Academic literature on the topic 'Literature and literary studies, n.e.c'
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Journal articles on the topic "Literature and literary studies, n.e.c"
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Kochetkova, N. D. "N. I. Novikov’s Literary Priorities." Russkaya literatura 2 (2020): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-2-19-24.
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The article examines N. I. Novikov’s testimonials regarding the most prominent Russian writers of his time. In his satirical journals of 1769–1773, he spoke with particular praise about the works of A. P. Sumarokov, giving him obvious preference over M. V. Lomonosov. V. P. Petrov, proclaimed «the second Lomonosov», would often become the subject of his satirical attacks. Later, the critic condemned certain «depraved opinions» by Sumarokov, yet continued to hold in high esteem his literary talent. At the same time, Novikov conducted a continuous polemics with Catherine II’s magazine Vsiakaia Vsiachina, where V. K. Trediakovsky, whose merits Novikov greatly appreciated, was often ridiculed. His historical studies helped him to grasp the general course of development of Russian culture, and in the journal St. Petersburg Scientifi c Gazette for 1777, he paid tribute to each of the writers.
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Collings, David. "Romantic Sobriety: Sensation, Revolution, Commodification, History. Orrin N. C. Wang." Wordsworth Circle 45, no. 4 (September 2014): 309–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/twc24311850.
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Murray, Jacqueline. "Religion and Devotion in Europe, c. 1215-c. 1515.R. N. Swanson." Speculum 73, no. 2 (April 1998): 603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2887249.
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Pogorelskaya, E. I. "‘I am begging you for a to-the-point response…’ Letters to M. A. Sholokhov from his readers (1929-1955)." Voprosy literatury, no. 6 (March 22, 2022): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2021-6-266-271.
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This collection of readers’ letters addressed to a single author is the first such publication in Russian studies of literature. The book features various readers’ feedback on M. Sholokhov’s novels And Quiet Flows the Don [ Tikhiy Don] and Virgin Soil Upturned [Podnyataya tselina], as well as several chapters of They Fought for Their Country [ Oni srazhalis za Rodinu]. The introduction details the social background of the correspondents: industrial and agricultural workers, Red Army soldiers, teachers, and Russian émigrés. To compensate for Sholokhov’s missing responses, the book quotes his thoughts about the reader, whom he contrasted with official literary critics. The book concludes with N. Kornienko’s article arguing that in the 20th c., the reader becomes directly and meaningfully involved in the literary process. The reviewer finds that the book offers a stereoscopic view of the reader’s attitude towards these outstanding works of 20th-c. literature.
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Kalynych, Kateryna. "Foreign / World Literature: The Problem of Nominative Definition." Pitannâ lìteraturoznavstva, no. 106 (December 30, 2021): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2022.106.165.
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The terminological load of the phrase “foreign / world literature” is outlined. The attention is focused on the semantic, cultural-historical, epistemological features of this concept. Literature as a verbal art, being formed since the time of oral folk creativity, reflects the corresponding established canon in the national expression, accordingly, the dynamics of the world literary process. It is emphasized that the development of national literatures had strengthened the nature of explicit-implicit literary relationships. It contributed to the formation of new genres, artistic tastes, as well as to the expansion of the recipient`s worldview, and, accordingly, literary concepts. Controversial interpretations of Goethe’s term “Weltliteratur” are considered: supporters who perceived literature as one general world synthesis (F. Moretti) and scientists who predicted the collapse of the views of the German classics (E. Auerbach). The scientific discourse of the 20th century is assumed. Diverse interpretations of the “world literature” paradigm is understood as a collection of all works from antiquity to modern times; an anthology of the best literary texts (a kind of canonization); as a high-quality cultural and intellectual mutual enrichment. The significant contribution to the formation of the “world / foreign literature” paradigm of comparative studies and sociocultural research is emphasized (the works of P. Sorokin, O. Biletsky, L. Gumilyov, G. Gachev, D. Dyuryshin, A. Volkov of the Chernivtsi TPI School). Outlining the term world / foreign literature in the general literary process, the modern concepts of Western literary critics (E. Auerbach, P. Casanova, K. Prado and T. Samuayo, F. Moretti, D. Damrosch, R. Thomsen, J. David, N. Esenlilioglu, S. Uhliga and C. Zhang) are assumed. It is concluded that the diversity of the interpretation of the term “world / universal / foreign” literature directly depends on the historical, cultural and epistemological approaches to considering this issue; however, for all researchers there are common criteria for the nominative definition of the given paradigm – comprehensiveness, canons of a certain method, anthropological value, and participation in globalization processes.
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D.G.C. and C.W.T. "Obituaries: RICHARD N. C. COE(1923-1987)." French Studies XLII, no. 4 (1988): 504–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/xlii.4.504.
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Mundy, J. "Identity in Algerian Politics: The Legacy of Colonial Rule * By JONATHAN N. C. HILL." Journal of Islamic Studies 22, no. 1 (November 29, 2010): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jis/etq070.
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Donaldson, Sandra M., Dominic Bisignano, and Melissa Brotton. "ROBERT AND ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR 1998." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 2 (September 2001): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150301002170.
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The following abbreviations appear in this year’s bibliography:BSN Browning Society Notes. DAI Dissertation Abstracts International. N&Q Notes and Queries. NCL Nineteenth Century Literature. RES Review of English Studies. VLC Victorian Literature and Culture. VP Victorian Poetry. VS Victorian StudiesAn asterisk* indicates that we have not seen the item. Cross references with citation numbers between 51 and 70 followed by a colon (e.g., C68:) refer to William S. Peterson’s Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning: An Annotated Bibliography, 1951–1970 (New York: Browning Institute, 1974); higher numbers refer to Robert Browning: A Bibliography 1830–1950, compiled by L. N. Broughton, C. S. Northup, and Robert Pearsall (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1953).
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Jeung, Jae Hoon, Tae Young Kim, Yu Kyung Kim, Jea Jun Song, Soon Woong Chang, and Woo Jin Chung. "Evaluation on applying Condensate from Food Waste Dry Process as External Carbon Source to Biological Denitrification Process." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 44, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.7.235.
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Objectives:In this study, the applicability of dry condensate generated from food waste dry feed conversion process was evaluated as an external carbon source to increase the efficiency of the biological denitrification process.Methods:The experiment was carried out in the form of a batch test, and dry condensate was injected into each reactor according to the COD and T/N ratio (C/N ratio). Then, the reactor was operated under anoxic conditions for 5 hours, and nitrate nitrogen was analyzed at intervals of 1 hour.Results and Discussion:The dry condensate from food waste showed a low nitrogen content (T-N 220 mg/L) compared to a high organic matter content (TCOD 21,863 mg/L), and was analyzed to satisfy the conditions of an external carbon source in the denitrification process. And as a result of the experiment, it was found that the nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency was up to 76% after 5 hours at a C/N ratio 7.50:1, which was significantly increased compared to the control which was without condensed water (removal efficiency 4%). Moreover, the removal efficiency of 28% was exhibited even at the C/N ratio 0.95:1, which exhibited the lowest efficiency. In addition, as a result of calculating the specific denitrification rate (SDNR) for each C/N ratio, 7.50:1 was found to be as 0.0726 mg NO3-/mg VSS/d, which was significantly increased than that of control as 0.0038mg NO3-/mg VSS/d.Conclusion:Based on these results, it is judged that it is possible to utilize the dried condensate of food waste as an external carbon source in the denitrification process.
