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Academic literature on the topic 'LIQUID MIXTURE'

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Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

1

Lee, T. Y. Tom, Mali Mahalingam, and Peter J. C. Normington. "Subcooled Pool Boiling Critical Heat Flux in Dielectric Liquid Mixtures." Journal of Electronic Packaging 115, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2909294.

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The beneficial effect of using dielectric liquid mixture in reducing temperature overshoot in pool boiling has been studied by the authors (Normington et al., 1992). The current experimental work addresses the influence of mixtures of dielectric liquids on the critical heat flux (CHF) in pool boiling. Two families of dielectric liquids were evaluated: perfluorocarbon liquids and perfluoropolyether liquids. Each set of the family consisted of two liquids with boiling points ranging from 80°C−110°C. Both 100 percent of each liquid and mixtures of two liquids were tested. Video filming was used along with electronic data collection. The perfluoropolyether liquids showed an increase in CHF as more high boiling liquid was added to the mixture, while the perfluorocarbon liquids had a constant CHF for all mixtures.
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2

Tabassum, Shagufta, and V. P. Pawar. "Complex permittivity spectra of binary polar liquids using time domain reflectometry." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 08, no. 03 (June 2018): 1850019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x18500194.

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The study of complex properties in a binary mixture of polar liquids has been carried out in the frequency range of 10[Formula: see text]MHz to 30 GHz at 293[Formula: see text]K and 298[Formula: see text]K temperatures using time domain reflectometry. The complex properties of polar liquids in binary mixture give information about the frequency dispersion in the dielectric permittivity ([Formula: see text]) and dielectric loss ([Formula: see text]). The information regarding the orientation of electric dipoles in a polar liquid mixture is given by Kirkwood parameters. The Bruggeman parameters are used as the indicator of liquid1 and liquid2 interaction. Molar entropy ([Formula: see text]) and molar enthalpy ([Formula: see text]) are also discussed at the end of the paper.
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Sundaram S, Vasanthi T, Jayaprakash T, Balasubramanian V, and Vijayakumar V N. "Optical and thermal studies on binary liquid crystal mixture." Nanoscale Reports 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/nr.4.7.

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The novel binaryliquid crystal mixture is designed and synthesized from 4-methoxycinnamic acid (MCA) and 4-ethoxycinnamic acid (ECA). Quantum chemical (DFT) calculation for MCA+ECA geometry is optimized by DFT/B3LYP with 6-311G (d, p) basis set and its results are good agreement with experimental data. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic(FT-IR) study confirm the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bond in the liquid crystal mixture .The paramorphic changes in nematic phase and thermo-optic properties of binary liquid crystal mixture isanalyzed using polarizing optical microscope (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. A noteworthy observation in the present liquid crystal mixture possesses smectic A phase along with nematic phases. Intermolecular hydrogen bond interaction and it’s stabilization energy of present mixture is studied by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Due to the transition,the presen tliquid crystal mixtur einduces smecticA phase. The molecular properties of presen t binary liquid crystal mixtureis analyzed by HOMO-LUMO and experimental UV-Visible studies. Thermal spanwidth, stability factor and quantum chemical properties of the liquid crystal mixture are calculated.Molecular electrostatic potential, mulliken atomic charge distribution of the optimized MCA+ECA geometry is also reported.
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4

El-Sinawi, Abdulaziz, Karthik Silaipillayarputhur, Tawfiq Al-Mughanam, and Christopher Hardacre. "Performance of Ionic Liquid-Water Mixtures in an Acetone Cooling Application." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 9, 2021): 2949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052949.

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In this work, the performance of selected ionic liquid-water mixtures was investigated for an acetone cooling application in a process plant using a double pipe heat exchanger. Cooling media such as river water and ionic liquid-water mixtures were compared, specifically water-saturated quaternary phosphonium-based carboxylate ionic liquids were considered in this work. Ionic liquids generally have high thermal stability, resist degradation, and provide higher temperatures at low vapor pressures and for these reasons, ionic liquids can be a good substitute for conventional heat transfer fluids. At each condition, the performance of the ionic liquid mixture was compared with that of water. For the designated cooling application, the performance of water was much better than the ionic liquid mixtures.
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5

Nguyen, Viet Nhan Hoa, Minh Nhan Le, and Man Seung Lee. "Comparison of Extraction Ability between a Mixture of Alamine 336/Aliquat 336 and D2EHPA and Ionic Liquid ALi-D2 from Weak Hydrochloric Acid Solution." Metals 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 1678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121678.

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The development of extraction systems to improve the extraction efficiency of metals using commercial extractants and ionic liquids is of importance. The extraction behavior of Co(II) between mixture of Alamine 336/Aliquat 336 and D2EHPA and synthesized ionic liquid ALi-D2 was compared in this work. Some factors, such as equilibrium pH, properties of the extractants, and concentration of components in the mixture had a remarkable effect on the extraction of Co(II). The interactions occurring in the mixtures as well as the change in solution pH were analyzed. Co(II) was completely extracted by ionic liquid when equilibrium pH was higher than 6.5, while it was difficult to extract Co(II) by employing the mixture of D2EHPA and Alamine 336/Aliquat 336. The formation of ionic liquid in the mixture of D2EHPA and Aliquat 336 was verified through FT-IR spectra. In addition, the competition extraction of hydrogen ion and Co(II) by ionic liquid ALi-D2 was explained. Among the three kinds of extractants, the ionic liquid showed the best extraction efficiency for Co(II) and pH control from weak acidic solutions. The present study provides valuable information on the extraction behavior of metal ion by the mixtures of commercial extractants, and thus can give some light on the development of metal extraction systems.
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6

Belšak, Grega, Saša Bajt, and Božidar Šarler. "Numerical Study of the Micro-Jet Formation in Double Flow Focusing Nozzle Geometry Using Different Water-Alcohol Solutions." Materials 14, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 3614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133614.

