Relevant bibliographies by topics / Liner surface

Academic literature on the topic 'Liner surface'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Liner surface"

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Peng, Engao, and Sheng Huang. "Wear performance of cylinder liner surface texturing on cylinder liner–piston ring assembly." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 232, no. 3 (June 15, 2017): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650117713435.

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The microgeometrical structure has a great impact on lubricating performance of the cylinder liner–piston ring assembly. Extensive investigations have been done upon the various texture types for better lubrication. However, rarely do they focus on the morphological alteration of the friction surfaces during the initial wearing process. In this study, the pits and grooves at the liner inner surface are processed and experiments are conducted to investigate the influence of the surface texturing structure on the piston ring assembly during the initial wearing process at different rotating speeds. Then, the tribology information of cylinder liner–piston ring assembly is obtained and the mechanism between surface texturing structure and lubricating performance was analyzed. Experimental results show that some pits and grooves on the inner surface of the cylinder liner can properly improve the wear performance of cylinder liner–piston ring at a high rotating speed in diesel engine, and hence reducing friction and wear. Moreover, it provides experimental data for theoretical analysis and knowledge for improving the friction surface texturing of cylinder liner.
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Yin, Bifeng, Huiqin Zhou, Bo Xu, and Hekun Jia. "The influence of roughness distribution characteristic on the lubrication performance of textured cylinder liners." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, no. 3 (April 8, 2019): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-07-2018-0258.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the coupling mechanism of the roughness distribution characteristic and surface textures on the cylinder liner. Design/methodology/approach The cylinder liner-piston ring lubrication model with non-Gaussian roughness distribution surface was proposed in this paper to find the optimum cylinder liner surface. The motored engine tests were carried out to verify the simulation results. Findings The calculation and experiment results show that the large negative skewness surface has the optimal lubrication performance in the un-textured liner, while in the textured liner, the small negative skewness surface is more appropriate, which means surface textures couple with small negative skewness surface can improve the lubrication performance. Originality/value Although there are some works related to liner surface roughness and textures, the combine of roughness distribution and surface textures is not usually taken into account. Therefore, this research is different from others, as the present model considers with real non-Gaussian roughness distribution liners.
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Özkan, Doğuş, and Hakan Kaleli. "Surface and Wear Analysis of Zinc Phosphate Coated Engine Oil Ring and Cylinder Liner Tested with Commercial Lubricant." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 150968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/150968.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the tribological performance through investigating protective additive layer and friction coefficient and implementing the quantitative wear measurements on the rubbed surface of the sliding pairs. The specimens of oil ring were rubbed against cast iron engine cylinder liner under boundary lubrication conditions. The ring and liner surfaces were examined by optical, scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. The elemental analysis of surfaces was performed by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Surface observations showed that coating was removed from the ring surface. Higher levels of Ca, Zn, P, and S elemental ratios (0.93%, 0.45%, 1.55%, and 1.60% as atomic percent) were detected on the cylinder liner surface. Wear width, length, and depth measurements were performed by optical and atomic force microscopies on the ring and cylinder liner surface. The results showed that wear widths for oil ring were 1.59 μm and 1.65 μm; wear widths for cylinder liner were 3.20 μm and 3.18 μm; wear depths for oil ring were 100 nm; and wear depths for cylinder liner were 482 nm. Wear data were taken mostly from the additive layer points detected by SEM and X-ray measurements.
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Pawlus, Pawel, Waldemar Koszela, and Rafal Reizer. "Surface Texturing of Cylinder Liners: A Review." Materials 15, no. 23 (December 3, 2022): 8629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238629.

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The effect of cylinder liners on engine performance is substantial. Typically, the cylinder surfaces were plateau honed. However, recently additional dimples or grooves were created on them. This work discusses the tribological impacts of textured cylinder liner surfaces based on a review of the literature. The results of the experimental research obtained using test rigs and fired engines were critically reviewed. In addition, the results of the modeling are shown. Circular oil pockets and grooves perpendicular to the sliding direction of piston rings of small depths were typically used. Surface texturing of the cylinder liners governs lubrication between the cylinder liner and the piston ring by an increase in oil film thickness near the reversal points leading to reductions in friction force and wear and in the fired engine to a decrease in fuel consumption and to an increase in power or torque. The correct texturing pattern ensures a decrease in the oil consumption, blow-by, and emissions of the internal combustion engine compared to plateau-honed surfaces. Considerations of future challenges are also addressed. The volume of lubricant reservoir in surface topography, called oil capacity, should be a substantial parameter characterizing textured surfaces.
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Gálik, R., and L. Boďo Š Staroňová. "Monitoring the inner surface of teat cup liners made from different materials." Research in Agricultural Engineering 61, Special Issue (June 2, 2016): S74—S78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/50/2015-rae.