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Murdoch, B. "C. S. Lewis and the Church. Essays in Honour of Walter Hooper. Edited by Judith Wolfe and B. N. Wolfe." Literature and Theology 25, no. 3 (April 5, 2011): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litthe/frr011.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Literature and literary studies, n.e.c"
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Foreman, Chelsea. "The Methodology of Reading : An analysis of current literary classroom material." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71433.
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The purpose of this essay is to conduct an analysis of four different classroom materials for the English 6 course in order to see the extent to which the textbooks follow accepted teaching methodology for reading, and whether or not their methodology changed after the curriculum switch in 2011. The books being analysed are Progress Gold C, Streams in Literature, Blueprint C Version 2.0, and Viewpoints 2. The analysis has been done by first looking at the teaching methodology literature in order to create a framework of questions to follow when analysing the classroom material, and from that framework looking at what reading activities are available and which model they follow, whether the texts activate different areas of knowledge for the students, and the variety of reading purposes that are available in each book. The answers have then been summarised individually for each point that has been picked out in the framework, and I have then briefly discussed whether or not there is a difference between the textbooks published prior to the curriculum change contra those published afterwards. The conclusion of my analysis is that each of the books is strong in its own way, but that they do not all adhere to the chosen teaching methodology models – with Viewpoints 2 being the strongest in relation to the chosen framework, and Streams in Literature being the weakest. The books are all very similar at first glance, but it is clear to see that each of the authors has chosen their own way of handling the subject of reading literature in the classroom, with Streams in Literature choosing to focus almost entirely on the texts, while Progress Gold C and Blueprint C Version 2.0 have a much heavier focus on linguistics, and Viewpoints 2 strikes a balance between the two. My conclusion is that while all four of the books seem to follow the teaching methods analysed in this essay to some degree, all of them would require a good amount of revision in order to be more optimally developed towards the teaching theories presented here.Syftet med denna uppsats är att genomföra en analys av fyra olika klassrumsmaterial som tillhör Engelska 6 kursen för att kunna se i vilken utsträckning textböckerna följer den accepterade undervisningsmetodiken kring läsning, och om metodiken ändrades efter kursplansbytet 2011 eller inte. Böckerna som analyseras är Progress Gold C, Streams in Literature, Blueprint C Version 2.0, och Viewpoints 2. Analysen har genomförts genom att först titta på litteraturen kring undervisningsmetodik för att skapa en teoretisk ram med frågor att följa när böckerna analyseras, och att sedan utifrån den ramen titta på vilka aktiviteter som finns och vilken modell de följer, om de aktiverar olika kunskapsområden hos eleverna, samt variationen mellan vilka lässyften finns i böckerna. Svaren har sedan sammanfattats individuellt för varje bok och punkt i den teoretiska ramen, och jag har då diskuterat översiktligt om det finns en skillnad mellan textböckerna som är utgivna innan kursplansbytet jämfört med de som är utgivna efter bytet. Sammanfattningen av min analys är att varje textbok är stark på sitt eget sätt, men att inte alla följer den valda undervisningsmetodiksmodellen – förhållandet till den teoretiska ramen är starkast i Viewpoints 2 och svagast i Streams in Literature.Böckerna är vid första anblick väldigt lika, men man kan tydligt se att varje författare har valt sitt eget sätt att hantera hur man läser literatur i klassrummet. Streams in Literature väljer att fokusera nästan enbart på texterna, medans Progress Gold C och Blueprint C Version 2.0 har ett mycket tyngre fokus på lingvistik, och Viewpoints 2 har hittat en balans medan de två olika sätten. Min slutsats är att även om alla fyra textböcker verkar till en viss grad följa undervisningsmetodiken som har analyserats i denna uppsats så skulle alla behöva en stor mängd revideringar för att vara mer optimalt anpassade mot den presenterade undervisningsmetodiken.
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Virmes, Junior Clacir. "Hermenêutica filosófica literária em diálogo com a teologia: o problema do mal na Trilogia Cósmica de C. S. Lewis." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7903.
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This thesis has as its goal to study the problem of evil through literature with the aid of the literary philosophical hermeneutics. In order to develop this theme, in first place, we seek to localize this study within the religion studies. We propose that hermeneutics can be a mediator among philosophy, theology, religion studies, and their respective approaches to religion. Next, we present exemplary how the discussions of philosophy, theology, and religion studies occur inside literature. We show also, briefly, how the problem of evil is placed as a theme of interest for philosophy and theology. At the end of this part, we present C. S. Lewis, the author whose work Out of the Silent Planet is the object of our study, and we expose the methodology of this thesis. In the second chapter, we discuss panoramically the problem of evil in philosophy and theology. Then, we present a panel with the major studies that examine the interface between the problem of evil and the works of C. S. Lewis. At the end of the chapter, we list the main categories/aspects of the problem of evil which are articulated in the apologetic approach of Lewis in The Problem of Pain, and that echoes in the fictional narrative of our object of study. The main categories/aspects of the problem of evil, which relate to the first volume of the Space Trilogy are: divine omnipotence, the fall of man, the human pain and the animal pain. In order to study the problem of evil in the literature, we seek in the literary philosophical hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur a model of analysis. We abstract from the work Time and Narrative the Ricoeurian triple mímesis as an itinerary for the study of Out of the Silent Planet. At last, we apply the resulting model to the analysis of the first volume of the C. S. Lewis’s Space Trilogy. In mímesis I, we study the fiction environment and the characters of the story. In mímesis II, we locate the chapter in the work where the narrative can be seen as a whole. Then, we describe how the categories/aspects of the problem of evil are articulated in this part of Out of the Silent Planet, we verify how the narrative shares elements of the literature body of the time in which it was produced, and how it breaks from this tradition. In mímesis III, we approach the values and the ethical practical implications that can be verified in the reading of the book. C. S. Lewis proposes in his narrative a theodicy from a theist Christian standpoint, using fiction to transmit his way of understanding the problem of evil and its implications.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar o problema do mal através da literatura com o auxílio da hermenêutica filosófica literária. Para desenvolver esse tema, em primeiro lugar, buscamos localizar este estudo dentro das ciências das religiões. Propomos que a hermenêutica pode ser uma mediadora entre filosofia, teologia, ciências das religiões e suas respectivas abordagens à religião. Depois, apresentamos exemplarmente como as discussões da filosofia, da teologia e das ciências das religiões ocorrem dentro da literatura. Mostramos também, brevemente, como o problema do mal se coloca como tema de interesse para a filosofia e para a teologia. No final da primeira parte, introduzimos C. S. Lewis, o autor cuja a obra Além do planeta silencioso é o objeto do nosso estudo e expomos a metodologia dessa dissertação. No segundo capítulo, discutimos panoramicamente o problema do mal na filosofia e na teologia. Em seguida, apresentamos um painel com os principais estudos que examinam a interface entre o problema do mal e as obras de C. S. Lewis. Ao final do capítulo, elencamos as principais categorias/aspectos do problema do mal que são articuladas na abordagem apologética de Lewis em O problema do sofrimento e que ecoam na narrativa ficcional do nosso objeto de estudo. As principais categorias/aspectos do problema do mal que se relacionam com o primeiro volume da Trilogia cósmica são: a onipotência divina, a queda do homem, o sofrimento humano e o sofrimento animal. Para estudar o problema do mal na literatura, buscamos na hermenêutica filosófica literária de Paul Ricoeur um modelo de análise. Abstraímos da obra Tempo e narrativa a tríplice mimese ricoeuriana como roteiro para o estudo de Além do planeta silencioso. Por fim, aplicamos o modelo resultante à análise do primeiro volume da Trilogia cósmica de C. S. Lewis. Em mímesis I, estudamos a ambientação da ficção e os personagens da história. Em mímesis II, localizamos o capítulo da obra onde a narrativa pode ser vista como um todo. Então, descrevemos como as categorias/aspectos do problema do mal são articuladas nessa parte de Além do planeta silencioso, verificamos como a narrativa compartilha elementos do corpo literário da época em que foi produzida e como ela rompe com essa tradição. Em mímesis III, abordamos os valores e as implicações éticas práticas que podem ser verificadas na leitura do livro. C. S. Lewis propõe em sua narrativa uma teodiceia desde um ponto de vista teísta cristão, utilizando-se da ficção para transmitir sua maneira de entender o problema do mal e suas implicações.
