Journal articles on the topic 'Literature and society – Russia (Federation)'
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1
Čech, Ľubomír. "ISLAM AND ITS REFLECTION IN RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE." EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics 6, no. 31 (November 30, 2021): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.31.2021.78-86.
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When it comes to Islam in general, there is a growing interest in its specific characteristics and practices in all spheres of society. The same applies to academic discussions and communities in the Russian Federation. In the first part of this paper, we analyse the Islamic revival in Russia. The second and the third parts present our analysis of scientific literature carried out on the basis of the Web of Science databases as well as major research areas and selected aspects of contemporary discourse.
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Demidenko, Sergey V., Sergey B. Margulis, and Roman I. Fainshmidt. "The Spread of the Post-Industrial Islamism in the Russian Federation." RUDN Journal of Political Science 24, no. 4 (December 7, 2022): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2022-24-4-665-685.
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Radical Islam as a political phenomenon has undergone significant changes during the first decades of the 21st century. This process was accompanied, firstly, by the strengthening unification trends in the ideological field, and secondly, by the development of a specific “Jihadi Cool” subculture that combined the features of the consumer society (modern music, stylish clothes, Islamic merch, youth magazines, etc.) and jihadist agenda. These factors, in combination, form a new version of religious radicalism - post-industrial Islamism, which poses a significant threat to international security. Questions regarding the degree and the nature of post-industrial Islamism in the Russian Federation have not yet been scrutinized in academic literature. The article is the first attempt to understand this problem, which exists in a complex socio-economic and ethno-confessional environment of Russia. The theoretical framework of the study was the works of leading domestic Islamic scholars dealing with the problems of Islamic radicalism. In the indicated paradigm, the authors made an attempt to give their own definition of radical Islam, to identify the characteristic features of the phenomenon, to separate religious extremism from fundamentalism. Work with the empirical base was carried out through the methods of descriptive statistics, as well as the use of qualitative and quantitative content analysis. It was made on the basis of Google Trends data, cross-checked through the Wordstat.yandex system. In conclusion, the team of authors came to conclusions regarding the spread of post-industrial Islamism in Russia. There is an increase in the activity of radicals in the Internet space, their work to expand the base of support for the movement, based on knowledge of the algorithms of social networks. Also, elements of the ‘jihadi cool’ have been identified too. It is important to note that all the trends listed above originated outside the Russian Federation and were borrowed by the radicals. In general, this only confirms the idea of the peripheral nature of Russian Islamic radicalism, which throughout its history has been an alien element on the national ethno-cultural environment.
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Mamay, Evgeny, and Julia Ermakova. "The Development of Regulation of the Family and Marriage Institutions in Russia in the Context of the Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights." Legal Concept, no. 2 (July 2020): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2020.2.21.
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Introduction: the institution of marriage is the pillar of every society and state and forms their material, spiritual, psychological and even ideological basis. The state is inextricably linked with the family and marriage. Changing each of the elements of this interaction leads to the radical changes in the entire system, so the state must regulate these social institutions in a certain way. Modern Russia strives to achieve a reasonable balance of human rights and freedoms, develop a democratic society and work closely with the international community while preserving the established moral foundations and traditional values related to the institution of the family and marriage. The purpose of the publication is to determine the current state and prospective vectors of development of the state policy in relation to the institution of marriage. The research methodology is based on the use of the logical, dialectical techniques and methods of scientific knowledge, the comparative legal and legal-technical analysis of the texts of laws and other documents. Results: the paper analyzes the scientific literature, the Russian and foreign legislation, the international legal acts and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights in order to determine the efficiency of the state policy in this area, establish the criteria for achieving a sufficient balance between the non-interference of the state in the gender issues and maintaining the institution of traditional marriage in Russia. The conducted research of the issue suggests that in general, the legislation of the Russian Federation concerning the family and marriage relations is quite stable, but in response to the challenges of modern times, it is undergoing a certain reform. Conclusions: the practice of implementing the European Convention on Human Rights requires that the Russian legislation be seriously reformed in terms of regulating the gender issues and marital and family relations. In recent years, the Russian Federation has repeatedly lost cases in the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), without being able to defend the fairness of its position. According to the authors of the publication, the solution to this problem is possible by reviewing certain international obligations of Russia in the context of their interpretation of the ECHR, as well as forming a consolidated position in Russian society regarding the institution of traditional marriage and the gender relations. These changes should be reflected in both the domestic legislation and the legalized law enforcement practices. The authors consider the achieved level of tolerance of Russian law regarding the institutions of the family and marriage to be extremely sufficient for the preservation and sustainable development of Russian society.
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SIDENKO, O. A., and D. V. SOSUNOV. "CONSTITUTIONALISM AND AMENDMENTS TO THE BASIC LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 2020: POLITICAL ANALYSIS." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 15, no. 6 (2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2071-2367-2020-15-6-103-118.
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The purpose of the article is to reveal the contradictions of the Russian transitional constitutionalism of the 2020 model as perceived by experts. It is achieved by presenting a palette of experts' views on the phenomenon of constitutionalism, expert assessments of the impact of the 2020 constitutional reform on constitutional principles, the distance between citizens and authorities, as well as expert opinions on the existence of value consolidation between the state and civil society in modern Russia. It is extremely important that the constitutional amendments, contributing to adaptation to changing realities, remain within the framework of the system of constitutionalism. There is no relevant developed methodology for political and legal assessment in the Russian-language scientific literature. The research group, having resorted to an expert survey, proposed their own version. The results obtained indicate not only the importance of value connotations in the perception of constitutionalism by experts, the weakening of all groups of constitutional principles (negative assessments prevail over positive ones), the manipulative nature of the process, but also a potential increase in the distance between the governors and the governed. Nevertheless, the threshold values that could indicate the interpretation of constitutional novels by experts as leading to going beyond the framework of constitutionalism are not identified. Since the project is pilot and generalizations are based on expert estimates, the conclusions are debatable.
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Kowalczyk, Joanna. "Wielowymiarowy obraz rosyjskiej konstytucji – refleksje językowe, kulturowe i poznawcze." Przekładaniec, no. 40 (2020): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864pc.20.013.13176.
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A Multidimensional Image of the Russian Constitution – Linguistic, Cultural and Cognitive Reflections This article deals with the transposition of concepts in the process of translating legal texts. The material basis was the original text of the constitution of the Russian Federation and the constitution of Russia, which was translated into Polish. The primary assumption of the analyzes made is the thesis that the constitution is the foundation of the system, norms and principles. The Constitution also sets out the main directions of community development. As the superior document of a social and political nature, it confirms the most important national values and social beliefs. The awareness of the highest rank of this normative act should also be considered as an important factor in the process of translating the constitution into other languages. Depending on the context and depending on the structural and conceptual flexibility of the original text, the transposition of a generalized vision of the community world can be a complex task or a process that does not require a lot of work. The subject of the article is the relation between the Constitution of the Russian Federation and its Polish language version. The analysis includes the linguistic and non-linguistic reality in which the constitution of Russia is present. The research covered: the current constitution of Russia of December 12, 1993 in the Russian and Polish language versions. The legal act in Polish was made available on the official website of the Biblioteka Sejmowa (biblioteka.sejm.gov.pl). The aim of the review was to identify the possibility of reconceptualizing the Russian legal reality and determining the efficiency of transposing the concepts to the target text. The author wanted to answer the questionwhether the translation text can be treated as a source of knowledge and understanding of cultural and civilizational norms and values, building the state and Russian society. The first part of the study was devoted to general concepts that created the state system. Attention is paid to their functionality in the source and target area. The essence of the image of the world was taken into account. Using the concepts of Родина and Отечествo, has been explained the lexical context of translated lexemes. The second part of the review concerned the reconstruction of the collective memory of the Russian nation. This level focuses on the text of the preamble as a component containing generalized ideas of the political system. The third part was a substantive summary of all findings. This part of the article was based on a comparative study, covering the relation between the text of the constitution and the content and context.
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Syrovátka, Jonáš, and Jan Holzer. "Euromaidan(s) in Russian Academic Literature." Russian Politics 6, no. 2 (June 2, 2021): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/24518921-00602004.
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Abstract Euromaidan events represented a major political issue for discussion among Russian political analysts. While from a distance the perception in Russian society might seem monolithic, a closer look suggests that Euromaidan events spurred multiple reactions within the population. To demonstrate this, the article describes the different perceptions of Euromaidan in 108 texts published by Russian academics between 2013 and 2018. While analyzing the argumentation of these texts, it is possible to identify two main differences—terminology in the use of either coup or revolution to describe the happenings, and the importance of the local context for the course of events. Significant differences among texts allow us to conclude that there have been various interpretations of Euromaidan among Russian academics. This conclusion not only sheds new light on the state of public debate in the Russian Federation but can be also seen as a contribution to the debate about how so-called modern authoritarian regimes operate.
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Tkachenko, Victoria. "From the Time of Troubles to the Unity Day: Memory, Forgetting and Re-imaging the Past in Russian History." University of Bucharest Review. Literary and Cultural Studies Series 10, no. 1 (October 5, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31178/ubr.10.1.7.
