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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Linear dichroism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Bulheller, Benjamin M. "Circular and linear dichroism spectroscopy of proteins." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10866/.

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Circular dichroism (CD) is an important technique in the structural characterization of proteins, and especially for secondary structure determination. The CD of proteins can be calculated from first principles using the matrix method, with an accuracy that is almost quantitative for helical proteins. Thus, for proteins of unknown structure, CD calculations and experimental data can be used in conjunction to aid structure analysis. The vacuum-UV region (below 190 nm), where charge-transfer transitions have an influence on the CD spectra, can be accessed using synchrotron radiation circular dic

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2

Sandhu, Sandeep Kaur. "Development of a biosensor based on linear dichroism spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5737/.

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Existing methodologies for biomolecular detection are limited in several key areas. Heterogeneous assays struggle with various wash steps which can prolong assay time, while other assays require costly reagents, lack mobility and can be highly complex in nature. This project demonstrates how a bio-nano particle in the form of M13 bacteriophage (M13) can be used for the basis of a novel homogeneous immunoassay which incorporates the use of linear dichroism spectroscopy (LD). M13 has a high aspect ratio which allows it to align easily in shear flow, this in turn generates a large LD signal. This

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3

Norton, Stephen R. "Linear dichroism spectroscopy and biophysics of an amyloid protein." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/79946/.

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Though Parkinson’s Disease is known to be caused by cell death in one region of the brain, and though the protein α-synuclein is known to be associated with it, the causes are still poorly understood. It has not yet been shown how α-synuclein may cause cells to die, with research focusing on the range of structures the protein is able to adopt. The classic amyloid fibrils are currently believed to be non-toxic, but smaller, soluble oligomers appear to be the toxic species. Key to toxicity and to the normal function of α-synucein (also unknown to-date) appear to be the ability of the protein to

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4

Wang, Xiao. "Confocal angle resolved linear dichroism microscopy for structural fluorescence imaging." Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/87/10/10/PDF/Wang-Thesis.pdf.

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La microscopie de fluorescence a récemment été complétée par une technique appelée dichroïsme linéaire résolu angulairement, basé sur le fait que l'absorption de la lumière est un processus sensible à l'orientation moléculaire. En analysant la réponse d'émission de fluorescence en fonction de l'orientation de la polarisation de la lumière excitatrice, cette technique permet de remonter à l'information d'orientation sur un ensemble de molécules fluorescentes, plus précisément son angle d'orientation moyenne et l'amplitude de ses fluctuations angulaires autour de cette moyenne. Dans cette thèse,

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5

Little, Haydn Andrew. "The development of novel diagnostic sensors based on linear dichroism spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7421/.

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Within this thesis the use of linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy was utilised as a new platform for the development of diagnostic sensors. To develop a novel diagnostic sensor in combination with LD spectroscopy a particle with a high aspect ratio is need. Such a particle is M13 bacteriophage, this micron long molecular scaffold is easily alignable in shear flow generating a large LD signal. Using LD spectroscopy, it was possible to demonstrate the successful detection of multiple DNA targets, and that the sensor can also discriminate between DNA sequences differing in length, with a limit of

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6

Rittman, Martyn. "Charaterisation of polymeric biomacromolecules using linear dichroism and Markov chain Monte Carlo." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2237/.

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7

Riffel, Richard W. "Characterization of dichroism and linear polarization effects on colorimetric properties of plastic transmitting materials /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11650.

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8

Amarasinghe, Don Praveen. "A study of the alignment of polymeric molecules and vesicles in fluid flows for linear dichroism experiments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2018. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/105768/.

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Linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy is a technique which uses polarised light to make inferences on the relative orientations of chemical groups within a molecule. A requirement for experiments using this technique is the alignment of molecules in the analyte. This thesis considers the use of fluid flows to align molecules. The use of bead-spring and bead-rod models to simulate the behaviour of polymers and particles in fluid flows has been extensively discussed in the literature. In this work, the FENE-Fraenkel spring force law is implemented in bead-spring chain simulations, to assess the ali

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9

Rodger, Alison. "Molecular aspects of biomolecule structure and function." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/516.

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All biological processes are fundamentally inter-molecular interactions. In order to understand, and hence control, biomolecular structure and function, methods are required that probe biological systems at the molecular level, ideally with those molecules being in their native environment. The research summarized herein has at its core the development and application of ultra violet (UV)-visible spectrophotometric techniquies for this prupose, in particular circular dichrosim (CD) and linear dichrosim (LD) but also absorbance, fluorescence and resonance light scattering. The spectroscopy is

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10

Rodger, Alison. "Molecular aspects of biomolecule structure and function." University of Sydney. Chemistry, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/516.

