Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Linea cellulare'
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CROCE, NICOLETTA. "Modulazione dell'espressione di BDNF nella linea cellulare umana di glioblastoma da parte della paroxetina." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1232.
Full textBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most widely expressed neurotrophin in the mammalian nervous system. It has been widely studied, like other neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor, because it is in close relationship with neuronal development and plasticity, in particular with long-lasting changes in synaptic relations and morphology. During development BDNF supports the survival and the differentiation of neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems and takes part in axonal growth and, also acting as a central modulator of pain. The role of this protein in synaptic plasticity has been linked to the observation of a reciprocal regulation between BDNF expression and synaptic activity. The human BDNF gene spans ~70 kb within the 11p14 chromosome. It displays a great complexity due to alternative promoters usage, alternative splicing mechanisms and the presence of alternative polyadenylation sites. Concerning its expression, BDNF displays a widespread distribution pattern in the nervous systems of adults, with the highest levels of mRNA and protein in the hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. Recent studies have suggested that BDNF is involved in a number of traits and human disorders. In fact it has been associated with differences in performance of intelligence tests and other cognitive functions, influencing personality and memory and being related to neurodegenerative diseases such as, Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorders and depression. In particular, many studies have highlighted a tight connection between BDNF levels and depression, suggesting that this disease could be caused by a decrease of the protein in the brain. It has been noticed that negative effects on mood could be lowered by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, that are able to increase the expression of BDNF. In fact, the inhibition of reuptake from axons causes these molecules to accumulate into the synaptic space thus having more time to act on neurons and glial cells. The SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) selectively and powerfully inhibit serotonin reuptake resulting in a potentiation of serotonergic neurotransmission. However, the efficacy of these antidepressants cannot be only explained by their actions on the monoaminergic system and hence the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs remain largely unknown, in particular the molecular and cellular adaptations that underlie the therapeutic action of these drugs. It has been found that antidepressants are also able to act on glial cells in rat models and it is possible that a reduction of these cells and their neuron-supporting action is involved in the pathophysiology of different psychiatric deseases. To investigate the effects of paroxetine on BDNF expression and on the release of protein in non-neural cells, we used a human glioblastoma-astrocytoma cell line, U-87 MG. Cultured cells were treated with the antidepressant at the final concentration of 7 µM for different time lengths (6, 12, 24, 48 hours). Expression of BDNF mRNA and miR-30-5p were analyzed by reverse transcription Real-Time PCR. We also studied BDNF concentration in the cultured cells and the medium through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, in order to detect protein synthesis and release induced by treatment. We observed that BDNF mRNA expression was significantly increased in the first 6 hours of paroxetine treatment with respect to non treated cells. In treated cells, this overexpression led to an increase in protein production after 12 hours of incubation and, in particular, in the release of BDNF protein in the culture medium already after 24 hours, while in non treated cells we observed BDNF protein in medium only after 48 hours. miR expression reaches a peak at 12 hours. Our results suggested that paroxetine treatment in this non-neuronal cell line increases BDNF expression, resulting in greater protein synthesis and release. These cells are not able to produce serotonin or other neurotransmitters because they are non-neuronal cells. Paroxentine seems to affect these non-neuronal cells in a similar manner to neuronal cells, but one would suspect that the effect occurs via an alternative pathway, independent from the neuronal monoaminergic system. The enhanced and prolonged induction of BDNF by antidepressants could promote neuronal survival, and protect neurons, such as glial cells, from the damaging effects of stress. This could contribute to explain therapeutic action of antidepressants suggesting new strategies of pharmacological intervention.
CARIA, PAOLA. "Isolamento e caratterizzazione biologico-molecolare di cellule tumorali simil-staminali da una linea cellulare derivata da un carcinoma papillare tiroideo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266064.
Full textSammarini, Giulia <1989>. "Alterazione di pathway epigenetici come meccanismo di resistenza ad Imatinib in una linea cellulare di CML." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8550/1/Tesi%20Dottorato_Sammarini.pdf.
