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Correia, Gonçalo Daniel. "Indoor wireless architecture for smart lighting." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18715.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesEsta dissertação propõe um sistema de iluminação para espaços interiores com o objetivo de ultrapassar as limitações dos sistemas atuais e melhorar a eficiência energética. Este trabalho enquadra-se no projeto Smartlighting que tem o objetivo de desenvolver um sistema de gestão integrada para o edifício do IT2. Na sua fase inicial, o sistema foca-se principalmente no controlo da iluminação através do uso de sensores e tecnologias da Internet das Coisas. Numa primeira fase, é feita uma análise do problema e das tecnologias envolvidas. Depois os requisitos para o sistema são identificados através da exploração de vários cenários de utilização. Daqui é desenvolvida uma solução conceptual que resulta do trabalho colaborativo do projeto Smartlighting. A solução apresentada é baseada Bluetooth Low Energy e gerida através de técnicas deem Pcroocmeusnsiacmaçeãnot o pdoer Eventos Complexos, constituindo assim uma topologia distinta das usadas atualmente em sistemas iluminação para espaços interiores. A solução é depois analisada numa perspetiva de iluminação através de uma simulação de DIALux que visa validar a implementação no âmbito da norma europeia 12464, referente a sistemas de iluminação para espaços interiores. Desta simulação também resulta uma projeção da eficiência enérgica do edifício em termos de iluminação, considerando as funcionalidades que o sistema idealizado implementará. A solução é concretizada num protótipo que é avaliado de forma a validar a solução numa perspetiva de automação.
building energy consumption problematic and the constrains present in current indoor lighting systems. The work presented results from the Smartlighting project that aims to develop an integrated building management system for the IT2 building. In its initial stage, this system focuses primarily in indoor lighting control, using sensors and IoT technologies. First, the problem and the technologies involved are presented and reviewed. Then the project requirements are identified by exploring a set of use case scenarios. From this, a concept solution is presented that results from the Smartlighting project collaborative work. The proposed solution takes advantage of Bluetooth Low Energy and Complex Event Processing technologies to deliver a topology distinct from the indoor lighting system status quo. The solution is then analysed in terms of a lighting application, via a DIALux simulation that aims to validate the implementation in the European Norm 12464 scope, referring to indoor lighting systems. From this simulation, it was also conducted an energy efficiency study referring to the building lighting, that took in consideration the functionalities implemented by the system. The solution is then materialized into a prototype to be evaluated in an automation perspective.
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Nikolic, Bojana. "Light art in Contemporary Architectural Lighting Design." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208660.
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This research focuses on understanding the relationship betweenlight art and architectural lighting design and determining towhat extent can aspects of light art be used when designingfunctional lighting for architecture.The first part of this paper looks into the historical applicationof light as a material. Light has been an important element inart even prior to the introduction of artificial light sources, butthe exploration of light as an independent material throughinstallation art only developed in the last century. Similarly inarchitecture, the impact of light on creating and shaping spaceshas been recognized since ancient times, yet it was much longerbefore the development of lighting design as an autonomousdiscipline.In recent years there is an increased need for creative expressionfrom lighting designers who are pushing the boundaries ofcommunication through light. In order to understand the extentto which successful innovative lighting schemes can drawinspiration from artwork, this research further analyses keyvisual and emotional properties of light art, as well as potentialconstraints of functional spaces. Distinction of roles of the artistand designer as well as the conditions in which they work withthe medium of light pose a challenge in relating these twodisciplines.Findings from first two parts of this research are further used toanalyse an example of an architectural lighting project, to drawconclusions about light art’s applicability to functional lighting.
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Aldrich, Matthew (Matthew Henry). "Experiential lighting : development and validation of perception-based lighting controls." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95866.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-125).
