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Academic literature on the topic 'Lipid compositions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Kalvodova, Lucie, Julio L. Sampaio, Sandra Cordo, Christer S. Ejsing, Andrej Shevchenko, and Kai Simons. "The Lipidomes of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Semliki Forest Virus, and the Host Plasma Membrane Analyzed by Quantitative Shotgun Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Virology 83, no. 16 (May 27, 2009): 7996–8003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00635-09.

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ABSTRACT Although enveloped virus assembly in the host cell is a crucial step in the virus life cycle, it remains poorly understood. One issue is how viruses include lipids in their membranes during budding from infected host cells. To analyze this issue, we took advantage of the fact that baby hamster kidney cells can be infected by two different viruses, namely, vesicular stomatitis virus and Semliki Forest virus, from the Rhabdoviridae and Togaviridae families, respectively. We purified the host plasma membrane and the two different viruses after exit from the host cells and analyzed the lipid compositions of the membranes by quantitative shotgun mass spectrometry. We observed that the lipid compositions of these otherwise structurally different viruses are virtually indistinguishable, and only slight differences were detected between the viral lipid composition and that of the plasma membrane. Taken together, the facts that the lipid compositions of the two viruses are so similar and that they strongly resemble the composition of the plasma membrane suggest that these viruses exert little selection in including lipids in their envelopes.

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Anisuzzaman, Md, Feng Jin, Kamrunnahar Kabery, U.-Cheol Jeong, Hyun-Chol Jung, Sang-Ro Lee, and Seok-Joong Kang. "Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Compositions of Dried Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus." Open Food Science Journal 11, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874256401911010079.

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Introduction: Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is becoming popular around the world due to its nutritional and medicinal properties. There are still no detailed chemical studies of the lipid class, glycolipids compositions of sea cucumber. Methods: This study was conducted to determine the lipid class and glycolipid compositions of dried sea cucumber, A. japonicus, and analyze fatty acid compositions of Monogalactosyl Diglycerides (MGDG), Steryl Glycosides (SG) and Sulfoquinovosyl Diglycerides (SQDG). Total lipids of sea cucumber were extracted by Bligh and Dyer method and Sep-Pak Silica plus long cartridge, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) silica gel G-60 F254 was used for the separation of different lipid classes and glycolipid compositions. The composition of fatty acids was analyzed by GC. Results & Conclusion: The level of total lipids in the dried sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, was 4 ± 1% of dry weight (w/w) and the amount of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids was 31 ± 1%, 29 ± 1% and 40 ± 1% of the total lipids (w/w), respectively. MGDG, SG and SQDG were the major glycolipids, and the contents were 37.5 ± 0.3%, 33.8 ± 0.5% and 23.6 ± 0.7% of the total glycolipids (w/w), respectively and significantly higher than other glycolipids (p < 0.05). SQDG contained much higher Arachidonic Acid (AA), Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and MGDG contained higher Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) compared with SG (p < 0.05). Further investigation is required to understand the positional distribution of fatty acids and molecular species in MGDG, SG and SQDG in detail.

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Godoy-Hernandez, Albert, and Duncan G. G. McMillan. "The Profound Influence of Lipid Composition on the Catalysis of the Drug Target NADH Type II Oxidoreductase." Membranes 11, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050363.

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Lipids play a pivotal role in cellular respiration, providing the natural environment in which an oxidoreductase interacts with the quinone pool. To date, it is generally accepted that negatively charged lipids play a major role in the activity of quinone oxidoreductases. By changing lipid compositions when assaying a type II NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, we demonstrate that phosphatidylethanolamine has an essential role in substrate binding and catalysis. We also reveal the importance of acyl chain composition, specifically c14:0, on membrane-bound quinone-mediated catalysis. This demonstrates that oxidoreductase lipid specificity is more diverse than originally thought and that the lipid environment plays an important role in the physiological catalysis of membrane-bound oxidoreductases.

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TSUYUKI, Hideo, Shingo ITOH, and Kazuo YAMAGATA. "Lipid and triacylglycerol compositions of total lipids in pumpkin seeds." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KOGYO GAKKAISHI 32, no. 1 (1985): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.32.7.

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Tamura, Yasushi, Shin Kawano, and Toshiya Endo. "Lipid homeostasis in mitochondria." Biological Chemistry 401, no. 6-7 (May 26, 2020): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2020-0121.