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The modern milking equipment consists of several rubber parts. Among these rubber parts, the most important is a teat cup liner, which provides direct contact force to teat tissue. Properties of teat cup liners directly affect the technical and technological process of milking, udder health condition and quality of obtained milk. The aim of the study is to specify the inner surface roughness of cup liners made from different materials. Roughness was measured using Surftest-301 Mitutoyo connected to a printer. Teat cup liners were monitored and evaluated at three different locations of the inner surface, every three months in primary production. The obtained results showed linear regression between the inner surface roughness of teat cup liners and exposure time. Significant differences of selected indicators of silicone liners were observed with P-value (0.029) < alpha (0.05). The model equation shows that if the value of cup liners exposure time increases by one month, inner surface roughness is likely to increase by approximately 0.039 μm.
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Fatah, Shilan H., and Radhwan H. Hasan. "Evaluation of Bond Strength and Dimensional Accuracy of Soft Liner to Microwave Cured Denture Base Material." Polytechnic Journal 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v10n2y2020.pp32-37.

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Today, soft liners are being widely used in dental practices by their application to the inner surfaces of the denture with hopes to evenly distribute any potential uneven forces, and to provide a cushion effect to the oral mucosa of the patient mouth. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of (a) polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base material curing technique, (b) Molloplast B soft liner curing technique, and (c) PMMA surface treatment, on the “shear bond strength” (SBS) between the Molloplast B liner and PMMA. A total of 80 samples were used in this study to evaluate the SBS performance of microwave (Nature-Cryl, Acron Gc, Japan) and conventional water bath (Ivoclar triplex, Liechtenstein) curing techniques of PMMA, and to evaluate the curing technique of soft liner material Molloplast B (DETAX,GERMANY). Surface treatment of PMMA was performed for half of the samples using neodymium:yttrium aluminum-garnet Nd:YAG laser, and the other half of the samples were surface-treated using AL2O3 sandblasting method. The results showed that the highest mean value in conventional water bath-cured soft liner was 26.69 MPa, whereas the lowest mean value for microwave-cured soft liner was 15.22 MPa. No significant difference was observed between the SBS performance regarding the PMMA surface treatment and curing techniques. Conventional water bath curing technique for soft liner treatment improved the SBS performance. Regarding the PMMA curing technique, the conventional water bath achieved higher SBS, yet the difference was not statistically significant. Finally, surface treatment using laser improved the SBS compared to sandblasted method, but the improvement here was also statistically insignificant.
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Saputra, Eko, Iwan Budiwan Anwar, Rifky Ismail, J. Jamari, and Emile van der Heide. "Study of Unipolar and Bipolar Hip Prostheses Using Finite Element Simulation: Contact Stress Analysis." Key Engineering Materials 739 (June 2017): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.739.96.

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One of phenomena which cannot be avoided in the hip prosthesis due to sliding contact as a product of human activity is wear on the surface of contact interaction Wear in the bipolar model is more complicated than the unipolar model. There are two contact interaction in the bipolar model, while the unipolar model has only one contact interaction. Wear on the liner and cup surfaces of the bipolar model itself can be early estimated by investigation the contact stresses due to their contact interactions. The contact stress on the liner surface of unipolar model can be estimated using analytical method. However, the estimation of contact stress on the liner and cup surface of the bipolar model using analytical method still need to consider. The aiming of this paper is to study the contact stresses on the liner and cup surfaces in the bipolar model of hip prosthesis using the finite element simulation. There are three model of hip prostheses which are simulated in this research, i.e. the unipolar, bipolar and big head unipolar models. The result showed that the maximum contact stress on the liner surface of bipolar model is higher than the unipolar model. The maximum contact stress on the cup surface of the bipolar model is lower than the big head unipolar model. Based on this results, it can be concluded that the contact stress on the liner and cup surfaces of the bipolar model cannot be estimated using analytical method.
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Murata, Yo, Tatsuya Ishii, Shunji Enomoto, Hideshi Oinuma, Kenichiro Nagai, Junichi Oki, and Hirofumi Daiguji. "Proposal of Acoustic Liners Combined with Fine-Perforated-Film." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 5475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-3116.

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This paper deals with a resonant type liner panel with a special surface structure. A typical resonant type liner panel generally consists of a perforated face plate, cells, and a back rigid plate. One of the technical challenges of the acoustic liners applied to the future ultra-high bypass ratio engines is to increase the sound absorption efficiency under grazing conditions because the nacelle, covering of the engine, tends to reduce its length and the lined area. It is known that the sound absorption of the conventional liners tends to deteriorate as grazing flow increases. The authors introduced a special thin acoustically transparent film over the face plate of the acoustic liner. The film, a fine perforated film (FPF), is expected to prevent the interaction of the grazing flow with the opening of the liner face plate. An experimental result with a flow duct rig in JAXA confirmed that the proposed combination of the acoustic liner and the FPF improved the absorption in acoustic energy under grazing conditions, compared with the sole acoustic liner and simple treatment of the FPF.
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Biboulet, N., H. Bouassida, J. Cavoret, and AA Lubrecht. "Determination of fundamental parameters for the cross-hatched cylinder liner micro-geometry." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 231, no. 3 (August 5, 2016): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650114548202.

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This paper is part of a project aiming at optimizing the cylinder-liner/piston-ring contact performance: oil consumption, friction and wear. The surface micro-geometry has a major influence on these characteristics. Classical cylinder-liners display cross-hatched patterns. Grooves modify contact pressure distributions and act as lubricant reservoirs and pipes redistributing oil. The load-carrying capacity is greatly influenced by the number of grooves and their geometry. An automatic groove geometry identification (depth, width, angle) is performed on cylinder-liner surface measurements. The surfaces were measured at two instants: new and after a fired engine test. The micro-geometry evolution is discussed.
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Zhu, Feng, Jiujun Xu, Xiaoguang Han, Yan Shen, and Mei Jin. "Tribological performance of three surface-modified piston rings matched with chromium-plated cylinder liner." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 69, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-11-2015-0164.

