Academic literature on the topic 'Lipids'

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Journal articles on the topic "Lipids"

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Marzoog, Basheer Abdullah, and Tatyana Ivanovna Vlasova. "Membrane lipids under norm and pathology." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 19, no. 1 (2021): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2021.1.9.

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Introduction. Lipid is an essential component of the cell and its organelles membrane. The uniqueness and selectivity of lipids to specific functions and asymmetry of lipid distribution in the organelle’s membrane give the cell ability of being highly qualified and specified. Aim. The paper provides a comprehensive review of membrane lipids in different tissues and organelles of the cell in norm and disease. Material and methods. The paper analyzed the present literature data on membrane lipids behavior in physiology and pathology. Analysis of the literature. The major structural and functional lipids of the cell membrane are phosphatidylcholine > phosphatidylethanolamine. The absence/deficiency or augmentation of a specific type of lipid results in serious defects and usually life-threatening with a permanent disability. The observations discussed here suggest, the lipid peroxidation severity depends on the membrane lipid composition of the cell. Some tissue cells can handle lipoperoxidation and protect themselves from the peroxidation damaging products better, while other cells cannot compensate. Therefore, some organs are highly sensitive to peroxidation and irreversible changes occur rapidly. Conclusion. To sum up, the understanding of lipid’s role in norm and disease is clinically crucial to evaluate a novel therapeutic target to treat many metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome and some lysosomal storage disorders via targeting specific new signaling pathways, lipid molecules, and enzymes.
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Hallett, Nanette. "Lipids and Lipid Disorders." Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing 10, no. 6 (November 1991): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003465-199111000-00011.

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RAJ, BRITO. "Investigating the influence of lipids on Nano-structured lipid carrier formulation." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 12, no. 6 (December 26, 2023): 6147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i6.5220.

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The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different lipids on the properties of nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulations. The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and drug release at 24 hours were analyzed for formulations containing various lipid matrices. Among the formulations tested, N3 (Compritol 888 ATO and Softigen) exhibited the most favourable characteristics, including the smallest particle size, highest entrapment efficiency, sustained drug release, and good stability, as indicated by a high zeta potential. Other lipids, such as Witepsol H 32 and Beeswax, also showed desirable properties. The formulations containing Dynasan 114 and Acconon-C-44 EP/NF resulted in larger particle sizes, lower entrapment efficiencies, and slower drug release. Cholesterol exhibited distinct properties, with a lower zeta potential and moderate drug release. The findings highlight the importance of lipid selection in determining the performance and functionality of NLC formulations. Compritol 888 ATO and Softigen were identified as suitable lipids for further optimization of NLC formulations. These lipids contribute to the formation of stable and uniform NLC particles, which are desirable for efficient drug delivery systems. The study provides valuable insights for formulating NLCs with optimized characteristics, facilitating the development of effective drug delivery systems. Future research can focus on optimizing other factors to enhance the performance and therapeutic effectiveness of NLC formulations.
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Wang, Xuewei, Hai Bui, Prashanthi Vemuri, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Ronald C. Petersen, and Michelle M. Mielke. "Lipidomic Network of Mild Cognitive Impairment from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 81, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201347.

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Background: Lipid alterations contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Lipidomics studies could help systematically characterize such alterations and identify potential biomarkers. Objective: To identify lipids associated with mild cognitive impairment and amyloid-β deposition, and to examine lipid correlation patterns within phenotype groups Methods: Eighty plasma lipids were measured using mass spectrometry for 1,255 non-demented participants enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Individual lipids associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were first identified. Correlation network analysis was then performed to identify lipid species with stable correlations across conditions. Finally, differential correlation network analysis was used to determine lipids with altered correlations between phenotype groups, specifically cognitively unimpaired versus MCI, and with elevated brain amyloid versus without. Results: Seven lipids were associated with MCI after adjustment for age, sex, and APOE4. Lipid correlation network analysis revealed that lipids from a few species correlated well with each other, demonstrated by subnetworks of these lipids. 177 lipid pairs differently correlated between cognitively unimpaired and MCI patients, whereas 337 pairs of lipids exhibited altered correlation between patients with and without elevated brain amyloid. In particular, 51 lipid pairs showed correlation alterations by both cognitive status and brain amyloid. Interestingly, the lipids central to the network of these 51 lipid pairs were not significantly associated with either MCI or amyloid, suggesting network-based approaches could provide biological insights complementary to traditional association analyses. Conclusion: Our attempt to characterize the alterations of lipids at network-level provides additional insights beyond individual lipids, as shown by differential correlations in our study.
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Anto, Liya, Sarah Wen Warykas, Moises Torres-Gonzalez, and Christopher N. Blesso. "Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (April 4, 2020): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12041001.

