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Journal articles on the topic 'Linguistic blame'
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Krisagbedo, E. C., C. U. Agbedo, A. K. Abubakar, and Y. Ibrahim. "Electoral Defeat, Conversational Practices of Blame and Avoidance of Responsibility in Nigerian Media Political Discourses." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 430–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1104.13.
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This paper addresses electoral defeat suffered by the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) at the 2015 presidential polls and the communicative character of blame and avoidance of responsibility as evident in the Nigerian media political discourses. Discourse analysts are yet to study the linguistic aspects of blame and avoidance of responsibility in great details. This work is intended as a contribution towards filling this lacuna in knowledge by examining the conversational discursive practices adopted by Nigerian politicians in the circumstances of blame risk to achieve the twin goals of positive self-presentation and consolidation of political capital (Hansson, 2015). Some PDP members enlisted the discursive strategies of blame avoidance, in which blames and denials are carefully and strategically planned to serve positive self-representation (semantic macro-strategy of in-group favouritism) and negative other-representation, that is, semantic macro-strategy of derogation of out-group, (https://www.hse.ru/en/). We illustrate the linguistic mechanism of blame and avoidance of responsibility and how it thrives as a dominant recurrent theme in conflict talk and public communication discourses. The findings tend to enrich and enliven the literature on discourse studies and by extension open fresh vistas of critical research into language use in politics.
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Fausey, Caitlin M., and Lera Boroditsky. "Subtle linguistic cues influence perceived blame and financial liability." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 17, no. 5 (October 2010): 644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/pbr.17.5.644.
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Mason, Marianne. "The role of interpreters in adjudicating blame." Translation and Interpreting Studies 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.10.2.02mas.
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This paper provides a linguistic analysis of the interpreter’s role in shaping the discursive reality of the Spanish-English bilingual courtroom. The paper examines the interpreter’s rendition of morphosyntactic features, specifically clitic pronouns and active-passive voice using excerpts from an actual jury trial. The aim of the study is to show how the interpreter’s treatment of linguistic features in exchanges between attorneys and witnesses may attribute agency to the defendant, and possibly suggest a relationship between the defendant and his alleged associates or victims that is not intended in the original utterance. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the field of courtroom interpreting by providing further insight into the relationship between an interpreter’s rendition of morphosyntactic features in attorney-witness exchanges and the attorney’s and witness’s ability to convey meaning and intent in a bilingual courtroom.
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Hansson, Sten. "Anticipative strategies of blame avoidance in government." Journal of Language and Politics 16, no. 2 (March 21, 2017): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.15019.han.
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Abstract Public communication practices of executive governments are often criticised by journalists, politicians, scholars, and other commentators. Therefore, government communication professionals routinely adopt various blame avoidance strategies, some of which are meant to ‘stop blame before it starts’ or to reduce their exposure to potential blame attacks. The linguistic aspects of such anticipative strategies are yet to be studied by discourse analysts. I contribute towards filling this gap by showing how written professional guidelines for government communicators could be interpreted as complex discursive devices of anticipative blame avoidance. I outline historically and institutionally situated issues of blame that inform the occupational habitus of government communicators in the UK. I bring examples from their propriety guidelines to illustrate how the use of certain discursive strategies limits the possible perceived blameworthiness of individual officeholders. I conclude by explicating the discursive underpinnings of two common operational blame avoidance strategies in government: ‘protocolisation’ and ‘herding’.
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Al-Abodi, Iman Khudhair Oda. "A Linguistic Study of Praise with Reference to Arabic Religious Texts." Journal of University of Human Development 5, no. 3 (July 23, 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n3y2019.pp108-115.
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This study explores praise as one of the expressive acts in Arabic. The love of praise is part of human nature and a sincere praise is an important tool in giving people confidence and hence making them feel happy and satisfied. The problem may increase when the speaker expresses his praise by using words of blame which might create some sort of ambiguity to the reader because he might understand it as blame rather than praise. For the sake of presenting and discussing the act of praising in Arabic, the present study aims at proving the linguistic devices of praise focusing on three aspects: pragmatic, semantic and syntactic in some religious texts. The theoretical part deals with investigating the pragmatic, semantic and syntactic aspects of praise as well as its types. The practical part deals with analyzing some religious texts taken from different aayas from different suras in the Glorious Quran. It is concluded that praise can be applied to religious texts depending on three aspects of language and Arabic language is distinguished by its heavy use of explicit and implicit forms expressing praise.
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Jaspers, Jürgen. "Authority and morality in advocating heteroglossia." Language, Culture and Society 1, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lcs.00005.jas.
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Abstract In this article I address the fact that influential strands in socio- and applied linguistics advocate heteroglossic policies in education and other monolingually organised domains without extending this heteroglossia to public debate about language policy. Often this occurs by presenting linguistic diversity to relevant stakeholders as natural and real, or as the only option on account of its proven effectiveness. I argue that this strategy removes options from the debate by framing it as a scientific rather than political one, that it confronts stakeholders with academic pressure and blame, and that this may diminish scholars’ impact on policy making. Using examples from research on translanguaging, repertoires, and linguistic citizenship, I will suggest that scholars may be more effective in contexts of value conflict when their knowledge serves to expand rather than reduce the range of alternatives for stakeholders. Focusing on education I will then explore how we may reclaim language policy from an evidence-based discourse and address matters of value besides matters of fact.
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Fast, Elizabeth, and Cathy Richardson/Kinewesquao. "VICTIM-BLAMING AND THE CRISIS OF REPRESENTATION IN THE VIOLENCE PREVENTION FIELD." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 10, no. 1 (February 14, 2019): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs101201918804.
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In this article, the authors apply response-based practice to highlight the ways in which victims are blamed in cases of violence. They problematize and explore the misrepresentation of violence across academic disciplines and institutional systems, including the social sciences, the helping professions, and the justice system. Fast and Richardson discuss the linguistic operations that serve to conceal violence and also to obscure the resistance of the victim, which tends to reflect the level and brutality of the violent acts. In order to demonstrate the processes of shifting blame and responsibility from the perpetrator to the victim, the authors also discuss particular Indigenous examples relating to the issue of attacks on and kidnappings of Indigenous women, and to the connections between violence, resource exploitation, and land dispossession.
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Viertmann, Christine. "Scapegoating in media coverage: Analysing blame-giving rituals in the public sphere." Public Relations Inquiry 7, no. 3 (September 2018): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x18796268.
