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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lipoproteins Analysis'
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1
Barrett, P. Hugh R. "The kinetic analysis and computer modelling of lipoprotein metabolism in man." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb274.pdf.
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Leigh, Spencer A. "Functional analysis of the mycoplasma fermentans P29 adhesin." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9999300.
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Chandra, Richa. "The analysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in human serum for clinical studies." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1745.
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Kung, Sin-yan. "Analysis of vitellogenin gene (MeVg2) from the sand shrimp (Metapenaeusensis): gene organization andexpression study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30497292.
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Huang, Haibin. "Analysis of lipoproteins, outer membrane proteins, and genetic diversities of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155154668.
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Ayyobi, Amir Fardad. "Analysis of lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) protein structure and its influence on binding to plasma lipoproteins." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0014/NQ56499.pdf.
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YAMADA, SHIN'YA, KATSUMI YAMANAKA, SHIN'YA ISHIHARA, HISATAKA SAKAKIBARA, TAKA-AKI KONDO, MASASHI FURUTA, and MASARU MIYAO. "The Relationship of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to Obesity, Drinking and Smoking Habits." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17534.
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Conway, James Patrick. "Systems biology analysis of macrophage foam cells finding a novel function for Peroxiredoxin I /." Connect to text online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1156961185.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2006.[School of Medicine] Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.
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Amigó, Grau Núria. "Lipoprotein analysis by 2d diffusion-ordered 1h-nmr spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665148.
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The need for predictors of cardiovascular disease is increasing due to the pandemic levels that metabolic disorders are achieving. One of the main areas where new biomarkers can be looked for is in the lipids and lipoproteins field. NMR spectroscopy appears to be a suitable analytical tool to develop novel methodologies, which will aid in the assessment and management of cardiovascular events and cardio-metabolic disease, due to its sensitivity to the lipoprotein content and size, robustness and the possibility of automation.
Part of the research presented in this thesis is focused on the development and industrialization of the Liposcale test: an advanced lipoprotein test based on 2D diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (2D-DOSY NMR), born in a pure research framework, aiming to prepare it for the clinical use. Additionally, the scientific interest for the results derived from the lipoprotein characterization by 2D-DOSY NMR has been demonstrated over the course of the present thesis as reflected by the participation in several research studies from diverse areas of application, in which the test has given insights into the lipoprotein metabolism.
Alternatively, we have used 2D-DOSY NMR experiments for the study of the HDL isolated fraction for the evaluation and monitoring of diabetic dislipemia in combination with two other biophysical techniques -Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and fluorimetry, to explore lipoprotein properties beyond lipid content, such as the molecular lipoprotein structure and surface; favoring to understand their functionality in processes that deal with metabolic disorders.
Finally, the thesis explores how non-pharmacological nutritional interventions and diet modulates the lipoprotein profile; and how its characterization by using NMR can be used as an alternative to the traditional lipid characterization being sensitive to the lipoprotein distribution between subfractions and size, and therefore a better tool to evaluate different types of interventions, both pharmacological and nutritional.
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Douvris, Adrianna. "Functional Analysis of the TRIB1 Locus in Coronary Artery Disease." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20115.
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The TRIB1 locus (8q24.13) is a novel locus associated with plasma TGs and CAD risk. Trib1 is a regulator of MAPK activity, and has been shown to regulate hepatic lipogenesis and VLDL production in mice. However, the functional relationship between common SNPs at the TRIB1 locus and plasma lipid traits is unknown; TRIB1 has not been identified as an eQTL. This cluster of SNPs falls within an intergenic region 25kb to 50kb downstream of the TRIB1 coding region. By phylogenetic footprinting analysis and DNA genotyping, we identified an evolutionarily conserved region (CNS1) within the risk locus that harbours two common SNPs in tight LD with GWAS risk SNPs and significantly associated with CAD. We investigated the regulatory function of CNS1 by luciferase reporter assays in HepG2 cells and demonstrate that this region has promoter activity. In addition, the rs2001844 risk allele significantly reduces luciferase activity, suggesting that altered expression of the EST-based gene may be associated with plasma TGs. We identified an EST within the risk locus directly downstream of CNS1. We performed 5'/3' RACE using HepG2 RNA, identified multiple variants of this EST-based gene, and confirmed its transcription start site within CNS1. We hypothesize that this EST is a long noncoding RNA due to low abundance, poor conservation, and absence of significant ORF. Over-expression of a short variant implicates its function in the regulation of target gene transcription, although the mechanism of action remains unknown. We conclude that the risk locus at 8q24.13 harbours a novel EST-based gene that may explain the relationship between GWAS SNPs at this locus and plasma lipid traits.
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Gabel, Brent R. "Analysis of lipoprotein(a) assembly." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35960.pdf.
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Lester, Sandy Marie. "Lipoprotein subclass analysis by immunospecific density." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3123.
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Henriquez, Ronald Rene. "Fluorometric sedimentation equilibrium for lipoprotein sub-class analysis." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2027.
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Hassan, Mohammed Fahri. "Mutation analysis at the lipoprotein lipase gene locus in two South African kindreds." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26967.
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Familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism associated with massive chylomicronaemia. Patients often present early in life with abdominal pain, pancreatitis, hepatosplenomegaly, eruptive xanthomata and zero to near zero levels of LPL activity in post-heparin plasma. The genetic heterogeneity underlying this disease is well-characterised and over 40 mutations have been described at the LPL gene loci. In this report three mutations are described at the LPL locus in two unrelated probands, namely, JJ (Kindred I) and LB (Kindred II). JJ presented early in childhood with signs and symptoms suggestive of LPL-deficiency. These were abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly and a markedly reduced LPL activity (38% of normal) in post-heparin plasma. DNA studies showed JJ to be a compound heterozygote for two point mutations in the LPL gene, these being, the I194T and C418Y substitutions, which occur in exons 5 and 9, respectively. Several mutation detection systems were set up as part of the characterisation and screening workup for these mutations; these were, allele-specific oligo nucleotide (ASO) hybridisation, "ARMS" PCR, PCR-SSCP, RT-PCR and DNA sequence analysis. In an earlier separate study, in vitro transfection results showed that the I194T mutant was catalytically inactive. Our findings of zero LPL activity in JJ's post-heparin plasma, implies that the C418Y mutation is also likely to produce an inactive protein product. The differences in LPL activity observed during the pre- and post-pubertal stages, if not artefactual, may be due to differential processing of LPL during human development with loss of activity post puberty. LB was first diagnosed with pancreatitis during the third trimester of her pregnancy. Although her child, BB, was successfully delivered by caesarean section, LB died of haemorrhagic pancreatitis with the marked hyperlipidaemia being suggestive of an underlying deficiency in LPL activity. Genomic DNA from her parents was first subjected to mutation analysis, since only slide specimens of post-mortem material were available from LB. Maternal DNA revealed a 0-A transition at nucleotide position 1516 which results in the substitution of lysine for glutamic acid at codon 421 in exon 9 (E421K), while paternal DNA show a single polymorphism at codon 108 in exon 3 of the LPL gene. Analysis of archival DNA obtained from histopathological slides of spleen tissue from LB also showed the E421K mutation. This mutation was also detected in her offspring, BB indicating maternal inheritance in three generations. While, this mutation may produce a catalytically defective product, the evidence is insufficient to propose a role for LPL deficiency as the primary cause of death in this patient, hence the search for a second mutation in the LPL gene of LB is imperative to establish this association.
