Academic literature on the topic 'Lithic implement'

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Journal articles on the topic "Lithic implement"

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Sztáncsuj, Sándor József, Katalin Biró, Zsolt Kasztovszky, Sándor Józsa, and Boglárka Maróti. "Lithic implements at Ariuşd (Erősd). A preliminary report." Communicationes Archaeologicae Hungariae 2014 (December 7, 2015): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54640/cah.2014.19.

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Ariuşd (Erősd) is the eponym site of the Copper Age Ariuşd group. The systematic investigation of the site has begun over a hundred years ago. Recent archaeological studies could clarify the layer sequence and the artefacts of the site, especially the pottery finds. Our current paper is aiming at presenting the chipped lithic industry, the largest of its kind within the Ariuşd group. Though this study is a work in progress with several open questions, we hope to contribute to a more profound knowledge on the material culture of the Ariuşd group.
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Dong, Qinpeng, and Chao Ma. "Synthesis analysis of electric propulsion implement in large civil aircraft." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2252, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2252/1/012021.

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Abstract With more and more concerns of carbon emission reduction in civil aviation, this article aims to illustrate the current development and product of electric propulsion in civil aviation, also to investigate the feasibility and benefit of electric propulsion implement on large civil aircraft. In order to achieve this objective, a single aisle passenger airliner concept with electric propulsion was designed and trade-studied. There are both advantages and disadvantages of different energy architecture such as Turbine generator, APU generator, Lithium battery and Hydrogen fuel cell system. As the practical energy density of lithium battery is much lower than needed, considering the current situation and development potential, fuel cell with liquid hydrogen are most possibly used as the main power source in future large civil aircraft.
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Dong, Qinpeng, and Chao Ma. "Synthesis analysis of electric propulsion implement in large civil aircraft." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2252, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2252/1/012021.

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Abstract With more and more concerns of carbon emission reduction in civil aviation, this article aims to illustrate the current development and product of electric propulsion in civil aviation, also to investigate the feasibility and benefit of electric propulsion implement on large civil aircraft. In order to achieve this objective, a single aisle passenger airliner concept with electric propulsion was designed and trade-studied. There are both advantages and disadvantages of different energy architecture such as Turbine generator, APU generator, Lithium battery and Hydrogen fuel cell system. As the practical energy density of lithium battery is much lower than needed, considering the current situation and development potential, fuel cell with liquid hydrogen are most possibly used as the main power source in future large civil aircraft.
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Porto, Michele, Paolino Caputo, Valeria Loise, Abraham A. Abe, Giulia Tarsi, Cesare Sangiorgi, Francesco Gallo, and Cesare Oliviero Rossi. "Preliminary Study on New Alternative Binders through Re-Refined Engine Oil Bottoms (REOBs) and Industrial By-Product Additives." Molecules 26, no. 23 (November 30, 2021): 7269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237269.

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Recent studies have worked towards addressing environmental issues such as global warming and greenhouse gas emissions due to the increasing awareness of the depletion of natural resources. The asphalt industry is seeking to implement measures to reduce its carbon footprint and to promote sustainable operations. The reuse of several wastes and by-products is an example of a more eco-friendly activity that fulfils the circular economy principle. Among all possible solutions, the road pavement sector encourages, on one hand, the use of recycled materials as a partial replacement of the virgin lithic skeleton; on the other hand, it promotes the use of recycled materials to substituting for a portion of the petroleum bituminous binder. This study aims to use Re-refined Engine Oil Bottoms (REOBs) as a main substitute and additives from various industrial by-products as a full replacement for virgin bitumen, producing high-performing alternative binders. The REOBs have been improved by utilizing additives in an attempt to improve their specific properties and thus to bridge the gap between REOBs and traditional bituminous binders. An even larger amount of virgin and non-renewable resources can be saved using these new potential alternative binders together with the RAP aggregates. Thus, the reduction in the use of virgin materials is applied at the binder and the asphalt mixture levels. Rheological, spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, and mechanical analysis were used to characterize the properties, composition, and characteristics of the REOBs, REOB-modified binders, and asphalt mixes. Thanks to the rheological investigations of possible alternative binders, 18 blends were selected, since they behaved like an SBS-modified bitumen, and then they were used for producing the corresponding asphalt mixtures. The preliminary mechanical analysis of the asphalt mixtures shows that six mixes have promising responses in terms of stiffness, tensile resistance, and water susceptibility. Nevertheless, the high variability of recycled materials and by-products has to be taken into consideration during the definition of alternative binders and recycled asphalt mixtures. In fact, this study highlights the crucial effects of the chemical composition of the constituents and their compatibility on the behaviour of the final product. This preliminary study represents a first attempt to define alternative binders, which can be used in combination with recycled aggregates for producing more sustainable road materials. However, further analysis is necessary in order to assess the durability and the ageing tendency of the materials.
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Horowitz, Rachel A. "Technological Choice and Raw Material Availability: Lithic Production Implements in Western Belize." Lithic Technology 43, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01977261.2018.1482608.