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This article explores scapegoating in media coverage by analysing news reports on three former CEOs of large German corporations (Deutsche Börse, Deutsche Bank, and Deutsche Bahn) during crisis situations. Scapegoating is defined as a social mechanism including its linguistic construction as an archetypal narrative. The scapegoat role for each CEO was analysed by using content analysis of business news reports (n = 864) from eight print newspapers and one online paper. A new methodology was developed based on a combination of the Linguistic Category System proposed by Semin and Fiedler and the rhetorical approach of Narrative Theme Analysis formulated by Boje. In addition, eight semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with Hartmut Mehdorn (former CEO of Deutsche Bahn), two communication directors, and five business journalists. The results revealed differences in attribution of the so-called ‘sacrificial marks’ or ‘stigmata’ related to a CEO’s group affiliation and personality. A scapegoat index value S is presented as the measurand to capture the scapegoat role of a person in media texts. The limitations of the study are linked to the small number (three) of case studies and the new methodology that needs further testing.
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Canning, Patricia. "‘No ordinary crowd’: Foregrounding a ‘hooligan schema’ in the construction of witness narratives following the Hillsborough football stadium disaster." Discourse & Society 29, no. 3 (November 17, 2017): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926517734665.
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This article examines the linguistic appropriation and deflection of blame in the witness testimonies and evidence-gathering processes of the South Yorkshire Police (SYP) following the 1989 Hillsborough football stadium disaster. It specifically focuses on patterns of stylistic features, such as negation and syntactic foregrounding, which, it is argued, function to encode alternative institutionally congruent stories. It employs schema theory to explore how a ‘hooligan’ narrative was readily invoked and accepted by the SYP. Moreover, it addresses instances of both self-incrimination and the upgrading of police efficacy within statements produced by the South Yorkshire Metropolitan Ambulance Service (SYMAS), and offers a linguistic analysis that points to police involvement in the construction of the SYMAS testimonies.
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Spears, R., D. Abrams, P. Sheeran, S. C. S. Abraham, and D. Marks. "Social judgements of sex and blame in the context of AIDS: Gender and linguistic frame." British Journal of Social Psychology 30, no. 1 (March 1991): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1991.tb00921.x.
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van Schepen, Nynke. "Political transparency matters: Citizens challenging officials via ‘have you planned X’-type questions." Discourse & Society 30, no. 5 (June 18, 2019): 521–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926519855784.
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This article examines how citizens, invited to ask questions in public plenary consultation meetings within a participatory democracy procedure in urban planning in France, point at something that has not been mentioned in the public debate, thereby challenging the recipient. More specifically, this article is interested in studying, deploying the analytical framework offered by Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics, a particular French linguistic turn design adopted by the citizens: variations of ‘have you planned X?’. These interrogatives are concerned with an aspect of the procedure the citizens present as relevant, but which has not been mentioned by the professionals. By adopting a turn format that requests confirmation, citizens display caution to not attribute blame overtly to the recipient for this perceived lack. At the same time, these questions make visible how citizens orient to public and political transparency as a social and political standard the recipients are obliged to uphold.
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Cope, Jen. "Quoting to persuade." AILA Review 33 (October 7, 2020): 136–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.00034.cop.
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Abstract This paper examines how quotations are linguistically constructed by expert contributors in US, UK, and Australian opinion texts, vis-à-vis their form, function, and processes. Cope’s (2016) study found that authoritative expert contributors integrated a considerable number of quotations on blame and responsibility for the global financial crisis in single-authored US, UK, and Australian opinion texts. By examining the form, function, and processes of quoting in this paper, she found evidence that quoting is an intertextual form of positioning. Empirically grounded linguistic analyses investigate the language of quoting frames – how the quoted source is specified, the quoting verb used, e.g., strong meanings (demanded, thundered, promised) or neutral (said, told) – and evaluate the language of propositional content in quotations. Such analyses reveal authorial positions taken in quoting. A greater number of quotations incorporated by general newspaper opinion authors, than by specialized financial newspaper opinion authors, furthermore implies that quoting increases a writer’s authority in non-specialized media sources. The specially created integrated linguistic framework draws on Martin & White’s (2005) Appraisal system from systemic-functional linguistics, White’s (2012, 2015) attribution and endorsement, and Bazerman’s (2004) intertextuality techniques. Contextual factors in language use and quoting are evaluated throughout. This paper thus provides evidence of, and implications for, quoting in cross-cultural opinion texts, and contributes to knowledge on the increasingly mediatized practice of language recycling and to media literacy.
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Kellam, A. M. P. "The Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, So-called." British Journal of Psychiatry 150, no. 6 (June 1987): 752–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.752.
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Because of its rarity, the neuroleptic malignant syndrome has been studied in a survey of the world literature. Similar conditions which occurred before the advent of neuroleptics have also been included, as they may indicate that the drugs are not totally to blame. It is also apparent that with modern treatments, the condition is not usually lethal. The implications of this for theories of dopaminergic disturbances underlying the mental illnesses involved are considered. An overall picture of the syndrome, its treatment and outcome, is presented from over 200 published references. The spread of recognition of the condition throughout the world and especially across linguistic barriers has been followed.
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Appleton, Catherine, and Kerry Mallan. "Filling the Silence: Giving Voice to Gender Violence in Una's Graphic Novel Becoming Unbecoming." International Research in Children's Literature 11, no. 1 (July 2018): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2018.0253.
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Written in the style of a memoir, Una's graphic novel, Becoming Unbecoming, takes readers on a poignant journey with a young girl who experiences silence, shame and blame after being subjected to male sexual violence. The protagonist's story is played out against the backdrop of the rapes and murders committed by the notorious Yorkshire Ripper. This paper examines the text's multilayered narrative, which uses a range of graphic strategies and artistic styles to challenge its readers to make meaning, fill in the gaps and piece together their own version of events. The text's fragmented and disconnected sequences mimic the nature of traumatic memory, and the shifting linguistic–visual narration moves between fact, story, experience and emotion.
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Aull, Laura L., and David West Brown. "Fighting words: a corpus analysis of gender representations in sports reportage." Corpora 8, no. 1 (May 2013): 27–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2013.0033.
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In this study, we explore linguistic constructions of gender in US sports reportage concerning two related basketball altercations: the Pacers–Pistons NBA fight in 2004 and the Shock–Sparks WNBA fight in 2008. We use a combined corpus and qualitative textual analysis to investigate coverage from the days immediately following the fights and to compare that coverage to sports reportage more generally. Our analysis reveals key differences in narrative focus; for example, that NBA coverage is most interested in blame assignation in the isolated event, while WNBA coverage concerns gender and the league writ large. Such patterns, which are realised linguistically in both explicit and implicit ways, contribute to the ‘othering’ of women and women athletes in the increasingly important sports-media-commercial complex.