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This article examines how the memory of one of the largest sociopolitical crises in the history of Russia (called the Time of Troubles) modified over 400 years. This process is considered as an example of rethinking the traumatic experience of the past and forming a national-patriotic myth on its basis. Several stages of the evolution of the memory of the Time of Troubles are issued: the XVII century – when the interpretation of these events was mainly religious; the XVIII century – when heroic and patriotic ideas about the time of troubles were formed in accordance with the ideals of classicism; the XIX century – the time of the development of the monarchical myth of the Romanov dynasty coming to power; the XX century – when the peasant war and the struggle against foreign intervention became the main dominant in the understanding of events; Modern Russia and the annual celebration of the National Unity Day – a public holiday established in 2005 in memory of the liberation of Moscow in 1612, the main idea of which is the unification of all peoples on the territory of the Russian Federation. It is noted that for centuries in the cultural memory of Russian society, two layers of ideas about the Time of Troubles coexisted. One of them – negative – was the memory of social upheavals and civil war, the other – positive – the memory of victory and overcoming the Troubles, evoking a sense of national pride and hopes for the future.
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Blokhina, N. A., and M. A. Vlasova. "Responsibility of the president and the prosecutor's office for the integrity and security of the state." Law Enforcement Review 5, no. 2 (July 5, 2021): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2021.5(2).86-98.
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The subject. The evolution of regulation of prosecutor’s activity in Russian Constitution as well as the role of Prosecutor's Office in provision of national security and integrity are being considered.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that the preservation of the Prosecutor's Office made it possible to prevent the destruction of the Russian Federation and protect the country's security from significant threats.The methodology. The authors use a dialectical method as well as analysis and synthesis. An important role is given to formal legal interpretation of Russian Constitution and legal acts.The main results, scope of application. The question of who saved the Russian Prosecutor's Office from the attempt to liquidate it in the autumn of 1993 is being covered in detail. There was not even a mention of the Prosecutor's Office in the draft Constitution of the Russian Federation. The Prosecutor's Office was supposed to be replaced by the institution of authorized representatives of the President in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Chapter 7 of the Russian Constitution was called "Judicial Power" until 2014, and it lacked the word "prosecutor's office", which caused a lot of bewilderment in the scientific and educational literature and turned the content of Chapter 7 into a kind of mystery. The article reveals the role of Alexander I. Kazannik in preserving the Russian Prosecutor's Office. The authors of the article name the main threats to state security: duplication of the powers of the federal government and the lack of effective legal guarantees of their responsibility, asymmetry of Russian federalism. Asymmetry leads to uneven implementation of citizens' rights and freedoms and distrust of power. The criteria for assessing the scientific activities of universities established in 2013 also pose a threat to state security.Conclusions. President Vladimir Putin has preserved the integrity and sovereignty of Russia, enforced the principle of the supremacy of federal law and strengthens Russia's security with the help of the Prosecutor's Office. The authors propose measures to strengthen Russia's security: (1) introduce a competitive selection procedure for the post of Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation with the participation of civil society institutions, which would have the right to present candidates to the Federation Council; (2) adopt a federal law on the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation to avoid duplication of powers with the Russian Government and other authorities; (3) change the criteria for assessing the scientific activity of universities, established by the Ministry of Science of the Russian Federation.
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Гусев, Алексей, and Aleksey Gusev. "Russia’s Transition to the Status of a Knowledge-Oriented Society and Youth Policy." Universities for Tourism and Service Association Bulletin 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2668.
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The article highlights the problems of knowledge-oriented society development in Russia. According to the communication development policy concept of the Russian Federation, communication / information policy is to be viewed in terms of Russia’s transformation into a knowledge/information-oriented society. The concept identifies three priority areas and top goals which are major challenges to the process of building up a knowledge/information-oriented society, namely: (1) the development and implementation of a requisite technology base; (2) Russia’s close international cooperation in creating its strategy for a transition to a status of a knowledge/information-oriented society; (3) creating the social, economic and cultural conditions to facilitate the process of transition. The concept holds that the success of the transition towards a knowledge/ information-oriented society is dependent on the knowledge/information readiness of the society. The authors analyses the documentation and literature dealing with the stages of creating the concept of the state youth policy of RF and identifies the role of communication/information policy for the state youth policy as well as its newly-acquired features that evolved in response to globalization and knowledge/informationoriented society development. The author concludes that the informational localization of Russia’s younger population is accounted for by (1) the hard factors of their lifestyle, which coupled with high regional diversity and differentiation breed a great variety of thesauri, and (2) cementing network communities, which enable their members to satisfy their informational needs independently of the state or social structures.
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Crotty, Jo. "Managing civil society: democratisation and the environmental movement in a Russian region." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2003.09.006.
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The stalling of civil society development within the Russian Federation and its attendant causes have been a focus of academic study since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Alongside the emergence of a fragmented and chronically under-funded community of advocacy groups, the literature points to a rejection of democratic structures by the Russian populace and an absence of active civil engagement. Consequently, the international community has sought to bolster the growth and development of the Russian third sector by funding projects and organisations with a view to increasing public participation.Utilising research undertaken in Samara oblast of the Russian Federation, this paper examines the role played by overseas donor agencies within the Samara Environmental Movement (SEM). In examining both the quality and quantity of donor assistance received, it reveals a number of dysfunctions arising from this aid, and in particular, a lack of contextualization and mis-direction of the assistance offered vis-à-vis citizen participation, alongside other behavioural impacts of donor funding within the SEM itself.
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Kellman, Steven. "Multilingual Literature of the United States." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 19, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-1-19-27.
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Like the Russian Federation, the United States is a multilingual, multicultural society. A nation of immigrants and indigenous peoples, it has produced a rich body of literature in dozens of languages in addition to English that scholars have only in recent decades begun to pay attention to. Of particular note are texts in Spanish, Yiddish, Chinese, French, Hebrew, German, Arabic, Norwegian, Welsh, Greek, Turkish, Italian, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Vietnamese and numerous American Indian languages. In this paper we observe the most significant texts of multilingual American literature. The corpus of literary works shows us, that despite Americans pervasive and enduring xenolinguaphobia - aversion to other languages - the United States, like other large countries, is a heterogeneous amalgam. Ignoring the variety of works written in languages other than English impoverishes the national culture and handicaps serious readers.
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VERGAZOVA , ANNA. "CLASSIFICATION OF MALPRACTICES OF MICROFINANCIAL ORANIZATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Sociopolitical Sciences 12, no. 5 (October 30, 2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2022-12-5-64-70.
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The idea of regulating financial institutions in general and microfinancial organization in particular lies in finding the balance in following the economic interests of all the sides involved. For the individual this implies keeping their well-being while for the state this means to ensure the well-being of all the different strata of the society. One of the functions of the microfinancial organizations is to give small businesses access to legal money for further development. Having said that, ideally microcredits should lead to growth of individual’s wealth, growth of the middle class, growth of the income of the region and the country. However, microfinancial organizations historically have been surrounded by a negative image, and malpractices only make it worse for them. By understanding deviant practices and their classification there is space for preventing their spread and for forming an environment that would work for the society development. Literature analysis has shown that there is no common classification, and the result proposes a model that takes into account the specifics of the Russian market and takes into consideration the most of malpractices applied there.
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Papkova, Irina. "Russian Orthodox concordat? Church and state under Medvedev." Nationalities Papers 39, no. 5 (September 2011): 667–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2011.602394.
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The literature on church-state relations in post-Soviet Russia has been slowly but steadily expanding over the past two decades. The period since 2008, however, remains underdeveloped, as existing analysis has focused on specific issues rather than attempting an overview of the larger trends since the above-mentioned changes in the leadership of both institutions. Seeking to address this gap, this article explores the implications of the nearly coincidental changeovers in leadership in the Moscow Patriarchate and the secular state for church-state relations in Russia, both near and long-term. The first part of the article sets up the context for understanding the new church-state dynamic, by discussing in some detail the state of the relationship under Patriarch Aleksii II. The conclusions are that, under Aleksii tenure, the church could be considered a relatively weak institution, as it was unable for the most part to strengthen its position in Russia through legislative means. The second part focuses on the process whereby the new patriarch came to be elected in 2009, intending thereby to shed some light on Kirill I's leadership style and political agenda. The third part discusses concrete changes in the church-state relationship that have occurred on the federal level since 2008. The final section proposes some conclusions regarding the importance of the Russian Orthodox Church as a political actor in the contemporary Russian Federation, suggesting that despite the recent gains in the church's political fortunes, the ROC's position in society and particularly vis-à-vis the government remains vulnerable in key respects.
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Dudin, Mikhail N., Sergey V. Shkodinsky, and Daler I. Usmanov. "Digital sovereignty of Russia: barriers and new development tracks." Market Economy Problems, no. 2 (2021): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2021-2-30-49.
