Academic literature on the topic 'Literature and society – great britain – history'
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Journal articles on the topic "Literature and society – great britain – history"
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Lyons, Gene M. "The Study of International Relations in Great Britain: Further Connections." World Politics 38, no. 4 (July 1986): 626–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2010170.
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Aside from language, students of international relations in the United States and Great Britain have several things in common: parallel developments in the emergence of international relations as a field of study after World War I, and more recent efforts to broaden the field by drawing security issues and changes in the international political economy under the broad umbrella of “international studies.” But a review of four recent books edited by British scholars demonstrates that there is also a “distance” between British and American scholarship. Compared with dominant trends in the United States, the former, though hardly monolithic and producing a rich and varied literature, is still very much attached to historical analysis and the concept of an “international society” that derives from the period in modern history in which Britain played a more prominent role in international politics. Because trends in scholarship do, in fact, reflect national political experience, the need continues for transnational cooperation among scholars in the quest for strong theories in international relations.
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Lutsenko, Nazarii. "FUNDAMENTAL INDICATION OF THE «SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP» BETWEEN THE USA AND GREAT BRITAIN." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 16 (2023): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2023.16.5.
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The aim of this article is to shed light on the phenomenon of «special relations» between the United States of America and Great Britain. Despite the fact that the topic gained considerable attention in the academic literature and the term «special relations» is applied to different states and regions, it is necessary to understand its origins. The purpose of the article is to investigate the phenomenon of American-British relations, to analyze the historical and political view of the problem, and to formulate the characteristics of the relations between the United States and the United Kingdom. Chronological limits are determined by the first mention of the term in 1946 and the presidential term of D.Trump, who managed the office in 2017–2021. Methodology of the article. Hypotheses were tested through historiographical analysis and the historical-comparative method were used to analyze published studies on the history of «special relations». The scientific novelty of the study consists in determining the peculiarities of relations between the United States and Great Britain during the tenure of Donald Trump. Therefore, the «special relationship» is a unique historically formed complex of interaction between the USA and Great Britain, which is manifested in various spheres of public life: political (to have an opportunity for better implementation of their own foreign policy), military (the USA and the United Kingdom have an unprecedented level of mutual trust and cooperation in the field of intelligence and nuclear programs), cultural (the historical memory of both nations makes American and British society sensitive to the problems of their «English-speaking neighbours»). We consider it necessary to highlight the following features of American-British relations:the long-term historical interaction that brought the two nations closer together and laid the foundation for relations between the United States and Great Britain; the common ideology of liberalism; cooperation provides an opportunity to better implement one’s own foreign policy; close relations between political figures of states; relations are characterized by periodic «approaching and distancing», which create new challenges for the allies. Each of these features is traced in the relations between the USA and Great Britain and during the administration of Donald Trump. Both states faced a number of challenges in international politics, due to the crisis state of the modern system of international relations. The governments of the United States and the United Kingdom have demonstrated the ability to compromise in critical situations, that proves the uniqueness of such an alliance.
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Kelsall, Frank. "Not as Ugly as Stonehenge: Architecture and History in the First Lists of Historic Buildings." Architectural History 52 (2009): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00004135.
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Four years ago Peter Draper, as your recently retired president, described his lecture as valedictory and therefore self-indulgent in its choice of topic. What a useful precedent. I hope I am not over self-indulgent to the extent of being too autobiographical, but the subject does relate to my personal experience of the practice of architectural history in the conservation of historic buildings. The history of building conservation is now developing its own quite substantial literature to which this is a small contribution. To some extent this lecture is as much about bureaucracy as about architecture, for much of my life has been spent as an official in the public service. But, so that the lecture is properly historical, most of what I will talk about happened before I was involved.One major difference between the British and American Societies of Architectural Historians is that the American Society has always involved itself in building preservation issues, whereas the Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain does not. This recognizes the different circumstances in each country. In Great Britain we have many amenity societies directed to conservation matters; most of us will belong to one or more of them and they are centres of quite extraordinary expertise. But in view of what I will say later, it is notable that in an account of a meeting in March 1941 in Washington, reported in the first volume of the American Society’s journal, Henry-Russell Hitchcock commented on the merits of the Historic American Buildings Survey, but added that selections by local groups often lacked historical perspective and ignored anything later than the Greek Revival; that there was excessive preservation of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century houses in New England without regard to architectural merit; and that primary monuments of modern architectural history were wantonly destroyed. As concerns the latter, he cited, among others, Richardson’s Marshall Field Warehouse, and a threat to Wright’s Robie House. The representative of the National Parks Service said that 1870 was about the date limit for a building to be regarded as of interest, though the Vanderbilt House of 1895 had recently been acquired, and that attention was also being paid to groups of buildings.
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Renshaw, Daniel. "Monsters in the Capital: Helen Vaughan, Count Dracula and Demographic Fears in fin-de-siècle London." Gothic Studies 22, no. 2 (July 2020): 148–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gothic.2020.0046.
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This article examines the confluence of fears of demographic change occasioned by Jewish migration to Britain between 1881 and 1905 with two key gothic texts of the period – Arthur Machen's The Great God Pan (1894) and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897). The descriptions of the activities of the demonic protagonists Helen Vaughan and Count Dracula in London will be compared with contemporary depictions of Jewish settlement by leading anti-migrant polemicists. Firstly, it will consider the trope of settlement as a preconceived plan being put into effect directed against ‘Anglo-Saxon’ English society. Secondly, it will look at ideas of the contested racial inferiority or superiority of the ‘other’. Thirdly, the article will examine the imputed chameleonic natures of both gothic monsters and Jews rising up the metropolitan social scale. The article will conclude by comparing the way Machen's and Stoker's protagonists deal with their opponents with posited ‘solutions’ for the Eastern European immigration ‘problem’.
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Норец, М. В., and Н. Н. Кислицына. "The theme of civilization crisis in the short story "England, My England" by D. H. Lawrence." Cherepovets State University Bulletin, no. 1(112) (February 15, 2023): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/1994-0637-2023-1-112-13.