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Dean, Tim. "Genre Blindness in the New Descriptivism." Modern Language Quarterly 81, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 527–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-8637950.
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Abstract This essay considers the “descriptive turn” in literary studies from the vantage point of poetics, arguing that the history of Western poetry, from the Greeks to the present, offers through the category of epideixis a theory and practice of description that illuminates some of the methodological impasses of contemporary literary studies. Epideixis, a basic mode of pointing or linguistic ostension, confers value, often by way of praise or blame, without trying to persuade its audience with the practical immediacy of political or forensic rhetoric. Drawing on the ordinary language philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Stanley Cavell, the essay suggests that praise constitutes a philosophically rigorous alternative to critique. This argument is exemplified via the work of Mark Doty, a contemporary poet of description-as-praise.
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Scheffels, Erin, Julie Bond, and Lorraine E. Monteagut. "Framing the Bicyclist: A Qualitative Study of Media Discourse about Fatal Bicycle Crashes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 6 (April 18, 2019): 628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119839348.
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This research examines the linguistic choices that frame relationships between bicyclists and other parties involved in fatal crash events. Textual data were collected from media reports of all bicyclist traffic fatalities that occurred from January 2009 through June 2018 in Hillsborough County, Florida, which has a disproportionately high number of bicyclist deaths compared with other areas of the U.S. The media reports were coded with a qualitative data analysis software and analyzed using critical discourse analysis (CDA), a rigorous qualitative method used to analyze oral and written communication developed by Fairclough. Through CDA, the study examines how linguistic choices produce meaning and reinforce the “common sense” or “taken-for-granted” lexicon of transportation. Results show the majority of news reports were episodic rather than thematic, focusing on the traffic event and the parties involved in the crash, particularly the bicyclist. Vocabulary, grammatical structure, and narrative framing of news reports largely functioned to remove blame from the motorist and to highlight the bicyclist’s actions. These linguistic strategies reflect the assumption that responsibility for safety rests on the bicyclist and detracts attention from potential social policy reform that would lead to fewer bicyclist fatalities. A minority of articles written with thematic frames focused on broader issues such as social capital, safety education, and advocacy. This interdisciplinary study is a unique contribution to transportation literature, employing a methodology typically reserved for communication scholars and linguists.
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Plemenitaš, Katja. "Framing violence in presidential discourse." Ars & Humanitas 14, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ars.14.1.139-155.
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The paper discusses the characteristics of modern American presidential political rhetoric with special reference to Barack Obama’s speeches in which he addressed the highly publicized killings of black Americans. Three of the analysed speeches contain Obama’s rhetorical reaction to the judicial decisions not to indict the police officers responsible for the killings, while one speech gives his immediate reaction to the mass murder of black parishioners by a white supremacist. The study is based on the discourse-linguistic analysis of attitudinal meanings and their functions, which are conceptualized as evaluative frames. Evaluative frames are used to highlight different kinds of discourse participants through judgments of behaviour, attributions of emotions and evaluations of semiotic phenomena and objects. The theoretical framework for the different categories of evaluative frames is based on the theory of news framing and theory of evaluative language within systemic-functional linguistics. The findings of the analysis show that Obama uses an interplay of positive and negative evaluations of different kinds to transcend racial categorizations and avoid a direct attribution of blame. When he acknowledges the continuing relevance of the racial divide in US society, he often applies evaluative frames in such a way that they unify rather than divide the discourse participants on both sides of the divide.
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PLESHAKOVA, ANNA. "Strike, accident, risk, and counter-factuality: hidden meanings of the post-Soviet Russian news discourse of the 1990s via conceptual blending." Language and Cognition 6, no. 3 (April 15, 2014): 301–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2014.3.
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abstractDrawing upon Paul Chilton’s (2005) approach to manipulative discourse analysis, this paper looks into how the ideas of risk and blame, as shifted from Yeltsin and his team of ‘reformers’ in the pursuit of restoring Yeltsin’s political credibility, were propagated through the media news management during the presidential election of 1996. By applying the Conceptual Integration or Blending framework (Fauconnier & Turner, 2002) to a case study of the Russian news story about an airport strike, the paper reveals how the mass media was manipulated at an almost invisible level, which has not been explored so far. The paper argues that conceptual integration can be successfully used as a core cognitive linguistic research method for elucidating culturally specific and historically changing cognitive frames and analysis of counter-factuality in manipulative news discourse.
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Ethelb, Hamza. "The People or the Police: Who to Blame? A Study Investigating Linguistic and Textual Devices Journalists Use in Framing News Stories." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0612.02.
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One news event may be represented differently by different news organizations. Research in news representation remains sparse in Arabic. This article investigates some of the linguistic and textual devices used in journalistic texts. It looks at the way these devices are used to influence public opinion. This gives rise to significance of conducting this research. This study uses these devices within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). For the purpose of this study, four news articles produced by Aljazeera and Al-Arabiya were examined under CDA in order to show how journalists structure their news stories to imply an ideological stance. The analysis showed that Aljazeera and Al-Arabiya represented the people and the police differently, each according to their ideological and political leanings. This resulted in the public having different opinions of the event.
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Silver, Cassandra. "Making the Bedouins: Code-Switching as Model for the Translation of Multilingual Drama." Theatre Research in Canada 38, no. 2 (November 2017): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.38.2.201.
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The translation of theatre from one linguistic and cultural context to another can be uniquely challenging; these challenges are multiplied when the source text is itself multilingual. René-Daniel Dubois’s Ne blâmez jamais les Bédouins, translated into English under the name Don’t Blame the Bedouins by Martin Kevan, unfolds in English, French, Italian, German, Russian, and Mandarin. The original “French” text presents as postdramatic, deconstructing language and identity in a sometimes frenetic pastiche. Kevan’s “Anglophone” text, however, resists the postdramatic deconstruction in the original, instead bulking up Dubois’ macaronic and archetype-heavy collage with some attempts at psychological depth. Because of its polyglossic complexity and because it has been translated, published, and produced in both English and French, it proves an excellent case study that allows for an in-depth analysis of how multilingual theatrical translation can be carried out. I propose that Kevan’s translation of Dubois’ play exhibits not only textual and performative translation, but that he also translates the linguistically-coded aesthetic conventions that distinguish Quebecois and English Canadian drama and their respective audiences. Kevan shows sensitivity to the gap between the politics of language in French and English Canada as well as to the gap between theatrical codes in both linguistic communities by amplifying the psychological realism and consequently tempering the language politics in his “English” version of Dubois’s work. The choices that Kevan made in his translation are here elucidated by borrowing linguistic theories of conversational code-switching to analyze both versions of the play.