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Subject/Topic. The article is devoted to the study of the concept, parameters, barriers and scenarios for ensuring the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation in the era of Industry 4.0. Methodology. To study the concept of digital sovereignty as a scientific shortage, the authors used general scientific methods (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning), when conducting an analytical study of indicators of the digital maturity of the national economy of the Russian Federation, the dynamics of high-tech challenges and threats specific scientific methods were used (static analysis, expert assessments, graphical method), to form scenarios of the future trajectory of the development of digital sovereignty, methods of strategic management – SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, Foresight tools. The validity and reliability of the results of scientific research is ensured by the correctness and rigor of the construction of the logic and research scheme. Scientific and applied research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of innovative development, digital economy and public administration was used as a methodological and fundamental basis for the study. The initial statistical data for the analysis were taken from open sources of thematic reviews and analytical reports of the consulting agencies VC.RU, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the Skolkovo Research Center, Digital IQ, PWC, statistical collections of the Higher School of Economics and Rosstat. Results. Currently, digital sovereignty is considered from a political, economic and technological point of view, which determines the presence of a pluralism of points of view on its meaningful definition in the scientific literature. The authors propose to understand by digital sovereignty the criterion of sustainability of the architecture of a socio-economic business model in front of external and internal digital challenges and threats of various origins, as well as its ability to adapt and proactively protect its own interests in the digital sphere. The development of the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation is presented according to four scenarios: 1st – the Russian Federation is unable to build an effective national infrastructure and is dependent on these groups, digital sovereignty has become an object and means of influence of world leaders on the behavior of entire states and allied formations, an emphasis on military the political role of digital sovereignty; 2nd – the Russian Federation joins the digital infrastructure to the Asian group, and the Chinese conglomerate pursues a policy of soft absorption with the gradual assimilation of the cultural and value paradigms of the population into non-Chinese paradigms; 3rd – the collapse of the oligo-polistic power, the FAMGA group (USA) and the BAT group (China), the entire world economy is being reshaped into autonomous digital ecosystems that build relationships among themselves on the principles of win-win partnership; 4th – the USA, EU, Russia is actively developing digital infrastructure in Asia, Africa, South America to form a new colonial system built on the basis of digital technologies. Conclusions/Relevance. As part of the scientific study, it was found that the digital sovereignty of the state directly depends on the level of digital maturity of the national economy and the digital responsibility of society's behavior. Taking into account the passage of the global economic system to the point of no return – the onset of the era of Industry 4.0 - the issue of ensuring the digital sovereignty of the state is becoming a new priority in the agenda for future development. Application. The results obtained in the process of scientific research can be used by the authorities and management as a theoretical and practical basis for making appropriate decisions in the field of improving the processes of digital transformation of various levels of society, and by business representatives – for adjusting business development strategies based on taking into account relevant digital challenges and threats.
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Bryczek-Wróbel, Patrycja, and Maciej Moszczyński. "The evolution of the concept of information warfare in the modern information society of the post-truth era." Przegląd Nauk o Obronności, no. 13 (August 9, 2022): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/pno/152620.
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ObjectivesCompare selected concepts of information warfare and show the evolution of the Western concept of WI,resulting from the development of the information society, social-media and the resources by which information warfare is conducted.MethodsThe research method used is a systematic review of Western political science literature, as well as military literature, publications on international relations, international politics, security and cyber security from the perspective of information warfare. Techniques such as analysis of background material, causal analysis and scientific and self-observation in this area were used, taking into account the dynamics of technological and geopolitical changes occurring in the modern information society.ResultsThe analysis made it possible to show the evolution of the Western concept of information warfare and outline the main differences from the concept of information warfare adopted by the Russian Federation. The study also points out the threats to the information society posed by the realities of modern information warfare.ConclusionsThe Western conception of WI differs from that of the Russian Federation, placing the emphasis on WI as technological warfare, while the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China (PRC) place the emphasis on psychological warfare first. This discrepancy could pose a significant threat to the information environment of Western democracies, since the weakest link in the security of not only an information system, but also an information system, is the human being. This is well known not only to hackers, cyber criminals, but also to hostile state or non-state forces that conduct WI against Western countries.
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Tokareva, Tatiana N. "Development of Cognitive Activity of Foreign Students by Reading the Texts of Russian Classics." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 2021, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2021-2-192-204.
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The article examines the problem of foreign high school students living in the territory of the Russian Federation, a stable system of axiological norms and spiritual and moral guidelines of Russian society, the inviolability and correctness of which is proven by centuries-old experience, which captured the best examples of science and art. The need for foreign learners to study works of educational nature is substantiated. The process of understanding Russian culture by foreign students is analyzed as an important part of the educational process, including the study of the rules of communication in a non-native language, as well as the development of communicative competencies focused on the complex and multi-level development of the Russian language. The problem of conformity of artistic texts designed for studying foreign learners, the functions of the best examples of classical literature, is actualized. Understanding the cultural component of education is seen as a way of incorporating foreign citizens into the moral foundations of Russian society, built on the principles of humanism. It is stated that the presence of a role model for the emerging person, that can also be a character of the work as well, that meets the requirements of the best representatives of Russian society to a strong, strong-willed, educated, humane, selfless love for the Fatherland of the personality. The emergence of diverse personalities of foreign high school students is analyzed in the direction of not only education, but also a better understanding of the peculiarities of the Russian language, as well as the cultural identity of Russia by introducing the best examples of art texts. The methodological basis of the work was formed as a result of the complex use of techniques of dialectic, synergies, historical and literary method, content analysis of scientific and literary sources.
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Ермаков, V. Ermakov, Антоненков, Yu Antonenkov, Косолапов, and Vladimir Kosolapov. "Modeling of Acute Medicamental Hepatitis in the Rats." Journal of New Medical Technologies 21, no. 4 (October 8, 2014): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7290.
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End of the twentieth and the beginning of the XXI century in Russia were characterized by profound political and socio-economic changes in all spheres of state and society. This is reflected in medicine, in the article on the basis of literature data and data reporting dental services in the Krasnodar Territory analyzed the state of dental care in this region of the Federation. It is shown that the study of preventive dentistry may complete scientific discovery. Number of people seeking dental care, especially through primary – health centers, and grows up to 25% of the total incidence. Even physicians dentists are among the patients, their colleagues, and the defeat of diseases of the oral cavity is close to 100% coverage among the population. Why it is so necessary preventive techniques presented in the article di-rection, contributing to the improvement of preventive measures.
Special role in the study of dental health plays information about dental education to the public, features of preventive dental techniques people of different ages. Health child and adolescent population is an integral part of public health, as by adding a set of attributes of individual health and integrating socio-economic features of a society, it takes on new features and quality. It is also important to have an idea about the features of the dental health of geriatric age, which constitute a large, all growing part of our population. Level of health of these groups in terms of dentistry not only illustrates the diversity of human exposure to natural, socio-economic and organizational health problems, but also indirectly reflects the health of the nation as a whole. Therefore, it is important to characterize the medical and social factors that influence the health, at least in a particular region of the Russian Federation.
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Popov, V. V., and S. M. Smolev. "The goals of criminal punishment as a reflection of modern criminal policy." Penitentiary Science 14, no. 3 (2020): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2020-14-3-324-330.
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The presented study is devoted to the issues of disclosing the content of the goals of criminal punishment, analyzing the possibilities of their actual achievement in the practical implementation of criminal punishment, determining the political and legal significance of the goals of criminal punishment indicated in the criminal legislation. The purpose of punishment as a definition of criminal legislation was formed relatively recently, despite the fact that theories of criminal punishment and the purposes of its application began to form long before our era. These doctrinal teachings, in essence, boil down to defining two diametrically opposed goals of criminal punishment: retribution and prevention. The state, on the other hand, determines the priority of one or another goal of the punishment assigned for the commission of a crime. The criminal policy of Russia as a whole is focused on mitigating the criminal law impact on the offender. One of the manifestations of this direction is the officially declared humanization of the current criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. However, over the course of several years, the announced “humanization of criminal legislation” has followed the path of amending and supplementing the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: introducing additional opportunities for exemption from criminal liability and punishment, reducing the limits of punishments specified in the sanctions of articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and including in the system of criminal punishments of types of measures that do not imply isolation from society. At the same time the goals of criminal punishment are not legally revised, although the need for such a decision has already matured. Based on consideration of the opinions expressed in the scientific literature regarding the essence of those listed in Part 2 of Art. 43 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the goals of punishment are determined that each of them is subject to reasonable criticism in view of the abstract description or the impossibility of achieving in the process of law enforcement (criminal and penal) activities. This circumstance gives rise to the need to revise the content of the goals of criminal punishment and to determine one priority goal that meets the needs of modern Russian criminal policy. According to the results of the study the conclusion is substantiated that the only purpose of criminal punishment can be considered to ensure proportionality between the severity of the punishment imposed and the social danger (harmfulness) of the crime committed. This approach to determining the purpose of criminal punishment is fully consistent with the trends of modern criminal policy in Russia, since it does not allow the use of measures, the severity of which, in terms of the amount of deprivation and legal restrictions, clearly exceeds the social danger of the committed act. In addition, it is proportionality, not prevention, that underlies justice – one of the fundamental principles of criminal law.
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Pratsko, Gennady Svyatoslavovich. "DIGITALIZATION OF SOCIETY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF NOTARY ACTIVITY." Problemy razvitiya predpriyatii: teoriya i praktika, no. 1-3 (2020): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/itle-11.2020-pp.108.
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Akimova, Tatiana Mikhailovna. "“Narrative” of the women of Burachikha settlement as a source on the history of development of civil society in Vladimir province in the spring of 1917." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 9 (September 2021): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.9.36412.
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This article reviews two documents stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation: “Narrative” of the women of Burachikha settlement (Glumovskaya Volost , Yuryevsky Uyezd of Vladimir Province) and the response of the Moscow Regional Council of the Soviet of Workers’ and Soldiers' Deputies dated by April-May 1917. The “Narrative” reflects the concerns of peasantry, which was the largest social class in Russia of that time: shortage of firewood and food, ongoing World War I, unresolved land issue; confusion with the political changes taking place in the country due to lack of awareness and special literature. The attitude of rural population towards the pre-revolutionary authorities and Provisional Government is described. The document deserves special attention, as it demonstrates the position of women who were first granted the right to vote in the spring of 1917. Moscow Regional Council of Workers' Deputies supported the political activity of female rural population, although did not render any assistance. The conclusion is made that the published texts can be used in studying the development of civil society in provinces after the February Revolution of 1917. The content of these sources is also valuable for the researchers dealing with the gender problems, social history of the first quarter of the XX century, and the history of the February and October Revolutions of 1917.