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Milk fat is encased in a polar lipid-containing tri-layer milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), composed of phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs). Milk PLs and SLs comprise about 1% of total milk lipids. The surfactant properties of PLs are important for dairy products; however, dairy products vary considerably in their polar lipid to total lipid content due to the existence of dairy foods with different fat content. Recent basic science and clinical research examining food sources and health effects of milk polar lipids suggest they may beneficially influence dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, gut health, and neurodevelopment. However, more research is warranted in clinical studies to confirm these effects in humans. Overall, there are a number of potential effects of consuming milk polar lipids, and they should be considered as food matrix factors that may directly confer health benefits and/or impact effects of other dietary lipids, with implications for full-fat vs. reduced-fat dairy.
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V. More, Apoorva, Bharat V. Dhokchawle, Savita J. Tauro, and Savita V. Kulkarni. "LIPID AS AN EXCIPIENT FOR DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORMULATIONS." Indian Drugs 59, no. 07 (September 16, 2022): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.59.07.12199.

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Lipids are present abundantly in human body in several forms. Different types of lipids are available with diverse physical properties, based on which suitable lipids can be selected for development of formulations. Lipids are also available for specific purposes like lubrication, emulsification, emollientes and enhancement of bioavailability. Conventionally, many lipids are used in formulation of tablets, capsules, emulsions and cosmetics. In recent years, use of lipids for drug delivery has been extended to Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN), Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC), and Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS), which are emerging technologies designed to address challenges like solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This paper mainly focuses on different types of formulations in which lipids are used, and parameters which are critical for selection of lipid in any dosage form development. Several examples are quoted for different uses of lipids. Finally challenges in use of lipids and regulatory aspects are discussed.
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Kirby, Mike. "Lipids and lipid‐modifying therapy." Trends in Urology & Men's Health 12, no. 3 (May 2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tre.803.

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Kao, Yu-Chia, Pei-Chuan Ho, Yuan-Kun Tu, I.-Ming Jou, and Kuen-Jer Tsai. "Lipids and Alzheimer’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (February 22, 2020): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041505.

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Lipids, as the basic component of cell membranes, play an important role in human health as well as brain function. The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and disruption of lipid homeostasis is related to neurologic disorders as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aging is associated with changes in lipid composition. Alterations of fatty acids at the level of lipid rafts and cerebral lipid peroxidation were found in the early stage of AD. Genetic and environmental factors such as apolipoprotein and lipid transporter carrying status and dietary lipid content are associated with AD. Insight into the connection between lipids and AD is crucial to unraveling the metabolic aspects of this puzzling disease. Recent advances in lipid analytical methodology have led us to gain an in-depth understanding on lipids. As a result, lipidomics have becoming a hot topic of investigation in AD, in order to find biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and prevention, with the ultimate goal of discovering novel therapeutics.
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Abdullah Q. Khudhur, Nidhal K. Maraie, and Ayad M.R. Raauf. "Highlight on lipids and its use for covalent and non-covalent conjugations." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v20i3.754.

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Lipids are organic fatty or waxy compounds which are used to make nanocarriers that are promising for drug delivery. When lipids associated covalently (lipid-drug conjugate LDC) or non- covalently (drug-lipid complex) to drugs to form Lipid Drug Conjugates (LDC). Most common types of lipids used for drug conjugation are fatty acids, glycerides, steroids, and phospholipids. Conjugation with lipids may change the properties of the drug and significantly increase the drug lipophilicity. Lipid-drug conjugation could improve the delivery of drugs by the lymphatic system, enhance bioavailability of oral administered drugs, improve drug targeting in tumor diseases, enhance the loading of drugs into some delivery carriers, increase drug stability, and many others. Lipid-drug conjugates can be prepared through different strategies for conjugation and by chemical linkers depending on the chemical structure of both drugs and lipids, careful selection of lipids and drug are necessary in designing the lipid-drug conjugate to achieve maximum benefits.
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Florance, Ida, and Seenivasan Ramasubbu. "Current Understanding on the Role of Lipids in Macrophages and Associated Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010589.

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Lipid metabolism is the major intracellular mechanism driving a variety of cellular functions such as energy storage, hormone regulation and cell division. Lipids, being a primary component of the cell membrane, play a pivotal role in the survival of macrophages. Lipids are crucial for a variety of macrophage functions including phagocytosis, energy balance and ageing. However, functions of lipids in macrophages vary based on the site the macrophages are residing at. Lipid-loaded macrophages have recently been emerging as a hallmark for several diseases. This review discusses the significance of lipids in adipose tissue macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages, microglia and peritoneal macrophages. Accumulation of macrophages with impaired lipid metabolism is often characteristically observed in several metabolic disorders. Stress signals differentially regulate lipid metabolism. While conditions such as hypoxia result in accumulation of lipids in macrophages, stress signals such as nutrient deprivation initiate lipolysis and clearance of lipids. Understanding the biology of lipid accumulation in macrophages requires the development of potentially active modulators of lipid metabolism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lipids"

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Kotland, Vojtěch. "Separace lipidů z buněčných tkání." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401857.