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Goldie, David. "Les adaptations cinématographiques des romans de J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis et J. K. Rowling." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3113.
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L’adaptation existe depuis les débuts du cinéma. Dès lors, le nombre de versions filmiques d’œuvres littéraires ne cesse de croître et l’adaptation reste au cœur de la production cinématographique partout dans. Toutefois nous constatons que l’adaptation se trouve dans une situation quelque peu paradoxale. Ce qui motive sa conception est également à l’origine de la majeure partie des critiques. D’une part, le bénéfice économique est évident. La notoriété d’un roman à succès garantit un public nombreux. D’autre part, le contexte créatif se révèle difficile car, du point de vue ontologique, l’adaptation préserve la comparaison traditionnelle en s’appuyant sur un paradigme oppositionnel des arts où le film se doit de se justifier face au texte source. Se situant à la croisée des arts, l’adaptation focalise un débat sur une hiérarchie notionnelle des arts où la narration à travers des images serait toujours perçue comme inférieure aux autres formes. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions ce phénomène dans le contexte de la résurgence de la fantasy lors des années 2000. Ce fait culturel du monde anglophone atteindra un niveau inattendu au cinéma avec le succès des adaptations des romans de J. R. R. Tolkien et de J. K. Rowling tandis que la réception des versions filmiques des œuvres de C. S. Lewis peut paraître mitigée. À partir de ces constats, nous nous interrogeons parallèlement sur le processus et le produit de l’adaptation en plaçant notre corpus au centre du débat à travers une approche descendante de comparaison. Nous espérons ainsi pouvoir apporter quelques éléments de réflexion sur l’engouement du public pour ces histoires et sur l’adaptation comme domaine d’étudeAdaptation has been a part of cinema since its very beginning. Since then, the number of film versions of literary works which appear on screen has never ceases to increase and adaptation is still at the heart of cinematic production around the world. Adaptation actually exists in a rather paradoxical situation. What motivates its conception is also the source of the majority of criticism against it. On one hand, the economic advantage is clear. The fame of a popular novel guarantees a large audience. On the other hand, its creative context can prove to be difficult since ontologically adaptation serves to preserve the traditional comparison based on an oppositional paradigm of the arts where the film has to justify itself in front of the source text. Standing at a crossroads between the arts, adaptation is the focus of a debate on a notional hierarchy within the arts where narration through images could still be perceived as inferior compared to other forms.We wanted to study this phenomenon within the context of the resurgence of fantasy witnessed in the 2000’s in this thesis. In the English-speaking world this cultural event reached an unexpected level with the success of the adaptations of J. R. R. Tolkien and J. K. Rowling’s novels while the film versions of C. S. Lewis’ works were less well received. With these points in mind, we consider the process and the product of adaptation in order to situate our corpus in the debate through a top down approach of comparison. We thus hope to bring some elements of reflections on the craze for these stories and the domain of adaptation studies
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Demerliac, Oriane. "Le locus de la mer chez les poètes augustéens : miroir et creuset des mutations poétiques, politiques et morales du début du Principat." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN066.
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Pour montrer la richesse des représentations poétiques de la mer, l’époque augustéenne constitue un moment clef. Avec la bataille d’Actium, la mer occupe une place nouvelle à Rome et devient un enjeu majeur, lieu de victoires et de pouvoir dans le discours d’Auguste et dans l’imaginaire romain, à un moment de refondation aussi bien politique que morale de la cité après les guerres civiles. C’est la manière dont cet objet s’est constitué en tant que catalyseur de toutes les grandes mutations de l’époque augustéenne qui retient notre attention. Nous étudions la mer comme locus, c’est-à-dire comme un objet poétique susceptible de refléter ou de modifier le lieu réel où l’activité humaine se déploie durant l’histoire grecque et romaine, mais aussi les représentations socioculturelles. Dans notre première partie, nous entreprenons une comparaison des rapports à la mer chez les Grecs et les Romains, dans leur histoire, leurs mentalités et leur littérature. Il apparaît que d’un point de vue axiologique, si la mer des poètes augustéens reçoit un traitement négatif en grande partie influencé par la poésie grecque, ce motif est enrichi d’un élément inédit : la condamnation de la navigation. Reliée aux guerres et à la luxuria, elle s’inspire chez les poètes augustéens d’une synthèse entre les influences de la philosophie grecque et de la morale traditionnelle : elle devient le lieu d’expression des passions humaines, depuis la cupidité jusqu’à la colère du Prince. Mais les poètes augustéens ont aussi été sensibles à l’héritage grec du motif épique de la mer : Virgile, dans l’Énéide, élabore à partir des modèles grecs un héroïsme nouveau, adapté à l’arrière-plan culturel romain, où prime la pietas, dans des errances où les épreuves maritimes sont systématiquement désamorcées. Ovide, dans ses Métamorphoses, relit Virgile pour déconstruire cette mer de la fabrique des héros et proposer une nouvelle représentation de la mer, miroir de la Pax Augusta. Pourtant, c’est l’élégie qui, en transférant toute ses ambiguïtés au locus marin, en fait le mieux le miroir troublant des changements politiques et des mutations morales que connaît Rome au début du Principat : la réélaboration élégiaque du motif épique de la mer est l’occasion du questionnement et de la réaffirmation des valeurs du mos maiorum, d’expérimentations génériques et surtout de la construction d’un nouvel héroïsme en mer, celui d’Auguste à ActiumTo show the richness of the poetic representations of the sea, the Augustan epoch is considered a key period. With the battle of Actium, the sea holds a new place in Rome and becomes a major stake, place of victories and power in the speech of Augustus and in the Roman imagination, during a political and moral city rebuilding after the civil wars. It is the way this object was established as a catalyst of all the great changes of the Augustan period that holds our attention. We study the sea as locus, that is to say as a poetic object likely to reflect or modify the real place where the human activity spreads out during the Greek and Roman history, but also the socio-cultural representations. In our first part, we undertake a comparison of the relationships with the sea for Greeks and Romans, in their history, their mentalities and their literature. It appears that from an axiological point of view, if the sea of Augustan poets receives a negative treatment as in Greek poetry, this pattern is enriched by a previously unseen element: the navigation condemnation. Linked with war and luxuria, it is inspired for the Augustan poets by a synthesis between the influences of Greek philosophy and traditional morality: it becomes the place of expression of the human passions, from greed to anger of the Prince. But the Augustan poets have also carried the Greek heritage of the epic motif of the sea Virgil, in the Aeneid, develops from the Greek models a new heroism, adapted to the Roman cultural background, where the pietas takes the central part through wanderings where sea trials are systematically undone. Ovid, in his Metamorphoses, rereads Virgil to deconstruct this sea of heroes and to build a new representation of the sea, mirror of the Pax Augusta. However, the elegy, as the most ambiguous genre, introduces the most original and complex vision of the marine locus. Elegiac poets makes it the most disturbing mirror of the political changes and moral mutations that Rome experienced at the beginning of the Principate: the elegiacre-elaboration of the epic motif of the sea is an opportunity to question and reaffirm the values of the mos maiorum, generic experiments and especially the construction of a new heroism at sea, that of Augustus to Actium
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Pape, Marion. "Frauen schreiben Krieg." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15584.