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AbstractMitochondria are surrounded by the two membranes, the outer and inner membranes, whose lipid compositions are optimized for proper functions and structural organizations of mitochondria. Although a part of mitochondrial lipids including their characteristic lipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin, are synthesized within mitochondria, their precursor lipids and other lipids are transported from other organelles, mainly the ER. Mitochondrially synthesized lipids are re-distributed within mitochondria and to other organelles, as well. Recent studies pointed to the important roles of inter-organelle contact sites in lipid trafficking between different organelle membranes. Identification of Ups/PRELI proteins as lipid transfer proteins shuttling between the mitochondrial outer and inner membranes established a part of the molecular and structural basis of the still elusive intra-mitochondrial lipid trafficking.

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Tourte, Maxime, Vanessa Kuentz, Philippe Schaeffer, Vincent Grossi, Anais Cario, and Philippe M. Oger. "Novel Intact Polar and Core Lipid Compositions in the Pyrococcus Model Species, P. furiosus and P. yayanosii, Reveal the Largest Lipid Diversity Amongst Thermococcales." Biomolecules 10, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10060830.

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Elucidating the lipidome of Archaea is essential to understand their tolerance to extreme environmental conditions. Previous characterizations of the lipid composition of Pyrococcus species, a model genus of hyperthermophilic archaea belonging to the Thermococcales order, led to conflicting results, which hindered the comprehension of their membrane structure and the putative adaptive role of their lipids. In an effort to clarify the lipid composition data of the Pyrococcus genus, we thoroughly investigated the distribution of both the core lipids (CL) and intact polar lipids (IPL) of the model Pyrococcus furiosus and, for the first time, of Pyrococcus yayanosii, the sole obligate piezophilic hyperthermophilic archaeon known to date. We showed a low diversity of IPL in the lipid extract of P. furiosus, which nonetheless allowed the first report of phosphatidyl inositol-based glycerol mono- and trialkyl glycerol tetraethers. With up to 13 different CL structures identified, the acid methanolysis of Pyrococcus furiosus revealed an unprecedented CL diversity and showed strong discrepancies with the IPL compositions reported here and in previous studies. By contrast, P. yayanosii displayed fewer CL structures but a much wider variety of polar heads. Our results showed severe inconsistencies between IPL and CL relative abundances. Such differences highlight the diversity and complexity of the Pyrococcus plasma membrane composition and demonstrate that a large part of its lipids remains uncharacterized. Reassessing the lipid composition of model archaea should lead to a better understanding of the structural diversity of their lipidome and of their physiological and adaptive functions.

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Wang, Bao Qin, Ze Ping Xu, and Chuan Lun Yang. "The Chemical Compositions of the Lipid Extracted from Fermented Mycelium of Grifola frondosa." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.412.

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The lipids from fermented mycelium of G. frondosa were extracted using supercritical flow CO2 and analyzed by GC-MS. There were 24 compounds detected in the lipids and the main compositions were octadecadienoic acid, eicosadienoic acid and hexadecanoic acid, with a little terpenoid compounds of cedrene, caryophyllene, isopropenylcarene, squalene, and some ergosterol. The total fatty acid content of the lipid was 89.18%, in which, the unsaturated fatty acid was 71.09%. The main compositions of saturated fatty acid were hexadecanoic acid and the main compositions of unsaturated fatty acid were linoleic acid and eicosadienoic acid (EDA). The contents of linoleic acid and EDA in the lipid from G. frondosa mycelium were 48.65% and 29.91% respectively.

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Tanaka, Hiroki, Nae Takata, Yu Sakurai, Tokuyuki Yoshida, Takao Inoue, Shinya Tamagawa, Yuta Nakai, et al. "Delivery of Oligonucleotides Using a Self-Degradable Lipid-Like Material." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13040544.

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The world-first success of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based siRNA therapeutics (ONPATTRO®) promises to accelerate developments in siRNA therapeutics/gene therapy using LNP-type drug delivery systems (DDS). In this study, we explore the optimal composition of an LNP containing a self-degradable material (ssPalmO-Phe) for the delivery of oligonucleotides. siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) were encapsulated in LNP with different lipid compositions. The hepatic knockdown efficiency of the target genes and liver toxicity were evaluated. The optimal compositions for the siRNA were different from those for ASO, and different from those for mRNA that were reported in a previous study. Extracellular stability, endosomal escape and cellular uptake appear to be the key processes for the successful delivery of mRNA, siRNA and ASO, respectively. Moreover, the compositions of the LNPs likely contribute to their toxicity. The lipid composition of the LNP needs to be optimized depending on the type of nucleic acids under consideration if the applications of LNPs are to be further expanded.

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Ye, Zhan, Chen Cao, Ruizhi Li, Peirang Cao, Qiu Li, and Yuanfa Liu. "Lipid composition modulates the intestine digestion rate and serum lipid status of different edible oils: a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies." Food & Function 10, no. 3 (2019): 1490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8fo01290c.