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Purpose The paper aims to investigate the friction and wear properties of three surface-modified piston rings matched with a chromium-plated cylinder liner. Design/methodology/approach Samples were taken from the chromium-plated cylinder liner, Cr-Al2O3 ring, CrN ring and Mo ring. Tribo-tests were conducted on a reciprocating sliding tribometer under fully formulated engine oils. Friction coefficients and wear depths of three friction pairs were tested. Surface morphologies of cylinder liners and piston rings before and after test were analyzed. Findings Experimental results show that in the Cr-Al2O3 piston ring, scuffing occurred easily when matched with the chromium-plated cylinder liner; compared with the Mo ring, the CrN ring could decrease the wear depth of the piston ring from 2.7 to 0.2 μm, and the wear depth of cylinder liner remained; however, the friction coefficient increased from 0.113 to 0.123. The tribological performances of three surface-modified piston rings were significantly different when they matched with chromium-plated cylinder liner. Originality/value Chromium-plated cylinder liner and the three kinds of surface-modified piston rings have excellent friction and wear properties, respectively. However, according to the systematic characteristics of internal combustion (IC) engine tribology, only the appropriate cylinder liner–piston ring can improve the tribological performance of the IC engine. This paper reports the tribological performance of three surface-modified piston rings matched with a chromium-plated cylinder liner. The results can be used as reference for the design of high-power-density diesel engine.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Liner surface"

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Anderberg, Cecilia. "Characterisation and function of cylinder liner surfaces." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1340.

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The demands on decreased environmental impact from vehicles force the automotive industry to develop engines with reduced engine oil and fuel consumption. Engine oil consumption is recognized to be a significant source of pollutant emissions. Unburned or partially burned oil in the exhaust gases contribute directly to hydrocarbon and particulate emissions. Engine oil and fuel consumption are to a great extend controlled by the topography of the cylinder liner surface.

Recent engine tests have shown a promising reduction in oil consumption when using cylinder liners with a smoother finish than the current plateau honing.

One approach to produce smoother liner surfaces is to replace SiC ceramic honing stones with diamond tools. However, event though the diamond honing process results in higher productivity, improved demands of quality control is needed to monitor the degree of cold worked material - “blechmantel” (German), and the resulting risk of increased wear and scuffing.

A number of petrol and diesel engine cylinder liners have been mapped to be able to verify the quality and consequences, in terms of wear and function, of the honing process. A new mapping method, combining SEM images and quantitative image analysis with traditional 2D profilometry has been developed and tested in this study. The liners where tested in a reciprocating rig of 8 mm stroke and with a frequency of 10 Hz, simulating the top-dead center conditions in a running engine.

The tests where carried out in high- and low pressure conditions with smooth respectively rough liner roughnesses against PVD coated piston rings. The developed surface mapping method was employed before and after the test to study effect of running-in wear on the surface, features characterized with the SEM- and the 2D profilometer.

The results show that combining SEM- and profilometric methods gives a good picture of the effects of varying the cylinder liner pressure and roughness. The roughness of the core decreases more for diesel liners than for petrol liners. In average (rough and smooth liners) the diesel core roughness decreases 265% while the petrol liners average on a 60% decrease. Blechmantel- and Irregularities ratio show a high sensitivity to varying conditions and decrease 1180% to 100% for the diesel liners while the parameters increase between 106% to 18% for all the petrol liners. A probable cause is the more severe diesel high pressure run-in conditions are able to effectively “truncate” the plateaux and remove residing plastically deformed un-cut honing residues while the less severe petrol liner conditions not manage to remove the blechmantel and irregularities in an important extent.

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Rosenblatt, Nicolas. "Characterization of cylinder liner by image analysis." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-929.

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The cylinder liners surface is of major importance in an engine since it interacts with the piston rings and creates a tribologic system. This tribologic system has to be qualified and controlled in order to understand and control wear, oil consumption and shelf life. In this purpose, a program has been created in order to analyze SEM pictures and from them qualify the surface.

The aim of the project presented here has been to improve the preliminary steps leading to the image computation by standardizing the picture acquisition and improve the image filtering.

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Buhaug, Øyvind. "Deposit Formation on Cylinder Liner Surface in medium-speed Engines." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-209.

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The presence of deposits in the honing grooves in diesel engine cylinder liners can cause a severe increase in the consumption of lubricating oil. These deposits may appear amber in which case they may be referred to as 'liner lacquerer' or be nearly invisible in which case they are often referred to as 'transparent glaze' or 'bore glaze' in the marine sector. The formation of these deposits is believed to be influenced by engine design, engine load, fuel composition and lubricating oil composition. This relationship has, however, not been well understood and little material has been published on this subject. This thesis describes an investigation of this phenomenon. The problem has been approached by studying the composition of deposit samples, studying cases of deposit formation in the field and through experimental work.

