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Academic literature on the topic 'Linseed oil'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Linseed oil"

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Irina-Adriana, Chiurciu, Constantin Oprea Dana Maria, Grigore Elena, Bogan Elena, and Tatu Florina. "Aspects Regarding the Linseed Oil Culture in Romania in the Context of the Ongoing Climate Change." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pesd-2019-0012.

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Abstract Nowadays, at global level, the linseed oil culture is more important economically than the linseed cultures for fiber. The world's largest linseed production is the linseed oil, followed by the culture for the consumption of seeds and for fibers. In this context, this study presents the evolution and the main trends in the production of the linseed oil for Romania in the period 2008-2017, the analysis being based on the values of specific indicators, namely the areas cultivated with linseeds and the production of the linseed oil achieved at the national level, macro-regions and development regions, both as a total and in the private sector as well. This analysis will be done in the context of the ongoing climate change also affecting Romania's territory. Analysing the results, one can notice that, although after 1990 the cultivated areas have decreased dramatically, since the integration of Romania into the EU, the linseed oil cultivated areas have started to grow. Thus, in 2017, Romania was the sixth EU linseed oil producer in the EU, with the South-East region holding a significant share of the cultivated areas.
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Kreps, František, Štefan Schmidt, Lenka Vrbiková, Lucia Szeifová, Lenka Tmáková, and Stanislav Sekretár. "Influence of storage and microwave heating on stability of soya spread lipids with linseed content." Acta Chimica Slovaca 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10188-012-0008-0.

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Influence of storage and microwave heating on stability of soya spread lipids with linseed content We have chosen to experiment with soya spreads containing linseeds, which enrich the spreads with essential fatty acids and valuable related substances. The soya spreads with linseeds represent an ideal combination for nutritionally valuable foods with health benefits. In this work we examined the influence of microwave heating and storage on stability of linseed oil and soya spread lipids. Industrially produced soya spreads (S1) with addition of 5, 7 and 10 % linseeds and linseed oil were stored without a protective atmosphere in refrigerator at 5 °C. The lipids of commercial soya spreads (S2) enriched with 2, 5 and 10 % ground linseeds and soya spread lipids (S2) without linseeds were microwave-heated. The data obtained from experiments have shown that the storing of linseed oil for 30 days in refrigerator has caused excess of the maximum acceptable peroxide value (Food Codex of SR). Microwave-heated lipids from commercial soya spreads (S2) enriched with 2 % ground linseeds have the best result of stability and protective factor, compared with lipids from 5 and 10 % linseeds enriching soya spreads (S2). After the 5, 10 and 20 min of microwave heating, the lipids of soya spread (S2) enriched with 2 % ground linseeds have the protective factor 1.02, 1.15 and 1.43 respectively, compared with lipids from soya spread (S2) without linseeds. The microwave heating for 5 min has been accompanied by a decreasing of hydroperoxides and by formation of secondary oxidation products.
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Mansour, Maisa M. A., Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Rushdya Rabee Ali Hassan, Hayssam M. Ali, Dunia A. Al Farraj, and Mohamed S. Elshikh. "Antifungal potential of three natural oils and their effects on the thermogravimetric and chromatic behaviors when applied to historical paper and various commercial paper sheets." BioResources 16, no. 1 (November 24, 2020): 492–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.492-514.

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Three natural extracted oils from Citrus reticulata peels, C. aurantifolia leaves, and Linum usitatissimum (linseeds) were used as antifungal agents against the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium chrysogenum. The following main compounds (determined via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) were found. The essential oil (EO) from C. aurantiifolia leaves contained limonene (22.96%), geranyl acetal (13.53%), and geraniol acetate (13.33%); the n-hexane oil from C. reticulata peels contained methyl-13-cyclopentyltridecanoate (16.74%), and D-limonene (16.06%); and linseed oil contained linoleic acid (27.36%), and oleic acid (19.01%). The inhibition of fungal growth significantly was reached 100% against A. flavus at all tested C. aurantifolia leaf EO concentrations and at a concentration of 2000 µL/mL for linseeds oil. The growth inhibition reached 100% against P. chrysogenum with C. aurantifolia leaf EO concentrations of 125-2000 µL/mL. Citrus reticulata peel EO had 100% growth inhibition of P. chrysogenum at concentrations of 2000 µL/mL and 1000 µL/mL, while linseeds oil had 100% growth inhibition at 2000 µL/mL. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that C. aurantifolia EO yielded the greatest thermal stability and color change protection to cotton pulp, while linseed oil was found to protect wood pulp-based and historical papers.
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Ertuğ, Füsun. "Linseed oil and oil mills in central Turkey Flax/Linum and Eruca, important oil plants of Anatolia." Anatolian Studies 50 (December 2000): 171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3643022.