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Раскрытию проблемы разрушения цивилизации посвящена новелла Д. Г. Лоуренса “England, My England”. Поиск направлений самоопределения в литературе встречается довольно часто: личностного самоопределения, себя в этом мире и идеального общества. Новелла Д. Г. Лоуренса “England, My England” была написана автором в тяжелые времена Британской истории: Первая мировая война, разруха и бедность населения, формирование Соединенного Королевства Великобритании и Северной Ирландии. Все эти процессы волновали не только историков и политологов, а также нашли свое отражение в литературе этого периода. D. H. Lawrence's short story "England, My England" considers the problem of the civilization destruction. The search for directions of self-determination in literature is quite common: personal self-determination, finding oneself in this world and an ideal society. D. H. Lawrence's short story "England, My England" was written by the author during the difficult times of British history: the First World War, devastation and poverty of the population, the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. All these processes were of concern not only to historians and political scientists, but were also reflected in the literature of this period.
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Trigg, Christopher. "Thomas Prince’s Travels and the Invention of Britain." Early American Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 21, no. 4 (September 2023): 507–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eam.2023.a912120.
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ABSTRACT: From 1709 to 1711, Thomas Prince (1687–1758), recent Harvard graduate and future minister of Boston’s Old South Church, traveled between Boston, Barbados, and London. His travel journal (now in the collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society) excerpted passages from English poetry and popular song from the previous five decades. By transcribing the works of a politically and religiously diverse range of authors (Whig and Tory, Nonconformist and Anglican), Prince made the case for a tolerant, patriotic, and cosmopolitan Britishness. In late February and early March 1710, while Prince was in London, Anglican minister Henry Sacheverell was impeached by Parliament for preaching a sermon questioning Nonconformists’ loyalty. During his trial, anti-Dissenter rioting broke out in London and spread across England and Wales. As Prince transcribed poems for and against Sacheverell, he bemoaned the factional contention that was undermining British unity. In the middle of the nineteenth century, Chandler Robbins Gilman and Chandler Robbins, both great-grandnephews of Prince, incorporated brief excerpts from his travel journal in fictional tales and sketches. Gilman and Robbins used these fragments to symbolize the cultural continuity between England, New England, and the United States, overlooking the contingency and fragility of British identity in Prince’s account.
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Merenkova, Olga N., and Igor Yu Kotin. "Problems of British Bangladeshis’ Adaptations." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 13, no. 3 (2021): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.302.
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The novel Brick Lane by British writer Monica Ali provides a vivid sketch of the life of Bangladeshis both at home and in London, where the largest community of people from Bangladesh lives outside South Asia, primarily natives of Sylhet County. The book got its name due to the street, which has become a distinctive center of concentration for Bengalis in the capital of Great Britain. Ali’s novel Brick Lane can be regarded as a source on the recent history and ethnography of Great Britain and Bangladesh. The novel examines the peculiarities of the acculturation of Bengalis in England, identifies the points of conflicts between the host society and migrants, the growth of domestic racism in the place of concentration of migrants perceived as outsiders and the threat to traditional British values. The main characters of the novel — spouses Chanu and Nazneen, as well as their daughters — found themselves at the junction of two worlds: the European metropolis and the Asian rural hinterland. The work also depicts the conflict between representatives of different generations: between labor migrants, who arrived in England twenty or thirty years ago, recently arrived migrants and between descendants of migrants born in London who consider England as their homeland and Bangladesh as a distant country. Ali in her novel describes options for a way out of the conflict of civilizations in which the main characters were involved. Shanu, unable to achieve career growth and improve his social status, decided to leave London, while Nazneen and their daughters preferred to remain in the city.
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BUSHUEVA, ELVIRA V., TATYANA I. DIANOVA, OLGA N. IVANOVA, LYUDMILA I. GERASIMOVA, ANDREY G. PETROV, and IRINA D. SITDIKOVA. "HISTORY AND REALITY OF APPLICATION THE 6 MINUTE WALK TEST IN CHILDREN." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 16, no. 2 (April 2023): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2023.16(2).72-79.
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ntroduction. The application of the 6-minute walk test to assess the functional status of a patient is a safe, simple and easily accessible method in assessing the patient’s functional abilities, the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation and the prognosis of various diseases. Aim. TTo analyze the scientific medical literature containing the application of the 6-minute walk test in assessing the functional status of children and adolescents. Material and methods. The test was first described in 1963 in adult patients with diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, with subsequent improvements the test was used in patients with heart disease and became a simple objective indicator of functional physical performance. After the adoption of the standards for the 6-minute walk test by the American Thoracic Society jointly with the European Respiratory Society (2002), widespread application began not only in patients, but also in healthy adults. For the first time, the 6-minute walk test among healthy children was conducted in 2005 in China, later control test values, percentile curves, reference equations and formulas were presented by Austria, Great Britain, the USA, etc. Scientists confirmed the safety and simplicity of the 6-minute walk test, proved a high correlation of the test with gender, height, age, weight, body mass index, pulse and blood pressure, arm span, etc. They proved that the ethnicity and geographical differences of the subjects are very important indicators that affect the test results. In the Russian Federation, the implementation of the 6-minute walk test is limited to sick children and regulatory values, and we have not found reference formulas. Conclusion. The reference values obtained for the 6-minute walk test in healthy children in one country should not be used for children in other countries, since the analysis showed a significant difference in the control values of the distance traveled.
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Pedraza-Bailey, Silvia. "Immigration Research: A Conceptual Map." Social Science History 14, no. 1 (1990): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200020642.
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A veritable boom in immigration research has taken place in the last 15 years. The purpose of this article is to provide a conceptual map, a way of presenting the issues and approaches that pertain to the topic, to guide us through the vast territory immigration research now encompasses. As this boundless growth in immigration research has occurred across the social sciences, this review of the literature is not intended to be exhaustive but merely illustrative of what sociologists, historians, and anthropologists have contributed. Since America is the quintessentially immigrant society, the focus is on American immigration, but the theoretical issues this review highlights can be applied equally well to other societies with histories of immigration and racial or ethnic relations, such as Great Britain or Brazil. Increasingly, immigration research is one of the topics where sociologists and historians meet (research on revolutions is another), although they meet in much the same fashion that one sometimes arrives at a party and is much surprised to find out who else is there. Our common research interests increasingly bring us together, although not without a fair amount of surprise and trepidation.
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Kondrasheva, Alla, and Stavris Parastatov. "The Process of Westernization of the Balkans after WWII: The Cases of Greece and Bulgaria." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i1.2.