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Kein anderes Thema hat die nigerianische Literatur so dominiert wie der nigerianische Bürgerkrieg, in dessen Verarbeitung sich verstärkt auch Autorinnen einmischen. Die Dissertation evaluiert 34 Texte von 16 nigerianischen Autorinnen - 12 Romane und 22 Kurzgeschichten - und analysiert sie als Gesamtkorpus, in dem die Texte miteinander und mit der Männerliteratur einen Dialog um den Bürgerkrieg führen. Die Autorinnen wenden bei ihrem "war talk" literarische Strategien wie "re-reading" und "re-writing" an, das Neu-Lesen, Fort- und Umschreiben der Texte und Diskurse des "Zentrums", durch die nicht nur die Blindstellen eines von Männern dominierten literarischen Diskurses sichtbar werden, sondern durch die auch der Prozess des Aushandelns der Geschlechterverhältnisse sowie des Krieges selbst erfolgt, seiner Ursachen, Auslöser und Folgen. Die Autorinnen stellen den Krieg als "sexuelle Unordnung" dar, als Geschlechterkrieg. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass bei der Verortung der Perspektive der Autorinnen neben Geschlecht, ethnischer Zugehörigkeit auch andere Faktoren, wie Alter, Race, Grad der Distanz oder Nähe etc. berücksichtigt werden müssen, um vorschnelle Festschreibungen zu vermeiden. Hierbei spielen die Paratexte eine wichtige Rolle, in denen die Autorinnen sich persönlich zum Krieg äußern. Die Arbeit bewegt sich an den Schnittstellen mehrerer Disziplinen: Literatur, Historiographie und Geschlechterstudien. In der Einleitung werden die theoretischen Prämissen im Kontext von Krieg, Geschlecht und literarischer Repäsentation behandelt. Das 1. Kapitel ist dem historischen Kontext des Bürgerkrieges, einschließlich der Rolle der Frauen darin gewidmet. Im 2. Kapitel geht es um die Darstellung des Krieges, des Selbst- und Feindbildes sowie der Zukunft. Das dritte Kapitel handelt von der Beziehung zwischen Bürger- und Geschlechterkrieg, vermittelt durch das Medium literarischer Text. Die Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse und der Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschung erfolgt im Schlussteil. Der Anhang enthält ein vorläufiges Verzeichnis der gesamten Frauenliteratur über den nigerianischen Bürgerkrieg.No other topic has dominated the Nigerian literature as much as the Nigerian Civil War and female authors increasingly interfere in its literary representation. The thesis evaluates 34 literary texts by 16 female Nigerian authors - 12 novels and 22 short stories - and analyses them as distinctive corpus whose individual texts are in a state of dialogue both with each other and with texts from male authors. The female authors use, in their "war talk", literary strategies like "re-reading" and "re-writing" of texts from the "Centre". On the one hand, these strategies enable them to make the blind spots of a male dominated literary discourse apparent/visible on the other hand, they facilitate the negotiation of gender relations and of the war itself, its causes, trigger points and consequences. The female authors represent war as "sexual disorder", as gender war. The study shows that in order to be able to locate an author''s perspective (and to avoid rash conclusions) it is essential to consider the different factors determining it - besides ethnicity and gender, also age, race, the grade of emotional involvement or distance etc. It is in this regard, where the paratexts play an important part, as in these authors express their personal views and comments on the war. The thesis is located at the interfaces of several disciplines: literary, historical and gender studies. The introduction deals with the theoretical backgrounds in the context of war, literary representation and gender. The first chapter is dedicated to the historical context of the Nigerian Civil War including the role of women. The second chapter looks at the paratexts, different representations of the war''s causes, the self-image, the enemy''s image and the future. The third chapter finally deals with the question how the relationship between Civil War and gender war is negotiated/conveyed through the medium of the literary texts. In the conclusion the results are summarized and prospects for future research are discussed. The appendix contains a preliminary bibliography of all literary texts on the Nigerian Civil War written by female authors.
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Heyns, Johan Dirk. "'n Literatuursosiologiese ondersoek na 'n groep Afrikaanse tagtigerprosaskrywers." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16946.