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Maleki, Karyak Mohsen. "Modeling and analysis of lipid bilayers with applications to vesicles and lipoprotein particles." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121455.
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Continuum approaches for modeling lipid bilayers are developed and applied to two-phase lipid vesicles and discoidal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. First, relying on a three-dimensional model, the mechanics of a lipid bilayer with spontaneous curvature is considered. Kinematics, material symmetry, stress relations, and coherency of lipid bilayer leaflets are discussed. Treating a lipid bilayer as a thin structure, the areal energy density of a lipid bilayer with spontaneous curvature is obtained using a dimension-reduction procedure. Attention is paid on the source of spontaneous curvature in the well known Canham–Helfrich energy density. Also, the effect of constitutive asymmetry of the leaflets on the areal energy density of a lipid bilayer is highlighted.Considering a two-phase vesicle as system of coexisting spherical domains, its equilibrium is studied using a simple continuum model. Multidomain and ground-state configurations are considered. Whereas in the former case multiple budded lipid domains coexist on a vesicle, in the latter case the vesicle is composed of two large lipid domains. Variations of the net potential-energy of a multidomain vesicle with the number of lipid domains and osmotic pressure are studied. Based on an energy comparison argument, two ground-state configurations corresponding to minimum energy levels are identified: pinched-off and complete sphere configurations. The results indicate that osmotic pressure and initial excess radius play key roles in the final shape of attaining ground-state configurations. The critical values of these parameters are identified. Lastly, the equilibrium and stability of a discoidal HDL particle are studied. A model in which the lipid bilayer and double-belt apoA-I components of discoidal HDL particle are represented by a material surface and a material curve perfectly bonded to the edge of the surface is proposed. The curvature energy and surface tension of lipid bilayer and the bending energy of apoA-I chain are included. Adopting a variational scheme, nonlinear equilibrium equations of a discoidal HDL particle in a general configuration are derived using both direct, geometrically-based and parametrized formulations. The linearized equilibrium equations of a flat circular HDL particle are obtained and its linear stability is investigated using the second variation method. An energy comparison method is applied and is found to offer a handy approach for ascertaining linear stability. Numerical results are provided for the equilibrium and stability of flat circular HDL particle. A stability plane indicating different stable and unstable regions of underlying dimensionless input parameters is provided. Possible pathways of stability change and instability mode shapes are identified. It is shown that the first transverse and planar instability modes resemble nonplanar saddle-like and planar elliptic shapes, respectively.Des méthodes de milieux continus pour la modélisation de bicouches lipidiques sont développées et appliquées à des vésicules lipidiques à deux phases et à des particules discoïdes de lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL). Tout d'abord, en s'appuyant sur un modéle tridimensionnel, la mécanique d'une bicouche lipidique possédant une courbure spontanée est considérée. La Cinématique, la symétrie matérielle, les relations de stress, et la cohérence de bicouches lipidiques sont discutées. En traitant une bicouche lipidique comme une structure mince, la densité d'énergie surfacique d'une bicouche lipidique ayant une courbure spontanée est obtenue à l'aide d'une procédure de réduction de dimension. L'attention est portée sur la source de courbure spontanée de la densité d'énergie bien connue de Canham–Helfrich. En outre, l'effet de l'asymétrie constitutive des sur la densité d'énergie surfacique d'une bicouche lipidique est mis en évidence. Considérant une vésicule à deux phases comme système de domaines sphériques coexistants, son équilibre est étudié à l'aide d'un modèle simple de milieu continu. Des configurations multi-domaines et de l'état fondamental sont considérées. Alors que, dans le premier cas, plusieurs domaines lipidiques bourgeonnés coexistent sur une vésicule, dans le dernier cas, la vésicule est composée de deux grands domaines lipidiques. La variation de l'énergie potentielle nette d'une vésicule multi-domaine en fonction du nombre de domaines lipidiques et de la pression osmotique est étudiée. En se basant sur la comparaison de l'énergie, deux configurations de l'état fondamental correspondant à des niveaux d'énergie minimaux sont identifiés: la configuration étranglée et la sphère complète. Les résultats indiquent que la pression osmotique et le rayon excédentaire initial jouent un rôle clé dans la forme finale des configurations à l'état fondamental. Les valeurs critiques de ces paramètres sont identifiées. Enfin, l'équilibre et la stabilité d'une particule HDL discoïde sont étudiés. Un modèle dans lequel la bicouche lipidique et les composants d'ApoA-I à double bande de la particule de HDL discoïde sont représentées par une surface de matériau et une courbe de matériau parfaitement collée sur le bord de la surface est proposé. L'énergie de courbure et la tension de surface de la bicouche lipidique ainsi que l'énergie de flexion de la chaîne apoA-I sont incluses. En adoptant un schéma variationnel, les équations d'équilibre non-linéaire d'une particule de HDL discoïdale dans une configuration générale sont calculées d'après des formulations directes, basées sur la géométrie, ou paramétrées. Les équations d'équilibre linéarisées d'une particule de HDL circulaire plane sont obtenues et sa stabilité linéaire est étudiée en utilisant la seconde méthode de variation. Une méthode de comparaison de l'énergie est appliquée et se trouve à offrir une approche pratique pour déterminer la stabilité linéaire. Des résultats numériques sont présentés pour l'équilibre et la stabilité des particules de HDL circulaires planes. Un plan de stabilité indiquant différentes régions stables et instables des paramètres d'entrée adimensionnels sous-jacents est fourni. Certaines possibilités de changement de stabilité et les formes modales d'instabilité sont identifiées. Il est démontré que les premiers modes d'instabilité transversale et plane ressemblent aux formes de selle non planes et d'ellipse plane, respectivement.
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Yang, Wei-Shiung. "Functional analysis of the human lipoprotein lipase gene promoter and its naturally-occurring variants /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10268.
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Hirayama, Hiroshi. "Purification and functional analysis of cholesterol transporter ABCG1 and ABCG4." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180522.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第17905号
農博第2028号
新制||農||1018(附属図書館)
学位論文||H25||N4801(農学部図書室)
30725
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 植田 和光, 教授 加納 健司, 教授 小川 順
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Broussaud, Sébastien. "Evaluation du cholestérol dans deux lipoprotéines athérogènes : les LDL [low density lipoprotéins] et la Lp(a) [lipoprotéine a]." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P012.
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Beauvieux, Marie-Christine. "Le point sur les lipoprotéines modifiées : recherche sur leur mobilité électrophorétique : application au diabète sucré." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P077.
