Relevant bibliographies by topics / Limit states method

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Limit states method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Limit states method"

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Gusev, E. V. "Bethe method: Thermodynamics and limit states." Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 67, no. 3 (June 1986): 606–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01028696.

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Acar, Erdem. "A reliability index extrapolation method for separable limit states." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 53, no. 5 (December 23, 2015): 1099–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-015-1391-0.

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YUKALOV, V. I. "METHOD OF THERMODYNAMIC QUASIAVERAGES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 05, no. 20 (December 1991): 3235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979291001267.

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A new method is developed to define pure states for many-body systems with spontaneous symmetry breaking. The advantage of the method is in the use of solely the standard thermodynamic limit, as compared to the Bogolubov method of infinitesimal external sources which invokes two limiting procedures: the standard thermodynamic limit and the elimination of external sources. The general conditions for obtaining pure states are formulated. When these conditions do not hold mixed states appear. The method is illustrated by calculations for two simple models.
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MURASE, Yoshihide. "Limit States Design Method of Cranes (Preliminary) and its Discussion." Proceedings of the Transportation and Logistics Conference 2002.11 (2002): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetld.2002.11.29.

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Nazarova, Sh Sh. "Some principles of normalization of multi-level design of structures with specified parameters of limit states." Вестник гражданских инженеров 17, no. 6 (2020): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-6-104-116.

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The article presents a method for calculating the seismic resistance at multi-level design of structures, in which as a result a scenario of damage accumulation in the structure from earthquakes is created. The level of calculated impact for various limit states is set for various limit states and the criteria for transitions to limit states are described. The limit states of structures are considered at calculating for the impact of design earthquakes (DE) on the structure performance. Criteria for limiting plastic deformations, energy intensity, and damage are considered for maximum calculated earthquake (MCE).To assess the damage rate, the use of damage spectra of the structure is proposed. A variant of using the linear-spectral method (LSM) for estimating the seismic stability of structures at different limit states is presented.
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Gharagheizi, Farhad, Poorandokht Ilani-Kashkouli, and Amir H. Mohammadi. "Corresponding States Method for Estimation of Upper Flammability Limit Temperature of Chemical Compounds." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51, no. 17 (April 24, 2012): 6265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie300375k.

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Gilberto Quevedo Sotolongo, Sc. "Employment of the Limit-States Method and the Safety Theory in Geotechnical Design." Science Innovation 3, no. 6 (2015): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20150306.15.

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Bomberg, Mark, and Dave Allen. "Use of Generalized Limit States Method for Design of Building Envelopes for Durability." Journal of Thermal Insulation and Building Envelopes 20, no. 1 (July 1996): 18–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109719639602000104.

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Packer, Jeffrey A., Glenn A. Morris, and Gwynne Davies. "A limit states design method for welded tension connections to I-section webs." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 12, no. 1 (January 1989): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(89)90048-5.

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Behr, Richard A., and Abdeldjelil Belarbi. "Seismic Test Methods for Architectural Glazing Systems." Earthquake Spectra 12, no. 1 (February 1996): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585871.

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An ongoing effort is being made at the University of Missouri-Rolla to develop standard laboratory test methods and codified design procedures for architectural glass under seismic loadings. Recent laboratory work has yielded some promising results regarding the development of an appropriate seismic test method for architectural glass, as well as identifying ultimate limit states that quantify the seismic performance and damage thresholds of various glass types. Specifically, a straightforward “crescendo-like” in-plane dynamic racking test, performed at a constant frequency, has been employed successfully. Two ultimate limit states for architectural glass have been defined: (1) a lower ultimate limit state corresponding to major glass crack pattern formation; and (2) an upper limit state corresponding to significant glass fallout. Early crescendo tests have yielded distinct and repeatable ultimate limit state data for various storefront glass types tested under dynamic racking motions. Crescendo tests will also be used to identify and quantify serviceability limit states for architectural glass and associated glazing components under dynamic loadings. These limit state data will support the development of rational design procedures for architectural glass under seismic loadings.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Limit states method"

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Poruba, Michal. "Návrh sanace sesuvu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227466.

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Main goal of thesis entitled "Landslide remediation design" is - based on acquired knowledge and submitted documents about the problematic of landslides - to determine the causes of the landslides on II. class road between villages Koryčany and Jestřabice and to propose optimal redevelopment.
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Ostendorp, Markus. "Improved Methodology for Limit States Finite Element Analysis of Lattice Type Structures using Nonlinear Post-Buckling Member Performance." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1179.