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Text in AfrikaansIn hierdie studie word 'n bydrae tot die beskrywing van 'n resente periode in die Afrikaanse prosageskiedenis, naamlik die dekade 1980-1989, aangepak. Die terme ''Tagtiger" en "tagtigerskrywer" word bespreek en gedefinieer. Negentien skrywers word aan die hand van vyf kanoniseringsmeganismes as belangrike Afrikaanse tagtigerprosaskrywers geidentifiseer. Hierdie skrywers en hulle 51 prosatekste wat tussen 1980-1989 gepubliseer is, word dan deur Vanheste (1981) se vier gei"dentifiseerde literatuursosiologiese aandagsvelde naamlik die outeur, die literere werk, die literere kanaal en die leser ondersoek ten einde die posisie van die gekose skrywers m.b.t. maatskappy en skrywerskap, enkele samebindende aspekte in die proefgroep se tagtigerprosatekste, die funksionering van die literere kanaal t.o.v. hierdie tekste en die resepsie daarvan te bepaal. Met behulp van vraelyste aan die proefgroep is hul houdings t.o.v. 'n aantal aktuele aangeleenthede ondersoek. Ses onderskeidende kategoriee in die proefgroep se tekste, naamlik politiek en betrokkenheid; realisme; grens- en geweldliteratuur; postmodernisme; homoerotiek en goeie gewilde prosa word aangedui. Die posisie van verskillende "hekwagters" in die literere kanaal, saam met die invloed van sensuur op die proefgroep, die rol van die Afrikaanse Skrywersgilde en die "little magazines" wat publikasiegeleenthede vir die jong skrywers gebied het, ontvang aandag. J.C.Kannemeyer as geskiedskrywer en 'n verskeidenheid resensente se waarde-oordele word nagegaan. Aan die hand van Vanheste se literatuursosiologiese kommunikasiemodel, gekombineer met sy (aangepaste) analisemodel, word etlike sosiale werklikhede in Alexander Strachan se 'n Wereld sander grense dan onder die loep geneem. Die ondersoekterrein van die literatuursosiologie dek s6 'n wye veld dat heelwat interessante aspekte noodwendig agterwee moes bly. Resepsiestudies van lesers gedurende die tagtigerdekade was nie moontlik nie en 'n resepsiestudie kon ongelukkig eers vyf jaar na die tagtigerdekade uitgevoer word. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe in hierdie studie gekom word, is dat, hoewel waarskynlik nie op dieselfde betekenisvlak as die term "Sestigers" nie, daar wel van ooreenkomste in die werk van Afrikaanse tagtigerskrywers gepraat kan word. Samehang word ook aangedui tussen die sosiale omwereld en die tagtigertekste wat daarbinne tot stand gekom het, veral met betrekking tot tematiese en stilistiese keuses. Terselfdertyd het die literere werke van hierdie dekade 'n invloed uitgeoefen op die omwereld waarbinne dit verskyn het
This study attempts to make a contribution to the description of a recent period in Afrikaans Prose History, namely the decade 1980-1989. The term writer of the Eighties is defined and discussed. Nineteen writers have been identified as important Afrikaans Eighties writers with the aid of five canonization mechanisms. These writers and their 51 prosa texts published between 1980-1989 are then investigated by means of Vanheste's four identified attention areas in the sociology of literature, namely the author, the literary work, the literary channel as well as the reader. Questionnairs have been used to investigate the attitude of the trial group with regards to a number of current affairs. Six distinguishing categories have been identified in the texts of the trial group namely politics, realism, border and violence literature, postmodernism, homo-erotics and popular prose. The position of different gate-keepers in the literary channel, together with the influence of censorship on the trial group, the role of the "Afrikaanse Skrywersgilde" and the "little magazines", together with publication opportunities offered to these young writers, have enjoyed attention. J.C.Kannemeyer as historian, together with the critics as readers of the trial group's texts are investigated. The manipulation of a few social realities in Alexander Strachan's 'n Wereld sander grense is investigated in terms of Vanheste's communication model of literary sociology, combined with his (adapted) analysis model. The field of investigation of the sociology of literary covers such a wide field that numerous interesting aspects had to be omitted. Reception studies during the decade of the eighties were not possible and could, unfortunately, only be done five years after the decade of the eighties. The conclusion of this study is that, although not at quite the same level of significance as the term "Sixties", one could still find similarities in the works of Afrikaans writers from the Eighties decade. Cohesion between the social world and the texts of the Vll eighties have evolved from it, especially with regards to thematic and stilistic choices. At the same time, the literary works of this decade have contributed to the social world in which they were published
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Afrikaans)
Books on the topic "Literature and literary studies, n.e.c"
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Donskov, A. A. Novye materialy L. N. Tolstogo i o Tolstom. Bern: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 1997.
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Perry, Nicole. Vergessene Stimmen, nationale Mythen / Forgotten Voices, National Myths: Literarische Beziehungen zwischen Österreich und Kanada / Literary Relations Between Austria and Canada. Innsbruck: innsbruck university press, 2019.
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Mathis-Moser, Ursula. Écrire au-delà de la fin des temps ? / Writing Beyond the End Times?: "Les littératures au Canada et au Québec / The Literatures of Canada and Quebec ". Innsbruck: innsbruck university press, 2017.
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1948-, Davis Robert Con, and Schleifer Ronald, eds. Contemporary literary criticism: Literary and cultural studies. 4th ed. New York: Longman, 1998.
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Atkin, Lara. Early Public Libraries and Colonial Citizenship in the British Southern Hemisphere. Cham: Springer Nature, 2019.
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Larsson, Andreas. Gogol' und das Problem der menschlichen Identitaet: Die "Petersburger Erzaehlungen" und der "Revisor" als Beispiele fuer ein grundlegendes Thema in den Werken von N. V. Gogol'. Bern: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 1992.
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Lewis, C. S. The C. S. Lewis Bible. New York: HarperOne, 2010.
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Ruthven, K. K. Feminist literary studies: An introduction. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
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Hall, Alaric. Útrásarvíkingar!: The Literature of the Icelandic Financial Crisis. Brooklyn, NY: punctum books, 2020.
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Brinkjost, Ulrike. Geschichte und Geschichten: Aesthetischer und historiographischer Diskurs bei N. M. Karamzin. Bern: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 2000.
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Gerchikova, Irina A. "Soviet Literary Czech Studies (Bohemistics) in the Era of “Normalization”." In Inter-Slavic cultural ties. Results and perspectives of research, 275–89. Institute of Slavic Studies RAS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0452-7.18.
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The topic of the article is the Soviet literary Bohemistry of the period of «normalization», 1969-1989, the era of total control over cultural life in Czechoslovakia, when aesthetic criteria almost completely disappeared from literary criticism and only works that expressed support for the regime were translated. It shows how the Soviet bohemists (I. Bernstein, L. Budagova, S. Nikolsky, N. Shulgina, the Leningrad group: V. Kamenskaya, I. Inov, O. Malevich, I. Porochkina and others) tried to present authors, representatives of the so-called «shadow zone», and in difficult conditions of censorship, self-censorship, fears and doubts created for readers and all those interested in the idea of a small but original Czech literature, which gave the world great writers.
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Paran, Amos, and Sam Duncan. "Snapshots of Reality." In Teaching Literature and Language Through Multimodal Texts, 1–21. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5796-8.ch001.
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This chapter discusses the way in which teachers teaching literature in the Language B International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme incorporate film into their teaching. It presents findings from a mixed methods study, using a large-scale survey of Language B teachers (n=265) and case studies of three schools, incorporating lesson observations and teacher interviews. Analysis of the data relating to film revealed that teachers use film in their literature classroom fairly frequently, are aware of film as an important cultural artefact, and use a wide variety of filmed versions of the literature they taught. Films are used for a variety of purposes, from raising accessibility and helping learners to understand the plot to discussing issues of film adaptation. Using Eken's framework, the main approaches to using film were identified as focusing on the literary and linguistic aspects of the film, rather than on the dramatic and cinematic aspects.
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Paderina, Ekaterina G. "Gogol’s “The Carriage”: Problems of Text Criticism with a Parody Author’s Task." In Questions of Source and Text Studies of Russian Literature of the 19th Century. Collection of articles based on the materials of the International Scientific Conference, 91–126. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0687-1-91-126.