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Thenaisie, Guillaume, Jun-Ho Cho, Cheol-Hui Park, and Sang-Gug Lee. "A method to implement the electrode-entropy differentiation for lithium batteries." MethodsX 7 (2020): 101052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.101052.

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Moore, Christopher R. "An Examination of Terminal Archaic Bone and Antler Implements from the Firehouse Site, Dearborn County, Indiana." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 42, no. 3 (October 1, 2017): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26599960.

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Abstract The Firehouse site (12D563) is a Terminal Archaic Riverton culture site located on a bluff overlooking the confluence of the Ohio and Great Miami Rivers in Dearborn County, Indiana. Excavations at the site in 2003 and 2004 yielded a highly diverse assemblage of around 300 bone and antler implements. Such large assemblages of organic tools are rare outside of wet sites, rockshelters, and shell middens and provide a unique opportunity for the study of tool forms not typically recovered in the Midwest. A typological analysis of the Firehouse assemblage indicates some similarities between these tools and Riverton culture bone and antler implements from the type sites in Illinois. Additionally, a microscopic analysis of manufacturing microtraces indicates that most tools were made using a lithic shaving (rather than an abrasion) technique.
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Krasinski, Kathryn E. "Multivariate evaluation of criteria for differentiating cut marks created from steel and lithic implements." Quaternary International 466 (February 2018): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.04.025.

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Amaral, I., L. G. Matta, and D. J. Andrade. "Population dynamics of Aceria litchii (Keifer) (Acari: Eriophyidae) reveals differential responses of lychee varieties." Systematic and Applied Acarology 25, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.25.2.4.

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Lychee productivity (Litchi chinensis) has been decreasing since the appearance of the erinose mite Aceria litchii (Keifer) in the main producing regions. This mite causes erinose formation in leaflets, branches, and fruits, which affects fruit productivity and quality. This study referred to an assessment of the population dynamics of this mite associated with abiotic factors in different lychee varieties during 25 months. For the assessments, the germplasm bank of the Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, UNESP–Jaboticabal, state of São Paulo, with lychees in full production was used. The assessed varieties were Bengal, Americana, Brewster, Groff, and WB4. Aceria litchii occurred in lychee plants over the years, reaching the highest levels in October and November. These results are considered important for the establishment of a more adequate management program for A. litchii. In this study, we verified that the Bengal variety (widely commercialized) is one of the varieties more susceptible to the mite attack. The variety Americana showed resistance to the mite. Despite the occurrence records for the pest in this variety, the number of individuals and, consequently, the erinose was reduced. Information reported here on the relationships between lychee varieties and the main crop pest is essential to implement plant-breeding programs or even select resistant or tolerant varieties to the erinose mite.
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Balberg, Michal, Meir Razvag, Shimon Vidro, Eli Refaeli, and Aharon J. Agranat. "Electroholographic neurons implemented on potassium lithium tantalate niobate crystals." Optics Letters 21, no. 19 (October 1, 1996): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.21.001544.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lithic implement"

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Sécher, Anthony. "Traditions techniques et paléogéographie du Magdalénien moyen ancien dans le Sud-Ouest de la France (19000-17500 cal.BP) : des groupes humains à plusieurs visages ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0796.

