Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lipid biomarkers

Academic literature on the topic 'Lipid biomarkers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 May 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Lipid biomarkers.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

Wei, Justin, Li Chin Wong, and Sebastian Boland. "Lipids as Emerging Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 1 (December 21, 2023): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010131.

Full text

Abstract:

Biomarkers are molecules that can be used to observe changes in an individual’s biochemical or medical status and provide information to aid diagnosis or treatment decisions. Dysregulation in lipid metabolism in the brain is a major risk factor for many neurodegenerative disorders, including frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thus, there is a growing interest in using lipids as biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases, with the anionic phospholipid bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate and (glyco-)sphingolipids being the most promising lipid classes thus far. In this review, we provide a general overview of lipid biology, provide examples of abnormal lysosomal lipid metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss how these insights might offer novel and promising opportunities in biomarker development and therapeutic discovery. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of lipid biomarkers and biomarker panels in diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment response in the clinic.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zarrouk, Amira, Meryam Debbabi, Maryem Bezine, El Mostafa Karym, Asmaa Badreddine, Olivier Rouaud, Thibault Moreau, et al. "Lipid Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease." Current Alzheimer Research 15, no. 4 (February 22, 2018): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205014666170505101426.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: There are now significant evidences that lipid metabolism is affected in numerous neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. These dysfunctions lead to abnormal levels of certain lipids in the brain, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. It is consequently of interest to establish lipid profiles in neurodegenerative diseases. This approach, which can contribute to identify lipid biomarkers of Alzheimers' disease, can also permit to identify new therapeutic targets. It was therefore of interest to focus on central and peripheral biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease. Methods: A review of the literature on 148 papers was conducted. Based on this literature, the involvement of lipids (cholesterol and oxysterols, fatty acids, phospholipids) in Alzheimer's disease has been proposed. Results: Of the 148 references cited for lipid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, 65 refer to cholesterol and oxysterols, 35 to fatty acids and 40 to phospholipids. Among these lipids, some of them such as 24S-hydroxyckolesterol, open up new therapeutic perspectives in gene therapy, in particular. The results on the very long-chain fatty acids suggest the potential of peroxisomal dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease. As for the phospholipids, they could constitute interesting biomarkers for detecting the disease at the prodromal stage. Conclusion: There are now several lines of evidence that lipids play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of AD and that some of them have a prognostic and diagnosis value. This may pave the way for the identification of new therapeutic targets, new effective drugs and / or new treatments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Zorkina, Yana, Valeria Ushakova, Aleksandra Ochneva, Anna Tsurina, Olga Abramova, Valeria Savenkova, Anna Goncharova, et al. "Lipids in Psychiatric Disorders: Functional and Potential Diagnostic Role as Blood Biomarkers." Metabolites 14, no. 2 (January 23, 2024): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14020080.

Full text

Abstract:

Lipids are a crucial component of the human brain, serving important structural and functional roles. They are involved in cell function, myelination of neuronal projections, neurotransmission, neural plasticity, energy metabolism, and neuroinflammation. Despite their significance, the role of lipids in the development of mental disorders has not been well understood. This review focused on the potential use of lipids as blood biomarkers for common mental illnesses, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. This review also discussed the impact of commonly used psychiatric medications, such as neuroleptics and antidepressants, on lipid metabolism. The obtained data suggested that lipid biomarkers could be useful for diagnosing psychiatric diseases, but further research is needed to better understand the associations between blood lipids and mental disorders and to identify specific biomarker combinations for each disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