As a result of this work, it is hypothesized that the root cause of the deposit formation is a mismatch between the rate of formation of oil insoluble material on or within the oil film and the oil film dispersing power and exchange rate. A large number of parameters will affect this balance which explains the sliding shift in appearance and composition of 'liner lacquer' and 'bore glaze' and the difficulty in identifying the cause of this problem.

A combined mass balance and chemical kinetics approach is used to bridge the gap between fundamental deposit theory and tangible engine related parameters. It is thus possible to rationalize the formation of deposits on cylinder liners. This understanding is sufficient to point out which factors should be considered in terms of the prevention of deposit formation and to present a viable hypothesis on the reason for the deposit formation in the engines that have been investigated in the course of this work as summarized in the following paragraph.

The presence of deposit indicates that the dispersing power and transport rate of the oil film is insufficient to deal with the deposit precursors being formed. This is believed related to extensive low load operation which is associated with both low liner temperatures and low nominal oil consumption in these engines. Low liner temperatures will encourage the formation of insoluble material due to condensation of sulphuric acid precursors, while low oil consumption is believed to indicate low oil film exchange which reduces the transport of matter and also contributes to oil film oxidation by prolonging the exposure to combustion gases.

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Spencer, Andrew. "A simulation tool for optimising combustion engine cylinder liner surface texture." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Maskinelement, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26512.

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Fuel efficiency is one of the most important areas of automotive vehicle research and development today, with rising fuel costs, energy security and environmental concerns being at the forefront of customers and legislators minds. Heavy Duty Diesel Engines (HDDE) are the primary source of mechanical power generation in today’s trucks and buses and this is likely to continue for the foreseeable future. In the 2011 European Commission White Paper on transport, a reduction of at least 60% of greenhouse gas emissions from transport by 2050, with respect to 1990 levels, was called for. The report concludes that acting on vehicles’ efficiency through new engines, materials and design will help in the reduction of oil dependence, the competitiveness of Europe’s automotive industry as well as health benefits, especially improved air quality in cities. Therefore, the efficiency and frictional losses in a vehicles powertrain are areas of great interest. This thesis focuses on the Piston Ring to Cylinder Liner (PRCL) contact and the potential for improving its performance through the specification of an optimised cylinder liner surface texture. The PRCL contact is one of the biggest contributors to mechanical losses in a HDDE and so there is potential for large performance gains to be achieved through optimisation of this contact. This research has led to the development of a simulation tool capable of calculating the friction, lubrication regime, oil consumption risk and wear that occurs in the full ring-pack of a HDDE. Furthermore, the tool allows for the evaluation of the relative performance of different cylinder liner surface topographies. A mixed lubrication model, incorporating flow factors calculated using the homogenization technique, has been implemented to allow all regimes of lubrication to be considered. A mass-conserving cavitation algorithm, formulated as a Linear Complimentarity Problem, enables lubricant cavitation, fully-flooded or starved inlet conditions and the quantity of lubricant deposited on the cylinder liner surface to be modelled. The simulation tool is validated with both reciprocating bench tests and full single cylinder fired engine tests. The reciprocating bench tests measured both friction and film thickness and both showed good correlation with the predictions from the simulation tool. Simulations and experiments were conducted on four different cylinder liner variants and both ranked the frictional performance of the cylinder liner variants in the same order. A parametric study of honing depth, spacing and angle was undertaken using the developed simulation tool and the influence of these parameters on lubricant film thickness, friction, wear and oil consumption was investigated. The thesis concludes that a reduction in specific fuel consumption is achieveable through the optimisation of cylinder liner texture and outlines how this might be achieved.
Godkänd; 2013; 20131110 (spencer); Tillkännagivande disputation 2013-11-22 Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Andrew Spencer Ämne: Maskinelement/Machine Elements Avhandling: A Simulation Tool for Optimising Combustion Engine Cylinder Liner Surface Texture Opponent: Professor Martin Priest, School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Leeds, UK Ordförande: Professor Roland Larsson, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 13 december 2013, kl 10. Plats: E632, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Wassborg, Pär. "Tribological evaluation of the contact between upper compression ring and cylinder liner with different surface coatings." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-45454.

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The constant pursuit in the automotive industry to increase the engines performance, new solutions are always developed and tested to reduce the friction and increase the efficiency in the engine. One component that contributes to friction losses is the piston ring pack where the top compression stands for up to 40 %. This master thesis collaborated with Scania’s material science department Basic engine and covers the friction and wear of four different materials on the cylinder liner surface against the top compression ring.The four tested materials were grey cast iron with different honing quality and three atmospheric plasma sprayed coatings with titanium oxide, chromium oxide and Metco’s mixture F2071 which is a stainless steel mixed with a ceramic. A martensitic steel piston ring with a chromium coated sliding surface was used for all the testing in the Cameron-Plint TE77 test-rig. This is a pin-on-disc test method and the parameters used for testing is set to replicate the environment the ring is exposed to at the top dead centre.The test-rig has been in Scania’s possession for a long time and has not always given a satisfying result. An uneven contact between the ring and liner has been a problem resulting in only worn edges of the liner specimen. The piston ring holder was therefore redesigned to be able to adjust the radius of the ring. This allowed a good conformability between the ring and liner to be obtained.The tested materials were evaluated according to friction and wear. Friction was measured with the test-rig and the wear was calculated with surface profiles that were measured before and after testing. Worn surfaces were studied in a SEM to verify which wear mechanism that was active. The changes of the surfaces was studied with the use of following surface parameters Ra, Rk, Rpk, Rvk and if there was a connection between these parameters and friction and wear coefficient.Independent of honing quality showed the grey cast iron lowest friction coefficient just under 0.13, the F2071 liner showed a friction coefficient just above 0.13. Both oxide layers showed similar friction where the chromium oxide had a friction just below 0.15 and the titanium oxide lay just above 0.15. Lowest wear coefficient had the chromium oxide followed by F2071, titanium oxide and the bad honed grey cast iron. These three liners showed almost the exact same wear coefficient. Worst wear coefficient had the grey cast iron with a good honing quality. A mild abrasive wear mechanism was active during the wear test and vague wear marks was found on the surface. There is no connection between wear coefficient and friction and the change in surface roughness during the test does not affect the friction.
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Treiss, Stephanie. "TIME-DEPENDENT SURFACE TEMPERATURE and HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENTS on a SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINE HEAD and LINER." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1512061036731254.

