Academic literature on the topic 'Lignocellulose pretreatments'

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Journal articles on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Naini, Al-Arofatus, Nurwahdah Nurwahdah, Ratri Yuli Lestari, and Sunardi Sunardi, Ph.D. "Praperlakuan secara Hidrotermal Limbah Lignoselulosa untuk Produksi Bioetanol Generasi Kedua (Pretreatment of Lignocellulose Wastes Using Hydrothermal Method for Producing Second Generation Bioethanol)." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 10, no. 2 (2018): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v10i2.4078.

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The second generation of bioethanol derived from various cellulosic biomass materials is one of the latest renewable energy as the alternative of fossil fuel. The cellulosic waste based wood and non-wood materials are the most abundant natural resource on the earth, renewable, and inexpensive. Currently, second generation bioethanol development is still not optimally done due to various obstacles, especially the pretreatment process to eliminate lignin, influencing the conversion process of cellulose into reducing sugar. Hydrothermal method is one of lignocellulose pretreatments, which is wide
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Zahoor, Wen Wang, Xuesong Tan, et al. "Comparison of Low-Temperature Alkali/Urea Pretreatments for Ethanol Production from Wheat Straw." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 15, no. 3 (2021): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2021.2062.

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NaOH/urea (NU) pretreatment at lower than 0 °C has been frequently applied for improving bio-conversion of lignocellulose, but the wastewater generated from the pretreatment process is hard to dispose. KOH/urea (KU) pretreatment for enhancing bioconversion of lignocellulose has recently attracted researchers’ attention due to the recycling of wastewater for facilitating crops’ growth. This study compared the effects of NU and KU pretreatments at cold conditions on the enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol yield from wheat straw (WS). By using response surface methodology an optimal pretreatment
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Li, Ao, Qiaomei Yang, Yu Li, et al. "Mild physical and chemical pretreatments to enhance biomass enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol production from Erianthus arundinaceus." BioResources 14, no. 1 (2018): 650–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.650-668.

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Diverse cell wall compositions were subjected to pretreatment and saccharification to produce bioethanol from 20 Erianthus arundinaceus accessions. Using four typical pairs of biomass samples, various physical and chemical pretreatments were employed to extract cell wall polymers. Mild chemical pretreatment (2% NaOH and 50 °C) yielded complete biomass saccharification, whereas the liquid hot water pretreatment achieved the highest bioethanol yield with a full sugar-ethanol conversion rate. Notably, the extraction of the lignin p-coumaryl alcohol (H) monomer greatly enhanced biomass saccharific
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Kovačić, Đurđica, Dorijan Radočaj, Danijela Samac, and Mladen Jurišić. "Influence of Thermal Pretreatment on Lignin Destabilization in Harvest Residues: An Ensemble Machine Learning Approach." AgriEngineering 6, no. 1 (2024): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6010011.

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The research on lignocellulose pretreatments is generally performed through experiments that require substantial resources, are often time-consuming and are not always environmentally friendly. Therefore, researchers are developing computational methods which can minimize experimental procedures and save money. In this research, three machine learning methods, including Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), as well as their ensembles were evaluated to predict acid-insoluble detergent lignin (AIDL) content in lignocellulose biomass. Three differen
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Oates, Nicola C., Amira Abood, Alexandra M. Schirmacher, et al. "A multi-omics approach to lignocellulolytic enzyme discovery reveals a new ligninase activity from Parascedosporium putredinis NO1." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 18 (2021): e2008888118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008888118.

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Lignocellulose, the structural component of plant cells, is a major agricultural byproduct and the most abundant terrestrial source of biopolymers on Earth. The complex and insoluble nature of lignocellulose limits its conversion into value-added commodities, and currently, efficient transformation requires expensive pretreatments and high loadings of enzymes. Here, we report on a fungus from the Parascedosporium genus, isolated from a wheat-straw composting community, that secretes a large and diverse array of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) when grown on lignocellulosic substrates. We
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Costa, Stefania, Irene Rugiero, Christian Larenas Uria, Paola Pedrini, and Elena Tamburini. "Lignin Degradation Efficiency of Chemical Pre-Treatments on Banana Rachis Destined to Bioethanol Production." Biomolecules 8, no. 4 (2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040141.