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Les données acquises dans le cadre de l'ANR MAGDATIS sur la période 19-18 Ky calBP permettent des soulever un certain nombre de questions relatives à la mise en place du Magdalénien classique dans le sud-ouest français. En outre, de nombreux résultats de datations C14 offrent un nouveau cadre plus précis pour cette période synchrone avec les débuts de l’événement climatique d’Heinrich 1 et ses conséquences sur l'environnement (paysages et disponibilités en gibier). Parallèlement, cette période est marquée par d'importantes transformations sociales et symboliques visibles dans différents registres : sépultures primaires richement dotées, sculptures pariétales, développement de la figuration humaine et sexuelle, recomposition des équipements lithiques et osseux. L'objectif de cette thèse est de confronter les comportements techniques et économiques à partir de l’examen de séries lithiques du Magdalénien moyen ancien (19-18 Ky calBP) à ces changements suscités afin d'en inférer sur les transformations sociétales des groupes de chasseurs-cueilleurs de cette période charnière. Plusieurs séries lithiques sont disponibles pour mener à bien ce projet dans le cadre d'analyses taphonomiques (numérisation des carnets de St Germain ou Roc de Marcamps disponibles). Une révision des séries de Marcamps, St Germain, Moulin Neuf, Combe Cullier, Petit Cloup Barrat couche 3, mais également l'apport de nouvelles fouilles (Laa2 et Ste Colome dans le Béarn) permettront d'appréhender sous un nouveau jour les premiers temps du Magdalénien moyen. L'espace géographique est circonscrit au sud-ouest de la France et centré sur la façade atlantique, participant ainsi également à des réflexions sur le peuplement, les territoires et les interactions sociales développées par ces groupes
The data acquired within the framework of the MAGDATIS RNA for the period 19-18 Ky calBP allow us to raise a certain number of questions concerning the establishment of the Classic Magdalenian in southwestern France. In addition, numerous C14 dating results offer a new and more precise framework for this period, synchronous with the beginning of the Heinrich 1 climatic event and its consequences on the environment (landscapes and availability of game). At the same time, this period is marked by important social and symbolic transformations visible in different registers: richly endowed primary burials, parietal sculptures, development of human and sexual figuration, recomposition of lithic and bone equipment. The objective of this thesis is to compare technical and economic behaviors based on the examination of lithic series from the Early Middle Magdalenian (19-18 Ky calBP) with these changes in order to infer about the societal transformations of hunter-gatherer groups during this pivotal period. Several lithic series are available to carry out this project within the framework of taphonomic analyses (digitization of the St Germain or Roc de Marcamps notebooks available). A revision of the series from Marcamps, St Germain, Moulin Neuf, Combe Cullier, Petit Cloup Barrat layer 3, but also the contribution of new excavations (Laa2 and Ste Colome in Béarn) will allow us to apprehend the early Middle Magdalenian period in a new light. The geographical area is limited to southwestern France and centered on the Atlantic coast, thus also contributing to reflections on the settlement, territories and social interactions developed by these groups
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Seong, Chuntaek. "Raw materials and evolution of lithic technology in Upper Pleistocene Korea /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6466.

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Wilson, Jennifer Keeling. "Curation and lithic technological organization studies on the Owyhee River : a case study of the Chalk Basin site (35ML143), Malheur County, Oregon." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/J_Wilson_042507.pdf.

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Milliken, Sarah. "Aspects of lithic assemblage variability in the late Palaeolithic of south-east Italy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dcc65351-7853-4942-bd7a-9f0c036f7fe6.

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This thesis concerns late Palaeolithic settlement in the region of Puglia, south-east Italy, at the close of the Pleistocene. Puglia comprises three sub-regions which contain sites of this period: the Salento peninsula, the Murge, and the Gargano promontory. The late Palaeolithic occupation must be considered in relation to the former existence of an extensive coastal plain, and to the sea-level rise which submerged it. The late Palaeolithic assemblages of the region have been studied previously by Italian archaeologists from a rigid typological stance, with various schemes put forward suggesting evolution of the assemblages through different stages of an Epigravettian tradition. In this thesis, attribute analysis is used to re-examine the principal assemblages, using published data where adequate and supplemented by samples studied by the author in Italy. The results are analyzed to seek the social and economic factors which shaped the various industries, as well as diachronic change wherever it can be demonstrated. Factors such as difficulty in obtaining raw material were clearly crucial to assemblage composition. The existing typological schemes are shown to lack real bases and to mask rather than reveal sociocultural information. Chapter 1 states the aims of the thesis and critically discusses previous theoretical approaches to the late Palaeolithic of the region. Chapters 2 and 3 describe relevant aspects of the regional palaeoenvironment. The author's own methodological approach is explained in Chapter 4, and then used for a detailed study of the assemblages from Grotta delle Cipolliane in Chapter 5. This is followed in Chapter 6 by a broader study of the late Palaeolithic assemblages in Puglia, with discussions of their possible diachronic and synchronic relationships. Chapter 7 develops this latter theme into an attempt to understand the social and economic features of the late Palaeolithic settlement of Puglia, and suggestions are made concerning future work that might improve the quality of the archaeological evidence. Chapter 8 summarizes the main conclusions of the thesis.
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Ferris, Jennifer Marie. "Lithic technological organization of site J69E, Espiritu Santo Island, Baja California Sur." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/j_ferris_042208.pdf.