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This article is a preliminary case-study concerning the importance of flax/Linum and Eruca as oil plants in central Anatolia. Linseed oil (‘beziryaği’) was produced from both Linum and Eruca seeds, and this oil was used in Anatolian culinary culture, in addition to olive, sesame, cotton, poppy, sunflower, hazel, Cephalaria, safflower and hackberry oils. Linseed oil was also used in oil lamps, to oil wooden-wheeled carts and to rub on the skins of water-buffalo. Both linseed oil and flax seeds were widely used in folk medicine.The production of linseed oil may have started thousands of years ago in central Anatolia. Both plants are native to Anatolia, and flax seeds have been found at several Neolithic sites. The earliest historical documents concerning linseed oil mills (‘bezirhane’) are Ottoman tax records from 1500–1. Until the 1970s there were still several oil mills in the Aksaray area producing linseed oil during the winter. The residue was used as fodder for draft animals.
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El-Bahr, Sabry M., Saad Shousha, Mohamed A. Alfattah, Saad Al-Sultan, Wasseem Khattab, Islam I. Sabeq, Omar Ahmed-Farid, et al. "Enrichment of Broiler Chickens’ Meat with Dietary Linseed Oil and Lysine Mixtures: Influence on Nutritional Value, Carcass Characteristics and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2021): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030618.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of four combinations of dietary linseed oil and lysine mixtures on performance, fatty and amino acid profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers, cell energy and meat quality parameters of broiler chickens. One hundred and sixty broiler chicks were allocated into four groups. Birds of groups 1–4 were fed diets containing optimum lysine and 2% of linseed oil, optimum lysine and 4% of linseed oil, high lysine and 2% of linseed oil, and high lysine and 4% of linseed oil, respectively, for a period of 35 days. High linseed oil or lysine levels did not affect the performance of the tested birds, but the high level of dietary linseed oil decreased the concentrations of muscles’ saturated fatty acids (SFA). The highest values of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty (ω-3 PUFA) and arachidonic acids with lowest levels of monounsaturated fatty (MUFA) were detected in the muscles of birds fed diets containing high linseed oils and/or lysine levels. High linseed oil or lysine levels provided the best essential amino acid profile and improved antioxidant components as well as cell energy, and tenderness and redness of the meat. Conclusively, high dietary lysine and linseed oil combinations improved the nutritional value, antioxidant status and cell energy of broiler chickens’ meat.
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Puppel, K., T. Nałęcz-Tarwacka, B. Kuczyńska, M. Gołębiewski, and M. Kordyasz. "Effect of different fat supplements on the antioxidant capacity of cow’s milk." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-017.

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Abstract. This study examined the effect of different fat supplements on the antioxidants of cow’s milk. Thirty five Polish Holstein Friesian cows at 180±20 day of lactation and averaging 17.71±2.26 kg/d of milk were divided into five equal groups. There were five treatments groups: 300 g/d of fish oil, 500 g/d of Opal linseed, 500 g/d of Szafir linseed, 150 g/d of fish oil + 250 g/d of Opal linseed, 150 g/d of fish oil + 250 g/d Szafir linseed. Milk samples were collected five times during the 21 day of supplementation period: at the 1st, 14th and 21th day of the experimental period, and also at the 14th and 21st day after the supplement withdrawal. Diet supplementation with the Szafir linseed improved the chemical composition and milk yield at the 21st day of experiment. The highest level of malondialdehyde was recorded in fish oil, Opal linseed, fish oil + Opal linseed, and fish oil + Szafir linseed groups, and the lowest in the Szafir linseed group. After the 21st day of supplementation the concentration of α-retinol was significantly increased in all groups by 23 to 183 %. The highest level of α-tocopherol was found in fish oil + Opal linseed group at the 21st day of supplementation. Total antioxidative status increased in all experimental groups; however, the highest peak was recorded in fish oil + Szafir linseed and Szafir linseed group. The experiment confirmed that manipulation in cows’ diet may improve antioxidative capacity of milk.
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Bocharova, Polina A., Valentina M. Bachinskaya, and Nadezhda A. Bachinskaya. "THE EFFECT OF FEED ADDITIVES ON THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF QUAIL EGGS." Problems of veterinary sanitation, hygiene and ecology 4, no. 48 (2023): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202304016.

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The article presents the results of studies of the amino acid composition of compound feeds and quail eggs when using vegetable feed additives based on linseed oil and fish oil in the diet. We have formed three groups of quails with 30 heads in each group of the breed «Estonian quail». Experimental groups of quails were fed feeds enriched with fish oil and linseed oil for 30 days, the control group of quails received standard compound feed. According to the results of studies we found that the introduction of fish oil and linseed oil into the composition contributed to an increase in essential amino acids by 0.84% when using fish oil and 0.66% linseed oil, partially interchangeable by 0.06% and 0.11%, respectively, and interchangeable when using linseed oil by – 0.31%.
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NYKTER, M., H.-R. KYMÄLÄINEN, and F. GATES. "Quality characteristics of edible linseed oil." Agricultural and Food Science 15, no. 4 (December 4, 2008): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/145960606780061443.

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In this review the quality properties of linseed oil for food uses are discussed as well as factors affecting this quality. Linseed oil has a favourable fatty acid composition with a high linolenic acid content. Linseed oil contains nearly 60% á-linolenic acid, compared with 25% for plant oils generally. The content of linolenic acid and omega-3 fatty acids is reported to be high in linseed grown in northern latitudes. The composition of fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids, reported in different studies varies considerably for linseed oil. This variation depends mainly on differences in the examined varieties and industrial processing treatments. The fatty acid composition leads also to some problems, rancidity probably being the most challenging. Some information has been published concerning oxidation and taste, whereas only a few studies have focused on colour or microbiological quality. Rancidity negatively affects the taste and odour of the oil. There are available a few studies on effects of storage on composition of linseed oil. In general, storage and heat promote auto-oxidation of fats, as well as decrease the amounts of tocopherols and vitamin E in linseed oil. Several methods are available to promote the quality of the oil, including agronomic methods and methods of breeding as well as chemical, biotechnological and microbiological methods. Time of harvesting and weather conditions affect the quality and yield of the oil.;
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Sytnik, Natalia, Mykola Korchak, Serhii Nekrasov, Vitalii Herasymenko, Roman Mylostyvyi, Tetiana Ovsiannikova, Tetiana Shamota, Valentyna Mohutova, Nataliia Ofilenko, and Inna Choni. "Increasing the oxidative stability of linseed oil." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 6 (124) (August 31, 2023): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.284314.

