Journal articles: 'Lipid compositions'

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Kalvodova, Lucie, Julio L. Sampaio, Sandra Cordo, Christer S. Ejsing, Andrej Shevchenko, and Kai Simons. "The Lipidomes of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Semliki Forest Virus, and the Host Plasma Membrane Analyzed by Quantitative Shotgun Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Virology 83, no. 16 (May 27, 2009): 7996–8003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00635-09.

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ABSTRACT Although enveloped virus assembly in the host cell is a crucial step in the virus life cycle, it remains poorly understood. One issue is how viruses include lipids in their membranes during budding from infected host cells. To analyze this issue, we took advantage of the fact that baby hamster kidney cells can be infected by two different viruses, namely, vesicular stomatitis virus and Semliki Forest virus, from the Rhabdoviridae and Togaviridae families, respectively. We purified the host plasma membrane and the two different viruses after exit from the host cells and analyzed the lipid compositions of the membranes by quantitative shotgun mass spectrometry. We observed that the lipid compositions of these otherwise structurally different viruses are virtually indistinguishable, and only slight differences were detected between the viral lipid composition and that of the plasma membrane. Taken together, the facts that the lipid compositions of the two viruses are so similar and that they strongly resemble the composition of the plasma membrane suggest that these viruses exert little selection in including lipids in their envelopes.

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Anisuzzaman, Md, Feng Jin, Kamrunnahar Kabery, U.-Cheol Jeong, Hyun-Chol Jung, Sang-Ro Lee, and Seok-Joong Kang. "Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Compositions of Dried Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus." Open Food Science Journal 11, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874256401911010079.

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Introduction: Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is becoming popular around the world due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. There are still no detailed chemical studies of the lipid class, glycolipids compositions of sea cucumber. Methods: This study was conducted to determine the lipid class and glycolipid compositions of dried sea cucumber, A. japonicus, and analyze fatty acid compositions of Monogalactosyl Diglycerides (MGDG), Steryl Glycosides (SG) and Sulfoquinovosyl Diglycerides (SQDG). Total lipids of sea cucumber were extracted by Bligh and Dyer method and Sep-Pak Silica plus long cartridge, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) silica gel G-60 F254 was used for the separation of different lipid classes and glycolipid compositions. The composition of fatty acids was analyzed by GC. Results & Conclusion: The level of total lipids in the dried sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, was 4 ± 1% of dry weight (w/w) and the amount of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids was 31 ± 1%, 29 ± 1% and 40 ± 1% of the total lipids (w/w), respectively. MGDG, SG and SQDG were the major glycolipids, and the contents were 37.5 ± 0.3%, 33.8 ± 0.5% and 23.6 ± 0.7% of the total glycolipids (w/w), respectively and significantly higher than other glycolipids (p < 0.05). SQDG contained much higher Arachidonic Acid (AA), Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and MGDG contained higher Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) compared with SG (p < 0.05). Further investigation is required to understand the positional distribution of fatty acids and molecular species in MGDG, SG and SQDG in detail.

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Godoy-Hernandez, Albert, and Duncan G. G. McMillan. "The Profound Influence of Lipid Composition on the Catalysis of the Drug Target NADH Type II Oxidoreductase." Membranes 11, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050363.

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Lipids play a pivotal role in cellular respiration, providing the natural environment in which an oxidoreductase interacts with the quinone pool. To date, it is generally accepted that negatively charged lipids play a major role in the activity of quinone oxidoreductases. By changing lipid compositions when assaying a type II NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, we demonstrate that phosphatidylethanolamine has an essential role in substrate binding and catalysis. We also reveal the importance of acyl chain composition, specifically c14:0, on membrane-bound quinone-mediated catalysis. This demonstrates that oxidoreductase lipid specificity is more diverse than originally thought and that the lipid environment plays an important role in the physiological catalysis of membrane-bound oxidoreductases.

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TSUYUKI, Hideo, Shingo ITOH, and Kazuo YAMAGATA. "Lipid and triacylglycerol compositions of total lipids in pumpkin seeds." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KOGYO GAKKAISHI 32, no. 1 (1985): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.32.7.

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Tamura, Yasushi, Shin Kawano, and Toshiya Endo. "Lipid homeostasis in mitochondria." Biological Chemistry 401, no. 6-7 (May 26, 2020): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2020-0121.

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AbstractMitochondria are surrounded by the two membranes, the outer and inner membranes, whose lipid compositions are optimized for proper functions and structural organizations of mitochondria. Although a part of mitochondrial lipids including their characteristic lipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin, are synthesized within mitochondria, their precursor lipids and other lipids are transported from other organelles, mainly the ER. Mitochondrially synthesized lipids are re-distributed within mitochondria and to other organelles, as well. Recent studies pointed to the important roles of inter-organelle contact sites in lipid trafficking between different organelle membranes. Identification of Ups/PRELI proteins as lipid transfer proteins shuttling between the mitochondrial outer and inner membranes established a part of the molecular and structural basis of the still elusive intra-mitochondrial lipid trafficking.

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Tourte, Maxime, Vanessa Kuentz, Philippe Schaeffer, Vincent Grossi, Anais Cario, and Philippe M. Oger. "Novel Intact Polar and Core Lipid Compositions in the Pyrococcus Model Species, P. furiosus and P. yayanosii, Reveal the Largest Lipid Diversity Amongst Thermococcales." Biomolecules 10, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10060830.