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The high significance of the Balkan geopolitical knot was clearly expressed in the bipolar era when the main frontier between the two warring blocks passed through the Balkans. Due to the secret ‘Percentages Agreement’ between Great Britain and the USSR in 1944, the Balkans were divided into spheres of influence of the two great powers. Subsequently, London ceded the role of the main source of Western influence in the region to Washington.Of particular interest are the cases of Greece and Bulgaria as border countries that found themselves in different ‘worlds’ and, given the geostrategic importance of their territories, which were the main ideological instruments and conductors of ideas in the Cold war of the hegemons that stood behind. The Truman Doctrine in 1947 and NATO membership in 1952 strengthened and institutionalized Western influence in Greece. Westernization of Greek society in the form of liberalization and democratiza-tion of social relations and consequently its political system proceeded rapidly with a relatively short interval of the military dictatorship.Greece was assigned the role of a model for the rapid and successful develop-ment of a western country, a bridgehead for the dissemination of anti–communist ide-as in other countries of the Balkan region, primarily Bulgaria. Besides, due to the establishment of a strict pro–Soviet regime in Sofia, the westernization of Bulgarian society was carried out including through intelligence agencies, and after a certain thaw in relations through economic cooperation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Literature and society – great britain – history"
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Gordon, Sara Rhianydd. "Reading and imagining family life in later medieval western Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:601245df-1c95-4bfe-8a08-b99a334278fa.
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This thesis discusses the ideals of behaviour which sought to govern family life and which were common currency in England and northern Europe, how they were constructed, and how the late medieval gentry and nobility interacted with them. Hagiography, sermons, and courtesy literature all explicitly sought to influence the views and behaviour of their audiences, whilst the letter collections of the Pastons, Plumptons, Stonors, Celys, and Armburghs offer an insight into the self-perceptions of the recipients of this didactic material. Much of this material has been studied, but it did not exist in a vacuum. Images in books, often marking key moments in a typical life-cycle, supported, extended, even contradicted the notions inculcated by these texts, were increasingly relevant to later medieval daily lives, and both influenced their audience and were used by their audience as a form of self-fashioning. The five chapters of this thesis each explore a different aspect of the medieval lifecycle. Chapters One and Two take the foundation of the household, marriage, as their starting point, discussing courtship and the ideal marriage ceremony, as well as the attributes and behaviour of the ideal spouse. Chapter Three turns to how this household operated on a wider scale, demonstrating how lords were caught between Christ's example and the pressures of lavish lay display when building networks of friendship. Chapter Four considers the genesis of a new generation: how images and texts conveyed sometimes different notions of the ideal mother and father, the location of the household as a place of learning, and the importance of models when shaping the development of the ideal child. Lastly, Chapter Five investigates the end of the lifecycle, death, and how images and texts worked together to propound the central medieval idea of a 'good death'. Consideration is given throughout this thesis to how the norms of behaviour communicated by texts and images may be studied.
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Jennings, Emily. "Prophetic rhetoric in the early Stuart period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:13643178-0544-4b2b-9ca3-55d6c73a5d26.
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This is a study of the political prophecy in England in a period delimited by the accession of King James I (1603) and the end of the Interregnum (1660). It combines the analysis of hitherto obscure manuscript texts with that of printed works to provide a nuanced account of the uses and reception of prophecies in this period. Chapter One (which focuses on the first decade of James's reign) and Chapter Two (which covers the period 1613-19) approach the analysis of dramatic treatments of political prophecy through the study of prophecy both as a rhetorical buttress to the Jacobean state and as a protest genre. Attentive to the elite bias of the legal documents wherein allegedly oppositionist uses of prophecy are recorded, these chapters heed the counsel of historians who have found literary scholars insufficiently suspicious of the rhetoric of these materials. A focus on dramatic texts, neglected by the historians, reveals that Jacobean playgoers were encouraged to regard both official prophetic rhetoric and official rhetoric about prophecy with scepticism. Chapter Three considers how native and continental prophetic traditions were expanded and repurposed in England around the beginning of the Thirty Years' War, when belief in the purportedly inspired status of prophecies was rare but recognition of their utility as a vehicle for political discussion was nonetheless widespread. Chapter Four explores the adaptation and tendentious exposition of medieval, sixteenth-century, and Jacobean manuscript prophecies in printed propaganda for both the royalist and parliamentarian causes in the mid-seventeenth century. This study of literary and archival sources finds that previous scholarship has overestimated the extent of popular faith in the authenticity of allegedly ancient and inspired prophecies in the early Stuart period. The longevity of purported prophecies, it concludes, was ensured through the recognition, appreciation, and exploitation of their rhetorical affordances.
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Lazar, Jessica. "1603 - the wonderfull yeare : literary responses to the accession of James I." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a0b0e575-da98-405d-81d8-8ddd0bf53924.
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'1603. The Wonderfull Yeare: Literary Responses to the Accession of James I' argues that when James VI of Scotland was proclaimed James I of England on 24 March 1603, the printed verse pamphlets that greeted his accession presented him as a figure of hope and promise for the Englishmen now subject to his rule. However, they also demonstrate hitherto unrecognized concerns that James might also be a figure of threat to the very national strength, Protestant progress, and moral, cultural, and political renaissance for which he was being touted as harbinger and champion. The poems therefore transform an insecure and undetermined figure into a symbol that represents (and enables) promise and hope. PART ONE explores how the poetry seeks to address the uncertainty and fragility, both social and political, that arose from popular fears about the accession; and to dissuade dissenters (and make secure and unassailable the throne, and thereby the state of England), through celebration of the new monarch. Perceived legal, political, and dynastic concerns were exacerbated by concrete difficulties when James was proclaimed King of England, and so he was more than fifty miles from the English border (only reaching London for the first time in early May); his absence was further prolonged by plague; this plague also deferred the immediate sanction of public festivities that should have accompanied his July coronation. An English Jacobean icon was configured in literature to accommodate and address these threats and hazards, neutralizing fears surrounding the idea of the accession with confidence in the idea of the king it brings. In the texts that respond to James's accession we observe his appropriation as a figure of hope and promise. PART 2 looks to more personal hopes and fears, albeit within the national context. It considers how the poets engage with the King's own established iconography and intentions, publicly available to view within his own writing - and especially poetry. The image that is already established there has the potential either to obstruct or to enable national and personal causes and ambitions (whether political, religious, or cultural). The poetry therefore develops strategies to negotiate with and so appropriate the King's own self-fashioning.
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Whelan, Fiona Elizabeth. "Morals and manners in twelfth-century England : 'Urbanus Magnus' and courtesy literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ccb50b9-7e0e-49c8-b9c5-104dfefa3fea.