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The object of the research is the process of oxidation of linseed oil at elevated temperature. Linseed oil is a valuable raw material for the chemical, food, cosmetic and other industries. The use of linseed oil is complicated by intensive oxidation processes associated with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, an important task is to develop and improve methods of oxidative stabilization of linseed oil. The oxidation process of unrefined linseed oil (CAS Number 8001-26-1) at a temperature of 110 °C in its original form and with the addition of antioxidants was studied. The effect of antioxidant concentrations (tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisole and butylhydroxytoluene) in the mixture on the induction period of linseed oil was found. The induction period was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The total concentration of the mixture of antioxidants in each experiment was 0.02 %. The induction period of the initial oil was 155.31 min. Rational ratios of antioxidants in the mixture were found: tocopherol: butylhydroxyanisole (50:50) %; tocopherol: butylhydroxytoluene (50:50) %; tocopherol: butylhydroxyanisole: butylhydroxytoluene (33.33:33.33:33.33) %. At the same time, the oil induction periods are 295.7 min., 290.1 min. and 290.2 min., respectively. The quality indicators of the initial linseed oil and with the addition of the determined rational ratios of antioxidants after 2 hours of aging at a temperature of 110 °C were determined. The peroxide values of the samples were 8.5, 3.2, 3.6, 3.7 ½ O mmol/kg, respectively. The research results make it possible to introduce antioxidants in the production of linseed oil in rational concentrations. This will help increase the production of linseed oil resistant to oxidation at elevated temperatures, which will provide various industries with high-quality raw materials
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Cruz, Victor Hugo Maldonado da, Geovane Aparecido Ramos da Silva, Matheus Campos Castro, Isadora Boaventura Ponhozi, Patrícia Magalhães de Souza, Jesui Vergilio Visentainer, and Oscar Oliveira Santos Júnior. "Assessment of the fatty acid composition of different parts of zebrafish fed diets incorporated with linseed and sunflower oils." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 16 (December 8, 2021): e113101623177. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23177.

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This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid composition of zebrafish fed diets containing linseed oil compared to sunflower oil. First, diets supplemented with linseed and sunflower were formulated, fish were fed for 40 days, and their parts collected for analysis. Diet composition analysis, extraction and derivatization of fatty acids, gas chromatography analysis, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR, and statistical analyses were performed. Linseed oil exhibited an omega-3 rich lipid profile. 18:3n-3 content incorporated into the muscle tissue of fish fed linseed oil was 50% higher than that fed sunflower oil. This higher amount of 18:3n-3 favored the production of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 fatty acids by synthetic pathways in the organism since these fatty acids were not initially found in the oil composition. Furthermore, in all analyzed parts of zebrafish that were fed linseed oil, concentration of 20:4n-6 were lower, while 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were higher compared to the same parts fed with sunflower oil. PCR expression assay showed no significant difference, indicating that linseed oil diet was not harmful. Thus, this work evidenced that synthesis of essential fatty acids, primarily omega-3 fatty acids, was greater in zebrafish upon consumption of diets supplemented with linseed oil.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Linseed oil"

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Berg, Jorrit Dirk Jan van den. "Analytical chemical studies on traditional linseed oil paints." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2002. http://dare.uva.nl/document/61456.

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Sukplang, Patamaporn. "The Removal of Linseed Oil Vapors by Biodegradation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278809/.

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Linseed oil is very important in industry but its use is limited due to noxious vapors produced by oxidation on exposure to air. Since some of the products are toxic, release of linseed oil vapors to the environment is normally prohibited. In order to remove the odorous compounds, a biofilter system based on bacterial metabolism was designed and the major premises of bioremediation were studied. A total of five bacterial strains capable of using linseed oil vapors as their sources of carbon and energy were isolated from soil. The individual organisms were also mixed to form a bacterial consortium. The mixed population was able to degrade linseed oil vapors with more than 99 per cent efficiency. According to this research, a successful biodegradation system was designed and, theoretically, this system could be applied to the removal of linseed oil vapors in any industrial plant air stream.
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Supanchaiyamat, Nontipa. "Bio-based thermoset composites from epoxidised linseed oil." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3265/.

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Bio-based thermoset composites were prepared from epoxidised linseed oil (ELO) using bio-derived crosslinkers. The use of Pripol 1009 (a dimerised fatty acid derived from natural oils and fats) as a crosslinker yielded homogenous transparent films. The inclusion of catalysts, in particular, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), demonstrated a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the resins. An infrared spectroscopic study coupled with modulated differential scanning calorimetry revealed the epoxide ring opening, followed by etherification occurred during the curing process. The optimum DMAP catalyst loading was 0.5-1 % with respect to the total resin weight. The optimised formulation consisting of ELO, Pripol and DMAP were subsequently combined with starch or modified starch in order to improve the resin properties. Normal corn starch, high amylose corn starch and their acid hydrolysed derivatives were included in the formulation. The addition of starch improved the mechanical properties of the films with high amylose starch yielding a film with the most desirable properties. Expansion of high amylose corn starch (gelatinisation and retrogradation) yielded a high surface area material. The formulation with 20% wt. of gelatinised starch yielded a film with 227% improvement in tensile strength and 166% enhancement in Young’s modulus, compared to those with no added starch. Moreover, expanded starch granules uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix, resulting in a complete disappearance of phase separation. This was attributed to better interfacial adhesion of porous expanded starch and the polymer matrix. Thermal analysis revealed retardation in the cure process in the presence of starch, however the hydroxyl groups of starch were likely to enhance the extent of curing, as indicated by the higher total enthalpy of reaction. Furthermore, these bio-based composites demonstrated excellent thermal stability. Esterification of expanded starch dramatically decreased the water uptake of the resins however, the mechanical properties were compromised, owing to low thermal stability of the esterified starch.
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Olsson, Helena. "Making wood durable. A sustainable approachwith linseed oil." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259682.