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The purpose of this work is to determine, based on the computational model, whether a mixture of a binary liquid is capable of producing longer, thinner and faster gas-focused micro-jets, compared to the mono-constituent liquids of its components. Mixtures of water with two different alcohols, water + ethanol and water + 2-propanol, are considered. The numerical study of pre-mixed liquids is performed in the double flow focusing nozzle geometry used in sample delivery in serial femtosecond crystallography experiments. The study reveals that an optimal mixture for maximizing the jet length exists both in a water + ethanol and in a water + 2-propanol system. Additionally, the use of 2-propanol instead of ethanol results in a 34% jet length increase, while the jet diameters and velocities are similar for both mixtures. Pure ethanol and pure 2-propanol are the optimum liquids to achieve the smallest diameter and the fastest jets. However, the overall aim is to find a mixture with the longest, the smallest and the fastest jet. Based on our simulations, it appears that water + 2-propanol mixture might be slightly better than water + ethanol. This study reveals the dominant effect of liquid viscosity on the jet breakup process in a flow focusing nozzles operated under atmospheric conditions.
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7

Yoshizawa, Masahiro, Asako Narita, and Hiroyuki Ohno. "Design of Ionic Liquids for Electrochemical Applications." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 2 (2004): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch03240.

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Zwitterionic liquids composed of a tethered cation and anion were synthesized and their thermal properties and ionic conductivity were investigated as novel ionic liquids especially for electrochemical applications. We prepared nine zwitterions in this study. In addition, this paper includes 36 kinds of zwitterions already reported in order to discuss the relationship between the zwitterion structure and their properties. Most zwitterions melt above 100°C; their melting points are generally higher than that of simple ionic liquids. When an equimolar amount of lithium salt (LiTFSI, LiBETI, LiCF3SO3, LiBF4, or LiClO4) was added to the zwitterion, the mixture showed only a glass transition temperature Tg. The Tg values of the zwitterionic liquid/salt mixture showed the lowest value of –37°C when mixed with LiTFSI. This mixture also showed the highest ionic conductivity of 8.9 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 100°C. There is a good relationship between Tg and the ionic conductivity of the zwitterionic liquid/lithium salt mixtures.
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8

Silapov, Begench, and Iulian Nistor. "MOVEMENT OF TWO-PHASE GAS-LIQUID FLOW IN HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED PIPES." Romanian Journal of Petroleum & Gas Technology 4 (75), no. 1 (2023): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jpgt.2023.01.06.

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"Two-phase flows are found in almost all areas of technology. For example, tubular evaporators, boiling water reactors, boiler blowdown systems, heaters, boilers, gas lift pumps, oil and geothermal wells, oil and gas pipelines, refrigerators, process pipelines, and condensers. Two-phase flows are classified as mixtures. According to the composition of the mixture are divided: (a) for single-component (or one-component) - vapor-liquid flows; (b) multicomponent - gas-liquid flows. One-component mixtures consist of the same substance in different states of aggregation. This can be not only vapor-liquid, but also a mixture of liquid or vapor with a solid phase, a water-ice mixture, or a vapor flow with ice particles, for example, in sublimation installations. Multicomponent mixtures are a combination of substances of different physical nature. These include not only gas-liquid flows, but also, for example, mixtures of air and sand, water and oil. The paper presents the main attention is paid to the movement of two-phase flows in the pipeline."
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9

Knezevic-Stevanovic, Andjela, Goran Babic, Mirjana Kijevcanin, Slobodan Serbanovic, and Dusan Grozdanic. "Correlation of the liquid mixture viscosities." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 77, no. 8 (2012): 1083–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc120127038k.

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In this paper forty two selected correlation models for liquid mixture viscosities of organic compounds were tested on 219 binary and 41 ternary sets of experimental data taken from literature. The binary sets contained 3675 experimental data points for 70 different compounds. The ternary sets contained 2879 experimental data points for 29 different compounds. The Heric I, Heric-Brewer II, and Krishnan-Laddha models demonstrated the best correlative characteristics for binary mixtures (overall absolute average deviation < 2%). The Heric I, Heric-Brewer II, Krishnan-Laddha and Heric II models demonstrated the best correlative characteristics for ternary mixtures (overall absolute average deviation < 3%).
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10

Staubach, Jens, and Simon Stephan. "Interfacial properties of binary azeotropic mixtures of simple fluids: Molecular dynamics simulation and density gradient theory." Journal of Chemical Physics 157, no. 12 (September 28, 2022): 124702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0100728.

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Interfacial properties of binary azeotropic mixtures of Lennard-Jones truncated and shifted fluids were studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density gradient theory (DGT) in combination with an equation of state. Three binary mixtures were investigated, which differ in the energetic cross interaction parameter that yields different types of azeotropic behavior. This study covers a wide temperature and composition range. Mixture A exhibits a heteroazeotrope at low temperatures, which changes to a low-boiling azeotrope at high temperatures, mixture B exhibits a low-boiling azeotrope, and mixture C exhibits a high-boiling azeotrope. The phase behavior and fluid interfacial properties as well as their relation were studied. Vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria and interfaces were considered. Density profiles, the surface tension, the interfacial thickness, as well as the relative adsorption and enrichment of the components at the interface were studied. The results obtained from the two independent methods (MD and DGT) are overall in good agreement. The results provide insights into the relation of the phase behavior, particularly the azeotropic behavior, of simple fluid mixtures and the corresponding interfacial properties. Strong enrichment was found for the mixture with a heteroazeotrope in the vicinity of the three-phase equilibrium, which is related to a wetting transition.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

1

Cabrera, Córdova César Raymundo. "Quantum liquid droplets in a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663331.