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Martig, Sandra. "Analysis of lipoprotein LppC, a reactive antigen of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC, the etiological agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Opperman, Anna Margaretha. "Meta-analysis and systematic review of the benefits expected when the glycaemic index is used in planning diets / Anna Margaretha Opperman." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/557.
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Motivation: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM)
and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rapidly increasing in industrialized societies. Experts
believe that lifestyle, and in particular its nutritional aspects, plays a decisive role in
increasing the burden of these chronic conditions. Dietary habits would, therefore, be
modified to exert a positive impact on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases of
lifestyle. It is believed that the state of hyperglycaemia that is observed following food intake
under certain dietary regimes contributes to the development of various metabolic conditions.
This is not only true for individuals with poor glycaemic control such as some diabetics, but
could also be true for healthy individuals. It would, therefore, be helpful to be able to reduce
the amplitude and duration of postprandial hyperglycaemia. Selecting the correct type of
carbohydrate (CHO) foods may produce less postprandial hyperglycaemia, representing a
possible strategy in the prevention and treatment of chronic metabolic diseases. At the same
time, a key focus of sport nutrition is the optimal amount of CHO that an athlete should
consume and the optimal timing of consumption. The most important nutritional goals of the
athlete are to prepare body CHO stores pre-exercise, provide energy during prolonged
exercise and restore glycogen stores during the recovery period. The ultimate aim of these
strategies is to maintain CHO availability to the muscle and central nervous system during
prolonged moderate to high intensity exercise, since these are important factors in exercise
capacity and performance. However, the type of CHO has been studied less often and with
less attention to practical concerns than the amount of CHO.
The glycaemic index (GI) refers to the blood glucose raising potential of CHO foods and,
therefore, influences secretion of insulin. In several metabolic disorders, secretion of insulin
is inadequate or impossible, leading to poor glycaemic control. It has been suggested that
low GI diets could potentially contribute to a significant improvement of the conditions
associated with poor glycaemic control. Insulin secretion is also important to athletes since
the rate of glycogen synthesis depends on insulin due to it stimulatory effect on the activity of
glycogen synthase.
Objectives: Three main objectives were identified for this study. The first was to conduct a
meta-analysis of the effects of the GI on markers for CHO and lipid metabolism with the
emphasis on randomised controlled trials (RCT's). Secondly, a systematic review was
performed to determine the strength of the body of scientific evidence from epidemiological
studies combined with RCT's to encourage dieticians to incorporate the GI concept in meal
planning. Finally, a systematic review of the effect of the GI in sport performance was
conducted on all available literature up to date to investigate whether the application of the
GI in an athlete's diet can enhance physical performance.
Methodology: For the meta-analysis, the search was for randomised controlled trials with a
cross-over or parallel design published in English between 1981 and 2003, investigating the
effect of low GI vs high GI diets on markers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The main
outcomes were serum fructosamine, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), total cholesterol
(TC) and triacylglycerols (TG). For the systematic review, epidemiological studies as well as
RCT's investigating the effect of LGI vs HGI diets on markers for carbohydrate and lipid
metabolism were used. For the systematic review on the effect of the GI on sport
performance, RCT's with either a cross-over or parallel design that were published in English
between January 1981 and September 2004 were used. All relevant manuscripts for the
systematic reviews as well as meta-analysis were obtained through a literature search on
relevant databases such as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE
(1981 to present), EMBASE, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect and PubMed. This
thesis is presented in the article format.
Results and conclusions of the individual manuscripts:
For the meta-analysis, literature searches identified 16 studies that met the strict
inclusion criteria. Low GI diets significantly reduced fructosamine (p<0.05), HbA1c,
(p<0.03), TC(p<0.0001) and tended to reduce LDL-c (p=0.06) compared to high GI diets.
No changes were observed in HDL-c and TG concentrations. Results from this meta analysis,
therefore, support the use of the GI concept in choosing CHO-containing foods
to reduce TC and improve blood glucose control in diabetics.
The systematic review combined the results of the preceding meta-analysis and results
from epidemiological studies. Prospective epidemiological studies showed improvements
in HDL-c concentrations over longer time periods with low GI diets vs. high GI diets, while
the RCT's failed to show an improvement in HDL-c over the short-term. This could be
attributed to the short intervention period during which the RCT's were conducted.
Furthermore, epidemiological studies failed to show positive relationships between LDL-c
and TC and low GI diets, while RCT's reported positive results on both these lipids with
low GI diets. However, the epidemiological studies, as well as the RCT's showed positive
results with low GI diets on markers of CHO metabolism. Taken together, convincing
evidence from RCT's as well as epidemiological studies exists to recommend the use of
low GI diets to improve markers of CHO as well as of lipid metabolism.
3 From the systematic review regarding the GI and sport performance it does not seem that
low GI pre-exercise meals provide any advantages over high GI pre-exercise meals.
Although low GI pre-exercise meals may better maintain CHO availability during exercise,
low GI pre-exercise meals offer no added advantage over high GI meals regarding
performance. Furthermore, the exaggerated metabolic responses from high GI compared
to low GI CHO seems not be detrimental to exercise performance. However, athletes
who experience hypoglycaemia when consuming CHO-rich feedings in the hour prior to
exercise are advised to rather consume low GI pre-exercise meals. No studies have
been reported on the GI during exercise. Current evidence suggests a combination of
CHO with differing Gl's such as glucose (high GI), sucrose (moderate GI) and fructose
(low GI) will deliver the best results in terms of exogenous CHO oxidation due to different
transport mechanisms. Although no studies are conducted on the effect of the GI on
short-term recovery it is speculated that high GI CHO is most effective when the recovery
period is between 0-8 hours, however, evidence suggests that when the recovery period
is longer (20-24 hours), the total amount of CHO is more important than the type of CHO.
Conclusion: There is an important body of evidence in support of a therapeutic and
preventative potential of low GI diets to improve markers for CHO and lipid metabolism. By
substituting high GI CHO-rich with low GI CHO-rich foods improved overall metabolic control.
In addition, these diets reduced TC, tended to improve LDL-c and might have a positive
effect over the long term on HDL-c. This confirms the place for low GI diets in disease
prevention and management, particularly in populations characterised by already high
incidences of insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and abnormal lipid levels. For athletes it
seems that low GI pre-exercise meals do not provide any advantage regarding performance
over high GI pre-exercise meals. However, low GI meals can be recommended to athletes
who are prone to develop hypoglycaemia after a CHO-rich meal in the hour prior to exercise.
No studies have been reported on the effect of the GI during exercise. However, it has been
speculated that a combination of CHO with varying Gl's deliver the best results in terms of
exogenous CHO oxidation. No studies exist investigating the effect of the GI on short-term
recovery, however, it is speculated that high GI CHO-rich foods are suitable when the
recovery period is short (0-8 h), while the total amount rather than the type of CHO is
important when the recovery period is longer (20-24 h). Therefore, the GI is a scientifically
based tool to enable the selection of CHO-containing foods to improve markers for CHO and
lipid metabolism as well as to help athletes to prepare optimally for competitions.