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Torres Martínez, Sergio. "A role for lexical bundles in the implementation of Content and Language Integrated Learning programmes in Colombian universities." English Today 29, no. 2 (May 8, 2013): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078413000151.
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The production of content-appropriate discourse in academic English has proved a difficult task for learners in different disciplines in Colombian universities. There is plenty of blame to go around: among other problems, educators frequently point to the belief that language courses (isolated from university subjects) automatically promote linguistic skills transferable to a specific subject-language, the informal approach to subjects demanding high-skill communicative proficiency, the abuse of L1 informal register in both L1 and L2 academic writing and speaking; the idiosyncratic academic culture dominated by a blinkered return-of-investment thinking, and the lack of academic rigour leading to distinct increments in existing knowledge. In such a scenario, it becomes apparent that a practical, unambiguous approach is to be taken in order to facilitate the implementation of a more seamless integration of language and content in Colombian EAP classrooms.
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Chaemsaithong, Krisda, and Yoonjeong Kim. "‘It was him’: Representational strategies, identity, and legitimization in the Boston Marathon bombing trial narratives." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 27, no. 4 (November 2018): 286–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947018794095.
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Adopting a systemic functional linguistic view of language as a system of options from which language users choose to construct meaning, this study seeks to critically explicate the constitutive roles of reference terms and event description in accomplishing character positioning in the opening event of a recent high-profile capital trial, the Boston Marathon bombing trial of 2015. Incorporating Halliday’s concept of transitivity and Van Leeuwen’s inventory of social actors, the quantitative and qualitative analysis reveals that the prosecution and defence differ starkly in representational practice and that both reference terms and event description are prime stylistic devices that synergistically serve not only to construct and ascribe polarized identities to characters in their narratives but also to (de-)humanize the defendant before the verdict is reached, thereby (de-)legitimizing blame and responsibility and potentially influencing the jury’s decisions.
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Rajagopalan, Kanavillil. "National languages as flags of allegiance, or the linguistics that failed us." Identity Politics 1, no. 1 (August 16, 2002): 115–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.1.1.08raj.
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This paper focuses on what appears to be the emergence of linguistic chauvinism in Brazil. Large-scale influx currently under way of foreign words (mostly from English) into the country’s national language, Portuguese, is being eyed with suspicion and distrust by large segments of the population. The current crisis was kick-started by a federal deputy in the House of Representatives who presented a controversial bill aimed at curbing the use of foreignisms by the use of law. Critics have however been quick to point out that the bill is a covert attempt to advance a political agenda. The paper examines the role of linguists in the unfolding national debate. After noting that they have by and large been set aside and have failed to bring the weight of their expert opinion to bear on the whole issue, I advance the claim that it is they themselves who are largely to blame. I conclude by making a plea that it is high time we as linguists did some soul-searching and asked ourselves whether, in our single-minded effort to theorise about language in total disregard for what the lay people think and believe about it, we have not isolated ourselves from them and rendered ourselves largely inconsequential. I suggest that Critical Linguistics may turn out to be one way of regaining some of the lost ground.
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MESSNER, ANDREW. "LAND, LEADERSHIP, CULTURE, AND EMIGRATION: SOME PROBLEMS IN CHARTIST HISTORIOGRAPHY." Historical Journal 42, no. 4 (December 1999): 1093–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x99008663.
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In 1996 Miles Taylor published an historiographical review of Chartism in which he argued that our understanding of the movement has stagnated since the publication of important research by Gareth Stedman Jones and Dorothy Thompson in 1983–4. Taylor suggests that the new cultural history of politics (or the ‘linguistic turn’) is to blame for this ‘impasse’, and argues that scholars should consolidate the work of Stedman Jones and Thompson. I argue that Chartist historians should continue to engage with contemporary approaches. The new political history sheds light on some persistent problems of interpretation which Taylor passes over. It also raises the possibility of extending the study of Chartism into the colonial realm, an area historians have not yet seriously broached. In conclusion, a sketch is given of the significance of Chartist political culture in one episode of protest in the Australian colony of Victoria in 1853.
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Chiang, Cho Kiu. "Two Dimensions of the Rule of Law: A Reminder from Hong Kong." Amicus Curiae 1, no. 3 (June 19, 2020): 439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14296/ac.v1i3.5166.
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In this article, two dimensions of the rule of law, namely the ‘rule of’ dimension and the ‘law’ dimension, are discussed with reference to the ongoing protests in Hong Kong. The meaning and the linguistic boundaries of ‘rule of’ and ‘law’ are explored, and relevant theories of the rule of law are also considered. By analysing the dimensions of ‘rule of’ and ‘law’, we understand that the usage of the term may reveal the ambit of rule of law. The question of whether some ideas count as conceptions of the rule of law can be answered to some extent. More importantly, on the view of the rule of law that I defend, governments are not free to blame the governed for undermining the rule of law, and they are bound to do what the rule of law requires when making their official representations and statements.
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Gritsenko, E. S. "MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: GENDER DIMENSION." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 3 (2020): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2020-3-132-141.
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The paper focuses on the discourse surrounding a resonate media event connected with the discussion of contested statements concerning domestic violence made by a popular Russian TV-host and blogger. We use feminist critical discourse analysis and analysis of the sociocultural context of discourse to explore the strategies employed to resolve the conflict and highlight the ways global discourses on gender and violence are localized. We show how linguistic representations promote abuse-sustaining discourses or question the gendered ideologies of male violence against women and challenge the social system that condones gender-based violence. The study revealed heterogeneity of gender attitudes, varying (gender-based) degrees of tolerance to statements about domestic violence, the ineffectiveness of the appeal to Anglophone discourses on gender and the effectiveness of a strategy based on the knowledge and experience of “one’s own” social culture. The persistence of patriarchal values in the discourse on domestic violence is supported by widely used strategies of degendering the violence and gendering the blame.