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Zhao, Qing Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Modeling of contact between liner finish and piston ring in internal combustion engines based on 3D measured surface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92105.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-88).
When decreasing of fossil fuel supplies and air pollution are two major society problems in the 21st century, rapid growth of internal combustion (IC) engines serves as a main producer of these two problems. In order to increase fuel efficiency, mechanical loss should be controlled in internal combustion engines. Interaction between piston ring pack and cylinder liner finish accounts for nearly 20 percent of the mechanical losses within an internal combustion engine, and is an important factor that affects the lubricant oil consumption. Among the total friction between piston ring pack and cylinder liner, boundary friction occurs when piston is at low speed and there is direct contact between rings and liners. This work focuses on prediction of contact between piston ring and liner finish based on 3D measured surface and different methods are compared. In previous twin-land oil control ring (TLOCR) deterministic model, Greenwood-Tripp correlation function was used to determine contact. The practical challenge for this single equation is that real plateau roughness makes it unreliable. As a result, micro geometry of liner surface needs to be obtained through white light interferometry device or confocal equipment to conduct contact model. Based on real geometry of liner finish and the assumption that ring surface is ideally smooth, contact can be predicted by three different models which were developed by using statistical Greenwood-Williamson model, Hertzian contact and revised deterministic dry contact model by Professor A.A. Lubrecht. The predicted contact between liner finish and piston ring is then combined with hydrodynamic pressure caused by lubricant which was examined using TLOCR deterministic model by Chen. et al to get total friction resulted on the surface of liner finish. Finally, contact model is used to examine friction of different liners in an actual engine running cycle.
by Qing Zhao.
S.M.
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Куркчи, Євгеній Петрович, Евгений Петрович Куркчи, and Yevhenii Petrovych Kurkchy. "Анализ методов поверхностного упрочнения, применяемых для увеличения износостойкости пар трения." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39651.

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В большинстве газовых и воздушных компрессоров в цилиндро-поршневой группе используются материалы пар трения, позволяющие полностью исключить введение смазки в рабочую зону. Однако существует проблема недостаточной очистки перекачиваемого газа, из-за чего абразивосодержащие примеси шаржируют поверхность колец и в процессе трения такой конструкции происходит ускоренный износ поверхности втулки цилиндра.
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Müller, Mario. "Wasserhaushaltsschichten als Bestandteil von Deponieoberflächenabdichtungssystemen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-70532.

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Das Wechselspiel Boden-Pflanze und die damit verbundenen Wassergehaltsänderungen im Boden bestimmen die Funktionalität einer Wasserhaushaltsschicht. Untersuchungen an der Lysimeterstation Bautzen/Nadelwitz machen deutlich, dass vielfältige Faktoren (z. B. nFK, Durchwurzelungstiefe) die Mächtigkeit einer Wasserhaushaltsschicht bestimmen. Der Bodeneinbau mit einem Verdichtungsgrad von 90% - 92% Proctordichte gewährleistet ein setzungsstabiles Korngerüst unter Gewährleistung der geforderten nFK und LK. Durch die Erweiterung des Feinbodenartendreiecks mit den Ebenen „Durchwurzelung“, „nutzbare Feldkapazität“ und „Standsicherheit“ wird eine fachübergreifende Eignungsbeurteilung von Böden ermöglicht. Die wasserhaushaltspezifische Anwendung des Dreiecks der Phasenzusammensetzung nach RUDERT erlaubt die Ausweisung von Schwankungsbreiten bzgl. der Einbaukenngrößen, ohne Abweichungen von den geforderten bodenphysikalischen Anforderungen an eine Wasserhaushaltsschicht hinnehmen zu müssen.
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Block, Stephan [Verfasser]. "On surface forces and morphology of linear polyelectrolytes physisorbed onto oppositely charged surfaces / Stephan Block." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1010396889/34.

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Books on the topic "Liner surface"

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Shultz, David W. Field studies of liner installation methods at landfills and surface impoundments. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Kummer's quartic surface. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

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1951-, Christensen Ronald, ed. Advanced linear modeling: Multivariate, time series, and spatial data; nonparametric regression and response surface maximization. 2nd ed. New York: Springer, 2001.