Full textCML is a myeloproliferative disorder resulting from polyclonal stem cell expansion. The standard treatment is imatinib (IM). Despite the success of IM, within 18-24 months about 30% of patients develop secondary resistance. The aim of my project was to investigate possible genetic and epigenetic mechanisms (as the deregulation of miRNAs and aberrant DNA methylation), to determine how they can contribute to the resistance mechanism. Cell cultures of K562 resistant to IM (0.05 -3 μM) were set up. MiRNA, RNA and DNA were isolated. The miRNAs were analysed with a preformed tool to identify a profiling of the resistance process, while for mRNA alterations in the expression of the genes involved in the transport of drugs were sought. Regarding DNA, we analysed how methylation levels vary during the development of resistance by analyzing over 850,000 CpG sites. From the analysis of the drug transporters, it has emerged that many of the superfamily genes of the ABC transporters are overexpressed in the cells that have acquired resistance. Among these, worthy of note are ABCG2, ABCA3 and ABCC1. Comparing the miRNA expressions to the different concentrations with untreated, we observed that 6 miRNAs are significantly deregulated: miR-193b-3p, miR-486-5p, miR-512-3p, miR-517a-3p, miR-365a -3p, miR-372-3p. These miRNAs modulate genes belonging to the ErbB signaling pathway, involved in the processes of modulation of cell viability, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis mechanism. Regarding methylation, it has been observed that the number of methylated genes increases considerably and the PTPRF, TP73, ARHGEF10, FHDC1, DUSP6, PLD6 and MIR548H4 genes are significantly hypermethylated in resistant cells. Given the recent attention to the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the onset of resistance, it is possible that a genetic and epigenetic profiling, which takes into account how the efflux transporters, miRNAs and DNA methylation interact, can represent a carried out for target therapy.
MONGUZZI, ERIKA. "EFFETTO DELLA GLIADINA SUL BILANCIO OSSIDATIVO E DANNO AL DNA NELLA LINEA CELLULARE CACO-2 E IN PAZIENTI CELIACI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/490822.
Full textPERRONE, DONATELLA. "Le cancer stem cells nei tumori della regione testa-collo: studio in vitro ed in vivo della linea cellulare HEP2." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/331740.
Full textDUGNANI, ERICA. "Identificazione e validazione di potenziali marcatori biologici nell’adenocarcinoma duttale del pancreas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/76153.
Full textSCATURRO, Anna Lisa. "Sintesi, caratterizzazione e nuove strategie formulative per la somministrazione di nuovi derivati dopaminici nella terapia della malattia di Parkinson." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91186.
Full textAMARU', JESSICA. "Fisiopatologia dei recettori della somatostatina nei tumori ipofisari GH-secernenti." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1046906.
Full textDempsey, Benjamin. "Thermal properties of linear cellular alloys." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17968.
Full textHayes, Alethea M. "Compression behavior of linear cellular steel." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32857.
Full textGiuliante, Rachela. "Caratterizzazione di cellule staminali tumorali ottenute da linee cellulari di carcinoma della laringe e di carcinoma della vescica." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243113.
Full textAccording to cancer stem cells theory, tumor development would be maintained by a distinct subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), that have the ability to self-renew and to resist to chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we setup a culture system to enrich CSCs from Hep-2 (laryngeal cancer), T24 (bladder cancer), MG63 (osteosarcoma), CaCo-2 (colorectal cancer) and A549 (lung cancer) cancer cell lines, through sphere formation. We further performed molecular and phenotypic characterization of CSC-enriched cell populations, by exploring the expression levels of stem markers and in vivo evaluating their tumorigenic potential, respectively. Moreover, we investigated the expression levels of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in CSCs and parental cells. Real-Time PCR and immunocytochemistry revealed that CSC-enriched populations showed increased expression levels of stem markers compared with controls. After subcutaneous injection of Hep-2 cells into immunocompromised mice, CSC-enriched population yielded tumors of a much larger size compared with those generated by parental cells, suggesting the strong ability of CSCs to form tumors in vivo. NNMT expression analysis revealed enzyme upregulation in CSC-enriched populations compared to parental counterpart. Considering the fundamental role of CSCs in tumor relapse and onset of metastases, findings reported in this work could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and suggest an important involvement of NNMT in cancer cell metabolism.
Dow, R. A. "Algebraic methods for finite linear cellular automata." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1647.
Full textTotty, Jennifer L. "Linear cellular copper in bending, compression and shear." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16913.
Full textKarlberg, Filip. "Non-linear behaviour of nanofibrillar cellulose foams." Thesis, KTH, Hållfasthetslära (Avd.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199396.
Full textBaines, Steven John. "Linear multi-user detection in DS-CDMA cellular systems." Thesis, University of York, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263690.