Recommendations: Although a step nearer has been taken to confirm a place for the GI in
human health, additional randomised, controlled, medium and long-term studies as well as
more epidemiological studies are needed to investigate further the effect of low GI diets on
LDL-c. HDL-c and TG. These studies are essential to investigate the effect of low GI diets
on endpoints such as CVD and DM. This will also show whether low GI diets can reduce the
risk of diabetic complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy. Furthermore, the public
at large must be educated about the usefulness and application of the GI in meal planning.
For sport nutrition, randomised controlled trials should be performed to investigate the role of
the GI during exercise as well as in sports of longer duration such as cricket and tennis.
More studies are needed to elucidate the short-term effect of the GI post-exercise as well as
to determine the mechanism of lower glycogen storage with LGI meals post-exercise.Thesis (Ph.D. (Dietetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Herrington, William Guy. "What are the effects of lowering LDL-cholesterol on risk of stroke in chronic kidney disease? : evidence from the Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607722.
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Saverot-Dauvergne, Agnès. "Modifications des lipoprotèines de haute densité (HDL) d'origine humaine et de leurs sous-classes (HDL2, HDL3) par des liposomes de phosphatidylcholines et de sphingomyélines : analyse biochimique et étude structurale par résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE)." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P619.
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Des, Moutis H. "Evaluation des lipoprotéines A1 au cours d'un bilan lipidique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P054.
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Li, Yun. "Development of Biocompatible Polymer Monoliths for the Analysis of Proteins and Peptides." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3161.pdf.
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Sun, Cathy J. "Concordance and Discordance Between Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B as Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers over the Full Spectrum of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Lipid Clinic Data." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41980.
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Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Lipid biomarkers are frequently used for prediction of cardiovascular disease risk. Triglycerides are routinely checked in blood work, and triglycerides are a key component of lipoproteins that contribute to atherogenic plaques, which cause cardiovascular disease. High triglycerides are a common condition in the general population. The relative effect of high triglycerides on the lipid biomarkers (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B) for cardiovascular disease risk prediction is the focus of this thesis. Using cross-sectional lipid profile data from a large Lipid Clinic, we compared the correlation and concordance between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B as cardiovascular disease risk markers among patients with mild, moderate, and severe hypertriglyceridemia. The findings showed that with higher triglycerides, there is lower agreement between the two biomarkers, which raises caution that they are not interchangeable, and further research is needed.
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Pirani, Parisa. "Surface-Engineered Magnetic Nanoparticles for Sample Preparation and Analysis of Proteins and Peptides." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2012.
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Sample preparation as an essential step in mass spectrometry-based analysis, plays a critical role in proteomics studies. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely used in protein and peptide sample preparation due to their magnetic properties, biocompatibility, easy synthesis and surface functionalization. MNPs loaded with analyte or analyte modification reagent can be easily separated from the reaction medium by an externally applied magnetic field. The small size of MNPs provides high analyte loading and extraction capacity. Additionally, MNP can be decorated with different functional groups to achieve selective modification or extraction of analyte. In this study we have utilized silica coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs) for protein and peptide sample preparation.
Fluorescence-based methods were utilized for quantitative and qualitative characterization of N-hydrosucccinimidyl (NHS) ester groups on the surface of Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs. Fluorophore Dansylcadaverine was conjugated to NHS ester functional groups. Fluorometric measurement of cleaved dansylcadaveine was employed to determine the number of NHS ester groups per MNPs that was found to be 2.6 × 102 and 3.4 × 103for 20 nm and 100 nm Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPrespectively. The efficiency of labeling native bovine serum albumin (BSA) by NHS ester coated Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs was also explored in terms of maximizing the number of MNPs conjugated per BSA molecule or maximizing the number of BSA molecules conjugated per each MNP.
Lysine residues of apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) on the surface of intact human low density lipoprotein (LDL) were labeled by NHS ester modified Fe3O4@SiO2 MNPs in aqueous solvents at room temperature. The MNP labeledapoB-100 was treated by SDS to remove lipids and then digested using trypsin. Tryptic peptides were eluted from MNPs by cleaving disulfide linkage between labeled peptides and MNPs. LC-MS/MS analysis found 28 peptides containing labeled lysine residues. These lysine residues should be on the solvent exposed surface of LDL since the large size of MNPs prevents contact of the labeling reagent to those lysines embedded inside the structure of LDL.
TCEP- immobilized Fe3O4@SiO2MNPs were fabricated and utilized for reduction of disulfide bonds in bovine pancreas insulin and two different cyclic peptides. Disulfide bonds were efficiently cleaved at room temperature in both organic and aqueous solvents confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis of reduced/alkylated protein and peptides. Disulfide reduction and alkylation reactions was performed in one step and the reducing agent was simply separated from peptide and protein solution by magnetic separation.
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Clouet, Noémie. "Caractérisation métrologique de méthodes de références primaires candidates pour l’énumération des lipoprotéines et le dosage de l’hémoglobine glyquée HbA1c." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS018.
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En biologie clinique, disposer de mesures fiables et comparables, indépendamment du temps et du laboratoire, est primordial afin de permettre une prise en charge et un suivi adaptés des patients. Le moyen privilégié est d’établir la traçabilité métrologique des résultats de mesure aux unités du système international (SI), notamment par le biais de méthodes de référence et de matériaux de référence certifiés d’ordre supérieur. Ces travaux de thèse se sont attachés à caractériser deux méthodes de référence primaires candidates. Une méthode d’énumération absolue des lipoprotéines par ES-DMA pour l’évaluation du risque cardiovasculaire a été développée et caractérisée. Les résultats obtenus ont mis en évidence certaines limitations instrumentales rendant l’établissement de la traçabilité au SI difficile. Malgré les avantages certains de cette méthode pour l’analyse avancée de lipoprotéines, la fidélité et la robustesse des mesures ne sont pas suffisantes pour la considérer comme méthode de référence primaire. Une méthode de quantification de l’hémoglobine glyquée HbA1c, un biomarqueur du diabète sucré, par LC-MS/MS associée à la dilution isotopique a été mise en place et validée. La traçabilité au SI des résultats de dosage a été établie, toutefois, les incertitudes de mesures demeurent élevées et la comparabilité avec la méthode de référence IFCC reste à évaluer sur un nombre plus significatif d’échantillons et de laboratoires. Pour conclure, ces travaux ont mis en évidence les défis associés à la mise en place de nouvelles chaînes de traçabilité ainsi que les problématiques liées au développement de méthodes de référence primaires pour le dosage de biomarqueurs complexesEnsuring reliability and between-laboratory comparability of in-vitro diagnostic test results is essential for appropriate and internationally harmonized decision making and patient follow-up. To this end, a privileged way is to establish results metrological traceability to the international system of units (SI) through the development of primary reference methods and higher order reference materials. This thesis aimed at characterizing two candidate primary reference procedures.A method for lipoprotein absolute quantification by ES-DMA for cardiovascular diseases risk assessment was developed and characterized. Results evidenced some advantages of this method compared to other advanced lipoprotein testing assays, but some instrumental weaknesses make the establishment of results traceability to the SI difficult in the current state-of-the-art. Precision and robustness are additionally not sufficient for this method to be considered as a primary reference method.A method for the quantification of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, a biomarker of diabetes mellitus, by LC/MS/MS associated to isotopic dilution was implemented and validated. Results traceability to the SI units could successfully be established. However, measurement uncertainties remain large and comparability with the IFCC reference method is still to be further assessed on a significant number of samples and laboratories.To conclude, this study highlighted the challenges associated with the implementation of new traceability chains and the difficulties related to the development and characterization of primary reference procedures for the quantification of complex biological markers
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Carvalho, Jozélio Freire de. ""Antilipoproteína lipase (LPL): um novo componente no complexo processo aterosclerótico do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico?"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5145/tde-27092005-130705/.