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Korzhevsky, A. S., V. V. Tolstykh, and I. A. Kopylov. "Modern development of the international system and its impact on the management of the national defense of the Russian Federation." Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2205-02.
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The article analyzes the current state of the system of international relations in the context of the transformation of the modern world order. It is determined that cardinal changes in the system of international relations occur due to the destructive policy of the collective West led by the United States, aimed at maintaining a unipolar world and dominance in the world political process. Under these conditions, the new centers of world development, to which the authors include Russia, China and India, tend to pursue an independent and uncontrolled foreign policy, which is not supported by Washington. It is noted that the confrontation between the leading centers of regional and world development for global leadership is accompanied by the destruction of the architecture of international security and the unleashing of a new arms race. It is stated that during the presidency of D. Trump, the United States, trying to stop the economic development of China, unleashed world sanctions wars, which resumed with the greatest force after the arrival of the new US President D. Biden and the start of a special military operation in Ukraine. It is determined that the sanctions wars gave rise to global risks, to which the authors include the destruction of the institutions of international law, the support of the West for organized transnational criminal groups in the areas of drug traffi cking and the organization of illegal migration, the fi nancing and support of the United States and its allies of terrorist and extremist organizations, radicals and Nazis. Numerous examples of numerous sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation in the political, economic, military, social, legal and other spheres of public life are given, which required the states to coordinate their actions to ensure the national security of the Russian Federation, and the federal executive authorities to develop and apply numerous countermeasures against them. The modern activities of the military-political leadership of the Russian Federation are analyzed, which made it possible to neutralize the main challenges and threats to the Russian state, increase the level of the country's defense capability, and protect the main spheres of public life of Russian society from the destructive impact of foreign policy factors. The results are summed up and the authors make a forecast about the further development of the system of international relations, as well as the place and role of the Russian Federation in them.
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Khotkina, Zoya. "30 years of Russian gender studies: retrospective and perspectives." Woman in russian society, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2020.2.3.
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A retrospective analysis of the thirty-year period (1990—2020) of the formation and development of Russian gender studies is presented, in which identified are three conditional stages, characterized by the originality of the tasks solved and the results achieved, as well as the influence of external contextual factors: the first stage — the period of formation and institutionalization of gender studies in the Russian Academy and higher school, which received in the scientific literature on gender studies the name “gender 90s”, as a reflection of the rapid start of a new scientific direction in the 90s of the XX c.; the second stage — the inclusion of gender studies in the Russian context through the understanding and analysis of Russian material and problems. This stage covers the first decade of the XXI c. (2000—2009), and can be conditionally designated as the period of “transition of quantity into qualityˮ; the third stage — the development of gender in the digital age is associated with the continuation of Russian gender studies in context of digitalization and the emergence of a network society, as the main challenges of the last decade of the XXI c. (2010—2020). Special attention in the article is paid to the modern period, in which the fundamental ideas of gender equality began to be reflected in the changing Russian legislation: in 2018, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation reduces the list and types of work professions prohibited for women from 456 to 100. This is the result of many years of demand from both international and Russian women’s organizations and researchers. 2019 — Russia has resumed work on preparations for the adoption of the federal law “On the fundamentals of the system of prevention of family (domestic) violence in the Russian Federation”. More than 900 thousand people signed a petition on the adoption of the law posted on Runet, while opponents of the law collected only 19 thousand signatures. The article presents the results and outlines promising directions of Russian gender studies, including those related to the emergence of a virtual gender space on the Internet.
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Popovskyi, Anatoliy. "DEGRADATION POWER OF LINGUISTIC CALQUE." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 13(81) (May 26, 2022): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-13(81)-321-324.
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The article highlights the structural-semantic and functional-motivational description of the degradation of the calque element widely used in modern mass media – radio, television, press, office work and everyday speech as diverse representatives of Ukrainian society: radio and TV presenters, scientists, people’s deputies, writers, musicians, athletes, which took root as a result of long assimilation processes, when Ukraine was under the rule of Tsarist Russia, and then the USSR. This linguistic acquisition, due to such conditions, was inherited in the broadcasting of residents of sovereign Ukraine and potentially continues to function in the most influential mass media for the formation of speech culture. Such protracted process of assimilation purification and restoration of the historically established Ukrainian language general literary norms of oral and written speech is due to the reorientation of the Russian-speaking population to the state language of independent Ukraine under martial law with the Russian Federation and the lack of highly intelligent employees of radio and TV channels. And although linguists have prepared and published enough educational and reference literature for the educational process of secondary and higher educational institutions, however, insufficient attention was paid to the issue of clearing assimilative calque elements of the Russian language, especially those that in the context could clearly distinguish semantic concepts about quality, since this word is polysemous. Moreover, mastering the native language in the professional direction with the annual reduction in the number of hours can not give the full and harmonious knowledge of the language culture that every member of the modern spiritually renewed society should receive and improve during their life in order to get rid of those Surzhik twists that have become the chronic speech disease of Ukrainianness, which has won independence and defends it by the power of its freedom-loving word.
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Mkrtchian, Sona Martirosovna. "Criminal legal regulation of the blockchain functioning sphere in Russia: challenges and barriers." SHS Web of Conferences 108 (2021): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110802014.
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Research background. Despite the enormous attention of the scientific community, legislators, and law enforcement officials to the development and implementation of measures to combat cybercrime, the sphere of blockchain functioning and cryptocurrency circulation remains outside the scope of most criminal law research. This causes perplexity in the context of the desire of state bodies to introduce blockchain technology in many significant areas of society, as well as to introduce a regulatory framework dedicated to the issues of private and public legal regulation of digital financial assets. Concerns are also caused by the increase in the number of cybercrimes and the increasing involvement in them of the blockchain technology and virtual currencies, the circulation of which is carried out based on blockchain. The need to study the prospects for criminal law regulation of the blockchain functioning spheres in the territory of the Russian Federation becomes more and more obvious in such conditions. Study objective: to identify and to study the main challenges (problems) for modern criminal law regulation of the blockchain functioning sphere, possible barriers (obstacles) that reduce the effectiveness of such regulation, as well as potential directions for responding to these challenges and overcoming such barriers. Methods: formal legal and comparative legal research methods are widely used in conjunction with systemic, logical, and philological methods of interpreting the norms of law. The empirical part of the study is based on the investigation of judicial and other law enforcement practices, as well as transcripts of meetings of the State Duma of the Russian Federation and information from the media about criminal offenses that have become widespread in the sphere of blockchain functioning. The analysis of modern foreign and Russian scientific literature relevant to the selected research topic is carried out. Results and novelty: it is the first time that comprehensive analysis of the challenges of the current stage of the blockchain functioning sphere development, as well as legislative, law enforcement, doctrinal, and social barriers for creating a system of effective and comprehensive criminal law regulation of the named sphere, is carried out. The author’s concept of the directions of responding to the analyzed challenges and overcoming the corresponding barriers is presented.
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Stankov, Nikolaj. "The everyday life in the Czechoslovak Republic at the beginning of 1920s in the letters of Red Cross mission’s official I. I. Levin." Slavic Almanac, no. 1-2 (2019): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2019.1-2.1.05.
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The Archive of International Politics of the Russian Federation keeps the letters of the Soviet Red Cross official in Prague I. I. Levin to the people’s commissar of foreign affairs of the RSFSR G.V. Chicherin. The letters contain the description of the cross-cultural relations and the social attitudes in the CSR in the beginning of the 1920s. Levin writes in detail how Czech-German contradictions were manifested in the everyday life in the CSR. He also points out the problems in the relations between the Czechs and Slovaks and Rusyns. While noting the widespread antibolshevik views in the Czech society and providing a series of examples for that, at the same time the author of the letters underlines the pragmatism of the Czech businessmen, their interest in developing the trade relations with the Soviet Russia. In the letters a significant attention is dedicated to the literary, theatrical, and musical life of Czechoslovakia. It is evaluated very critically. I. I. Levin said that nothing new was being created, and even it were, it was soaked with a chauvinist feeling. At the same time, new phenomena and achievements of the Czech literature and art of the time are outside of the author’s focus. Levin is treating the everyday life of the inhabitants of Prague from the maximalist position, accusing them of philistinism and provincialism, of the lack of aspirations to lofty ideals. Levin’s letters are a peculiar source for the study of the everyday life in the Czechoslovakia during the first years after the independence and of its perception by the representatives of Soviet Russia.
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Nikiforova, Slavyana. "E-government – a new concept of public administration." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2020, no. 2 (July 21, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2020-2-40-47.
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The article is devoted to issues related to the development of the concept of «e-Government» («e-government») and the concept of e-government as a new approach to public administration. The article analyses the definitions of the concept of «e-Government», which are presented in foreign and domestic literature. all the studied definitions helped to share the concept of e-government in a narrow and broad sense. In the narrow sense, e-government is the use of information and communication technologies in the activities of public authorities or means of communication. In a broad sense, this is a process aimed at changing interactions in the public administration system, the purpose of which is to improve themanagement system, improve the quality of public services and ensure the constitutional rights of citizens.