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This master’s thesis is focused on lipid separation from tissue cells. Thesis is divided into theoretical and experimental part. In the theoretical part is summarized current knowledge about lipids, their properties and methods used to separate them from tissue cells. Those methods were compared and one of them was chosen to be used in the experimental part. Theoretical part is ended with reviews aimed towards the research in this area of chemistry. Experimental part describes factors affecting chosen method of lipid separation from tissue cells. The measurements were chosen so that they could be easily reproduced. Values for each factor were experimentally determined to increase the amount of fat separated. All factors were compared and based on their summarization the optimization for whole method was produced.
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Cvrková, Jana. "Stanovení lipidů a zastoupení mastných kyselin v obilce ječmene." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216627.

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The diploma thesis deals with the determination of lipids and fatty acid profile in a barley caryopsis.(Hordeum vulgare). The theoretical part describes the synthesis of fatty acids and their degradation in plant material, secondly, it described the possibilities of lipid extraction and their determination and the possibilities of determination of fatty acids. In the experimental part method of lipid extraction on automated extractor Fex ®IKA and determination of fatty acids by GC-FID were optimized. For analysis of fatty acids two capillary columns SLB-IL 100 and Supelcowax were compared. Twenty varieties of barley from the year 2008 and twenty varieties from the year 2009 were compared based on the content of lipids and the representation of fatty acids in a barley caryopsis. The diploma thesis was realized in the Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Plc. in Brno.
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Mateos, Diaz Eduardo. "Etude par spectroscopie infrarouge (FTIR) des interactions de la lipase pancréatique apparentée de type 2 (PLRP2) avec les phospholipides et les sels biliaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4763.

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La lipase pancréatique apparentée de type 2 du cobaye (GPLRP2) hydrolyse une grande variété de substrats lipidiques. Elle montre cependant une sélectivité selon l’organisation supramoléculaire du substrat et la présence de surfactants comme les sels biliaires (NaTDC). Nous avons utilisé la spectroscopie infrarouge (FTIR) pour étudier les interactions entres les phospholipides (DPPC), les surfactants et la GPLRP2 dans des conditions expérimentales proches de celles du tractus digestif. Pour étudier l’étape d’adsorption indépendamment de l’hydrolyse, un variant inactif de GPLRP2 (S152G) a été produit. Diverses dispersions aqueuses de phospholipides ont été préparées : des vésicules multilamellaires (MLV), unilamellaires (LUV) et des micelles mixtes DPPC-surfactant. GPLRP2 hydrolyse le DPPC présent dans des micelles mixtes DPPC-NaTDC mais n’a aucune activité sur le DPPC en phase lamellaire ou présent dans des micelles DPPC-Triton X100. L’analyse par FTIR de l’interaction de GPLRP2 S152G avec le système DPPC-NaTDC montre des changements importants dans le désordre conformationnel et la mobilité des chaînes acyles, la déshydratation de l’interface, l’orientation des têtes polaires et leurs liaisons hydrogène. Aucun effet n’est observé avec les MLV, les LUV ou le système DPPC-Triton X100. Il y a ainsi une reconnaissance spécifique du DPPC dans les micelles mixtes avec les sels biliaires, en accord avec l’activité enzymatique de GPLRP2. Les changements du spectre IR pendant l’hydrolyse du DPPC par la GPLRP2 ont été suivis. Certaines caractéristiques attribuées à la formation de produits de lipolyse peuvent être utilisées pour une étude quantitative de la lipolyse par FTIR
Guinea pig pancreatic lipase-related protein type 2 (GPLRP2) hydrolyzes a large set of lipid substrates, but displays however some selectivity depending on the supramolecular structure of substrate and the presence of surfactants like bile salts (NaTDC). We used Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to study the interactions between phospholipids (DPPC), surfactants and GPLRP2 under conditions close to those of the GI tract. To study the adsorption step independently from hydrolysis, a GPLRP2 inactive variant (S152G) was produced. Various phospholipid dispersions were prepared: multilamellar (MLV) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) and mixed micelles with surfactants. GPLRP2 was found to hydrolyze DPPC present in mixed DPPC-NaTDC micelles but was inactive on DPPC vesicles and DPPC-Triton X100 micelles. FTIR analysis of GPLRP2 S152G interaction with the DPPC-NaTDC system showed a decrease in the conformational disorder and mobility of the acyl chains, a dehydratation of the interface, and changes in the orientation and H-bonding of DPPC polar head-groups. These effects were not observed with MLV, LUV and DPPC-Triton X100 micelles, thus indicating a specific recognition of DPPC in mixed phospholipid-bile salt micelles, in agreement with phospholipase activity measurements. Changes in the IR spectra during DPPC hydrolysis by GPLRP2 were monitored. Specific spectral features were associated to the production of lipolysis products and could be used for quantifying phospholipid lipolysis by FTIR
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Dennison, Andrew. "Neutron reflectivity studies of insulin and phosphatidylcholine floating lipid bilayers." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574586.