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All biological processes are fundamentally inter-molecular interactions. In order to understand, and hence control, biomolecular structure and function, methods are required that probe biological systems at the molecular level, ideally with those molecules being in their native environment. The research summarized herein has at its core the development and application of ultra violet (UV)-visible spectrophotometric techniquies for this prupose, in particular circular dichrosim (CD) and linear dichrosim (LD) but also absorbance, fluorescence and resonance light scattering. The spectroscopy is

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11

Watarai, H. "Magneto-Optical Characterization of Binding Ability of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Solution." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/42805.

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The magnetization profile of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and the binding ability of MNPs with metal ions in aqueous solutions were investigated by means of the magnetic linear dichroism (MLD) and the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements. The ultra-visible MLD spectra of the non-modified and surface modified MNPs with -COOH showed a typical magnetization curve for a superparamagnetic particles. Also, the MLD spectra were changed drastically by the addition of dysprosium(III) ion and showed that MLD spectra can be used for the evaluation of metal-MNPs binding ability. Fu

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12

Kristiansen, Tom. "Antiferromagnetic Domain Contrast in LaFeO3 Thin Films : Examined with X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism and Photo Electron Emission Microscopy." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9453.

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<p>This study will focus on strain induced by thermal history and thickness on antiferromagnetic epitaxial LaFeO3(110) thin films grown on Nb:SrTiO3(001) substrates. Lattice mismatching between film and substrate induce strain in the film lattice during growth of the film. This strain can be relaxed by thermal treatment after growth and may show tendencies in the domain size, shape and distribution related to strain. Thin films are grown in different thicknesses by rf magnetron sputtering and selected films are relaxed by thermal anneal treatment. The samples are investigated in room temperatu

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13

Oglęcka, Kamila. "Biophysical studies of membrane interacting peptides derived from viral and Prion proteins." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7109.

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<p>This thesis focuses on peptides derived from the Prion, Doppel and Influenza haemagglutinin proteins in the context of bilayer interactions with model membranes and live cells. The studies involve spectroscopic techniques like fluorescence, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), circular and linear dichroism (CD and LD), confocal fluorescence microscopy and NMR.</p><p>The peptides derived from the Prion and Doppel proteins combined with their subsequent nuclear localization-like sequences, makes them resemble cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). mPrPp(1-28), corresponding to the first 28

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14

Benedict, Jason Brown. "Dyeing crystals : 19th century phenomenology to 21st century technology /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8636.

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15

Fahleson, Tobias. "Derivation and application of response functions for nonlinear absorption and dichroisms." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk kemi och biologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-218662.

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This thesis explores and expands upon theoretical means of quantifying a number of nonlinear spectroscopies, including two-photon absorption, resonant-inelastic x-ray scattering, Jones birefringence, and magnetic circular dichroism. On top of that, detailed information is given for the derivation and program implementation of damped cubic response functions. Complex-valued cubic response functions have been implemented in the quantum chemistry package DALTON, based on working equations formulated for an approximate-state wave function. An assessment of the implementation, such that for small f

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16

Taboury, Jean. "Etude des conformations en double hélice droite et en double hélice gauche d'ADN synthétiques par plusieurs techniques spectroscopiques." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132021.

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17

Bonvicini, Andrea. "Etudes théoriques des propriétés optiques linéaires et non-linéaires des biomolécules." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR050/document.

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Dans cette thèse, les propriétés optiques de biomolécules importantes ont été étudiées en utilisant une approche théorique et, dans un cas, aussi expérimentale. La Théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité (DFT) et la timedependent-DFT (TD-DFT) sont les principales méthodes de chimie quantique utilisées dans cette thèse. Plusieurs spectroscopies ont été étudiées (au niveau théorique et, dans certains cas, également au niveau expérimental) : absorption électronique linéaire (absorption à un photon, OPA) et non-linéaire (absorption à deux ou trois photons, TPA et 3PA), dichroïsme circulaire élec

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18

Adam, Safia. "Etude des conformations secondaires d'ADN synthétiques pas spectrométrie optique." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132001.

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19

MESNIL, HUGUES. "Etude theorique et experimentale des proprietes d'optique non lineaire dans une solution de molecules chirales : dichroisme circulaire non lineaire." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112146.