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Dislipidemia é implicada no processo aterosclerótico do LES. A descrição de aLPL no LES associado a hipertrigliceridemia levou-nos a analisar esse anticorpo no contexto da inflamação envolvida na aterogênese. aLPL foi encontrado em 38% dos pacientes com LES com altos níveis de triglicérides. Correlação positiva significante foi observada entre aLPL e PCR, VHS, SLEDAI, anti-DNA, anti-cardiolipina e CH100 baixo. Análise de regressão múltipla confirmou a forte associação entre aLPL e PCR. Esses dados dão suporte à associação entre inflamação, resposta imune e dislipidemia, introduzindo o aLPL como um novo componente nos complexos eventos da aterogênese do LESDyslipidemia is implicated in the atherosclerosis process of SLE. The description of aLPL in SLE associated with hypertrigliceridemia prompted us to analyze this antibody in the context of the inflammation involved in the atherogenesis. aLPL was found in 38 por cento of SLE patients with high levels of triglycerides. Significant positive correlation was observed between aLPL and CRP, ESR, SLEDAI, anti-DNA, anti-cardiolipin and low CH100. Multiple regression analysis confirmed the strong association between aLPL and CRP. These data support the link between inflammation, immune response and dyslipidemia, introducing anti-LPL as new player in the complex events of atherogenesis in SLE
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Harrington, Dean J., and I. C. Sutcliffe. "Putative lipoproteins of Streptococcus agalactiae identified by bioinformatic genome analysis." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4148.
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Streptococcus agalactiae is a significant pathogen causing invasive disease in neonates and thus an understanding of the molecular basis of the pathogenicity of this organism is of importance. N-terminal lipidation is a major mechanism by which bacteria can tether proteins to membranes. Lipidation is directed by the presence of a cysteine-containing lsquolipoboxrsquo within specific signal peptides and this feature has greatly facilitated the bioinformatic identification of putative lipoproteins. We have designed previously a taxon-specific pattern (G+LPP) for the identification of Gram-positive bacterial lipoproteins, based on the signal peptides of experimentally verified lipoproteins (Sutcliffe I.C. and Harrington D.J. Microbiology 148: 2065¿2077). Patterns searches with this pattern and other bioinformatic methods have been used to identify putative lipoproteins in the recently published genomes of S. agalactiae strains 2603/V and NEM316. A core of 39 common putative lipoproteins was identified, along with 5 putative lipoproteins unique to strain 2603/V and 2 putative lipoproteins unique to strain NEM316. Thus putative lipoproteins represent ca. 2% of the S. agalactiae proteome. As in other Gram-positive bacteria, the largest functional category of S. agalactiae lipoproteins is that predicted to comprise of substrate binding proteins of ABC transport systems. Other roles include lipoproteins that appear to participate in adhesion (including the previously characterised Lmb protein), protein export and folding, enzymes and several species-specific proteins of unknown function. These data suggest lipoproteins may have significant roles that influence the virulence of this important pathogen.
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Sutcliffe, I. C., and Dean J. Harrington. "Putative lipoproteins of Streptococcus agalactiae identified by bioinformatic genome analysis." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11582.
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NoStreptococcus agalactiae is a significant pathogen causing invasive disease in neonates and thus an understanding of the molecular basis of the pathogenicity of this organism is of importance. N-terminal lipidation is a major mechanism by which bacteria can tether proteins to membranes. Lipidation is directed by the presence of a cysteine-containing 'lipobox' within specific signal peptides and this feature has greatly facilitated the bioinformatic identification of putative lipoproteins. We have designed previously a taxon-specific pattern (G+LPP) for the identification of Gram-positive bacterial lipoproteins, based on the signal peptides of experimentally verified lipoproteins (Sutcliffe I.C. and Harrington D.J. Microbiology 148: 2065-2077). Patterns searches with this pattern and other bioinformatic methods have been used to identify putative lipoproteins in the recently published genomes of S. agalactiae strains 2603/V and NEM316. A core of 39 common putative lipoproteins was identified, along with 5 putative lipoproteins unique to strain 2603/V and 2 putative lipoproteins unique to strain NEM316. Thus putative lipoproteins represent ca. 2% of the S. agalactiae proteome. As in other Gram-positive bacteria, the largest functional category of S. agalactiae lipoproteins is that predicted to comprise of substrate binding proteins of ABC transport systems. Other roles include lipoproteins that appear to participate in adhesion (including the previously characterised Lmb protein), protein export and folding, enzymes and several species-specific proteins of unknown function. These data suggest lipoproteins may have significant roles that influence the virulence of this important pathogen.
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Sadeghian, Karen Wiese. "Influence of diet and exercise intensity on serum lipids and lipoproteins in young female runners." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27572.
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Schnetler, Rozanné. "Lipidomic studies of meibomian expressions and immunological tear protein analysis in patients with keratoconus and dry eye disease." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11392.
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M.Sc. (Biochemistry)Dry eye disease (DED) and keratoconus (KC) continue to affect the quality of life of many South Africans (and elsewhere) and in the case of KC often leads to blindness. It is estimated that DED affects 14% to 33% of the population worldwide, while 1 in 2000 of the worlds population is affected by KC. However, details of the etiology of these diseases and their biochemical ‘fingerprint’ remain uncertain. In this study, emphasis was placed on the investigation of immunological proteins in the precorneal tear film of DED and KC subjects and meibomian lipids in these individuals. Tear fluid and meibum were collected from control, DED and KC volunteers. Control subjects were non-contact lens wearers and free from ocular diseases, whereas DED subjects were diagnosed by means of an ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire. DED subjects were divided into two groups: ‘moderate DED’ and ‘severe DED’ based on OSDI. KC subjects were diagnosed by the use of a slit-lamp biomicroscopy exam. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assays were performed to quantitate secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in the collected tear fluid. Meibum was analysed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Multivariate data analyses (PCA) were used to extract interpretable information from the multidimensional data generated from the aforementioned techniques and used to build a broad picture of the general lipidomic differences between DED, KC and healthy subjects. Tear levels of sIgA and MMP-1 were significantly decreased in patients with KC compared to control. In contrast, the tears of severe DED subjects were characterised by higher levels of TNF-á and lower levels of sIgA. In subjects with moderate DED, TNF-á levels were significantly elevated. The results of this study re-emphasize that KC and DED individuals are associated with differential expression of specific tear proteins and support the view that the severity of DED is reflected in the levels of immunological proteins present in basal tears. Differences in the chemical composition of meibum from subjects with severe DED and KC compared to control were observed, more specifically in the aliphatic region of 1H-NMR spectra and C-C rocking region of FTIR spectra. The results therefore point towards the saturated components of fatty acids (and their chemical environments) as key targets for future investigations to elucidate compositional differences between DED, KC and healthy meibum.