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In an attempt to achieve more efficient designs, the technological frontier is pushed further and further. Every year science probes for a better understanding of natural phenomena, discovering new and improved methods to perform the same task more efficiently and with better results. One of the new technologies is the nonlinear analysis of structural systems using inelastic post-buckling member performance. Inelastic post-buckling member performance is defined as the constitutive relationship between axial load and displacement after the ultimate member capacity has been exceeded. A nonlinear analysis is able to predict the failure behavior of a structural system under ultimate loads more accurately than the traditionally used linear elastic analysis. Consequently, designs can be improved and become more efficient, which reduces the realization cost of a project. An improved nonlinear analysis solution algorithm has been developed, that allows the analyst to perform a nonlinear analysis using post-buckling member performances faster than previously possible. Furthermore, the original post-buckling member performance database was expanded using results obtained from physical member compression tests. Based on the experimental results, new post-buckling member performance model curves were developed to be used together with the improved nonlinear solution algorithm. In addition, a program was developed that allows the analyst to perform a valid nonlinear analysis using a finite element program (LIMIT). The program combines a numerical pre-processor, and input and output data evaluation modules based on human expertise together with the LIMIT analysis package. Extensive on-line help facilities together with graphical pre- and post-processors were also integrated into the program. The resulting analysis package essentially combines all of the necessary components required to perform a nonlinear analysis using post-buckling member performances into one complete analysis package.
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Santos, Aruac Alves. "Sistema para Projeto de Edifícios de Alvenaria Estrutural pelo Método dos Estados-Limite: Módulo de Análise e Dimensionamento." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2013. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3803.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
The growth of the real estate market in Brazil, mainly for ranges middle and low income is an incentive to the use of structural masonry, due to the economy and rationality generated by the system. These factors serve as incentives to companies that are inserted in this branch to invest in research, in the use of new materials and processes for the analysis, and more sophisticated dimensioning, which allow the assessment of critical situations more quickly. In this context, the use of computer programs make it possible to obtain a rationalized design, helping to increase the accuracy and efficiency factors. Until recently, the dimensioning of structural masonry was done based on the method of Allowable Stresses. In the Brazilian current standards for structural masonry of concrete blocks (ABNT NBR 15961-1:2011) and ceramic blocks (ABNT NBR 15812-1:2010), the method of calculation used is the Method of Limit States, which has a semiprobabilistic base. This method considers that a safe structure is the one that has not reached any limit state during its lifetime. This work presents a computational tool, developed in the AutoLISP language and DCL, which is able to perform the structural analysis and dimensioning of masonry buildings by the Method of Limit States. The program also allows the determination of the efforts in structural masonry walls, subjected to vertical loads (self weight and reactions from the slabs), as well as the horizontal loads (wind and state of being out of plumb ) . For vertical actions, the program uses the method of isolated walls and wall groups , and for the horizontal actions, allows it to take into consideration whether or not the existence of flange in panels bracing. The developed tool uses the same platform used for the graphic designs in general (AutoCAD). Among other facilities, the tool allows, in an interactive way, the automatic interpretation of the structural elements of the building (walls and slabs) and the distribution of the actions. The application also allows the creation of a memorial of calculating for steps of obtaining the vertical and horizontal actions and the tensions, besides another, aside, for sizing and other checks. Is presented a comparison between manual calculation and the results generated by the program for a four-story masonry building. The differences found in the comparison were lower than 2.0%. The application developed has shown great efficiency, ease to use, and rapid evaluation of masonry designs.
O crescimento do mercado imobiliário no Brasil, principalmente para as faixas de renda média e baixa é um incentivo ao uso da alvenaria estrutural, em virtude da economia e racionalidade geradas pelo sistema. Esses fatores servem de incentivos às empresas que estão inseridas nesse ramo para investirem em pesquisas, no uso de novos materiais e em processos de análise e dimensionamento mais sofisticados, que permitam avaliar as situações críticas com maior rapidez. Neste contexto, o uso de programas computacionais possibilitam a obtenção de um projeto racionalizado, contribuindo para o incremento dos fatores precisão e eficiência. Até pouco tempo atrás, o dimensionamento da alvenaria estrutural era feito com base no Método das Tensões Admissíveis. Nas normas atuais de alvenaria estrutural de blocos de concreto (ABNT NBR 15961-1:2011) e de blocos cerâmicos (ABNT NBR 15812-1:2010), o método de cálculo utilizado é o Método dos Estados Limites, que possui base semiprobabilística. Este método considera uma estrutura segura aquela que não atinge nenhum estado limite durante a sua vida útil. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma ferramenta computacional desenvolvida em linguagem AutoLISP e DCL capaz de realizar a análise e o dimensionamento de edifícios de alvenaria estrutural pelo método dos estados-limite. O programa permite a determinação dos esforços em paredes estruturais de alvenaria submetidas às ações verticais (peso próprio e reações das lajes), assim como às ações horizontais (vento e desaprumo). Para as ações verticais, o programa utiliza o método das Paredes isoladas e o método de Grupos de paredes, e para as ações horizontais, permite-se levar em consideração ou não a existência de abas nos painéis de contraventamento. A ferramenta desenvolvida utiliza a mesma plataforma gráfica empregada para os desenhos de projeto em geral (AutoCAD). Dentre outras facilidades, a ferramenta permite, de uma maneira interativa, a interpretação automática dos elementos estruturais da edificação (lajes e paredes) e a distribuição das ações atuantes. O aplicativo permite ainda a geração de um memorial de cálculo para as etapas de obtenção das ações verticais e horizontais e das tensões, além de outro, à parte, para o dimensionamento e as demais verificações. Para validar o módulo, é apresentada uma comparação entre o cálculo manual e os resultados gerados pelo programa para um edifício padrão de alvenaria estrutural de quatro andares. As diferenças encontradas na comparação foram menores que 2,0%. O aplicativo desenvolvido demonstrou grande eficiência, facilidade de uso e rapidez na avaliação de projetos de alvenaria estrutural.
