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Journal articles on the topic 'Lion – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Matema, Steven, and Jens A. Andersson. "Why are lions killing us? Human–wildlife conflict and social discontent in Mbire District, northern Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 53, no. 1 (February 12, 2015): 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x14000664.

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AbstractAn emerging perspective on Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) in Zimbabwe is that increased authoritarianism in governance has enabled elite capture of wildlife resources and silenced local people's voices. This paper qualifies this perspective, showing how ordinary people continue to raise their concerns about local governance. In the Mbire district, people's interpretations of an upsurge in lion attacks on livestock and people in early 2010 took on a dimension of social commentary on the evolving governance arrangements in the district and beyond. Beneath an apparent human–wildlife conflict lie complex human–human conflicts about access to, and governance of, wildlife resources. Interpretations of the lion attacks built on two distinct epistemologies – a local religious discourse on spirit lions and an ecological one – but invariably construed outsiders as the ones accountable for local problems. This construction of outsiders is also a salient feature of Zimbabwean political discourse. Local voices thus constitute a widely understood discourse of protest.

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2

Groom, Rosemary J., Paul J. Funston, and Roseline Mandisodza. "Surveys of lions Panthera leo in protected areas in Zimbabwe yield disturbing results: what is driving the population collapse?" Oryx 48, no. 3 (February 10, 2014): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001457.

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AbstractThe African lion Panthera leo is an iconic species but it has faced dramatic range reductions and possibly as few as 30,000 individuals remain in the wild. In the absence of detailed ground-based surveys, lion populations may be estimated using regression models based on prey biomass availability but these often overestimate lion densities as a result of a variety of compounding factors. Anthropogenic factors can be key drivers of lion population dynamics and in areas with high human impact lion numbers may be significantly lower than those predicted by prey biomass models. This was investigated in two protected areas in Zimbabwe, where lion population densities were found to be significantly lower than would have been predicted by prey-availability models. High hunting quotas either within or around the protected areas are the most likely cause of the low lion numbers, with quotas in some areas being as high as seven lions per 1,000 km2 in some years. Other factors, including persecution, poisoning and problem animal control, as well as disease and competition with spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta, are also discussed.

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3

Bauer, Hans, Guillaume Chapron, Kristin Nowell, Philipp Henschel, Paul Funston, Luke T. B. Hunter, David W. Macdonald, and Craig Packer. "Lion (Panthera leo) populations are declining rapidly across Africa, except in intensively managed areas." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 48 (October 26, 2015): 14894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500664112.

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We compiled all credible repeated lion surveys and present time series data for 47 lion (Panthera leo) populations. We used a Bayesian state space model to estimate growth rate-λ for each population and summed these into three regional sets to provide conservation-relevant estimates of trends since 1990. We found a striking geographical pattern: African lion populations are declining everywhere, except in four southern countries (Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe). Population models indicate a 67% chance that lions in West and Central Africa decline by one-half, while estimating a 37% chance that lions in East Africa also decline by one-half over two decades. We recommend separate regional assessments of the lion in the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species: already recognized as critically endangered in West Africa, our analysis supports listing as regionally endangered in Central and East Africa and least concern in southern Africa. Almost all lion populations that historically exceeded ∼500 individuals are declining, but lion conservation is successful in southern Africa, in part because of the proliferation of reintroduced lions in small, fenced, intensively managed, and funded reserves. If management budgets for wild lands cannot keep pace with mounting levels of threat, the species may rely increasingly on these southern African areas and may no longer be a flagship species of the once vast natural ecosystems across the rest of the continent.

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4

Schroeder, Richard A. "Moving Targets: The ‘Canned’ Hunting of Captive-Bred Lions in South Africa." African Studies Review 61, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 8–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.94.

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Abstract:So-called canned hunts take place within fenced private game ranches and typically target animals bred in captivity solely for that purpose. Thousands of semidomesticated lions form the focal point of South Africa’s canned-hunting industry. Notions of animal welfare, “fair chase,” and conservation have been deployed to varying degrees to sway public opinion surrounding canned hunts in South Africa and abroad. While state regulatory efforts have largely failed to date, the Campaign Against Canned Hunting (CACH) has successfully promoted stricter controls on the importation of lion trophies in Australia, Europe, and the United States, in part by highlighting the recent death of Cecil, a charismatic lion shot by an American bowhunter in Zimbabwe.