Lighting, and its emergence as a digital and networked medium, represents an ideal platform for conducting research on both sensor and human-derived methods of control. Notably, solid-state lighting makes possible the control of the intensity, spatial, and color attributes of lighting in real-time. This technology provides an excellent opportunity to conduct new experiments designed to study how we perceive, judge, and subsequently control illumination. For example, given the near-infinite variation of possible lighting attributes, how might one design an intuitive control system? Moreover, how can one reconcile the objective nature of sensor-based controls with the subjective impressions of humans? How might this approach guide the design of lighting controls and ultimately guide the design of lighting itself? These questions are asked with the benefit of hindsight. Simple control schemes using sliders, knobs, dials, and motion sensors currently in use fail to anticipate human understanding of the controls and the possible effects that changes in illumination will have upon us. In this work, the problem of how humans interact with this new lighting medium is cast as a human-computer interaction. I describe the design and validation of a natural interface for lighting by abstracting the manifold lighting parameters into a simpler set of controls. Conceptually, this "simpler set" is predicated on the theory that we are capable of discerning the similarities and differences between lighting arrangements (scenes). I hypothesize that this natural ordering (a metric space in a latent multidimensional basis) can be quantitatively extracted and analyzed. First, in a series of controlled experiments, I show how one can derive this mapping and I demonstrate, using empirical evidence, how future sensor networks will eventually emulate our subjective impressions of lighting. Second, using data obtained in a user-study, I quantitatively derive performance estimates of my proposed lighting user interface, and statistically contrast these performance results with those obtained using a traditional interface comprised of sliders and buttons. I demonstrate that my approach enables the user to attain their illumination goals while substantially reducing task-time and fatigue.
by Matthew Henry Aldrich.
Ph. D.
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de, St Aubin William Joseph. "Natural lighting as a design issue in architecture." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22345.
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Whitted, Roger K. "Introductory handbook for College of Architecture lighting system." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/426080.
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The purpose of this handbook is twofold. First, it is to be used as a guide for maintenance personnel when they have to deal with the lighting system. Whi 1 e the 1 i ghti ng 1 oads are typical of those in any large building, the control functions and equipment operation require some specific information for proper performance. Second, it can be used by the person in charge of scheduling to gain a greater understanding of how the system works. Although a detailed understanding isn't necessary, it is helpful to know what is out there and why it does what it is supposed to do.The reason for the development of this handbook is that with all of the literature produced by the manufacturer there was no single source, or starting point, that explained the whole package. There is a great deal of information in each of the various publications and with this handbook one should easily be able to utilize it. In order to use this book most effectively one should have the manufacturer's documents on hand for reference as they are referred to frequently. In addition the flow charts enhance one's ability "to know where you are” when using the terminal for data entry.Department of Architecture
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Senbabaoglu, Bilge. "Understanding lighting in architecture of Louis I. Kahn /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422963.
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Markkanen, P. (Piia). "Intelligent and adaptive lighting in retail environment." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201305241335.