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Moura, Nícolas Rodrigues. "Contribution to the study of the effect of three-dimensional stress states to slope stability analysis." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8904.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Análises de estabilidade de taludes são predominantemente realizadas em duas-dimensões (2D) por métodos de equilíbrio limite. Os métodos convencionais de equilíbrio limite são alvos de muitas críticas pelo o uso do equilíbrio estático, pressuposições de forças na análise e por possuir o mesmo fator de segurança ao longo de toda a superfície de deslizamento. Para superar essas deficiências, o método proposto por Kulhawy (1969) incorpora o comportamento tensão-deformação do solo com tensões oriundas do Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM) e tem a mesma estrutura dos métodos de equilíbrio dos métodos de equilíbrio de equilíbrio limite clássicos. É também chamado de método aperfeiçoado. Devido à existência de taludes com geometrias complexas, a abordagem tridimensional (3D) é a única capaz de incorporar todos os aspectos geométricos do problema. Esta dissertação é dividida em dois artigos com o tema de estabilidade de taludes pelo o método de Kulhawy em abordagens 2D e 3D. O objetivo primário dessa dissertação é avaliar os principais fatores que influenciam a estabilidade de taludes. O primeiro artigo propôs geometrias variando de convexo a côncavo em um conjunto de propriedades típicas de solos. Duas trajetórias de geração de tensões in- situ foram utilizadas, i.e., construção e escavação. O método GLE foi calculado para fins de comparação. A superfície de deslizamento é muito dependente do histórico de tensão e da forma da face do talude. A diferença relativa no estado de tensões inicial típico alcançou 15% nas análises 2D e 34% nas análises 3D. A análise de sensibilidade do efeito do Poisson no fator de segurança mostrou-se muito relevante. A relação entre os fatores de segurança 2D e 3D são quase lineares independente do estado de tensões, das propriedades de resistência, formato da face do talude, na ordem de 30 a 40%. O segundo artigo propõe análises em barragens construídas em vales estreitos. Três abordagens de análises foram utilizadas: redução de resistência ao cisalhamento (SSR), métodos de Kulhawy e GLE. Condições típicas de fundações são muito variáveis como topografia e deformabilidade. A análise de sensibilidade do módulo de fundação de Young no fator de segurança foi insignificante em 2D e relevantes em 3D. A relação entre o comprimento do aterro (W) e a altura () é uma variável representativa do grau de estreitamento da barragem e na estabilidade de taludes. A análise de deformações planas tende a altas relações W/H e o oposto mostra elevados efeitos 3D. A inclinação da ombreira mostrou-se relevante no fator de segurança apenas em aterros em vales estreitos. Fundações mais rígidas são mais beneficias para o fator de segurança devido à produção de altos efeitos de arqueamento neste cenário. O método de Kulhawy provou-se ser vantajoso pela a incorporação do comportamento mecânico do solo, o uso de tensões mais realísticas nas análises e avaliação da estabilidade local na superfície de deslizamento. Isso aumenta a quantidade de informações úteis e confiáveis para o profissional de engenharia no projeto de taludes. Todas as análises foram realizadas usando o software SoilVision Systems, Saskatchewan, Canadá. Os módulos utilizados foram o SVLOPE, SVSOLID e o SVFLUX (SoilVision Systems Ltd., 2018). A análise de tensão para a simulação de trajetórias de escavação e construção utilizou do solucionador de Equações Diferenciais Parcias (PDE) o FlexPDE 6 (PDE Solutions Inc., 2014).
Slope stability analyses are predominantly performed using the two-dimensional (2D) conventional limit equilibrium methods. Conventional limit equilibrium methods are targets of many criticisms for using static equilibrium, assumptions of forces in the analysis and the same factor of safety along the slip surface. In order to overcome these shortcomings, the method proposed by Kulhawy (1969) incorporates the stress-strain behavior of the soil with stresses from the Finite Element Method (FEM) with the same structure as limit equilibrium methods. It is also called enhanced method. Due to the existence of slopes with complex geometries, the three-dimensional (3D) approach is only able to incorporate all the geometric aspects of the problem. This thesis is divided into two papers with the subject of slope stability analyses by the Kulhawy’s method in 2D and 3D approaches. The primary objective of this thesis is to evaluate major factors that influence slope stability. The first paper proposed geometries ranging from convex to concave in a set of soil properties. Two stress paths were considered, i.e., construction and excavation. The GLE method was computed for comparison purposes. The slip surface is very dependent on the stress history and the shape of slope face. The relative difference in typical initial stress state reached 15% in 2D analyses and 34% in 3D analyses. Sensitivity analysis of effect of Poisson’s ratio on factor of safety was very relevant. The relationship between 2D and 3D factors of safety are nearly linear independent of stress state on order of 30 to 40%. The second paper propose analyses on embankment dams built in narrow valleys. Three approaches of slope stability were used: shear strength reduction (SSR), Kulhawy’s and GLE methods. The typical conditions of foundation sites are very variable as topography and deformability. Sensitivity analysis of Young’s modulus of foundation on factor of safety was insignificant in 2D and relevant in 3D analyses. The ratio between embankment length (W) and height (H) was very important on slope stability. The plane strain analysis tends to high W/H ratio and the opposite shows high 3D effects. The inclination of abutment showed to be relevant on factor of safety only in embankments in narrow valleys. Stiffer foundations are beneficial to the factor of safety due producing high arching effects in this scenario. The Kulhawy’s method proved to be advantageous by the incorporation of mechanical behavior of soil, more realistic stress and local stability evaluation on slip surface. It increases the amount of useful and reliable information to the engineering professional in design of slopes. All analyses were performed using SoilVision Systems suite software, Saskatchewan, Canada. The modules used were SVSLOPE, SVSOLID and SVFLUX (SoilVision Systems Ltd., 2018). The stress analysis for the simulation of excavation and construction trajectories used partial differential equation (PDE) solver, FlexPDE 6 (PDE Solutions Inc., 2014).
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Rudani, Manan Sureshbhai, and Hampus Ring. "Strength Analysis of Deployable Hangar." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-179926.