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Cole, Stephen C. "Lithic raw material exploitation between 30,000 BP and 40,000 BP in the Perigord, France /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6401.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002.
Vita. Accompanying CD-ROM contains data recorded during examinations of six lithic assemblages and Pendulum Indenter tests, plus macros for use with data. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 553-598).
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Yoo, Yongwook 1969. "Long-term changes in the organization of lithic technology : a case study from the Imjin-Hantan River Area, Korea." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102852.

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This study is intended to furnish an explicability of hunter-gather's organizational model on the lithic technology. The fieldwork area is the Imjin-Hantan River Area (the IHRA) located at the midwestern part of the Korean Peninsula. The archaeological sites included in the fieldwork are Jangsanri (ca 0.2 Mya BP), Chongokni (ca 60 Kya BP), Juwolri, and Kawolri (younger than ca 50 Kya BP). In addition, a previously excavated Upper Palaeolithic assemblage of Janghungri (ca 23 Kya BP) is included in the quantitative analysis of lithic assemblages.
For the background of the research area, chapter II is devoted to demonstrating the general environment of East Asia and current Quaternary research of Korea. Chapter III furnishes the basic knowledge on the geomorphological environment of the IHRA and the research history in this area for the last three decades was elaborated.
Chapter IV is a description on the excavation fieldworks, introduction of the discovered lithic artifacts, and new age determination based on the K-Ar, IRSL, OSL, and AMS dating methods. Chapter V is the general characteristics on the IHRA lithic assemblage. Some descriptive details on the individual artifacts are presented and technological implications of lithic types are delineated. In addition, a general reduction sequence of the IHRA assemblage is proposed.
Chapter VI is a quantitative analysis based on the exploratory data analysis (EDA); some geometric variables of artifacts were operationally defined for the purpose of acquiring more implicative analytical units. As a result of the analysis, it is revealed that the distinct interassemblage variability of raw material composition and of the morphological features of small tools and blanks constrained by differential reduction intensity can be explained in the context of the long-term-based strategic changes executed by the IHRA hominins.
Chapter VII, based on the results from the fieldwork and lithic analysis, attempted to reconstruct the geological history of the IHRA in terms of hominid's land use patterns and relevant survival strategies. As a final remark, some unsolved issues were diagnosed and future research was expected for the continual research of the IHRA.
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Lerner, Harry Joseph. "Lithic raw material variability and the reduction of short-term use implements : an example from Northwestern New Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102675.

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Chipped stone tools are a truly dynamic medium of material culture. From initial reduction to contemporary excavation, lithic artifacts undergo continuous change. The role of the properties of raw materials in determining rates of use-wear accrual is poorly understood and has rarely been assessed quantitatively (e.g. Goodman, 1944; Greiser and Sheets, 1979; McDevitt, 1994). This dissertation offers such quantification regarding four materials exploited for the production of short-term use implements at the Late Archaic FA2-13 site located just outside the city of Farmington, New Mexico.
Both experimental and archaeological use-wear evidence was assessed in separate but related ways. Digital image analysis of use-wear invasiveness using ClemexVision PE and GIS analysis of use-wear homogeneity using Idrisi Kilimanjaro yielded distinct but highly complementary results. Direct testing of material properties of non-archaeological samples using a Hysitron Triboindenter served to further clarify these findings in terms of the complex relationship between raw material surface hardness and roughness.
The results of the present study show that there are significant differences between rates of wear accrual among the four materials. Analysis of tools from FA2-13 indicates that while scraping activities likely did predominate (Schutt, 1997a), it may also be feasible to generate more detailed assessments regarding the kinds of scraping activities that were undertaken and the respective intensities with which they were performed. This increased insight can then be extrapolated for application to long-term use technologies and their more complex life histories.
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Pope, Melody K. "Chipped stone, tools and towns an archaeological study of Uruk period lithic production and use at Abu Salabikh, Iraq /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3165060.