SERAFIM, Patricia Valeria Pereira, Adiel Goes de FIGUEIREDO JR, Aledson Vitor FELIPE, Edson Guimaraes Lo TURCO, Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da SILVA, and Nora Manoukian FORONES. "STUDY OF LIPID BIOMARKERS OF PATIENTS WITH POLYPS AND COLORECTAL CÂNCER." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 56, no. 4 (October 2019): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-80.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer worldwide. Early diagnostic methods using serum biomarkers are required. The study of omics, most recently lipidomics, has the purpose of analyzing lipids for a better understanding of human lipidoma. The evolution of mass spectrometry methods, such as MALDI-MS technology, has enabled the detection and identification of a wide variety of lipids with great potential to open new avenues for predictive and preventive medicine. OBJECTIVE: To determine the lipid profile of patients with colorectal cancer and polyps. METHODS: Patients with stage I-III CRC, adenomatous polyps and individuals with normal colonoscopy were selected. All patients underwent peripheral blood collection for lipid extraction. The samples were analyzed by MALDI-MS technique for lipid identification. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Univariate and multivariate (principal component analysis [PCA] and discriminant analysis by partial least squares [PLS-DA]) analyses workflows were applied to the dataset, using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 software. The ions were identified according to the class of lipids using the online database Lipid Maps (http://www.lipidmaps.org). RESULTS: We included 88 individuals, 40 with CRC, 12 with polyps and 32 controls. Boxplot analysis showed eight VIP ions in the three groups. Differences were observed between the cancer and control groups, as well as between cancer and polyp, but not between polyps and control. The polyketide (810.1) was the lipid represented in cancer and overrepresented in polyp and control. Among the patients with CRC we observed differences between lipids with lymph node invasion (N1-2) compared to those without lymph node invasion (N). CONCLUSION: Possible lipid biomarkers were identified among cancer patients compared to control and polyp groups. The polyketide lipid (810.1) was the best biomarker to differentiate the cancer group from control and polyp. We found no difference between the biomarkers in the polyp group in relation to the control.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Hu, Chanchan, Luyang Chen, Yi Fan, Zhifeng Lin, Xuwei Tang, Yuan Xu, Yiming Zeng, and Zhijian Hu. "The Landscape of Lipid Metabolism in Lung Cancer: The Role of Structural Profiling." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 5 (February 21, 2023): 1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051736.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between lipids with different structural features and lung cancer (LC) risk and identify prospective biomarkers of LC. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to screen for differential lipids, and two machine learning methods were used to define combined lipid biomarkers. A lipid score (LS) based on lipid biomarkers was calculated, and a mediation analysis was performed. A total of 605 lipid species spanning 20 individual lipid classes were identified in the plasma lipidome. Higher carbon atoms with dihydroceramide (DCER), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphoinositols (PI) presented a significant negative correlation with LC. Point estimates revealed the inverse associated with LC for the n-3 PUFA score. Ten lipids were identified as markers with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.947 (95%, CI: 0.879–0.989). In this study, we summarized the potential relationship between lipid molecules with different structural features and LC risk, identified a panel of LC biomarkers, and demonstrated that the n-3 PUFA of the acyl chain of lipids was a protective factor for LC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Gibson, Larry R., and Paul W. Bohn. "Non-aqueous microchip electrophoresis for characterization of lipid biomarkers." Interface Focus 3, no. 3 (June 6, 2013): 20120096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2012.0096.

Full text

Abstract:

In vivo measurements of lipid biomarkers are hampered by their low solubility in aqueous solution, which limits the choices for molecular separations. Here, we introduce non-aqueous microchip electrophoretic separations of lipid mixtures performed in three-dimensional hybrid nanofluidic/microfluidic polymeric devices. Electrokinetic injection is used to reproducibly introduce discrete femtolitre to picolitre volumes of charged lipids into a separation microchannel containing low (100 μM–10 mM) concentration tetraalkylammonium tetraphenylborate background electrolyte (BGE) in N -methylformamide, supporting rapid electro-osmotic fluid flow in polydimethylsiloxane microchannels. The quality of the resulting electrophoretic separations depends on the voltage and timing of the injection pulse, the BGE concentration and the electric field strength. Injected volumes increase with longer injection pulse widths and higher injection pulse amplitudes. Separation efficiency, as measured by total plate number, N , increases with increasing electric field and with decreasing BGE concentration. Electrophoretic separations of binary and ternary lipid mixtures were achieved with high resolution ( R s ∼ 5) and quality ( N > 7.7 × 10 6 plates m −1 ). Rapid in vivo monitoring of lipid biomarkers requires high-quality separation and detection of lipids downstream of microdialysis sample collection, and the multilayered non-aqueous microfluidic devices studied here offer one possible avenue to swiftly process complex lipid samples. The resulting capability may make it possible to correlate oxidative stress with in vivo lipid biomarker levels.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Toft-Bertelsen, Trine L., Søren Norge Andreassen, Nina Rostgaard, Markus Harboe Olsen, Nicolas H. Norager, Tenna Capion, Marianne Juhler, and Nanna MacAulay. "Distinct Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipid Signature in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Hydrocephalus." Biomedicines 11, no. 9 (August 23, 2023): 2360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092360.

Full text

Abstract:

Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may develop posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), which is treated with surgical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. This diversion is associated with risk of infection and shunt failure. Biomarkers for PHH etiology, CSF dynamics disturbances, and potentially subsequent shunt dependency are therefore in demand. With the recent demonstration of lipid-mediated CSF hypersecretion contributing to PHH, exploration of the CSF lipid signature in relation to brain pathology is of interest. Despite being a relatively new addition to the omic’s landscape, lipidomics are increasingly recognized as a tool for biomarker identification, as they provide a comprehensive overview of lipid profiles in biological systems. We here employ an untargeted mass spectroscopy-based platform and reveal the complete lipid profile of cisternal CSF from healthy control subjects and demonstrate its bimodal fluctuation with age. Various classes of lipids, in addition to select individual lipids, were elevated in the ventricular CSF obtained from patients with SAH during placement of an external ventricular drain. The lipidomic signature of the CSF in the patients with SAH suggests dysregulation of the lipids in the CSF in this patient group. Our data thereby reveal possible biomarkers present in a brain pathology with a hemorrhagic event, some of which could be potential future biomarkers for hypersecretion contributing to ventriculomegaly and thus pharmacological targets for pathologies involving disturbed CSF dynamics.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

McGranaghan, Peter, Jennifer A. Kirwan, Mariel A. Garcia-Rivera, Burkert Pieske, Frank Edelmann, Florian Blaschke, Sandeep Appunni, et al. "Lipid Metabolite Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: Discovery and Biomechanism Translation from Human Studies." Metabolites 11, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11090621.