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Elucidating the lipidome of Archaea is essential to understand their tolerance to extreme environmental conditions. Previous characterizations of the lipid composition of Pyrococcus species, a model genus of hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the Thermococcales order, led to conflicting results, which hindered the comprehension of their membrane structure and the putative adaptive role of their lipids. In an effort to clarify the lipid composition data of the Pyrococcus genus, we thoroughly investigated the distribution of both the core lipids (CL) and intact polar lipids (IPL) of the model Pyrococcus furiosus and, for the first time, of Pyrococcus yayanosii, the sole obligate piezophilic hyperthermophilic archaeon known to date. We showed a low diversity of IPL in the lipid extract of P. furiosus, which nonetheless allowed the first report of phosphatidyl inositol-based glycerol mono- and trialkyl glycerol tetraethers. With up to 13 different CL structures identified, the acid methanolysis of Pyrococcus furiosus revealed an unprecedented CL diversity and showed strong discrepancies with the IPL compositions reported here and in previous studies. By contrast, P. yayanosii displayed fewer CL structures but a much wider variety of polar heads. Our results showed severe inconsistencies between IPL and CL relative abundances. Such differences highlight the diversity and complexity of the Pyrococcus plasma membrane composition and demonstrate that a large part of its lipids remains uncharacterized. Reassessing the lipid composition of model archaea should lead to a better understanding of the structural diversity of their lipidome and of their physiological and adaptive functions.

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Wang, Bao Qin, Ze Ping Xu, and Chuan Lun Yang. "The Chemical Compositions of the Lipid Extracted from Fermented Mycelium of Grifola frondosa." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.412.

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The lipids from fermented mycelium of G. frondosa were extracted using supercritical flow CO2 and analyzed by GC-MS. There were 24 compounds detected in the lipids and the main compositions were octadecadienoic acid, eicosadienoic acid and hexadecanoic acid, with a little terpenoid compounds of cedrene, caryophyllene, isopropenylcarene, squalene, and some ergosterol. The total fatty acid content of the lipid was 89.18%, in which, the unsaturated fatty acid was 71.09%. The main compositions of saturated fatty acid were hexadecanoic acid and the main compositions of unsaturated fatty acid were linoleic acid and eicosadienoic acid (EDA). The contents of linoleic acid and EDA in the lipid from G. frondosa mycelium were 48.65% and 29.91% respectively.

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Tanaka, Hiroki, Nae Takata, Yu Sakurai, Tokuyuki Yoshida, Takao Inoue, Shinya Tamagawa, Yuta Nakai, et al. "Delivery of Oligonucleotides Using a Self-Degradable Lipid-Like Material." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040544.

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The world-first success of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based siRNA therapeutics (ONPATTRO®) promises to accelerate developments in siRNA therapeutics/gene therapy using LNP-type drug delivery systems (DDS). In this study, we explore the optimal composition of an LNP containing a self-degradable material (ssPalmO-Phe) for the delivery of oligonucleotides. siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) were encapsulated in LNP with different lipid compositions. The hepatic knockdown efficiency of the target genes and liver toxicity were evaluated. The optimal compositions for the siRNA were different from those for ASO, and different from those for mRNA that were reported in a previous study. Extracellular stability, endosomal escape and cellular uptake appear to be the key processes for the successful delivery of mRNA, siRNA and ASO, respectively. Moreover, the compositions of the LNPs likely contribute to their toxicity. The lipid composition of the LNP needs to be optimized depending on the type of nucleic acids under consideration if the applications of LNPs are to be further expanded.

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Ye, Zhan, Chen Cao, Ruizhi Li, Peirang Cao, Qiu Li, and Yuanfa Liu. "Lipid composition modulates the intestine digestion rate and serum lipid status of different edible oils: a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies." Food & Function 10, no. 3 (2019): 1490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8fo01290c.

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Lu, Bin, Tyler Smith, and Jacob J. Schmidt. "Nanoparticle–lipid bilayer interactions studied with lipid bilayer arrays." Nanoscale 7, no. 17 (2015): 7858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06892k.

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Ly, Dang Thi Phuong, Nguyen Thi Nga, Dang Thi Minh Tuyet, Pham Minh Quan, and Andrey Imbs Borisovich. "Comparison of lipid compositions of soft coral Sinularia brassica collected in different coastal regions of Vietnam." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 19, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/2/14046.

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Five soft coral samples belonging to the same specimen Sinularia brassica were collected in the coastal area of Ha Long Quang Ninh, Nhat Le beach, Quang Binh, Hon Vang - Thanh Hoa and Nha Trang areas (2014–2016), these samples were examined and analyzed by total lipid content, content and composition of lipid and fatty acids. Highest total lipid content was found in the sample SHM 09 collected in Nha Trang bay (1.11%), and the lowest total lipid content was in HL-SHM 07 collected in Ha Long, Quang Ninh (0.68%).The lipid composition of samples contained basic classes such as polar lipids, sterols, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, monoankyldiacylglycerols, hydrocarbons and waxes. In studied soft corals, there are the appearance of all fatty acids from C12 to C24. There are differences in composition and content of lipids and fatty acids in samples collected in different locations: Samples collected at Nha Trang bay contain more polyunsaturated fatty acids than the other samples collected in Ha Long, Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh. Another two samples, collected in Hon Vang (Thanh Hoa) have similar composition and content of lipid classes, the composition and content of fatty acids in total lipids. The obtained results also show the significant impact of habitat and time of acquisition on the studied subject.

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Khaleque, M. A., MA Islam, A. Akhter, and MA Hye. "Studies on the Lipid Classes and Fatty Acid Compositions of Petuli (Trewia nudiflora Linn.) Seed oil." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 47, no. 1 (May 23, 2012): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i1.10716.

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Studies were carried out on the lipid classes and fatty acid compositions of petuli seed oil. It was observed that petuli seed grown under the soil and climatic condition of Bangladesh contains about 22% pale yellow coloured oil. The total lipids were fractionated into three major lipid classes, neutral lipid glyco lipid and phospho lipid by silicic acid column chromatography. The neutral lipid was accounted to 92.5% of the total weight of the lipid applied. The oil was also fractionated into mono, di and triglyceride by silicic acid column chromatography. The triglyceride was counted for over 90% of the total weight of the oil. The fatty acid compositions of the oil were analyzed by Gas liquid Chromatography and found the major fatty acid ?-elaeostearic acid 38.50%, oleic acid 34.35%, linoleic acid 26.15% and small amount of arachidic acid 1%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i1.10716 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(1), 105-108, 2012

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Rüdiger, Mario, Angelika Tölle, Wolfgang Meier, and Bernd Rüstow. "Naturally derived commercial surfactants differ in composition of surfactant lipids and in surface viscosity." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 288, no. 2 (February 2005): L379—L383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00176.2004.