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Liver: A fictional organ with a surface anatomy of four lobes. London: Viking, 2008.

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(Firm), Maine Tomorrow. An analysis and action strategy for select surface passenger transportation services in Maine. Hallowell, Maine: Maine Tomorrow, 1986.

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Lauria, Edoardo. Points, Lines, and Surfaces at Criticality. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25730-9.

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Al-Jibouri, Khalid Ibrahim G. Electromagnetic linear surface guided modes and plasmon couplers. Salford: University of Salford, 1991.

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McWilliams, James C. Quasi-linear Theory for Surface Wave-Current Interactions. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2876-5.

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Kianinejad, Amin. Metamaterial Surface Plasmon-Based Transmission Lines and Antennas. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8375-4.

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Liver: A fictional organ with a surface anatomy of four lobes. New York: Bloomsbury, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Liner surface"

1

Dimkovski, Zlate, Cecilia Anderberg, Robert Ohlsson, and B. G. Rosén. "Characterisation of Cylinder Liner Honing Textures for Production Control." In Characterisation of Areal Surface Texture, 281–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36458-7_11.

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Prakash, S., C. Sasikumar, S. Aravind, V. Mohan Prasath, and C. Udhayakumar. "Surface Texturing in Piston Ring Cylinder Liner Pair for Friction Reduction: A Review." In Springer Proceedings in Materials, 943–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8319-3_94.

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Karpfinger, Christian. "Surfaces and Surface Integrals." In Calculus and Linear Algebra in Recipes, 675–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65458-3_60.

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Kermarrec, Gaël, Vibeke Skytt, and Tor Dokken. "Introduction." In Optimal Surface Fitting of Point Clouds Using Local Refinement, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16954-0_1.

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AbstractWith the development of high rate sensors based on LIDAR (light detection and ranging) and sonar technology, geospatial data representing terrain or seabed often contains millions of points. Performing a surface approximation of the point clouds is an elegant way to reduce noisy and unorganized data to a mathematical surface with just a few coefficients to estimate. Traditional spline surfaces are able to compactly represent smooth shapes, but lack the ability to adapt the representation locally to the point clouds. Locally Refined (LR) B-spline surfaces address that challenge as they have the nice property of being locally refinable. Their format can be made compatible with most Geographic Information System (GIS) software, and they facilitate various applications such as the drawing of contour lines or spatio-temporal deformation analysis. This introduction aims to explain the need for surface approximation, and present the state of the art in that domain. We compare the LR B-spline approach with different methods for surface approximation including raster, and triangular irregular networks.
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Lipman, Joseph. "Linear Systems of Curves." In Algebraic Surfaces, 24–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61991-5_2.

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Mumford, David. "Continuous Non-linear Systems." In Algebraic Surfaces, 92–128. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61991-5_5.

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Popov, Valentin L. "Adhesion of a Thin Soft Matter Layer: The Role of Surface Tension." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 461–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_19.

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AbstractWe consider an adhesive contact between a thin soft layer on a rigid substrate and a rigid cylindrical indenter (“line contact”) taking the surface tension of the layer into account. First, it is shown that the boundary condition for the surface outside the contact area is given by the constant contact angle—as in the case of fluids in contact with solid surfaces. In the approximation of thin layer and under usual assumptions of small indentation and small inclination angles of the surface, the problem is solved analytically. In the case of a non-adhesive contact, surface tension makes the contact stiffer (at the given indentation depth, the contact half-width becomes smaller and the indentation force larger). In the case of adhesive contact, the influence of surface tension seems to be more complicated: For a flat-ended punch, it increases with increasing the surface tension, while for a wedge, it decreases. Thus, the influence of the surface tension on the adhesion force seems to be dependent on the particular geometry of the contacting bodies.
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Nikolaev, Igor. "Principal Curvature Lines." In Foliations on Surfaces, 353–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04524-4_14.

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Walker, Stephen. "Surface Effect." In The Fair-Line and the Good Frontage, 33–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7974-0_3.

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Stenzel, Olaf. "The Linear Dielectric." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences, 11–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21602-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Liner surface"

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Takata, Rosalind, Yong Li, and Victor W. Wong. "Effects of Liner Surface Texturing on Ring/Liner Friction in Large-Bore IC Engines." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2006-1525.