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Valuable biomass conversion processes are highly dependent on the use of effective pretreatments for lignocellulose degradation and enzymes for saccharification. Among the nowadays available treatments, chemical delignification represents a promising alternative to physical-mechanical treatments. Banana is one of the most important fruit crops around the world. After harvesting, it generates large amounts of rachis, a lignocellulosic residue, that could be used for second generation ethanol production, via saccharification and fermentation. In the present study, eight chemical pretreatments fo
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Huang, Caoxing, Ruolin Li, Wei Tang, Yayue Zheng, and Xianzhi Meng. "Improve Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Modifying Lignin Structure via Sulfite Pretreatment and Using Lignin Blockers." Fermentation 8, no. 10 (2022): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8100558.

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Even traditional pretreatments can partially remove or degrade lignin and hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomass for enhancing its enzymatic digestibility, the remaining lignin in pretreated biomass still restricts its enzymatic hydrolysis by limiting cellulose accessibility and lignin-enzyme nonproductive interaction. Therefore, many pretreatments that can modify lignin structure in a unique way and approaches to block the lignin’s adverse impact have been proposed to directly improve the enzymatic digestibility of pretreated biomass. In this review, recent development in sulfite pretreat
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Pérez-Merchán, Antonio Manuel, Gabriela Rodríguez-Carballo, Benjamín Torres-Olea, et al. "Recent Advances in Mechanochemical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 5948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165948.

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Biorefineries are industrial facilities where biomass is converted into chemicals, fuels and energy. The use of lignocellulose as raw material implies the development of pretreatments to reduce its recalcitrant character prior to the processes that lead to the synthesis of the products of interest. These treatments are based on physico-chemical processes where it is necessary to use acids, bases, oxidants, and high pressure and temperature conditions that lead to the depolymerization of lignocellulose at the expense of generating a series of streams that must be treated later or to the product
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Yang, Haiyan, Yuanchen Zhu, Yan Jin, Fuhou Lei, Zhengjun Shi, and Jing Yang. "Pseudo-lignin retarded bioconversion of sugarcane bagasse holocellulose after liquid hot water and acid pretreatments." BioResources 16, no. 2 (2021): 4052–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.4052-4063.

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Pseudo-lignin derived from the condensation of carbohydrate degradation products can retard the bioconversion of lignocellulose. In this work, liquid hot water (150 to 190 °C) and 1% H2SO4 pretreatments (130 to 190 °C) were used on sugarcane bagasse holocellulose for 3 h to generate pseudo-lignin. The effects of pseudo-lignin generation on structural characteristics and bioconversion of substrates were evaluated. The results showed that the formation of pseudo-lignin increased the hydrophobicity of the substrates. After LHW pretreatments and acid pretreatments at low temperatures (<150 °C),
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Mahmood, Hamayoun, Saqib Mehmood, Ahmad Shakeel, et al. "Glycerol Assisted Pretreatment of Lignocellulose Wheat Straw Materials as a Promising Approach for Fabrication of Sustainable Fibrous Filler for Biocomposites." Polymers 13, no. 3 (2021): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030388.

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Glycerol pretreatment is a promising method for the environmentally-friendly transformation of lignocellulosic materials into sustainable cellulose-rich raw materials (i.e., biopolymer) to fabricate biocomposites. Here, a comparison of aqueous acidified glycerol (AAG) pretreatment of wheat straw (WS) with alkaline, hot water, and dilute acid pretreatments on the thermal and mechanical characteristics of their fabricated composite board is presented. A comparison of total energy expenditure during WS pretreatment with AAG and other solutions was estimated and a comparative influence of AAG proc
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Munns, Craig Christopher Robert. "Development of physio-chemical pretreatments and mixed microbial cultures for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to useful products." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28768.