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This thesis investigates the twelfth-century Latin poem entitled Urbanus magnus or 'The Book of the Civilised Man', attributed to Daniel of Beccles. This is a poem dedicated to the cultivation of a civilised life, aimed primarily at clerics although its use extends to nobility, and specifically the noble householder. This thesis focuses on the text as a primary source for an understanding of social life in medieval England, and uses the content of the text to explore issues such as the medieval household, social hierarchy, the body, and food and diet. Urbanus magnus is commonly referred to as a 'courtesy text'. This thesis seeks to understand Urbanus magnus outside of that attribution, and to situate the text in the context of twelfth and thirteenth-century England. Thus far, scholarship of courtesy literature has focused on later texts such as thirteenth-century vernacular 'courtesy texts' or humanist works as exemplified by Erasmus's De civilitate morum puerilium. This scholarship looks back to the twelfth century and sees texts such as Urbanus magnus as 'early Latin courtesy texts'. This teleological view relegates such earlier texts to positions at the genesis of the genre and blindly assumes that they belong to the corpus of 'courtesy literature'. This neglects both their individual importance and their respective origins. This thesis examines Urbanus magnus as a didactic text which contains elements of 'courtesy literature', but also displays moral and ethical concerns. At the heart of the thesis is the question: should Urbanus magnus be considered as part of the genre of courtesy literature? This question does not have a simple answer, but this thesis shows that some elements and sections of Urbanus magnus do conform to the characteristics of courtesy literature. However, there are further sections that reflect other literary traditions. In addition to morals and ethics, Urbanus magus reflects other genres such as satire, and also reveals social issues in twelfth-century England such as the rise of anti-curiale sentiment and resentment of upward social mobility. This thesis provides an examination of Urbanus magnus through the most prevalent themes in the text. Firstly, it explores the dynamics of the medieval household, along with issues such as social mobility and hierarchy. Secondly, it focuses on the depiction of the body and bodily restraint, covering topics such as speech, bodily emissions, and sexual activity. Thirdly, it discusses food and diet, including table manners, food consumption, and dietary effects of foodstuffs. The penultimate chapter looks at the manuscript dissemination of the text to investigate the different uses which Urbanus magnus found in subsequent centuries. The delineation of Urbanus magnus as part of the genre of courtesy literature ignores the social, cultural, and literary impact on the creation of the text. In response, this thesis has two aims. The first is to minimise the notion of genre, and treat Urbanus magnus as a text in its own right, and as a product of the twelfth century. The second shows that Urbanus magnus reflects both continuity and change in society in England following the Norman Conquest.
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Sawyer, Daniel. "Codicological evidence of reading in late medieval England, with particular reference to practical pastoral verse." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8c21053f-e347-4349-9cc4-b1fa0229e95a.
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This study advances and adds detail to our history of the reading of verse in England c.1350-1500. Scholarship has established major twelfth- and thirteenth-century changes in reading, and linked these changes to manuscripts containing the modern Middle English verse canon. Historians of early modern reading have also argued for distinctive changes in their own period. But the examination of reading between these two clusters of change has been limited. This study therefore asks how later medieval Middle English verse was read. The surviving copies of The Prick of Conscience and Speculum Vitae, two hugely successful religious instructional poems, form the primary body of evidence. This body is augmented by reference to hundreds of other manuscripts containing Middle English verse. Together, these can reveal much about what was normal and abnormal in reading. They are also an important part of the context for the reading of more canonical Middle English verse. Manuscript studies often proceeds through case studies of individual books and unusual evidence such as marginalia. This thesis turns to codicology to understand more widespread evidence for reading, combining qualitative case studies with quantitative techniques borrowed and developed from continental scholarship. The first chapter examines evidence of provenance, revealing that both The Prick of Conscience and Speculum Vitae were read by an impressive range of people and remained current into the sixteenth century. The second chapter considers the navigational aids used in copies of both poems. Reading in this period has been characterised as 'discontinuous', but it could be discontinuous in diverse ways, and readers also read continuously. The third chapter is a large-scale study of books' size and shape, showing how these features can reveal books' reading histories, sometimes in counterintuitive ways. The fourth chapter contends that readers in this period attended closely to rhyme and probably read for balanced rhyme structures. The fifth chapter uncovers the ways in which these poems were rewritten for new readers and investigates the composition of the Southern Recension of The Prick of Conscience, arguing that this new text was partly a formalist intervention. The conclusion summarises the new 'baseline' history of the reading of Middle English verse which is offered here, and gestures towards implications for our reading of the Middle English poems which are canonical today.
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May, Simon. "Marlowe and monarchy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:84716f56-e527-4a6b-820c-d2204c87cfe2.
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Focusing on the works of Christopher Marlowe (1564-93), this thesis explores the complex engagement of popular drama with the political and religious writing of the Elizabethan fin de siècle. It focuses on the five plays by Marlowe that feature royal protagonists: 1-2 Tamburlaine (1587), Dido, Queen of Carthage (1588), Edward II (1592), and The Massacre at Paris (1593). By interpreting each play in its immediate political context, it shows that Marlowe did not deal with monarchy in the abstract but responded to current affairs - from the incursions of the Ottoman Empire to the threat of the Spanish Armada, from the conspiracy claims of Catholic polemic to the debate surrounding England's involvement in continental warfare. The introduction situates the thesis in the critical and historiographical context relating to Marlowe and to the relationship between literature and politics in the early modern period; it provides the justification for reading Marlowe's plays as topical statements. Chapter One looks at 1-2 Tamburlaine in the light of contemporary attitudes to the Ottoman-Safavid War. Chapter Two shows that Dido, Queen of Carthage adapted the stories and tropes of polemic to reflect fears of Catholic conspiracy and Spanish invasion. Chapter Three reads Edward II as a creative response to the print war of 1591-2, which centred on the moral character of the queen's closest counsellors. Chapter Four proposes that Marlowe's final play, The Massacre at Paris, employed arguments drawn from Reason of State to influence decisions at the 1593 Parliament. The thesis concludes by suggesting that despite Marlowe's reputation as a radical overreacher, his drama displays considerable sympathy for the monarchs who must rule precariously and without the option of private happiness.
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Neal, Derek. "Meanings of masculinity in late medieval England : self, body and society." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84534.
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Masculinity is a set of meanings, and also an aspect of male identity. Understanding masculinity in history, therefore, requires attention to culture and psychology. The concept of a "crisis of masculinity" cannot address these dimensions sufficiently and is of little use to the historian.This analysis of evidence from late medieval England begins with the social world. Legal records show men defending, and therefore defining, masculine identity through interaction among male peers and with women. Defamation suits suggest a fifteenth-century identification of masculinity with "trueness": an uncomplicated, open honesty. A "true man," in late medieval England, was not just an honest man, but a real man.