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Lu, Bin, Tyler Smith, and Jacob J. Schmidt. "Nanoparticle–lipid bilayer interactions studied with lipid bilayer arrays." Nanoscale 7, no. 17 (2015): 7858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06892k.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Hillbrick, Gordon Colin, and kimg@deakin edu au. "THE LIPID COMPOSITION OF CASHMERE GOAT FIBRES." Deakin University, 1994. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20031205.162817.

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This study examined the differences in the chemical composition, particularly fatty acids, of the lipid extracted from the fibre of bucks, does and castrated goats. The study provides a more detailed understanding of the chemical composition of buck fibre lipid and how it varies throughout the year, and also details the effect of body region and nutrition on the production and chemical composition of lipid from buck fibre. Lipid was extracted with either petroleum ether (non-polar) or chloroform/methanol azeotrope (polar) and analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The more polar solvent system extracted larger amounts of lipid and more of each individual fatty acid. The following buck specific ethyl branched fatty acids were identified: 2-ethylhexanoic, 4-ethylhexanoic, 2-ethyloctanoic, 4-ethyloctanoic, 6-ethyloctanoic, 2-ethyldecanoic, 4-ethyldecanoic, 2-ethyldodecanoic, 6-ethyldodecanoic, 4-ethyldodecanoic, 2-ethyltetradecanoic, 6-ethyltetradecanoic, 4-ethyltetradecanoic, 2-ethylhexadecanoic and 4-ethyloctadecanoic acids. Of these buck specific fatty acids only 4-ethylhexanoic (T), 4-ethyloctanoic, 4-ethyldecanoic, 4-ethyldodecanoic, 6-ethyldodecanoic (T), 4-ethyltetradecanoic, 2-ethylhexadecanoic (T) and 4-ethylhexadecanoic acids have been previously identified or tentatively identified (T) in buck fibre extracts. This shows that the chemical composition of buck fibre lipid is more complex than previously reported, and that it may be more difficult than previously thought to artificially duplicate the odour of the buck. Buck fibre samples had lower average concentrations of 2-methylpropanoic, 2-methylbutanoic, iso-pentadecanoic, anteiso-pentadecanoic, iso-hexadecanoic, anteiso-heptadecanoic, iso-octadecanoic and anteiso-nonadecanoic acids as compared with fibre samples from does, spayed does, or wethers that were castrated at one month of age. The reduced concentrations of these fatty acids in buck fibre extracts were likely to be due to the synthesis of ethyl branched derivatives of iso and anteiso fatty acids. Buck fibre samples had higher concentrations of benzoic acid as compared with fibre samples from does, spayed does, or wethers that were castrated at one month of age. The significance of these results is that non buck specific fatty acids may also make a contribution to the odour of bucks. When fibre samples were collected at various times throughout the year, it was found that the bucks had increased amounts of lipid and ethyl branched fatty acids in fibre samples shorn from March to September, as compared with fibre samples shorn in November and January. The increase in the amount of lipid and ethyl branched fatty acids corresponded with both the rutting period of the buck and the period when the buck odour was increased. This suggests that ethyl branched fatty acids could be pheromones. The variation in lipid content and fatty acid composition was also examined between fibre samples collected from different body regions of the buck during April, as alterations in sebaceous gland activity around the neck during rutting have been reported. It was found that the average amount of lipid in the neck region of the bucks was not statistically higher than the average amounts in the midside and hind regions. However, the ethyl branched fatty acid concentrations were statistically higher in the fibre from around the neck as compared with the fibre from the other body regions, which is consistent with the odour of the buck being most pronounced around the head and neck region. The lipid content and composition of fibre samples from bucks fed high and low quality diets (lucerne and pangola grass, respectively) was examined to determine the effect of nutrition on buck specific components. The high quality diet increased the amount of lipid and ethyl branched fatty acids in fibre samples collected in April from the neck, midside and hind regions, as compared with fibre samples from the corresponding body regions from bucks fed the low quality diet. Thus it may be possible for the pheromone levels of bucks to be increased by simply providing them with good nutrition. The lipid content and ethyl branched fatty acid concentrations of fibre samples increased earlier in the year for the lucerne fed bucks as compared with the pangola grass fed bucks. The lucerne fed bucks had increased concentrations of ethyl branched fatty acids in fibre samples shorn during December to June (6 months) whereas the pangola grass fed bucks had increased concentrations of ethyl branched fatty acids in fibre samples shorn during April to August (4 months). These observations show that good nutrition can result in both the earlier production of ethyl branched fatty acids and an extended period when ethyl branched fatty acids are produced. This suggests that nutrition can be used to manipulate pheromone levels in the buck. The period when the ethyl branched fatty acids were increased corresponded with the period when the plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone concentrations, odour and sebaceous gland volume of the bucks were increased, which supports the assumption that ethyl branched fatty acids are involved in odour production and act as pheromones.