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Pulmonary surfactant biophysical properties are best described by surface tension and surface viscosity. Besides lecithin, surfactant contains a variety of minor lipids, such as plasmalogens, polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids (PUFA-PL), and cholesterol. Plasmalogens and cholesterol improve surface properties of lipid mixtures significantly. High PUFA-PL and plasmalogen content in tracheal aspirate of preterm infants reduces the risk of developing chronic lung disease. Different preparations are available for exogenous surfactant substitution; however, little is known about lipid composition and surface viscosity. Thus lipid composition and surface properties (measured by oscillating drop surfactometer) of three commercial surfactant preparations (Alveofact, Curosurf, Survanta) were compared. Lipid composition exhibited strong differences: Survanta had the highest proportion of disaturated PL and total neutral lipids and the lowest proportion of PUFA-PL. Highest plasmalogen and PUFA-PL concentrations were found in Curosurf (3.8 ± 0.1 vs. 26 ± 1 mol%) compared with Alveofact (0.9 ± 0.3 vs. 11 ± 1) and Survanta (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 6 ± 1). In Survanta samples, viscosity increased >8 × 10−6 kg/s at surface tension of 30 mN/m. Curosurf showed only slightly increased surface viscosity below surface tensions of 25 mN/m, and viscosity did not reach 5 × 10−6 kg/s. By adding defined PL to Survanta, we obtained a Curosurf-like lipid mixture (without plasmalogens) that exhibited biophysical properties like Curosurf. Different lipid compositions could explain some of the differences in surface viscosity. Therefore, PL pattern and minor surfactant lipids are important for biophysical activity and should be considered when designing synthetic surfactant preparations.

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Kitamata, Manabu, Takehiko Inaba, and Shiro Suetsugu. "The roles of the diversity of amphipathic lipids in shaping membranes by membrane-shaping proteins." Biochemical Society Transactions 48, no. 3 (June 29, 2020): 837–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20190376.

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Lipid compositions of cells differ according to cell types and intracellular organelles. Phospholipids are major cell membrane lipids and have hydrophilic head groups and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. The cellular lipid membrane without any protein adapts to spherical shapes, and protein binding to the membrane is thought to be required for shaping the membrane for various cellular events. Until recently, modulation of cellular lipid membranes was initially shown to be mediated by proteins recognizing lipid head groups, including the negatively charged ones of phosphatidylserine and phosphoinositides. Recent studies have shown that the abilities of membrane-deforming proteins are also regulated by the composition of fatty acid tails, which cause different degrees of packing defects. The binding of proteins to cellular lipid membranes is affected by the packing defects, presumably through modulation of their interactions with hydrophobic amino acid residues. Therefore, lipid composition can be characterized by both packing defects and charge density. The lipid composition regarding fatty acid tails affects membrane bending via the proteins with amphipathic helices, including those with the ArfGAP1 lipid packing sensor (ALPS) motif and via membrane-deforming proteins with structural folding, including those with the Bin–Amphiphysin–Rvs167 (BAR) domains. This review focuses on how the fatty acid tails, in combination with the head groups of phospholipids, affect protein-mediated membrane deformation.

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Su, Miya, Arvind K. Subbaraj, Karl Fraser, Xiaoyan Qi, Hongxin Jia, Wenliang Chen, Mariza Gomes Reis, et al. "Lipidomics of Brain Tissues in Rats Fed Human Milk from Chinese Mothers or Commercial Infant Formula." Metabolites 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9110253.

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Holistic benefits of human milk to infants, particularly brain development and cognitive behavior, have stipulated that infant formula be tailored in composition like human milk. However, the composition of human milk, especially lipids, and their effects on brain development is complex and not fully elucidated. We evaluated brain lipidome profiles in weanling rats fed human milk or infant formula using non-targeted UHPLC-MS techniques. We also compared the lipid composition of human milk and infant formula using conventional GC-FID and HPLC-ELSD techniques. The sphingomyelin class of lipids was significantly higher in brains of rats fed human milk. Lipid species mainly comprising saturated or mono-unsaturated C18 fatty acids contributed significantly higher percentages to their respective classes in human milk compared to infant formula fed samples. In contrast, PUFAs contributed significantly higher percentages in brains of formula fed samples. Differences between human milk and formula lipids included minor fatty acids such as C8:0 and C12:0, which were higher in formula, and C16:1 and C18:1 n11, which were higher in human milk. Formula also contained higher levels of low- to medium-carbon triacylglycerols, whereas human milk had higher levels of high-carbon triacylglycerols. All phospholipid classes, and ceramides, were higher in formula. We show that brain lipid composition differs in weanling rats fed human milk or infant formula, but dietary lipid compositions do not necessarily manifest in the brain lipidome.

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Krivoshapko, O. N., A. M. Popov, A. A. Artyukov, and E. Y. Kostetsky. "Particularities of corrective action of polar lipids and bioantioxidants from sea hydrobionts at imbalances of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 58, no. 2 (2012): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20125802189.

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A total mixture of phospho- and glycolipids from sea macrophytes Sargassum pallidum, Ulva fenestrata, Zostera marina was separated and the fatty acid composition was determined. Biological activity of the mixtures of polar lipids and natural antioxidants echinochrome A from flat sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis and polyphenolic complex from sea grass Zostera marina was studied in rats with experimental model of atherosclerosis and diabetes. These experiments revealed optimal compositions for mixtures of polar lipids and antioxidants, which possess high medical-corrective activity. Proposed mechanisms of action of the polar lipids (containing different polyunsaturated fatty acids) and antioxidants studied are presented. These compositions may be used for creation of new biologically-active additives and drugs.