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It is of interest to investigate extended usability of Saab’s Deployable Aircraft Maintenance facility(DAM) with respect to Eurocode standards. One of the features of the deployable hangar is that it shouldcomply with the structural strength standards for permanent buildings which requires compliance withEurocodes.Eurocodes are European standards which deals with the development of building and structural design.Compliance with Eurocodes works as a proof of requirement for mechanical strength, stability andsafety of structures. The Eurocodes were created by the European Committee for Standardization withthe intent to simplify technical obstacles and enable trade within Europe and elsewhere.The thesis has resulted in the creation of a Finite Element Model (FE-Model) of the deployable hangar,for which different loading combinations have been applied. From the FE-results, trade-off curves havebeen generated that show the effect that the different loading conditions have on the differentcomponents of the hangar. This is done for the current configuration of the hangar and for differentproduct variants. The analysis includes the effects of increased load levels.From the trade-off curves it is possible to see to what extent the hangar can withstand increased load.This is being measured with a Eurocode ratio. It has been found that the Eurocode ratio is directlydependent on increase of loads i.e. increased loads give a linear increase in Eurocode ratio for most ofthe components studied. The product variants consists of different lengths of the hangar. From the studyit has been found that adding or removing sections does not have a substantial effect on the strength ofthe hangar and the Eurocode ratio mostly remains constant. In addition the most critical componentshave been found and design suggestions have been proposed to improve the strength of the hangarwithin compliance with Eurocodes.
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Chu, Lai Fan. "Calibration of design methods for large-diameter bored piles for limit state design code development /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202007%20CHU.

