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Academic literature on the topic 'LIQUID FRACTION (LF)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "LIQUID FRACTION (LF)"

1

Charles Paré, Maxime, and Angela Bedard-Haughn. "Optimum liquid density in separation of the physically uncomplexed organic matter in Arctic soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 91, no. 1 (February 2011): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss10051.

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Paré, M. C. and Bedard-Haughn, A. 2011. Optimum liquid density in separation of the physically uncomplexed organic matter in Arctic soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 65–68. Using an appropriate density to separate the soil light fraction (LF) and heavy fraction (HF) is an important aspect of the density fractionation technique. The effect of liquid density when separating the physically uncomplexed Arctic soil organic matter (SOM) was tested on three Arctic sites: High-Arctic, Low-Arctic, and Sub-Arctic. Our results showed that selecting the right density to use for Arctic soils is not unequivocal. Nevertheless, based on these two criteria: (1) the difference between the C:N values of the LF and HF needs to be as large as possible, and (2) the C:N value of the whole soil needs to be different from the C:N values of the LF and HF, the optimum density for all of our Arctic sites was between 1.49 and 1.55 g mL−1. We concluded that 1.55g mL−1 was the conservative optimum liquid density to use to separate Arctic SOM light and heavy fractions.
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Maglione, Giuseppe, Gaetano De Tommaso, Mauro Iuliano, Giulia Costanzo, Ermenegilda Vitale, Carmen Arena, and Luca Vitale. "Aerated Buffalo Slurry Improves Spinach Plant Growth and Mitigates CO2 and N2O Emissions from Soil." Agriculture 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11080758.

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Manure management is the main strategy for mitigating gas emissions from livestock farming. In this study, a laboratory-scale experiment was set up to identify suitable conditions to be applied in a farm-scale experiment. The liquid fraction (LF) of slurry was aerobically treated and greenhouse gas emissions from soil were evaluated. Furthermore, the value of treated LF as a fertilizer on spinach plants was also tested. The aeration of LF determined an increase in mean alkalinity due to ammonia loss. The mass fraction of heavy metals also decreased, likely due to the reduction in solubility. After being applied on soil, aerated LF determined lower CO2 and N2O emissions compared to untreated LF due to a reduced nitrogen load. Spinach plants fertilized with treated LF showed a lush growth and exhibited a lower heavy metal mass fraction as well as a higher content of antioxidants compared to plants fertilized with untreated slurry. Our results show that aeration might be an effective alternative for slurry management as it is able to produce an eco-friendly final product with a high fertilizing value.
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Ku, Catherine S. M., and David R. Hershey. "255 LEACHING FRACTION, FERTIGATION RATE AND PHOSPHORUS LEACHING FROM POTTED GERANIUM." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 466c—466. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.466c.

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Single-pinched `Yours Truly' geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum) were greenhouse grown in 15-cm diameter pots. They received constant liquid fertigation with a modified Hoagland solution #1 at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 strength. The 1.0 strength Hoagland solution contained 210 mg/L NO3-N and 31 mg/L P. Leaching fractions (LFs) were 0, 0.2 and 0.4. The total P applied via fertigation ranged from 33 mg at 0 LF and 0.25x Hoagland to 407 mg at 0.4 LF and 1.5x Hoagland. The leachate P concentration ranged from <5 mg/L to -60 mg/L. The P concentration in the recently matured leaves was in the acceptable range for all treatments. We were able to recover 90 to 99% of the applied P by analyzing the shoots, soilless medium, and leachate. Only 4% of the recovered P was in the leachate for plants receiving 0.5x Hoagland and a 0.2 LF. However, these plants were equal in yield to plants receiving higher fertigation rates and higher LFs.
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Kim, Yong-Woon, Yuanzheng Wu, Moon-Hee Choi, Hyun-Jae Shin, and Jishun Li. "Alginate-Derived Elicitors Enhance β-Glucan Content and Antioxidant Activities in Culinary and Medicinal Mushroom, Sparassis latifolia." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020092.