Full textRenna, Cristiano <1983>. "Effetti dell'inibizione di Tanchirasi in linee cellulari di Medulloblastoma umano." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5547/1/Renna_Cristiano_Tesi.pdf.
Full textTankyrase (TNKS) is a member of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) family. TNKS is involving in the stabilization of the “non-homologous end-joining” (NHEJ) proteins complex, referred as “DNA-dependent protein kinase” (DNA-PK). TNKS depletion resulted in degradation of catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs) causing increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Moreover, TNKS interacts with Axin, stimulating its degradation and arising in a WNT/β-catenin pathway activation; thus, a TNKS protein reduction induces a WNT pathway inhibition. Alterations in this pathway often occur in Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. Furthermore, post-operative radiotherapy is very effective for MB, but survivors have severe long-terms side effects and radiotherapy response sometimes is limited by intrinsic radioresistance. Hence, an important challenge is to improve radio-sensitivity. In this study we showed the consequences of pharmacological TNKS inhibition on human MB cell lines using the small molecule XAV939, a potent and specific TNKS-PARP activity inhibitor. XAV939 treatment on MB cell lines resulted in a consistent proliferative and clonogenic capability decrease, not related to cell mortality increase, showing the low toxicity of the small molecule. The co-administration of XAV939 and IR (γ-ray, dose 2 Gy) induced a massive inhibition of the clonogenic and proliferative capacity compared to controls. Moreover, we observed, by Neutral Comet Assay, a minor efficacy of the DNA repair in XAV939 and IR treated cells related to IR treated cells, indicating an enhanced MB cells radiosensitivity mediated by TNKS inhibition. The cell mortality increase in XAV939 and IR treated cells, compared to controls, confirmed our thesis. Our in vitro results suggested TNKS as a possible therapeutic target to improve current therapy in MB.
Renna, Cristiano <1983>. "Effetti dell'inibizione di Tanchirasi in linee cellulari di Medulloblastoma umano." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5547/.
Full textTankyrase (TNKS) is a member of the poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) family. TNKS is involving in the stabilization of the “non-homologous end-joining” (NHEJ) proteins complex, referred as “DNA-dependent protein kinase” (DNA-PK). TNKS depletion resulted in degradation of catalytic subunit of DNA-PK (DNA-PKcs) causing increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Moreover, TNKS interacts with Axin, stimulating its degradation and arising in a WNT/β-catenin pathway activation; thus, a TNKS protein reduction induces a WNT pathway inhibition. Alterations in this pathway often occur in Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. Furthermore, post-operative radiotherapy is very effective for MB, but survivors have severe long-terms side effects and radiotherapy response sometimes is limited by intrinsic radioresistance. Hence, an important challenge is to improve radio-sensitivity. In this study we showed the consequences of pharmacological TNKS inhibition on human MB cell lines using the small molecule XAV939, a potent and specific TNKS-PARP activity inhibitor. XAV939 treatment on MB cell lines resulted in a consistent proliferative and clonogenic capability decrease, not related to cell mortality increase, showing the low toxicity of the small molecule. The co-administration of XAV939 and IR (γ-ray, dose 2 Gy) induced a massive inhibition of the clonogenic and proliferative capacity compared to controls. Moreover, we observed, by Neutral Comet Assay, a minor efficacy of the DNA repair in XAV939 and IR treated cells related to IR treated cells, indicating an enhanced MB cells radiosensitivity mediated by TNKS inhibition. The cell mortality increase in XAV939 and IR treated cells, compared to controls, confirmed our thesis. Our in vitro results suggested TNKS as a possible therapeutic target to improve current therapy in MB.
Mansell, Adrian Richard. "Linear transmitter design for flexible mobile transceivers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361137.
Full textBajic, Mirko M. "Design of dynamic cellular manufacturing systems." Title page, abstract and contents only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb165.pdf.
Full textO'Neill, Ciaran Francis. "Cellular mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to platinum agents." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324883.
Full textChiechi, Antonella <1979>. "Caratterizzazione di linee cellulari da pazienti con sarcomi delle parti molli." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2141/1/chiechi_antonella_tesi.pdf.
Full textChiechi, Antonella <1979>. "Caratterizzazione di linee cellulari da pazienti con sarcomi delle parti molli." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2141/.