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L'objet de ce travail est l'etude theorique et experimentale des proprietes d'optique non lineaire (activite optique non lineaire) d'une solution de molecules chirales, en considerant principalement les effets resonnants du troisieme ordre analogues a l'effet kerr, et en particulier le dichroisme circulaire non lineaire. La resolution de l'equation de propagation non lineaire est effectuee pour un seul faisceau puis pour des configurations de type excitation-sondage, en incluant la non localite dans la reponse non lineaire. Des choix judicieux de polarisation permettent de decoupler dans une l

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20

Baudelet, François. "Structures cristallographique et magnetique des superreseaux metalliques par dichroisme lineaire et circulaire des rayons x." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112191.

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Les systemes bidimensionnels metalliques (superreseaux et multicouches) sont probablement les futurs supports d'enregistrement a haute densite de stockage. Le dichroisme lineaire et circulaire de l'absorption x permet de caracteriser la structure atomique locale (exafs et xanes) et etudier le magnetisme d'interface. Le mxd est une technique nouvelle introduite a lure en 1989 juste apres les premieres etudes faites par une equipe allemande en 1987 le signal mxd est proportionnel a l'aimantation de l'element sonde, et permet de connaitre le sens du couplage dans un compose magnetique binaire. L'

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21

AMZALLAG, JEROME. "Contribution a l'etude du couplage entre le dichroisme lineaire et la birefringence induite dans les cristaux semiconducteurs." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066644.

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Dans certains semiconducteurs uniaxes, la birefringence naturelle s'annule en changeant de signe pour une longueur d'onde voisine du seuil d'absorption le plus bas. On peut alors realiser un transfert d'energie entre les modes ordinaire et extraordinaire en appliquant une perturbation convenable au cristal. Cette propriete a ete utilisee pour realiser, a partir de ces composes, des filtres a couplage de modes polarises. Toutefois, les proprietes dichroiques des echantillons n'ont jamais ete prises en consideration pour interpreter ce couplage. La partie theorique du travail presente ici, a con

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22

Wang, Yu-Chieh, and 王煜傑. "-ray linear dichroism for Sr3Cr2O8、CoO、Co(NO3)2 and SrCuO2." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2g8gx2.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>物理研究所<br>104<br>We utilized synchrotron radiation linear polarized light to explore Sr3Cr2O8, CoO, Co (NO3)2 and SrCuO2 for its orbital ordering and electronic structure. In this thesis, Sr3Cr2O8 and CoO projects are supervised by Dr. Chun-fu Chang of Max Planck Institute, Dresden, Germany. For Sr3Cr2O8, we used linear polarized x-ray to measure the single-crystal sample for Cr L-edge absorption spectra to explore the chromium electronic structure and spin dimers formation, and Jahn - Teller Distortion. Along with the multiplet theory, we find the ground state wave functions, o

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23

Jin, Xiaokui. "Base inclinations for synthetic nucleic acids in solution." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35628.

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24

Kang, Hunseung. "Base inclinations for DNA in solutions and films as revealed by linear dichroism." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35617.

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25

I, Chuang Chun, and 莊俊逸. "The study of a linear dichroism and retarder combined system by Multi-wavelength Photoelastic Modulated ellipsometry." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68221772101912764225.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>光電工程系所<br>93<br>The Photoelastic Modulation Ellipsometer is used to measure an artificial circular polarizer (CP), which is a combination of a linear polarizer and a retarder. The multi-wavelength measurement technique is built up by using the Kr-Ar tunable laser. In the beginning, the azimuth direction of optical axis of this CP is roughly determined by comparing the theoretical model with its measurement for a single wavelength. The parameters: linear dichroism (LD), phase retardation and the azimuth angle between the linear polarizer and retarder (γ) are measured by fittin

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26

Saidl, Vít. "Studium magneticky uspořádaných materiálů pomocí optické spektroskopie." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328256.

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In this work we study thin epilayers of new antiferromagnetic semimetal CuMnAs by time- resolved magneto-optical experiments. In 10 nm layers of CuMnAs, we observed a harmonic dependence of the dynamical magneto-optical signal on the orientation of probe pulse linear polarization. This shows that in this 10 nm layer there is an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy which can be detected due to a quadratic magneto-optical effect - magnetic linear dichroism. From the measured data we also estimated the Néel temperature and the spectral variation of the magneto-optical coefficient describing the

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27

Timr, Štěpán. "Simulace procesů v buněčných membránách." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-330271.