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5

Chimuka, Garikai. "Western hysteria over killing of Cecil the lion! Othering from the Zimbabwean gaze." Tourist Studies 19, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 336–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797619832316.

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The Western media exploded in August 2015 because of a lion killed in Africa. Politicians, conservationists, civil society, musicians, sports stars, talk show hosts and ordinary people were outraged by the killing of a lion called Cecil in Zimbabwe. Interestingly there was not much focus on the reaction of Zimbabweans who were most injured by Cecil’s death. If anything, Zimbabweans were surprised by the blanket coverage of Cecil. In this essay, Zimbabweans’ reaction to the Western media coverage was analysed within the broader context of Edward Said’s concept of ‘Othering’. Viewing the concept of Othering through the Zimbabwean lenses deepened and widened the traditional definition of Othering to include self-Othering and what I termed reverse-Othering. The Zimbabwean gaze must be understood and contextualised. Without this understanding, the ultimate outrage over Cecil, which is about sustainable wildlife management, might not be won for local people must be partners in the sustainability endeavour.

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6

Loveridge, Andrew J., Timothy Kuiper, Roger H. Parry, Lovemore Sibanda, Jane Hunt Hunt, Brent Stapelkamp, Lovelater Sebele, and David W. Macdonald. "Bells, bomas and beefsteak: complex patterns of human-predator conflict at the wildlife-agropastoral interface in Zimbabwe." PeerJ 5 (January 24, 2017): e2898. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2898.

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Reports of livestock depredation by large predators were systematically collected at three study sites in northwestern Zimbabwe from 2008–2013. We recorded 1,527 incidents (2,039 animals killed and 306 injured). Lions (Panthera leo) and spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) were mostly responsible, and cattle and donkeys most frequently attacked. Patterns of predation were variable among study sites. Nevertheless, some overall patterns were apparent. Predators selected livestock close to the size of their preferred wild prey, suggesting behaviours evolved to optimise foraging success may determine the domestic species primarily preyed upon. Most attacks occurred when livestock were roaming outside and away from their ‘home’ protective enclosures at night. Hyaena attacks were largely nocturnal; lions and leopards (Panthera pardus) were more flexible, with attacks occurring by day and at night. Livestock fitted with bells suffered a disproportionate number of attacks; the sound of bells appears to have conditioned predators to associate the sound with foraging opportunities. Lion and hyaena attacks on cattle were more frequent in the wet season suggesting that seasonal herding practices may result in cattle vulnerability. Only a small proportion of conflict incidents were reported to wildlife management officials with a bias towards lion predation events, potentially prejudicing conflict management policies. Predation on domestic stock involves an intricate interplay between predator behaviour and ecology on the one hand and human behaviour and husbandry practices on the other. Our data suggest that improved livestock husbandry (supervision of grazing animals, protection at night in strong enclosures) would greatly reduce livestock depredation.

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7

Barnier, Florian, Marion Valeix, Patrick Duncan, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Philippe Barre, Andrew J. Loveridge, David W. Macdonald, and Hervé Fritz. "Diet quality in a wild grazer declines under the threat of an ambush predator." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1785 (June 22, 2014): 20140446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0446.

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Predators influence prey populations not only through predation itself, but also indirectly through prompting changes in prey behaviour. The behavioural adjustments of prey to predation risk may carry nutritional costs, but this has seldom been studied in the wild in large mammals. Here, we studied the effects of an ambush predator, the African lion ( Panthera leo ), on the diet quality of plains zebras ( Equus quagga ) in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe. We combined information on movements of both prey and predators, using GPS data, and measurements of faecal crude protein, an index of diet quality in the prey. Zebras which had been in close proximity to lions had a lower quality diet, showing that adjustments in behaviour when lions are within short distance carry nutritional costs. The ultimate fitness cost will depend on the frequency of predator–prey encounters and on whether bottom-up or top-down forces are more important in the prey population. Our finding is the first attempt to our knowledge to assess nutritionally mediated risk effects in a large mammalian prey species under the threat of an ambush predator, and brings support to the hypothesis that the behavioural effects of predation induce important risk effects on prey populations.