Full text

Abstract:

Lipids represent a valuable target for metabolomic studies since altered lipid metabolism is known to drive the pathological changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolomic technologies give us the ability to measure thousands of metabolites providing us with a metabolic fingerprint of individual patients. Metabolomic studies in humans have supported previous findings into the pathomechanisms of CVD, namely atherosclerosis, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. The most widely studied classes of lipid metabolite biomarkers in CVD are phospholipids, sphingolipids/ceramides, glycolipids, cholesterol esters, fatty acids, and acylcarnitines. Technological advancements have enabled novel strategies to discover individual biomarkers or panels that may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD, with sphingolipids/ceramides as the most promising class of biomarkers thus far. In this review, application of metabolomic profiling for biomarker discovery to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD as well as metabolic abnormalities in CVD will be discussed with particular emphasis on lipid metabolites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Franco, Jackeline, Bartek Rajwa, Paulo Gomes, and Harm HogenEsch. "Local and Systemic Changes in Lipid Profile as Potential Biomarkers for Canine Atopic Dermatitis." Metabolites 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11100670.

Full text

Abstract:

Lipids play a critical role in the skin as components of the epidermal barrier and as signaling and antimicrobial molecules. Atopic dermatitis in dogs is associated with changes in the lipid composition of the skin, but whether these precede or follow the onset of dermatitis is unclear. We applied rapid lipid-profiling mass spectrometry to skin and blood of 30 control and 30 atopic dogs. Marked differences in lipid profiles were observed between control, nonlesional, and lesional skin. The lipid composition of blood from control and atopic dogs was different, indicating systemic changes in lipid metabolism. Female and male dogs differed in the degree of changes in the skin and blood lipid profiles. Treatment with oclacitinib or lokivetmab ameliorated the skin condition and caused changes in skin and blood lipids. A set of lipid features of the skin was selected as a biomarker that classified samples as control or atopic dermatitis with 95% accuracy, whereas blood lipids discriminated between control and atopic dogs with 90% accuracy. These data suggest that canine atopic dermatitis is a systemic disease and support the use of rapid lipid profiling to identify novel biomarkers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Sagini, Krizia, Lorena Urbanelli, Sandra Buratta, Carla Emiliani, and Alicia Llorente. "Lipid Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsies: Novel Opportunities for Cancer Diagnosis." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 2 (January 28, 2023): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020437.

Full text

Abstract:

Altered cellular metabolism is a well-established hallmark of cancer. Although most studies have focused on the metabolism of glucose and glutamine, the upregulation of lipid metabolism is also frequent in cells undergoing oncogenic transformation. In fact, cancer cells need to meet the enhanced demand of plasma membrane synthesis and energy production to support their proliferation. Moreover, lipids are precursors of signaling molecules, termed lipid mediators, which play a role in shaping the tumor microenvironment. Recent methodological advances in lipid analysis have prompted studies aimed at investigating the whole lipid content of a sample (lipidome) to unravel the complexity of lipid changes in cancer patient biofluids. This review focuses on the application of mass spectrometry-based lipidomics for the discovery of cancer biomarkers. Here, we have summarized the main lipid alteration in cancer patients’ biofluids and uncovered their potential use for the early detection of the disease and treatment selection. We also discuss the advantages of using biofluid-derived extracellular vesicles as a platform for lipid biomarker discovery. These vesicles have a molecular signature that is a fingerprint of their originating cells. Hence, the analysis of their molecular cargo has emerged as a promising strategy for the identification of sensitive and specific biomarkers compared to the analysis of the unprocessed biofluid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