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This study aimed to investigate the elicitation effects of alginate oligosaccharides extracted from brown algae (Sargassum species) on β-glucan production in cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis latifolia). Sodium alginate was refined from Sargassum fulvellum, S. fusiforme, and S. horneri, and characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), resulting mannuronic acid to guluronic acid (M/G) rationes from 0.64 to 1.38. Three oligosaccharide fractions, ethanol fraction (EF), solid fraction (SF), and liquid fraction (LF), were prepared by acid hydrolysis and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with a pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD). The samples of S. fusiforme resulted in the highest hydrolysate in SF and the lowest in LF, which was consistent with its highest M/G ratio. The SF of S. fusiforme and LF of S. horneri were chosen for elicitation on S. latifolia, yielding the highest β-glucan contents of 56.01 ± 3.45% and 59.74 ± 4.49% in the stalk, respectively. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging and Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity) of aqueous extracts of S. latifolia were greatly stimulated by alginate elicitation. These results demonstrate that alginate oligosaccharides extracted from brown algae may be useful as an elicitor to enhance the nutritional value of mushrooms.
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Salgado-Hernández, Enrique, Ángel Isauro Ortiz-Ceballos, Sergio Martínez-Hernández, Erik Samuel Rosas-Mendoza, Ana Elena Dorantes-Acosta, Andrea Alvarado-Vallejo, and Alejandro Alvarado-Lassman. "Methane Production of Sargassum spp. Biomass from the Mexican Caribbean: Solid–Liquid Separation and Component Distribution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010219.

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In the last decade, Sargassum spp. seaweed species have caused massive flooding on the Caribbean Sea coasts. These seaweed species have a high content of recalcitrant compounds, such as insoluble fibers and polyphenols, which generate low methane yields in anaerobic digestion (AD). This study investigated the effect of solid–liquid separation of Sargassum biomass on biodegradability and methane yield. A biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was conducted with both fractions and raw biomass (RB). A mass balance was developed to assess the distribution of the components. The obtained liquid fraction (LF) showed high biodegradability and a high methane production rate, and it generated a methane yield of 159.7 ± 7.1 N L kg VS−1, a value that corresponds to approximately twice that achieved with RB and the solid fraction (SF). The component distribution analysis showed that about 90% of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), ash, carbon, and cellulose were retained in the SF. In conclusion, the LF had high biodegradability and methane yield. This suggests the potential for LFs of Sargassum biomass to be treated in large-scale high-load reactors; however, studies applied to SFs are needed because they retain a large amount of organic matter with low biodegradability.
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Ku, Catherine S. M. "Preplant Superphosphate Amendment and Leaching Fraction on Growth of Potted Poinsettia." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 858G—858. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.858g.

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Earlier study indicates that greenhouse crop production may be an overlooked point source of P pollution. A potential strategy to reduce P leaching may be to eliminate superphosphate amendment in soilless medium. Single-pinched `Amy' poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) in 15-cm pots were grown in a soilless medium of 3 peat: 1 perlite: 1 vermiculite (by volume). A treatment combination of preplant, finely ground, single superphosphate (SSP) (0N–8.8P–0K) amendment at 0 or 172 mg/pot and leaching fractions (LFs) of 0 and 0.2 were evaluated in a completely randomized design during a 10.5-week study. Plants received constant liquid fertigation with 7.8 mg P/liter and 210 mg N/liter from modified Hoagland solution #1. The total P applied via fertigation ranged from ≈38 mg at 0 LF to ≈50 mg at 0.2 LF. The leachate P concentration ranged from 4 mg/liter to 38 mg/liter. There was no significant difference in yield due to SSP and LF. Across all treatments, mean fresh mass was 36 g, mean dry mass was 5.9 g, mean leaf area was 980 cm2, and mean bract area was 1900 cm2.
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Rothan, Yahya Ali. "Investigation of hybrid nanomaterial application in melting process of paraffin enhanced with nanoparticles." Physica Scripta 96, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 125253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac3877.