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There is increasing interest in producing biofuels; biofuels are preferable to fossil fuels as the biomass from which they are derived is seen as a renewable source, as opposed to fossil fuels which are a finite resource. “First Generation” biofuels are derived from food crops such as grains and sugar cane. The use of food crops is not sustainable in this age of increasing food insecurity. A promising alternative appears to be what is termed “Second Generation” feedstocks, such as energy crops like Miscanthus spp., and agricultural by-products. The problem with the use of second generation fee
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Badalato, Nelly. "Structure de déchets lignocellulosiques : effets sur la colonisation, les communautés microbienne et les performances de méthanisation, caractérisés par des approches fonctionnelles et haut-débit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGPT0002.

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La méthanisation des composés lignocellulosiques présente un fort intérêt en raison de leur haut potentiel énergétique et de leur abondance, notamment dans les ordures ménagères résiduelles. Toutefois, leur complexité de structure et de composition rend ces matériaux difficilement dégradables en conditions anaérobies et l’utilisation de prétraitements est généralement requise afin d’améliorer leurs rendements de biodégradation. Outre l’effet de ces prétraitements sur la biodégradation de ces composés, la colonisation des lignocelluloses par les micro-organismes cellulolytiques est une étape cl
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Monlau, Florian. "Application of pretreatments to enhance biohydrogen and/or biomethane from lignocellulosic residues : linking performances to compositional and structural features." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20178/document.

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Dans le futur, différentes sources d'énergies renouvelables comme les énergies de seconde génération produites à partir de déchets lignocellulosiques seront nécessaires pour palier à l'épuisement des énergies fossiles. Parmi ces énergies de seconde génération, le biohydrogène, le méthane et l'hythane produits à partir de procédés fermentaires anaérobies représentent des alternatives prometteuses. Cependant la production de biohydrogène et de méthane à partir de résidus lignocellulosiques est limitée par leurs structures récalcitrantes et une étape de prétraitement en amont des procédés ferment
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Cheng, Wei. "Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1951.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 173 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-142).
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Warsame, Mohamed. "Saccharification of lignocellulose." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25910.

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Den ökande efterfrågan på energi och den förväntade nedgången i råoljeproduktion har lett till ett enormt sökande efter nya energikällor.Cellväggen i växter består till stor del av lignocellulosa som i sin tur innehåller cellulosa och hemicellulosa. Dessa polysackarider är av stor betydelse för sökandet efter förnyelsebar energi.Cellväggen måste förbehandlas innan den kan brytas ner till enkla sockerarter. Efter nedbrytning kan monosackariderna användas till produktion av etanol eller biogas genom väl etablerade fermenteringstekniker. Syftet med denna studie var att jämföra och utvärdera någr
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Brandt, Agnieszka. "Ionic liquid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9166.

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This thesis is concerned with the thermal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids for the purpose of comminution via dissolution, for fractionating the biological composite and for obtaining aqueous solutions of carbohydrate monomers from the pulp via enzymatic hydrolysis. A major focus was the relationship between the choice of the anion and the effectiveness of the treatment. The synthesis of a range of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with strongly hydrogen-bond basic anions was accomplished. Selected, process-relevant physicochemical properties were measured, such
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Corredor, Deisy Y. "Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/693.

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Kvillborn, Carin. "Enzymatic Pretreatment of Lignocellulose Rich Waste for Improved Biogas Production." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104974.

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The present study aimed to investigate the methane yield from anaerobic digestion of a lignocellulosic substrate subjected to different pretreatments. The lignocellulosic forest residues materials were milled and then pretreated with the organic solvent NMMO (N-Methylmorpholine N-oxide) and/or the lignolytic enzymes laccase and versatile peroxidase at a dosage of 60 U g-1 total solids (TS) substrate. The amount of methane produced was studied in a biomethane potential assay with inocula from a thermophilic biogas reactor treating municipal waste. All samples were run in triplicates. Due to the
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Narayana, Swamy Naveen. "Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Pretreatment of Various Lignocellulosic Biomasses." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1269524607.