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In this thesis, we report on the design and construction of a quantum simulator experiment using quantum gases in Spain. This experiment exploits mixtures of the three isotopes of potassium, which give access in an original approach to the study of Bose-Bose or Bose-Fermi mixtures using the same experimental setup. We validate our experimental setup with the observation of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 41K and 39K. Moreover we observe the dual Bose-Einstein condensation of 39K–41K. These results represents the first observation of BECs in Spain and give access to a novel quantum degenerate mixture in the field. Since the control of interactions in our experiment are crucial, we characterize the scattering properties of the 39K–41K mixture, and spin mixtures of 39K and 41K. In addition, using a spin mixture of 39K BEC, we report on the observation of a novel state of matter: a composite quantum liquid droplet. This dilute quantum droplet is a liquid-like cluster of ultra-cold atoms self-trapped by attractive mean-field forces and stabilized against collapse by repulsive beyond mean-field many-body effects. This system follows the original proposal where D. Petrov predicted the formation of self-bound liquid droplets in mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates. In the first series of experiments, we have observed the formation of quantum droplets in a regime where the Bose-Bose mixture should collapse from the mean-field perspective.We directly measure the droplet size and ultra-low density via high-resolution in situ imaging, and experimentally confirm their self-bound nature.We demonstrate that the existence of these droplets is a striking manifestation of quantum fluctuations. These droplets do not exist in single-component condensates with described with contact interactions. Finally, we observe that for small atom numbers, quantum pressure dissociates the droplets and drives a liquid-to-gas transition, which we map out as a function of interaction strength. These measurements open an intriguing point of investigation: the difference existing between droplets and bright solitons. In the second series of experiments, we address it by placing the mixture in an optical waveguide, realizing a system that contains both composite bright solitons and quantum liquid droplets. In analogy to non-linear optics, the former can be seen as one-dimensional matter-wave solitons stabilized by dispersion, whereas the latter corresponds to highdimensional solitons stabilized by a higher order non-linearity. We find that depending on atom number, interaction strength and confinement, solitons and droplets can be smoothly connected or remain distinct states coexisting only in a bi-stable region. We measure their spin composition, extract their density for a broad range of parameters, and map out the boundary of the region separating solitons from droplets. Our experiments demonstrate a novel type of ultra-dilute quantum liquid, stabilized only by contact interactions. They provide an ideal platform for benchmarking complex quantum many-body theories beyond the mean-field approximation in a quantum simulation approach. Furthermore, they constitute a novel playground to explore experimentally self-bound states stabilized by unconventional higher order nonlinearities, relevant in non-linear optics.
En este trabajo de tesis se reporta el diseño y la construcción de uno de los experimentos pioneros en España que permite realizar simulaciones cuánticas usando átomos ultra fríos. En este experimento se enfrían hasta alcanzar la degeneración cuántica los tres diferentes isotopos de potasio los cuales permiten, de manera particular y original, el estudio de mezclas cuánticas degeneradas de tipo Bose-Bose o Bose-Fermi. El funcionamiento del experimento es validado por medio de la producción de condensados de Bose-Einstein de 41K y 39K. Además, se reporta la condensación de la mezcla degenerada 41K - 39K, la cual no había sido previamente reportada en la literatura. Estos resultados son los primeros de su tipo en España y por lo tanto abren un amplio panorama en el estudio de fenómenos cuánticos en el país. La mezcla cuántica reportada en esta tesis permite acceder a sistemas cuánticos novedosos en el campo de átomos fríos. El control de las interacciones atómicas es una herramienta ampliamente usada en el campo, por lo cual se han caracterizado las propiedades de dispersión en esta nueva mezcla, así como en diferentes mezclas de espín entre los isotopos 41K y 39K. El resultado más importante de esta tesis reside en la creación de un nuevo estado de la materia: una gota liquida cuántica ultra-diluida. Esta gota cuántica se compone de una mezcla de dos estados diferentes de espín de 39K. Este líquido se encuentra ligado por sí mismo debido a la compensación de las fuerzas atractivas de campo con el carácter repulsivo de efectos cuánticos que van más allá de la aproximación de campo medio. Este sistema sigue la idea original de D. Petrov, esta propone la formación de líquidos cuánticos usando mezclas de condensados de Bose-Einstein. En la primera serie de experimentos, hemos observado la formación de gotas cuánticas en un régimen donde una mezcla de Bose debería de colapsar de acuerdo con teorías de campo medio. Se ha medido su tamaño y ultra-baja densidad por medio de imágenes in situ. De esta manera confirma cómo este líquido permanece ligado por si mismo en la ausencia de confinamiento externo. Hemos demostrado que la existencia de estas gotas cuánticas se debe a una manifestación sorprendente de las fluctuaciones cuánticas. Finalmente hemos observado cómo debido a la presencia de la presión cuántica, debajo de un numero critico de átomos el sistema se disocia en gas dando lugar a una transición cuántica liquido-gas. Esta transición se ha medido experimentalmente como función de las interacciones atómicas entre los átomos. Estas mediciones traen consigo una pregunta intrigante: ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre nuestras gotas cuánticas y los ya conocidos solitones de materia? En una segunda serie de experimentos, hemos dado respuesta a esta interrogante al estudiar las propiedades de una mezcla de Bose confinada en una guía óptica. En este tipo de geometría ambos estados pueden existir. En analogía a sistemas ópticos no-lineales, solitones son sistemas estabilizados por efectos de dispersión, mientras las gotas cuánticas corresponden a solitones de más alta dimensión estabilizadas por efectos no lineales de alto orden. Hemos encontrado que, dependiendo del número de átomos, fuerza de interacción y confinamiento, solitones y gotas cuánticas son dos estados cuánticos que pueden estar conectados, permanecer como dos estados distintos, o coexistir en una región de bi-estabilidad. Se ha medido su composición de espín, densidad del sistema y encontrado experimentalmente la frontera que separa ambos sistemas. En conclusión, los experimentos mostrados en esta tesis demuestran la existencia de un nuevo liquido cuántico ultra-diluido estabilizado únicamente por interacciones de contacto. Su existencia es puramente debida a las fluctuaciones cuánticas presentes en el sistema. Este sistema provee una plataforma ideal para el estudio y la comprensión de teorías cuánticas más complejas las cuales van más allá de la aproximación de campo medio.
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2

Chakrabarti, Dwaipayan. "Slow Dynamics In Soft Condensed Matter : From Supercooled Liquids To Thermotropic Liquid Crystals." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/292.