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Li, Jianing, and Min-Hsin Su. "Real Talk About Fake News: Identity Language and Disconnected Networks of the US Public’s “Fake News” Discourse on Twitter." Social Media + Society 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 205630512091684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120916841.
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This article studies “fake news” beyond the consumption and dissemination of misinformation and disinformation. We uncover how the term “fake news” serves as a discursive device for ordinary citizens to consolidate group identity in everyday political utterances on Twitter. Using computational linguistic and network analyses, we demonstrate that over the period of 2016–2018, there is an uptrend in the use of identity language in US Twitter users’ discussions about “fake news,” manifested by the increased frequency of group pronouns in combination with issues and sentiments that boost one’s ingroup and derogate the outgroup. Furthermore, as opposed to the conventional wisdom that “fake news” is a right-wing term, we uncover two disconnected retweet networks surrounding liberal and conservative opinion leaders. Like-minded individuals selectively amplify ingroup messages to claim the power to define falsehood and make group-serving blame attributions. We discuss the theoretical implications of our findings and offer new directions for future research on “fake news,” misinformation, and disinformation.
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Adams, Katherine. "Du Bois, Dirt Determinism, and the Reconstruction of Global Value." American Literary History 31, no. 4 (2019): 715–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz036.
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Abstract W. E. B. Du Bois wrote extensively about African-American cotton growers and the Southern Black Belt, beginning with the sociological studies he conducted while at Atlanta University. Over time, his approach to these subjects became increasingly literary and experimental. He made the region—and specifically its dirt—a medium for analyzing the history and dynamics of racial capitalism, and for imagining forms of value not grounded in the violent extraction and mystification of black labor power. In doing so Du Bois countered the blame narrative developed by white southerners like Alfred Holt Stone, who attributed soil exhaustion and economic stagnation to the “monstrocity” of self-possessed black labor. He dismantles racist figures of black encumbrance, nomadism, and decay in which antebellum theories of climate determinism were retooled to promote new forms of racial exploitation. This essay analyzes Du Bois’s dirt poetics in The Souls of Black Folk (1903) and The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911). Drawing from Ernesto Laclau’s work on the rhetoricity of Marxist social movements, it examines the revolutionary forms of radical contingency that Du Bois discovers at the intersection of linguistic and economic value.
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Steckler, Conor M., J. Kiley Hamlin, Michael B. Miller, Danielle King, and Alan Kingstone. "Moral judgement by the disconnected left and right cerebral hemispheres: a split-brain investigation." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 7 (July 2017): 170172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170172.
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Owing to the hemispheric isolation resulting from a severed corpus callosum, research on split-brain patients can help elucidate the brain regions necessary and sufficient for moral judgement. Notably, typically developing adults heavily weight the intentions underlying others' moral actions, placing greater importance on valenced intentions versus outcomes when assigning praise and blame. Prioritization of intent in moral judgements may depend on neural activity in the right hemisphere's temporoparietal junction, an area implicated in reasoning about mental states. To date, split-brain research has found that the right hemisphere is necessary for intent-based moral judgement. When testing the left hemisphere using linguistically based moral vignettes, split-brain patients evaluate actions based on outcomes, not intentions. Because the right hemisphere has limited language ability relative to the left, and morality paradigms to date have involved significant linguistic demands, it is currently unknown whether the right hemisphere alone generates intent-based judgements. Here we use nonlinguistic morality plays with split-brain patient J.W. to examine the moral judgements of the disconnected right hemisphere, demonstrating a clear focus on intent. This finding indicates that the right hemisphere is not only necessary but also sufficient for intent-based moral judgement, advancing research into the neural systems supporting the moral sense.
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Ati Khalif, Noha. "УСТАРЕВШАЯ ЛЕКСИКА В РОМАНЕ А. И. ГЕРЦЕНА «КТО ВИНОВАТ?» OUTDATED VOCABULARY in A. I. HERZEN's NOVEL " who is to BLAME?"." Journal of the College of languages, no. 42 (June 1, 2020): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2020.0.42.0224.
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В статье рассмотрена главная причина обращения А. И. Герцена к устаревшим словам, которая состоит в их способности приобретать в контексте речи стилистическую окраску, а также возможности сочетания в некоторых случаях с нейтральными лексемами различных функциональных стилей. Репрезентирован определенный стилистический эффект таких характеристик этого типа лексики, вследствие чего их стилистическая окрашенность в синтагматическом плане не совпадает со стилистической окраской в плане парадигматики, то есть в речи они совсем имеют совершенно стилистическое значение. Акцентируется внимание на роли устаревшей лексики, состоящая в том, что они служат для реализации таких черт художественного стиля как образность, эмоциональность, а их главная задача – эмоционально воздействовать на читателя, чем мастерски пользуется Герцен. Утверждается, что для устаревшей лексики романа «Кто виноват?» А. И. Герцена характерным представляется успешное сосуществование современного для писателя языка и речи изображаемой эпохи. Характер сочетания этих двух языковых стихий, их объем, способы, приемы введения элементов языка изображаемой эпохи в ткань художественного произведения являются специфическими. Abstract The article considers the main reason for A. I. Herzen's address to obsolete words, which is their ability to acquire a stylistic coloring in the context of speech, as well as the possibility of combining, in some cases, with neutral lexemes of various functional styles. A certain stylistic effect of such characteristics of this type of vocabulary is represented, as a result of which their stylistic coloring in syntagmatic terms does not coincide with stylistic coloring in terms of paradigmatics, that is, in speech they have a completely stylistic meaning. Attention is focused on the role of outdated vocabulary, which consists in the fact that they serve to implement such features of the artistic style as imagery, emotionality, and their main task is to emotionally affect the reader, which Herzen skillfully uses. It is argued that for the outdated vocabulary of the novel “Who is to blame?” By A.I. Herzen, the successful coexistence of the modern era for the writer of language and speech appears characteristic. The nature of the combination of these two linguistic elements, their scope, methods, and techniques for introducing elements of the language of the epoch depicted into the fabric of a work of art are specific.
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Ursa, Andra Iulia. "The evolution of literary translations: a case study of the Romanian translation and retranslation of “A Little Cloud”." Swedish Journal of Romanian Studies 4, no. 1 (May 13, 2021): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35824/sjrs.v4i1.22409.