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Mateos, Diaz Eduardo. "Etude par spectroscopie infrarouge (FTIR) des interactions de la lipase pancréatique apparentée de type 2 (PLRP2) avec les phospholipides et les sels biliaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4763.

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La lipase pancréatique apparentée de type 2 du cobaye (GPLRP2) hydrolyse une grande variété de substrats lipidiques. Elle montre cependant une sélectivité selon l’organisation supramoléculaire du substrat et la présence de surfactants comme les sels biliaires (NaTDC). Nous avons utilisé la spectroscopie infrarouge (FTIR) pour étudier les interactions entres les phospholipides (DPPC), les surfactants et la GPLRP2 dans des conditions expérimentales proches de celles du tractus digestif. Pour étudier l’étape d’adsorption indépendamment de l’hydrolyse, un variant inactif de GPLRP2 (S152G) a été produit. Diverses dispersions aqueuses de phospholipides ont été préparées : des vésicules multilamellaires (MLV), unilamellaires (LUV) et des micelles mixtes DPPC-surfactant. GPLRP2 hydrolyse le DPPC présent dans des micelles mixtes DPPC-NaTDC mais n’a aucune activité sur le DPPC en phase lamellaire ou présent dans des micelles DPPC-Triton X100. L’analyse par FTIR de l’interaction de GPLRP2 S152G avec le système DPPC-NaTDC montre des changements importants dans le désordre conformationnel et la mobilité des chaînes acyles, la déshydratation de l’interface, l’orientation des têtes polaires et leurs liaisons hydrogène. Aucun effet n’est observé avec les MLV, les LUV ou le système DPPC-Triton X100. Il y a ainsi une reconnaissance spécifique du DPPC dans les micelles mixtes avec les sels biliaires, en accord avec l’activité enzymatique de GPLRP2. Les changements du spectre IR pendant l’hydrolyse du DPPC par la GPLRP2 ont été suivis. Certaines caractéristiques attribuées à la formation de produits de lipolyse peuvent être utilisées pour une étude quantitative de la lipolyse par FTIR
Guinea pig pancreatic lipase-related protein type 2 (GPLRP2) hydrolyzes a large set of lipid substrates, but displays however some selectivity depending on the supramolecular structure of substrate and the presence of surfactants like bile salts (NaTDC). We used Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to study the interactions between phospholipids (DPPC), surfactants and GPLRP2 under conditions close to those of the GI tract. To study the adsorption step independently from hydrolysis, a GPLRP2 inactive variant (S152G) was produced. Various phospholipid dispersions were prepared: multilamellar (MLV) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) and mixed micelles with surfactants. GPLRP2 was found to hydrolyze DPPC present in mixed DPPC-NaTDC micelles but was inactive on DPPC vesicles and DPPC-Triton X100 micelles. FTIR analysis of GPLRP2 S152G interaction with the DPPC-NaTDC system showed a decrease in the conformational disorder and mobility of the acyl chains, a dehydratation of the interface, and changes in the orientation and H-bonding of DPPC polar head-groups. These effects were not observed with MLV, LUV and DPPC-Triton X100 micelles, thus indicating a specific recognition of DPPC in mixed phospholipid-bile salt micelles, in agreement with phospholipase activity measurements. Changes in the IR spectra during DPPC hydrolysis by GPLRP2 were monitored. Specific spectral features were associated to the production of lipolysis products and could be used for quantifying phospholipid lipolysis by FTIR
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Wright, Lesley Catherine. "Lipids and cancer." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1987. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26014.

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Transformed, embryonic and malignant cells give a high resolution 1H NMR spectrum which arises from lipids in the plasma membrane. Highly purified plasma membranes were prepared from human acute leukaemic T lymphoblasts (CCRF-CEM) in which the activity of the plasma membrane marker enzyme, 5'-nucleotidase, was enriched 45-fold. Triglyceride and cholesteryl ester each constituted about 4% of the total plasma membrane lipid, and were present in all subcellular membrane fractions isolated. Two-dimensional scalar correlated (COSY) NMR spectroscopy identified triglyceride as the main plasma membrane component giving rise to the NMR spectrum, while soluble non-membrane components accounted for 90% of the remaining resonances in the spectrum of intact cells.
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Zhang, Tejia. "Discovery of bioactive lipids and lipid pathways in cell death and disease." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11483.

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Apoptosis is an intricately regulated cellular process required for the health and homeostasis of living systems. The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway depends on the BCL-2 family of pro- and anti-apoptotic members whose interactions regulate cell fate. BAX and BAK are key pro-apoptotic proteins required for mitochondrial permeabilization during apoptosis. While the mitochondrial death program relies heavily on its protein components, evidences support equally crucial roles for lipids and lipid metabolism in promoting or hindering apoptosis at the mitochondria. To gain insight into the interplay between lipids and BCL-2 proteins we used a liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)-based comparative lipidomics approach to uncover lipid changes in the absence of BAX and/or BAK. Our analysis revealed novel functions for BAX and BAK in inflammation and ceramide metabolism. A targeted LC-MS workflow was also developed for characterization of a novel lipid class involved in type 2 diabetes. Targeted LC-MS revealed altered oxysterol metabolism following perturbation of the Sonic hedgehog pathway. Taken together, our findings demonstrate interesting connections among lipids, cell death and disease.
Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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Subramaniam, Varuni. "Preparation and Characterization of Novel Lipid and Proteolipid Membranes from Polymerizable Lipids." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194889.