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Fischer, Carol Lea. "Oral mucosal lipids are antimicrobial against Porphyromonas gingivalis, induce ultrastructural damage, and alter bacterial lipid and protein compositions." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2494.

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Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation of the gingiva and periodontium that leads to progressive destruction and irreversible damage to the supportive structures of the teeth. It affects nearly half of the United States population and is a particular risk factor in adults older than 65 years of age. Oral microorganisms assemble in plaque as a polymicrobial biofilm and Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important secondary colonizer in oral biofilms, has been implicated in periodontal disease. Although the protective functions of various salivary molecules such as antimicrobial proteins have been delineated, lipids present in saliva and on the oral mucosa have been largely ignored and there is growing evidence that the role of lipids in innate immunity is more important than previously realized. In fact, recent studies suggest that sphingoid bases and fatty acids, which exhibit potent broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria and fungi, are likely important innate immune molecules involved in the defense against oral bacterial and fungal infections. However little is known about their spectrum of activity or mechanisms of action. In addition, the effects of these lipids that are endogenous to the oral cavity have not been explored against oral bacteria. In this study I hypothesized that oral mucosal and salivary lipids exhibit dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis and alter cell morphology and metabolic events. To test this hypothesis, I first examined the effects of two fatty acids: sapienic acid and lauric acid, and three sphingoid bases: sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine, against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including P. gingivalis. Using broth microdilution assays to determine minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations, I show that antimicrobial activity against bacteria is dose-dependent, lipid specific, and microorganism specific. Kill kinetics were also variable across each bacteria-lipid combination. Upon examination of select bacteria-lipid combinations via scanning and transmission electron microscopy, different morphologies were evident across all treatments, demonstrating differential activity of each lipid for a particular bacterium as well as for each bacterium across different lipids. In addition, all sphingoid bases and fatty acids were taken up and retained in association with P. gingivalis cells and could be extracted along with bacterial lipids and separated using thin layer chromatography. Using a combination of two-dimensional in-gel electrophoresis and Western blots followed by mass spectroscopy and n-terminus degradation sequencing, I show that sapienic-acid treatment induces a unique stress response in P. gingivalis, as evidenced by the ability of P. gingivalis to upregulate a set of proteins involved in fatty acid biosynthesis metabolism and energy production, protein processing, cell adhesion, and virulence. Finally, utilizing flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, I assessed the effects of oral antimicrobial lipids against a representative host cell and describe oral lipid concentrations that are both antimicrobial to P. gingivalis cells and non-cytotoxic to the representative host cells tested. Combined, these data strongly suggest that sphingoid bases and fatty acids found within the saliva and on oral mucosa likely do contribute to the innate antimicrobial activity of saliva, mucosal surfaces, and skin and this dose-dependent activity is both lipid specific and bacteria specific. This information adds to current knowledge of the innate functions of endogenous lipids in the oral cavity. With bacterial resistance to current antibiotics increasing, the exploration of new antimicrobial agents is important and these lipid treatments may be beneficial for prophylactic treatments or therapeutic intervention of infection by supplementing the natural immune function of endogenous lipids on skin and other mucosal membranes.

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Jahan, Kishowar. "Quality in organic, free-range and conventional chicken breasts related to lipid antioxidant compositions." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417332.

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Shah, Siddharth Prakashchandra. "LIPID COMPOSITIONS OF MICROBIAL ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR IMPLICATION IN THERMO STABILITY OF BACTERIAL CELL MEMBRANE STRUCTURE." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/419298.