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Linseed oil has been and is used for vast number of applications, such as in food and paint industry, and wood preservation. It is a good environmental choice, as it originates from renewable sources. Linseed oil is mainly a mixture of triglyceride of fatty acids, both saturated and mono- or polyunsaturated, which allows the oil to oxidize. The oxidation occurs via an auto-oxidation mechanism with the carbon-carbon double bonds and oxygen from the air, reacts to form a polymer. Herein, four different linseed oils (three commercial ones and one industrially available) were analyzed to obtain a better understanding of why different oils provide different protection of wooden materials. This was done by a study of the unoxidized oil, followed by an oxidation time-resolved study of oxidized oil films. The analysis was done by nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and/or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. This study provided the fatty acid profile of the oils, which were similar for all oils. The unoxidized oils contained some metals ions which probably originate from additives. Aluminum, cobalt, iron, manganese, and zinc was detected in some of the oils at concentrations up to 135 mg/L, but only manganese was detected in all oils and its concentration was much higher than all other metals together. The time-resolved oxidation study had some problems with the solubility of the formed polymers. Several solvents were examined, such as dimethylsulfoxide, alkaline alcohol solutions and toluene, before chloroform-d was chosen as solvent. Though, chloroform-d was not a perfect solvent; it was capable to solve a fraction of the sample, but the fraction decreased with oxidation time. After fifteen days of oxidation, only a few percent of the sample could be dissolved, but for short oxidation times (<48 h) the majority of the samples were dissolved. The oils were analyzed after thirteen different oxidation times. Some structural changes appeared, for example loss of unsaturated protons and some oxidation products arose, such as peroxides and aldyhydes. The diffusion coefficient decreased over the first 3-4 days of oxidation, as expected when the polymerization progressed. After a week of oxidation, the diffusion coefficient increased again, this could possibly be explained by the solubility problem for the large polymer formed. Contrary, at shorter oxidation times this method probably could still be used, as the majority of the sample was dissolved. However, the solubility problem made it impossible to conclude anything about the oxidation rate at longer oxidation times and thus prevented any ranking of the oils.
Linolja har använts och används för många olika tillämpningar, till exempel i mat- och färgindustrin, samt för att bevara trä. Det är klimatmässigt ett bra val, då det kommer från en förnyelsebar källa. Linolja innehåller huvudsakligen en blandning av triglycerider av fettsyror, som både kan vara mättade, enkelomättade eller fleromättade, detta gör att linolja kan oxidera och torka. Oxidationen sker via en auto-oxidation mekanism, med kol-kol dubbelbindningarna och syre från luften som producerar till en polymer. I detta projekt undersöktes fyra olika linoljor (tre kommersiella och en industriell), för att ge en bättre förståelse till varför olika oljor ger olika bra skydd för trämaterial. Detta gjordes genom att undersöka de icke-oxiderade oljorna och sedan göra en tidsstudie på oxiderade oljefilmer. Alla dessa prover analyserades med nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and/or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Studien gav resultat på sammansättningen av fettsyror i oljorna, vilken var liknande för alla oljorna. De icke-oxiderade oljorna innehöll ett par metaller, som förmodligen kommer från additiv. Aluminium, kobolt, järn, mangan och zink hittades i några av oljorna i koncentrationer upp till 135 mg/L, men bara mangan var detekterad i alla oljorna och dess koncentration var högre än alla andra metaller tillsammans. Tidsstudien hade problem med lösligheten av proverna. Flertalet lösningsmedel undersöktes, exempelvis dimetylsulfoxid, alkaliska alkohollösningar och toluen, innan kloroform-d valdes som lösningsmedel. Däremot var kloroform-d inte ett perfekt lösningsmedel, den hade förmågan att lösa en del av proverna, men den delen minskade med oxidationstid. Efter femton dagar kunde den bara lösa ett par procent, men efter kortare oxideringstider (<48 h) gick majoriteten av proven att lösa. Oljorna analyserades vid tretton olika oxideringstider. Några strukturella förändringar uppmättes, till exempel minskade mängden dubbelbindningar, och ett par biprodukter från oxideringen detekterades, så som peroxider och aldehyder. Diffusionskonstanterna för oljorna minskade under de första 3-4 dagarna av oxidering, precis som förväntat under polymeriseringen. Efter en vecka av oxidering ökade diffusionskonstanterna igen, det kan förmodligen förklaras av löslighetsproblemen, då diffusionskonstanten är beroende av koncentrationen. Å andra sidan, vid kortare oxideringstider kan denna metod fortfarande användas, eftersom vid denna tidpunkt löste sig fortfarande majoriteten av provet. Dock, löslighetsproblemet gjorde det omöjligt att dra slutsatser kring längre oxideringstider och därmed förhindrades rangordning av oljorna.
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Almas, Ria Afifah. "Study of Grain Formation in Linseed Oil-Based Paints." Thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289174.

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Studien har klart och tydligt resulterat i att ett antalspecifika resultat rörande betydelsen av olika materialsammansättningars påverkan kornbildningen. Resultaten visar på vilka orsaker som finns för denna kornbildning samt hur färgsammansättningen kan varieras för att minska detta problem.
A study of grain formation in linseed oil-based paint have been conducted. The grains were formed in linseed oil paints with either Yellow1, Yellow 2, Black, or Red as the pigments. There are two types of grain formation which has been observed from the paint samples. (a) The grains which immediately appear in the newly made paint with Yellow 1, Yellow 2, and Red paints (b) while the other type is the grain that developed as the function of storage time in Black linseed oil paint. The results clearly show the cause of the defects.
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Selleri, Paola <1974&gt. "An advanced analytical study on linseed oil paint binder." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3691/1/Selleri_Paola_tesi.pdf.