The article defines the main prerequisites for the emergence of the concept of electronic government, presents the principles and directions of its development: (e-Administration) electronic administration, (e-Citizens) electronic interaction with citizens and the provision of services to the public (e-Services), (e-Society) development information society. The e-government development directions have helped to identify their advantages and disadvantages. The article reveals the regulatory framework and development strategies in the Russian Federation of e-government, digital democracy and the information society. The article analyzes the UN comprehensive indicators characterizing the level of development of e-government, digital democracy and the information society in the countries of the world and the place there of the Russian Federation.
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Pavlisova, Tat'yana Evgen'evna. "Assessment of the regulatory impact in the social sphere of the Russian Federation." Право и политика, no. 5 (May 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2020.5.32644.
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The subject of this research is the existing in the Russian practice procedures for assessment of projects of normative legal acts from the perspective of their impact upon the social sphere. Analysis is conducted on the interconnection between negative social processes in the Russian society, as well as absence of state interest in assessing social impact of various transformations in the social sphere and their normative manifestation. The author examines the approaches towards assessment of regulatory impact that are established in international documents and conserve as a base for developing conceptual foundation and methodology of assessing social influence, as well as principles that need to be places in the basis of assessment of the regulatory impact in the social sphere. The scientific novelty of this study consists in the fact that for the first time in Russian literature the author poses the problem of the need to assess not only the economic, but also social consequences of projects, solutions and their normative expression. An attempt is made to conceptualize the foundation for such assessment and formulate its principles vase on the existing international law.
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Polyarush, Darya Nikolaevna, and Elena Anatolevna Chelak. "Psycholinguistic and linguoculturological aspects of carrying out exam for the status of native speaker of the Russian language for foreign citizens and stateless persons." Филология: научные исследования, no. 12 (December 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.12.34591.
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The subject of this research is psycholinguistic and linguoculturological aspects of the procedures carrying out an exam for the status of “Russian native speaker”. Relevance of this work is substantiated by the need to develop a unified strategy for commissioners in decision-making procedure of recognition of foreign citizens in all regions of the Russian Federation. The research objective is to accelerate unification of the procedure by specifying the requirements for the status of “Russian native speaker”. In substantiation of the term that has descriptive character and is not codified in reference literature, emphasis is placed on the notional, content-related component. An attempt is made to set a requirement that the tasks must correspond to the content of modern representations on history, culture and national values. The examples of tasks with high though-provoking potential that can demonstrate the commonality of cultural and axiological worldview with the Russian society among the applicants for the status of “Russian native speaker”. The examples of practical application of such types of tasks by the authors of this article in terms of sitting of the commission on designation of the status of “Russian native speaker” to foreign citizens or stateless persons in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug –Yugra. The novelty lies in consideration of the concept from the perspective of axiology. The article is first to raise the question on correspondence of not only the level of command of grammatical rules of the language, but also the level of congeniality of the content of answers to the cultural worldview of the Russian society. This research authors can serve as the materials for formation of tasks in all regions of the Russian Federation, and help the applicants to prepare for the procedure.
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VASHCHUK, Angelina S., and Elena N. CHERNOLUTSKAIA. "SOCIAL RESOURCES OF THE PRIMORSKY KRAI FOR SERVICE UNDER THE CONTRACT IN ARMED FORCES OF RUSSIA." Historical and social-educational ideas 11, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2019-11-2-169-187.
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Introduction. The topic of military reform in Russia in the late XX - early XXI centuries is part of the fundamental problem of relations between Russian society and the army. The literature traces different approaches in her research. One of the important areas is the study of the transition to a professional army, which actualizes the problem of the social resources of such a transition, taking into account the characteristics of specific territories. The proposed article discusses the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of social resources of the Primorsky Krai for the formation of contract troops, including the demographic dynamics of the respective age cohorts, attitudes towards this type of professional activity from those who have not yet served youth (for example, students) and those who have experience contract military service.Methods. The empirical basis of the article consists of official documents, statistical data on demographic dynamics, materials of opinion polls of 2017. The study used factor and comparative analysis; in the study of demographic resources - the method of compiling tables, longitudinal and transverse analysis. Conclusions are also obtained on the basis of the application of the questionnaire method.Results. Over the past 10 years after the end of hostilities in Chechnya, a new social and professional group has emerged in the country - peacetime contract servicemen; elements of increased expectations of positive changes in the Russian army are actively forming in Russian society. Nevertheless, the Primorsky Krai remains a territory with a reduced social resource for recruiting young people under contract, which is important to take into account in Russia’s domestic policy. In the foreseeable 20-year term, the reduction in the number of male population suitable for contract service will continue. On the other hand, in Primorye, a low degree of orientation among students towards military service as a form of social mobility remains.Conclusions. Despite the good implementation of recruitment plans for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation under the contract in recent years, the degree of physical and moral readiness of young people for it was insufficient, which entailed a high “turnover” of contract soldiers in the army, the predominance of insufficiently experienced personnel among them. The policy of increasing the prestige of the social and professional status of a contractor, along with measures of material interest, must be supported by in-depth (and not just “parade”) patriotic education and preliminary moral and psychological training for young people. It is the qualitative characteristics that can increase the importance of a social recruitment resource for a contract service and, to a certain extent, compensate for the demographic restrictions in the territories.
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Галустян, Ануш, and Anush Galustyan. "Literary tourism as a factor of intercultural communication (the case of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia)." Services in Russia and abroad 9, no. 5 (March 16, 2015): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17460.
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This article emphasizes the main role and importance of developing and maintaining intercultural relations between states. Intercultural communication appears in all spheres of modern society, being a major factor in the creation of cultural processes. Knowledge of other cultures is the step that allows recognizing the nature of the differences and treating others with a sense of mutual understanding and tolerance. It is necessary for a genuine intercultural dialogue, especially in the tourism industry. The author considers the concept of "cultural values" and "literary tourism"; the role and place of literature in the formation of human consciousness are defined. The author also considers the processes of creating "image" of the territory under the influence of literary tourism and the processes of establishment of inter-cultural and inter-state friendly relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia. The stages of development and strengthening of literary relations between states are characterized in the article. Famous literary figures who contributed significantly to the enrichment of both their national literature, and in the development of relations between the two countries are specified.
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Kolbin, Aleksei S., Dmitriy V. Vlodavets, Aleksei A. Kurylev, Olga Yu Germanenko, and Natalia Yu Kolbina. "Health Technologies Assessment for Orphan Diseases. Example of Social and Economic Burden of Spinal Muscular Atrophy." Pediatric pharmacology 18, no. 5 (December 1, 2021): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/pf.v18i5.2333.
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Background. Studies of the economic impact of disease on society or the social and economic burden, known as developmental disease cost analysis, are equivalent to public health epidemiological studies. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has significant social and economic burden according to various studies.Objective. The aim of the study is to compare Russian and international methodological approaches and results of health technology assessment (HTA) of SMA from the perspective of social and economic burden. Materials and methods. Literature searches were conducted using the Medline, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library databases. Keywords and criteria for inclusion and exclusion have been used. The following parameters were used: costs, year of calculation, assessment method, primary and secondary results, type of economic assessment, perspective, time horizon, intervention, analysis of the sensitivity of the results. Both direct medical and non-medical costs were taken into account, as well as indirect costs.Results. The analysis of SMA burden the USA, Germany, Spain, Australia, France, Great Britain, and the Russian Federation was carried out based on 8 international studies and one Russian study that described the costs of SMA. All costs, including indirect ones, were estimated only in 4 international studies and in Russian one. The main source of information was either patient registers or cross-sectional retrospective studies of patients diagnosed with SMA. The costs were higher for type I SMA in all countries. The highest total SMA costs were in the United States, and the lowest in Russian Federation and Spain. Costs excluded new disease-modifying drugs such as nusinersen, risdiplam, and onasemogen abeparvovec in all conducted studies.Conclusions. The social and economic burden of SMA in Russian Federation in 2020 before the introduction of pathogenetic therapy into practice was 2.38 billion RUR/year. The costs of inpatient treatment and rehabilitation were 30.8 and 32.3% of total costs, respectively. These costs, before the introduction of pathogenetic therapy into practice, are lower than in Western Europe and United States, which is most likely since domestic studies used the standards of primary health care for children with SMA implemented in 2012, as well as low indirect costs for SMA in Russian Federation. Unified methodology for assessing the socio-economic significance of orphan diseases is required to carry out HTA of orphan diseases in Russian Federation. It should be based on domestic registries, otherwise on valid data, including those based on data from real clinical practice (RWD /RWE).
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Gorlova, Anastasia Alekseevna, and Tatyana Nikolaevna Kazankova. "FINANCIAL GUARANTEES OF CITIZENS AND THE INFLUENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ON THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Наука XXI века: актуальные направления развития, no. 1-2 (2021): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/sciencexxi-2021.02-1.2-pp.261.
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Nikolašin, Vladimir, and Biruta Švagždienė. "Развитие экологического туризма в сельской местности с привлечением домашних хозяйств к производству туристского продукта." Laisvalaikio tyrimai 1, no. 1 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/elt.v1i1.185.