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Criticism of the text of Gogol’s story “The Carriage” is complicated by the absence of a blank autograph and discrepancies between the two printed editions — in Pushkin’s “Sovremennik” (1836) and in the “Works of N. Gogol”, edited by N.Ya. Prokopovich (1842). The article substantiates the importance of such an additional factor as the parodic nature of the story in solving еditional problems. For a long time, “The Carriage” was perceived only as a joke and household satire. In the 1990s, Gogol studies began to discuss the parody specifics of the genre of this work. The specific characteristics of the story are the comic stylization of popular literary signs of the middle of nowhere, the mores of landowners, the habits and entertainment of provincial and quartered regimental officers, plot and compositional stereotypes, speech patterns, etc. At the same time, the parody level is subordinated to an independent literary plot, a holistic comic image. The author of the article is convinced that Gogol’s intention of parodying narrative cliches and the parodic nature of the narrator’s speech figure should be taken into account when solving textual and traditional problems, including attribution of editorial edits in two printed sources — to Gogol himself, Pushkin and Prokopovich.
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Iram and Gaurav Raheja. "Understanding the Quality of Life of Indian Elderly During COVID-19 Pandemic from Universal Design Perspective." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220820.
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India is rapidly growing towards a demographic future where a significant proportion of the population is over 60 years and above. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the restrictions imposed to minimize the virus transmission have a detrimental effect on the Quality of Life (QoL) of the elderly, limiting their mobility and social interaction. As a result, social isolation and loneliness have become significant health issues. This study attempts to understand the QoL of Indian elderly during COVID-19 pandemic from universal design (UD) perspective. The objectives were: (a) Discuss the QoL of Indian elderly during COVID-19; (b) Identify the factors affecting QoL of elderly during pandemic; (c) Find the link between factors associated with QoL and UD philosophy. These objectives were achieved by desk-based literature review and a pilot study of Solanipuram, a typical urban neighborhood in Roorkee located in Northern India. Personal in-depth interview sessions with limited number of (n=20) participants aged 60 years and above; belonging to upper-middle income group, are conducted and analyzed using the inductive thematic technique. The previous research suggests that, to date, QoL has been described as well-being resulting from physical, functional, emotional, social, and environmental factors. Whereas, UD allows for the inclusion of the ‘cultural’ dimension into the discussions. Especially in a country with diversity like India, where elderly discusses the impact of physical distancing, limited mobility, and social interactions on their QoL during COVID-19. This study indicates that the application of UD philosophy in response to pandemic can promote well-being and enhance the QoL of elderly.
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Gavrilchenko, Oksana V. "“Yes, Vaudeville is a Thing!” by V.N. Yakhontov: on the History of Stage Interpretations of Gogol’s “The Carriage”." In Questions of Source and Text Studies of Russian Literature of the 19th Century. Collection of articles based on the materials of the International Scientific Conference, 186–205. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0687-1-186-205.
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The article is devoted to the history of the creation and existence on the stage of a unique play, which was based on three small parody works of Russian classical literature: the poetic story “The House in Kolomna” by A. Pushkin, the story “The Carriage” by N. Gogol and the poem “The Tambov Treasurer’s Wife” by M. Lermontov. Its peculiarity is that it was performed by one actor, V. Yakhontov, in “the smallest theater in the world”, i.e. “Sovremennik”. According to the reviews of the performance’s witnesses, the actor knew how to subtly play with literary material. In different works, Yakhontov noticed the common, and using the technique of assembling texts, he created an artistic wholeness in which new connections between its constituent parts were revealed. The typescript of the composition “Yes, vaudeville is a thing!” allows to see what changes the actor makes in order to turn the works intended for reading into a performance, that will be played by one person. We were primarily interested in the edit made by Yakhontov in the text of Gogol’s “The Carriage”. Not being able to watch “Yes, vaudeville is a thing!” in the recording, we get an idea of it from the artist’s memories and critical responses. Judging by these reviews, contemporaries assessed the performance with its undoubted artistic merit, not so much from the point of view of aesthetic and theatrical studies as from the point of view of its correspondence to the spirit of the time.
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Schneider, Carsten Q. "Macro-Qualitative Approaches." In The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, 173–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829911.003.0017.
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Macro-qualitative (MQ) approaches to the study of regime transformation can be defined as those that (a) in order to describe or explain macro-level phenomena (b) predominantly use qualitative data and (c) make claims about these phenomena in terms of set relations. MQ approaches can be static or dynamic and are normally used for single-case or small- to medium-N-sized studies. The set of methods employed in MQ research thus defined ranges from qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to sequence elaboration and process tracing. Classics in the MQ transformation literature can be interpreted in terms of set theory. For instance, Lipset (1959) famously claimed that there are social conditions that are necessary for the functioning of democracy.
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"Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries." In Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries, edited by Gianfranco D’Onghia, Porzia Maiorano, and Letizia Sion. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874004.ch13.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—This paper reviews the literature on the reproduction of grenadiers in the Mediterranean Sea providing the first data on fecundity and oocyte dynamics for saddled grenadier <em>Coelorinchus coelorhincus, </em>glasshead grenadier <em>Hymenocephalus italicus, </em>and bluntsnout grenadier <em>Nezumia sclerorhynchus</em>. The studies on the reproduction of grenadiers in the Mediterranean indicate that <em>C. coelorhincus</em>, <em>H. italicus </em>and <em>N. aequalis </em>reproduce asynchronously throughout the year but perhaps more actively in some seasons. Aseasonal continuous spawning can only be assumed for <em>N. sclerorhynchus </em>while <em>Trachyrinchus scabrus </em>seems to be the only studied species with an annual cycle and spawning during winter. Seasonal reproduction during autumn-winter has been suggested for <em>Coelorinchus mediterraneus</em>. Nothing is known for the two lower slope-dwelling Mediterranean macrourids <em>Coryphaenoides guentheri </em>and <em>Coryphaenoides mediterraneus. </em>Immature, maturing, mature and running ripe females of <em>C. coelorhincus, H. italicus </em>and <em>N. sclerorhynchus </em>were collected during June and October 2005 in the northwestern Ionian Sea (eastern-central Mediterranean). From running ripe ovaries, the absolute (total number of eggs > 0.1 mm) and functional fecundity (hydrated oocytes) were estimated. The oocyte diameter distributions showed a multimodal trend in all three species in both seasons, confirming that these grenadiers reproduce serially as multiple batch spawners. The absolute fecundity was between 1,320 and 8,897 in <em>C. coelorhincus</em>, between 275 and 1,806 in <em>H. italicus </em>and between 964 to 3,553 in <em>N. sclerorhynchus. </em>The functional fecundity ranged from 318 to 4,742 in <em>C. coelorhincus, </em>from 84 to 248 in <em>H. italicus </em>and from 258 to 1,057 in <em>N. sclerorhynchus</em>.