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This thesis, which contains fourteen chapters in two parts, presents theoretical and computer simulation studies of dynamics in supercooled liquids and thermotropic liquid crystals. These two apparently diverse physical systems are unified by a startling similarity in their complex slow dynamics. Part I consists of six chapters on supercooled liquids while Part II comprises seven chapters on thermotropic liquid crystals. The fourteenth chapter provides a concluding note. Part I starts with an introduction to supercooled liquids given in chapter 1. This chapter discusses basic features of supercooled liquids and the glass transition and portrays some of the theoretical frameworks and formalisms that are widely recognized to have contributed to our present understanding. Chapter 2 introduces a new model of binary mixture in order to study dynamics across the supercooled regime. The system consists of an equimolar mixture of the Lennard-Jones spheres and the Gay-Berne ellipsoids of revolution, and thus one of its components has orientational degrees of freedom (ODOF). A decoupling between trans-lational diffusion and rotational diffusion is found to occur below a temperature where the second rank orientational correlation time starts showing a steady deviation from the Arrhenius temperature behavior. At low temperatures, the optical Kerr effect (OKE) signal derived from the system shows a short-to-intermediate time power law decay with a very weak dependence on temperature, if at all, of the power law exponent as has been observed experimentally. At the lowest temperature investigated, jump motion is found to occur in both the translational and orientational degrees of freedom. Chapter 3 studies how the binary mixture, introduced in the previous chapter, explores its underlying potential energy landscape. The study reveals correlations between the decoupling phenomena, observed almost universally in supercooled molecular liquids, and the manner of exploration of the energy landscape of the system. A significant deviation from the Debye model of rotational diffusion in the dynamics of ODOF is found to begin at a temperature at which the average inherent structure energy of the system starts falling as the temperature decreases. Further, the coupling between rotational diffusion and translational diffusion breaks down at a still lower temperature, where a change occurs in the temperature dependence of the average inherent structure energy. Chapters 4-6 describe analytical and numerical approaches to solve kinetic models of glassy dynamics for various observables. The β process is modeled as a thermally activated event in a two-level system and the a process is described as a β relaxation mediated cooperative transition in a double-well. The model resembles a landscape picture, conceived by Stillinger [Science 267, 1935 (1995)], where the a process is assumed to involve a concerted series of the β processes, the latter being identified as elementary relaxations involving transitions between contiguous basins. For suitable choice of parameter values, the model could reproduce many of the experimentally observed features of anomalous heat capacity behavior during a temperature cycle through the glass transition as described in chapter 4. The overshoot of the heat capacity during the heating scan that marks the glass transition is found to be caused by a delayed energy relaxation. Chapter 5 shows that the model can also predict a frequency dependent heat capacity that reflects the two-step relaxation behavior. The high-frequency peak in the heat capacity spectra appears with considerably larger amplitude than the low-frequency peak, the latter being due to the a relaxation. The model, when simplified with a modified description of the a process that involves an irreversible escape from a metabasin, can be solved analytically for the relaxation time. This version of the model captures salient features of the structural relaxation in glassy systems as described in chapter 6. In Part II, thermotropic liquid crystals are studied in molecular dynamics simulations using primarily the family of the Gay-Berne model systems. To start with, chapter 7 provides a brief introduction to thermotropic liquid crystals, especially from the perspective of the issues discussed in the following chapters. This chapter ends up with a detail description of the family of the Gay-Berne models. Chapter 8 demonstrates that a model system for calamitic liquid crystal (comprising rod-like molecules) could capture the short-to-intermediate time power law decay in the OKE signal near the isotropic-nematic (I-N) phase transition as observed experimentally. The single-particle second rank orientational time correlation function (OTCF) for the model liquid crystalline system is also found to sustain a power law decay regime in the isotropic phase near the I-N transition. On transit across the I-N phase boundary, two power law decay regimes, separated by a plateau, emerge giving rise to a step-like feature in the single-particle second rank OTCF. When the time evolution of the rotational non-Gaussian parameter is monitored as a diagnostic of spatially heterogeneous dynamics, a dominant peak is found to appear following a shoulder at short times, signaling the growth of pseudonematic domains. These observations are compared with those relevant ones obtained for the supercooled binary mixture, as discussed in chapter 2, in the spirit of the analogy suggested recently by Fayer and coworkers [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 9303 (2003)]. In chapter 9, orientational dynamics across the I-N transition are investigated in a variety of model systems of thermotropic liquid crystals. A model discotic system that consists of disc-like molecules as well as a lattice system have been considered in the quest of a universal short-to-intermediate time power law decay in orientational relaxation, if any. A surprisingly general power law decay at short to intermediate times in orientational relaxation is observed in all these systems. While the power law decay of the OKE signal has been recently observed experimentally in calamitic systems near the I-N phase boundary and in the nematic phase by Fayer and coworkers [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 6339 (2002), J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 6514 (2005)], the prediction for the discotic system can be tested in experiments. Chapter 10 presents the energy landscape view of phase transitions and slow dynamics in thermotropic liquid crystals by determining the inherent structures of a family of one-component Gay-Berne model systems. This study throws light on the interplay between the orientational order and the translational order in the mesophases the systems exhibit. The onset of the growth of the orientational order in the parent phase is found to induce a translational order, resulting in a smectic-like layer in the underlying inherent structures. The inherent structures, surprisingly, never seem to sustain orientational order alone if the parent nematic phase is sandwiched between the high-temperature isotropic phase and the low-temperature smectic phase. The Arrhenius temperature dependence of the orientational relaxation time breaks down near the I-N transition and this breakdown is found to occur at a temperature below which the system explores increasingly deeper potential energy minima. There exists a remarkable similarity in the manner of exploration of the potential energy landscape between the Gay-Berne systems studied here and the well known Kob-Andersen binary mixture reported previously [Nature, 393, 554 (1998)]. In search of a dynamical signature of the coupling between orientational order and translational order, anisotropic translational diffusion in the nematic phase has been investigated in the Gay-Berne model systems as described in chapter 11. The translational diffusion coefficient parallel to the director D// is found to first increase and then decrease as the temperature drops through the nematic phase. This reversal occurs where the smectic order parameter of the underlying inherent structures becomes significant for the first time. The non-monotonic temperature behavior of D// can thus be viewed from an energy landscape analysis as a dynamical signature of the coupling between orientational and translational order at the microscopic level. Such a view is likely to form the foundation of a theoretical framework to explain the anisotropic translation diffusion. Chapter 12 investigates the validity of the Debye model of rotational diffusion near the I-N phase boundary with a molecular dynamics simulation study of a Gay-Berne model system for calamitic liquid crystals. The Debye model is found to break down near the I-N phase transition. The breakdown, unlike the one observed in supercooled molecular liquids where a jump diffusion model is often invoked, is attributed to the growth of orientational pair correlation. A mode-coupling theory analysis is provided in support of the explanation. Chapter 13 presents a molecular dynamics study of a binary mixture of prolate ellipsoids of revolution with different aspect ratios interacting with each other through a generalized Gay-Berne potential. Such a study allows to investigate directly the aspect ratio dependence of the dynamical behavior. In the concluding note, chapter 14 starts with a brief summary of the outcome of the thesis and ends up with suggestion of a few relevant problems that may prove worthwhile to be addressed in future.
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3