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The work described here has focused on two types of supramolecular assemblies, supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and giant vesicles (GVs) from polymerizable lipids. SLBs are explored extensively as structural models in biophysical studies of cell membranes and biosensor coatings. With regard to implementation as biocompatible scaffoldings for receptor-based molecular devices, fluid SLBs lack chemical, thermal and mechanical stability as lipids are self-organized by weak, noncovalent forces. One possible solution is to use synthetic lipid monomers that can be polymerized to form robust bilayers. A key question is how polymerization affects transmembrane protein structure and activity. Specifically it is unclear if lipid cross-linking can be achieved without adversely affecting the activity of incorporated proteins. In this work the effect of lipid polymerization on transmembrane protein activity was studied with rhodopsin. The protein was reconstituted into SLBs composed of polymerizable lipids, bis-SorbPC, bis-SorbPC:mono-SorbPC, bis-DenPC and bis-SorbPC:mono-SorbPE. Rhodopsin photoactivity was monitored using plasmon waveguide spectroscopy. The results show that reconstitution of rhodopsin into SLBs composed of phosphatidylcholine with the polymerizable moiety in the acyl chain terminus, followed by photoinduced cross-linking of the lipids, does not significantly perturb protein function. A possible explanation is that a bilayer with relatively low Xn retains sufficient elasticity to accommodate the membrane deformation that accompanies the conformational change associated with rhodopsin photoactivation when polymerized in the acyl chain terminus. GVs have diameters ranging from several to few hundred micrometers and thus can be observed by optical microscopic methods. This allows manipulation of individual vesicles and observation of their transformations in real time. GVs have attracted attention as microcontainers for enzymes and drugs, and as biosensors. With the aim of increasing stability for these types of applications, GVs were prepared from synthetic dienoyl lipids that can be polymerized to form robust vesicles. The stability of these vesicles after polymerization was investigated by surfactant treatment, drying and rehydration, and temperature variations. The structure of poly(GVs) was largely retained under these conditions which destroy unpolymerized vesicles. Permeability studies on poly(GVs) suggests that they could be potentially used in a variety of technological applications, including sensors, macromolecular carriers, and microreactors.
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YAMANE, Tsuneo. "Enzyme Engineering for Lipids." 名古屋大学農学国際教育協力研究センター, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8930.

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Shin, John J. H. "Lipids as pH biosensors." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45704.

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Books on the topic "Lipids"

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Feher, Michael D. Lipids and lipid disorders. London: Gower Medical, 1991.

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Christie, William W. Lipid analysis: Isolation, separation, identification, and structural analysis of lipids. 3rd ed. Bridgwater, England: Oily Press, 2003.

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T, Nylander, and Lindman Björn 1942-, eds. Lipids and polymer-lipid systems. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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Vance, Dennis E. Biochemistry of lipids, lipoproteins and membranes. 5th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008.

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Nicolaou, Anna, and George Kokotos. Bioactive lipids. Bridgwater: The Oily Press, 2004.

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Mead, James F., Roslyn B. Alfin-Slater, David R. Howton, and George Popják. Lipids. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2107-1.

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D, Gunstone F., and Padley F. B. 1936-, eds. Lipid technologies and applications. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1997.

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1941-, Richmond William, ed. Pocket picture guides: Lipids and lipid disorders. London: Gower Medical Pub., 1990.

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Bartels, Dorothea, and Peter Dörmann, eds. Plant Lipids. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1362-7.

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Cranfield, Charles G., ed. Membrane Lipids. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1843-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lipids"

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Willian, Kyle. "Lipids and Lipid Oxidation." In The Science of Meat Quality, 147–75. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118530726.ch8.

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Izquierdo, Marisol, and William Koven. "Lipids." In Larval Fish Nutrition, 47–81. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470959862.ch2.

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Gupta, Anil. "Lipids." In Comprehensive Biochemistry for Dentistry, 123–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1035-5_7.

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Blume, Alfred. "Lipids." In Bioelectrochemistry of Membranes, 61–152. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7853-1_3.

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DeMan, John M. "Lipids." In Instructor’s Manual For Principles of Food Chemistry, 4–5. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0815-1_3.

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Schiller, Jürgen, and Beate Fuchs. "Lipids." In MALDI MS, 273–311. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527335961.ch7.

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Prentø, P. "Lipids." In Theory and Strategy in Histochemistry, 253–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73742-8_19.