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Probing orientations of fluorescent molecules embedded in or attached to cell membranes has a great potential to reveal information on membrane structure and processes occurring in living cells. In this thesis, we first describe one- and two-photon linear dichroism measurements on a fluorescent probe embedded in a phospholipid membrane with a well- defined lipid composition. On the basis of experimental data, we determine the distribution of the angle between the one-photon transition dipole moment of the probe and the membrane normal. At the same time, we perform molecular dynamics simulation

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28

Brajer, Martin. "Laserová spektroskopie materiálů pro spintroniku." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-331777.

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In these diploma thesis magnetically ordered materials are studied with the prospect of their application in spintronics. Specifically, we investigated metallic alloy FeRh, which undergoes a magnetic phase transition from antife- romagnetic phase to feromagnetic one around 100◦ C. This phenomenon can be readily used in memory devices. Laser spectroscopy is used as a nondestructive method without need of any electrical contacts. Magnetic properties of FeRh are studied by magnetooptical effects including quadratic magnetic linear dichroism. The measured polarization rotations are of the order of

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29

Kuchařík, Jiří. "Studium spinové polarizace pomocí laserové spektroskopie." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-331726.

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Spintronics is a new branch of electronics, which uses not only the charge of electron but also its spin for transfer and processing of information. For re- al applications it is necessary to understand, how the magnetic state of matter changes not only in time but also in space. This diploma thesis is therefore de- voted to the imaging of magnetic domains in ferromagnetic semiconductors by purely optical methods, which are based on the usage of the magneto-optical ef- fects. In first part of the thesis we concentrated on the optimalization of existing polarizing microscope, whose function is

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30

Mauran, Damien. "Mise en place et application d'un spectromètre de dichroïsme linéaire infrarouge avec modulation de la polarisation pour l'étude de l'orientation des mélanges polymères." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7833.

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31

Gupta, Subhra Sen. "Theoretical Investigations Of Core-Level Spectroscopies In Strongly Correlated Systems." Thesis, 2006. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/421.

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Ever since the discovery of exotic phenomena like high temperature (Tc) superconductivity in the cuprates and colossal magnetoresistance in the manganites, strongly correlated electron systems have become the center of attention in the ﬁeld of condensed matter physics research. This renewed interest has been further kindled by the rapid development of sophisticated experimental techniques and tremendous computational power. Computation plays a pivotal role in the theoretical investigation of these systems, because one cannot explain their complicated phase diagrams by simple, exactly solvabl

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32

Gupta, Subhra Sen. "Theoretical Investigations Of Core-Level Spectroscopies In Strongly Correlated Systems." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/421.

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Ever since the discovery of exotic phenomena like high temperature (Tc) superconductivity in the cuprates and colossal magnetoresistance in the manganites, strongly correlated electron systems have become the center of attention in the ﬁeld of condensed matter physics research. This renewed interest has been further kindled by the rapid development of sophisticated experimental techniques and tremendous computational power. Computation plays a pivotal role in the theoretical investigation of these systems, because one cannot explain their complicated phase diagrams by simple, exactly solvable

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33

Ahlbrink, Ralf. "Laserspektroskopie an Photosystem II Zur Proton-Elektron-Kopplung bei Tyrosin Z und über die Natur der Chlorophyll a Entität P680." Doctoral thesis, 2002. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2002121215.

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"Laser flash spectroscopy of photosystem II" Photosystem II (PS II) of plants and cyanobacteria oxidizes water in a light-powered reaction. Thereby, this protein is the ultimate source of the atmospheric oxygen. The capacity to oxidize water is owed to two properties of PS II: (i) The midpoint potential of the oxidizing chlorophyll moiety is increased by 0.6 V compared to photosystem I or photochemical reaction centers of anoxygenic bacteria, and (ii) the energy requirements of the four steps needed for the tetravalent oxidation of water are adapted to the energy of red light quanta. This t

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34

Janiszek, Dominika. "Elektrochemiczne badania oddziaływań plazmidowego DNA z substancjami o właściwościach przeciwnowotworowych, przeciwgrzybicznych, przeciwbakteryjnych i przeciwutleniających." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3723.

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Extremely important initial experiments on the interactions of DNA with various substances such as: anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal compounds started with creating a DNA-film electrode. The DNA film was formed on a typical Glassy Carbon electrode using extremely low DNA concentrations in solution, pg/mL instead of usually used µg/mL, but long time of DNA accumulation, up to a few hours. Such long and tedious procedure proved to be beneficial for obtaining a uniform and reproducible DNA layer. As an example of the anticancer drugs, the derivatives (-Cl, -Et, -Me) of the compound abbrev

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