Chakrabarti, Dwaipayan. "Slow Dynamics In Soft Condensed Matter : From Supercooled Liquids To Thermotropic Liquid Crystals." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/292.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis, which contains fourteen chapters in two parts, presents theoretical and computer simulation studies of dynamics in supercooled liquids and thermotropic liquid crystals. These two apparently diverse physical systems are unified by a startling similarity in their complex slow dynamics. Part I consists of six chapters on supercooled liquids while Part II comprises seven chapters on thermotropic liquid crystals. The fourteenth chapter provides a concluding note. Part I starts with an introduction to supercooled liquids given in chapter 1. This chapter discusses basic features of supercooled liquids and the glass transition and portrays some of the theoretical frameworks and formalisms that are widely recognized to have contributed to our present understanding. Chapter 2 introduces a new model of binary mixture in order to study dynamics across the supercooled regime. The system consists of an equimolar mixture of the Lennard-Jones spheres and the Gay-Berne ellipsoids of revolution, and thus one of its components has orientational degrees of freedom (ODOF). A decoupling between trans-lational diffusion and rotational diffusion is found to occur below a temperature where the second rank orientational correlation time starts showing a steady deviation from the Arrhenius temperature behavior. At low temperatures, the optical Kerr effect (OKE) signal derived from the system shows a short-to-intermediate time power law decay with a very weak dependence on temperature, if at all, of the power law exponent as has been observed experimentally. At the lowest temperature investigated, jump motion is found to occur in both the translational and orientational degrees of freedom. Chapter 3 studies how the binary mixture, introduced in the previous chapter, explores its underlying potential energy landscape. The study reveals correlations between the decoupling phenomena, observed almost universally in supercooled molecular liquids, and the manner of exploration of the energy landscape of the system. A significant deviation from the Debye model of rotational diffusion in the dynamics of ODOF is found to begin at a temperature at which the average inherent structure energy of the system starts falling as the temperature decreases. Further, the coupling between rotational diffusion and translational diffusion breaks down at a still lower temperature, where a change occurs in the temperature dependence of the average inherent structure energy. Chapters 4-6 describe analytical and numerical approaches to solve kinetic models of glassy dynamics for various observables. The β process is modeled as a thermally activated event in a two-level system and the a process is described as a β relaxation mediated cooperative transition in a double-well. The model resembles a landscape picture, conceived by Stillinger [Science 267, 1935 (1995)], where the a process is assumed to involve a concerted series of the β processes, the latter being identified as elementary relaxations involving transitions between contiguous basins. For suitable choice of parameter values, the model could reproduce many of the experimentally observed features of anomalous heat capacity behavior during a temperature cycle through the glass transition as described in chapter 4. The overshoot of the heat capacity during the heating scan that marks the glass transition is found to be caused by a delayed energy relaxation. Chapter 5 shows that the model can also predict a frequency dependent heat capacity that reflects the two-step relaxation behavior. The high-frequency peak in the heat capacity spectra appears with considerably larger amplitude than the low-frequency peak, the latter being due to the a relaxation. The model, when simplified with a modified description of the a process that involves an irreversible escape from a metabasin, can be solved analytically for the relaxation time. This version of the model captures salient features of the structural relaxation in glassy systems as described in chapter 6. In Part II, thermotropic liquid crystals are studied in molecular dynamics simulations using primarily the family of the Gay-Berne model systems. To start with, chapter 7 provides a brief introduction to thermotropic liquid crystals, especially from the perspective of the issues discussed in the following chapters. This chapter ends up with a detail description of the family of the Gay-Berne models. Chapter 8 demonstrates that a model system for calamitic liquid crystal (comprising rod-like molecules) could capture the short-to-intermediate time power law decay in the OKE signal near the isotropic-nematic (I-N) phase transition as observed experimentally. The single-particle second rank orientational time correlation function (OTCF) for the model liquid crystalline system is also found to sustain a power law decay regime in the isotropic phase near the I-N transition. On transit across the I-N phase boundary, two power law decay regimes, separated by a plateau, emerge giving rise to a step-like feature in the single-particle second rank OTCF. When the time evolution of the rotational non-Gaussian parameter is monitored as a diagnostic of spatially heterogeneous dynamics, a dominant peak is found to appear following a shoulder at short times, signaling the growth of pseudonematic domains. These observations are compared with those relevant ones obtained for the supercooled binary mixture, as discussed in chapter 2, in the spirit of the analogy suggested recently by Fayer and coworkers [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 9303 (2003)]. In chapter 9, orientational dynamics across the I-N transition are investigated in a variety of model systems of thermotropic liquid crystals. A model discotic system that consists of disc-like molecules as well as a lattice system have been considered in the quest of a universal short-to-intermediate time power law decay in orientational relaxation, if any. A surprisingly general power law decay at short to intermediate times in orientational relaxation is observed in all these systems. While the power law decay of the OKE signal has been recently observed experimentally in calamitic systems near the I-N phase boundary and in the nematic phase by Fayer and coworkers [J. Chem. Phys. 116, 6339 (2002), J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 6514 (2005)], the prediction for the discotic system can be tested in experiments. Chapter 10 presents the energy landscape view of phase transitions and slow dynamics in thermotropic liquid crystals by determining the inherent structures of a family of one-component Gay-Berne model systems. This study throws light on the interplay between the orientational order and the translational order in the mesophases the systems exhibit. The onset of the growth of the orientational order in the parent phase is found to induce a translational order, resulting in a smectic-like layer in the underlying inherent structures. The inherent structures, surprisingly, never seem to sustain orientational order alone if the parent nematic phase is sandwiched between the high-temperature isotropic phase and the low-temperature smectic phase. The Arrhenius temperature dependence of the orientational relaxation time breaks down near the I-N transition and this breakdown is found to occur at a temperature below which the system explores increasingly deeper potential energy minima. There exists a remarkable similarity in the manner of exploration of the potential energy landscape between the Gay-Berne systems studied here and the well known Kob-Andersen binary mixture reported previously [Nature, 393, 554 (1998)]. In search of a dynamical signature of the coupling between orientational order and translational order, anisotropic translational diffusion in the nematic phase has been investigated in the Gay-Berne model systems as described in chapter 11. The translational diffusion coefficient parallel to the director D// is found to first increase and then decrease as the temperature drops through the nematic phase. This reversal occurs where the smectic order parameter of the underlying inherent structures becomes significant for the first time. The non-monotonic temperature behavior of D// can thus be viewed from an energy landscape analysis as a dynamical signature of the coupling between orientational and translational order at the microscopic level. Such a view is likely to form the foundation of a theoretical framework to explain the anisotropic translation diffusion. Chapter 12 investigates the validity of the Debye model of rotational diffusion near the I-N phase boundary with a molecular dynamics simulation study of a Gay-Berne model system for calamitic liquid crystals. The Debye model is found to break down near the I-N phase transition. The breakdown, unlike the one observed in supercooled molecular liquids where a jump diffusion model is often invoked, is attributed to the growth of orientational pair correlation. A mode-coupling theory analysis is provided in support of the explanation. Chapter 13 presents a molecular dynamics study of a binary mixture of prolate ellipsoids of revolution with different aspect ratios interacting with each other through a generalized Gay-Berne potential. Such a study allows to investigate directly the aspect ratio dependence of the dynamical behavior. In the concluding note, chapter 14 starts with a brief summary of the outcome of the thesis and ends up with suggestion of a few relevant problems that may prove worthwhile to be addressed in future.
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Ivanov, Dimitry A. "Investigation of a ternary liquid mixture by the light scattering technique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98015216X.