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"Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries." In Grenadiers of the World Oceans: Biology, Stock Assessment, and Fisheries, edited by Gianfranco D’Onghia, Porzia Maiorano, and Letizia Sion. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874004.ch13.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Abstract.</em>—This paper reviews the literature on the reproduction of grenadiers in the Mediterranean Sea providing the first data on fecundity and oocyte dynamics for saddled grenadier <em>Coelorinchus coelorhincus, </em>glasshead grenadier <em>Hymenocephalus italicus, </em>and bluntsnout grenadier <em>Nezumia sclerorhynchus</em>. The studies on the reproduction of grenadiers in the Mediterranean indicate that <em>C. coelorhincus</em>, <em>H. italicus </em>and <em>N. aequalis </em>reproduce asynchronously throughout the year but perhaps more actively in some seasons. Aseasonal continuous spawning can only be assumed for <em>N. sclerorhynchus </em>while <em>Trachyrinchus scabrus </em>seems to be the only studied species with an annual cycle and spawning during winter. Seasonal reproduction during autumn-winter has been suggested for <em>Coelorinchus mediterraneus</em>. Nothing is known for the two lower slope-dwelling Mediterranean macrourids <em>Coryphaenoides guentheri </em>and <em>Coryphaenoides mediterraneus. </em>Immature, maturing, mature and running ripe females of <em>C. coelorhincus, H. italicus </em>and <em>N. sclerorhynchus </em>were collected during June and October 2005 in the northwestern Ionian Sea (eastern-central Mediterranean). From running ripe ovaries, the absolute (total number of eggs > 0.1 mm) and functional fecundity (hydrated oocytes) were estimated. The oocyte diameter distributions showed a multimodal trend in all three species in both seasons, confirming that these grenadiers reproduce serially as multiple batch spawners. The absolute fecundity was between 1,320 and 8,897 in <em>C. coelorhincus</em>, between 275 and 1,806 in <em>H. italicus </em>and between 964 to 3,553 in <em>N. sclerorhynchus. </em>The functional fecundity ranged from 318 to 4,742 in <em>C. coelorhincus, </em>from 84 to 248 in <em>H. italicus </em>and from 258 to 1,057 in <em>N. sclerorhynchus</em>.
Conference papers on the topic "Literature and literary studies, n.e.c"
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Kravtsova, Marina. "“A LOST TREASURE”: ON FOLK ORIGINS OF THE VERSES OF CHU (CHUCI)." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.17.
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This article is focused on analysis of the hypothesis of the local song folklore origins of the famous poetic phenomenon chuci (elegies/songs of Chu) that represents the literary heritage of the southern (Yangtze Basin) region of the Ancient China (the Zhou epoch, 11th–3rd centuries B. C.) and is associated with the emergence of the Chinese poetry. Although today the thesis about the folklore origins of chuci, or rather of the poetic pieces presented by the Chuci (Verses/Elegies of Chu, Songs of the South) collection, is generally accepted, the author argues that, first, during the 1st–7th centuries A. D. the chuci poetry was stable considered within the Chinese book knowledge to be created by exclusively the literary genius of Qu Yuan (4th–3rd centuries B. C.), the great poet of the Chu Kingdom (11th–3rd centuries B. C.). Secondly, the views on chuci as an autochthonous (“southern”) poetic tradition dating back to the local folk art emerged in the 12th–13th centuries and finally established itself in the Chinese literature studies of the first third of the 20th century, all these under the influence of the ideological processes, caused by synchronic historical and political events. Thirdly, although the existence of developed song-poetic folklore in Chu Kingdom seems quite permissible, it for some reason remained out of fixation by that day written sources, including transmitted texts and archaeological materials (epigraphic inscription and excavated manuscripts). Therefore, almost nothing is known as a matter of fact of the hypothetic Chu song folklore what makes it impossible to recognize its true influence on origins and further on evolution of the chuci tradition.
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"O-036 - CLINICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSTANCE-INDUCED PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS WHO HAVE A LIFETIME MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND A SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER." In 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.o036.
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INTRODUCTION Patients with lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorder (SUD) have a more severe clinical presentation compared to MDD patients without SUD (1). Substance-induced psychotic symptoms (SIPS) are clinically relevant as may be related to worse prognosis and mortality (2); however, little is known about SIPS in patients with lifetime MDD. OBJECTIVE this research pretends to describe clinical characteristics in MDD patients with SIPS. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed by evaluating sociodemographic and clinical features in adult patients with SUD and MDD in an outpatient center for addiction in Barcelona. SIPS were evaluated by clinical interview. Univariate and bivariate analysis were executed comparing patients with and without SIPS. RESULTS In total, 691 patients with MDD and SUD were evaluated. From this sample, 290 patients had a lifetime SIPS while the others (n=401) did not have any lifetime SIPS. For all the comparison see Table 1. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SUD and MDD who have had SIPS throughout life present a different profile from those who have not presented SIPS, having a more severe clinical presentation. Further investigations on this issue have to be performed, especially longitudinal studies. REFERENCES 1. Torrens M, Tirado-Muñoz J, Fonseca F, Farré M, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Arrojo M, Bernardo M, Arranz B, Garriga M, Saiz PA, Florez G, Goikolea JM, Zorrilla I, Cunill R, Castells X, Becoña E, Lopez A, San L. Clinical practice guideline on pharmacological and psychological management of adult patients with depression and a comorbid substance use disorder. Adicciones. 2021; In Press:1559.. doi: 10.20882/adicciones.1559. 2. Fiorentini A, Cantù F, Crisanti C, Cereda G, Oldani L, Brambilla P. Substance-Induced Psychoses: An Updated Literature Review. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:694863. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.694863.
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McGhee, Paul, Devdas Pai, Sergey Yarmolenko, Jagannathan Sankar, Zhigang Xu, Sudheer Neralla, and Yongjun Chen. "Directional-Tribological Investigation of Magnesium Alloys Under As-Cast and Hot Extrusion Conditions." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51920.
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In recent years, magnesium (Mg) and its alloy are being studied for their potential use in orthopedic implants with the novel ability to biodegrade after the implant serves its therapeutic function. Pure Mg, by itself, would not be suitable for use in a load-bearing implant application, due to its high corrosion rate and poor tribological properties. However, through proper alloying, this degradable metal is capable of achieving good mechanical properties reasonably similar to bone, a retarded rate of corrosion and enhanced biocompatibility. Previous studies have shown that alloying Mg with aluminum, lithium, rare earth (RE), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) result in lower corrosion rates and enhanced mechanical properties. Despite the growing popularity of Mg and it alloys, there is relatively little information in the literature on their wear performance. In this paper, we report on an investigation of the directional tribological properties of Mg and Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy fabricated via two different manufacturing processing routes: as-cast and hot-extruded after casting, with extrusion ratios of 10 and 50. Pure Mg was cast 350°C. After casting, Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy was heat-treated at 510°C. Another Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy was hot-extruded at 400°C. Dry sliding wear tests were performed on as-cast and hot-extruded pure Mg and Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloys using a reciprocating test configuration. Wear rate, coefficient of friction and wear coefficient were measured under applied loads ranging from 0.5–2.5N at sliding frequency of 0.2 Hz for 120 cycles, using microtribometery. Wear properties of the extruded specimen were measured in cross-section and longitudinal section. In the longitudinal section studies, wear properties were investigated along the extrusion direction and the transverse direction. Hardness properties were evaluated using microindentation. Cross-section and longitudinal section were indented with a Vickers indenter under applied load of 2.94 N. Alloying and extrusion enhanced the mechanical properties significantly, increased hardness by 80% and wear resistance by 50% compared to pure Mg. Despite the low hardness in both Mg and the Mg alloy cross-sections, the cross-sections for both displayed higher wear resistance compared to the longitudinal section. In the longitudinal section, wear resistance was higher along the transverse direction of the longitudinal section for both Mg and the Mg alloy. The wear coefficient was used to evaluate how the wear behavior of the material varied with respect to alloying, fabrication process, and direction of wear. The wear coefficient of pure Mg decreased as the extrusion ratio increased, thus, increasing the specific wear rate. The opposite behavior was found in the Mg alloy: as the wear coefficient increases, the specific wear rate decreases. The active wear mechanisms observed on the worn surface of Mg were fatigue, abrasive, adhesive and delamination wear. The same wear mechanisms were observed in the Mg alloy except for fatigue wear. Surface microstructure and topographical characterization were conducted using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy mechanical stylus profilometry, and optical profilometry.