Social masculinity constituted honest fairness, permitting stable social relations between men. Transparent honesty, good management of the household ("husbandry"), and self-command preserved males' social substance, their metaphoric embodiment represented tangibly by money and property. Lawsuits and personal letters show how masculine social identity took shape through competition and cooperation with other men. "Power," "dominance" and self-fulfilment were less important than sustaining this network of relations.
Men's relations with women are best understood within this homosocial dynamic. Men's adultery trespassed on other males' substance, while women's adultery indicated poor management of one's own. Sexual slander against men could injure their social identity, but was unlikely to demolish it, as it would for a woman. The celibate minority of men shared these concerns.
Medical texts, late medieval men's clothing, satirical poems, and courtesy texts prescribing self-control show that the male body provided important meanings (phallic and otherwise), through failure, inadequacy or excess as often as not. Sexual activity, and other uses of the body, might be managed differently as self-restraining or self-indulgent discourses of masculinity demanded.
A psychoanalytic reading of medieval romances reveals fantasized solutions to the problem of males' desire for feminine and masculine objects. Romance literature displays a narcissistic subjectivity created in defensive fantasies of disconnection. Such features derive from a culture demanding incessant social self-presentation of its men, which permitted very little in daily life to be kept from the scrutiny of others.
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Manderson, Kate. "Fabian socialism and the struggle for Independent Labour Representation, 1884-1900." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ43910.pdf.
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Khulpateea, Veda Laxmi. "State of the union cross cultural marriages in nineteenth century literature and society /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Wong, Chi-man Lorraine, and 黃芷敏. "Cultural fever, consumer society and pre-orientalism China in eighteenth-century England." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227946.
Full textBooks on the topic "Literature and society – great britain – history"
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Quigly, Isabel. The Royal Society of Literature: A portrait. London: Royal Society of Literature, 2000.
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Miles, Peter. Cinema, literature & society: Elite and mass culture in interwar Britain. London: Croom Helm, 1987.
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Paul, Hyland, and Sammells Neil, eds. Writing and censorship in Britain. London: Routledge, 1992.
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1952-, MacLean Gerald M., ed. Culture and society in the Stuart Restoration: Literature, drama, history. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
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Tremayne, Peter. Celtic Women: Women in Celtic Society and Literature. Grand Rapids, Mich: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 1996.
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United Society for Christian Literature., ed. United Society for Christian Literature archives, 1799-1960. Zug, Switzerland: Inter Documentation Co., 1987.
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Peck, John. War, the army and Victorian literature. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.
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(Editor), Clive Bloom, and Gary Day (Editor), eds. Literature and Culture in Modern Britain: 1956-1999 (Literature and Culture in Modern Britain). Longman Pub Group, 2000.
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Cinema, Literature and Society: Elite and Mass Culture in Interwar Britain. Routledge, 2013.
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Cinema, Literature and Society: Elite and Mass Culture in Interwar Britain. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Literature and society – great britain – history"
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Rubinstein, W. D. "Anglo-Jewry and British Society: New Directions 1880–1914." In A History of the Jews in the English-Speaking World: Great Britain, 94–191. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24334-1_3.
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Minto, John. "The Spread of Education, and the Resulting Demand for Reading Matter—The Circulation of Popular Literature—Forerunners of the Public Library—Early Municipal Foundations, Parochial Libraries, Itinerating Libraries, Subscription Libraries, Mechanics' Institutes." In A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland, 15–46. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003545200-2.
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Gekara, Victor Oyaro. "Union Organising in the Context of Regional Labour Market Decline: The Case of Nautilus International." In The World of the Seafarer, 157–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49825-2_13.
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AbstractOver the past few decades the impact of globalisation on society and industry at the national level has been immense and has been studied and extensively documented in the literature. Some of the major benefits and losses accruing from economic globalisation, particularly since the late 1970s have been debated by dominant political economy commentators (see e.g. Harvey 2005; Held et al. 1999; Strange 1996; Scholte 2000; Stiglitz 2002; Giddens 2002; Chomsky 2017). An important aspect of the globalising process has been the extensive restructuring of production and distribution patterns in search of cheaper resources, through aggressive outsourcing and offshoring. The result for many national economies, particularly advanced industrial states, has been a drastic decline in traditional industries affecting both labour and capital (Dunning 1993; Beck 2005; Perraton 2019). This chapter examines the decline in the seafaring labour markets of the so-called Traditional Maritime Countries (TMN), and the implications for union organising focusing on the UK and its seafaring labour. It examines the creation of Nautilus International (NI) Union via a merger of unions for maritime professionals across different countries in Europe initially beginning with Great Britain, the Netherlands and later Switzerland. This was a uniquely strategic response to declining membership and weakening organising capacity. Some of the key challenges associated with unions trying to organise and represent their members in the context of industrial and labour market decline are explored.
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Robertson, Michael. "Locating Nowhere." In The Last Utopians, 17–36. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154169.003.0002.
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This chapter examines the proliferation of utopian literature in the United States and Great Britain during the late nineteenth century, mainly due to the economic and social upheavals resulting from industrial capitalism. In particular, it shows how writers such as Edward Bellamy and Thomas More came up with their visions of peaceful and egalitarian future worlds in response to the turbulence of their era. The chapter first provides an overview of the Great Depression experienced by both the United States and Great Britain between 1873 and 1896, a period characterized by extreme poverty and unemployment, before discussing the history of More's Utopia (1516). It then considers how utopian socialists in Europe and the United States, including Henri de Saint-Simon, Robert Owen, and Charles Fourier, devised schemes for the total reconstruction of society. It also analyzes Henry George's utopian vision, which he articulated in his 1879 book Progress and Poverty.
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"Culture, Recreation, Leisure, and Sport." In A Bibliography of British History 1914-1989, edited by Keith Robbins, 564–636. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198224969.003.0012.