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New social-economic circumstances – market relations and stabilization of living level for the larger part of population demanded other attitude to the households, thus why today large attention is paid to the economic and behavioral moments in the research. According to this households are seen as one of the most important subjects in the economy on which results depends the welfare of each family and whole society. Nowadays it is more important than earlier to evaluate the living level and welfare of society in general and as a separate household, their material and social demographical groups. The relevance of the research is based on the growing importance of eco-tourism in the world and in the Russian Federation due to the development of this type of tourism and also due to the level of households economic development in rural area. Scientific innovation. The determination of the most socially and economically important features of households in the development of eco-tourism in rural areas is implemented as methods of adapting to the new conditions, as well as the development of a comprehensive theoretical and practical evidence-based recommendations for the development of the households in rural areas in the market eco-tourism services based on the analysis of economic practices, summarizing the literature, the study of foreign experience, identifying ways and sources of growth in key indicators of tourist activity of households. Practical innovation. Methods and approaches developed in this work could be recommended for use in the formation of regional and local strategic programs for the development of eco-tourism what will promote economic growth and improve the quality of life of the rural population of Russia. Scientific statements, conclusions and recommendations formulated in this work could be used by the executive authorities in the federal, regional and local levels to include complex programs in the development of practical measures in order to improve the quality of life of the rural population and ensure the conditions for a healthy lifestyle. The aim of the study is to develop methodological principles of eco-tourism development strategy in Russia, improving the economic performance of individual regions without alternative opportunities to improve the quality of life of the rural population and the level of environmental culture. Main trend is to improve the structure and efficiency of public investments in market innovations for the development of eco-tourism with the state support.
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Vlasova, M. Yu, A. D. Zikiryakhodzhaev, I. V. Reshetov, A. S. Sukhotko, E. K. Saribekyan, F. N. Usov, I. M. Shirokikh, T. S. Berestok, and A. V. Tregubova. "Prepectoral reconstruction with polyurethane-coated implant after skin-sparing mastectomy in patients with breast cancer." Research and Practical Medicine Journal 7, no. 3 (September 12, 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2020-7-3-6.
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Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in the Russian Federation (RF), accounting for 20.9% of the female population in Russia. The surgery remains the primary treatment for breast cancer. Development and improvement of various options for reconstructive plastic surgery provides medical, psychological and social rehabilitation in patients with breast cancer, allows to achieve the best aesthetic and functional results. The possibility of performing such operations contributes to improving the quality of life of patients. According to ASPS (American Society of Plastic Surgeons), 80% of breast cancer reconstructions in the world are performed using silicone implants. Currently, the return of prepectoral space for placement of endoprostheses during breast reconstruction is trending, which is associated not only with the improvement of mastectomy techniques, but also with the coating of implants and the appearance of silicone highly adhesive gel filling of implants. According to the world literature data, the use of polyurethane-coated endoprostheses for prepectoral/subcutaneous reconstruction reduces the risk of capsular contracture, provides a more reliable fixation to the surrounding tissues, and thus allows breast reconstruction without the need for additional cover of the endoprosthesis. The use of the prepectoral space is characterized by a simpler operation technique compared to the retromuscular placement of the implant, the absence of damage to the large pectoral muscle, minimization of pain, reduction of the bed-day in the hospital and a faster rehabilitation period. So, this type of breast reconstruction can be considered as an alternative to submuscular implant placement in primary operable forms of breast cancer with sufficient thickness of the integumentary tissues.
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Zinovieva, E. S., and V. I. Bulva. "Digital Diplomacy in Russian-European Relations: Cross-Cultural Aspects." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 5, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2021-4-20-30-40.
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The development of information and communication technologies and formation of the global information society actualizes the study of new directions in the evolution of diplomatic practice in the digital environment, including in the context of intercultural communication. The modern information revolution is characterized by the widespread and ever-growing use of social networks, blogs, wiki resources and other media platforms (labelled under the common term of Web 2.0 technologies). At the same time, the widespread use of Web 2.0 technologies and the increasing amount of time people all over the world spend there has a wide and profound impact on political and intercultural communication and diplomatic practice. A new phenomenon of digital diplomacy is gaining prominence among foreign policy tools of states and international organizations. Digital diplomacy can be defined as the use of social networks and Web 2.0 technologies in public diplomacy and international interaction by states and international organizations to achieve foreign policy goals and reach foreign audiences. According to the traditional view of digital diplomacy, which has developed in the academic literature, and is reflected in the works of authors such as M. Castells and J. Nye, it helps to strengthen network ties at the level of civil societies in different countries and thus reduces international conflicts. However, cultural differences and digital polarization can impede the potential of digital diplomacy. Today, almost all states and international organizations in the global arena are involved in the practice of digital diplomacy, and Russia is no exception. Russia actively participates in the digital diplomacy practice, by using social media and Web 2.0 tools as soft power instruments to introduce and explain foreign policy initiatives and reach foreign and domestic audiences, as stated in the Doctrine of the Information Security of Russian Federation of 2016. For Russia's foreign policy, relations with the EU countries and EU institutions are of particular importance, including in the digital sphere. However, even though both Russia and the EU countries make extensive use of digital diplomacy tools, the practice of horizontal network interaction mediated by digital technologies does not contribute to strengthening trust between countries and reducing conflicts. The authors consider incidents and allegations in the sphere of digital interaction and, based on the theory of digital polarization, conclude that the use of digital tools in horizontal interactions within digital diplomacy exacerbates intercultural differences between countries and increases conflict instead of improving mutual understanding.
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Safonov, A. L., A. V. Ragozin, and S. A. Glazunova. "PERSONNEL POTENTIAL OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ISSUES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS." Social & labor researches 49, no. 4 (2022): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.34022/2658-3712-2022-49-4-89-100.
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The problems of staffing the Russian healthcare system, the impact of the general level of financing, the wage reform, and the level of professional training on the employment dynamics of doctors, mid-level and junior healthcare personnel are considered. The purpose of the paper is to identify the main trends in the field of staffing in the industry and to assess the degree of influence on healthcare workers of factors related to the size of government spending and the effectiveness of the remuneration system. The study was conducted using methods of statistical and content analysis of regulatory documents, scientific literature and Internet sources. The novelty of the study consists in observing the cyclical nature of employment in the healthcare sector in the period 1990-2020, which had peaks of employment growth during periods of increased labor costs and peaks of decline during periods of economic crises. According to the results of the study, the influence of employment conditions and the amount of government spending on changes in the level of employment in healthcare has been established. Conclusions are drawn about the relevance of salary increases and standardization of incentive payments and allowances to healthcare workers, the transition to direct budget financing of the industry. In practice, the obtained research results can be used to improve the system of remuneration and management of human resources in healthcare in the context of the current needs of society.
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Nurmagambetov, Rashit G., and Valeriy S. Popov. "General theoretical problems of determining the object of constitutional regulation of public relations and its types in the Russian Federation." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 4 (2019): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-4-180-185.
Full textAbstract:
A theoretical and legal study of problematic issues concerning the subject of constitutional regulation is important for the science of constitutional law, and it allows to eliminate the prevailing uncertainty in this matter. As a result of a theoretical analysis of scientists' points of view, the author comes to the conclusion that in its root essence the expediency of addressing the issue of the subject of constitutional regulation is explained by the uncertainty in understanding the essence of the analysed concept in the legal literature. The author believes that the "object of constitutional regulation" and "the subject of constitutional regulation" are different concepts with common ground. The author’s position is proposed to include the principles of constitutional law, the benefits of tangible and intangible nature, digital values of the individual, society and the state, including human and civil rights and freedoms, sovereignty and independence of state power, legal interests, – in the category "object of constitutional regulation". It is they which characterise the special sphere of relations, the sphere of constitutional influence, precisely revealing the content of the "object of constitutional regulation", its volume.
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Dedov, Ivan I., Marina V. Shestakova, Aleksandr Y. Mayorov, Olga K. Vikulova, Gagik R. Galstyan, Tamara L. Kuraeva, Valentina A. Peterkova, et al. "Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 9th edition." Diabetes mellitus 22, no. 1S1 (December 3, 2019): 1–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm12211.
Full textAbstract:
Dear Colleagues!
We are glad to present the 9th Edition (revised) of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation.
The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2018, 2019), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2019), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014, 2018) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the Standards also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EXAMINE, ELIXA, SUSTAIN, DEVOTE, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, DECLARE, CARMELINA, REWIND, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals.
Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 463 million patients by the end of 2019. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 578 million patients will be suffering from diabetes mellitus by by 2030 and 700 million by 2045.
Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4 584 575 patients with DM in this country by the end of 2018 (3,1% of population) with 92% (4 238 503) Type 2 DM, 6% (256 202) Type 1 DM and 2% (89 870) other types of DM, including 8 006 women with gestational DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) con- firmed that only 54% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real number of patients with DM in Russia is 9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they dont receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications.
Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death.
In сurrent edition of the Standards:
New goals of glycemic control for the elderly, based on the presence of functional dependence, as well as for pregnant women, children and adolescents, are given.
Added a snippet that describes the continuous glucose monitoring.
Only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is used as a target for lipid metabolism.
Proposes more stringent target levels of blood pressure.
It also features updated guidelines on stratification of treatment in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes: the excess of the initial level of HbA1c over the target level was used as a criterion.
In the recommendations for the personalization of the choice of antidiabetic agents, it is taken into account that in certain clinical situations (the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, the risk of hypoglycemia) certain classes of hypoglycemic agents (or individual drugs) have proven advantages.
Recommendations for psychosocial support are added.