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Zhang, Yifei, Zijie Cai, Jeffrey C. Suhling, and Pradeep Lall. "Aging Effects on the Mechanical Behavior and Reliability of SAC Alloys." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89373.
Full textAbstract:
The microstructure, mechanical response, and failure behavior of lead free solder joints in electronic assemblies are constantly evolving when exposed to isothermal aging and/or thermal cycling environments. In our prior work on aging effects, we have demonstrated that the observed material behavior variations of Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) lead free solders during room temperature aging (25°C) and elevated temperature aging (125°C) were unexpectedly large and universally detrimental to reliability. Such effects for lead free solder materials are especially important for the harsh applications environments present in high performance computing and in automotive, aerospace, and defense applications. However, there has been little work in the literature, and the work that has been done has concentrated on the degradation of solder ball shear strength (e.g. Dage Shear Tester). Current finite element models for solder joint reliability during thermal cycling accelerated life testing are based on traditional solder constitutive and failure models that do not evolve with material aging. Thus, there will be significant errors in the calculations with the new lead free SAC alloys that illustrate dramatic aging phenomena. In the current work, we have extended our previous studies to include a full test matrix of aging temperatures and solder alloys. The effects of aging on mechanical behavior have been examined by performing stress-strain and creep tests on four different SAC alloys (SAC105, SAC205, SAC305, SAC405) that were aged for various durations (0–6 months) at room temperature (25°C), and several elevated temperatures (50, 75, 100, and 125°C). Analogous tests were performed with 63Sn-37Pb eutectic solder samples for comparison purposes. Variations of the mechanical and creep properties (elastic modulus, yield stress, ultimate strength, creep compliance, etc.) were observed and modeled as a function of aging time and aging temperature. In this paper, we report on the creep results. The chosen selection of SAC alloys has allowed us to explore the effects of silver content on aging behavior (we have examined SACN05 with N = 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% silver; with all alloys containing 0.5% copper). In order to reduce the aging induced degradation of the material behavior of the SAC alloys, we are testing several doped SAC alloys in our ongoing work. These materials include SAC0307-X, SAC105-X, and SAC305-X; where the standard SAC alloys have been modified by the addition of small percentages of one or more additional elements (X). Using dopants (e.g. Bi, In, Ni, La, Mg, Mn, Ce, Co, Ti, etc.) has become widespread to enhance shock/drop reliability, and we have extended this approach to examine the ability of dopants to reduce the effects of aging and extend thermal cycling reliability.
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Samama, M., J. Conard, M. H. Horellou, G. Nguyen, Van Dreden, and J. H. Soria. "ABNORMALITIES OF FIBRINOGEN AND FIBRINOLYSIS IN FAMILIAL THROMBOSIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643716.
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We have reviewed our own experience (400 patients with documented thromboembolic disease) as well as that recorded in the literature. Impaired fibrinolysis after venous occlusion (VO) was the most common finding in patients with history of thrombosis (35% in our series). In contrast, very few families with such an alteration and thrombosis have been reported, suggesting that this disorder is most frequently acquired. In a series of 59 patients with history of thromboembolism, 25 patients with an abnormal responseto an 10 min. V0 on 2 different occasions (group A) were compared with 34 patients who had a normal response toV0 (group B). A positive family history was present in 50% of cases of both groups. A congenital deficiency in AT III, protein C or plasminogen was ruled out in all patients. In group A, as compared to group B, t-PA antigen (Elisa method) and activity (fibrinplates) were significantly lower after V0, basal PAI activity (Verheijen method) was higher (increased in 84 and 11% of patients in groups A and B respectively) and PAI after V0 was also higher in group A (p < 0.01). In this group an associated abnormal t-PA release cannot be reliably ruled out. In patients with abnormal V0 but normal basal PAI (n = 4), a decreased plasminogen activator release may besuspected.According to animal and in vitro studies, bovine and, to a less degree,human activated protein C (APC) may stimulate fibrinoly-* sis. In a groupof 46 patients with congenital proteinC deficiency, we could not demonstrate a significant alteration of the fibri-lytic response to V0 by common lysis tests on diluted whole blood, euglobulins or plasma ; in addition basalPAI activity levels were not significantly different from normal values,even in one homozygous patient. However, an alteration of fibrinolysis localized at the vascular surface and/or irrelevance of the tests used in thesepatients cannot be excluded.In principle, a contact factor deficiency could predispose to thrombosis since intrinsic activation of fibrinolysis requires factor XII, prekallikrein (PK) and high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK). However,there is no strong evidence for this relationship. A small number of plasminogen deficiencies associated with thrombosis have been reported, with decreased activity and normal or concommitantly reduced antigen.We have observed onlyone case of familialplasminogen deficiency (both antigen and activity) out of the 400 patients studied. The relationship between the deficiencyandthe occurence of thrombosis has been questioned since,although thrombosis occuredin our propositus as well as in some of the patients reported in the literature, accidents were infre quent in other affected family members.Although predisposition to thrombosis in patients with hypo- or dysfibrinogenemia (D) seems paradoxical, several reasons can account for this apparent coincidence. Fibrin possesses antithrombin properties and enhances plasminogen activation induced by t-PA. Moreover, fibrinogen binding to platelets is an essential step in the mechanism of platelet aggregation. Alteration of these different functions could enhance thrombosis. In fact, thrombotic episodes were observed in about 10% of probands with D and in 4 patients with hypofibrinogenemia. The siblings with D are frequently asymptomatic. In few cases it has been shown that the abnormal fibrinogen could predispose tothrombosis such as in Dusard syndrome. Several family members suffered from a severe thrombotic disorder. A defective fibrinolysis due to an impaired fibrin enhanced plasminogen activation by t-PA was demonstrated. In Fibrinogen Oslo an increase of fibrinogen platelet aggregation cofactor activity was postulated to predispose to venous thrombosis.A defective thrombin bindingto fibrin was found in at least 3 cases ofD(fibrinogen New York I, Malmoe, Milano).Infibrinogen New York an associated defective binding of t-PA was shown. The findings concerning a defective thrombin, plasminogen, or t-PA binding to fibrin in some patients with fibrinogen alteration suggesttheimportant role of clot structure in the pathogenesis of some thrombotic disorders.In conclusion, the best tests to detecthypofibrinolysis have still to be determined : whole blood or plasma, lysis tests ormore specific assays such as t-PA or PAI, venous occlusion of 10 min. or more. In addition, a defective fibrinolysis can be associated with a well-defined congenital deficiency in coagulation inhibitors.