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Schwertner, H. A., and E. L. Mosser. "Comparison of lipid fatty acids on a concentration basis vs weight percentage basis in patients with and without coronary artery disease or diabetes." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.4.659.

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Abstract Lipid fatty acid compositions are almost always expressed on a weight percentage basis rather than as weight or molar concentrations. With the former method of calculation, each fatty acid has an effect on the composition of the other fatty acids, an interdependence that can potentially lead to inaccurate and misleading results. Here we compare the concentrations per liter and the weight percentage compositions of cholesteryl ester and phospholipid fatty acids in individuals with and without coronary artery disease as well as free fatty acid compositions in individuals with and without diabetes. A new method for quantifying lipid fatty acids is also presented. Fatty acid results expressed as concentrations and those calculated on a weight percentage basis may lead to different conclusions, because significant differences between patient groups can be lost with the latter approach. We conclude that serum concentrations of lipid fatty acids are more accurate reflections of changes in lipid fatty acids than are weight percentage calculations, and are more easily interpreted in metabolic and therapeutic terms.

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Lankinen, Maria, Matti Uusitupa, and Ursula Schwab. "Genes and Dietary Fatty Acids in Regulation of Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma and Erythrocyte Membranes." Nutrients 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2018): 1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111785.

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The fatty acid compositions of plasma lipids and cell membranes of certain tissues are modified by dietary fatty acid composition. Furthermore, many other factors (age, sex, ethnicity, health status, genes, and gene × diet interactions) affect the fatty acid composition of cell membranes or plasma lipid compartments. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the complexity of mechanisms that may modify fatty acid compositions of plasma or tissues. We carried out an extensive literature survey of gene × diet interaction in the regulation of fatty acid compositions. Most of the related studies have been observational studies, but there are also a few intervention trials that tend to confirm that true interactions exist. Most of the studies deal with the desaturase enzyme cluster (FADS1, FADS2) in chromosome 11 and elongase enzymes. We expect that new genetic variants are being found that are linked with the genetic regulation of plasma or tissue fatty acid composition. This information is of great help to understanding the contribution of dietary fatty acids and their endogenic metabolism to the development of some chronic diseases.

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Sumida, Yasushi, Hiroyuki Nishio, Yoshiko Iwamoto, and Koichiro Miyajima. "Effects of Lipid Compositions on Thermo-sensitivity of Stratum Corneum Lipid Liposomes." membrane 21, no. 5 (1996): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.21.326.

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Yao, Yao, Shangyu Hong, Hu Zhou, Taichang Yuan, Rong Zeng, and Kan Liao. "The differential protein and lipid compositions of noncaveolar lipid microdomains and caveolae." Cell Research 19, no. 4 (March 3, 2009): 497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cr.2009.27.

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Simonsson, Lisa, and Fredrik Höök. "Formation and Diffusivity Characterization of Supported Lipid Bilayers with Complex Lipid Compositions." Langmuir 28, no. 28 (June 29, 2012): 10528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la301878r.

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Galván-Hernández, Arturo, and Iván Ortega-Blake. "Adsorption of Polyene Antibiotics on Supported Lipid Bilayers of Different Lipid Compositions." Biophysical Journal 114, no. 3 (February 2018): 451a—452a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.2497.

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Goto, Asako, Aya Mizuike, and Kentaro Hanada. "Sphingolipid Metabolism at the ER-Golgi Contact Zone and Its Impact on Membrane Trafficking." Contact 3 (January 2020): 251525642095951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515256420959514.

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Proteins and lipids represent the two major constituents of biological membranes. Different organelles have different lipid compositions, which may be crucial for the execution and control of various organelle-specific functions. The interorganellar transport of lipids is dominated by mechanisms that are distinct from the vesicular mechanisms that underlie the interorganellar transport of proteins. Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) efficiently and accurately mediate the trafficking of membrane lipids at the interfaces between different organelles. In this review, which focuses on sphingolipids, we describe the coordinated synthesis and transfer of lipids that occur at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi apparatus contact zones and discuss the impacts of lipid metabolism on membrane trafficking from the trans-Golgi network (TGN).

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Adams, Rachel L., and Nicholas J. Russell. "Interactive effects of salt concentration and temperature on growth and lipid composition in the moderately halophilic bacterium Vibrio costicola." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-134.

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The interactive effects of NaCl concentration and growth temperature on the growth and lipid composition of the moderately halophilic eubacterium Vibrio costicola have been investigated. Vibrio costicola was shown to be capable of growth over the temperature range 4–37 °C. Maximum growth yields were obtained at 30 °C when the optimum NaCl concentration was 1.0 M NaCl. In contrast with some previous studies, at higher or lower growth temperatures both the optimum and lower limit of NaCl concentration were higher, but there was no change in the upper limit of NaCl concentration for growth. There were no differences between the lipid compositions of cultures grown in 1 M NaCl at 30 or 37 °C, but as the growth temperature was lowered from 30 to 10 or 4 °C, the ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylglycerol increased significantly as a result of the conversion of phosphatidylglycerol to diphosphatidylglycerol; in addition, at the lower growth temperatures the phospholipid fatty acyl composition became more unsaturated and the mean acyl chain length was shorter. It is suggested that the altered salt dependence of V. costicola at temperatures below the optimum for growth is due to a modification in membrane lipid phase behavior and stability brought about by changes in lipid composition, whereas a different mechanism operates above the growth temperature optimum. Key words: salinity, halophilic bacteria, temperature, Vibrio costicola, lipid composition, nonbilayer phases of lipids.

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Conlan, Jessica A., Melissa M. Rocker, and David S. Francis. "A comparison of two common sample preparation techniques for lipid and fatty acid analysis in three different coral morphotypes reveals quantitative and qualitative differences." PeerJ 5 (August 2, 2017): e3645. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3645.