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Cardoso, Sara Andreia Zuzarte. "Relatórios de Estágio e Monografia intitulada de "MicroRNAs e HDLs: Alvos Promissores na Terapêutica das Doenças Cardiovasculares?"." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/83777.
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Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de FarmáciaO estágio curricular no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas vem, como a última etapa do nosso percurso académico, representar o nosso primeiro contacto com a realidade profissional, na qual todos os nossos conhecimentos adquiridos na faculdade são consolidados, dando-nos a oportunidade de contactar com a realidade farmacêutica. Ao colocar os nossos conhecimentos em prática e ao desenvolvermos novas competências, permite-nos adquirir a experiência profissional necessária para futuramente integrarmos o mundo de trabalho. Para além do estágio curricular em Farmácia Comunitária, tive também a oportunidade de realizar um estágio em Indústria Farmacêutica. Os presentes relatórios têm como objetivo descrever esta experiência, através uma avaliação do meu desempenho sob a forma de análise SWOT (Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats), a qual me permitiu identificar quais os pontos fortes, pontos fracos, bem como as oportunidades e ameaças sentidas ao longo do meu estágio. A aterosclerose consiste numa doença inflamatória crónica da parede arterial, caracterizada pela acumulação subendotelial de colesterol associado a lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (LDL), com a consequente formação de placas ateroscleróticas. A aterosclerose e as suas complicações clínicas são as principais causas de morbilidade e mortalidade nos países desenvolvidos, e, deste modo, a prevenção e o tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) tornam-se cruciais. Vários estudos epidemiológicos comprovaram a relação inversa entre o colesterol associado às lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL-C) e o risco de desenvolvimento da doença cardiovascular. De facto, as HDL desempenham um papel fundamental na prevenção da aterosclerose devido à sua ação ateroprotetora, fundamentalmente através da sua ação no transporte reverso de colesterol (RCT). No entanto, várias tentativas terapêuticas para aumentar a concentração do HDL-C falharam em demonstrar a redução do risco cardiovascular, sugerindo que a composição e funcionalidade das HDL se mostra mais importante do que a concentração de HDL-C para a proteção contra a aterosclerose. Deste modo, têm sido desenvolvidos vários estudos que procuram compreender os mecanismos que regulam não só os teores plasmáticos das HDL como também as suas funções. Neste âmbito, os microRNAs (miRNAs) têm sido reportados como agentes que controlam a concentração e a funcionalidade das HDL. Os miRNAs consistem em small RNAs não codificantes que regulam a expressão génica pós-transcricional, encontrando-se envolvidos em vários processos biológicos e doenças. De facto, tem-se verificado que diversos miRNAs se encontram alterados em várias doenças, nomeadamente na DCV. Além disso, os miRNAs, nomeadamente os miR-33a/b, têm demonstrado desempenhar um papel importante na regulação de redes génicas envolvidas em várias etapas do RCT, como a biogénese das HDL, o efluxo de colesterol e a captação hepática de colesterol. Foi também demonstrado que as HDL transportam consigo miRNAs, que podem ser posteriormente entregues às células dos tecidos periféricos e aqui regularem igualmente redes de genes envolvidas na formação e progressão da placa aterosclerótica. Devido à sua capacidade de regulação de genes envolvidos em várias etapas do metabolismo e da funcionalidade das HDL, e da promoção do transporte reverso de colesterol, os miRNAs apresentam-se como potenciais alvos terapêuticos para o tratamento e prevenção das DCV.
The curricular internship as part of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences, as the last stage of our academic course, represents our first contact with the professional reality, in which all our acquired knowledge is consolidated, giving us the opportunity to contact with the pharmaceutical reality. By applying our knowledge and by developing our skills, the curricular internship allows us to acquire the necessary professional experience to integrate world of work in the future. Besides the curricular internship in Community Pharmacy, I also had the opportunity to perform an internship in Pharmaceutical Industry. The purpose of these reports is to describe this experience through an evaluation of my performance under the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis model, which allowed me to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats throughout my internship.Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, characterized by subendotelial accumulation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), with the consequent formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Atherosclerosis and its clinical complications are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, thus, the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases become crucial. Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the inverse relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Indeed, HDL plays a fundamental role in the prevention of atherosclerosis due to its atheroprotective function, mainly through its activity involved in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Subsequently, several therapeutic attempts to increase HDL-C concentration failed to demonstrate the reduction of cardiovascular risk, suggesting that the HDL composition and its functionality are more important factors for protection against atherosclerosis than the HDL-C concentration. Therefore, several studies have been developed to understand the mechanisms underlying the regulation of plasma HDL levels, as well as their functions. These studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) control the HDL concentration and its functionality. These agents are small non-coding RNAs (sRNA) that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression, and they are involved in various biological processes and diseases. It has been reported that several miRNAs are altered in several diseases, namely in CVD. Additionally, miRNAs, particularly miR-33a/b, have been shown to play an important role in regulating several gene networks involved in several stages of RCT, such as HDL biogenesis, cholesterol efflux and hepatic cholesterol uptake. It has also been reported that HDLs carry miRNAs, which can subsequently be delivered to peripheral tissue cells and also regulate several gene networks involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression. Due to its ability to regulate several genes involved in various steps of HDL metabolism and functionality and RCT promotion, miRNAs are potential therapeutic targets for DCV treatment and prevention.
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Lai, Ching-Wen, and 賴鏡文. "The Epidemiological Analysis of Distributions and Correlates of Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in A Periodic Health Check-Up Population." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72500818639677113684.