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Drying oils, and in particular linseed oil, were the most common binding media employed in painting between XVI and XIX centuries. Artists usually operated some pre-treatments on the oils to obtain binders with modified properties, such as different handling qualities or colour. Oil processing has a key role on the subsequent ageing of and degradation of linseed oil paints. In this thesis a multi-analytical approach was adopted to investigate the drying, polymerization and oxidative degradation of the linseed oil paints. In particular, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), yielding information on the macromolecular scale, were compared with gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and direct exposure mass spectrometry (DEMS) providing information on the molecular scale. The study was performed on linseed oils and paint reconstructions prepared according to an accurate historical description of the painting techniques of the 19th century. TGA revealed that during ageing the molecular weight of the oils changes and that higher molecular weight fractions formed. TGA proved to be an excellent tool to compare the oils and paint reconstructions. This technique is able to highlight the different physical behaviour of oils that were processed using different methods and of paint layers on the basis of the different processed oil and /or the pigment used. GC/MS and DE-MS were used to characterise the soluble and non-polymeric fraction of the oils and paint reconstructions. GC/MS allowed us to calculate the ratios of palmitic to stearic acid (P/S), and azelaic to palmitic acid (A/P) and to evaluate effects produced by oil pre-treatments and the presence of different pigments. This helps to understand the role of the pre-treatments and of the pigments on the oxidative degradation undergone by siccative oils during ageing. DE-MS enabled the various molecular weight fractions of the samples to be simultaneously studied, and thus helped to highlight the presence of oxidation and hydrolysis reactions, and the formation of carboxylates that occur during ageing and with the changing of the oil pre-treatments and the pigments. The combination of thermal analysis with molecular techniques such as GC-MS, DEMS and FTIR enabled a model to be developed, for unravelling some crucial issues: 1) how oil pre-treatments produce binders with different physical-chemical qualities, and how this can influence the ageing of an oil paint film; 2) which is the role of the interaction between oil and pigments in the ageing and degradation process.
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Selleri, Paola <1974&gt. "An advanced analytical study on linseed oil paint binder." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3691/.

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Drying oils, and in particular linseed oil, were the most common binding media employed in painting between XVI and XIX centuries. Artists usually operated some pre-treatments on the oils to obtain binders with modified properties, such as different handling qualities or colour. Oil processing has a key role on the subsequent ageing of and degradation of linseed oil paints. In this thesis a multi-analytical approach was adopted to investigate the drying, polymerization and oxidative degradation of the linseed oil paints. In particular, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), yielding information on the macromolecular scale, were compared with gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and direct exposure mass spectrometry (DEMS) providing information on the molecular scale. The study was performed on linseed oils and paint reconstructions prepared according to an accurate historical description of the painting techniques of the 19th century. TGA revealed that during ageing the molecular weight of the oils changes and that higher molecular weight fractions formed. TGA proved to be an excellent tool to compare the oils and paint reconstructions. This technique is able to highlight the different physical behaviour of oils that were processed using different methods and of paint layers on the basis of the different processed oil and /or the pigment used. GC/MS and DE-MS were used to characterise the soluble and non-polymeric fraction of the oils and paint reconstructions. GC/MS allowed us to calculate the ratios of palmitic to stearic acid (P/S), and azelaic to palmitic acid (A/P) and to evaluate effects produced by oil pre-treatments and the presence of different pigments. This helps to understand the role of the pre-treatments and of the pigments on the oxidative degradation undergone by siccative oils during ageing. DE-MS enabled the various molecular weight fractions of the samples to be simultaneously studied, and thus helped to highlight the presence of oxidation and hydrolysis reactions, and the formation of carboxylates that occur during ageing and with the changing of the oil pre-treatments and the pigments. The combination of thermal analysis with molecular techniques such as GC-MS, DEMS and FTIR enabled a model to be developed, for unravelling some crucial issues: 1) how oil pre-treatments produce binders with different physical-chemical qualities, and how this can influence the ageing of an oil paint film; 2) which is the role of the interaction between oil and pigments in the ageing and degradation process.
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Poon, Edmond. "Towards the synthesis of novel linseed oil based anhydride compounds." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/58567/.

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This thesis describes the synthesis of a novel anhydride that could theoretically be used to strengthen cellulose fibres in terms of their water resistance for potential use as a potential green replacement for fibreglass. The first chapter, the introduction, is split into 3 parts which are the 3 constituent parts to the novel anhydride molecule, the PEG, the cellulose and the linseed oil. The first part of the introduction highlights the uses of PEGs in industry now, with its flexibility and hydrophilicity resulting in its use in a wide range of products varying from cosmetics to hydraulic fluid. The second part of the introduction describes the cellulose fibres and its vast potential usefulness due to its abundance. Furthermore, its current uses are explored, with uses in the Pharmaceutical industry among other things. The third part to the introduction deals with the synthesis of the linoleic (and other unsaturated long-chain hydrocarbons) alcohol and how its unsaturated bonds can cross-link to form hydrogen bonds between individual hydrocarbons. Crosslinking between inter-molecular bonds is theorized to occur between the cellulose and the unsaturated hydrocarbon as well. The second chapter is the results and discussion which describes the results of the experimental procedures of this thesis. Due to the difficulties of collecting the pure ether during the Williamson ether synthesis stage, the practical side of the thesis was stalled at the formation the ether step. However, spectroscopically pure Linoleyl Bromides, Tosylates and Mesylates were all produced as was the pure monoprotected trityl PEGs. The third and final chapter contains the experimental data for the compounds produced in the previous chapter.
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Olsson, Tomas. "Physical and morphological aspects of linseed oil impregnated pine (Pinus Sylvestris)." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16848.