Blyth, Alison. "Lipid biomarkers in speleothems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435638.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Fullarton, J. Gregor. "Lipid biomarkers in marine symbiotic systems." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384931.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kneeland, Jessie M. (Jessie Mary). "Lipid biomarkers of coral stress : calibration and exploration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68888.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Corals are increasingly threatened by warming sea surface temperatures and other anthropogenic changes. The delicate symbiosis between corals and their algal endosymbionts (zooxanthellae) is easily disrupted by thermal stress, leading to bleaching and eventual mortality. The use of lipid ratios as biomarkers of environmental conditions is well established. Coral biomass contains abundant lipids, and the potential of lipid parameters to diagnose thermal tolerance in zooxanthellae has been previously suggested. In this thesis, I explore the response of specific fatty acids, sterols, and thylakoid membrane lipids to thermal and disease stress in zooxanthellae grown in culture, as well as those isolated from living corals. I present the discovery of a bioactive thylakoid lipid within zooxanthellae cells, and show how this compound is selectively mobilized in thermally stressed cells. I present a plausible mechanism for the breakdown of this compound into products that may cause apoptosis and disrupt the coral-algal symbiosis, eventually causing bleaching. I present two new lipid biomarkers of thermal stress in zooxanthellae, the C18 fatty acid unsaturation ratio, and the fatty acid to sterol ratio. I calibrate the decline of these two parameters to levels of thermal stress comparable to those needed to cause bleaching. I further show that these parameters are sensitive to pathogen stress as well. In several case studies of diseased and thermally stressed corals, I demonstrate that these lipid biomarkers of coral stress may be applied to zooxanthellae isolated from environmental samples. I show that these same compounds are preserved within coral aragonite, which opens up the potential to retrieve lipid-based historical records of coral health from annual layers of coral skeleton. This work demonstrates the value of using lipid biomarkers to assess coral health and better understand the biochemical mechanisms of coral bleaching.
by Jessie Mary Kneeland.
Ph.D.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Vereb, Heather A. "Biomarkers of Lipid Oxidation in the Oral Cavity." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76887.

Full text

Abstract:

Measuring lipid oxidation is useful as a means of monitoring oxidative stress, such as that induced by clinical conditions or environmental exposure. Characteristic volatile compounds, often with low threshold odors, are secondary products of lipid oxidation reactions. Metallic flavor in food and beverages has been linked with oxidation of lipids in the oral cavity. Breath, an emerging medium for analysis of internal condition, is one means of measuring the metal-induced lipid oxidation responsible for this flavor. This project analyzes the breath of human subjects, as well as lipid oxidation of in vitro samples to identify compounds responsible for producing metallic flavor, which result from the oxidation of lipids in the oral cavity. Because these analytes are found at extremely low (picomolar to nanomolar) concentrations, preconcentration of samples prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis is crucial. This study utilizes both solid phase microextraction (SPME) and micromachined silicon micropreconcentrators to concentrate compounds in breath to optimize analysis.
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Creegan, Rhona. "Identification of plasma lipid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1340.

Full text

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the commonest form of dementia, is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease which manifests clinically as a slow global decline in cognitive function, including deterioration of memory, reasoning, abstraction, language and emotional stability, culminating in a patient with end-stage disease, totally dependent on custodial care. With an ageing population, there is predicted to be a marked increase in the number of people diagnosed with AD in the coming decades, making this a significant challenge to socio-economic policy and aged care. Currently there is no cure for AD and while current therapies may temporarily ameliorate symptoms, death usually occurs approximately 8 years after diagnosis. Attention is now being directed to the discovery of biomarkers that may not only facilitate pre-symptomatic diagnosis but provide an insight into aberrant biochemical pathways that may reveal potential therapeutic targets. AD pathogenesis develops over many years before clinical symptoms appear, providing the opportunity to develop therapy that could slow or stop disease progression well before any clinical manifestations develop. Research and understanding of AD pathology has been driven in recent years by advances in technologies, enabling the precise investigation of the lipidome; the repertoire of lipid species present in cells and tissues that reflect the net effect of gene and protein expression, which in turn are influenced by the cellular environment. Lipidomic studies have identified abnormal lipid metabolism as a key component of the pathological processes which lead to the development of AD. Therefore, lipidomic studies are crucial for advancing the understanding of AD pathology and for identifying potential therapeutic targets; these studies may also facilitate biomarker discovery. Many studies have reported abnormal lipid profiles in both AD plasma and brain tissue. This thesis investigated plasma lipid species using a “shotgun” lipidomics approach by electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS). Additionally, Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP); a protein involved in lipid metabolism was assayed using a commercial kit. The utility of these analytes as potential AD biomarkers was investigated by testing plasma samples from the highly characterised Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study. The study cohort comprised over 1000 participants at inception who were classified as either healthy control (n=733), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n=125) or AD (n=204): Samples from the baseline and 18 month follow-up time points were utilised. Plasma PLTP activity levels were measured in a subset of the baseline samples (n=259). Lipid and PLTP measurements were analysed in conjunction with supplementary neuroimaging and blood biomarker data collected as part of the AIBL study. The thesis identified significant differences in several plasma lipids between clinical classification groups, including several ceramide, sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and plasmalogen species. Additionally, a panel of lipids was identified which could distinguish AD participants from healthy controls with a sensitivity and specificity of 80%. Plasma PLTP activity was significantly lower in AD and MCI groups compared to healthy controls, and levels correlated with plasma Aβ in all groups and cerebral Aβ in the healthy controls. The results of this thesis validate and extend previous findings reported in the literature. The current findings provide evidence to indicate that several lipid species and PLTP show promise as potential blood biomarkers of AD. Further investigation using a targeted lipidomics platform and prospective longitudinal follow-up is warranted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Redman, Janet Elaine. "Lipid Biomarkers and the Detection of Ancient Mycobacterial Disease." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Almohmedhusain, Awal. "Lipid associated biomarkers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/lipid-associated-biomarkers-in-patients-withsystemic-lupus-erythematosus-andrheumatoid-arthritis(e62f01eb-debe-4510-9489-13f05249dbc1).html.