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Bastos, Pedro David Anastácio de. "Separation of azeotropic mixtures using high ionicity ionic liquids." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12208.

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Bribesh, Fathi. "Free surface films of binary liquid mixtures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9810.

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Model-H is used to describe structures found in the phase separation in films of binary liquid mixture that have a surface that is free to deform and also may energetically prefer one of the components. The film rests on a solid smooth substrate that has no preference for any component. On the one hand the study focuses on static aspects by investigating steady states that are characterised by their concentration and film height profiles. A large variety of such states are systematically analysed by numerically constructing bifurcation diagrams in dependence of a number of control parameters. The numerical method used is based on minimising the free energy functional at given constraints within a finite element method for a variable domain shape. The structure of the bifurcation diagrams is related to the symmetry properties of the individual solutions on the various branches. On the other hand the full time dependent model-H is linearised about selected steady states, in particular, the laterally invariant, i.e.\ layered states. The resulting dispersion relations are discussed and related to the corresponding bifurcation points of the steady states. In general, the results do well agree and confirm each other. The described analysis is performed for a number of important cases whose comparison allows us to gain an advanced understanding of the system behaviour: We distinguish the critical and off-critical case that correspond to zero and non-zero mean concentration, respectively. In the critical case the investigation focuses on (i) flat films without surface bias, (ii) flat films with surface bias, (iii) height-modulated films without surface bias, and (iv) height-modulated films with surface bias. Each case is analysed for several mean film heights and (if applicable) energetic bias at the free surface using the lateral domain size as main control parameter. Linear stability analyses of layered films and symmetry considerations are used to understand the structures of the determined bifurcation diagrams. For off-critical mixtures our study is more restricted. There we consider height-modulated films without and with surface bias for several mean film heights and (if applicable) energetic bias employing the mean concentration as main control parameter.
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White, Garry. "A new adsorbent mixture for the collection of common ignitable liquid residue vapour." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2014. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/700895/.

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United Kingdom fire investigators use ad hoc adsorbents to investigate the suspected use of ignitable liquids and their residues (ILR) at fire scenes. It was unknown whether these materials adsorb all ignitable liquid target compounds specified by ASTM methods, or if they interfered with such analysis and therefore prevented the positive identification of ignitable liquids. This research has ascertained that adsorbents such as clay based cat litter, montmorillonite, limestone, Tampax®, Tenalady®, talc; sand and the use of a squeegee tool cannot adsorb the full range of ASTM target compounds in common ignitable liquid residues by themselves. However, some can adsorb a limited range of target compounds. For example, cat litter can adsorb C3 and C4 alkylbenzenes and other molecules for the identification of petrol, but cannot adsorb heavy alkanes such as those found in diesel fuel. In contrast, limestone can adsorb heavy alkanes but not all aromatic target compounds present in petrol. This study has found that when limestone was mixed with Fuller’s Earth (10:1 w/w) that a range of common ignitable liquids and their associated target compounds could be adsorbed and identified. Furthermore, the instrumentation and separation methods used with an automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (ATD-GC-MS) and Tenax TA® were improved and it is hoped that these would form a basis for a new standard method. Limestone and Fuller’s Earth as well as the limestone/Fuller’s Earth mixture were characterised with Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction. The results showed that mixing the components together did not alter the chemical composition of the adsorbent mixture and that the major phases in the mixture were identified as calcite, quartz and palygorskite. The performance of the adsorbents was assessed using a combination of a standard ASTM method for analysis using GC-MS and an improved oven separation time of six to nine hours. The ATD method was improved for real fire debris samples by setting the split flow valves to 40 mL/min to minimise instrument overloading. The adsorbents were subjected to evaluation in the laboratory using blind tests and also a field blind test at a real fire scene. The laboratory analysis and fire scene evaluation revealed that the limestone/Fuller’s Earth mixture adsorbed all ignitable liquid target compounds from different ignitable liquids and as a result were identified from extracted ion chromatograms. This is the first reported use of this novel mixture as a universal adsorbent for common ignitable liquids.
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White, Garry. "A New Adsorbent Mixture for the Collection of Common Ignitable Liquid Residue Vapour." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2014. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/700895/1/White_Thesis_2014.pdf.