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8

Levin, Abigail. "Biopolitics in the National Parks: The Life and Death of Cecil the Lion." Society & Animals 29, no. 3 (August 11, 2021): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341576.

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Abstract Cecil the Lion lived in Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe and was a part of an Oxford conservation study until his death by poaching, outside of Park boundaries, at the hands of an American hunter, in July 2015. Cecil’s death caused unique levels of international outrage, though wildlife poaching in general remains an all-too-ubiquitous phenomenon. This paper enquires as to why this particular death caused such outrage. I will examine this question through two Foucauldian lenses: first, through the Parks’ discursive production of subjects – human and nonhuman animal; and secondly, by investigating Parks’ practices of understanding biopower and pastoral power. I argue that though wildlife conservation in the National Parks is generally interested in conserving the species, not individuals, Cecil’s status as a named individual in a scientific study resulted in the outrage and speaks to the paradox at the heart of Foucault’s idea of pastoral power.

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9

Nyambi, Oliver. "“The Lion Has Learnt to Speak?” The Novel A Fine Madness and Third Chimurenga Counter-Discourse in Contemporary Zimbabwe." Journal of Black Studies 47, no. 3 (January 7, 2016): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934715623521.

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10

Weisbard, Eric. "BanningEyre. Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Songs that Made Zimbabwe. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015. 416 pp." Journal of Popular Music Studies 27, no. 4 (December 2015): 524–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpms.12154.

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11

Duby, Marc. "Banning Eyre. 2015. Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Music that Made Zimbabwe. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 339pp. ISBN 978-0-8223-5908-1 (hbk)." Journal of World Popular Music 3, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jwpm.v3i2.27237.

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12

Tensen, Laura, Rosemary J. Groom, Joy Khuzwayo, and Bettine Jansen van Vuuren. "The genetic tale of a recovering lion population (Panthera leo) in the Savé Valley region (Zimbabwe): A better understanding of the history and managing the future." PLOS ONE 13, no. 2 (February 7, 2018): e0190369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190369.

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13

Clark, Felicity. "Eyre, Banning. 2015. Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the Music that Made Zimbabwe. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-5908-1 (hbk). 416 pp." Perfect Beat 17, no. 2 (January 20, 2017): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/prbt.v17i2.31122.

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14

Mhiripiri, Nhamo Anthony. "Banning Eyre , Lion Songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the music that made Zimbabwe. Durham NC: Duke University Press (hb US$37.95 – 978 0 8223 5908 1). 2015, 416 pp." Africa 87, no. 2 (April 11, 2017): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000197201600108x.

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15

Xie, Danqing, Lei Yao, Yan Huang, Shuaifan Wu, Li Ma, Yuhong Li, and Wencui Wang. "Anxiolytic Effect of Two Tobacco Essential Oils (Nicotiana tabacum Linn.) on Mice." Molecules 26, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 4171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144171.

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Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum Linn.) is a famous traditional herb used in folk medicine. The essential oils of tobacco have been demonstrated in modern studies to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, while its anxiolytic effect has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Yunnan tobacco essential oil (YTO) and Zimbabwe tobacco essential oil (ZTO) on mice. The constituents of YTO and ZTO were analyzed by GC/MS. The anxiolytic effect of YTO and ZTO (0.1%, 1%, and 10%, v/v) on male ICR mice was evaluated in the light–dark box test (LDB) and the elevated plus maze test (EPM) test via inhalation and transdermal administration. After the behavioral tests, salivary corticosterone levels in mice were measured. The behavioral analysis showed that the administration of both YTO and ZTO elevated the time that the mice spent in the light chamber in the LDB test compared to the untreated control. In the EPM test, YTO and ZTO increased the time spent in open arms and the number of entries into the open arms. In addition, both YTO and ZTO significantly decreased salivary corticosterone levels in mice (p ≤ 0.001). In summary, our results demonstrated that inhalation and transdermal administration of both YTO and ZTO showed anxiolytic effect on male ICR mice.