Full textMilota, Tomáš. "Studie efektivnosti využití pracovišť ve vybraném provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318338.
Full textKenney-Herbert, Emma Mary. "Molecular and cellular characterisation of human glioblastoma tumour-initiating cell lines." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608958.
Full textMROZEK, MARIE AGNES. "Effetti “in vitro” dell’Apigenina sulla proliferazione di linee cellulari di Rabdomiosarcoma e Osteosarcoma." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/208552.
Full textSarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal neoplasms. They appear commonly as an asymptomatic mass originating anywhere in the body, expecially in the extremity, in the trunk and in the retroperitoneum. Sarcomas can be grouped into two general categories: soft tissue sarcoma and primary bone sarcoma. The most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood and adolescence is the Rhabdomyosarcoma, which is a mesenchymal tumor belonging to “small round cell tumors of childhood” category. The most common primary bone sarcoma in adolescence is represented by the Osteosarcoma, composed of spindle cells producing osteoid matrix or immature bone. Mechanisms and molecules involved in Rhabdomyosarcoma and Osteosarcoma development are not yet elucidated. It has been found a familiar tendency in association with some genetic sindrome such as Neurofibromatosis type 1, Gardner syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Several studies have demonstred that also genetic alterations such as oncogenes amplification (e.g. c-myc, members of the ras family and ErbB receptors) are associated with an increase risk of sarcomas development. In general we can say that a 5- years survival chance decrease sharply and progressively with stage disease. In fact, with a well-timed diagnosis the survival rate rises to 90% of cases, indeed it does not exceed 15% of cases in the presence of metastasis. Rhabdomyosarcoma and Osteosarcoma treatment comprise a combination of several terapeutic approachs including surgery and the radiotherapy, alone or in combination, and the chemotherapy, which utilizes several combinations of chemotherapeutics agents. Analysis of the effects of new compounds with antitumor activity in Osteosarcoma and Rhabdomyosarcoma tumors cells, could lead to identify new agents to be utilized in combination with traditional therapies. Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the importance of flavonoids, which are present in plants. In fact, enhancing flavonoid intake decrease the risk of insurgence of chronics-degeneratives disease. Among flavonids we have studied apigenin, because of its low toxicity and its demonstrated biological effects on tumoral cells. In this work we have evaluated the apigenin effect on Rhabdomyosarcoma tumorals cells (RD18, RH4) and Osteosarcoma tumorals cells (SAOS) proliferation. Cells have been treated with apigenin and we have studied cellular survival, the cellular population change in different phases of cellular cycle and the modulation of ErbB receptors, in particular EGFR. We have also evaluated the different expression of genes involved in signal transduction pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1 and ERK2 and AKT, implicated in sarcomas development. The antitumor effect demonstrated by apigenin “in vitro” indicates the necessity of preclinical studies on animal models and suggests that apigenin may represent a chemopreventive and antitumor agent.
Landron, Orlando. "Microwave multipath resolution in microcellular channels." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03032009-040639/.
Full textKnapp, Bettina, and Lars Kaderali. "Reconstruction of Cellular Signal Transduction Networks Using Perturbation Assays and Linear Programming." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-127239.
Full textKnapp, Bettina, and Lars Kaderali. "Reconstruction of Cellular Signal Transduction Networks Using Perturbation Assays and Linear Programming." Public Library of Science, 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27289.
Full textSkarmoutsou, Evangelia. "Notch1 e TGF-beta1 nell'espressione di FOXP3 in linee cellulari umane di melanoma." Thesis, Università degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/197.
Full textMelanoma represents the most aggressive, increasing and lethal skin malignancy. Chemo- and radiation therapy are of limited efficacy for melanoma treatment. Understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in melanoma cell proliferation will undoubtly allow the development of new therapeutic approaches. Tumor cells have adopted inhibitory mechanisms originally thought to be restricted to lymphocyte subpopulations. The forkhead transcription factor FOXP3, a specific key player in regulatory T cells function, is also expressed by cancer cells. It is known that Notch and TGF-beta signalling pathways cooperatively regulate FOXP3 expression. Notch is activated through two sequential enzymatic cleavage events, one of which is catalyzed by gamma-secretase complex. This study was to determine whether the cross-talk between the TGF-beta1 and Notch1 signalling is a required pathway for the induction of FOXP3 expression in melanoma cell lines A375 and A2058. FOXP3 expression, analyzed by RT-PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry, was modulated by treatment with a gamma-secretase inhibitor and TGF-beta1. Results show that FOXP3 is expressed both at the transcript and protein level by cancer cell lines under study. Furthermore, inhibitor treatment, with or withoutTGF-beta1, caused a decreased expression of mRNA and the levels of mature protein of Foxp3. However, such a decreased expression was more pronounced without TGF-beta1. This study suggests that FOXP3 may be modulated by Notch signaling in melanoma cell lines. Notch inhibition, as by a gamma-secretase inhibitoir treatment, could increase an effective anti-tumour immune response by decreasing FOXP3 expression.