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Peoples, Nicole M. "The Taber Well Site (33HO611): A Seasonally Occupied Lithic Reduction Site in Southeastern Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103229925.

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Books on the topic "Lithic implement"

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Draper, John A. Ozette lithic analysis. Pullman, Wash: Washington State University, 1989.

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J, Schofield A., and Lithics Studies Society, eds. Lithics in context: Suggestions for the future direction of lithic studies. London: Lithics Studies Society, 1995.

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Lithic analysis. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2003.

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O, Henry Donald, Odell George H, and Tulsa Conference in Lithic Analysis (1989 : University of Tulsa), eds. Alternative approaches to lithic analysis. [Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association], 1989.

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A, Walker Elizabeth, Wenban-Smith F. F, and Healy Frances, eds. Lithics in action: Papers from the conference Lithic Studies in the Year 2000. Oxford: Oxbow, 2004.

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E, Brockmann Mark, and University of Maine. Farmington Archaeology Research Center, eds. Prehistoric lithic types of New England. Farmington, Me: Franklin Printing, 2002.

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1955-, Andrefsky William, ed. Lithic technology. Cambridge, Mass: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Brian, Hayden, ed. Lithic studies among the contemporary Highland Maya. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1987.

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Nishiaki, Yoshihiro. Lithic technology of Neolithic Syria. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2000.

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1955-, Andrefsky William, ed. Lithic debitage: Context, form, meaning. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lithic implement"

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Hranicky, Wm Jack. "Miscellaneous Tools/Implements." In Lithic Technology in the Middle Potomac River Valley of Maryland and Virginia, 212–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0615-7_10.

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McCartney, Carol. "Chapter 10. Lithics / Chipped Stone Implements from Tell el-Borg." In Tell el-Borg II, 365–79. Penn State University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781646020058-013.

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Gadekar, Charusmita, and P. Ajithprasad. "Lithic Blade Implements and their Role in the Harappan Chalcolithic Cultural Development in Gujarat." In Walking with the Unicorn: Social Organization and Material Culture in Ancient South Asia, 194–209. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19vbgkc.17.

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Valdez Parra, Rodrigo, Gaurav Pothureddy, Tom Sanitas, Vishnuvardan Krishnamoorthy, Oluwatobi Oluwafemi, Sumit Singh, Ip-Shing Fan, and Essam Shehab. "Digital Twin-Driven Framework for EV Batteries in Automobile Manufacturing." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210096.

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The successful operation of Electric-Vehicle Batteries (EVB) is paramount for the ever-continuing goal of approaching a low carbon emission future. The Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is currently the best wager to implement on Electric Vehicles (EV). Nonetheless, it comes with its fair trade of challenges. The complexity involved in the design, manufacturing and operating conditions for these batteries has made their control and monitoring paramount. Digital Twin (DT) is concretely defined as a virtual replica of a physical object, process or system. The DT can be implemented in conjunction with the EVB physical embodiment to analyse and enhance its performance. ERP is a system designed to control production and planning amongst others. This paper presents the state-of-the-art battery design, production with the combination of DT and Enterprise system. A five-dimensional DT framework has been proposed linking the physical data and virtual data with ERP. The proposed method was used to model the digital twin of EVB at the concept level and solve its challenges faced in the industry Also the potential application & benefits of the framework have been formalised with the help of a case study from Tesla EVBs.
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Meskers, Christina. "Metal Processes and Applications—An Overview." In Principles of Metal Refining and Recycling, 450–549. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811923.003.0008.