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This work has investigated the possibilities of increasing wood durability using environmentally friendly chemicals. The chemical used in this study was linseed oil. The study also investigated flow paths during impregnation in pine and spruce. The first order voids of wood samples were impregnated with a low viscosity epoxi which was subsequently thermally cured. By observing the solid epoxi with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was possible to determine the critical features which limit the flow in the selected species. The take up of linseed oil was measured using an X-ray microdensitometry technique. Quantification of the impregnant (within annual rings) was made by comparing densitometric curves from the impregnated samples with curves from the same specimens after the impregnated oil had been removed. Observations of fracture surfaces in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed evidence of microstructural damage caused by the impregnation process.
Godkänd; 1999; 20070403 (ysko)
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Sabally, Kebba. "Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of selected phenolic lipids in organic solvent media." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102161.

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Lipase-catalyzed esterification and transesterification reactions of selected phenolic acids with lipids were investigated in organic solvent media. The esterification of linoleyl alcohol with dihydrocaffeic acid (DHA) in neat hexane medium resulted in highest esterification yield (EY) of 17% when a Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym 435) was used to catalyze the reaction. The use of co-solvents t-butanol and 2-butanone with hexane resulted in a dramatic increase in EY. The highest EY of 83% was obtained in hexane:2-butanone mixture of 85:15 (v/v) using Novozym 435; however lower EY (40%) was obtained when a lipase from Rhizomucor meihei (Lipozyme IM 20) was used. Increasing the amount of the co-solvent 2-butanone in the hexane:2-butanone mixture to 75:25 (v/v) resulted in a lower EY of 75% with Novozym 435; using the same enzyme, the esterification of a more unsaturated alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, with DHCA in the hexane:2-butanone mixture of 75:25 (v/v) resulted in EY of 76% which was similar to that obtained with linoleyl alcohol as lipid substrate. The esterification of DHCA and ferulic acid with linolenyl alcohol in the hexane:2-butanone mixture of 65:35 (v/v) resulted in an EY of 58 and 16%, respectively. Both linoleyl and linolenyl alcohols demonstrated mass action effects with EY of 99% in DHCA: fatty alcohol ratio of 1:8. Using a molar ratio of 1:2, the transesterification reactions of DHCA with trilinolein (TLA) and trilinolenin (TLNA) in hexane:2-butanone mixture of 75:25 (v/v) resulted in total transesterification yields (TYs) of phenolic lipids of 66 and 62%, respectively. The TYs of phenolic monoacylglycerols was higher than that of phenolic diacylglycerols for both TLA and TLNA transesterification reactions. A lower molar ratio of DHCA to TLA of 1:4 resulted in a lower TY of 53%. Using a molar ratio of 1:2, the TY of TLA and TLNA with ferulic acid in hexane:2-butanone mixture of 65:35 (v/v) was 16 and 14%, respectively. An equal molar transesterification reaction of DHCA with flaxseed oil, in a hexane:2-butanone mixture of 75:25 (v/v), resulted in the production of only phenolic monoacylglycerols (19%); however, decreasing the molar ratio resulted in the production of both phenolic mono and diacylglycerols. A molar ratio of DHCA to flaxseed oil (1:8) resulted in a TY of 76%, with 43 and 33% phenolic mono and diacylglycerols, respectively. Changing the solvent mixture of hexane:2-butanone from 65:35 to 85:15 (v/v) resulted in an increased in the TY of phenolic diacylglycerols from 24 to 55% with no significant effect on the TY of phenolic monoacylglycerols. The transesterification reaction resulted in a change in the composition of the C18:3 FA from 53% in the unmodified oil to 60 and 65% in the phenolic mono and diacylglycerols. Transesterification reaction of DHCA with fish liver oil in the solvent mixtures of hexane:2-butanone of 75:25 and 85:15 (v/v) resulted in TY of 56 and 65%, respectively. Transesterification in solvent: mixture of 75:25 resulted in a 40 and 16% TY of phenolic mono and diacylglycerols, respectively, whereas that in the solvent mixture of 85:15 (v/v) resulted in a 38 and 37% TY of phenolic mono and diacylglycerols, respectively. The structures of phenolic lipids of linoleyl and linolenyl alcohols with DHCA were confirmed by LC/MS analysis likewise for the phenolic mono and diacylglycerols from transesterification of DHCA with TLA and TLNA as well as flaxseed and fish liver oils. The phenolic esters of the fatty alcohols demonstrated radical scavenging properties similar to that of alpha-tocopherol but less than for DHCA; however, the phenolic lipids obtained with the use of TLA and TLNA as substrate as well as flaxseed and fish liver oil, demonstrated significant radical scavenging effects but less than that of alpha-tocopherol and DHCA.
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Books on the topic "Linseed oil"

1

Limited, BASF United Kingdom, ed. Linseed law: A handbook for growers and advisers. Hadleigh: BASF United Kingdom Limited, 1987.

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Sylvie, Cloutier, and Ragupathy Raja, eds. Flax lipids: Classes, biosynthesis, genetics and the promise of applied genomics for understanding and altering of fatty acids. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Beutler, Jade. Flax for life!: 101 delicious recipes and tips featuring fabulous flax oil. Encinitas, CA: Progressive Health Pub., 1996.

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Institute of Economic and Market Research., ed. Status and prospects of selected oils and oilseeds in India: Safflower, niger, cotton seed, coconut, palm oil, rice bran, linseed, castor, tree oils. New Delhi: Institute of Economic & Market Research, 1993.