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Lipids are involved in a host of biochemical and physiological processes in corals. Therefore, changes in lipid composition reflect changes in the ecology, nutrition, and health of corals. As such, accurate lipid extraction, quantification, and identification is critical to obtain comprehensive insight into a coral’s condition. However, discrepancies exist in sample preparation methodology globally, and it is currently unknown whether these techniques generate analogous results. This study compared the two most common sample preparation techniques for lipid analysis in corals: (1) tissue isolation by air-spraying and (2) crushing the coral in toto. Samples derived from each preparation technique were subsequently analysed to quantify lipids and their constituent classes and fatty acids in four common, scleractinian coral species representing three distinct morphotypes (Acropora millepora, Montipora crassotuberculata, Porites cylindrica, and Pocillopora damicornis). Results revealed substantial amounts of organic material, including lipids, retained in the skeletons of all species following air-spraying, causing a marked underestimation of total lipid concentration using this method. Moreover, lipid class and fatty acid compositions between the denuded skeleton and sprayed tissue were substantially different. In particular, the majority of the total triacylglycerol and total fatty acid concentrations were retained in the skeleton (55–69% and 56–64%, respectively). As such, the isolated, sprayed tissue cannot serve as a reliable proxy for lipid quantification or identification in the coral holobiont. The in toto crushing method is therefore recommended for coral sample preparation prior to lipid analysis to capture the lipid profile of the entire holobiont, permitting accurate diagnoses of coral condition.

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Ballweg, Stephanie, and Robert Ernst. "Control of membrane fluidity: the OLE pathway in focus." Biological Chemistry 398, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2016-0277.

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Abstract The maintenance of a fluid lipid bilayer is key for membrane integrity and cell viability. We are only beginning to understand how eukaryotic cells sense and maintain the characteristic lipid compositions and bulk membrane properties of their organelles. One of the key factors determining membrane fluidity and phase behavior is the proportion of saturated and unsaturated acyl chains in membrane lipids. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal model organism to study the regulation of the lipid acyl chain composition via the OLE pathway. The OLE pathway comprises all steps involved in the regulated mobilization of the transcription factors Mga2 and Spt23 from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which then drive the expression of OLE1 in the nucleus. OLE1 encodes for the essential Δ9-fatty acid desaturase Ole1 and is crucial for de novo biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) that are used as lipid building blocks. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the OLE pathway, the best-characterized, eukaryotic sense-and-control system regulating membrane lipid saturation, and identifies open questions to indicate future directions.

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Mukerjee, Souvik, Abdulaziz S. Saeedan, Mohd Nazam Ansari, and Manjari Singh. "Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mediated Regulation of Membrane Biochemistry and Tumor Cell Membrane Integrity." Membranes 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070479.

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Particular dramatic macromolecule proteins are responsible for various cellular events in our body system. Lipids have recently recognized a lot more attention of scientists for understanding the relationship between lipid and cellular function and human health However, a biological membrane is formed with a lipid bilayer, which is called a P–L–P design. Our body system is balanced through various communicative signaling pathways derived from biological membrane proteins and lipids. In the case of any fatal disease such as cancer, the biological membrane compositions are altered. To repair the biological membrane composition and prevent cancer, dietary fatty acids, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, are essential in human health but are not directly synthesized in our body system. In this review, we will discuss the alteration of the biological membrane composition in breast cancer. We will highlight the role of dietary fatty acids in altering cellular composition in the P–L–P bilayer. We will also address the importance of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to regulate the membrane fluidity of cancer cells.

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Wiegand, Murray D., Thomas A. Johnston, Jennifer Martin, and William C. Leggett. "Variation in neutral and polar lipid compositions of ova in ten reproductively isolated populations of walleye (Sander vitreus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-146.

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We examined variation in the mass and composition of egg lipids within and among 10 walleye (Sander vitreus) populations. Larger eggs contained more lipid, but neither absolute lipid content (mg·egg1) nor relative lipid content (percent of egg mass as lipid) were related to maternal age or size. Among populations, the proportion of egg mass as neutral lipid varied significantly, whereas the proportion as polar lipid did not. Egg fatty acid composition did vary with respect to maternal traits. In the Lake Ontario population, larger females appear to produce a qualitatively superior egg; relative abundances of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n3), DHA) and arachidonic acid (20:4(n6), AA) increased, and the relative abundance of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5(n3), EPA) decreased in egg fatty acids with increasing maternal length. We predicted that fatty acid profiles would be less variable in the polar than in the neutral lipid fraction. Relative abundances of DHA, AA, the sum of AA and EPA, and several other fatty acid classes were all significantly less variable in the polar than in the neutral fraction both among females and among populations. Our results indicate a high level of conservatism of egg lipid mass and polar lipid composition in this species.

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Liakh, Ivan, Tomasz Sledzinski, Lukasz Kaska, Paulina Mozolewska, and Adriana Mika. "Sample Preparation Methods for Lipidomics Approaches Used in Studies of Obesity." Molecules 25, no. 22 (November 13, 2020): 5307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225307.

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Obesity is associated with alterations in the composition and amounts of lipids. Lipids have over 1.7 million representatives. Most lipid groups differ in composition, properties and chemical structure. These small molecules control various metabolic pathways, determine the metabolism of other compounds and are substrates for the syntheses of different derivatives. Recently, lipidomics has become an important branch of medical/clinical sciences similar to proteomics and genomics. Due to the much higher lipid accumulation in obese patients and many alterations in the compositions of various groups of lipids, the methods used for sample preparations for lipidomic studies of samples from obese subjects sometimes have to be modified. Appropriate sample preparation methods allow for the identification of a wide range of analytes by advanced analytical methods, including mass spectrometry. This is especially the case in studies with obese subjects, as the amounts of some lipids are much higher, others are present in trace amounts, and obese subjects have some specific alterations of the lipid profile. As a result, it is best to use a method previously tested on samples from obese subjects. However, most of these methods can be also used in healthy, nonobese subjects or patients with other dyslipidemias. This review is an overview of sample preparation methods for analysis as one of the major critical steps in the overall analytical procedure.