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Chemistry
Ph.D.
Microorganisms with an ability to thrive in harsh environments are referred as “extremophiles”. With advances in biotechnology, interest has grown in the extremophile research because of their unique macromolecules’ characteristics due to their growth environments. Over last decade, researchers have isolated many extremophiles from environments like volcano, salt lakes, hydrothermal vents, deep oceans, Antarctica glaciers etc. Macromolecules of these extremophiles are responsible for their survival in extreme environments. In this research work we have isolated lipid molecules from three different microorganisms. 1) GWE1 strain, a thermophilic bacterium, isolated from dark crusty material from sterilization ovens. 2) 7L strain, a thermophilic bacterium, isolated from Chilean Copahue Volcano. 3) I1P strain, a facultative anaerobe of the family Enterobacteriaceae, recently isolated from Antarctica. Complex lipid arrangement and/or type in the cell membrane are known to affect thermostability of microorganisms and efforts were made to understand the chemical nature of the polar lipids of membrane. In this work, we extracted total lipids from cell membrane, separated them by TLC into various fractions and characterize the lipid structures of fractions with analytical tools such as 1H, 13C, 31P and 2D NMR spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and MSn spectrometry. In GWE1 strain, we were able to identify glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphate, glycerophosphoglycerol and cardiolipin lipid classes and an unknown glycerophospholipid class with novel MS/MS spectra pattern. We have also noticed the presence of saturated iso-branched fatty acids with NMR spectra in individual lipid classes. In case of I1P strain, we have identified glycerophosphoglycerol, glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphate, and acyl glycerophosphoglycerol lipid classes with unsaturated fatty acids in their structure, which could be one of the many reasons for survivability at lower temperatures. In case of 7L strain, we were able to identify glycerophosphoglycerol, cardiolipin, glycerophosphoethanolamine and glycerophosphate lipid classes with saturated iso branched fatty acids. FAME analysis revealed iso-15:0 (52.29 %) and iso-17:0 (18.64 %) as major fatty acyl chains. We did not observe major difference in polar head group composition of lipid classes between thermophiles (GWE1 and 7L) compare to psychrophiles (I1P). Major difference among these three strains was in fatty acid composition of lipid molecule. Both thermophiles showed presence of lipids with long chain saturated fatty acids while I1P showed presence of lipid molecule with unsaturated fatty acid chain. Lipids made of unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points and they introduce kink in the cell membrane structure. At lower temperatures, these effects allow membrane to maintain fluidity and its functionality, which in turn allows the microorganism to grow at lower temperature. Lipids made with saturated iso branched fatty acid chain have higher melting points and they pack together densely in cell membrane. At high temperature because of higher melting point and dense packing, membrane fluidity is not affected and this effect allows microorganism to grow at the higher temperature. We believe that change in fatty acid composition is one of the many reasons for these microorganisms to survive the extreme condition. Thermostability of the other macromolecules (DNA, enzyme) of these extremophiles is not studied in this dissertation.
Temple University--Theses

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鄺懿珩 and Yi-hang Agnes Kwong. "Lipid composition and lipases of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (nematoda: metastrongyloidea)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209208.

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Kwong, Yi-hang Agnes. "Lipid composition and lipases of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (nematoda: metastrongyloidea) /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12583273.

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Hitchcock, C. A. "Antifungal agents and membrane lipids of Candida albicans." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382567.

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Bolton-Smith, C. "The effect of dietary fats on membrane lipid composition and atherogenesis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254369.

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Charalambous, Kalypso Nicola. "The effect of lipid bilayer composition on small multidrug resistance transporters." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432740.

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Jamieson, Elizabeth Cherry. "Human brain lipid fatty acid composition in relation to infant diet." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1998. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/981/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1998.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, 1998. Research carried out in the Departments of Pathological Biochemistry and Child Health, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill NHS Trust. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

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Books on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Hagen, Wilhelm. Zur Bedeutung der Lipide im antarktischen Zooplankton =: On the significance of lipids in Antarctic zooplankton. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1988.

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The lipids of human milk. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1989.

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Food Colloids - Proteins, Lipids, and Polysaccharides (Conference) (1996 Ystad, Sweden). Food colloids: Proteins, lipids and polysaccharides. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 1997.

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Nīlaphaičhit, Čhitladā. Khwāmsamphan rawāng rūpbǣp kānbō̜riphōk ʻāhān kap satsūan khō̜ng rāngkāi læ radap khaiman nai lư̄at khō̜ng chāi Thai Mutsalim rawāng dư̄an thư̄sinʻot kap dư̄an thī maithư̄sinʻot: Karanīsưksā phanakngān rōngngān yāsūp = Relation between food consumption patterns and body composition and blood lipids in male Thai Muslims during Ramadan vs. non-Ramadan : a case study of employees in tobacco factory. [Nakhon Pathom]: Banditwitthayālai, Mahāwitthayālai Mahidon, 1997.

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Dutta, Paresh Chandra. Lipids in Daucus carota L. during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis: A compositional, ultrastructural andbiochemical study with emphasis on petroselinic acid in the triglycerols. Uppsala: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 1991.

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Salo, Pia. Fatty acid composition of serum lipid fractions in young children in a prospective randomised trial of low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet. Turku, Finland: University of Turku, 1999., 1999.

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Kamal-Eldin, Mohammed Salih Afaf. Seed oils of Sesamum indicum,L. and some wild relatives: A compositional study of the fatty acids, acyl lipids, sterols, tocopherols and lignans. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1993.