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Tezcan, Tolga. "State space collapse in many-server diffusion limits of parallel server systems and applications." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07022006-162830/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Jiangang Dai, Committee Co-Chair ; Amy Ward, Committee Co-Chair ; Anton Kleywegt, Committee Member ; Ron Billings, Committee Member ; Mor Armony, Committee Member.
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Azizsoltani, Hamoon, and Hamoon Azizsoltani. "Risk Estimation of Nonlinear Time Domain Dynamic Analyses of Large Systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624545.

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A novel concept of multiple deterministic analyses is proposed to design safer and more damage-tolerant structures, particularly when excited by dynamic including seismic loading in time domain. Since the presence of numerous sources of uncertainty cannot be avoided or overlooked, the underlying risk is estimated to compare design alternatives. To generate the implicit performance functions explicitly, the basic response surface method is significantly improved. Then, several surrogate models are proposed. The advanced factorial design and Kriging method are used as the major building blocks. Using these basic schemes, seven alternatives are proposed. Accuracies of these schemes are verified using basic Monte Carlo simulations. After verifying all seven alternatives, the capabilities of the three most desirable schemes are compared using a case study. They correctly identified and correlated damaged states of structural elements in terms of probability of failure using only few hundreds of deterministic analyses. The modified Kriging method appears to be the best technique considering both efficiency and accuracy. Estimating the probability of failure, the post-Northridge seismic design criteria are found to be appropriate. After verifying the proposed method, a Site-Specific seismic safety assessment method for nonlinear structural systems is proposed to generate a suite of ground excitation time histories. The information of risk is used to design a structure more damage-tolerant. The proposed procedure is verified and showcased by estimating risks associated with three buildings designed by professional experts in the Los Angeles area satisfying the post-Northridge design criteria for the overall lateral deflection and inter-story drift. The accuracy of the estimated risk is again verified using the Monte Carlo simulation technique. In all cases, the probabilities of collapse are found to be less than 10% when excited by the risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake ground motion satisfying the intent of the code. The spread in the reliability indexes for each building for both limit states cannot be overlooked, indicating the significance of the frequency contents. The inter story drift is found to be more critical than the overall lateral displacement. The reliability indexes for both limit states are similar only for few cases. The author believes that the proposed methodology is an alternative to the classical random vibration and simulation approaches. The proposed site-specific seismic safety assessment procedure can be used by practicing engineers for routine applications. The proposed reliability methodology is not problem-specific. It is capable of handling systems with different levels of complexity and scalability, and it is robust enough for multi-disciplinary routine applications. In order to show the multi-disciplinary application of the proposed methodology, the probability of failure of lead-free solders in Ball Grid Array 225 surface-mount packaging for a given loading cycle is estimated. The accuracy of the proposed methodology is verified with the help of Monte Carlo simulation. After the verification, probability of failure versus loading cycles profile is calculated. Such a comprehensive study of its lifetime behavior and the corresponding reliability analyses can be useful for sensitive applications.
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Burda, Patrik. "Nosná konstrukce vícepodlažního železobetonového objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371853.

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The diploma thesis is focused on design on loadbearing reinforced concrete structure of multi-storey apartment building with shops and offices on the ground floor and underground garage. The thesis consists of the analysis and design of ceiling slabs above underground floor, supporting columns and the beam under the underground floor ceiling slab. Calculation 3D model was created to determine internal forces. All structures are designed according to EC2, ČSN EN 1992-1-1. The thesis includes elaboration of static calculation, shape drawings, drawings of reinforcement of solved structures. The rest of the project part are not analysed.
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Obršlík, Petr. "Modelování a statická analýza stropní konstrukce v programu ANSYS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226805.

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This thesis mainly deals with modeling and static analysis of the ceiling structure in the basic environment of ANSYS. The first part is focused on verifying correctness of the model most stressed parts of the structure with a simple hand-static calculation by the process of stress on a continuous beam. The main part is devoted to modeling composite structure, element types, specifying loads and boundary conditions by ANSYS FEM program. In the end, there are the results of stress and deflection presented, and the structure is evaluated at the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state.
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Books on the topic "Limit states method"

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Allen, Tony M. Application of the K-̥stiffness method to reinforce soil wall limit states design. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2001.

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Weichert, Dieter. Limit States of Materials and Structures: Direct Methods. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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Spiliopoulos, Konstantinos, and Dieter Weichert, eds. Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6827-7.

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Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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Mead, Kenneth M. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be re-examined : statement of Kenneth M. Mead ... before the Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, United States House of Representatives. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Monitoring practices to show compliance with speed limits should be reexamined : briefing report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation, and Infrastructure, Committee on Environment and Public Works, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Motorcycle helmet laws save lives and reduce costs to society : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1991.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Causes of injury in automobile crashes : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Office, General Accounting. Highway safety: Reliability and validity of DOT crash tests : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Limit states method"

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Spiliopoulos, Konstantinos V., and Konstantinos D. Panagiotou. "The Residual Stress Decomposition Method (RSDM): A Novel Direct Method to Predict Cyclic Elastoplastic States." In Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials, 139–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6827-7_7.

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El-Tawil, K., M. Lemaire, and J. P. Muzeau. "Reliability Method to Solve Mechanical Problems with Implicit Limit States." In Lecture Notes in Engineering, 181–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84753-0_12.

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Trần, Thanh Ngọc, and M. Staat. "Shakedown Analysis of Reissner-Mindlin Plates Using the Edge-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method." In Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials, 101–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6827-7_5.

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Chen, Haofeng, and Weihang Chen. "Recent Development and Application of the Linear Matching Method for Design Limits in Plasticity and Creep: An Overview." In Direct Methods for Limit States in Structures and Materials, 257–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6827-7_13.

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Kolupaev, Vladimir A. "Visualization Methods." In Equivalent Stress Concept for Limit State Analysis, 67–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73049-3_3.