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Nishida-Aoki, Nao, Yoshihiro Izumi, Hiroaki Takeda, Masatomo Takahashi, Takahiro Ochiya, and Takeshi Bamba. "Lipidomic Analysis of Cells and Extracellular Vesicles from High- and Low-Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer." Metabolites 10, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10020067.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanovesicles secreted from almost all cells including cancer. Cancer-derived EVs contribute to cancer progression and malignancy via educating the surrounding normal cells. In breast cancer, epidemiological and experimental observations indicated that lipids are associated with cancer malignancy. However, lipid compositions of breast cancer EVs and their contributions to cancer progression are unexplored. In this study, we performed a widely targeted quantitative lipidomic analysis in cells and EVs derived from high- and low-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, using supercritical fluid chromatography fast-scanning triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. We demonstrated the differential lipid compositions between EVs and cells of their origin, and between high- and low-metastatic cell lines. Further, we demonstrated EVs from highly metastatic breast cancer accumulated unsaturated diacylglycerols (DGs) compared with EVs from lower-metastatic cells, without increasing the amount in cells. The EVs enriched with DGs could activate the protein kinase D signaling pathway in endothelial cells, which can lead to stimulated angiogenesis. Our results indicate that lipids are selectively loaded into breast cancer EVs to support tumor progression.

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Bae, Sung Woo, Sunghee Jung, Sang Chul Choi, Mi Young Kim, and Stephen Beungtae Ryu. "Lipid Composition of Latex and Rubber Particles in Hevea brasiliensis and Taraxacum kok-saghyz." Molecules 25, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 5110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215110.

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Natural rubber is usually synthesized in the rubber particles present in the latex of rubber-producing plants such as the Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) and rubber dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz). Since the detailed lipid compositions of fresh latex and rubber particles of the plants are poorly known, the present study reports detailed compound lipid composition, focusing on phospholipids and galactolipids in the latex and rubber particles of the plants. In the fresh latex and rubber particles of both plants, phospholipids were much more dominant (85–99%) compared to galactolipids. Among the nine classes of phospholipids, phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were most abundant, at ~80%, in both plants. Among PCs, PC (36:4) and PC (34:2) were most abundant in the rubber tree and rubber dandelion, respectively. Two classes of galactolipids, monogalactosyl diacylglycerol and digalactosyl diacylglycerol, were detected as 12% and 1%, respectively, of total compound lipids in rubber tree, whereas their percentages in the rubber dandelion were negligible (< 1%). Overall, the compound lipid composition differed only slightly between the fresh latex and the rubber particles of both rubber plants. These results provide fundamental data on the lipid composition of rubber particles in two rubber-producing plants, which can serve as a basis for artificial rubber particle production in the future.

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MOCHIZUKI, Misato, Fumio TAKENAGA, Shingo ITOH, and Hideo TSUYUKI. "Lipid and Fatty Acid Compositions of Marine Phytoplanktons." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KAGAKU KOGAKU KAISHI 46, no. 1 (1999): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.46.29.

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Ngoc, Lam Duong Bich, Nurlidia Mansor, Shuhaimi Mahadzir, Muhamad Fazizi Bin Adenan, and Billyianto Among Bato. "Growth and Lipid Compositions of Locally Isolated Microalgae." Journal of Applied Sciences 15, no. 3 (February 15, 2015): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2015.598.601.

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Abdurakhmanova, N. A., A. Ya Ibragimov, A. K. Ganiev, L. G. Mezhlumyan, and N. K. Yuldasheva. "Amino-acid and lipid compositions of Gelrem preparation." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 46, no. 4 (August 28, 2010): 669–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-010-9711-5.

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Xu, Lina, Maximilian V. Schmitt, Huabin Ruan, Yupei Jiao, Xueying Wang, Yusong Wang, Tao Yang, Philip Lienau, Andreas Reichel, and Xiaohui Liu. "Systematic Analysis of the Whole-Body Tissue Distribution and Fatty Acid Compositions of Membrane Lipids in CD1 and NMRI Mice and Wistar Rats." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2020 (November 30, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8819437.

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Understanding the tissue distribution of phospholipids and glycerolipids in animal models enables promoting the pharmacokinetic study of drugs and related PK predictions. The measurement of lipid compositions in animal models, usually mice and rats, without a standardized approach hindered the accuracy of PBPK investigation. In this work, high resolution mass spectrometry was applied to profile the tissue distribution of phospholipids and glycerolipids in 12 organs/tissues of mice and rats. Using this method, not only the amounts of phospholipids and glycerolipids in each organ/tissue but also the fatty acid compositions were acquired. In order to explore the interspecies specificity of lipid distribution in different organs/tissues, three animal species including CD1 mice, NMRI mice, and Wister rats were used in this systematic study. Globally, more organ specificity was observed. It was found that the brain is the organ containing the most abundant phosphatidylserine lipids (PSs) in all three animal models, leading to brain tissues having the most concentrated acidic phospholipids. Diverse fatty acid compositions in each lipid class were clearly revealed. Certain tissues/organs also had a specific selection of unique fatty acid compositions, for example, unreferenced FA(18 : 2) in the brain. It turned out that the access of free fatty acids affects the incorporation of acyl chain in phospholipids and glycerolipids. In the analysis, ether lipids were also profiled with the observation of dominant ePEs in brain tissues. However, little interspecies difference was found for fatty acid constituents and tissues distribution of phospholipids and glycerolipids.

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Barreto-Ojeda, Estefania, Valentina Corradi, Ruo-Xu Gu, and D. Peter Tieleman. "Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal lipid access pathways in P-glycoprotein." Journal of General Physiology 150, no. 3 (February 6, 2018): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201711907.