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This chapter provides a consise overview of each metal’s physical properties, production, and recycling processes and application. Starting with lithium and ending with bismuth, the metals in the periodic table are covered from Al to Zn. In this way the relationship between each metal’s properties, applications, and processing becomes evident. To obtain the desired properties, and thus composition, for a particular application the refining processes are essential. While the fundamental principles are discussed in other chapters, here the focus is on how the technologies are applied to different metals. The chapter also allows for a systemic perspective that elucidates the interconnectedness between the metals and their production infrastructure. It provides insights that can be applied in primary production, recycling, residue treatment, technology development, alloy and product design, and substitution among others. This is essential to understand and implement the circular economy.
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Gallego, Juan-Maria. "Organizational Trauma and Change Management." In Impact of Organizational Trauma on Workplace Behavior and Performance, 140–61. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2021-4.ch006.

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This chapter will evaluate the correlation between change management and the employee and/or management behaviors detrimental to the wellbeing of those individuals and the overall productivity and efficiency of an organization. The potential relationship between change and organizational behaviors, the effects of change on the wellbeing of individuals, the well-documented resistance to change would analyzed as well as potential techniques that managers, consultants and HR departments could implement to minimize the detrimental influence of organizational change on the wellbeing of individuals. The traumatic effects of change on the employee, both physical and psychological effects would be included in this chapter. These effects on the wellbeing of employees have been correlated to diminishing job satisfaction, increased absenteeism and turnover, reduced productivity and effectiveness and overall lower engagement with the organization. The chapter will include the introduction and brief analysis of organizational change and effectiveness models in particular the Burke-Litwin Model.
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Mussi, Margherita. "Palaeolithic Art in Isolation: The Case of Sicily and Sardinia." In Palaeolithic Cave Art at Creswell Crags in European Context. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199299171.003.0015.

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The archaeological record of Italy is long and complex, suggesting continuous peopling since the Middle Pleistocene (Mussi 2001; Mussi et al. in press). The evidence of Palaeolithic art, however, is rather restricted: Early Upper Palaeolithic (EUP) art is close to nil, including just a few notched implements; the Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP), admittedly, is much richer, with some twenty Gravettian Wgurines, the largest such sample in Western Europe (Mussi et al. 2000; Mussi 2004); parietal art is also documented at Grotta Paglicci, where painted horses and positive handprints were discovered (Boscato and Palma di Cesnola 2000; Zorzi 1962); when Late Upper Palaeolithic (LUP) lithic industries were produced which belong to the Epigravettian, portable and parietal art is known at a number of sites. In the late 1980s, Zampetti (1987) reviewed twenty-one Epigravettian cave sites, and a single open-air site, all of them with zoomorphic art. Three more have been discovered since: Riparo Dalmeri, Riparo di Villabruna, and Grotta di Settecannelle. I will examine below the artistic record of Sicily and Sardinia, both of them at the periphery of Italy, which, in turn, is secluded from Europe by the Alps. My aim is to contrast the effects of geographic isolation, with the circulation of people and ideas, if any, as documented by portable and cave art. Sicily, currently an island of 25; 700km<sup>2</sup> and the largest in the Mediterranean, lies 140 km from Africa, and a few kilometres off southern Italy. The strait of Messina is 3 to 25 km wide, but is far from easy to cross, because of violent tidal currents, and whirlpool, also known as ‘Charybdis’ by Greeks and Romans. The depth is just 72 m at the Sill of Peloro. Because of intense neotectonic activity, however, any palaeogeographic reconstruction is highly speculative. Analysis of the faunal assemblages, which during oxygen isotope stage (OIS) 2 include a limited number of species, none of which is endemic, suggests that intermittent connection with the mainland possibly existed around the Last Glacial Maximum (Mussi et al. in press). The large mammals, found in varying percentages, are the deer, Cervus elaphus, the aurochs, Bos primigenius, the small steppe horse, Equus hydruntinus, and Sus scrofa, the wild boar.
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Bernardini, Alessandro, Irene Lavagnini, Chiara Dall’Armi, Davide Pivetta, Rodolfo Taccani, Fabrizio Cadenaro, Matteo Roiaz, et al. "The REShiP Project: Renewable Energy for Ship Propulsion." In Progress in Marine Science and Technology. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/pmst220081.