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The aim of this diploma thesis work was to create new applications for intelligent and adaptive lighting in retail environment. Lighting is an important factor in generating atmosphere in retail space and it has been shown to affect customer behavior. Combining intelligent technology with lighting design enables new applications for creating an environment that senses the presence of the user. It can be employed to adapt the lighting to inform and guide the customer by creating visual focal points. Alternatively, the level of illumination can be adapted to the different requirements of the use, e.g. the presence of customers or employees. The methods used in this study were scenario working and implementation. Four major themes were defined to approach the subject: 1. Navigation and guidance, 2. Product display and browsing, 3. Pleasure and entertainment, and 4. Natural light and simulated natural light. The themes were studied in a form of short stories written from point of view of both customer or designer, and the chosen applications were further studied and implemented in a hypermarket environment. The implementations were presented as two case studies: Aisles and shelves and Landmarks and dynamic display lighting. The first case study describes lighting of the grocery store shelves. The following things were considered in the design: the noticeability of the ends of the shelves that have high value in product placement, the direction of the light, and the adaptability of lighting to the customer’s presence. An approaching customer triggers the sequential brightening of luminaires in between the shelves. The second case study considered focal points in retail environment and dynamic display lighting. In the lighting design, the landmarks, or focal points, are areas of interest that appeal and guide the customer. This is achieved in the design by using higher intensity of light compared to the surrounding environment or more colorful lighting. By displaying products under dynamic lighting, the changes in light intensity attract customer’s attention and increase the noticeability of products illuminated in this fashion. Lighting is a versatile tool that can be easily used to change the appearance and atmosphere of retail environment from one season to another, keeping the store interesting and appealing to the customer. With current technology, these changes can be applied in an intelligent and adaptive manner: lighting can interact with customers and employees, and it can be made easily controllable for designers and visualists. The discovered applications can be applied to several types of retail environments, and depending on the application, also to other types of architectural spaces, for example museums and exhibition spacesDiplomityöni tavoitteena on kehittää uudenlaisia älykkäitä ja mukautuvia valaistusratkaisuita myymälätiloihin. Valaistus on tärkeä myymälätilojen ilmapiirille ja sen on osoitettu vaikuttavan asiakkaan käyttäytymiseen. Kun valaistussuunnittelu soveltaa älykästä teknologiaa, ihmisen läsnäoloa aistivaa ympäristöä voidaan toteuttaa uusilla tavoilla. Vaihtoehtoisesti, valaistuksen tasoa voidaan säätää tilan eri käyttötarkoituksen mukaan, esimerkiksi asiakkaan tai henkilökunnan tarpeisiin. Diplomityöni on tehty käyttäen menetelminä skenaariotyöskentelyä ja suunnittelua. Käsittelin aihetta neljän pääteeman mukaisesti: 1. Liikkuminen ja ohjaaminen, 2. Esillepano ja löytäminen, 3. Viihtyminen ja viihdyttäminen sekä 4. Luonnonvalo ja luonnonvalon simulointi. Kirjoitin teemoista lyhyitä tarinoita asiakkaan ja suunnittelijan näkökulmista. Tutkin valittuja käyttökohteita tarkemmin ja sovelsin suunnitelmia hypermarket-ympäristöön. Esittelen suunnitelmaosuuden kahden esimerkin kautta: Hyllyt ja käytävät sekä Kiintopisteet ja dynaaminen tuotevalaistus. Ensimmäinen esimerkki käsittelee ruokaosaston hyllyjen valaistusta. Suunnittelussa olen kiinnittänyt huomiota hyllyjen päätyyn sijoitettujen tuotteiden näkyvyyteen, valon suuntaukseen ja valaistuksen mukautumiseen asiakkaan läsnäoloon. Lähestyvä asiakas aktivoi hyllyjen väliin sijoitettujen valaisinten vaiheittaisen kirkastumisen. Toisessa esimerkissä käsittelen kiintopisteitä myymälätilassa ja dynaamista tuotteiden valaistusta. Olen käyttänyt kiintopisteiden valaisussa ympäristöä suurempaa valon intensiteettiä tai värillistä valoa houkuttelemaan ja ohjaamaan asiakasta. Tuotteisiin kohdistuvan valon määrän muutokset herättävät asiakkaan mielenkiinnon lisäten valaistujen tuotteiden näkyvyyttä. Valaistus on monipuolinen työkalu, jolla voi helposti muuttaa myymälätilan ilmettä ja tunnelmaa ja siten pitää yllä asiakkaan mielenkiintoa sesongista toiseen. Älykkään nykyteknologian keinoin voidaan toteuttaa mukautuva, asiakkaan ja työntekijän kanssa vuorovaikuttava valaistus, joka on helposti suunnittelijan ja visualistin toteutettavissa ja ohjattavissa. Työssä käsiteltyjä uusia käyttötarkoituksia voi soveltaa myös muihin ympäristöihin, kuten museoihin ja näyttelytiloihin
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Aldrich, Matthew (Matthew Henry). "Dynamic solid state lighting." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58000.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-148).