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碩士國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
88
Objectives: This study used a data base obtained from a periodic health check-up program of a private health-testing institute to describe the distribution and to assess correlates of lipids and lipoproteins, as indicated by serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a healthy population. Methods: The source of subjects was selected from the database maintained by the private health-testing institute. Individuals who were between 19 and 64 years of age when examined in 1996, had no history of cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, or hypertension, and attended health examination every year between 1996 and 1998 were eligible for this study. As a result, 7,218 subjects including 3,465 men and 3,753 women were included in the analysis of the variation of lipids and lipoproteins. The nature of this variability was examined for each gender by means of a generalized estimating equation (GEE) using indices of biologic variation (i.e., age, body mass index) and behavioral traits (i.e., cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise). Result: The results indicate that the length of time elapsed between initial and subsequent health check-up examinations taken, age and body mass index were the strongest predictors of the variability in serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in both sexes. With regard to behavioral traits, smoking habit was positively correlated with TG but inversely associated with HDL-C levels in men; alcohol drinking was positively related to serum levels of TC, TG and HDL-C in men but was inversely correlated with TG level in women; while exercise was associated with an elevated level of HDL-C, TC and LDL-C in women, but inversely associated with TG levels in men. Conclusions: These study results indicate the range of variability in lipid and lipoprotein values in healthy individuals as well as biologic and behavioral factors contributed to this variability.
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Chen, Andy Bowei. "Application of quantitative analysis in treatment of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3662.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)As our population ages, treating bone and joint ailments is becoming increasingly important. Both osteoporosis, a bone disease characterized by a decreased density of mineral in bone, and osteoarthritis, a joint disease characterized by the degeneration of cartilage on the ends of bones, are major causes of decreased movement ability and increased pain. To combat these diseases, many treatments are offered, including drugs and exercise, and much biomedical research is being conducted. However, how can we get the most out of the research we perform and the treatment we do have? One approach is through computational analysis and mathematical modeling. In this thesis, quantitative methods of analysis are applied in different ways to two systems: osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. A mouse model simulating osteoporosis is treated with salubrinal and knee loading. The bone and cell data is used to formulate a system of differential equations to model the response of bone to each treatment. Using Particle Swarm Optimization, optimal treatment regimens are found, including a consideration of budgetary constraints. Additionally, an in vitro model of osteoarthritis in chondrocytes receives RNA silencing of Lrp5. Microarray analysis of gene expression is used to further elucidate the mode of regulation of ADAMTS5, an aggrecanase associated with cartilage degradation, by Lrp5, including the development of a mathematical model. The math model of osteoporosis reveals a quick response to salubrinal and a delayed but substantial response to knee loading. Consideration of cost effectiveness showed that as budgetary constraints increased, treatment did not start until later. The quantitative analysis of ADAMTS5 regulation suggested the involvement of IL1B and p38 MAPK. This research demonstrates the application of quantitative methods to further the usefulness of biomedical and biomolecular research into treatment and signaling pathways. Further work using these techniques can help uncover a bigger picture of osteoarthritis's mode of action and ideal treatment regimens for osteoporosis.
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Theuerle, James Douglas. "Analysis of Lipoprotein(a) Catabolism." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5233.
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Elevated plasma concentrations of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] have been identified as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases including coronary heart disease and stroke. In the current study, we have examined the binding and degradation of recombinant forms of apolipoprotein(a) [r-apo(a)], the unique kringle-containing moiety of Lp(a), using a cultured cell model. We found that the incubation of human hepatoma (HepG2) cells with an iodinated 17 kringle-containing (17K) recombinant form of apo(a) resulted in a two-component binding system characterized by a high affinity (Kd = 12 nM), low capacity binding site, and a low affinity (Kd = 249 nM), high capacity binding site. We subsequently determined that the high affinity binding site on HepG2 cells corresponds to the LDL receptor. In the HepG2 cell model, association of apo(a) with the LDL receptor was shown to be dependent on the formation of Lp(a) particles from endogenous LDL. Using an apo(a) mutant incapable of binding to the high affinity site through its inability to form Lp(a) particles (17KΔLBS7,8), we further demonstrated that the LDL receptor does not participate in Lp(a) catabolism. The low affinity binding component observed on HepG2 cells, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) fibroblasts and human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells may correspond to a member(s) of the plasminogen receptor family, as binding to this site(s) was decreased by the addition of the lysine analogue epsilon-aminocaproic acid. The lysine-dependent nature of the low affinity binding site was further confirmed in HepG2 binding studies utilizing r-apo(a) species with impaired lysine binding ability. We observed a reduction maximum binding capacity for 17K r-apo(a) variants lacking the strong lysine binding site (LBS) in kringle IV type 10 (17KΔAsp) and the very weak LBS in kringle V (17KΔV). Degradation of Lp(a)/apo(a) was found to be mediated exclusively by the low affinity component on both HepG2 cells and FH fibroblasts. Fluorescence confocal microscopy, using the 17K r-apo(a) variant fused to green fluorescent protein, further confirmed that degradation by the low affinity component on HepG2 cells does not proceed by the activity of cellular lysosomes. Taken together, these data suggest a potentially significant route for Lp(a)/apo(a) clearance in vivo.Thesis (Master, Biochemistry) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-26 02:15:50.754
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Gretch, Daniel Gerard. "Molecular and biochemical analysis of lipoprotein assembly." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33318110.html.
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Huang, Shih Hsien, and 黃世賢. "Immunogenicity analysis of the Salmonella major lipoprotein Lpp1." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30528409355743612268.
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Sutcliffe, I. C., Dean J. Harrington, and M. I. Hutchings. "A phylum level analysis reveals lipoprotein biosynthesis to be a fundamental property of bacteria." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11567.
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NoBacterial lipoproteins are proteins that are post-translationally modified with a diacylglyceride at an N-terminal cysteine, which serves to tether these proteins to the outer face of the plasma membrane or to the outer membrane. This paper reviews recent insights into the enzymology of bacterial lipoprotein biosynthesis and localization. Moreover, we use bioinformatic analyses of bacterial lipoprotein signal peptide features and of the key biosynthetic enzymes to consider the distribution of lipoprotein biosynthesis at the phylum level. These analyses support the important conclusion that lipoprotein biosynthesis is a fundamental pathway utilized across the domain bacteria. Moreover, with the exception of a small number of sequences likely to derive from endosymbiont genomes, the enzymes of bacterial lipoprotein biosynthesis appear unique to bacteria, making this pathway an attractive target for the development of novel antimicrobials. Whilst lipoproteins with comparable signal peptide features are encoded in the genomes of Archaea, it is clear that these lipoproteins have a distinctive biosynthetic pathway that has yet to be characterized.
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Nowlin, Michael. "A step towards quantitative lipoprotein density profiling analysis: applied Rayleigh scattering." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1056.