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In recent years the acknowledgement of the relations between the emissions of exhaust gas, in particular CO2, and their effects on climate and environment has grown to a wide level. Many countries and international organizations have begun to work to mitigate the problem and drive the society towards more sustainable sources of energy. Shipping is no exception and in 2018 the IMO – International Maritime Organization set the ambitious goal of reducing the CO2 emissions of the shipping industries of at least 50% within 2050, compared to the levels of 2008. This has introduced the need to research and develop new, sustainable energy sources and power systems for ships. The REShiP projects is aimed to identify a type of ship which would be suitable for an early adoption of a carbon free or carbon neutral fuel and a matching power generation system, tailored on specific routes. A small ferry powered by a hybrid combination of liquid hydrogen-fuelled fuel cells and Lithium-ion batteries has thus been identified. A mathematical model was developed to optimize the usage of fuel cell and batteries based on the ship operative profile. A multi objective optimization was implemented to minimize system performance degradation. To support the mathematical model a 7 kW PEMFC power generating unit was assembled and relevant data have been analysed. Following a regulatory framework research and in lack of comprehensive prescriptive rules, the design of the ferry and the prototype was done in accordance with the alternative design approach based on the risk assessment methodology, reaching a level of confidence appropriate to award an approval in principle.
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Conference papers on the topic "Lithic implement"

1

Madrid-Chirinos, Cindy, Leonardo Ontiveros, and Antonio Sarasua. "Lithium-Based Batteries Implemented in Power Networks: A Review." In 2022 IEEE Biennial Congress of Argentina (ARGENCON). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/argencon55245.2022.9939861.

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Soukup, Todd J., and Vincent P. Heuring. "Implementation of a Fiber Optic Delay Line Memory." In Optical Computing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.me14.

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The objective of the Digital Optical Computer (DOC) group at the University of Colorado at Boulder is to implement a general purpose computer using the speed advantages of light.[1] The machine is being implemented using lithium niobate directional couplers as logic elements and optical fiber loops for memory. Figure 1 shows the logic functionality of the directional coupler. Terminal C, normally an electronic input, has been converted to an optical input by the addition of a sensitive detector, amplifier, and thresholder.[2] This paper describes the implementation of the fiber optic delay line memory.
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Rael, S., M. Urbain, and H. Renaudineau. "A mathematical lithium-ion battery model implemented in an electrical engineering simulation software." In 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2014.6864881.

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Imran, Rasool M., Bashar Sakeen Farhan, Yuan-Jun Yang, Habib Ur Rahman Habib, and Firas M. F. Flaih. "Comparative Investigation of Lithium-ion Charging Methods Implemented via a Single DC/DC Converter." In 2021 5th International Conference on Green Energy and Applications (ICGEA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgea51694.2021.9487608.

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Walker, N. G., G. R. Walker, J. Davidson, A. R. Beaumont, R. C. Booth, and M. C. Brain. "Birefringence Analysis of a Lithium Niobate Polarisation Controller." In Integrated and Guided Wave Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/igwo.1989.mee2.

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A lithium niobate polarisation controller has been fabricated. Novel techniques were used for detailed birefringence analysis and confirmation of near ideal behaviour. Endless polarisation control was successfully implemented using a simple, robust control algorithm.
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Blow, K. J., A. Poustie, and R. J. Manning. "Packet Networks using All-Optical Bit Serial Processing." In Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1998.nwe.14.

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In the early days of computing (1940’s and 1950’s), computers were designed to operate serially as no static memory was available and storage could only be implemented using recirculating delay lines. Modem silicon based computers process data in parallel using static memory and latching logic gates. If processing is to be possible in all-optical form we believe it is necessary to return to serial techniques since it has proved difficult to keep light still and obtain latching. Recent work at Colorado [1] has used these serial techniques to implement a stored program optoelectronic computer using a combination of electronic detection to control lithium niobate gates and optical fibres to provide the optical pathways. The key feature of the bit serial design is to use the time of flight of the light to provide a natural memory and to arrange for computation to occur by appropriate synchronisation of data and control pulses. One advantage of this approach is that the optical processing is scaleable in bit rate. In this paper we will describe an all-optical implementation of these techniques, based on the Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror (NOLM)[2] switch architecture, with application to the operation of packet switched networks.
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Patel, Prehit, and George J. Nelson. "The Influence of Structure on the Electrochemical and Thermal Response of Li-Ion Battery Electrodes." In ASME 2019 13th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2019 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2019-3926.