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The trans fat remedy: The first consumer guide to your family's biggest health threat. New York: Signet, 2004.

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International Conference on Fats and Oil Consumption in Health and Disease (2nd 1996 Dallas, Tex.). Second International Conference on Fats and Oil Consumption in Health and Disease: How we can optimize dietary composition to combat metabolic complications and decrease obesity : proceedings of a symposium held at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, April 22-23, 1996. Edited by Grundy Scott M. [Bethesda, MD: The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Shahidi, Fereidoon. "Prevention of Lipid Oxidation in Muscle Foods by Nitrite and Nitrite-Free Compositions." In ACS Symposium Series, 161–82. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1992-0500.ch010.

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Dahlin, Clas, Ian M. Møller, Hans Ryberg, and Anna Stina Sandelius. "Surface Charge Densities, Lipid Compositions and Fluidities of Thylakoid Membranes Showing Different Degrees of Stacking." In Current Research in Photosynthesis, 1773–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0511-5_405.

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Volkman, J. K., H. R. Burton, D. A. Everitt, and D. I. Allen. "Pigment and lipid compositions of algal and bacterial communities in Ace Lake, Vestfold Hills, Antarctica." In Biology of the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica, 41–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3089-6_5.

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Aurand, Leonard W., A. Edwin Woods, and Marion R. Wells. "Lipids." In Food Composition and Analysis, 178–231. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7398-6_5.

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Jensen, Robert G., and Richard W. Clark. "Lipid Composition and Properties." In Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry, 171–213. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7050-9_4.

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Gustavsson, M. H., L. Sandager, A. Dahlqvist, H. Ronne, and S. Stymne. "Lipid Composition in Yeast Mutant Lacking Storage Lipids Synthesis Capacity." In Advanced Research on Plant Lipids, 163–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0159-4_37.

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Shah, Rohan, Daniel Eldridge, Enzo Palombo, and Ian Harding. "Composition and Structure." In Lipid Nanoparticles: Production, Characterization and Stability, 11–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10711-0_2.

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Resemann, Hanno. "Lipid Composition of Physcomitrella patens." In Encyclopedia of Lipidomics, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_125-1.

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Popko, Jennifer. "Lipid Composition of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." In Encyclopedia of Lipidomics, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_126-1.

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Zienkiewicz, Krzysztof. "Lipid Composition of Cyanobacteria (Spec)." In Encyclopedia of Lipidomics, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7864-1_128-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Nguyen, Mary-Anne, and Stephen A. Sarles. "Microfluidic Generation, Encapsulation and Characterization of Asymmetric Droplet Interface Bilayers." In ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9034.

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Our research focuses on creating smart materials that utilize synthetic cell membranes assembled at liquid interfaces for autonomic sensing, actuation, and energy conversion. Unlike single membrane assemblies, systems featuring many membranes have the potential to offer multi-functionality, greater transduction sensitivity, and even emergent behaviors in response to environmental stimuli, similar to living tissue, which utilizes networks of highly packed cells to accomplish tasks. Here, we present for the first time a novel microfluidic platform capable of generating a stream of alternating droplet compositions, i.e. A-B-A-B, and sequentially capturing these droplets in precise locations to enable the spontaneous formation of synthetic lipid bilayers between droplets of different compositions (i.e. A and B) in an enclosed substrate. This platform preserves a key feature of the droplet interface bilayer (DIB) method, which allows asymmetric conditions within and across the membrane to be prescribed by simply using droplets containing different species. In this work, we demonstrate the ability to assemble bilayers consisting of asymmetric lipid compositions and, separately, show that alternating droplets containing the same lipid type can also be used to control the direction of ion channel insertion. In the first study, A and B droplet types contain liposomes comprised of different lipid types, which are used to establish an asymmetric composition of the leaflets that make up the lipid bilayer. This asymmetry results in a dc, non-zero membrane potential, which we measure via membrane capacitance versus bias voltage. In the second study, alamethicin peptides are included in only one of the droplet types, which enable voltage-dependent insertion to occur only at one polarity. Cyclic voltammetry measurements are performed to confirm the direction of insertion of alamethicin channels in bilayers. Also, these results show the ability to perform simultaneously electrical measurements on multiple DIB, which increases the experimental capacity and efficiency of a microfluidic approach. The ability to produce alternating droplets in a high throughput manner with electrical access provides a system to investigate the effects of lipid asymmetry on the function of membrane proteins in a controlled model system.