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It goes without saying that literary translators participate actively in the creative process of authors. They read the original work and try to understand the author’s perspective, so that they are able to communicate the message to those readers who do not understand the source text language. Therefore, translators act as mediators, that constantly struggle to surmount linguistic, stylistic or cultural difficulties, by using effective strategies. With regard to the retranslation theory, subsequent translations of the same literary work are susceptible to supplement previous versions, and to capture more of the original work. However, some researchers blame translation practices used nowadays of ‘too much’ invisibility, up to the point that the role of mediation is nullified. Therefore, this paper seeks to understand how the strategies of translation evolve over time, and what the predisposition of translators’ attitudes is nowadays. In order to obtain some conclusive answers to our questions, this research is based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of three Romanian renditions of one of the stories in James Joyce’s Dubliners— “A little cloud”. The advantage of this study is that even though there is a fifty-one-year gap between the first Romanian version and the second, the last two translators belong to the same period of time and have similar education backgrounds, knowledge and skill in the field of specialty.
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Ryzhkova, T. S. "Verbal and nonverbal means of expressing friendliness in the Russian-speaking sociocultural environment." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 4 (2020): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/73/18.
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The paper proposes a brief review of verbal and nonverbal means of expressing friendliness in the Russian-speaking sociocultural environment. It is a case study of literature examples from Russian National Corpus and L. N. Tolstoy’s novel, “Anna Karenina.” The notion of friendli-ness is defined as a person’s friendly, kindly attitude to people and the outside world. Atten-tion is drawn to the positive semantics of the notion investigated. The friendly attitude value dominants include well-wishing, benevolence, sympathy, and goodwill towards people. Beingness, focus on the object, and intentionality are the main conceptual features of friendliness. The factual material analysis allows distinguishing the verbs denoting particular verbal actions related to friendliness in speech. Words of greeting, farewell, encouragement, or praise, pronounced in a friendly tone, present the speaker as a friendly person. Some verbs semantically incompatible with the adverb friendly have been identified: to cry, to yell, to shout, to scream, and to squeal. It is also impossible to scold, to reproach, to blame, and to condemn in a friendly manner because these actions are associated with rudeness, abusive words, and disapproving opinion. In linguistic terms, friendliness is realized by combining the verb of speaking and the adverb friendly or its synonymous variants. It is argued that the key factors for expressing friendliness on the verbal and nonverbal levels are the emotional and expressive connotation of the voice, the tone of the statement as a whole, and a specific set of facial and gestural movements.
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MIURA, AYUMI. "Historical development of the syntactic patterns ofblame: anOED-based study." English Language and Linguistics 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2016): 251–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136067431500043x.
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In Present-day Englishblameis known to be the only verb which participates in what Levin (1993) calls the ‘blamealternation’ (e.g.Mira blamed the accident on TerryvsMira blamed Terry for the accident). This article investigates how the modern usage has developed since the verb was borrowed from Old French at the beginning of Middle English, an area which has received little attention so far. With a comprehensive survey of the quotations database of theOEDOnline, the main focus is on the diachronic relationship between different syntactic patterns and the animacy of the target of blame. It will be demonstrated that, contrary to the common accounts in grammars and previous studies, the target is often not an animate being, and the two constructions forming theblamealternation have a very different origin and development, with a gap of five centuries between their first attestations. The status of the participant role expressing the cause of blame, which is considered to be omissible if it receives a definite interpretation from the context (e.g.Mira blamed Terry), will also be questioned.
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Ahmed Almijrab, Ramadan. "The Essence of Arabic Rhetoric Contributions from Arabic-English Translation." International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics 4, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijlll/rqpncnrn.
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In translation, the target text in general displays fewer linguistic variations than the source text, and its lexical and syntactic patterns incline to be copied, creating interference and standardization of the ST. Is a translation meant for audiences who are unable to comprehend the original text? Or is it saying the same thing again? These questions demonstrate the divergence of the audience in the domain of art. Yet any rendition, which tries to convey the function, cannot transmit anything but essential information. Does this mean that conveying the essential information represents the cause of inferior translation? Does the inferiority come as a result of the transfer of inaccurate content? This is the trademark of translationese. Is it true that traduttore, traditore? Does this really mean a translator is born not made? However, scholars engaged in a heated debate about what is generally regarded as the essential material of a literary work, what it contains in addition to information. Does it mean that we admit that literary work is profound and mysterious? Do we admit that literary work is poetic to the extent that it can only be reproduced by a translator only if he is also a poet? This will be true whenever a translation undertakes to serve its readerships. However, do we blame the translator if the original culture does not exist in the reader’s language and culture? In the present paper, we will attempt to lay a finger on the significance of achieving equivalence in literary translation within cultural implications that may block the translator. A primary of the place is assigned to البلاغة (Arabic rhetoric) as one of the cornerstones of Arabic.
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Bird, Steven. "Strategies for Representing Tone in African Writing Systems." Written Language and Literacy 2, no. 1 (July 23, 1999): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.2.1.02bir.
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Tone languages provide some interesting challenges for the designers of new orthographies. One approach is to omit tone marks, just as stress is not marked in English (zero marking). Another approach is to do phonemic tone analysis, and then make heavy use of diacritic symbols to distinguish the "tonemes" (shallow marking). While orthographies based on either system have been successful, this may be thanks to our ability to manage inadequate orthographies, rather than to any intrinsic advantage which is afforded by one or the other approach. In many cases, practical experience with both kinds of orthography in sub-Saharan Africa has shown that people have not been able to attain the level of reading and writing fluency that we know to be possible for the orthographies of non-tonal languages. In some cases this can be attributed to a socio linguistic setting which does not favour vernacular literacy. In other cases, the orthography itself may be to blame. If the orthography of a tone language is difficult to use or to learn, then a good part of the reason may be that the designer either has not paid enough attention to the FUNCTION of tone in the language, or has not ensured that the information encoded in the orthography is ACCESSIBLE to the ordinary (non-linguist) user of the language. If the writing of tone is not going to continue to be a stumbling block to literacy efforts, then a fresh approach to tone orthography is required — one which assigns high priority to these two factors. This article describes the problems with orthographies that use too few or too many tone marks, and critically evaluates a wide range of creative intermediate solutions. I review the contributions made by phonology and reading theory, and provide some broad methodological principles to guide those who are seeking to represent tone in a writing system. The tone orthographies of several languages from sub-Saharan Africa are presented throughout the article, with particular emphasis on some tone languages of Cameroon.
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Hestiyana, NFN. "TINDAK TUTUR PENYIDIK DALAM INTEROGASI KASUS KDRT (KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA) DI POLRESTA BANJARMASIN." Kadera Bahasa 9, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47541/kaba.v9i1.2.