Energy conservation concerns will mandate near-future environments to regulate themselves to accommodate occupants' objectives and best tend to their comfort while minimizing energy consumption. Accordingly, smart energy management will be a needed and motivating application area of evolving Cyber-Physical Systems, as user state, behavior and context are measured, inferred, and leveraged across a variety of domains, environments, sensors, and actuators to dynamically mitigate energy usage while attaining implicit and explicit user goals. In this work, the focus in on the efficient control of a LED-based lighting network. This thesis presents a first-of-its-kind pentachromatic LED-based lighting network that is capable of adjusting its spectral output in response to ambient conditions and the user's preferences. The control of the intensity is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem and the mathematics governing sensed illuminance, color, and corresponding control (feedback and adjustment) are formally defined. The prototype adjustable light source is capable of maintaining an average color rendering index greater than 92 (nearly the quality of daylight) across a broad adjustable range (2800 K - 10,000 K) and offers two modes of control, one of which is an energy efficient mode that reduces the total power consumption by 20%. The lighting network is capable of measuring the illuminance and color temperature at a surface and adjusting its output with an overall update rate of 11 Hz (limited by the MATLAB kernel). The sensor node features an optical suite of sensors with a dynamic range of 10000 : 1 lx (rms error: 2 lx). The sensor node measures the color temperature of daylight within ±500 K (kelvin). Device testing and validation were performed in a series of experiments in which the radiant power was collected using a radiometrically calibrated spectrometer with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 14% and validated against a model derived by measuring the individual spectra of the system using custom MATLAB tools. A digital multimeter measured the current in the experiments. The work concludes by estimating the energy savings based on the measured optical and electrical data. In environments with moderate ambient lighting, the networked control reduces power consumption by 44% with an additional 5-10% possible with spectral optimization.
by Matthew Aldrich.
S.M.
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Forsberg, Joakim. "Aesthetical Perspectives in Street Lighting : A Study of Future Potentials in LED Lighting." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60258.
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As of today, around 19% of all electricity that is produced around the world goes toward lighting roads and cities. The light is also produced in a wasteful manner, creating disturbances in nature as well as for people. Recent developments in light emitting diodes offers remedy to these problems but the technology needs a proper revision of street lighting’s purposes. Light emitting diodes use a fraction of the energy needed for previous lighting methods. They offer unique implementation opportunities in physical construction as well as being highly controllable which makes them highly adaptable. The thesis looks at how aesthetics can be used to optimally introduce the upcoming worldwide installation of the new technology. Its unique characteristics were looked at and used to create a Korean styled luminaire and an interactive street lighting system in two separate design processes. The results of the developments were firstly, a modular luminaire which combines Korean architectural aesthetics with a cost effective construction. The second result was an interactive urban street lighting system which suggests a dimmable lighting that through an adaptable computer control responds to pedestrians’ presences. This is a master’s thesis (D7014A) is a project in product design at the education of industrial design engineering at Luleå University of Technology and is worth 30 credits. The project spanned 20 weeks during the spring semester of 2016. The project was conducted in collaboration with Pukyong National University’s industrial design department, in Busan, South Korea.Omkring 19% av all elektricitet som produceras idag runtom i världen åtgår till att belysa vägar och städer. Ljuset som produceras även i ett slösaktigt utförande som skapar störningar i natur såväl som för människor. Nya utvecklingar kring ljusdioder kan bringa bot till dessa problem men teknologin kräver en passande revision av gatubelysningars roller i samhället. Dioderna använder nämligen en bråkdel av energin äldre belysningsmetoder kräver och medför en revolution i fysiska implementeringsmöjligheter medans de även låter sig kontrolleras till en hög grad. Dessa egenskaper gör att de har en oöverträffad anpassningsbarhet. Examensarbetet ser till hur estetik kan användas för att optimalt introducera lamporna i den världomfattande installationen dem. Lampornas unika möjligheter undersöktes och användes till att utveckla ett Koreansk-inspirerat gatulyse och ett interaktivt belysningssystem i två separata designprocesser. Resultatet av utvecklingarna var först, en modulbaserad armatur med en kostnadseffektiv konstruktion. Det andra resultatet var ett interaktivt stadsbelynsingssystem som föreslår ett dämpningsbart system vilket genom en adapterbar dator svarar på fotgängares närvaro. Detta examensarbete (D7014A) är ett projekt inom industriell design på utbildningen Teknisk design vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet och innefattar 30 högskolepoäng. Projektet sträckte sig över 20 veckor under vårterminen 2016. Arbetet utfördes i samarbete med Pukyong National Universitys institution för industriell design i Busan, Sydkorea.