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Liu, C. H., V. Sriramoju, W. B. Wang, M. Frankfurt, N. D. Zadeh, and R. R. Alfano. "Study of lipid rich compositions in the intimal wall of aorta by Raman spectroscopy." In Biomedical Optics (BiOS) 2008, edited by Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Wolfgang Petrich, Robert R. Alfano, and Alvin Katz. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.767333.

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Venkatesan, Guru, and Andy Sarles. "Understanding Micro-Droplet Interface Bilayers for Developing Bioinspired Sensors." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3134.

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Droplet-based biomolecular arrays form the basis for a new class of bioinspired material system, whereby decreasing the sizes of the droplets and increasing the number of droplets can lead to higher functional density for the array. In this paper, we report on a non-microfluidic approach to form and connect nanoliter-to-femtoliter, lipid-coated aqueous droplets in oil to form micro-droplet interface bilayers (μDIBs). Two different modes of operation are reported for dispensing a wide range of droplet sizes (2–200μm radius). Due to the high surface-area-to-volume ratios of microdroplets at these length scales, droplet shrinking is prominent, which affects the stability and lifetime of the bilayer. To better quantify these effects, we measure the shrinkage rates for 8 different water droplet/oil compositions and study the effect of lipid placement and lipid type on morphological changes to μDIBs.

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Nguyen, Mary-Anne, Graham Taylor, and Stephen A. Sarles. "A Microfluidic Assembly and Simultaneous Interrogation of Networks of Asymmetric Biomimetic Membranes." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3878.

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In this study, we utilize a novel microfluidic device to perform simultaneous electrical interrogation of an array of droplet interface bilayers (DIB) that feature asymmetric phospholipid leaflet compositions. While asymmetry is vital to many cellular functions, it is has received very little attention in membrane-based engineered material systems for sensing, energy conversion, or actuation. This gap is due to challenges in constructing and interrogating networks of asymmetric membranes, limiting our understanding of how lipid asymmetry affects membrane active peptides, and vice versa. Our system overcomes these difficulties by enabling asymmetric membrane formation between many pairs of lipid-coated droplets in oil. We demonstrate its use in probing the interactions between alamethicin, a membrane-active peptide that forms voltage-induced ion channels, and asymmetric DPhPC:DOPhPC membranes, a choice that creates an intrinsic intramembrane potential of |137 mV| due to differences in their respective dipole potentials. Our experiments show that adding alamethicin peptides to one side of the membrane causes this inherent membrane potential to decrease over time, and it alters the value of external voltage that must be applied to drive alamethicin insertion for ion channel formation. These effects take place over the course of 1 to 5 hours after membrane formation, and both results are consistent with translocation and mixing of lipids across the leaflets of the membrane.

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Matthäus, Christian, Simona Pace, Andreas Koeberle, Oliver Werz, and Jürgen Popp. "Raman spectroscopic profiling of intracellular lipid compositions of macrophages induced in the vicinity of cancer cells (Conference Presentation)." In Biophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care, edited by Jürgen Popp, Valery V. Tuchin, and Francesco S. Pavone. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2307598.

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Lemma, Tibebe, Robert J. Forster, Tia E. Keyes, P. M. Champion, and L. D. Ziegler. "Monitoring Biomimetic Lipid Membrane Compositions And Structural Changes In Bound Protein On Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles Surfaces By Vibrational Spectroscopy." In XXII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3482291.

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Basham, Colin, Megan Pitz, Joseph Najem, Stephen Sarles, and Md Sakib Hasan. "Memcapacitive Devices in Neuromorphic Circuits via Polymeric Biomimetic Membranes." In ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2019-5648.

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Abstract Two-terminal adaptive materials and circuit elements that mimic the signal processing, learning, and computing capabilities of biological synapses are essential for next-generation computing systems. To this end, we have recently developed resistive (ion channel) and capacitive (lipid bilayer) memory elements that mimic the composition, structure, and plasticity of biological synapses. Unlike solid-state counterparts, these biomolecular systems are low-power, analog, less noisy, biocompatible, and capable of exhibiting multiple timescales of short-term synaptic plasticity. However, lipid membranes lack structural stability and modularity necessary for a long-lasting adaptive material system. To address this issue, we propose the replacement of phospholipids with amphiphilic polymers to create artificial membranes, which have been demonstrated to be more durable than phospholipids. With the focus on memory capacitors, we demonstrate that polymeric bilayers can exhibit pinched hysteresis in the Q-v plane because of voltage-induced geometrical changes. Further, we demonstrate that the memcapacitive response is altered based on the surrounding oil medium; smaller oil molecules are retained at higher volume in the membrane, so that thicker bilayers have lower nominal capacitance but can vary this value by over 400%. Finally, we present a physics-based model that enables us to predict the device’s areal voltage-dependent response. Polymeric bilayers represent a significant enhancement in the field of soft-matter, geometrically-reconfigurable memcapacitors, and their highly customizable compositions will allow for a finely tuned electrical response that has a future in brain-inspired materials and circuits.