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This study discusses the form of investigative speech acts in interrogation cases of domestic violence in Polresta Banjarmasin.This research focusing on the pragmatic domain aims to describe the form of investigative speech acts in interrogatingcases of domestic violence in Polresta Banjarmasin. The method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approachbecause the data obtained in the form of text of the Minutes of Examination (BAP) sourced from the jurisdiction ofPolresta Banjarmasin. The source of this research data is the BAP in the case of domestic violence in the jurisdiction ofPolresta Banjarmasin in December 2016, while the data in this research is in the form of investigator’s speech ininterrogation in the case of domestic violence. The investigators’ texts in the interrogation are contained in the victimwitness BAP, suspect BAP, and witness BAP. Data were collected by using techniques, namely: (1) observation, (2)documentation study, and (3) interview. The result of the research shows that investigation act in interrogation in BAPcase of KDRT in jurisdiction of Polresta Banjarmasin found three forms of speech acts used by investigator, that is: (1)speech act representative, (2) speech act directive, and (3) acts expressive. The categories of functions that emerged in thisstudy were (1) speech act representative function states, reporting function, demanding function, function of giving testimony,recognizing function, and show function; (2) speech acts urgent function directive, suggesting function, and requestingfunction; and (3) expressive speech acts blame function. From the results it is known that the most widely used speechactors are assertive speech acts with six function categories, followed by the use of directive speech acts with three functioncategories, and the least found use of expressive speech acts with one function category. This research may serve as areference for further research on pragmatic and linguistic forensic studies with the aim of developing applied linguisticscience.Keywords: speech AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas bentuk tindak tutur penyidik dalam interogasi kasus Kekerasan Dalam RumahTangga (KDRT) di Polresta Banjarmasin. Penelitian yang memfokuskan pada ranah pragmatik inibertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur penyidik dalam interogasi kasus KDRT di PolrestaBanjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif karenadata yang diperoleh berupa teks Berita Acara Pemeriksaan (BAP) yang bersumber dari wilayah hukumPolresta Banjarmasin. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu BAP pada kasus KDRT di wilayah hukumPolresta Banjarmasin bulan Desember tahun 2016, sedangkan data dalam penelitian ini berupa tuturantuturan penyidik dalam interogasi pada kasus KDRT. Tuturan-tuturan penyidik dalam interogasi tersebutterdapat dalam BAP saksi korban, BAP tersangka, dan BAP saksi. Data dikumpulkan denganmenggunakan teknik, yaitu: (1) observasi, (2) studi dokumentasi, dan (3) wawancara. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa tindak tutur penyidik dalam interogasi yang terdapat dalam BAP kasus KDRTdi wilayah hukum Polresta Banjarmasin ditemukan tiga bentuk tindak tutur yang digunakan penyidik,yaitu: (1) tindak tutur representatif, (2) tindak tutur direktif, dan (3) tindak tutur ekspresif. Kategorifungsi yang muncul dalam penelitian ini ialah (1) tindak tutur representatif fungsi menyatakan, fungsimelaporkan, fungsi menuntut, fungsi memberikan kesaksian, fungsi mengakui, dan fungsi menunjukkan;(2) tindak tutur direktif fungsi mendesak, fungsi menyarankan, dan fungsi meminta; dan (3) tindaktutur ekspresif fungsi menyalahkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa tindak tutur yangpaling banyak digunakan penyidik adalah tindak tutur asertif dengan enam kategori fungsi, diikutioleh penggunaan tindak tutur direktif dengan tiga kategori fungsi, dan yang paling sedikit ditemukanpenggunaan bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif dengan satu kategori fungsi. Penelitian ini dapat menjadiacuan bagi penelitian selanjutnya pada kajian pragmatik dan linguistik forensik dengan tujuanpengembangan keilmuan linguistik terapan.
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Panthel, Hans W. "From the ?blutrothe? to the blaue blume: J.H. Jung-Stilling and novalis." Neophilologus 72, no. 4 (October 1988): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00671696.
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Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia, and Laramie D. Taylor. "The Blame Game." Communication Research 35, no. 6 (October 7, 2008): 723–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650208324266.
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Honeybone, Patrick. "‘I blame the government’." Language Sciences 21, no. 2 (April 1999): 177–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0388-0001(98)00015-1.
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Tual, Lucas. "Ambiguous adjectives in French: the case of “gros” when combined with deverbal nouns." Linguistica 56, no. 1 (December 28, 2016): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.56.1.293-307.
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In this paper, I analysed the interaction between the French adjective “gros” and -eur deverbal nouns. This adjective gives rise to a preferred non-intersective reading when it is in a prenominal position, but only an intersective reading when it appears after the noun. I claim that it is necessary to take into account both the semantics of the adjective and the semantics of the noun to account for the ambiguity present at the DP-level (a “blame both” analysis). An abstract operator, eur, is always present within deverbal nouns such as “fumeur” (“smoker”), and is partially responsible for the interpretation of the DP: if the adjective is within the scope of this operator, the DP will assume a non-intersective reading, whereas when it is outside of its scope, the DP bears an intersective interpretation. The adjective “gros” itself actually has two semantic values: one modifies the event argument present in deverbal nouns, and the other modifies the individual argument of the noun (the agent of the verbal root).
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Johansson, Marjut, Jarmo H. Jantunen, Anne Heimo, Mirka Ahonen, and Veronika Laippala. "Verkkokeskustelujen kansa." Sananjalka 60, no. 60. (December 17, 2018): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.69963.
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People 'kansa' in digital discourses.
Corpus-assisted discourse analysis on Suomi24 discussion forum.
In this paper, our objective is to analyze how participants use the word kansa 'people' on the largest discussion forum in Finland, called Suomi24 (Finland 24). Our main research questions are the following: 1) What kinds of discourses the forum participants relate to kansa 'people' and 2) what kinds of representations the writers attach to kansa and what kinds of meanings they construct for the term on the discussion forum.
Our theoretical and methodological approach is based on corpus-assisted discourse analysis and on digital discourse analysis. Studying the data from two different perspectives with two different methods will give two complementary views on the discourses of kansa. In the first part of the study, we analyzed the 2,4-billion-token Suomi24 data in its entirety applying corpus-assisted discourse studies and keyword analysis in order to analyze the discourses and representations that the discussion participants attach to kansa. To this end, we extracted all paragraphs were the lemma kansa was used. Alltogether, the data contain about 829 000 occurrences of the lemma.