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Simon, J. W., and D. Weichert. "Interior-Point Method for Lower Bound Shakedown Analysis of von Mises-Type Materials." In Limit State of Materials and Structures, 103–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5425-6_6.

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Garcea, Giovanni, and Leonardo Leonetti. "Decomposition Methods and Strain Driven Algorithms for Limit and Shakedown Analysis." In Limit State of Materials and Structures, 19–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5425-6_2.

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Trân, Thanh Ngọc, and Manfred Staat. "An Edge-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method for Primal-Dual Shakedown Analysis of Structures Under Uncertainties." In Limit State of Materials and Structures, 89–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5425-6_5.

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Shao, S., and Y. Murotsu. "Reliability Evaluation Methods for Systems with Complex Limit States." In Lecture Notes in Engineering, 325–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84753-0_24.

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Mohr, Gunnar. "Empirical Limit State Modelling in Reliability Analysis." In Probabilistic Structural Mechanics: Advances in Structural Reliability Methods, 366–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85092-9_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Limit states method"

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Domyancic, Laura, Luciano Smith, Harry Millwater, Daniel Sparkman, and Dave Wieland. "A Fast First-Order Method for Filtering Limit States." In 50th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-2260.

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Adianto, Riski, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Maher Nessim, Sherif Hassanien, and Steven Bott. "Demonstration of Limit States Design Method for Assessment of Corrosion and Crack Features." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9517.

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Abstract A reliability-based limit states design (LSD) method for assessment of corrosion and crack features has been developed for onshore transmission pipelines as part of a joint industry project. The rule-based LSD approach is a simplified form of the reliability-based approach that reduces the latter to a set of deterministic checks. The LSD corrosion assessment method and a comparison of its performance against one operator’s reliability approach were published in previous IPC papers [1,3]. This paper compares the LSD corrosion and crack assessment methods to another simplified reliability-based approach, namely the Pipeline Integrity Reliability Analysis (PIRA) Level I, that was published in a previous IPC paper [2]. The PIRA model is staged into three levels, where Level I analysis is a simplified form of the reliability-based approach where the probability of failures of predefined features’ sizes are precalculated using conservative assumptions for a fast turnaround screening analysis of the entire pipeline system in order to identify areas requiring more in-depth full probabilistic Level II or III analyses. This paper describes the application of both LSD and Level I methods on two low vapour pressure (LVP) liquid pipelines and provides a comparison of the results. The comparative analysis was based on the number of features not meeting reliability targets in both methods and, thus, are eligible for repair according to each method. Out of the two pipelines considered, one has corrosion and the other has cracks as the dominant threat. The results show that there are noticeable differences between the outputs of the two methods. The root cause of these differences was investigated by conducting a sensitivity analysis on the input parameters, including: reliability target, wall thickness distribution, feature depth and length distributions, pipeline sectioning procedure and the usage of model error (which is used in the LSD method but not in the PIRA Level I method). For cracks, differences between the Modified Ln-Secant model used in the LSD method and the CorLAS model used in PIRA Level I were also considered. It was observed that the discrepancies in the required repairs resulting from the two methods can be mostly attributed to the feature depth distribution, wall thickness distribution and the reliability target. For cracks, the burst pressure model selection also had a significant impact on the results.
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Zimmerman, T. J. E., Q. Chen, and M. D. Pandey. "Target Reliability Levels for Pipeline Limit States Design." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1814.

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The limit states design appendix currently being developed for inclusion in the Canadian Standards Association pipeline design code, Z662, Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems contains preliminary partial safety factors that were selected on the basis that they result in designs similar to those produced using the existing working stress design standards. This paper suggests an approach for selecting partial factors for limit states design of pipelines based on formal reliability analysis. Such an approach recognizes that consistent safety levels can be achieved for different pipeline sections by varying the target reliability as a function of the severity of failure consequences, where consequences are measured in terms of public safety, economic costs, and damage to the environment. Where the consequences of failure are more severe, higher reliability is required. Where the consequences are less severe, lower reliability can be tolerated, with the same risk level being achieved. This paper reviews the limit states design method and discusses the selection of target reliability levels and the reliability analysis procedures used to calibrate partial design factors.
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Xu, Jianfeng, Srinivas Vishnubhotla, Olav Aamlid, and Leif Collberg. "Reeling Analysis and Limit State Criteria." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54971.