The position of metabolic surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbid obesity is updated.
Recommendations for diagnostic and treatment of hypogonadism syndrome in men with DM are added.
For the first time, evidence levels of confidence and credibility levels of recommendations for diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive interventions based on a systematic review of the literature are given in accordance with the recommendations of the Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discus- sions held at national meetings and forums.
These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists, primary care physicians and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of DM.
On behalf of the Working Group
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Dedov, Ivan I., Marina V. Shestakova, Aleksandr Y. Mayorov, Olga K. Vikulova, Gagik R. Galstyan, Tamara L. Kuraeva, Valentina A. Peterkova, et al. "Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A.Yu. 9th edition." Diabetes mellitus 22, no. 1S1 (December 3, 2019): 1–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm221s1.
Full textAbstract:
Dear Colleagues!
We are glad to present the 9th Edition (revised) of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation.
The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2018, 2019), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2019), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014, 2018) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the Standards also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EXAMINE, ELIXA, SUSTAIN, DEVOTE, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, DECLARE, CARMELINA, REWIND, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals.
Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 463 million patients by the end of 2019. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 578 million patients will be suffering from diabetes mellitus by by 2030 and 700 million by 2045.
Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4 584 575 patients with DM in this country by the end of 2018 (3,1% of population) with 92% (4 238 503) Type 2 DM, 6% (256 202) Type 1 DM and 2% (89 870) other types of DM, including 8 006 women with gestational DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) con- firmed that only 54% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real number of patients with DM in Russia is 9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they dont receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications.
Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death.
In сurrent edition of the Standards:
New goals of glycemic control for the elderly, based on the presence of functional dependence, as well as for pregnant women, children and adolescents, are given.
Added a snippet that describes the continuous glucose monitoring.
Only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is used as a target for lipid metabolism.
Proposes more stringent target levels of blood pressure.
It also features updated guidelines on stratification of treatment in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes: the excess of the initial level of HbA1c over the target level was used as a criterion.
In the recommendations for the personalization of the choice of antidiabetic agents, it is taken into account that in certain clinical situations (the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors, chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, obesity, the risk of hypoglycemia) certain classes of hypoglycemic agents (or individual drugs) have proven advantages.
Recommendations for psychosocial support are added.
The position of metabolic surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbid obesity is updated.
Recommendations for diagnostic and treatment of hypogonadism syndrome in men with DM are added.
For the first time, evidence levels of confidence and credibility levels of recommendations for diagnostic, therapeutic, rehabilitative and preventive interventions based on a systematic review of the literature are given in accordance with the recommendations of the Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discus- sions held at national meetings and forums.
These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists, primary care physicians and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of DM.
On behalf of the Working Group
40
BAGDASARYAN, Vardan E., Nataliya M. KOMAROVA, Tatyana F. SUSLOVA, and Albina A. NESTEROVA. "STRATEGIES OF DIASPORA ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF ADAPTATION OF CHILDREN FROM MIGRANT FAMILIES." Historical and social-educational ideas 10, no. 6/1 (January 18, 2019): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2018-10-6/1-65-77.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with the activities of Diaspora organizations as a potential subject of adaptation of children from migrant families in the Russian socio-cultural environment. The work is based on the materials of Diaspora organizations and schools with ethno-cultural component. Migration strategies are correlated with the four main models of migration policy – assimilation, segregation, marginalization and integration. According to the authors ' findings, the priority for Diaspora organizations is to establish the preservation of the ethnic identity of migrant children, rather than their adaptation to the Russian civil society. There is also a priority orientation to the States of immigration departure in educational and educational work with young people, while the orientation to the Russian Federation is secondary, and in some cases – the attitude to it is built through latent hostility. The authors associate the way out of the conflict with the integration model of migration policy, which implies the formation of a two-level identity system for migrants. Despite the obvious role potential of Diaspora organizations in the adaptation of migrant children as an independent research problem, this topic has not been directly raised in the national scientific literature, which necessitates scientific work in this area.
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MATVEEV, EVGENY. "«SOMETHING IS NOT COMING OUT FOR ME ON A WELL-DESERVED REST OF THE CALM LIFE»: LETTERS FROM A PASSIONATE BOOK LOVER TO THE LEADERSHIP OF THE ALL-UNION SOCIETY OF BOOK LOVERS." Культурный код, no. 2022-3 (2022): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2022-3-140-150.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the correspondence of A. L., a member of the All-Union Society of Book Lovers, a pensioner from the city of Syktyvkar with the leadership of the organization. This is the longest exchange of letters, traces of which have been preserved in the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the language, the content priorities of the addressee in the context of public policy, the reaction of the bureaucracy of the organization allows us to conclude that the public structure was not ready for activism aimed not at obtaining preferences in the space of a deficient reading culture, but at fulfilling the statutory provisions on the part of the officials of the All-Union Society of Book Lovers and other authorities in the field of reading.
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Shatskaya, Ekaterina Aleksandrovna. "Formation of a social portrait of a police officer of the Russian Federation at the present stage." Полицейская деятельность, no. 3 (March 2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0692.2022.3.37613.
Full textAbstract:
In the last decade, interest in the image of a police officer has been increasing. The ongoing changes affect all spheres of life of modern society, the public perception of the police is also changing, which also actualizes the topic under consideration. The term "social portrait" or "sociological portrait" appears quite often in the scientific literature. However, a number of studies have not even attempted to justify the need for the use of this term in any way. In principle, this term was also not deterministic in a practice-oriented environment. The absence of a methodological description is characteristic not only for modern researchers, but also for Soviet scientists who quite often used the term "social portrait", meaning by it some abstract generalized characteristic of a certain social class. The object of the study is the social portrait of a police officer. The subject of the study is the basic components that influence the formation of a social portrait of a police officer. The goal-setting of the formation of a social portrait at the present stage is determined by the attitude of police officers to their professional activities, promotion, the socio-psychological atmosphere within the team, the attitude of police officers to family and marriage, money and recreation. The scientific novelty lies in the proposed approach to the formation of a social portrait of a police officer, the peculiarity of which is the definition of basic components that allow identifying the characteristic features of this social group. The main methods of obtaining information can be a questionnaire survey, interviews, content analysis. The practical significance lies in the fact that the information obtained can be used in scientific, pedagogical, practical work when considering issues related to the formation of personnel and reserve, training of employees according to professional training programs, moral and psychological support, social guarantees, etc.
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Nikitenko, Elena. "Non-Wood Forest Resources: Significance and Problems of Resource Potential Assessment in the Framework of Sustainable Forest Management." Bulletin of Baikal State University 31, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2021.31(1).109-116.
Full textAbstract:
In the world practice, legislative and scientific literature, the concept of «non-wood forest resources» is widely and comprehensively used. In this regard, the article clarifies the concept. The issues of the significance of these resources for society in obtaining various benefits, resource potential for regions involved in economic relations, in increasing the revenue base of the regional budget, and the need for its assessment are considered. The problems of assessing the resource potential of non-wood forest resources that arose at the level of legislative regulation of normative legal documents: the Forest Code of the Russian Federation and forest management documents are considered. Their imperfection and paradoxical situation of discrepancy between some provisions of normative documents are noted. The reasons that block sustainable forestry and forest management in solving the problem of conducting and obtaining an assessment of the resource potential of non-wood resources are identified. The necessity of further sustainable use of the forest resource potential of wild plants as a factor of life support of society, development of forest territories and effective forest management is substantiated. Proposals were made to address the problematic issues of assessing and obtaining statistical data on the resource potential of non-wood forest resources.
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Kostrykina, Viktoriya Vital'evna. "Features of corruption in commercial organizations: criminological aspect." Право и политика, no. 8 (August 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2022.8.38531.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the study are: the provisions of the current national legislation regulating legal relations in organizations; generally recognized principles and norms of international law in the field of combating corruption; the provisions of the current anti-corruption legislation and other by-laws of the Russian Federation; norms establishing legal responsibility for corruption offenses in organizations; scientific works on these issues; information from the media; judicial practice. Dialectical, system-structural, formal-logical and other methods of scientific cognition were used in the work. The purpose of the study is to substantiate corruption in commercial organizations as an independent criminological system-structural phenomenon. Organizations carry out their activities in various spheres of society, be it social, economic, political, spiritual and others. Corruption in commercial organizations is a high public danger, since it encroaches both on the normal activities of commercial organizations themselves and on the interests of the state, society and individual citizens. In the scientific literature, a significant number of scientific papers are devoted to various aspects of corruption in this area. At the same time, the question of the socio-legal characteristics of this type of corruption for the domestic legal doctrine remains open today. The article discusses the main signs of corruption in commercial organizations, as well as its features.
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Simonova, Oksana, Valentina Barashyan, Artem Gampartsumov, and Maria Khlebnikova. "The application of reality simulators for improving the education quality at universities." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312081.
Full textAbstract:
The article touches upon the problem of necessity to change pedagogical methods and technologies in high school education that are determined by the changes in modern society. The authors point out that the up-to-date society is deeply plunged into digital technologies and the reality is that methods being used in education cannot meet the requirements of the present. In this regard the authors speculate that application of digital technologies, namely laboratory facilities of virtual reality in training process of technical university students is able to improve the education quality. The goal of this research is to prove this theory. The authors give a thorough comparative analysis of academic literature that describes the existing virtual reality facilities which are widely used in higher educational establishments of transport abroad as well as in the Russian Federation. The typology of training facilities is given in the article, all advantages and drawbacks of digital technologies concerning the virtual reality on the example of reality simulators railway complexes have been described. With the help of statistic data processing methods that have been obtained by the experimental way the authors have proved that the application of reality simulators laboratory facilities can improve the quality of training at technical higher educational establishments.