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Moxley, Geoffrey W. "Studies of Cellulosic Ethanol Production from Lignocellulose." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43372.

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At present, the worldâ s transportation sector is being principally supplied by fossil fuels. However, energy consumption in this sector is drastically increasing and there are concerns with supply, cost, and environmental issues with the continuing use of fossil fuels. Utilizing non-petroleum ethanol in the transportation sector reduces the dependence on oil, and allows for cleaner burning of gasoline. <p> Lignocellulose materials are structurally composed of five types of polymeric sugars, glucan, galactan, mannan, arabinan, and xylan. NREL has developed a quantitative saccharification
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Books on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Bajpai, Pratima. Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0687-6.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4013-1.

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Humbird, David. Process design and economics for biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol: Dilute-acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. Springer London, Limited, 2016.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. Springer, 2016.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Shafiei, Marzieh, Rajeev Kumar, and Keikhosro Karimi. "Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass." In Lignocellulose-Based Bioproducts. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14033-9_3.

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Takara, Devin, Prachand Shrestha, and Samir Kumar Khanal. "Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment." In Bioenergy and Biofuel from Biowastes and Biomass. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784410899.ch09.

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Chen, Hongzhang. "Pretreatment and Primary Refining of Lignocelluloses." In Biotechnology of Lignocellulose. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6898-7_4.

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Roy, Shyamal. "Physicochemical Pretreatments." In Pre-Treatment Methods of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003203414-3.

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Roy, Shyamal. "Physical Pretreatments." In Pre-Treatment Methods of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003203414-2.

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Roy, Shyamal. "Chemical Pretreatments." In Pre-Treatment Methods of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003203414-4.

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Kim, Tae Hyun. "Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass." In Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118642047.ch6.

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Bajpai, Pratima. "Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass." In SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0687-6_4.

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McMillan, James D. "Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0566.ch015.

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Moreno, Antonio D., and Lisbeth Olsson. "Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks." In Extremophilic Enzymatic Processing of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Bioenergy. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54684-1_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Kang, Donggeun, Donghyeon Kim, Dongin Jung, Siuk Roh, and Jiyong Kim. "Sustainable production of L-lactic acid from lignocellulosic biomass using an alternative buffer system: Process development and techno-economic and environmental analysis." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.174326.

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L-lactic acid (L-LA), a key monomer in biodegradable plastics, is a sustainable alternative that can be derived from LCB. The L-LA production process typically involves various technologies such as fermentation, filtration, and distillation. In the L-LA production process, large amounts of buffers are used to maintain proper pH during fermentation, so conventional buffers (e.g., CaCO3) are often selected because of their low cost. However, these buffers cannot be recycled efficiently, and the potential for alternative buffers remains uncertain. In this work, we aim to develop and evaluate nove
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BICHOT, Aurélie, Jean Philippe DELGENES, Marilena RADOIU, and Diana GARCIA BERNET. "MICROWAVE PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS TO RELEASE MAXIMUM PHENOLIC ACIDS." In Ampere 2019. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9629.

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The objectives fixed by world’s governments concerning energy transition have aroused interest on lignocellulosic biomass utilization for bioenergy and green chemistry applications. However, due to their resistant structure, deconstructive pretreatments are necessary to render possible biological conversions of these lignocellulosic residues. Microwave (MW) treatment has been reported as efficient in many biotechnology fields; biomass pretreatment for biorefinery purposes is another possible application. This work presents the effects of MW pretreatment on underexploited natural agri-food biom
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Dinca, Mirela-Nicoleta, Mariana Ferdes, Gigel Paraschiv, and Bianca-Stefania Zabava. "Enzymatic pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for biogas production - review." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf181.