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16

Morandin, C., A. J. Loveridge, G. Segelbacher, N. Elliot, H. Madzikanda, D. W. Macdonald, and J. Höglund. "Gene flow and immigration: genetic diversity and population structure of lions (Panthera leo) in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe." Conservation Genetics 15, no. 3 (February 2, 2014): 697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0571-6.

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17

Mukarati, Norman L., George D. Vassilev, Whatmore M. Tagwireyi, and Michael Tavengwa. "OCCURRENCE, PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OF INTERNAL PARASITE INFECTIONS OF AFRICAN LIONS (PANTHERA LEO) IN ENCLOSURES AT A RECREATION PARK IN ZIMBABWE." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 44, no. 3 (September 2013): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2012-0273r.1.

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18

Valeix, Marion, Andrew J. Loveridge, Zeke Davidson, Hillary Madzikanda, Hervé Fritz, and David W. Macdonald. "How key habitat features influence large terrestrial carnivore movements: waterholes and African lions in a semi-arid savanna of north-western Zimbabwe." Landscape Ecology 25, no. 3 (November 12, 2009): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9425-x.

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19

Fahlman, A., A. Loveridge, C. Wenham, C. Foggin, J. M. Arnemo, and G. Nyman. "Reversible anaesthesia of free-ranging lions (Panthera leo) in Zimbabwe." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 76, no. 4 (June 15, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v76i4.424.

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The combination of medetomidine-zolazepam-tiletamine with subsequent antagonism by atipamezole was evaluated for reversible anaesthesia of free-ranging lions (Panthera leo). Twenty-one anaesthetic events of 17 free-ranging lions (5 males and 12 females, body weight 105-211 kg) were studied in Zimbabwe. Medetomidine at 0.027-0.055 mg / kg (total dose 4-11 mg) and zolazepam-tiletamine at 0.38-1.32 mg / kg (total dose 50-275 mg) were administered i.m. by dart injection. The doses were gradually decreased to improve recovery. Respiratory and heart rates, rectal temperature and relative haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded every 15 min. Arterial blood samples were collected from 5 lions for analysis of blood gases and acid-base status. For anaesthetic reversal, atipamezole was administered i.m. at 2.5 or 5 times the medetomidine dose. Induction was smooth and all lions were anaesthetised with good muscle relaxation within 3.4-9.5 min after darting. The predictable working time was a minimum of 1 h and no additional drug doses were needed. Respiratory and heart rates and SpO2 were stable throughout anaesthesia, whereas rectal temperature changed significantly over time. Atipamezole at 2.5 times the medetomidine dose was sufficient for reversal and recoveries were smooth and calm in all lions independent of the atipamezole dose. First sign of recovery was observed 3-27 min after reversal. The animals were up walking 8-26 min after reversal when zolazepamtiletamine doses <1 mg / kg were used. In practice, a total dose of 6 mg medetomidine and 80 mg zolazepam-tiletamine and reversal with 15 mg atipamezole can be used for either sex of an adult or subadult lion. The drugs and doses used in this study provided a reliable, safe and reversible anaesthesia protocol for free-ranging lions.

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20

"Lion songs: Thomas Mapfumo and the music that made Zimbabwe." Choice Reviews Online 53, no. 03 (October 20, 2015): 53–1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.192573.

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21

Capon, Simon D., Alison J. Leslie, and Bruce Clegg. "The use of population viability analysis to identify possible factors contributing to the decline of a rare ungulate population in south-eastern Zimbabwe." Koedoe 55, no. 1 (February 20, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v55i1.1081.