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Mihaylova, Tat'yana, and Inna Balashkevich. "Dependence of the management style of the head of the internal affairs body on its gender characteristics." Applied psychology and pedagogy 6, no. 4 (October 4, 2021): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2500-0543-2021-6-4-227-237.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the stereotypes associated with the already existing and well - established gender roles in modern society- the distribution of certain official duties between persons of different sexes. The analysis of distinctive features of male and female management styles is given. The author notes that despite the existence of the job description, according to which the head performs his functions, his style of work always bears a unique imprint of his personality. The research urgency is caused by the fact that the study of the dependence of the management style of the head of the police Department from its gender features will formulate ways to improve the management efficiency of the heads of the police Department. The object of the study is the management styles of the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs. The subject of the study is the influence of the gender characteristics of the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs on the choice of management style. Research methods: analysis and systematization of scientific and psychological literature on the subject of research; general scientific methods of cognition (theoretical analysis, generalization, synthesis); monitoring; testing of heads of divisions of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation; statistical methods of processing the received data. The respondents were the heads of departments of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the number of 42 people, including 24 men and 18 women. The scientific novelty of the study is to expand, supplement and clarify the scientific views on the dependence of the management style of the head of the Department of Internal Affairs on his gender characteristics. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used by psychologists of moral and psychological support units, teachers of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, in order to further develop and improve the system of psychological support for the heads of the Department of Internal Affairs.
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Джабраилов, Юсуп Джабраилович. "ETHNOCULTURAL INEQUALITY IN THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF DAGESTANI YOUTH AND PROSPECTS FOR CIVIL CONSOLIDATION." Вестник Адыгейского государственного университета, серия «Регионоведение», no. 3(284) (January 13, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53598/2410-3691-2021-3-284-61-71.
Full textAbstract:
В статье рассматривается проблема этнокультурного неравенства в научной литературе и в массовом сознании студенческой молодежи Республики Дагестан в контексте гражданской идентификации. На основе анализа социологического исследования, проведенного автором в 2021 г., выявляется корреляционная зависимость между восприятием точек зрений о нарушении или обеспечении этнорелигиозного паритета в России и уровнем гражданской идентификации. Авторская точка зрения заключается в том, что сложность для гражданской интеграции современного российского общества представляет не «множество идентичностей» россиян, сколько их неравномерное положение в социально-политической структуре российского государства. Автор делает упор на важности формирования гражданской нации как надэтнической и надрелигиозной формации, но подчеркивает преждевременность успеха данного процесса без равноправия при учете этнокультурных особенностей российских народов. В связи с чем делается вывод о необходимости создания механизма согласования интересов этнических и религиозных сообществ в субъектах Российской Федерации в целях повышения гражданской идентичности населения, так как, по мнению автора, обеспечение условий для развития этнокультурных особенностей людей повышает чувство их гражданской лояльности, создает предпосылки к открытости и терпимости к представителям иных этнокультурных традиций. The paper deals with the problem of ethnocultural inequality in the scientific literature and in the mass consciousness of the students of the Republic of Dagestan in the context of civil identification. Based on the analysis of a sociological study conducted by the author in 2021, the publication reveals a correlation between the perception of points of view about the violation or maintenance of ethno-religious parity in Russia and the level of civil identification. The author's point of view is that the difficulty for the civil integration of modern Russian society is not the "set of identities" of Russians, but rather their uneven position in the socio-political structure of the Russian state. The author emphasizes the importance of forming a civil nation as a supra-ethnic and supra-religious formation, but emphasizes the prematurity of the success of this process without equality, taking into account the ethno-cultural characteristics of the Russian peoples. In this connection, it is concluded that it is necessary to create a mechanism for coordinating the interests of ethnic and religious communities in the subjects of the Russian Federation in order to increase the civil identity of the population. Since, according to the author, providing conditions for the development of ethno-cultural characteristics of people increases the sense of their civic loyalty, creates prerequisites for openness and tolerance to representatives of other ethno-cultural traditions.
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Yuldashev, M. Ja, A. I. Ivanchenko, and O. A. Kulikova. "Attitudes of representatives of major religious movements towards the digitalisation of religion." Vestnik Universiteta 1, no. 11 (December 26, 2022): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2022-11-214-221.
Full textAbstract:
The Internet has become an integral part of the modern society. It has a strong influence on the social institutions and makes them adapt to the new conditions of the digital environment. Religion is not an exception despite its inherent resistance to change; such an ancient social construct was also forced to enter the process of digitalisation. The article reflects the peculiarities of this process: it analyses the activities of various religious movements in the Russian Federation in the digital environment and reveals the attitude of religious representatives (official and unofficial) to the process of adapting religion to the digital environment. The scholarly literature on the digitalisation of religion was analysed and the problematic aspects of this process were identified. A content analysis of the Internet communities and resources of the main traditional (Orthodoxy, Islam and Judaism) and non-traditional religious teachings (Neopaganism and Satanism)was carried out. We identified the attitude of religious representatives to the digitalisation of religion. We conducted an expert interview with bloggers whose activities are related to the dissemination of religious views on the Internet.
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Bakradze, Andrei Anatol'evich, Dmitry Olegovich Belov, and Aleksandr Nikolaevich Kalinin. "On the constitutionality of the ban on the use of the Internet by a suspect or accused." Юридические исследования, no. 3 (March 2022): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2022.3.37644.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the theoretical and applied problems of the prohibition of the use of the information and telecommunications network "Internet" by a suspect or accused when choosing a preventive measure in the form of a ban on certain actions, bail or house arrest; analyzes, in connection with the fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen, the changes introduced by Federal Law No. 72-FZ of 18.04.2018 changes in The Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation; thematic judicial practice is given; legal solutions aimed at optimizing the current legislation and the practice of its application are proposed, while legal issues are correlated with the role of the Internet in modern society and human life. According to the results of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the legal stereotypes that have existed for a long time about the inseparable connection of the restriction of the constitutional right to freedom when placed under house arrest with other restrictions of constitutional rights, although not explicitly specified in the law, are actually applied to a suspect or accused under house arrest. Among such restrictions, we will find, for example, a ban on performing labor (official) duties, searching for and receiving information, various types of creative activity (literature, painting, science, technology, etc.). These restrictions could have been formed only in a "pre-digital" society and therefore require revision.
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Gryaznova, E. V., and A. G. Goncharuk. "Theology as a scientific specialty of the master’s degree: problems and solution prospects." Vestnik of Minin University 7, no. 3 (August 10, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2019-7-3-1.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The entry of theology into the educational sphere of modern Russia should already be considered as an accomplished fact, the fact is both academic and legal. Theology is included in the nomenclature of specialties of academic scientists of the Russian Federation, the passport of a scientific specialty is approved, in particular, "Orthodox Theology" (specialty code: 26.00.01), the work is in progress to open the corresponding dissertation council. In 48 higher educational institutions of the country, structural subdivisions of higher education institutions were opened, aimed at implementing teaching in this area.A preliminary analysis of the existing master’s degree programs in theology showed that most of them are aimed at training theologians, religious scholars, art historians, experts, educators, teachers, counselors, social specialists, church officials, etc.This article substantiates the relevance of introducing an alternative master's degree program in theology, developed at the Department of Philosophy and Theology at Minin University. The peculiarity of the program is that it does not give up the specifics of religious studies and the philosophy of religion that should be present in theological education, being its base. It is aimed at developing undergraduate competencies of research activities based on fundamental theological knowledge, the level and content of which is set by the development of science and technology of modern society. In addition, the program provides for the solution of three main problems caused by contradictions in the culture of the modern information society: 1) formation of the axiological subsystem of the culture of the modern young scientist based on traditional Christian values; 2) training of theologians who are able to participate in the development and teaching of theological disciplines at various levels and forms of education (supplementary, vocational, continuous, etc.); 3) integration of secular and religious education based on the research activities of the university.Materials and methods: in the course of writing the article, empirical and theoretical methods of research on these problems were used, in particular: a dialysis method, a synthesis of practical learning experience, an analysis of educational and methodical and scientific literature, a method of historical comparison, a prognostic method.Results: an analysis of existing master's degree programs in theology revealed that it is necessary to develop concepts for this type of education based on the integration of secular and religious education, rather than pushing out one another. The proposed model of the Master’s degree program in Theology and the “Orthodox Theology” training profile, which has been introduced at Minin University since 2019, is built on this principle. Its introduction is relevant because it is aimed at solving the main problems caused by the contradictions of modern information culture in society.Discussion and conclusions: taking into consideration the development trends of Russian society in general and the sphere of domestic education in particular, the tendencies to an ever greater “turn” in the direction of traditional religious values can be traced. In this regard, the Russian pedagogical community is experiencing the need to train qualified personnel who professionally combine pedagogical methods and research competencies related to theological issues. It is necessary to continue working to increase the number of specialists, in particular, at the level of the magistracy, who are able not only to orient themselves in the basics of world religions, but also to professionally train these competencies the future young teachers who are able to instill in the younger generation basic moral values, to conduct promising research and development educational activities that meet the requirements of the information society.