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P-glycoprotein (P-gp) exports a broad range of dissimilar compounds, including drugs, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Because of its substrate promiscuity, P-gp is a key player in the development of cancer multidrug resistance. Although P-gp is one of the most studied ABC transporters, the mechanism by which its substrates access the cavity remains unclear. In this study, we perform coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to explore possible lipid access pathways in the inward-facing conformation of P-gp embedded in bilayers of different lipid compositions. In the inward-facing orientation, only lipids from the lower leaflet access the cavity of the transporter. We identify positively charged residues at the portals of P-gp that favor lipid entrance to the cavity, as well as lipid-binding sites at the portals and within the cavity, which is in good agreement with previous experimental studies. This work includes several examples of lipid pathways for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine lipids that help elucidate the molecular mechanism of lipid binding in P-gp.

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Jones, A. L., A. C. Hann, J. L. Harwood, and D. Lloyd. "Temperature-induced membrane-lipid adaptation in Acanthamoeba castellanii." Biochemical Journal 290, no. 1 (February 15, 1993): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2900273.

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A method has been developed for the separation of the major membrane fractions of Acanthamoeba castellanii after growth at different temperatures. The acyl-lipid compositions of individual membrane fractions, microsomal membranes, plasma membrane and mitochondria were analysed after a shift in culture temperature from 30 degrees C to 15 degrees C. The major change in lipid composition observed was an alteration in the relative proportions of oleate and linoleate. This reciprocal change was seen in all the membrane fractions, but occurred most rapidly in the phosphatidylcholine of the microsomal fraction. Thus, there appears to be a rapid induction of delta 12-desaturase activity in A. castellanii after a downward shift in growth temperature. Changes were also seen in the proportions of the n-6 C20 fatty acids, with a decrease in the proportions of icosadienoate and increases of icosatrienoate and arachidonate. However, unlike the alteration in oleate/linoleate ratios, this change was not seen in all the individual lipids of each membrane fraction.

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Sandt, Christophe, and Ferenc Borondics. "A new typology of human hair medullas based on lipid composition analysis by synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy." Analyst 146, no. 12 (2021): 3942–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1an00695a.

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Chemical compositions of 130 human hair medullas were measured by synchrotron FTIR microscopy evidencing calcium carboxylates and unexpected chemical variability. Based on their lipid composition, human hair medullas were classified in 4 groups.

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Bowman, Andrew P., Jeroen F. J. Bogie, Jerome J. A. Hendriks, Mansour Haidar, Mikhail Belov, Ron M. A. Heeren, and Shane R. Ellis. "Evaluation of lipid coverage and high spatial resolution MALDI-imaging capabilities of oversampling combined with laser post-ionisation." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 412, no. 10 (December 26, 2019): 2277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02290-3.

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AbstractMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful technique for visualising the spatial locations of lipids in biological tissues. However, a major challenge in interpreting the biological significance of local lipid compositions and distributions detected using MALDI-MSI is the difficulty in associating spectra with cellular lipid metabolism within the tissue. By-and-large this is due to the typically limited spatial resolution of MALDI-MSI (30–100 μm) meaning individual spectra represent the average spectrum acquired from multiple adjacent cells, each potentially possessing a unique lipid composition and biological function. The use of oversampling is one promising approach to decrease the sampling area and improve the spatial resolution in MALDI-MSI, but it can suffer from a dramatically decreased sensitivity. In this work we overcome these challenges through the coupling of oversampling MALDI-MSI with laser post-ionisation (MALDI-2). We demonstrate the ability to acquire rich lipid spectra from pixels as small as 6 μm, equivalent to or smaller than the size of typical mammalian cells. Coupled with an approach for automated lipid identification, it is shown that MALDI-2 combined with oversampling at 6 μm pixel size can detect up to three times more lipids and many more lipid classes than even conventional MALDI at 20 μm resolution in the positive-ion mode. Applying this to mouse kidney and human brain tissue containing active multiple sclerosis lesions, where 74 and 147 unique lipids are identified, respectively, the localisation of lipid signals to individual tubuli within the kidney and lipid droplets with lesion-specific macrophages is demonstrated.

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Verma, Aparna, Ningombam Sanjib Meitei, Prakash U. Gajbhiye, Mark J. Raftery, and Kiran Ambatipudi. "Comparative Analysis of Milk Triglycerides Profile between Jaffarabadi Buffalo and Holstein Friesian Cow." Metabolites 10, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10120507.

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Milk lipids are known for a variety of biological functions, however; little is known about compositional variation across breeds, especially for Jaffarabadi buffalo, an indigenous Indian breed. Systematic profiling of extracted milk lipids was performed by mass spectrometry across summer and winter in Holstein Friesian cow and Jaffarabadi buffalo. Extensive MS/MS spectral analysis for the identification (ID) of probable lipid species using software followed by manual verification and grading of each assigned lipid species enabled ID based on (a) parent ion, (b) head group, and (c) partial/full acyl characteristic ions for comparative profiling of triacylglycerols between the breeds. Additionally, new triacylglycerol species with short-chain fatty acids were reported by manual interpretation of MS/MS spectra and comparison with curated repositories. Collectively, 1093 triacylglycerol species belonging to 141 unique sum compositions between the replicates of both the animal groups were identified. Relative quantitation at sum composition level followed by statistical analyses revealed changes in relative abundances of triacylglycerol species due to breed, season, and interaction effect of the two. Significant changes in triacylglycerols were observed between breeds (81%) and seasons (59%). When the interaction effect is statistically significant, a higher number of triacylglycerols species in Jaffarabadi has lesser seasonal variation than Holstein Friesian.

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Karthikeyan, Velmurugan. "Biochemical Transition Effects of Fungi Fouling Disease in Penaeus Monodon Shrimp." Journal of Zoo Biology 3, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): ACCEPTED. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/zoobiol.003.01.2415.