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Abstract Current study is about the charging process of paraffin within a tank with spiral duct. The paraffin has been enhanced with adding CuO nanoparticles. The hot fluid within the spiral pipes is hybrid nanomaterial. The fraction of nano-sized material is poorer than 0.04 and selecting single phase methodology is acceptable. Finite volume approach with including implicit method was applied to solve these transient equations. Grids with structural configurations were utilized for two suggested styles of containers. Verification with empirical data reveals that nice agreement exist for utilized mathematical model. Entropy generation components were measured and reported in contours forms. Also, important role of buoyancy force were reported in streamline contours. Increase of time leads to increase in liquid fraction in both cases and first configuration reach to maximum value in lower time. The amount of liquid fraction (LF) for first style is higher than second style which means better performance of first configuration. When time increase up to 80 min, the amount of LF for second and first configuration are 5.77 and 4.9 times bigger than those of t = 300 s. With rise of time, frictional irreversibility augments owing to augmentation of velocity of liquid paraffin. Also, with rise of volume of liquid paraffin, the temperature gradient (∇T) reduces which provides lower value of thermal irreversibility. The first configuration has greater frictional entropy term while its thermal irreversibility is lower than second approach. With reduce of solid paraffin, temperature decreases and reaches to uniform value about 368 K. The first configuration has greater temperature and maximum difference occurs at t = 45 min.
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8

Piptyuk, V. P., A. S. Vergun, S. V. Grekov, S. E. Samohvalov, and K. S. Krasnikov. "Development of technological regulation for carbon ironing of iron in 30t ladle. Part 1." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, no. 33 (2019): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2019-33-123-142.

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The results of numerical simulation of the carbonization of low-carbon iron as a by-product of the production of titanium slag for the designed unit ladle-furnace (LF) installation as applied to the conditions of PJSC Zaporizhzhya Titanium-Magnesium Combine are presented. The technological regulations have been developed and a numerical study has been carried out on the carburization of metal in a 30-ton ladle at the LF. For the production of commercial pig iron, associated iron-containing waste is used. The purpose of the work is to identify factors of the influence of out-of-furnace processing on technology optimization. A numerical simulation was performed of the carburization technology of liquid low-carbon (up to 2% carbon) cast iron with lump (fraction up to 50 mm) graphite and coke introduced onto the surface of a ladle bath (excluding slag cover). The material and energy balances of the process were carried out, the properties of carburizing materials were studied, and the diffusion coefficient of carbon in a liquid metal was estimated. The results of studies of the hydrodynamic and thermal conditions in the bucket bath of the LF are estimated from the contour diagrams of the flow rates and temperature fields for different flow rates of argon supplied through the bottom and submerged tuyeres. The optimal fractions of carbon-containing materials were determined. It has been shown that treatment on LF with lump graphite requires a shorter duration (≈ 45%) compared with lump coke. To accelerate the process of diffusion dissolution of carbon, it is necessary to periodically (every 3 portions of 70 kg of graphite and coke) heat the melt to a temperature of 1520-1530 ° C. Injection of powdered graphite and coke contributes to a more efficient absorption of carbon and a decrease in the duration of the process (≈ by 1/3). Research continues in the direction of using flux-cored wire for carburizing cast iron at LF.
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Kazimierowicz, Joanna, Marcin Dębowski, and Marcin Zieliński. "Taxonomic Structure Evolution, Chemical Composition and Anaerobic Digestibility of Microalgae-Bacterial Granular Sludge (M-BGS) Grown during Treatment of Digestate." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021098.