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KHODADAD, NAZANIN. "ARTIFICIAL LIGHT + ARCHITECTURE: REINTERPRETATION OF ARCHITECTURE THROUGH PERCEPTION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1085520684.
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Kaikkonen, V. (Venla). "Intelligent lighting in urban context:a conceptual plan for Kalasatama, Helsinki." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201612103232.
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This thesis studies intelligent lighting solutions in urban environment by using human oriented and co-design methods. Intelligent lighting solutions can, besides energy-savings and optimized lighting, improve the life of the residents and make the system more reasonable. In this thesis, the approach to intelligent lighting is the users and their experiences, which often are complex and multi-faceted, but essential to be consider if aiming for better quality of life. This aim could be achieved by supporting the sense of community, activating people to participate and move around in the city and encouraging self-expression. The systems of an intelligent city collect real-time data from their environment and users. An intelligent system can use this data and in this way to benefit the users. The methods used in this diploma thesis are the co-design method, scenario-writing method, conceptual design and implementation. The co-design method was used in the workshop organised in Kalasatama for its residents, to get the input from the potential users of the design in the future. For the workshop, we developed a co-design method, which aims to make lighting scenarios together with the participants, the users. The scenarios presented in this thesis were written based on the results of the workshop and my own ideas. They were grouped into four categories with varying points of view on the subject. City in View considers the solutions connected to the virtual and physical image of the city, the themes of public information and darkness in urban environments. City in Move focuses on the solutions connected with moving around and safety, by presenting intelligently adaptive street lighting systems and a system for emergency situations. City on Hold focuses on the usage of urban spaces and the personalised lighting. This category also presents the theme of activating people in urban spaces through the lighting. City in Mind describes the ways in which to collect and share the information in the city, and to implement them in smart services provided in city. The context of the conceptual plan is Kalasatama, a mixed-use area in Helsinki. The former harbour area is a developing area, which has profiled itself as a smart district and is actively developing new, intelligent solutions. Intelligent lighting is one more aspect on that development which completes the smart city movement. The Implementations are presented with a case study of Verkkosaari, an area in Kalasatama. The themes of the concept are implemented in the city and the realisations are presented. The diploma thesis was created as part of the SenCity project, which is funded by TEKES and participating citiesDiplomityöni tarkastelee älykkään valaistuksen käyttöä kaupunkiympäristössä hyödyntäen ihmisläheisiä ja osallistavia suunnittelumetodeita. Älykkäästi ohjatun valaistuksen avulla kautta voidaan saavuttaa energiansäästöjä optimoimalla valaistus eri olosuhteissa ja tilanteissa. Sen lisäksi älykkään valaistuksen avulla voidaan helpottaa asukkaiden elämää ja luoda miellyttäviä valaistuskokemuksia. Diplomityössäni tarkastelen älykästä valaistusta käyttäjien