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Hosomi, Ryota, Toshifumi Tanizaki, Shintaro Ikawa, Tadahiro Tsushima, Yoshihisa Misawa, Naomichi Baba, Munehiro Yoshida, and Kenji Fukunaga. "Effect of 6,9,12,15-Hexadecatetraenoic Acid (C16:4n-1)-Ethyl Ester on Lipid Contents and Fatty Acid Compositions in Blood and Organs of Mice." In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.532.

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Reed, Scott M., Min S. Wang, and Erica L. Curello. "Electrophoretic Mobility of Lipid Coated Nanoparticles: Understanding the Influence of Size and Charge on a Lipoprotein Particle Mimic." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64158.

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Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Although smaller LDL particles are more atherogenic, it is not clear how LDL particle size influences atherogenesis. Smaller particles may be more prone to macrophage uptake and plaque formation. Alternatively, increased rates of lipid oxidation may explain the atherogenic effects of smaller LDL. We have developed a mimic of LDL that allows independent examination of the effect of LDL size and oxidation. We have engineered LDL mimics using liposome-encapsulated gold nanoparticles, in which the size and surface charge are independently controlled during synthesis. Here we examine the effects of lipid composition on zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility of LDL mimics. Using these mimics, we explored the effect of the lipid coating on the nanoparticles including anionic lipids and oxidized lipids. Dynamic light scattering was used to determine the size of the mimics and gel electrophoresis was used to measure the mobility and calculate zeta potential. The charge of the lipid coating influenced the mobility and we anticipate this will influence how the mimics interacts with proteins.

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Prisco, D., P. G. Rogasi, R. Paniccia, A. Panetta, M. Coppo, and G. F. Gensini. "LIPID COMPOSITION OF PLATELETS FROM PATIENTS AFFECTED BY Ila HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644568.

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Platelets from patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (IIa HLP), a condition associated with high prevalence of atherosclerosis and of its thrombotic complications, are known to be hyperresponsive to aggregating stimuli and to synthesize increased amounts of thromboxane A2. In order to search if these functional alterations can depend on a different platelet lipid composition, we studied 12 young patients ( aged 20 to 34 years) affected by Ila HLP and 12 suitable controls with similar dietary habits. Lipids were extracted from washed platelets with a chloroform/methanol (2/1) mixture. After silicic acid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography different lipid fractions were eluted and fatty acid methylesters were prepared by acid transmethanolysis. The esters were extracted with hexane and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Different fatty acids were identified on the basis of retention time with respect to standard methylester mixtures and silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography. Cholesterol and lipid phosphorus were assayed by colorimetric methods. Both cholesterol and phospholipid content of platelets were higher in patients than in controls with a significant increase of cholesterol/ phospholipid molar ratio (p<0.05). The percentage content of the phospholipid fractions was not different from that of controls. On the contrary the proportion of saturated fatty acids esterified in the different phospholipid fractions was significantly increased (minimum p<0.05). In addition thromboxane A2 production by platelets from patients with Ila HLP was higher than in controls (<0.001). Our results indicate that lipid composition of platelets from patients with Ila HLP is altered and may be responsible for the enhanced platelet activity described in these patients.

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Reports on the topic "Lipid compositions"

Goad, Linda S. Influence of Lipid Composition in Amplifying or Ameliorating Toxicant Effects on Phytoplankton. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250715.

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Lonergan, Steven M., Rodney Goodwin, Elisabeth J. Huff-Lonergan, Kenneth J. Stalder, Kenneth J. Prusa, Travis J. Knight, and Donald C. Beitz. Classification of Pork Loin Based on Lipid Composition to Predict Sensory and Textual Properties. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1228.

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Zakrevskiy, V. I., and N. G. Plekhanova. Study of Protective Properties of Antigen-Containing Liposomes of Varying Lipid Composition in Plague. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada241778.

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Amari, Taoufik, Manel Taamalli, and Chedly Abdelly. The Effect of Nickel on Membrane Integrity and Lipid Composition in Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (halophyte) and Brassica juncea. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.09.17.

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David C. White. NABIR Assessment Element, Expanded Rapid, Comprehensive, Lipid Biomarker Analysis for Subsurface, Community Composition and Nutritional/Physiological Status as Monitors of Remediation and Detoxification Effectiveness. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850194.

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