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Well-designed surface texturing may be used to reduce ring/liner friction and increase efficiency in internal combustion engines. This study investigated the effects of textures of either grooves or dimples on ring/liner friction, in the hydrodynamic and mixed regimes. Existing MIT models were used to conduct this research. The ring-pack model is based on averaged flow-factor Reynolds analysis, and is used in conjunction with a deterministic model for flow factor calculation. Although this advanced model is applicable in a wide range of cases, the surface textures studied here are very different than a typical liner surface, and can be represented only approximately by the averaged analysis upon which the ring simulation is based. For this reason, this analysis of surface features has focused on a parametric study, the goal of which is to analyze trends relating ring/liner friction to surface parameters, and to make a general evaluation of the potential of surface texturing to reduce ring-pack losses. In the hydrodynamic and mixed regimes, surface texturing affects the fluid pressure in the lubricant between ring and liner, thus affecting the ability of the oil film to support the ring load. If the effect of the texturing is to impede the flow of lubricant, the result will be an increase in oil film thickness. This causes friction reduction in two ways: if asperity contact was present, it is reduced; and the increase in film thickness causes a decrease in shear rate, thus decreasing oil shear stress. It was found that surfaces with both dimpled and grooved textures could cause friction reduction through this mechanism, with deeper features and more transverse groove patterns causing the greatest reduction. Friction also decreased with increasing area ratio (the percentage of the surface that is occupied by the surface features) for both grooves and dimples, and was only slightly dependent on groove width and dimple diameter. Because the effect of the surface texturing is on hydrodynamic effects in the oil, it is strongly coupled with lubricant properties. If surface texturing and lubricant viscosity are optimized together side effects such as oil consumption and wear can be mitigated, while friction can be reduced even further than it is via surface texturing alone. This possibility was also briefly considered in this study.
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Guner, Dogukan, and Hasan Ozturk. "Creep modelling study of a surface support liner." In THE 3RD JOINT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY ENGINEERING AND SMART MATERIALS (ICEESM-2018) AND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NANOMATERIALS IN ENERGY (ICNNE-2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5051106.

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Jocsak, Jeffrey, Eduardo Tomanik, Victor W. Wong, and Tian Tian. "The Characterization and Simulation of Cylinder Liner Surface Finishes." In ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2005-1080.

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This paper presents an investigation into the characterization and performance prediction of different cylinder liner surfaces commonly used in modern internal combustion engines. The topography of liner specimens was measured, and the friction and wear between a piston ring and each liner surface was measured using a horizontal reciprocating bench tester. The load, speed, and lubricant supply during testing were chosen to ensure that the piston ring and liner operated primarily in a mixed lubrication regime. A computer program was developed to model the performance of the piston ring and liner specimens under the conditions observed during the reciprocating bench test. The Greenwood and Tripp statistical asperity contact model was employed to describe the rough surface contact behavior between the liner specimen and piston ring. Two different methods of characterizing the liner specimen surface roughness and determining the inputs required for the Greenwood and Tripp model from the surface measurements were considered. The friction observed experimentally was compared to the friction predicted by the model, and the ability of the model to predict the absolute friction for a given surface and the relative difference in friction between two different surfaces was investigated.
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Anderberg, C., S. Johansson, P. H. Nilsson, R. Ohlsson, and B. G. Rose´n. "Wear Resistance of Smooth Automotive Cylinder Liner Surfaces." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64281.

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Demands for decreased environmental impact from vehicles are resulting in a strong push for decreased engine oil, fuel consumption and weight. New machining and coating technologies have offered ways to attack these problems. Engine oil and fuel consumption are to a great extent controlled by the topography of the cylinder liner surface and it is therefore important to optimise this surface. Recent engine tests have shown a reduction in oil consumption when using cylinder liners with a smoother finish than that given by the current plateau honing. However, engine manufacturers are hesitant to introduce smoother liner surfaces because of fears of severe wear and scuffing. There is also the possibility that smoother liner surfaces may be more sensitive to the choice of piston ring finishes. This paper therefore seeks to investigate the functional performance and resistance to wear of these smooth cylinder liners and the mating top ring surfaces.
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Ma, Renlian, Salaheldin A. Mohamad, Xiqun Lu, and Wanyou Li. "Numerical Analysis and Experimental Evaluation of Cylinder Liner Macro-Scale Surface Texturing." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1074.

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An experimental and theoretical study is presented to study the effect of surface texturing in the form of circumferential oil grooves on improving the tribological properties of piston ring-cylinder liner tribosystem. Tests were performed on a reciprocating test rig with actual piston rings and cylinder liner segments, and a numerical model has been developed. A comparison was made between the performance of the textured cylinder liners and un-textured cylinder liners. It was found that with the smaller oil groove area density, the reduction in friction force is more obvious, Parabolic and triangular oil grooves are more efficient in friction reducing, and the prediction results by numerical model match the experimental results well in most case.
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Palatka, Miroslav, Hana Šebestová, Helena Hiklová, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Pech, Dusan Mandat, Miroslav Hrabovský, and Petr Schovánek. "Surface microstructure of water Cherenkov detectors reflective liner: Tyvek." In 18th Czech-Polish-Slovak Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics, edited by Jan Peřina, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Hrabovský, Dagmar Senderáková, Waclaw Urbańczyk, and Ondrej Haderka. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2009216.

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Farooqui, M., Y. Auregan, and V. Pagneux. "Manipulating acoustic waves radiation direction using Liner surface modes." In 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metamaterials.2018.8534117.

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Hemminger, C., and C. Hemminger. "Surface characterization of solid rocket motor HTPB liner bond system." In 33rd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-2995.

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Johansson, Staffan, Per H. Nilsson, Robert Ohlsson, Cecilia Anderberg, and Bengt-Go¨ran Rose´n. "Optimization of the Cylinder Liner Surface for Reduction of Oil Consumption." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63464.