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Currently, due to global concerns regarding energy security and its environmental consequences, biomass has been promoted as an important resource for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through its conversion into biofuels. The main limitation in the use of lignocellulosic substrate for biofuel production is its resistant structure. Pretreatment is a necessary step to overcome the lignocellulosic biomass rigid structure and to improve its biodegradability for energetic conversion (biomethane, biohydrogen, bioethanol, etc.). Lately, a number of pretreatment methods have been studied and applied,
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Nikolić, Valentina, Slađana Žilić, Danka Milovanović, Beka Sarić, and Marko Vasić. "NOVEL TRENDS IN APPLICATION AND PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC AGRICULTURAL WASTE." In 1st International Symposium on Biotechnology. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt28.271n.

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Lignocellulosic biomass represents the most abundant renewable material in the world, whereas agricultural residues, including those from maize cultivation, comprise a significant fraction of the total plant waste that can be repurposed for various applications. Lignocellulosic feedstocks are non-edible and consist mainly of: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, along with extractive compounds. Pretreatment is required to separate the lignocellulosic biomass into its constituents for efficient utilization. Even after extensive research and development of numerous techniques, pretreatment rema
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Weitao Zhang, Minliang Yang, and Kurt A. Rosentrater. "Pretreatment Methods for Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol." In 2013 Kansas City, Missouri, July 21 - July 24, 2013. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20131594712.

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Toma, Magdalena-Laura, Gheorghe Voicu, Mariana Ferdes, and Mirela-Nicoleta Dinca. "Preliminary research in microorganism pretreatment of biomass for lignocellulose degradation." In 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2018.17.n422.

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Danilova, Kateryna, and Sergii Oliynichuk. "Strategie of pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production as biofuel." In VI International Conference on European Dimensions of Sustainablе Development. National University of Food Technologies, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24263/edsd-2024-6-31.

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Bioethanol is recognized as a valuable substitute for renewable energy sources to meet the fuel and energy demand, considered an environmentally friendly resource obtained from agricultural residues such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, corn and rice straw. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is the point of attention in replacing the dependence on fossil fuels. The recalcitrant structure of the lignocellulosic biomass is disrupted using effective pretreatment techniques that separate complex interlinked structures among cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Recently, the thermophysical method or
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Chatteriee, Sayan, Abhirup Ghosh, Talha Khan, Soumyadip Roy, Anustup Chatterjee, and Mainak Biswas. "Modeling of Pretreatment Process of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Dilute Acid Hydrolysis." In 2019 3rd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-Technology (IEMENTech). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iementech48150.2019.8981124.

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Guo, Wanqian, Ze He, and Jing Li. "The Development Of Hydrogen Production From Lignocellulosic Biomass: Pretreatment And Process." In 2016 International Conference on Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Science. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aeecs-16.2016.49.

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Mutrakulcharoen, Parita, Malinee Sriariyanun, Wasinee Pongprayoon, Theerawut Phusantisampan, and Supacharee Roddecha. "Recycling of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment." In the 8th International Conference. ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3323716.3323723.

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Reports on the topic "Lignocellulose pretreatments"

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Teeradakorn, Siriluk. Pretreatment and hydrolysis conditioning process of cellulosic material for bioethanol production. Chulalongkorn University, 2012. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2012.81.

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Sweet sorghum straw is lignocellulosic material that is promoted as an alternative feedstock for ethanol production because it is available and inexpensive. Due to its composition of cellulose and hemicelluloses, that could be hydrolyzed into fermentable sugars. The composition of sweet sorghum straw used in this study consists of 44.51% cellulose, 38.12% hemicelluloses and 6.18% lignin. Conversion of this potential feedstock requires a pretreatment step to alter the microscopic size and structure of the lignocelluloses. This research was studied in order to find the optimum conditions on hydr
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Zhu, Junyong, Chao Zhang, Roland Gleisner, Carl Houtman, and Xuejun Pan. Bioconversion of woody biomass to biofuel and lignin co-product using sulfite pretreatment to overcome the recalcitrance of lignocelluloses (SPORL). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-gtr-240.

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Humbird, D., R. Davis, L. Tao, et al. Process Design and Economics for Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol: Dilute-Acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Corn Stover. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013269.

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