In the second phase, we executed qualitative digital discourse analysis in which we focused on the positioning of the word kansa (people) by examining the type of linguistic action in the utterances where it was used, what kind of relation and agreement/isagreement writers expressed in relation to the topic and object of talk they were writing about.
The first analysis showed that the most frequent discourses attached to kansa were religion, politics and power, ethnicity and society. In particular, these indicate that kansa is often represented through religion and that the discourses relate kansa strongly to nation-state, that is, independence, government and ethnic groups. Furthermore, kansa is often associated with inequality in the society, where parts of the kansa are seen as disfavoured.
The second analysis, based on digital discourse analysis, reveals that the word people is used in the following five ways. First, kansa is positioned as either in the biblical sense or as religious people who blames others. Second, writers describe stupid people and they complain and blame while showing their disregard towards people. Third, people was described as victim, betrayed, and oppressed without access to power. Here, the writers complain and accuse. Forth, the people was described as social actor through the use of cognitive verbs and speech act verbs showing intelligence of this people to which the writers belonged. The last category was a mixed one that contained people as representative of a nation or described with some quality, such as sisukas kansa (persistent people, or people with guts).
The results show that kansa (people) are used in very familiar and stereotypical ways. This word functions as part of an ideological discourse in the discussions in this forum that allow writers to build their self-image, distinguish themselves from the people or in order to legitimate their own position in a way that other writers recognize the shared and reproduced representation of people. In this way, this representation is part of this new kind of public vernacular discourse in various platforms of social media produced by ordinary people. However, these representations of the kansa (people) did not present any novel ways of understanding people.
Avainsanat: verkkokeskustelu, korpusavusteinen diskurssintutkimus, avainsana-analyysi, digitaalinen diskurssianalyysi, representaatio
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Hameleers, Michael, Linda Bos, and Claes H. de Vreese. "“They Did It”: The Effects of Emotionalized Blame Attribution in Populist Communication." Communication Research 44, no. 6 (June 2, 2016): 870–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650216644026.
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How can we explain the persuasiveness of populist messages, and who are most susceptible to their effects? These questions remain largely unanswered in extant research. This study argues that populist messages are characterized by assigning blame to elites in an emotionalized way. As previous research pointed at the guiding influence of blame attributions and emotions on political attitudes, these message characteristics may explain populism’s persuasiveness. An experiment using a national sample ( N = 721) was conducted to provide insights into the effects of and mechanisms underlying populist blame attribution with regard to the European and national levels of governance. The results show that emotionalized blame attributions influence both blame perceptions and populist attitudes. Identity attachment moderates these effects: Emotionalized blame attributions have the strongest effects for citizens with weaker identity attachments. These insights allow us to understand how populist messages affect which citizens.
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Abrori, Husnan. "Revitalisasi Kepemimpinan Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Madrasah." J-MPI (Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam) 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jmpi.v3i2.6456.
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<em>There are no stupid people; there are people who do not know or are late to know. It is best for leaders to humanize humans, provide motivation, give opportunities for creativity to emerge, cultivate them according to their capacity so that innovation and their imagination do not sleep. A good leader will not look for mistakes blindly, or blame in public. Angry in public is killing human characters. The implication is that they will be quiet and lazy to innovate because there is no appreciation. So that they just become obedient and say it's up to the leader. Leaders who are imprisoned in respect and appreciation only will feel happy to be respected and respected even though it is another name for the sleeping of subordinate creativity. The worse is the top down instruction model leader who is an admirer of the institutional hierarchy who places a leader as the highest authority in the management area, so he always feels right, and taboo to be criticized and blamed. Apologies, ask for help, thank you for never coming out in verbal linguistics. There are only procedures, concepts, rigid instructions that are haram to be criticized. Therefore it is necessary to revitalize leadership in the madrasa.</em>
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Kirley, Jacqueline P. "Blade Runner." American Journal of Semiotics 11, no. 3 (1994): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ajs1994113/415.
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Rountree, Clarke. "The (Almost) Blameless Genre of Classical Greek Epideictic." Rhetorica 19, no. 3 (2001): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2001.19.3.293.
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This paper argues that Aristotle's conception of epideictic speeches of blame (psogos speeches) did not reflect speaking practices in his day. It surveys the evidence available for speeches of blame, noting the paucity of such speeches, explains why they might not have been given, and recommends that we recognize this absence from classical Greek public address.
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Chang, Nam Fung. "Self-image and self-reflection." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 5 (December 31, 2017): 643–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00002.cha.
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Abstract The futility of decades of government efforts to disseminate Chinese literature has triggered discussions among Chinese scholars on how to translate and who should be entrusted with this task. Some blame the failure on traditional concepts of translation that overemphasize faithfulness to the original to the point of disregarding target cultural conditions, but others insist that China should have control over its cultural export and that Sino-English should be used to internationalize English. Findings show that traditional concepts should not be blamed, as aggressively source-oriented strategies have been used in outbound translation only in recent years, and that this shift in translation norms in government-initiated outbound translation has spread to non-literary text types, and also to Hong Kong and Taiwan. The same kind of aggressiveness has recently been displayed in other forms of cultural export, triggering resistance in other cultures. All these changes may be attributable to a heightening of cultural self-image. What is needed to address the issue is cultural self-reflection, which will lead to the awareness that economic growth does not immediately bring cultural prestige, and that source-initiated cultural export efforts may make little difference in central cultures. Cultural awareness at a higher level can be achieved only through empathy.
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Tolmie, Jane. "Goading, ritual discord and the deflection of blame." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 4, no. 2 (June 6, 2003): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.4.2.08tol.
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This article brings some of the discourses of contemporary frame analysis to bear on female incitement — often called goading or whetting (from hvetja ‘to whet’) — in feud structures within several well-known medieval Icelandic family sagas. Broadly speaking, female goading in saga literature is a form of dialogic exchange in which women urge men to perform particular tasks, often seemingly against their will. These tasks mainly revolve around blood-vengeance and legal action, the twin obsessions of saga literature; in neither area is it simple for saga women to participate officially or directly. The article’s approach is similar to Marcel Bax’s (2000) approach to moments of ritual discord in sixteenth-century Dutch plays in that it considers specific historical framing practices as forms of ritual language.
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Wilkie, Brian, and Michael Mason. "William Blake." Modern Language Review 85, no. 2 (April 1990): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3731833.
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Storch, Margaret, and Edward Larrissy. "William Blake." Modern Language Review 83, no. 3 (July 1988): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3731318.
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