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A decrease of oil consumption in the modern truck engine would mean decrease of particulate matter and hydrocarbon emissions. This decrease has a positive impact on the environment. One important source of oil consumption is the piston/piston-ring/liner system. One way of decreasing oil consumption is to optimize the surface topography of the liner. In this study different liner surfaces and different piston rings were investigated. The investigation shows that it is possible to decrease both the oil film thickness and the friction without sacrificing wear properties of the piston-liner system. A new surface parameter for quick wear estimation of this system is presented.
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Bolander, Nathan W., Farshid Sadeghi, and Gordon R. Gerber. "Piston Ring Friction Reduction Through Surface Modification." In ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2005-1346.

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A numerical model has been developed to investigate the effects of surface modifications on the lubrication condition and frictional loss at the interface between a piston ring and cylinder liner. The effects of boundary and mixed lubrication conditions were included through the use of a fully deterministic mixed lubrication model, which provides detailed information of the rough contact zone throughout the stroke. The effects of non-Gaussian surface characteristics (e.g. skewness) on the cycle-average frictional performance are discussed. Surface modifications in the form of circular profile dimples were added to the cylinder liner and their effects were investigated. The modified cylinder liner was shown to reduce the cycle-average coefficient of friction by 55–65%, while total energy loss per cycle was reduced by 20–40%.
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Reports on the topic "Liner surface"

1

Rousculp, Christopher L. PHELIX Liner Surface Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1114415.

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Imrich, K. J., D. F. Bickford, and G. G. Wicks. Evaluation of materials and surface treatments for the DWPF melter pour spout bellows protective liner. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/578483.

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Forman, Michael A. Meandered-line antenna with integrated high-impedance surface. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1008127.

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Hopper, R. W. Surface path lines in plane stokes flow driven by capillarity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182958.

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McClure, Michael A., Yitzhak Spiegel, David M. Bird, R. Salomon, and R. H. C. Curtis. Functional Analysis of Root-Knot Nematode Surface Coat Proteins to Develop Rational Targets for Plantibodies. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575284.bard.

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The goal of this research was to provide a better understanding of the interface between root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and their host in order to develop rational targets for plantibodies and other novel methods of nematode control directed against the nematode surface coat (SC). Specific objectives were: 1. To produce additional monoclonal SC antibodies for use in Objectives 2, 3, and 4 and as candidates for development of plantibodies. 2. To determine the production and distribution of SC proteins during the infection process. 3. To use biochemical and immunological methods to perturbate the root-knot nematode SC in order to identify SC components that will serve as targets for rationally designed plantibodies. 4. To develop SC-mutant nematodes as additional tools for defining the role of the SC during infection. The external cuticular layer of nematodes is the epicuticle. In many nematodes, it is covered by a fuzzy material termed "surface coat" (SC). Since the SC is the outermost layer, it may playa role in the interaction between the nematode and its surroundings during all life stages in soil and during pathogenesis. The SC is composed mainly of proteins, carbohydrates (which can be part of glycoproteins), and lipids. SC proteins and glycoproteins have been labeled and extracted from preparasitic second-stage juveniles and adult females of Meloidogyne and specific antibodies have been raised against surface antigens. Antibodies can be used to gain more information about surface function and to isolate genes encoding for surface antigens. Characterization of surface antigens and their roles in different life-stages may be an important step towards the development of alternative control. Nevertheless, the role of the plant- parasitic nematode's surface in plant-nematode interaction is still not understood. Carbohydrates or carbohydrate-recognition domains (CROs) on the nematode surface may interact with CROs or carbohydrate molecules, on root surfaces or exudates, or be active after the nematode has penetrated into the root. Surface antigens undoubtedly play an important role in interactions with microorganisms that adhere to the nematodes. Polyclonal (PC) and monoclonal (MC) antibodies raised against Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita and other plant-parasitic nematodes, were used to characterize the surface coat and secreted-excreted products of M. javanica and M. incognita. Some of the MC and PC antibodies raised against M. incognita showed cross-reactivity with the surface coat of M. javanica. Further characterization, in planta, of the epitopes recognized by the antibodies, showed that they were present in the parasitic juvenile stages and that the surface coat is shed during root penetration by the nematode and its migration between root cells. At the molecular level, we have followed two lines of experimentation. The first has been to identify genes encoding surface coat (SC) molecules, and we have isolated and characterized a small family of mucin genes from M. incognita. Our second approach has been to study host genes that respond to the nematode, and in particular, to the SC. Our previous work has identified a large suite of genes expressed in Lycopersicon esculentum giant cells, including the partial cDNA clone DB#131, which encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase. Isolation and predicted translation of the mature cDNA revealed a frame shift mutation in the translated region of nematode sensitive plants. By using primers homologous to conserved region of DB#131 we have identified the orthologues from three (nematode-resistant) Lycopersicon peruvianum strains and found that these plants lacked the mutation.
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SCOTT, D. L. Mitigated subsurface transfer line leak resulting in a surface pool. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781503.

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Plant, William J. Analysis and Modeling of Radar Surface Signatures of Non-Linear Internal Waves. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada526748.

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Bolbat, O. B., and T. V. Andryushina. Linear surfaces: e-tutorial to accompany a hands-on exercise. OFERNIO, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2021.24758.

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Weeks, G. E. Laser Surface Mapping of the Failed FB-Line Bagless Canister Closure Weld. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/757621.

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Finley, M. Non-linear surface fitting of laser range images using a hypercube concurrent computer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5977514.

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