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Reeling has been an attractive offshore installation method for rigid flowlines and steel catenary risers due to its fast speed, cost effectiveness and reliability. Over years of evolution, it has become a proven technology, and the understanding to the engineering fundamentals is greatly improved as well. Due to the reeling process, the pipeline is plastically deformed; residual stresses, pipe ovality, and pipe out of straightness are increased. The strength, fatigue, and fracture performance of the pipe and the girth weld have to be closely evaluated to insure the pipeline integrity during and after the installation. As part of the installation design, different types of analyses are generally carried out to demonstrate the reelability, and the pipeline responses against all limit states. However, the methods adopted by different contractors can vary greatly. In this paper, the engineering fundamentals of reeling process are reviewed. A few typical reeling analyses, both analytical and finite element based, are demonstrated with examples. The local buckling limit state criteria based on DNV-OS-F101 for different stages of reeling are also illustrated.
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Freimuth, Justin M., and Ming Ma. "Oil Tanker Cargo Hold Structural Optimization Using Ultimate Limit States." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2014-t40.

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This paper presents a method to optimize an oil tanker cargo hold’s structural scantlings based on stiffened panel ultimate limit states. Two different tanker models and their results are presented demonstrating this optimization procedure using models of varying mesh densities. The full ship finite element models are loaded with multiple load cases, design bending moments, external hydrostatic pressure, and internal tank pressure. The working stresses of a stiffened panel, which are used for the panel’s ultimate limit states assessment, are obtained by 3D finite element analysis. Each stiffened panel is then optimized using multi-objective genetic algorithms for its weight and safety. The optimization process is performed on two different versions of the same vessel: one with all stiffeners defined explicitly and one with internal stiffeners (allowing the stiffener layout to be changed during the optimization). The numerical results show that the proposed method is very useful to perform ultimate strength based ship structural optimization with multiple objectives, namely minimizing the structural weight and maximizing structural safety.
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Agarwal, P., and L. Manuel. "Simulation of Offshore Wind Turbine Response for Extreme Limit States." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29326.

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When interest is in estimating long-term design loads for an offshore wind turbine using simulation, statistical extrapolation is the method of choice. While the method itself is rather well-established, simulation effort can be intractable if uncertainty in predicted extreme loads and efficiency in the selected extrapolation procedure are not specifically addressed. Our aim in this study is to address these questions in predicting blade and tower extreme loads based on stochastic response simulations of a 5 MW offshore turbine. We illustrate the use of the peak-over-threshold method to predict long-term extreme loads. To derive these long-term loads, we employ an efficient inverse reliability approach which is shown to predict reasonably accurate long-term loads when compared to the more expensive direct integration of conditional load distributions for different environmental (wind and wave) conditions. Fundamental to the inverse reliability approach is the issue of whether turbine response variability conditional on environmental conditions is modeled in detail or whether only gross conditional statistics of this conditional response are included. We derive design loads for both these cases, and demonstrate that careful inclusion of response variability not only greatly influences long-term design load predictions but it also identifies different design environmental conditions that bring about these long-term loads compared to when response variability is only approximately modeled. As we shall see, for this turbine, a major source of response variability for both the blade and tower arises from blade pitch control actions due to which a large number of simulations is required to obtain stable distribution tails for the turbine loads studied.
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Naess, Arvid, Bernt J. Leira, and Olexandr Batsevych. "Efficient Reliability Analysis of Structural Systems With a High Number of Limit States." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-21179.

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In principle, the reliability of complicated structural systems can be accurately predicted by standard Monte Carlo simulation methods, but the computational burden may be prohibitive. A new Monte Carlo based method for estimating system reliability that aims at reducing the computational cost is therefore proposed. It exploits the regularity of tail probabilities to set up an approximation procedure for the prediction of the far tail failure probabilities based on the estimates of the failure probabilities obtained by Monte Carlo simulation at more moderate levels. In the paper the usefulness and accuracy of the estimation method is illustrated by application to some particular examples of structures with several thousand potentially critical limit state functions. The effect of varying the correlation of the load components is also investigated.
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Hassanien, Sherif S. Abdelatif, and Samer Adeeb. "Probabilistic-Based Assessment of Corroded Pipelines: A Comparison Between Closed Form and Surrogate Limit States." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10247.

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Protecting steel pipeline systems from failure due to corrosions defects is a crucial issue in pipeline industry. Reliability models that use the rate of corrosion growth combined with closed form solutions for the failure pressure are often used to estimate the time periods before excavation and repair. A methodology is presented for the assessment of predicted failure pressure based on finite element analysis (FEA) and reliability analysis. Deterministic failure equations are transformed to probabilistic limit state models. The failure mode is considered to be controlled by the stresses due to internal pressure and the presence of corrosion. A response surface method (RSM) is utilized to build a surrogate model of the limit state function. A comparison between closed-form and the surrogate model approach is discussed. A stochastic model is assumed to match the uncertainty inherent in both loads and strength. Simulation-based approaches and asymptotic methods for probability of failure evaluation are used, namely, Monte Carlo simulation, importance sampling, First Order Reliability Method (FORM) and Second Order Reliability Method (SORM). An adaptive building of the numerical experimental design for the surrogate limit state is proposed. A new artificial neural network (ANN) is developed in order to reduce the computational cost of experimental design scheme’s evaluation. The outcomes obtained from such an approach are useful as a decision-making tool for the maintenance, repair or optimization of pipelines systems.
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Tho¨ns, Sebastian, Michael H. Faber, and Werner Ru¨cker. "Support Structure Reliability of Offshore Wind Turbines Utilizing an Adaptive Response Surface Method." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20546.