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Populations that are vulnerable to decline are of particular concern to wildlife managers and uncovering the mechanisms responsible for downward trends is a crucial step towards developing future viable populations. The aims of this study were to better understand the mechanisms behind the historic decline of the sable antelope, Hippotragus niger, population at the Malilangwe Wildlife Reserve (MWR), to assess its future viability and to use this analysis to determine key areas of breakdown in population growth and link these to potential limiting factors. VORTEX, a population viability model was used to assess the future viability of the sable antelope population and a sensitivity analysis was applied to identify the key areas of breakdown in growth. The sable population is currently viable, but remains highly vulnerable to changes in adult female survival, a factor which had the greatest influence on overall population fitness. Lion predation, impacting on the adult segment of the population, appeared to be the main factor responsible for the historic decline at the MWR.Conservation implications: Sable generally occur at low densities in the lowveld region of Zimbabwe and, as such, populations are vulnerable to increases in mortality rates. The role of lions in driving the decline at the MWR suggests a need to control their numbers and develop prey refuges through improved management of artificial water.

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22

Tarakini, Tawanda, Fortunate Chikerema, and Victor Muposhi. "Activity Budgets and Time Treatments of Lion (Panthera leo) Cubs under Human Imprinting at Antelope Park, Gweru, Zimbabwe." International Journal of Molecular Ecology and Conservation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5376/ijmec.2014.04.0001.

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23

Sibanda, Lovemore, Esther van der Meer, Courtney Hughes, Ewan A. Macdonald, Jane E. Hunt, Roger H. Parry, Bongani Dlodlo, David W. Macdonald, and Andrew J. Loveridge. "Exploring Perceptions of Subsistence Farmers in Northwestern Zimbabwe Towards the African Lion (Panthera leo) in the Context of Local Conservation Actions." African Journal of Wildlife Research 50, no. 1 (May 21, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3957/056.050.0102.

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24

McRee, Anna, Rebecca P. Wilkes, Jessica Dawson, Roger Parry, Chris Foggin, Hayley Adams, Agricola Odoi, and Melissa A. Kennedy. "Serological detection of infection with canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus and canine adenovirus in communal dogs from Zimbabwe." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 85, no. 1 (February 24, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1110.

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Domestic dogs are common amongst communities in sub-Saharan Africa and may serve as important reservoirs for infectious agents that may cause diseases in wildlife. Two agents of concern are canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV), which may infect and cause disease in large carnivore species such as African wild dogs and African lions, respectively. The impact of domestic dogs and their diseases on wildlife conservation is increasing in Zimbabwe, necessitating thorough assessment and implementation of control measures. In this study, domestic dogs in north-western Zimbabwe were evaluated for antibodies to CDV, CPV, and canine adenovirus (CAV). These dogs were communal and had no vaccination history. Two hundred and twenty-five blood samples were collected and tested using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to CPV, CDV, and CAV. Of these dogs, 75 (34%) had detectable antibodies to CDV, whilst 191 (84%) had antibodies to CPV. Antibodies to canine adenovirus were present in 28 (13%) dogs. Canine parvovirus had high prevalence in all six geographic areas tested. These results indicate that CPV is circulating widely amongst domestic dogs in the region. In addition, CDV is present at high levels. Both pathogens can infect wildlife species. Efforts for conservation of large carnivores in Zimbabwe must address the role of domestic dogs in disease transmission.

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25

Ebert, Rainer. "Editorial Vol.8(1)." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v8i1.31077.