Full text

Abstract:

Patients with chronic inflammatory conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience premature cardiovascular mortality and morbidity compared with the general population. The increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) may in part, result from an interaction between traditional and non-traditional risk factors, modulated by chronic inflammation. The aim of this project was to look at lipid associated biomarkers in patients with SLE/RA and the association between these markers and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We also aimed to study the effect of inflammation reduction on vascular biomarkers. In the first study we examined 168 SLE patients median (IQR) age was 53 (46-61) years and median disease duration 13 (7, 23) years and 56 healthy controls median age 50 (39-60) years. We demonstrated elevated level of oxidised-LDLin SLE patients compared with healthy controls (76 (57, 99) U/l vs 56 (42, 88)U/l P= 0.02). We further explored the association between oxidant stress and premature atherosclerosis as measured by carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and plaque. In addition to age and systolic blood pressure, oxidised-LDL and urinary 8-isoprostane were significantly and independently associated with cIMTin SLE patients _ coefficient 95%CI [0.00007 (5.29−6, 0.0001) and 0.003 (0.0008,0.004)], respectively. In healthy controls, age was the only independent variable. In the Norfolk Arthritis Register, 1266 patients with early inflammatory polyarthritis (IP) were studied. A linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative association between CRP and lipid profile namely TC, LDL, TG and ApoA-1. During a median (IQR) follow up = 5.5 (3.7-7.7) years 100 (7%) patients died (all causes) of which 33% (33) deaths were attributed to CVD. Forward stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that a low total cholesterol was independently associated with all cause mortality HR (95%CI) 0.75 (0.61, 0.91) and CVD mortality HR (95%CI) 0.49 (0.29, 0.85). In a small cohort 27 SLE patients and 15 healthy controls. We measured endothelial function using flow mediated dilatation of the brachial artery. At baseline we found a significant increase in TG level [1.36 (0.9, 1.87) mmol/l vs0.88 (0.64, 1) mmol/l P= 0.009] and a significant impaired endothelial function in SLE patients compared to the healthy controls [2.86 (0.6, 5.3) vs 6.81 (3.46,8.57), P= 0.03]. After treatment, there was a trend towards reduced TG level and improved endothelial function. Oxidised-LDL did not change significantly. In conclusion, oxidant stress is increased in SLE patients and relates to some measures of subclinical atherosclerosis. Control of inflammation may not be sufficient to completely control this in routine practice. In early RA, active inflammationmay mask any tendency to hyperlipidemia in this population. Low total cholesterol may be the best biomarker of the overall metabolic and inflammatory status of the patients as well as indicating a group with increased risk of future mortality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Duce, Caroline. "Fine scale survey of metals, nutrients and lipid biomarkers in the Conwy Estuary." Thesis, Bangor University, 2018. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/fine-scale-survey-of-metals-nutrients-and-lipid-biomarkers-in-the-conwy-estuary(cd62bdc4-20b9-40fa-896e-02db482ca849).html.

Full text

Abstract:

The environmental quality of coastal ecosystems is an issue of growing international attention. Estuarine organic matter is derived from a multitude of natural and anthropogenic allochthonous and autochthonous sources that originate across a freshwater continuum. Various point and diffuse sources, such as discharges of treated and untreated sewage as well as urban and agricultural run-off, contribute significantly to the deterioration of the water and sediment quality of aquatic ecosystems. The EU Water Framework Directive requires all surface waters to fulfil the criterion of “good ecological status” by the end of 2021, this status is defined with reference to undisturbed conditions. Within heavily impacted coastal areas with no prior monitoring of baseline data assessing these reference conditions will be inherently difficult. Understanding near-pristine conditions within estuaries provides reference sites for assessing natural variability of organic and inorganic chemical parameters which in turn will provide baseline conditions for management to allow them to distinguish between changes caused by human and those that are natural. A fine scale survey of metals, nutrients and lipid biomarkers was investigated within an estuary that was perceived to be of relatively pristine condition. The data obtained has been used to assess existing models that aimed to define elevated versus baseline concentrations. The majority of the data focused on the sediment fraction due to its importance as a historic sink of organic and inorganic compounds which in turn enables an understanding of the potential inputs from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Regional geochemical baseline models were constructed for metals and nutrients to enable an understanding whether the organic and inorganic compounds were from natural or anthropogenic origins. The lipid biomarkers were utilised to establish the origin of the organic matter. Within the Conwy estuary there were a number of locations that yielded higher concentrations that were deemed above background levels, these have been discussed to highlight potential sources of contamination. A proportion of locations sampled fell below those that were deemed enriched for metals, nutrients and lipids resulting in concentration ranges of pristine conditions which other contaminated estuaries can refer to.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Pearson, Emma Jane. "Lipid biomarkers in Spanish saline lake sediments : indicators of organic inputs and environmental change." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397054.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Coffinet, Sarah. "Validation and application of lipid biomarkers to reconstruct past environmental changes in East Africa." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066500/document.