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Abstract The continued advancement of lithium ion batteries for transportation applications requires addressing two key challenges: increasing energy density and providing fast charging capabilities. The first of these challenges can be met in part through the use of thicker electrodes, which reduce the electrochemically inactive mass of the cell. However, implementation of thick electrodes inherently presents a trade-off with respect to fast charging capabilities. As thickness is increased, transport limitations exert greater influence on battery performance and reduce the ability of the battery to meet aggressive charge conditions. This trade-off can manifest over multiple length scales. At the particle-scale, interactions between solid diffusion and reaction kinetics influence the effective storage of lithium within the active material. At the electrode scale, diffusion limitations can lead to local variations in salt concentrations and electric potential. These short-range and long-range effects can combine to influence local current and heat generation. In the present work, a pseudo-2D lithium ion battery model is applied to understand how active material particle size, porosity, and electrode thickness impact local field variables, current, heat generation, and cell capacity within a single cell stack. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 is used to implement the pseudo-2D model of a lithium ion battery consisting of a graphite negative electrode, polymer separator, and lithium transition metal oxide positive electrode. Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in 1:1 ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethylene carbonate (DEC) was used as the electrolyte. The model was built assuming that the active particles are representative spherical particles. The governing equations and boundary conditions were set following the common Newman model. Cell response under varied combinations of charge and discharge cycling is assessed for rates of 1C and 5C. Aggressive charge and discharge conditions lead to locally elevated C-rates and attendant increases in local heat generation. These variations can be impacted in part by tailoring electrode structures. To this end, results for parametric studies of active material particle size, porosity, and electrode thickness are presented and discussed.
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Brooks, J. L., G. S. Maurer, P. W. Cornish, and R. A. Becker. "Implementation of dual parallel modulation in lithium niobate." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.tug4.

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For broadband video transmission over fiber, high power linear signal transmission is desirable. Externally modulated diodepumped solid state lasers can provide high power, but linearization is required. We have implemented an approach recently analyzed by Korotky et al.1 A system performance evaluation of this dual parallel modulator approach has been submitted elsewhere.2 In this paper we focus our attention on nonideal device effects including electrical crosstalk, acoustic effects, and optical multipath interference.
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Wang, Yun, and Sung Chan Cho. "Multi-Dimensional Modeling of Lithium-Air Batteries." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66809.

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In this study, we develop a multi-dimensional model of lithium-air (Li-air) batteries to evaluate their performance. The model consists of a set of partial differential equations of species and charges conservation, in conjunction of the electrochemical reaction kinetics at the reaction interface, and takes into account two major mechanisms of voltage loss due to insoluble discharge products formation: namely, electrode passivation and increased oxygen transport resistance. The model is successfully implemented to numerical simulation of discharging operation of a two-dimensional Li-air battery. Highly non-uniform distributions of oxygen and insoluble products are revealed under high current density. The pore space in the electrode is not fully utilized, particularly under high discharging current operation. The fundamental model and numerical tool are important for developing high-performance Li-air batteries.
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Rose, Cameron, and Ben Pence. "Parameter Optimization of a New Battery Model." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-68768.

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Abstract The lithium-ion battery (LiB) has become increasingly popular in electric vehicles (EVs), laptops, phones and many other devices that people use every day. It is popular due to its high energy density, low cost, lack of memory effect (typical of older battery types), longer life cycle (more full cycles till battery dies), and more. Because of its common use in everyday applications, knowing the state of charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery becomes an important problem to solve. The first goal of this work was to develop and present a new battery model derived from fundamental principles of electrochemistry, Fick’s first law of diffusion, and a mass balance of lithium-ions between the anode and cathode. A voltage equation was developed based on the the open circuit voltage, the Nernst equation, and Ohm’s law. The battery model aims to accurately track the movement of lithium ions without being too computationally demanding, while the voltage equation relates the output of the model to the voltage of the cell. These equations are coupled and solved simultaneously. The SOC of the battery could then be determined based on the mass of lithium in the anode. The second goal of this work was to optimize the parameters of the battery model to make it match experimental data. A cost function was defined and a genetic algorithm was implemented to minimize the cost function by altering the model parameters. The genetic algorithm successfully reduced the cost function. The model matched the experimental data and is therefore ready for commercial application.
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