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Parker, James N., and Philip M. Parker. Flaxseed oil: A medical dictionary, bibliography, and annotated research guide to Internet references. San Diego, CA: ICON Health Publications, 2004.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Manufactures. Adulterated or Mislabeled Paint, Turpentine, or Linseed Oil.: Additional Hearings on S. 1130: hearings before the United States Senate Committee on Manufactures, Sixty-First Congress, second session, on Apr. 13, May 3, 1910. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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translator, Xie Chenghan, ed. Jing ren no xue guan ni ling jian kang fa: Riben ming yi qin zheng nian qing 15 sui. Xinbei Shi: Hui hong qi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 2016.

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Chemistry of Linseed Oil. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Linseed: Growing for oil production. [Dublin]: Teagasc, 1989.

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Ennis, William Duane. Linseed Oil and Other Seed Oils: An Industrial Manual. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Linseed oil"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "linseed oil." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 324. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_6045.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Linseed Oil." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 429. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6948.

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Krist, Sabine. "Linseed Oil." In Vegetable Fats and Oils, 421–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30314-3_67.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Prepared Linseed Oil." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 585. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9398.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Bodied Linseed Oil." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_1455.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Acid Refined Linseed Oil." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_159.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alkali Refined Linseed Oil." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_429.

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Rao, Riccardo. "La commercializzazione del vino e dell’olio in Italia settentrionale attraverso lo studio dei daziari tardomedievali." In Reti Medievali E-Book, 275–84. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-423-6.16.

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The contribution reconstructs the wine and oil trade in Northern Italy, starting from the analysis of late medieval tariff books. The tariff books of the major cities are characterised by a wide range of wine products, which included Greek wines, but also wines traded regionally. Olive oil together with linseed oil constitutes the most important variety among cooking oils.
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Włodarczyk, Paweł P., and Barbara Włodarczyk. "Direct Electricity Production from Linseed Oil." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 391–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13888-2_39.

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Devi, N. Surmina, Srujani Behera, and Senpon Ngomle. "Diseases of Linseed (Linum usitassimum L.) and Their Integrated Management." In Diseases of Oil Crops and Their Integrated Management, 61–75. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032627960-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Linseed oil"

1

Яблоков, А. Г., И. П. Ольховская, and Н. Н. Глущенко. "LINSEED OIL IS A POTENTIAL CORRECTOR OF IRONDEFICIENCY ANEMIA." In Современные тенденции развития технологий здоровьсбережения. Москва: Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52101/9785870191027_2021_498.

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"Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete Coated With Linseed Oil." In SP-122: Paul Klieger Symposium on Performance of Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/2466.

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Rai, Ashutosh Kumar, Bhupendra Singh Chauhan, Haeng Muk Cho, and Naveen Kumar. "A Study on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fuelled With Linseed Oil and Diesel Blends." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65937.

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To meet the challenges of increased energy need and concerned about environmental friendly, renewable fuels are being explored in the current energy scenario. In the present study non edible Linseed oil was used as alternative source for diesel engine fuel. The physico-chemical properties were evaluated and compared with mineral Diesel and found in close resemblance. The fuel was tested by using performance and emission parameters on an unmodified single cylinder diesel engine. The study was done by using diesel & Diesel-linseed oil blends at various loads from no load to 100% loads with interval of 20%. The linseed fuel was blended into 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% v/v ratio with neat diesel and compared with baseline data of neat diesel operation. Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumptions were studied and emission parameters such as CO (carbon mono oxide), UBHC (unburned hydrocarbon), NOx (oxides of nitrogen), CO2 (carbon di oxide), exhaust temperature were measured. The thermal efficiency of the engine was lower and the brake specific energy consumption of the engine was higher when the engine was fueled with Linseed oil-Diesel blends compared to diesel fuel. Emission characteristics are better than diesel fuel. NOx formations, using various fuel blends during the whole range of experiment were lower than diesel fuel. The results from the experimental study suggest that the linseed oil could be a potential substitute for diesel engine in the near future as far as small and medium energy productions are concerned.
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., Juita, Dlugogorski B.Z., Kennedy E.M., and Mackie J.C. "Effect of Cobalt and Cerium on Self-Heating of Linseed Oil." In Sixth International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7724-8_09-04.

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Guihéneuf, Simon, Arnaud Perrot, and Damien Rangeard. "Linseed Oil and Xanthan Gum: Promising Stabilisers for Earthen Building Materials." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.245.

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In the current context, the development of new bio-based and local building materials is becoming mandatory. Among them, earthen materials have a strong potential to be used as sustainable structural materials but their variability and their water sensitivity impact their mechanical properties that are difficult to guaranty. Recent developments have emphasised the ability of some bio-based additions to help to ensure these properties: linseed oil and xanthan gum are part of them. In this paper three different Breton earths, representative of a certain local variability, are studied. The impact of the selected bio-based additions on earths’ rheological behaviour is followed in order to adapt it to different forming processes. Then, the mechanical properties of different earth-addition combinations at the dry state, exposed to hygric variations and immersion are investigated for different forming processes. The findings highlight the fact that xanthan gum and linseed oil have a relevant ability to stabilise earthen blocks, that can be processed using different promising forming methods.
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Agarwal, Avinash Kumar. "Lubricating Oil Tribology of a Biodiesel-Fuelled Compression Ignition Engine." In ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2003-0609.