Full text

Abstract:

La Province Volcanique du Rungwe (PVR) en Afrique de l’Est abrite diverses archives continentales (séquence de loess-paléosols, tourbières, lacs) permettant d’étudier les changements environnementaux passés des zones tropicales continentales. Ce travail s’est intéressé à l’applicabilité des alkyl tetraéthers de glycérol (tetraéthers) et des n-alcanes comme biomarqueurs de ces changements passés. Leur analyse le long de transects altitudinaux a permis de rendre compte de la capacité des tetraéthers à enregistrer de faibles changements de température de l’air dans la région. En conséquence, une calibration régionale a été établie afin d’améliorer les reconstructions de température de l’air en Afrique de l’Est. Au contraire, il est apparu que la composition isotopique de l’hydrogène des n-alcanes (δ²Hwax) était impactée par des paramètres physiques et biologiques supplémentaires ce qui complique son utilisation pour suivre les changements de température à l’échelle régionale. L’étude des variations de ces deux biomarqueurs le long d’une carotte de tourbe et d’une carotte de sédiment lacustre prélevées dans la PVR a révélé l’existence synchrone d’une période climatique plus chaude au cours de l’Holocène tardif. Par ailleurs, il a été observé dans la carotte de tourbe une transition d’un lac à une tourbière il y a ca. 2000 ans BP. Le présent travail démontre donc que les tetraéthers et les n-alcanes sont des biomarqueurs prometteurs, notamment parce qu’ils sont sensibles à de faibles variation climatiques ; cependant, afin de les interpréter correctement, il est nécessaire d’adopter une approche multi-marqueurs
The Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP) in East Africa offers a wide diversity of continental archives (loess-paleosols sequences, peatlands, lakes), allowing the investigation of past environmental changes in tropical continents. This work focused on the validation of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether- (GDGT) and n-alkane-derived proxies. Analyses of these two biomarkers along altitudinal transects allowed assessing their ability to record temperature changes in the region. GDGTs were found to be robust temperature proxies in East Africa, and a regional calibration was established to improve temperature reconstructions from soil archives. In contrast, investigation of n-alkane hydrogen isotopic composition (δ²Hwax) in surface soils revealed that its variations seemed to be impacted by additional biological and physical parameters than temperature, preventing its generalization at a regional scale. Application of GDGT and n-alkane proxies to continental archives revealed past environmental changes over the Late Holocene in the RVP. A late Holocene synchronous temperature maximum was especially observed in a peat core and sediment core from two sites of the RVP. A multi-proxy approach was applied to the peat core, revealing that an ecosystem change from a lake to a peatland occurred ca. 2000 yrs BP ago. The present work showed that GDGTs and n-alkanes are promising biomarkers because of their sensitivity to slight climate variations, but that they need to be combined with other proxies to accurately reconstruct environmental changes

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Books on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

Babu, Uma S., and Paddy L. Wiesenfeld. Interactions of rice components and obesity-lipid biomarkers and immune function. Trivandrum, Kerala, India: Transworld Research Network, 2007.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Curtin, Lorelei. Climate and Human History of the North Atlantic: Perspectives from Lipid Biomarkers in Lake Sediments. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2021.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mudge, Stephen M. Lipid Biomarkers: Rsc. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2015.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Love, Gordon D., and J. Alex Zumberge. Emerging Patterns in Proterozoic Lipid Biomarker Records. Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Love, Gordon D., and J. Alex Zumberge. Emerging Patterns in Proterozoic Lipid Biomarker Records. Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Love, Gordon D., and J. Alex Zumberge. Emerging Patterns in Proterozoic Lipid Biomarker Records. Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

O’Flaherty, Martin, Susanna Sans-Menendez, Simon Capewell, and Torben Jørgensen. Epidemiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: scope of the problem and its determinants. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0001.