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This paper focuses on a reliability analysis of an offshore wind turbine support structure which is part of an assessment and monitoring framework for wind turbines in operation. The reliability analysis builds upon structural, loading, limit state and uncertainty models comprising design, production and erection data. This model basis facilitates the reliability analysis of the ultimate, the fatigue and the serviceability limit states utilizing stochastic finite elements. The complexity of the individual models dictates an efficient solution scheme for the reliability analysis. Such an algorithm is developed in the present paper consisting of an adaptive response surface algorithm and an importance sampling Monte-Carlo algorithm. The response surface algorithm is based on predetermined experimental designs and facilitates the adjustment of design parameters for an optimized prediction variance in the design point region. Approaches for the consideration of multiple design points and the augmentation of the design for reduction of the prediction variance are introduced. In this paper, a reliability analysis for a tripod support structure of a Multibrid M5000 wind turbine is performed. A comparison with the target reliabilities specified in DIN EN 1990 (2002) shows that the requirements are fully met. However, the consideration of system reliability leads to the conclusion that at the end of the service life there is a significant probability of fatigue damages. The quantification of the reliability for the individual structural components for all limit states facilitates an identification of sensitive components. The results of this study can support the targeted application of monitoring systems, the optimization of the support structures and additionally highlight the need for criteria to the systems reliability.
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Wu, Y. T., A. P. Ku, and C. M. Serratella. "A Robust and Efficient Computational Method for Fatigue Reliability Update Using Inspected Data." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80034.

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This paper presents a new methodology for reliability-based inspection planning focusing on robust and accurate computational strategies for fatigue-reliability updating using inspection results. The core of the proposed strategy is a conditioned sampling-based method, implemented by a Fast Probability Analyzer (FPA) software where efficiency is achieved by using the importance sampling principal. For a single component or limit state, FPA first generates Markov-Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples in the failure domain, then applies an adaptive stratified importance sampling (ASIS) method to compute probability of failure (PoF) with error control. Once the MCMC samples have been created, solving a reliability updating problem is fairly straightforward and computationally robust relative to the conventional system reliability methods that rely on linearization of the limit states. The new approach is demonstrated using examples including stiffened panels of a ship-shaped vessel where reliability is updated using inspection results from 100 panel connections.
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Reports on the topic "Limit states method"

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Strom, Ralph W., and Robert M. Ebeling. Simple Methods Used to Estimate the Limit-State Axial Load Capability of Spillway Invert Slabs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427082.

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Christine, Lozano, and Riveros Guillermo. Classical and innovative methods of fatigue and fracture repairs in navigation steel structures. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40422.

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Most of the hydraulic steel structures (HSS) in the U.S. have reached or have past their design life, which leads to unsatisfactory performance. Welded connections with low fatigue resistance, poor weld quality, unanticipated structural behavior, or unexpected loading due to the deterioration of the design boundary conditions are the causes of fatigue cracking. The purpose of this report is to identify and evaluate the traditional and new methods used for fatigue and fracture repairs in navigation steel structures to restore their load carrying capacity and fatigue and fracture resistance. The final objective was to generate a guidance report comprising of recommended and more efficient repair methods for the different fatigue limit states observed in navigation steel structures.
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Tarko, Andrew P., Thomas Hall, Cristhian Lizarazo, and Fernando España-Monedero. Speed Management in Small Cities and Towns—Guidelines for Indiana. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317122.

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Many small cities and towns in rural states such as Indiana are crossed by arterial highways. The local traffic on these roads, particularly vulnerable road users, face the excessive risk of injury and death. This danger is amplified with local land development, driveways, and on-street parking in town centers. This report presents an Indiana study of the speeding problem on arterial roads passing through small communities. Past research on various countermeasures suitable for the studied conditions were identified and the connection between speed reduction and safety improvements was investigated in a sample of Indiana small towns. Promising speed-reduction measures include speed feedback signs and converging chevrons with speed limit legends marked on the pavement. Point-to-point enforcement is a modern and highly effective alternative that may be applicable on highways passing small towns if the through traffic prevails with limited interruptions. This report provides a method of evaluating the benefits of speed reduction in the studied conditions where the risk of severe injury and fatality is excessive to road users while the frequency of crashes is low. The method includes the proactive estimation of the economic benefit. The results indicate that both the local and through traffic on highways passing a small town benefit considerably from speed reduction even after accounting for the loss of time. An Excel spreadsheet developed in the study facilitates the calculations.
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