Saqar, Wedad Ali. "Characterization of Small Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in a Human Lens Epithelium Cell Line (B3)." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1401279427.
Full textMehta, Kalpita Deepak. "Commercialization of Transiently Transfected Cell Lines for High Throughput Drug Screening and Profiling Applications." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1269628794.
Full textYousuf, Ghadah Khaled. "The Effect of Violacein Extracted from Chromobacterium violaceum on Growth of Breast, Colon, Lung, and, Prostate Cancer Cell Lines." Thesis, Tennessee State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10243226.
Full textChromobacterium violaceum (CV) produces a violet color pigment known as Violacein. It has been reported that violacein has anticancer activity. This compound is produced by CV a gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacterium found in soil and water environmental samples. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of purified violacein on select cancer cell lines. Violacein used in this study was purified from CV strain (14N23), a strain isolated from environmental samples collected in the Tennessee Copper Basin. The previous reports used a crude extract preparation of violacein; thus, it was of interest to determine the effect of the pure compound on cancer cell growth was similar to that of the crude extracts. The compound purified following the method of Mehta, et al. was exposed to cancer cells and cell death assessed using the Alamar Blue procedure. It was found that violacein had no effect on A549, BT549, and PC3 cancer cell growth; however, there was a significant effect on Colo-320 cancer cells. It was concluded that further studies are required to assess the effect of violacein on enzymes and proteins involved in the cancer cell apoptotic pathways. Such studies will explain why cancer cell death was observed in certain cancer cells and not others.
Vieceli, Dalla Sega Francesco <1979>. "ROS generate dalle NAD(P)H ossidasi nella segnalazione redox in linee cellulari leucemiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3870/1/VieceliDallaSega_Francesco_tesi.pdf.
Full textVieceli, Dalla Sega Francesco <1979>. "ROS generate dalle NAD(P)H ossidasi nella segnalazione redox in linee cellulari leucemiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3870/.
Full textZERBINATI, Carlotta. "Cellular activity of microRNAs dysregulated in breast cancer." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388950.
Full textMARCHETTI, SARA. "A CASE STUDY ON COMBUSTION-DERIVED PARTICLES: EVALUATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN PULMONARY CELL LINES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/261925.
Full textAirborne pollution is a noteworthy environmental and health threat. It has been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) and greatly contributes to increased morbidity, mortality and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases exacerbation. Air pollution can be generated both by natural and anthropogenic sources. Among anthropogenic sources the main contributors are diesel exhaust and biomass-derived particles. Several experimental and epidemiological studies have been performed on traffic-related and biomass burning-derived particles as chief contributors to the adverse health effects reported after exposure to particulate matter (PM). These studies describe the particle toxicological effects reporting different responses on the biological endpoints investigated on in vitro and in vivo systems. PM properties indeed may vary depending on several parameters, including emission sources. According to the different emission sources, particles can show different physico-chemical properties, such as size, shape, surface area, solubility and chemical composition. All these properties might seriously affect the biological reactivity and thus the final impact on human health. Nevertheless, our knowledge on the different biological responses and molecular mechanisms triggered by particles with variable physico-chemical properties is still poor. In the present thesis, the cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-carcinogenic properties of particles collected during combustion of different biomass and diesel sources (CDPs) have been investigated: - biomass particles collected from the emission of a heating system operating with pellet, charcoal or wood respectively; - diesel exhaust ultrafine particles (DEP) directly sampled from a Euro IV vehicle run over a chassis dyno. In the first part of the work, attention was given to particles collected from biomass combustion. The role possibly played by biomass particles collected during the combustion of different fuels under identical conditions in the same stove (commonly used) on different toxicological and pro-carcinogenesis processes was investigated. To further explore the relative role of the particle core versus particle-adsorbed compounds in the lung epithelial cells response, the respective organic fractions and the remaining washed particles were also tested. Two different cell lines were used to assess biomass effects after acute and prolonged exposure: A549 alveolar epithelial cells (Chapters 1 and 2) and HBEC-3KT bronchial epithelial cells (Chapter 3). In the second part of the work (Chapter 4), the biological effects induced by diesel combustion particles (DEP) were described, focusing on their health hazard at both respiratory and vascular levels. Moreover, a possible molecular mechanism leading to cardiovascular effects induced by DEP has been explored. In conclusion, the present thesis points out the central role of the particle chemical composition in generating significant adverse outcomes. These results demonstrated that particles from different emission sources and fuels may differently affect human health at respiratory and cardiovascular levels according to their composition. Thus, advanced strategies are needed to reduce the biological impact triggered by the emission of diesel engine and biomass-propelled heating systems and prevent harmful health effects.