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Abstract The material assembled in this section covers a wide range of subjects but their individual identification is not too difficult. Contributions to the meaning of ‘culture’ in general in British society, and the languages used in Britain, are identified in the initial sub-section. Individual arts are then grouped. It is recognized that while it is reasonable to include early sub-sections which deal with architecture, art (painting), design and fashion, and sculpture, individuals executed work in more than one of these categories. Likewise scholars have not infrequently grouped them together in certain critical or historical studies. The user must therefore see these particular sub-sections as a totality. The same point also applies particularly to the following sub-sections: music and ballet; film, photography, radio; the press, books and publishing, literature; theatre and comedy. In all of these cases, there is inevitably some overlap of title and subject-matter. Nevertheless, the activity is sufficiently discrete for separate sub-sections to be useful. Perhaps not surprisingly, they are notably full since those whose business is primarily with communication clearly like writing about each other. Even so, many of these items represent the raw material of history rather than history itself. Within the sub-sections concerned, particular genres, tendencies, and types have been identified, so far as possible, but no cultural discrimination has been exercised between them-that is to say a ‘great composer’ has to live alongside a ‘pop star’. The literary range is wide but it would not be appropriate to provide the amplitude to which a bibliography exclusively devoted to literature might aspire. As in the case of music, the attempt has been made, within this restriction, to be comprehensive in approach and not to presuppose the existence of a canon of British writers who should alone be considered. The emphasis has been primarily upon providing access to the writers and studies of their works rather than upon providing a full list of the works themselves. That distinction, however, cannot be invariably maintained.
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"Producing Experts, Constructing Expertise: The School of Pharmacy of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, 1842-1896." In The History of Medical Education in Britain, 116–40. Brill | Rodopi, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004418394_009.
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"British Society." In A Bibliography of British History 1914-1989, edited by Keith Robbins, 177–273. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198224969.003.0004.
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Abstract A section devoted to ‘society’ is potentially all-embracing. While the literature concerning population is relatively self-contained, the material incorporated into subsequent subsections does not fall easily into the categories that have been identified. Inevitably, certain books and articles flow across boundaries. It follows that in this section above all the reader should investigate more than one sub-section in search of relevant items. Also in this section the reader will also find much material listed which represents ‘work in progress’ or ‘interim studies’ rather than monographs which represent even an attempt to write a definitive account of a particular problem. Much of this material stems from the rapid expansion of sociological investigation and of sociology as a discipline in the 1960s in particular. It also reflects the fact that ‘society’ itself has been perceived to be changing at an ever increasing rate. Such changes have had profound consequences for the social structure as a whole and, amongst other things, on marriage, the family, children, and elderly. How ‘society’ should respond to the adverse effects of these changes has in tum led to an expanded literature on social work and social administration. The considerable changes in the ethnic composition of Britain have likewise produced a substantial literature covering the broad area of ‘race relations’. For obvious reasons, too, that literature largely relates to recent decades. Crime, on the other hand, has been a concern of scholars throughout the period.
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"Middle Eastern and Oriental Literature." In The Oxford History of Literary Translation in English, edited by Stuart Gillespie and David Hopkins, 441–76. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199246229.003.0009.
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Abstract This chapter yokes together, perhaps not without violence, three rather heterogeneous areas: two great collections of oriental texts—the Arabian Nights and the Bible—and the diverse work of the polymath who, arriving on the scene well after these books had made their mark, drove forward a new phase in orientalism and oriental translation. The beginnings of an academic interest in oriental languages and literatures in Britain can be traced back to the early seventeenth century; there were both religious and secular reasons for this.
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Halsey, A. H. "The History of Sociology in Britain." In British Sociology Seen from Without and Within. British Academy, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263426.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the battle between literature and science for domination of sociology, a topic that has rather been neglected as a theme in the history of sociology in Britain if also perhaps overheated nowadays in exchanges over relativism between the denizens of ‘cultural studies’ and the proponents of a ‘science of society’. The chapter argues that, traditionally, the social territory belonged to literature and philosophy. A challenge was then raised by science especially in the nineteenth century. Then, especially in the twentieth century, social science developed so as to turn a binary contrast into a triangular one. Sociology had three sources in Western thought: one literary (political philosophy), one quasi-scientific (the philosophy of history), and one scientific (biology). It is no accident that both sociology and social policy were placed first at the London School of Economics, the Fabian institution invented and fostered by Sidney and Beatrice Webb in 1895.
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Bischof, Christopher. "Introduction." In Teaching Britain, 1–20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833352.003.0010.
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The illegitimate son of a servant from the Scottish Highlands, William Campbell effected his own upward social mobility by becoming a teacher. The state paid for his apprenticeship as a pupil teacher in the small village of Durness and then his teacher training programme in bustling Edinburgh. After his training and an initial job in the village of Nethybridge, he settled into a position as an elementary teacher in the scattered crofting community of Rogart in Sutherland in 1898. Though he followed Whitehall policymakers’ directives and taught quite a bit of English history and literature during school hours, he went to great lengths to acquire Gaelic dictionaries, grammars, and works of literature so that he could teach the language and literary culture to children and adults alike in the evenings. This was no defiant gesture of nascent Scottish cultural nationalism. Campbell was determined to serve the distant British state ...
Conference papers on the topic "Literature and society – great britain – history"
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Slamova, Karolina. "THE SEARCH FOR AN APPROACH TO CZECH LITERARY HISTORY IN IGOR HAJEK�S CONCEPT." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2022/s10.22.
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This paper focuses on the field of literary history in order to show what approach to the historiography of Czech literature was taken by the representative of Czech exile literary criticism, Igor Hajek. The context which Hajek entered during his study stays in the USA and Great Britain, and later in exile, was the reception horizon of the late 1960s, when the events of the �Prague Spring� attracted the attention of the West and turned attention to the Czech liberalisation movement, in which literature played a significant role. Hajek assumed the role of a mediator of the fundamental values of Czech literary production to the Western audience from the position of an expert in the Anglo-American cultural environment and Czech and foreign literary approaches. The specificity of his perspective is due to the fact that he tried to present the image of Czech national literature with respect to a non-Czech reader and that he aimed to clarify the main features of the development of Czech literature to international students and readers. The paper presents the conclusions of the analysis of Hajek�s literary-historical essays, which show that Igor Hajek relied mainly on the views of Arne Novak, a Czech literary historian and critic. The paper further assumes that Igor Hajek, due to his background in English studies, methodologically drew on some of the approaches that were being promoted in the West in his time and notes the connections between Hajek�s methods and the methodologies these approaches are based on.
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ZHOROVA, Iryna, Serhiy DANYLYUK, and Olha KHUDENKO. "Civic education of students by means of literature: european experience." In Învățământul superior: tradiţii, valori, perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.29-30-09-2023.p108-122.