Full text

Abstract:

The epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the twentieth century prompted many population-based surveys. Now, a huge number of epidemiological studies provide a clear picture of the risk for CVD. Approximately 80% of CVD can be explained by smoking, high blood pressure, and deterioration of lipid and glucose metabolism, the two latter mediated through an unhealthy diet (high intake of salt, saturated fat, and refined sugar) and physical inactivity. A causal web for CVD shows that the influence is seen throughout the life course, and that ‘upstream‘ factors like socioeconomic status, health policies, and industrial influences all have a powerful impact on the more downstream parameters like lifestyle and biomarkers. This emphasizes that population-level interventions represent the most effective options for future strategies for the prevention of CVD.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Badimon, Lina, and Gemma Vilahur. Atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0040_update_001.

Full text

Abstract:

Atherosclerosis is the main underlying cause of heart disease. The continuous exposure to cardiovascular risk factors induces endothelial activation/dysfunction which enhances the permeability of the endothelial layer and the expression of cytokines/chemokines and adhesion molecules. This results in the accumulation of lipids (low-density lipoprotein particles) in the intimal layer and the triggering of an inflammatory response. Accumulated low-density lipoprotein particles attached to the extracellular matrix suffer modifications and become pro-atherogenic, enhancing leucocyte recruitment and further transmigration across the endothelium into the intima. Infiltrated pro-atherogenic monocytes (mainly Mon2) differentiate into macrophages which acquire a specialized phenotypic polarization (protective/M1 or harmful/M2), depending on the stage of the atherosclerosis progression. Once differentiated, macrophages upregulate pattern recognition receptors capable of engulfing modified low-density lipoprotein, leading to foam cell formation. Foam cells release growth factors and cytokines that promote vascular smooth muscle cell migration into the intima, which then internalize low-density lipoproteins via low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 receptors becoming foam cells. As the plaque evolves, the number of vascular smooth muscle cells decline, whereas the presence of fragile/haemorrhagic neovessels and calcium deposits increases, promoting plaque destabilization. Disruption of this atherosclerotic lesion exposes thrombogenic surfaces rich in tissue factor that initiate platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation, as well as thrombin generation. Platelets also participate in leucocyte and progenitor cell recruitment are likely to mediate atherosclerosis progression. Recent data attribute to microparticles a modulatory effect in the overall atherothrombotic process and evidence their potential use as systemic biomarkers of thrombus growth. This chapter reviews our current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atherogenesis, highlights platelet contribution to thrombosis and atherosclerosis progression, and provides new insights into how atherothrombosis may be prevented and modulated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Badimon, Lina, and Gemma Vilahur. Atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0040_update_002.

Full text

Abstract:

Atherosclerosis is the main underlying cause of heart disease. The continuous exposure to cardiovascular risk factors induces endothelial activation/dysfunction which enhances the permeability of the endothelial layer and the expression of cytokines/chemokines and adhesion molecules. This results in the accumulation of lipids (low-density lipoprotein particles) in the intimal layer and the triggering of an inflammatory response. Accumulated low-density lipoprotein particles attached to the extracellular matrix suffer modifications and become pro-atherogenic, enhancing leucocyte recruitment and further transmigration across the endothelium into the intima. Infiltrated pro-atherogenic monocytes (mainly Mon2) differentiate into macrophages which acquire a specialized phenotypic polarization (protective/M1 or harmful/M2), depending on the stage of the atherosclerosis progression. Once differentiated, macrophages upregulate pattern recognition receptors capable of engulfing modified low-density lipoprotein, leading to foam cell formation. Foam cells release growth factors and cytokines that promote vascular smooth muscle cell migration into the intima, which then internalize low-density lipoproteins via low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 receptors becoming foam cells. As the plaque evolves, the number of vascular smooth muscle cells decline, whereas the presence of fragile/haemorrhagic neovessels and calcium deposits increases, promoting plaque destabilization. Disruption of this atherosclerotic lesion exposes thrombogenic surfaces rich in tissue factor that initiate platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation, as well as thrombin generation. Platelets also participate in leucocyte and progenitor cell recruitment are likely to mediate atherosclerosis progression. Recent data attribute to microparticles a modulatory effect in the overall atherothrombotic process and evidence their potential use as systemic biomarkers of thrombus growth. This chapter reviews our current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atherogenesis, highlights platelet contribution to thrombosis and atherosclerosis progression, and provides new insights into how atherothrombosis may be prevented and modulated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