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Pomeranz, Yeshajahu, and Clifton E. Meloan. "Lipids." In Food Analysis, 678–732. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6998-5_37.

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Wang, Chi-Sun. "Lipids." In Oklahoma Notes, 113–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4200-0_7.

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Marangoni, Alejandro, Avi Goldstein, and Koushik Seetharaman. "Lipids." In Bakery Products Science and Technology, 223–41. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792001.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lipids"

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Caffrey, Martin. "Lipid Phase Behavior: Databases, Rational Design and Membrane Protein Crystallization." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192724.

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The relationship that exists between structure and function is a unifying theme in my varied biomembrane-based research activities. It applies equally well to the lipid as to the protein component of membranes. With a view to exploiting information that has been and that is currently being generated in my laboratory, as well as that which exists in the literature, a number of web-accessible, relational databases have been established over the years. These include databases dealing with lipids, detergents and membrane proteins. Those catering to lipids include i) LIPIDAT, a database of thermodynamic information on lipid phases and phase transitions, ii) LIPIDAG, a database of phase diagrams concerning lipid miscibility, and iii) LMSD, a lipid molecular structures database. CMCD is the detergent-based database. It houses critical micelle concentration information on a wide assortment of surfactants under different conditions. The membrane protein data bank (MPDB) was established to provide convenient access to the 3-D structure and related properties of membrane proteins and peptides. The utility and current status of these assorted databases will be described and recommendations will be made for extending their range and usefulness.
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ROKICKA, Magdalena, Marcin ZIELIŃSKI, and Marcin DĘBOWSKI. "LIPIDS ACCUMULATION OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS UNDER VARIABLE LIGHTING CONDITIONS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.203.

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The cultivation of microalgae is now an intensively developed research area. Some species of microalgae under appropriate conditions accumulate large amounts of lipids in the cells, which may be a suitable feedstock for biodiesel production. The cultures of microalgae for lipids production should be cultivated in specific physicochemical conditions. The most important environmental parameters affecting the algae growth are: nutrients, lighting, reaction, turbulence, salinity and temperature. Periodic changes in lighting is a key parameter that have a significant effect on cells density and lipid accumulation. The mechanism of this action depends on intensity of light and its spectral composition. To produce 3rd and 4th generation biofuels, a better understanding of the relationship between light conditions and yield of lipids accumulation is necessary. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of variable lighting conditions for lipids accumulation of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and to determine the most effective lighting parameters. The study confirmed the possibility of using the lighting shock conditions to maximize lipids accumulation in algae Chlorella vulgaris cells. In the study, 33.18% of lipids were obtained from biomass culturing with red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which was 22% more than obtained with white continuous lighting.
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Kononova, P. A., O. Yu Selyutina, V. V. Fomenko, and N. E. Polyakov. "INTERACTION OF ANTIVIRAL TRITERPENOIDS WITH THE TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN OF THE SARS-COV-2 E-PROTEIN IN A MODEL MEMBRANE." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-186.

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The interaction of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and glycivir with the transmembrane domain of the SARS-CoV-2 E-protein in model lipid membranes was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance methods. The interaction of GA, glycivir, and the peptide with bilayer lipids was shown, the effect of GA on the mobility of both lipids and peptide molecules and the mutual influence of the peptide and antiviral agents on localization in the membrane was found.
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Hobro, Alison J., Takeshi Sugiyama, Nicolas Pavillon, Takayuki Umakoshi, Prabhat Verma, and Nicholas Smith. "Label-free Raman imaging of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid uptake, storage, and return toward baseline levels in macrophages." In JSAP-Optica Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsapo.2023.19a_a602_1.

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Lipids play many important roles in the body including cell signaling and energy storage. The presence of excessive lipids, or disruption of normal lipid metabolic processes in the cell, has been linked to lifestyle diseases such as atherosclerosis and obesity. Where the affected cells are part of the innate immune system such dysregulation of lipids has also been implicated in impaired immune responses to infection. Therefore, understanding how macrophages are affected by the presence of fatty acids in their local environment is an important step in understanding lifestyle disease development. Using Raman spectroscopic imaging we studied the uptake of several concentrations of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid in live macrophage cells. Macrophages readily take up these lipids, which can be observed by Raman imaging at the edge of the cytoplasm close to the cell membrane, with the exact distribution dependent on the nature of the fatty acid (unsaturated/saturated) and the exposure concentration. At the highest concentrations, all fatty acids appear to be toxic to the macrophage cells after 24 hours of exposure. By comparing the Raman intensities of the pure fatty acids and ratiometric imaging of the intensities within the macrophage cells we were able to determine that the toxicity of a fatty acid is not due directly to the amount of fatty acid present in the macrophage, rather the nature of the fatty acid is important. This demonstrates the power of high-resolution ratiometric Raman imaging for bioanalysis. In addition, we monitored macrophage cells after removing fatty acids from the surrounding environment, observing a reduction in fatty acid content of the cells over the following 48 hours, showing that even heavily lipid-laden macrophages can process these excess lipids once fatty acids are removed from the environment.
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Dizon, Lisa Stephanie, Robert S. Bertrand, Mark Zappi, Rafael Hernandez, William Holmes, Dhan Lord Fortela, and Emmanuel Revellame. "Effects of Growth Conditions on the Bacterial Conversion of Methane to Lipids." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/kevn4864.