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United Kingdom fire investigators use ad hoc adsorbents to investigate the suspected use of ignitable liquids and their residues (ILR) at fire scenes. It was unknown whether these materials adsorb all ignitable liquid target compounds specified by ASTM methods, or if they interfered with such analysis and therefore prevented the positive identification of ignitable liquids. This research has ascertained that adsorbents such as clay based cat litter, montmorillonite, limestone, Tampax®, Tenalady®, talc; sand and the use of a squeegee tool cannot adsorb the full range of ASTM target compounds in common ignitable liquid residues by themselves. However, some can adsorb a limited range of target compounds. For example, cat litter can adsorb C3 and C4 alkylbenzenes and other molecules for the identification of petrol, but cannot adsorb heavy alkanes such as those found in diesel fuel. In contrast, limestone can adsorb heavy alkanes but not all aromatic target compounds present in petrol. This study has found that when limestone was mixed with Fuller’s Earth (10:1 w/w) that a range of common ignitable liquids and their associated target compounds could be adsorbed and identified. Furthermore, the instrumentation and separation methods used with an automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (ATD-GC-MS) and Tenax TA® were improved and it is hoped that these would form a basis for a new standard method. Limestone and Fuller’s Earth as well as the limestone/Fuller’s Earth mixture were characterised with Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction. The results showed that mixing the components together did not alter the chemical composition of the adsorbent mixture and that the major phases in the mixture were identified as calcite, quartz and palygorskite. The performance of the adsorbents was assessed using a combination of a standard ASTM method for analysis using GC-MS and an improved oven separation time of six to nine hours. The ATD method was improved for real fire debris samples by setting the split flow valves to 40 mL/min to minimise instrument overloading. The adsorbents were subjected to evaluation in the laboratory using blind tests and also a field blind test at a real fire scene. The laboratory analysis and fire scene evaluation revealed that the limestone/Fuller’s Earth mixture adsorbed all ignitable liquid target compounds from different ignitable liquids and as a result were identified from extracted ion chromatograms. This is the first reported use of this novel mixture as a universal adsorbent for common ignitable liquids.
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Alahmad, Malik I. N. "Heat transfer in upward flowing two-phase gas-liquid mixtures : an experimental study of heat transfer in two-phase gas-liquid mixtures flowing upwards in a vertical tube with liquid phase being driven by a pump or air injection." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3629.

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An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the heat transfer in a two-phase two-component mixture flowing upward inside a 1" double pipe heat exchanger. The heat transfer coefficient was measured using either air to lift the liquid (air-lift system) or a mechanical pump. The heat transfer coefficient results have been extensively studied and compared with other workers' results. An attempt was made to correlate the present heat transfer data in dimensionless correlations. Possible factors affecting the two-phase heat transfer coefficient have been studied with special attention being given to the fluid properties, particularly the liquid viscosity. Experiments were also carried out to investigate the effect of solid particles added to a liquid flow on the measured heat transfer coefficient. The present investigation was carried out using air as the gas-phase ranging from 2x 10-5 up to 80 x 10-5 m3/s. Liquids used were water and glycerol solutions with viscosity ranging from 0.75 up to 5.0 C. P. and flowrates between 4x 10-5 and 25 x 10-5 m3/s. Void fraction and pressure drop were also measured during the heat transfer process. Flow pattern in gas-liquid mixture was investigated in a perspex tube of identical dimensions to the heat exchanger tube.
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Turner, Robert Paul. "Pumping helium 3 in a helium mixture with a magnetic field : thermal boundary resistance between liquid helium mixtures and silver sinters." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242945.

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Books on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

1

G, Collins F., Aumalis A. E, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Branch., eds. An exact solution for the solidification of a liquid slab of binary mixture. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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L, Dryer F., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Transient numerical modeling of the combustion of bi-component liquid droplets: Methanol/water mixture. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Hoheisel, C. Theoretical treatment of liquids and liquid mixtures. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1993.

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IEA/CLM Workshop, Near-Term Commercial Coal Liquid Mixture Applications (1993 Clearwater, Florida). Proceedings of the IEA/CLM Workshop, Near-Term Commercial Coal Liquid Mixture Applications: Clearwater, Florida, USA, April 26, 1993. [Washington, DC: Dept. of Energy, 1993.

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Lechner, M. D., ed. Pure Organometallic and Organononmetallic Liquids, Binary Liquid Mixtures. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b68239.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. Surface Tension of Pure Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures. Edited by M. D. Lechner. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48336-7.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures. Edited by M. D. Lechner. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5.

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Lechner, M. D., ed. Surface Tension of Pure Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b60566.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. Static Dielectric Constants of Pure Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures. Edited by M. D. Lechner. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48168-4.

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Madelung, O., ed. Static Dielectric Constants of Pure Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b44266.

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Book chapters on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

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Wohlfarth, Ch. "Liquid-liquid equilibrium data of polyethylene in dimethylbenzene mixture." In Polymer Solutions, 2621–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88057-8_525.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of propylamine and tetrahydrofuran." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1174. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1029.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of isopropylamine and cyclohexanone." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1180. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1035.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of propylamine and toluene." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1181. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1036.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of propylamine and phenylacetonitrile." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1182. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1037.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of isobutyronitrile and chlorobenzene." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1214. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1069.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of isobutyronitrile and benzene." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1070.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of butyronitrile and toluene." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1216. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1071.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of isobutyronitrile and toluene." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1217. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1072.

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Wohlfarth, Christian. "Viscosity of the binary liquid mixture of tetrahydrofuran and butylamine." In Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures, 1236. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49218-5_1089.