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Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp) is one of the most cultured shrimp species in India. Biochemical compositions of such shrimp species play a major role in recent decades. The biochemical composition is an index to assess the nutritional quality of food sources. The present work endeavor is to analyze total protein, carbohydrates, total lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals from muscle tissues of both Gilbertella persicaria fungal fouling infected and healthy shrimp, P. monodon. The study animal was captured by cast net operation from cultured grow-out shrimp pond located in Tamil Nadu. The study revealed maximum amounts of nutritional status was observed in healthy shrimp P. monodon (total protein 49.15%, carbohydrate 16.53%, total lipid 2.37%) tissues compared with G. persicaria fungal fouling infected shrimp (total protein 31.15%, carbohydrate 11.05%, total lipid 1.04%) were recorded. These results indicate novel report on nutritional aspect of fungal fouling pathogen G. persicaria which has significantly contributed in biochemical composition reduction of P. monodon.

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Beavis, J., J. L. Harwood, G. A. Coles, and J. D. Williams. "Intraperitoneal phosphatidylcholine levels in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis do not correlate with adequacy of ultrafiltration." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 3, no. 12 (June 1993): 1954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v3121954.

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A qualitative and quantitative study was undertaken to determine the lipid composition of dialysate effluent from patients maintained on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Effluent, after a 4-h, 2.27% dextrose dwell, was collected on ice, centrifuged and extracted for lipids with chloroform and methanol. Lipids were separated and identified by thin layer chromatography, and the constituent fatty acids were quantitated by gas liquid chromatography. Effluents from 10 patients were assayed at the commencement of CAPD treatment and again after 6 months of therapy. There was a significant fall in phosphatidylcholine and phospholipid concentrations (P < 0.007) with time, whereas the fatty acid compositions of these lipids remained constant. Dialysate phosphatidylcholine and phospholipid concentrations were not significantly different between seven patients with poor ultrafiltration and eight patients who had normal fluid removal. This study demonstrates that there is no relationship between dialysate phospholipid levels and the adequacy of filtration, although it corroborates previous reports of an inverse correlation between time on CAPD and dialysate lipid concentrations. These results do not support a rationale for ip phosphatidylcholine administration in patients with poor ultrafiltration.

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Tereshchuk-, Lyubov. "Theoretical and Practical Aspects of the Development of a Balanced Lipid Complex of Fat Compositions." Foods and Raw Materials 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5461.

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Rencoret, Jorge, Ana Gutiérrez, and José C. del Río. "Lipid and lignin composition of woods from different eucalypt species." Holzforschung 61, no. 2 (March 1, 2007): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2007.030.

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Abstract The lipid and lignin compositions of woods from the eucalypt species Eucalyptus globulus, E. nitens, E. maidenii, E. grandis, and E. dunnii have been characterized. The lipid composition was analyzed by GC and GC/MS using short- and medium-length high-temperature capillary columns, which allowed the detection of intact high-molecular-weight compounds. Similar lipid compositions were observed in all eucalypt woods, which were dominated by sitosterol, sitosterol esters and sitosteryl 3β-D-glucopyranoside. These substance classes are mainly responsible for pitch deposition during kraft pulping of eucalypt wood. However, some quantitative differences were found in the abundance of different lipid classes, with wood from E. globulus containing the lowest amounts of these pitch-forming compounds. The lignins of all eucalypt woods were analyzed in situ (without previous isolation) by pyrolysis-GC/MS. A predominance of syringyl (S) over guaiacyl (G) lignin units was observed and the S/G ratio was in the range from 2.7 to 4.1. E. globulus wood had the highest S/G ratio, a finding that, together with its low lignin content, explains its easy delignification under kraft cooking conditions.

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Zhao, Hongxia, and Pekka Lappalainen. "A simple guide to biochemical approaches for analyzing protein–lipid interactions." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 15 (August 2012): 2823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-07-0645.

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Eukaryotic cells contain many different membrane compartments with characteristic shapes, lipid compositions, and dynamics. A large fraction of cytoplasmic proteins associate with these membrane compartments. Such protein–lipid interactions, which regulate the subcellular localizations and activities of peripheral membrane proteins, are fundamentally important for a variety of cell biological processes ranging from cytoskeletal dynamics and membrane trafficking to intracellular signaling. Reciprocally, many membrane-associated proteins can modulate the shape, lipid composition, and dynamics of cellular membranes. Determining the exact mechanisms by which these proteins interact with membranes will be essential to understanding their biological functions. In this Technical Perspective, we provide a brief introduction to selected biochemical methods that can be applied to study protein–lipid interactions. We also discuss how important it is to choose proper lipid composition, type of model membrane, and biochemical assay to obtain reliable and informative data from the lipid-interaction mechanism of a protein of interest.

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Tanaka, Hideki, Yasunori Mizuta, and Takao Ichii. "Lipid Compositions and Their Seasonal Changes in Citrus Leaves." Engei Gakkai zasshi 66, no. 2 (1997): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.66.297.

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Reading, Eamonn, Zoe Hall, Chloe Martens, Tabasom Haghighi, Heather Findlay, Zainab Ahdash, Argyris Politis, and Paula J. Booth. "Interrogating Membrane Protein Conformational Dynamics within Native Lipid Compositions." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 56, no. 49 (November 8, 2017): 15654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201709657.

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Brouwers, Jos F., Marian Aalberts, Jeroen W. A. Jansen, Guillaume van Niel, Marca H. Wauben, Tom A. E. Stout, J. Bernd Helms, and Willem Stoorvogel. "Distinct lipid compositions of two types of human prostasomes." PROTEOMICS 13, no. 10-11 (April 2, 2013): 1660–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201200348.

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Reading, Eamonn, Zoe Hall, Chloe Martens, Tabasom Haghighi, Heather Findlay, Zainab Ahdash, Argyris Politis, and Paula J. Booth. "Interrogating Membrane Protein Conformational Dynamics within Native Lipid Compositions." Angewandte Chemie 129, no. 49 (November 8, 2017): 15860–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201709657.

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Bay, Denice C., Sean C. Booth, and Raymond J. Turner. "Respiration and ecological niche influence bacterial membrane lipid compositions." Environmental Microbiology 17, no. 5 (December 11, 2014): 1777–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12637.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Lipid compositions'

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