Faidutti, Marco <1993>. "Scelte sulla lunghezza della linea di prodotto in risposta all’intensità competitiva: il caso del settore dei telefoni cellulari." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15829.
Full textRinehart, Janet Emilea. "Development of HeLa cell lines that differentiate human rhinoviruses using the major cellular receptor /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148784410597496.
Full textRAMIREZ, MORALES RAFAEL IGNACIO. "Molecular and cellular effects of mycophenolic acid: study on prostate cancer derived cell lines." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1064.
Full textMycophenolic Acid (MPA) is a mycotoxin well studied for its antibiotic, anti-neoplastic, immunosuppressant, antiinflammatory, antiviral, antipsoriasis and antifungal properties. MPA is a uncompetitive reversible inhibitor of IMPDH, the pivotal enzyme in purine biosynthesis. By reducing the nucleoside pool, MPA effectively inhibits Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) synthesis, the main mechanism by which it achieves cell cycle arrest. MPA has been recently shown to induce redifferentiation of various neoplastic cell types, including Prostate Cancer derived cell lines. The goal of our research is to determine the effects of MPA on Prostate Cancer derived cell lines. The long term objective is to establish an in vitro model for the study of prostate derived exosomes, the prostasome. To meet this objective we sought evidence of long and short term effects of MPA both on cytological and genetic levels. We also assesed if these modifications were maintained beyond the pharmacological challenge. We observed varying degrees of redifferentiation, based on the morphological, physiological and molecular criteria. In particular, MPA induced expression of various molecular markers for epithelial differentiation and function, namely MME, DPP IV and PSA. Additionally, we detected transcription of the AR in a cell type where expression was previously absent, indicating the lift of the transcriptional repression of the gene. Initial levels of HPRT seem to be an indicator of cell sensibility to IMPDH inhibitors. The depletion of the GTP pool—caused by the inhibition of IMPDH activity by MPA—is known to regulate the expression of IMPDH. We show that the isoforms are regulated independently. Our work shows that MPA induces partial phenotypical and functional redifferentiation of the Prostate Cancer derived cell lines studied. We show cytological and molecular evidence that MPA induced redifferentiation can be in part sustained after the pharmacological challenge in the absence of the drug.
Privitera, Giovanna. "Studio di nuovi approcci farmacologici in grado di inibire l'attivazione dei recettori del fattore di crescita epidermico (EGF) in linee cellulari di carcinoma polmonare non a piccole cellule (NSCLC)." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1436.
Full textDaniels, Brodie Belinda. "The effect of human soluble FceRII on the RPMI 8866 B-Lymphoblastoid and the U937 Monocyte cell lines." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/322.
Full textBennett, David William. "The design and performance of automatically-controlled feedforward amplifiers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296590.
Full textSalaroli, Roberta <1973>. "Ruolo di β-catenina nella risposta a radiazioni ionizzanti di linee cellulari di medulloblastoma umano." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/603/1/Salaroli_tesi.pdf.
Full textSalaroli, Roberta <1973>. "Ruolo di β-catenina nella risposta a radiazioni ionizzanti di linee cellulari di medulloblastoma umano." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/603/.
Full textPatel, M. "The charecterisation of the adenovirus 2-E1 genes that transform normal rat embryo fibroblasts to immortal cell lines." Thesis, University of Essex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381249.
Full textWong, Mei-Po Mabel. "The calcium-dependence of cellular responses to histamine in a human astrocytoma cell line." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624361.
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