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The huge decline in natural gas prices led to an increase in flaring which embodies wasted product, lost energy, lost revenues, and major greenhouse gas emission (GHG). Methane is a major component of natural gas that could be diverted as microbial substrate for the production of valuable products. Methanotrophs are gaining interests due to their ability to utilize CH4 as its sole carbon and energy source to produce a wide variety of bio-products such as lipids, carbohydrates, fuels and power, biomolecules, proteins and renewable chemicals. The lipids derived from the intracellular membrane of methanotrophs are vital precursors for the production of biodiesel and human health supplements. This study aimed to establish the growth conditions of methanotrophs that maximize methane consumption and lipid production. Growth parameters were varied to study the effects of media (nitrate mineral salts (NMS) and synthetic wastewater (SW)), pH (4.0 and 6.8) and CH4 to air ratio (1:1 and 1:4) on the bacterial conversion of methane to lipids. A multi-level categoric design of experiment was employed to verify the most suitable conditions for CH4 consumption and lipid production. Methane consumption was monitored via gas chromatography analysis of the headspace gases. Full length 16S rRNA gene diversity analysis was done to identify the species present in the consortium and to determine the changes in their relative abundance. After 18 days of incubation, results show that the highest CH4 consumption was 6.62% with a lipid yield of 6.93% that can be achieved using SW medium, at pH=6.8, and CH4 to air ratio of 1:1. Thus, this research provides new insights on the potential of natural microbial consortium to convert CH4 into lipids that could address concerns on greenhouse gas emission reduction as well as for value-added resources recovery.
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Zirkle, Ross. "Microbial lipids for nutrition: History, status and future challenges and opportunities." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/itbb8752.

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The study of and interest in microbial lipids go back for at least 140 years. Historically, the production of these microbial oils was expensive and complex as compared to the inexpensive, consistent, and robust production of plant oils. Additionally, the attributes of these microbial oils were often similar to commoditized plant oils. In the 1960s and 1970s, more focus shifted to the discovery of unique attributes of microbial oils and the development of these systems led to some minor commercialization of nutritional microbial lipids in the 1970s and 1980s. Starting in the 1990s, and continuing today, significant success in the development and commercialization of nutritional microbial oils containing Omega-3 and Omega-6 long-chained polyunsaturated fatty (PUFA) acids has been seen. Progress continues to be made in the technology of microbial lipid production in both genetically modified and non-genetically modified systems. While the interest level in microbial lipids and systems continues to run high, there has only been relatively narrow success in commercialization of PUFA microbial oils to date. The presentation will review the history, status, and future challenges and opportunities for microbial lipids for nutrition.
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Alberdi-Cedeno, Jon, Kubra Demir, and Marc Pignitter. "Influence of monosodium glutamate on the oxidative stability of meat lipids." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/mvhi9556.

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Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an additive (E621) widely used as flavor enhancer in food industry in order to increase palatability, especially in meat and meat derived products. Its use has increased worldwide by 4.80% during 2017–2021. Therefore, its effect on sensory and organoleptic quality of meat and meat derived products has been extensively investigated. However, so far, studies investigating the impact of MSG on the progress of lipid oxidation in meat are lacking. Therefore, the effect of the fortification of pork burger patties with 0–1.2 % MSG was addressed, paying particular attention to the oxidative stability of their lipids. Samples were storage at 8 °C up to 4 days following oven cooking at 180 °C for 10 min. In order to have an overall view, the samples were analyzed by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Solid Phase Microextraction followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). The results showed, for the first time, that the fortification of pork burger patties with MSG caused the degradation of their main polyunsaturated acyl groups, linoleic acyl groups (-6) (p< 0.05), as well as some minor components, such as terpenes, after cooking. The decline of non-oxidized lipids was accompanied by the formation of different oxidation compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones and alcohols among others. In general, the total amount of secondary lipid oxidation compounds was enhanced in the presence of 1.2% MSG compared to the non-treated patties (p< 0.05). Moreover, it was observed that the storage at 8 °C did not have any effects on the oxidative stability of the pork lipids. Overall, MSG was shown to promote lipid oxidation in pork burgers raising concerns about its impact on food quality.
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Isaac, Giorgis, Hernando Olivos, and Robert Plumb. "Lipid separation and structural characterization using travelling wave cyclic ion mobility." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/snxj7960.