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Biodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from vegetable oils by modifying their molecular structure through transesterification process. Linseed oil methyl ester (LOME) was prepared using methanol in the presence of potassium hydroxide as catalyst. Use of linseed oil methyl ester in compression ignition engines was found to develop a very compatible engine-fuel system with lower emission characteristics. Two identical engines were subjected to long-term endurance tests, fuelled by optimum biodiesel blend (20% LOME) and diesel oil respectively. Various tribological studies on lubricating oil samples drawn at regular intervals for both engines were conducted in order to correlate the comparative performance of the two fuels and the effect of fuel chemistry on lubricating oil performance and life. A number of tests were conducted in order to evaluate comparative performance of the two fuels such as density measurement, viscosity measurements, flash point determination, moisture content determination, pentane and benzene insolubles, thin layer chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry etc. All these tests were used for indirect interpretation of comparative performance of these fuels. Biodiesel fuels performance is found to be superior to that of diesel oil and the lubricating oil life is found to have increased, while operating the engine on this fuel. NOTE: This paper was presented at the ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference but was printed in the ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine and Rail Transportation Divisions Fall Technical Conference proceedings, pages 427–441. It should appear under the Lubrication and Friction heading.
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Rousu, Sanna M., Patrick A. C. Gane, and Dan E. Eklund. "Influence of Coating Pigment Chemistry and Morphology on the Chromatographic Separation of Offset Ink Constituents." In The Science of Papermaking, edited by C. F. Baker. Fundamental Research Committee (FRC), Manchester, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/frc.2001.2.1115.

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This work is aimed at characterising the chromatographic action of some typical paper coating pigments in relation to the separation and fractionation of offset printing ink components during absorption into the coating void structure, with particular emphasis given to the chemical and structural parameters of the pigments. The separation phenomenon was studied experimentally using primarily large-scale model systems based on a modified thin-layer chromatography method. The separation of the ink constituents was detected directly from the absorption path using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) microscopy. The coatings were characterised for their physical properties using mercury porosimetry, and the absorbing fluids for their viscosity and surface energy. The ink-coated paper contact on the realistic scale was evaluated using the concept of ink-on-paper tack development. Coating pigments used in the work included typical paper coating grade ground calcium carbonates, fine clays of different origins, as well as talc and precipitated calcium carbonate. The choice of pigments provided the possibility to investigate independently the chemical and physical aspects of pigment properties on the constituent fluid separation. Ink chemicals included representatives of the most typical offset ink components; namely mineral oil, linseed oil, ink resins and ink pigment. A blend of mineral and linseed oils was used as the main test fluid. The differential interaction or adsorption-desorption on the pigments leads to separation of the mixture of mineral and vegetable (in this case linseed) oils as they are absorbed into the pigment coating structure, where the more polar linseed oil is preferentially retarded in the structure composed of the more polar pigments. The degree of the separation is directly proportional to the surface area of the pigment within a group of chemically and morphologically identical pigments. It is also affected by the surface chemistry of the pigment but more so in comparing dispersed and undispersed pigments, and polar versus non-polar rather than between the chemically different hydro- philic dispersed pigments. Pigment morphology strongly influences the macroscopic flow behaviour due to changes in physical porous structure (pore size, porosity, tortuosity). The macroscopic flow behaviour, which is affected by all of the above mentioned structural and chemical parameters of both the solid and liquid phases, proved to be a universal parameter determining the separation efficiency of the oils by affecting the retention time. Added ink resins in the oil mix retards the overall absorption rate of the oils, but does not affect the separation tendency of the oils in most of the cases studied, except in cases where less polar pigments or dispersions are involved. Adding latex into the coating structure, on the other hand, creates an additional gradient for separation of the oils as oil diffusion into the latex provides further selectivity.
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8

Dasgupta, Samhita, Barnali Ghatak, Sanjoy Banerjee, Sk Babar Ali, Jyotsna Dei, Bijay Kumar Behera, Runu Banerjee Roy, and Bipan Tudu. "Development of Linseed Oil Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor for Detection of Trimethylamine." In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Frontiers in Electrical and Electronic Technologies (ICEFEET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icefeet49149.2020.9186988.

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Popa, Viorica Mirela, Delia-Gabriela Dumbrava, Corina �. Dana Misca, Camelia Moldovan, and Diana-Nicoleta Raba. "EVALUATION OF THE FATTY ACID PROFILE OF SOME VEGETABLE OILS OF ROMANIAN ORIGIN." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.24.

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Waste from the food industry is of considerable value and is a valuable raw material, containing proteins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, etc. Large quantities of fruit kernels are currently wasted every year from processing plants all over the world, including Romania. This not only means the loss of a potentially valuable resource, but also creates serious problems regarding their storage and logistics in terms of environmental pollution. In order to value such by-products, the aim of this work was to study and evaluate 7 samples of vegetable oils obtained under laboratory conditions, as well as their saturated and unsaturated fatty acid profile. The oils were extracted from plant material of Romanian origin: apricot, plum, sour cherry kernels, apple seed and linseed, almond and walnuts. GC-MS gas chromatographic method was used to determine the fatty acid composition. The dominant fatty acids were the unsaturated ones, i.e. oleic acid (apricot kernel oil,) in the range 51.72- 61.74 % and linoleic acid (apple seed and walnut oil) in the range 57.38 -59.46 %, while linolenic acid (53.15%) predominated mainly in linseed oil. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) were also identified in all 7 oil samples, but in lower amounts (palmitic in the range 6.71 - 17.97% and stearic acid in the range 0.40-9.15%). With a high fat content and unsaturated fatty acid composition, these kernel and seed oils can be used in the food industry.
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Rankovic, Slavica, Tamara Popovic, Aleksandra Nenadovic, Anica Stankovic, Jasmina Debeljak Martacic, Andjelija Ilic, and Alexander Trbovich. "Effects of Long-Term Sunflower Oil vs. Linseed Oil Diets on Fatty Acids Phospholipids and Desaturases in Hepatocytes." In European Nutrition Conference. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091172.

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