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Conference papers on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

1

Gruber, J., Markus C. Scharber, J. Hajto, A. Vajda, Katalin Fodor-Csorba, and I. Janossy. "Dielectric and electro-optic studies of a novel ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.300009.

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Lim, Eunjung, Jin-Hong Kim, Tae-Hoon Yoon, Seong-Min Ji, Young-Seo Jo, Seung-Min Nam, Jae-Won Huh, Seung-Won Oh, and Sang-Hyeok Kim. "Transmittance control of a liquid crystal device using a dye mixture." In Liquid Crystals XXII, edited by Iam Choon Khoo. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2322716.

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Hashim, R., N. Halim, H. Hussain, Z. Jafaar, G. R. Luckhurst, Salvatore Romano, and S. M. Zain. "Computer simulation studies of anisotropic systems XXVII: phase diagram for a nematic binary mixture." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.299968.

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Wojciechowski, Marek, and Agnieszka L. Gromiec. "Dielectric properties of antiferroelectric-ferroelectric liquid crystalline mixture." In XIV Conference on Liquid Crystals, Chemistry, Physics, and Applications, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, and Jerzy Zielinski. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.472147.

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Kumar, Pankaj, Chinky, Vandna Sharma, J. K. Kushwaha, Praveen Malik, and K. K. Raina. "Dielectric spectroscopy of ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032645.

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Zhu, Xiang, and Daniel T. Cassidy. "Liquid mixture detection by InGaAsP semiconductor lasers." In Photonics West '97, edited by Kurt J. Linden. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.263486.

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Fedorov, A. V. "Shock Wave Initiation of Mixture Liquid Explosives." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2005: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2263481.

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Torgova, Sofia I., D. Abramic, Alfredo Strigazzi, and Slobodan Zumer. "Dimerization in trans-4-butyl-cyclohexane carboxylic acid and in its mixture with 12% cis-isomer observed via 1H- and 2H-NMR." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Marzena Tykarska, Roman S. Dabrowski, and Jerzy Zielinski. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.301319.

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Sami, Samuel M., and Shawn Aucoin. "Study of Refrigerant Mixtures With Gas/Liquid Injection." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39598.

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In this paper, the impact of gas/liquid injection on the behaviour of new alternative refrigerant mixtures such as; R-410A, R-507, R-407C, and R-404A is discussed, analysed and presented. The test results were obtained using an air-source heat pump set up with enhanced surface tubing heat exchanger under various gas/liquid injection ratios. Performance tests were conducted according to the ARI/ASHRAE Standards. During the course of this experimental study, the performance characteristics of some proposed substitutes under various gas and gas/liquid injection ratios have been investigated, analysed and compared to that with no injection. The performance data demonstrated that the effect of gas/liquid injection on mixture behaviour and the heat exchanger capacity varies from mixture to another depending upon the mixture composition, boiling point and the evaporation temperature.
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Socaciu, Margareta, Marcela Tutunaru, and Cristian Sarpe-Tudoran. "Polarized light interference in mixture of liquid crystals." In ROMOPTP '94: 4th Conference on Optics, edited by Valentin I. Vlad. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.203572.

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Reports on the topic "LIQUID MIXTURE"

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Prof. P. Somasundaran. BEHAVIOR OF SURFACTANT MIXTURE AT SOLID/LIQUID AND OIL/LIQUID INTERFACE IN CHEMICAL FLOODING SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/811903.

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Piper, T. C. Two-part-liquid-mixture percentage measurement using a flow-through capacitance sensor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6017931.

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Hamaguchi, H., and T. Sakaguchi. Velocity of large bubble in liquid-solid mixture in a vertical tube. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/106992.

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Zhang, X., M. T. Harris, and O. A. Basaran. A new method for measuring the dynamic surface tension of complex-mixture liquid drops. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/110695.

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Gorbov, Alexander. Converted fuels for smart home infrastructure. Part 1 - Converted types of innovative fuels and fuel mixtures. Intellectual Archive, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2854.

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A device for dynamic mixing and homogenization of liquid fuels and fuel mixtures, as well as for the formation of gasified (compressible) fuel mixtures. Industrial plant for the homogenization of liquid fuels in the range from Diesel fuel No. 6 (fuel oil) to diesel fuel No. 2, as well as for micro minimization and optimization of dispersion during injection of biofuels, methanol, ethanol and kerosene obtained from the processing of plastic waste masses and automobile and other tires; Productivity of installation, despite the small sizes, - 1000 liters an hour.
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Chao, K. C. Gas-liquid-liquid equilibria in mixtures of water, light gases, and hydrocarbons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6312893.

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Chao, K. Gas-liquid-liquid equilibria in mixtures of water, light gases, and hydrocarbons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5361514.

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Montoya, Miguel A., Daniela Betancourt-Jiminez, Mohammad Notani, Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar, Jeffrey P. Youngblood, Carlos J. Martinez, and John E. Haddock. Environmentally Tuning Asphalt Pavements Using Phase Change Materials. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317369.

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Environmental conditions are considered an important factor influencing asphalt pavement performance. The addition of modifiers, both to the asphalt binder and the asphalt mixture, has attracted considerable attention in potentially alleviating environmentally induced pavement performance issues. Although many solutions have been developed, and some deployed, many asphalt pavements continue to prematurely fail due to environmental loading. The research reported herein investigates the synthetization and characterization of biobased Phase Change Materials (PCMs) and inclusion of Microencapsulated PCM (μPCM) in asphalt binders and mixtures to help reduce environmental damage to asphalt pavements. In general, PCM substances are formulated to absorb and release thermal energy as the material liquify and solidify, depending on pavement temperature. As a result, PCMs can provide asphalt pavements with thermal energy storage capacities to reduce the impacts of drastic ambient temperature scenarios and minimize the appearance of critical temperatures within the pavement structure. By modifying asphalt pavement materials with PCMs, it may be possible to "tune" the pavement to the environment.
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9

Whaley, H. Report of the IEA coal liquid mixtures technical committee. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304354.

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10

P. Somasundaran. BEHAVIOR OF SURFACTANT MIXTURES AT SOLID/LIQUID AND OIL/LIQUID INTERFACES IN CHEMICAL FLOODING SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/837073.

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