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The article reveals the theoretical and methodical aspects of students’ civic education by means of literature. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in the conditions of unstable development of society, escalation of conflicts both between states and between fellow citizens, the issue of students’ civic education is actualized. The authors understand this concept as a form of social education, the formation of a citizen of a specific state, capable of successfully acting for the sake of preserving democracy and peace. Currently, informal education, in addition to the content of “social and civic competencies” that is understandable for Ukrainian educators, uses the term “competencies for the culture of democracy”, which, according to the authors, is a structured concept implemented in the European dimension of civic education. The authors emphasize that fiction affects human feelings and consciousness, it is a powerful means of moral, aesthetic and civic education. Through artistic images, writers provide an opportunity to form their attitude to the events described, to draw certain conclusions, to reflect on universal values, on the actions of one or another character, to see models of civic active/passive behavior. The article analyzes the European experience of civic education, in particular Great Britain and Germany. The authors take into account the literature of these countries and identify aspects that can serve as a basis for students’ civic education, compare them with the Ukrainian realities of civic education. The authors present the main vectors of civic education in Germany, which are determined by the content of literary works and encourage pluralism of opinions, tolerance for the views and judgments of others, motivate students to actively participate in civic life, awareness of the value of freedom, respect for human dignity, the right to self-expression, responsibility for an individual’s moral choice. The works are also the basis for establishing in teenagers such democratic values as the right to life, to fair treatment, dignity, freedom from discrimination, the right to equality, understanding the need to protect one’s rights and the rights of other people.The analysis of content concepts of literature for pupils in Great Britain shows that the priorities of civic education are national patriotism and the education of a law-abiding citizen. The textual material of the works and civic education lessons help pupils to better understand different forms of governance and their impact on citizens; to understand the responsibility and functions of management and the duties of citizens; to acquire socio-cultural experience that gives the opportunity to feel morally, socially, politically, legally competent and protected in society and to take direct part in the activities of civil society institutions. In Finland, the basic democratic values of the national core curriculum are open democracy, equality, responsibility for one’s own choice. An important focus of education in Finnish high school is gaining experience in shaping the future based on joint decisions and interaction.Taking into account the global trends of digitization, the authors considered digital technologies to be educational innovations in students’ civic education (electronic textbooks (not just digitized, but interactive, with virtual 3D materials that teachers can compose at their discretion), textbook scans for download, various materials: interactive laboratories, virtual museums, forums for teachers to communicate, etc.).
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ZHANG, YUSHUANG. "THE FUNCTION OF INHERITING TRADITIONAL CULTURE IN CHINESE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE." In 2023 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOCIAL SCIENCE. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/isss2023/36053.
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China has a history of five thousand years, in the long river of history to retain a lot of excellent culture, affecting the generations. Under the background of the new era, China is striving for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, so the excellent traditional culture cannot be forgotten by time but should be passed on continuously. In recent years, with the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the exchanges between countries in the world have become more and more close. In this process, different cultures also blend and collide with each other. China's traditional culture has experienced thousands of years of development, in the new era today has also ushered in a new hope of development. The inheritance of traditional culture mainly depends on three ways, namely: literature, traditional customs and traditional festivals. Specifically, traditional culture relies more on literary forms to inherit and develop. Therefore, the major of Chinese language and literature bears the responsibility of inheriting traditional culture and is also an important part of promoting the development of traditional culture. Chinese language and literature gather the wisdom of ancient, modern, modern and contemporary literati. In the process of learning Chinese language and literature, we can understand the customs and culture. Therefore, this paper takes Chinese language and literature as the entry point to study the function of inheriting traditional culture in Chinese language and literature.
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Rominovna, Kenjaeva Dilrabo. "JAMIYATDA BARQAROR SIYOSATNI TA'MINLASH JARAYONIDA MAFKURAVIY TARBIYANING O‘RNI VA AHAMIYATI." In GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE INTEGRATION OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. International Scientific and Current Research Conferences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/goal-29.
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Globalization processes create unexpected problems for humanity along with new opportunities. The globalization of the political-ideological sphere has a great influence on national spirituality. This article analyzes from a philosophical point of view the issue of shaping ideological thinking among young people through the promotion of the national idea, increasing the effectiveness of spiritual and educational work, further developing literature and reading in society, and teaching history in a national spirit.
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Cuciureanu, Ana-Maria. "Traditional nutrition. Case study — Th e Romanian community in Greece." In Simpozion internațional de etnologie: Tradiții și procese etnice, Ediția III. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975841733.08.
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The act of “eating” is part of the ritual and ceremonial acts that have a great capacity for social transformation with a well-marked symbolic eff ectiveness. Th e history of nutrition cannot be seen as detached from the history of humanity, as they are identifi ed in the stages of their evolution. Factors that play an important role in this regard, infl uencing and sizing specifi c meanings and connotations, are the natural environment, climatic conditions, the socio-economic structure of communities, spiritual beliefs. Migration has been an acute phenomenon of the Romanian society in the last 30 years. If in the second half of the last century, during the communist period, the phenomenon of migration focused on moving the population from rural to urban areas, the liberalization of borders, entering EU structures, NATO, etc., facilitated and even encouraged, in a way or another, the migration of Romanians. Th e Romanian communities have grown signifi cantly, reaching a signifi cant place in the population of migrating countries, and even a representative minority in certain European states (Italy, Spain, Great Britain, etc.). Statistically speaking, Greece does not have a concrete record of the Romanian community, the last census dating from 2007 and the one from the end of 2021 not being centralized yet. In Greece, based on the information provided by the Romanian associations, there are a number of approximately 80,000 — 100,000 Romanians from several areas of Romania, mainly from Moldova, Bucovina and Maramureș, most of them living in Athens and a smaller part on the islands. Th is paper presents a case study, conducted within the Romanian community in Greece, having as main element traditional food. Starting from the idea that this community is part of the mobility diaspora, not being clearly defi ned for a period of time, we will notice, however, that the traditional food is an extremely important element in preserving the national identity. Th e Romanian communities, be they historical or mobility, follow an authentic Romanian social pattern, with few foreign influences, determined by several factors.
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Rutsinskaya, Irina, and Galina Smirnova. "VISUALIZATION OF EVERYDAY SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PRACTICES: VICTORIAN PAINTING AS A MIRROR OF THE ENGLISH TEA PARTY TRADITION." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b1/v4/37.