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Do you remember Harambe, the 17-year-old silverback who was shot dead after a boy fell into the gorilla enclosure at the Cincinnati Zoo, Cecil, the lion who was shot with an arrow by an American dentist in Zimbabwe, and Marius, the giraffe who was killed and fed to other animals at the Copenhagen Zoo?Every once in a while, a news story about the human-caused death of an animal sparks global outrage, briefly lights up the comments sections on the internet, and reminds us of the inconsistency in how think about non-human animals. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, we kill approximately two thousand animals for food per second, not including fish and other marine animals. All of these animals have rich emotional lives that matter to them, and what we do to them is as bad, and often much worse, than what was done to Harambe, Cecil, and Marius. Most farm animals are raised in filthy and unnatural conditions, and are subject to routine mutilations and other mistreatment. They are transported in ways that are at best unpleasant and at worst horrific, and they die violent deaths. Yet, most of us while expressing our moral indignation about the treatment of Harambe, Cecil, and Marius rarely spare a thought for the animals we eat.Morally speaking, there does not seem to be much of a difference between what happened in Cincinnati, Zimbabwe, and Denmark and what happens in factory farms and slaughterhouses in every part of the world, every day. If anything, there was a better reason to kill Harambe namely, to avert danger from a child than there is to kill animals for food. We do not need to consume animal products to live a healthy and fulfilled life. In fact, careful studies have found that a well-balanced plant-based diet decreases the chances of suffering from diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers, and benefits the environment.The way we think about and treat non-human animals is deeply confused, and scholars are in a unique position to provide some clarity. The Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics hence decided to dedicate two special issues to the relationship between human beings and other animals, and asked me to be the guest editor. This is the second of the two special issues, and contains the following five articles:The number of fish killed annually by the fishing industry, even on the most conservative estimate, is more than ten times larger than the number of terrestrial animals killed annually for food, and yet animal advocates largely focus on the latter in their efforts to reduce animal suffering. Bob Fischer (Wild Fish and Expected Utility) does the math and argues that considerations of expected utility call that focus into question. He concludes that animal advocacy organizations owe an explanation of why they are not directing more of their resources to fish.Akande Michael Aina and Ofuasia Emmanuel (The Chicken Fallacy and the Ethics of Cruelty to Non-Human Animals) challenge the common view that non-human animals are mere resources that we can use as we please, and ask whether Peter Singers ethics of animal liberation is a plausible alternative. They think it is not, in part because it denies moral status to non-sentient life, and take another approach that draws from Charles Darwins theory of evolution. They argue that cruelty to non-human animals, with whom they claim we are on an equal moral footing, betrays our trusting and neighborly relationship with them.Iván Ortega Rodríguez (Animal Citizenship, Phenomenology, and Ontology: Some reflections on Donaldsons & Kymlickas Zoopolis) provides a brief summary of the position Sue Donaldson and Will Kymlicka defend in their ground-breaking book Zoopolis, and argues that they are mistaken in failing to consider an important metaphysical difference between human beings and other animals. While human and non-human animals share a common environment, only human interaction constitutes what he calls a world. That difference, however, does not undermine the case for animal rights but rather strengthens it.Rhyddhi Chakraborty (Animal Ethics and India: Understanding the Connection through the Capabilities Approach) takes a critical look at a wide range of legal provisions in Indian law designed to protect non-human animals. She argues that, despite such provisions, nonhuman animals continue to suffer greatly at the hands of human beings in India, which is partly due to the lack of a comprehensive ethical vision. She suggests that the capabilities approach can provide such a vision, and concludes by making a number of policy recommendations to improve animal welfare in India.Robin Attfield and Rebekah Humphreys (Justice and Non-Human Animals) complete their argument for the claim that our treatment of non-human animals is a matter of justice, the first part of which can be found in the previous issue of this journal.I thank the contributors for choosing this journal to share their exciting ideas, and the reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. I am also indebted to Professor Shamima Parvin Lasker and Ms. Tahera Ahmed for their cooperation and trust.If you, dear reader, are new to the academic debate over the moral status of non-human animals, and if the two Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics special issues on animal ethics have made you curious, as I hope they did, I would like to recommend to you two classics of the animal ethics literature: Peter Singer, Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals (New York: New York Review/Random House, 1975); and Tom Regan, The Case for Animal Rights (Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983).I hope you will enjoy reading through this issue, and I am sending you my warm regards.Rainer Ebert Guest Editor, Bangladesh Journal of BioethicsDepartment of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, South AfricaEmail: rainerebert@gmail.com Webpage: http://www.rainerebert.com

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26

Mukarati, Norman L., Okechukwu C. Ndumnego, Sunday O. Ochai, Solomon Jauro, Andrew Loveridge, Henriette Heerden, Gift Matope, et al. "A serological survey of Bacillus anthracis reveals widespread exposure to the pathogen in free‐range and captive lions in Zimbabwe." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, October 9, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13842.

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