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Ultracentrifugation and imaging techniques of human blood serum are precise and information-rich methods for obtaining information about an individual’s lipoprotein particle content. The information derived from lipoprotein separations via an ultracentrifuge plays a key role in the area of preventative medicine in regards to atherosclerosis. Two of the most critical lipoprotein characteristics, diameter and density, are well preserved with the proper isopycnic gradient. Currently, lipoprotein particles are stained, ultracentrifuged, and profiled through image analysis. This particular technique is helpful in determining particle density and can be correlated loosely with particle concentration. The need to completely quantify lipoprotein concentrations is imperative in assessing risk factors accurately. Light scattering techniques, primarily Rayleigh scattering, are applied to density separated serum samples in resulting in improved qualitative data with progress in quantitative measurements through imaging alone. The Rayleigh theory dictates that a particle’s scattered intensity is based upon the incident intensity, the particle’s diameter, and the particle’s concentration when strict criteria are met within the sample and imaging apparatus. Applying this innovative imaging technique of Rayleigh scattering to ultracentrifuge tubes containing separated lipoproteins, particle concentrations at differing diameters can be calculated. This thesis primarily goes through the time consuming task of optimizing the innovative Rayleigh scattering system so that correct quantitative estimations can be performed. Constrained by Rayleigh theory and system limitations, lipoproteins of 15 nm to 35 nm are focused upon. By doing so, previously disguised data in regards to lipoprotein subclasses is exposed. Lipoprotein diameters are estimated from Rayleigh imaged serum profiles and the estimations are confirmed through secondary size analysis achieved by dynamic light scattering instrumentation. In addition to Rayleigh optimization, a strategy for quantifying the ultracentrifuged lipoprotein particles using the recently applied scattering technique is explained in detail providing a foundation for further research. In regards to all feasibility studies presented within this thesis, much success was achieved in furthering quantitation efforts in lipoprotein density profiling.
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WANG, TENG-CHIA, and 王登甲. "Rapid Purification of High Density Lipoprotein and Quality Analysis by Electrochemistry." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2s2v84.
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Sangplao, Nanthiya, and 南西亞. "Immunogenic Analysis of the Recombinant Outer Membrane Lipoprotein Lpp38 of Mannheimia haemolytica." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62339988255201597635.
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博士國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系所
98
Pneumonic pasteurellosis, caused by Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica (M. haemolytica), is one of the most economically important respiratory infectious diseases of ruminants with a wide prevalence throughout the world. Several studies implicated its outer membrane proteins (OMPs) as immunologically important surface antigens. The 38 kDa lipoprotein, Lpp38, is the immunogenic membrane protein of M. haemolytica represents in both outer and inner membranes. In previous studies, recombinant Lpp38 (rLpp38) from a reference strain (BCRC13946) was cloned, expressed, and used to enhance the efficacy of inactivated M. haemolytica vaccine in mice and goat models. In this study, rLpp38 of M. haemolytica from a local strain isolated from cattle (B2) in Taiwan was cloned and expressed. Mice immunized with rLpp38, either from B2 or BCRC13946, vaccine did not have significantly increased antibody titers when compared to the control group. However, mice vaccinated with rLpp38 (both B2 and BCRC13946) alone with adjuvant showed enhanced resistance against experimental challenge with live M. haemolytica. Vaccination of rLpp38 (B2) in goat resulted in an increased antibody titer against M. haemolytica whole cell antigen. The antibody titer reached the peak at week 3 and declined gradually after that. The results from this study indicate that more suitable animal was required for experimental challenge with live M. haemolytica.
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Li, Ting-Hao, and 黎丁豪. "Immunogenic Analysis of the Recombinant PlpE (Pasteurella haemolytica lipoprotein E) Proteins of Mannheimia haemolytica." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95755520259754885125.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
動物疫苗科技研究所
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Mannheimia haemolytica is a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, which is the major cause of acute fibrinous pneumonia when ruminant face the situation of stress. The mortality rate of pneumonic pasteurellosis is 30% approximately. It is urgency to develop new vaccine to prevent M. haemolytica infection and reduce the economical loss. The previous studies indicated that the outer membrane protein PlpE (Pasteurella haemolytica lipoprotein E) is the most important antigen and the leukotoxin (Lkt) play a major role in lung injury. In this study, we cloned the gene of lkt and plpe from different strains to express recombinant proteins (rLkt’C, rPlpE) by the prokaryotic system and sequences pair-wise alignment. The rLkt’C and rPlpE were recognized by sera from immunized goat. The vaccines made of inactivated M. haemolytica and recombinant protein (rPlpE, rLkt’C) with w/o/w adjuvant. In mice study, the antibody titer and T cell proliferation index of immunized group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), and the survival rate of protection efficacy was 80%. In goat study, both inactivated M. haemolytica and rLkt’C group show significant higher ELISA antibody titers than control group at the four weeks post-vaccination (p<0.05). In summary, these expressed proteins may be used as recombinant protein vaccine candidate against M. haemolytica.
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Johnson, Jr Jeffery Devoyne. "Multi-dimensional analysis of hdl: an approach to understanding atherogenic hdl." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3122.
Full textAbstract:
Density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU) is a powerful method for analyzing lipoprotein particles in great detail. It yields considerable amounts of information regarding the density distribution of these particles when coupled with fluorometric analysis and is an invaluable tool in determining their relative abundance. This union allows relationships between subclasses of lipoproteins to be established that gives researchers a more focused path to aid them in developing methods to predict the early onset of coronary artery disease (CAD). The research presented here focuses on the pairing of DGU with post-separatory techniques including matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), isoelectric focusing (IEF) and apoptosis studies involving cell cultures.
It is becoming clearer that cholesterol concentrations themselves do not provide sufficient data to assess the quality of cardiovascular health. As a result, research is becoming more focused on identifying better markers that may be indicative of development of CAD in a patient. Of specific interest is group of particles known as high density lipoproteins (HDL). Classically, this molecule is considered the “good cholesterol”, but literature from the last decade suggests that there may be atherogenic variants to this group. By utilizing DGU as a preparatory method for secondary analyses, new dimensions can be added to the density distribution analysis to allow a better determination of markers of cardiovascular health. The aim of this work is to utilize the principles involved with these various techniques to develop a comprehensive set of methods to aid in the detection of potential risk markers.
In this study, the properties of metal ion complexes of EDTA as solute systems for analysis of lipoproteins by DGU are analyzed. We show that by varying the complexing ion and counter-ion of these metal-ion complexes, we gain the ability to control the separation of lipoprotein subclasses for subsequent analyses. Qualitative and quantitative data is presented that describes the analysis of different density regions of HDL for apolipoprotein content. Trends between control and atherogenic samples are also described and a clinical link between the biological activity of these regions and the chemical analysis is discussed.
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Sehner, Maria Anna. "Expression monozytärer Ziel- und Effektorantigene unter Einfluss verschiedener Pharmaka und Lipoproteine : in-vitro-Analysen zu den Funktionsmarkern CD14 (Endotoxinrezeptor), CD16 (Fc-gamma-III-Rezeptor), HLA-DR und Toll-like-Rezeptor 2 und 4 (TLR2, TLR4)." 2009. http://d-nb.info/100094008X/34.
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Sehner, Maria Anna [Verfasser]. "Expression monozytärer Ziel- und Effektorantigene unter Einfluss verschiedener Pharmaka und Lipoproteine : In-vitro-Analysen zu den Funktionsmarkern CD14 (Endotoxinrezeptor), CD16 (Fc-gamma-III-Rezeptor), HLA-DR und Toll-like-Rezeptor 2 und 4 (TLR2, TLR4) / von Maria Anna Sehner, geb. Kellermeyer." 2009. http://d-nb.info/100094008X/34.
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