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"Throughout the second half of the seventeen and the eighteenth centuries, tea remained an expensive exotic drink for Britain that “preserved” its overseas nature. It was only in the Victorian era (1837-1903) that tea became the English national drink. The process attracts the attention of academics from various humanities. Despite an impressive amount of research in the UK, in Russia for a long time (in the Soviet years) the English tradition of tea drinking was considered a philistine curiosity unworthy of academic analysis. Accordingly, the English tea party in Russia has become a leader in the number of stereotypes. The issue became important for academics only at the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Currently, we can observe significant growth of interest in this area in Russia and an expansion of research into tea drinking with regard to the history of society, philosophy and culture. Despite this fact, there are still serious lacunas in the research of English tea parties in the Victorian era. One of them is related to the analysis of visualization of this practice in Victorian painting. It is a proven fact that tea parties are one of the most popular topics in English arts of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. No other art school in the world referred to the topic so frequently: painting formed the visual image of the English tea party, consolidated, propagandized and spread ideas of the national tea tradition. However, this aspect has been reflected neither in British nor Russian studies. Being descriptive and analytical, the present research refers to the principles of historicism, academic reliability and objectivity, helping to determine the principal trends and social and cultural features and models in Britain during the period. The present research is based on the analysis of more than one hundred genre paintings by British artists of the period. The paintings reflect the process of creating a special “truly English” material and visual context of tea drinking, which displaced all “oriental allusions” from this ceremony, to create a specific entourage and etiquette of tea consumption, and set nationally determined patterns of behavior at the tea table. The analysis shows the presence of English traditions of tea drinking visualization. The canvases of British artists, unlike the Russian ones, never reflect social problems: tea parties take place against the background of either well-furnished interiors or beautiful landscapes, being a visual embodiment of Great Britain as a “paradise of the prosperous bourgeoisie”, manifesting the bourgeois virtues. Special attention is paid to the role of the women in this ritual, the theme of the relationship between mothers and children. A unique English painting theme, which has not been manifested in any other art school in the world, is a children’s tea party. Victorian paintings reflect the processes of democratization of society: representatives of the lower classes appear on canvases. Paintings do not only reflect the norms and ideals that existed in the society, but also provide the set patterns for it."
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Mira Rico, Juan Antonio. "Defensive architecture and heritage education: analysis of the National Park Service and Parks Canada actions." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15263.
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Defensive architecture is a heritage typology of great interest for society due to various reasons, such as its monumentality, history, beauty or ability to fascinate thanks to cinema, literature or television. Like other cultural assets, its management is based on research, preservation, restoration, didactics, dissemination and participation following current approaches. In this sense, heritage education plays a fundamental role since it is a tool that connects cultural heritage with people. This fact becomes a key aspect to guarantee its knowledge, preservation, use and enjoyment over time. This paper will analyse the actions on heritage education of the National Park Service (United States of America) and Parks Canada which are focused on defensive architecture. Both offices have been chosen because they manage examples of defensive architecture and are world leaders in heritage education. Therefore, the main purpose is to know their actions and make proposals for the Spanish context. This is an interesting fact because Spain has a rich and varied defensive architecture but heritage education still has little presence, which is surprising because heritage education favours society commitment when preserving cultural heritage. To this end, the qualitative work methodology will be used, specifically the analysis technique applied to the contents of the National Park Service and Parks Canada web pages.
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خزعل جبر, لؤي. "Social Psychological Dynamics of the Saddamist and ISIS genocides in Iraq." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/11.
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Genocide is an attempt to wipe out an entire group of human beings, either directly by killing them, or indirectly by creating conditions favorable to their death, for disciplinary purposes aimed at punishing, blaming and retaliating against the victim, routine institutionalization in the context of war, utilitarianism aimed at achieving a specific gain, A monopoly aimed at identifying the dominant in power, and an ideology aimed at creating an optimal society and erasing all that is impure. The scientific study of genocide in a calm cognitive way is a humanitarian and historical necessity, because the horrific and tragic outcomes of this phenomenon threaten the depth of human existence and human values. It is a complex phenomenon that can be approached from multiple sides, philosophical, political, sociological, economic, historical and psychological, each of these approaches has a great value in understanding the phenomenon, but the psychological and social dimensions are at the core of these approaches. In a previous study by the researcher on the Iraqi historical memory (Ghabr, 2014), the strength of the presence of the genocides - Saddamism and terrorism - was found among the most important events in contemporary Iraqi history in the Iraqi historical memory, and it fell within the first factor (suffering) in the content of that memory, the factor that Intertwined with a complex web of relationships with political cultures and social movements. Therefore, the current study will work on clarifying the psychosocial dynamics of genocide through a comprehensive review of the specialized literature, and employing those insights in understanding the genocide in the Iraqi context, as the Iraqi context witnessed multiple and horrific genocide campaigns, in the time of totalitarianism and Daaeshism, and such an approach constitutes an existential necessity in Iraq.
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Chapple, Julian. "A TENTATIVE PROPOSAL FOR INCLUSIVITY EDUCATION TRAINING FOR JAPANESE SCHOOL TEACHERS BASED ON THE NEEDS OF MIGRANTS AND RETURNEES." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2022v2end074.
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"Although Japan has not traditionally been considered a multicultural nation or possesses anything resembling an open immigration policy, it is rapidly becoming more and more diverse. Events like modifications to the nation’s immigration regulations in April 2019 and the recent proposed scrapping of the 5-year term limits on accepted “temporary” foreign workers (Category 1 Specified Skilled Workers) have ostensibly led to a quiet opening to unskilled foreign workers for the first time in the nation’s modern history. While Japan’s hand may have been reluctantly forced by serious labour force shortages in many sectors of the economy, it is undoubtedly the beginning of the creation of an even more ‘multicultural Japan’; providing further impetus to the pressing challenge of creating a society where diverse peoples can live together in harmony. Yet, despite these changes and the obvious implications they have for the future, very little consideration has been given to allowing for - and accommodating - greater diversity into the nation’s schools. There is a great risk that without preparation now, the already emerging signs of distress in the education sector (language problems, truancy, drop-out rates, bullying, etc.) will only escalate. In other words, in order for Japan to prepare to accept even a modest increase in the number of newcomers, teachers and education officials need to undertake greater training to enable them to understand and assist in the successful integration of future migrant children. Based on interviews, literature and a review of the recent educational situation in the light of these changes, this paper aims to ascertain whether greater inclusivity training is required, and if so, what it should entail. To allow for greater support of non-Japanese students into Japan’s education system, it concludes with a tentative proposal for what future educational training courses should consider, how they could be incorporated into teacher training curricula and the overall potential benefits for society in general."