Potcoava, Mariana C., Gregory L. Futia, Emily A. Gibson, and Isabel R. Schlaepfer. "Raman Microscopy Techniques to Study Lipid Droplet Composition in Cancer Cells." In Cancer Biomarkers, 193–209. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1896-7_20.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Khuseyinova, Natalie, and Wolfgang Koenig. "Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 and Other Lipid-Related Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease." In Cardiovascular Biomarkers, 519–42. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-051-5_30.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Atanassova, Irena, Harizanova Milena, and Martin Banov. "Free Lipid Biomarkers in Anthropogenic Soils." In Soil Health Restoration and Management, 321–55. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8570-4_9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Bibi, Naheed, Marriam Yamin, Almas Taj Awan, Khalid Ahmad, and Rozina Khattak. "Lipid Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Diagnostics." In Breast Cancer: From Bench to Personalized Medicine, 235–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0197-3_11.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Quispe, Renato, Seth S. Martin, and Steven R. Jones. "Newer Lipid Markers: Apolipoprotein B, LDL Particle Concentration, and Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins – When Are They Needed?" In Cardiac Biomarkers, 145–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42982-3_12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Heipieper, H. J. "Isolation and Analysis of Lipids, Biomarkers." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 3743–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_293.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Tunlid, Anders, and David C. White. "Use of Lipid Biomarkers in Environmental Samples." In Analytical Microbiology Methods, 259–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3564-9_16.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Milatovic, Dejan, and Michael Aschner. "Neuronal Oxidative Injury and Biomarkers of Lipid Peroxidation." In Neuromethods, 349–63. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-077-5_17.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

De Felice, Claudio, Cinzia Signorini, Silvia Leoncini, Alessandra Pecorelli, Thierry Durand, Jean-Marie Galano, Camille Oger, et al. "Biomarkers of Lipid Oxidative Damage in Rett Syndrome." In Comprehensive Guide to Autism, 2617–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7_197.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Ashley, Judith M. "Lipid Biomarkers of Adherence to Low Fat Diets." In Dietary Fats, Lipids, Hormones, and Tumorigenesis, 115–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1151-5_9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

van Maldegem, Lennart, Christian Hallmann, and Jochen Brocks. "The Curious Case of post-Snowball Lipid Biomarkers." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2665.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Jacob, J., C. Gauthier, and L. Bruxelles. "Lipid Biomarkers Archived in Guano Accumulations from French Caves." In IMOG 2023. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202333266.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Tariq, Kamran, Joost Brandsma, Dominic Burg, Benjamin L. Nicholas, Rene Lutter, Julie Corfield, Kian F. Chung, et al. "Lipid biomarkers predictive of gastro-oesophageal reflux in adult asthma." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa897.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Shekhovtsova, Nina V., George A. Osipov, Nadejda V. Verkhovtseva, and Lev A. Pevzner. "Analysis of lipid biomarkers in rocks of Archean crystalline basement." In Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology V, edited by Richard B. Hoover, Alexei Y. Rozanov, and Jere H. Lipps. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.486691.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

van Maldegem, L. M., M. Kipp, J. M. Hope, and J. J. Brocks. "Lipid Biomarkers Reveal a Bacterial Dominated Ecosystem after the Sturtian Glaciation." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902748.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Pereira, V. B., A. A. Lopes, R. C. Cordeiro, and D. A. Azevedo. "Lipid Biomarkers as Indicators of Organic Matter Inputs in an Amazonian Core." In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902934.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ladd, Nemiah, Daniel Nelson, Blake Matthews, Shannon Dyer, Anita Narwani, Nathalie Dubois, and Carsten Schubert. "Hydrogen isotopes from sedimentary lipid biomarkers record changes in algal community assemblages." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.11977.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Riausset, S., C. Gauthier, M. Pierre, J. Jacob, and V. Daux. "Lipid Biomarkers in Tree Rings: Chemotaxonomy, Diagenesis and Potential for Palaeoenvironmental Reconstructions." In IMOG 2023. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202333261.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Brittingham, Alex, Michael T. Hren, Samuel Spitzschuh, Ariel Malinsky-Buller, Phil Glauberman, and Boris Gasparyan. "INTEGRATION OF PLANT LIPID BIOMARKERS BY STREAMS IN THE AREGUNI MOUNTAINS, ARMENIAN HIGHLANDS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-338245.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Schubotz, F., L. Meyer, W. Orsi, and F. Klein. "EXCEPTIONAL PRESERVATION OF LIPID BIOMARKERS IN A CRETACEOUS SERPENTINITE-HOSTED SUBSEAFLOOR HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM." In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134168.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Lipid biomarkers"

1

White, D. C., and D. B. Ringelberg. Signature lipid biomarkers for in situ microbial biomass, community structure and nutritional status of deep subsurface microbiota in relation to geochemical gradients. Final technical report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/578585.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Liu, Min, Hongqiu Zhu, Xiaodan Hu, Ying Zhu, and Haiyan Chen. Efficacy of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on glucose metabolism, lipid profiles and biomarkers of inflammation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.10.0013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

David C. White. NABIR Assessment Element, Expanded Rapid, Comprehensive, Lipid Biomarker Analysis for Subsurface, Community Composition and Nutritional/Physiological Status as Monitors of Remediation and Detoxification Effectiveness. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850194.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!