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The liquid fraction from the dewatering of digested sewage sludge (LF-DSS) represents a major processing complication for wastewater treatment facilities, thus necessitating new and effective methods of LF-DSS neutralization. This pilot-scale study examined the evolution of a Chlorella sp. monoculture into microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (M-BGS) during treatment of LF-DSS in a hybrid photo-bioreactor (H-PBR). The M-BGS reached a stable taxonomic and morphological structure after 60 days of H-PBR operation. The biomass was primarily composed of Chlorella sp., Microthrix parvicella, and type 1851 and 1701 filamentous bacteria. A greater abundance of bacteria led to a faster-growing M-BGS biomass (to a level of 4800 ± 503 mgTS/dm3), as well as improved TOC and COD removal from the LF-DSS (88.2 ± 7.2% and 84.1 ± 5.1%). The efficiency of N/P removal was comparable, since regardless of the composition and concentration of biomass, it ranged from 68.9 ± 3.1% to 71.3 ± 3.1% for N and from 54.2 ± 4.1% to 56, 2 ± 4.6% for P. As the M-BGS taxonomic structure evolved and the C/N ratio improved, so did the anaerobic digestion (AD) performance. Biogas yield from the M-BGS peaked at 531 ± 38 cm3/gVS (methane fraction = 66.2 ± 2.7%). It was found that final effects of AD were also strongly correlated with the N and TOC content in the substrate and pH value. A mature M-BGS significantly improved settleability and separability through filtration.
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Srinivas, S. S. J., B. Tulasi Koteswari Bai, K. Babu Rao, K. Narendra, and M. Sarath Babu. "Studies of Densities, Viscosities and Ultrasonic Speeds of Binary Mixtures Containing Isopropyl Alcohol and Ketones at Different Temperatures." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 15 (September 2013): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.15.151.

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The densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities of binary liquid mixtures of Isopropyl alcohol with acetophenone and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) have been measured at temperatures 298.15 and 308.15 K over the entire range of mole fraction. From these data, acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), free volume (Vf) and free length (Lf) have been estimated using the standard relations. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interactions present in the mixtures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "LIQUID FRACTION (LF)"

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KUMAR, NITIN. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LATENT HEAT THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM USING FINS." Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19964.

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The Purpose of the current work is to examine the performance of a PCM i.e. phase change material within a Trapezoidal shape unit to store heat energy. The Numerical simulation is done using ANSYS 22 software to simulate and analyze the results, focusing on temperature and time contours throughout melting part and solidification part of PCM. Storage unit features a square shape tube in which fins are attached to the tube to study the HTR. One main challenge encountered in PCM melting is the collection of solid material at the lowermost in a process of charging and LF rests at the uppermost during the process of discharging. The numerical simulation explains the temperature distribution across various ranges during the melting and solidification phases. The system's effectiveness and performance are enhanced by using this setup. The simulation's results show that throughout the melting process, the liquid percentage rapidly grows, reaching 78% during the first 250 minutes. This is because heat is transferred through convection and conduction. However, after then, heat is transferred primarily through conduction, which results in a decline in the rate of liquid fraction and a total melting time of 2390 minutes for the PCM. In a similar manner, following the first 250 minutes of discharge, the solid percentage increases more slowly, solidifying to about 34%. However, it takes 1660 minutes for the PCM to fully solidify. The study's finding show that using a trapezoidal form geometry and including fins may enhance the melting and solidification part for a TESs.
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Conference papers on the topic "LIQUID FRACTION (LF)"

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Wang, Shan, Shanshan Li, and Zhenhai Pan. "Numerical Investigation of the Forming and Ordering of Inertially Focused Particle Trains in a Square Microchannel." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-4814.

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Abstract Inertial focusing of microscale particles has increasingly attracted attentions in various microfluidic applications, such as manipulations of particles/cells, flow cytometry, and highsensitive detection, owing to its passive, robust, and high-throughput nature. While most fundamental studies in literatures have focused on the lateral migration and transverse equilibrium position of single particles in micro-channels with various cross sections, very few of them have dug into the forming and ordering mechanisms of an inertially focused particle train. In this study, the forming inertially focused particle trains are investigated by coupling the lattice Boltzmann method with the immersed boundary method (IB-LBM). The inertial migrations of 6 particles (40 μm in diameter) are simulated in a square microchannel (100 μm in width). The results indicated that the equilibrium axis distance between two neighboring particles is strongly affected by complicated particle-to-particle and particle-to-liquid interactions. Two critical length fractions Lf,c1 and Lf,c2 are observed, which have insignificant effect on balanced distance between two neighboring particles in a particle train.
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