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The analysis and structural characterization of lipids remain challenging due to the chemical structure diversity and isobaric nature. In recent years, liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS) for lipidomics has shown advantages in lipid identification. In particular, collision cross section (CCS) obtained from the IM measurements represents a physical property that can be used to enhance the confidence of lipid identification. Data were collected on a hybrid quadrupole cyclic IM (cIM) orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight instrument. It provides the option to perform either a single pass, or multiple passes until the desired resolution is achieved. MS and CID fragmentation data were obtained on precursor IM separated lipids followed by TOF mass measurement. Using the advanced travelling WAVE technology, a portion of the IMS separation can be selected and stored in a Pre-Array trap region. The stored ions can be re-injected to enable ion mobility analysis and by repeating this IMS to the “n” experiments can be performed. Ion mobility provides additional separation dimension that allows the separation of isobaric and isomeric compounds. The separation and structural characterization of different lipid classes using cIM is currently under study. Different lipid classes with positional isomer (Sn1/Sn2 vs Sn2/Sn1), different double bond positions, cis and trans isomers, glucosyl and galactosyl ceramide isomers, PIP and ganglioside isomers were investigated. Some of the isomers were baseline separated only after 1 pass (approximately at 65 IMS resolution) and others with 50 passes (approximately at 450 IMS resolution). In summary, cyclic IMS provides novel, scalable ion mobility resolution and the increased resolution is useful to resolve and separate isobaric and isomeric lipids species. Advanced modes of operation with ion activation followed by ion mobility separation offers new insights into lipid structural characterization.
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Чадова, Оксана Андреевна, and Петр Владимирович Веланский. "FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ENDOPHYTIC MICROALGAE LAMINARIOCOLAX AECIDIOIDES, STREBLONEMA CORYMBIFERUM AND STREBLONEMA SP. (ECTOCARPALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE)." In Наука. Исследования. Практика: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Апрель 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/srp296.2021.41.36.008.

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Впервые исследован жирнокислотный состав полярных и нейтральных липидов бурых эндофитных микроводорослей Laminariocolax aecidioides, Streblonema corymbiferum и Streblonema sp. Показано, что в состав полярных липидов входят главным образом полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты, такие как 18:3ω-3, 18:4ω-3 и 20:5ω-3. Во фракциях нейтральных липидов всех образцов доминировали насыщенные жирные кислоты 14:0 и 16:0, мононенасыщенная 18:1ω-9 и полиненасыщенная 18:2ω6. Отмечена высокая концентрация 16:1ω-7 в нейтральной фракции Streblonema sp. Во всех липидных фракциях эндофитов, кроме нейтральных липидов S. corymbiferum, обнаружены гидроксилированные жирные кислоты 22:0Δ2-OH и 24:0Δ2-OH. The fatty acid composition of polar and neutral lipids of brown endophytic microalgae Laminariocolax aecidioides , Streblonema corymbiferum and Streblonema sp. was investigated for the first time. It was shown that the composition of polar lipids of endophytes includes mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as 18:3ω-3, 18:4ω-3 and 20: 5ω-3. Saturated 14:0 and 16:0, monounsaturated 18:1ω-9 and polyunsaturated 18:2ω6 dominated the neutral lipids of all samples. A high concentration of 16:1ω-7 was observed in the neutral fraction of Streblonema sp. Hydroxylated fatty acids 22:0Δ2-OH and 24:0Δ2-OH were found in all lipid fractions, except for neutral lipids of S. corymbiferum .
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Zlochevskiy, I. I., and D. V. Zav’yalov. "INVESTIGATION OF THE RESPONSE OF A DPPC MEMBRANE IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF NACL TO AN ALTERNATING ELECTRIC FIELD USING THE METHOD OF CLASSICAL MOLECULAR DYNAMICS." In Actual problems of physical and functional electronics. Ulyanovsk State Technical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61527/appfe-2023.218-220.

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The results of a theoretical study of the impact of an alternating electric field on the biological structure of a coarse-grained model of a lipid membrane consisting of DPPC-lipids by the method of classical molecular dynamics are presented.
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Reports on the topic "Lipids"

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Shewfelt, Robert, Susan Lurie, Marilyn Erickson, and Ya'acov Leshem. Modification of Plasmalemma Lipids to Mimic Changes in Lipid. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7604317.bard.

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Röttig, Annika, and Alexander Steinbüchel. Bacteria as sources of (commercial) lipids. AOCS, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.41495.

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Honn, Kenneth. Bioactive Lipids: Role in Prostate Cancer Angiogenesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada405532.

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Honn, Kenneth V. Bioactive Lipids: Role in Prostate Cancer Angiogenesis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419706.

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Honn, Kenneth. Bioactive Lipids: Role in Prostate Cancer Angiogensis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384373.

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Toborek, Michal, Bernard Benning, and Larry W. Robertson. Dietary Lipids, Cells Adhesion and Breast Cancer Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396812.

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Toborek, Michal J. Dietary Lipids, Cell Adhesion and Breast Cancer Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403337.

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Toborek, Michal J. Dietary Lipids, Cell Adhesion and Breast Cancer Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432548.

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Purnell, Jonathan. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609940.

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Shannon, Jackilen. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612470.

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