näkökulmasta ja heidän kokemuksistaan käsin, jotka usein ovat monimutkaisia ja monitahoisia, mutta välttämättömiä ottaa huomioon tavoitellessa parempaa elämänlaatua. Tavoite voidaan saavuttaa tukemalla yhteisöllisyyttä, aktivoimalla ihmisiä osallistumaan ja liikkumaan kaupungissa sekä tukemalla itseilmaisua kaupunkitilassa. Älykkään kaupungin järjestelmät keräävät ympäristöstään ja käyttäjistään ajantasaista tietoa, jota hyödynnetään käyttäjäkokemuksien parantamiseksi. Käyttämäni metodit ovat olleet osallistava suunnittelu, skenaariokirjoittaminen sekä valaistussuunnittelu. Osallistavia metodeita käytettiin Kalasataman asukkaille järjestetyssä työpajassa, jossa kerättiin paikallisten näkemyksiä ympäristöstään. Työpajaa varten kehitimme osallistavan suunnittelun metodin, jonka tarkoitus on luoda valaistusskenaarioita yhdessä osallistujien kanssa. Skenaariokirjoittamisella tarkoitetaan lyhyitä kuvailevia tekstejä, joissa esitellään mahdollinen valaistustilanne. Esitellyt skenaariot on kirjoitettu työpajan tulosten sekä oman alueanalyysini pohjalta. Nämä skenaariot on jaettu neljään ryhmään näkökulmansa mukaan. City in View, näkyvä kaupunki, tutkii sovelluksia, jotka liittyvät virtuaaliseen ja fyysiseen kaupunkikuvaan, julkisesti kaupunkitilassa jaetun tiedon jakamiseen sekä pimeyteen kaupunkiympäristössä. City in Move, kaupunki liikkeessä, keskittyy liikkumiseen ja turvallisuuteen, esitellen älykkäästi olosuhteisiin ja tilanteisiin mukautuvan katuvalaistusjärjestelmän sekä hätäjärjestelmän. City on Hold, kaupunki paikallaan, keskittyy kaupunkitilojen käyttöön sekä valaistuksen yksilöllistämiseen. Kategoriassa esitellään myös keinoja aktivoida ihmisiä kaupunkitiloissa valaistuksen kautta. City in Mind, kaupunki mielessä, kuvaa tapoja, joilla kerättyä tietoa voidaan jakaa, sekä keinoja tuoda tieto asukkaiden käyttöön älykkäiden palveluiden kautta. Konseptisuunnitelma sijoittuu Kalasatamaan Helsinkiin. Entinen satama-alue on kehittymässä asuin- ja työpaikka-alueeksi, joka profiloituu älykkääksi kaupunginosaksi kehittäen uusia, älykkäitä järjestelmiä. Älykäs valaistusjärjestelmä istuu näin luontevasti osaksi kaupunginosan elämää. Tarkemman suunnittelun alueena on Verkkosaari, Kalasataman osa-alue. Konseptisuunnitelman teemoja on esitetty konkreettisessa muodossa tällä alueella. Diplomityö on toteutettu osana SenCity-projektia, jonka on rahoittanut TEKES sekä projektiin osallistuvat kaupungit
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Alsaeid, Mohamad Khaled. "Sustainable lighting in offices "How to save energy in offices with a new lighting design ?" : An energy efficient Lighting design approach in offices." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290570.
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Sustainable efficient lighting has become as one of the most important issues in the office environment In Sweden, energy demand for lighting corresponds to 20% of the total electricity used in office buildings (1), while It has been estimated that lighting accounts for about 20% of the total power generation of the world (2). This thesis investigates how to make lighting in offices more sustainable and focuses on energy efficiency, to save energy through creating guidelines related to light source technologies, lighting control systems and the user preferences. Then those guidelines are applied to an existing office through suggesting a new lighting design. The existing office in this case is the ÅF company 10th office floor located in Stockholm, Sweden. This investigation methodology consists of two main parts literature review and Project (case) study. In the first part, methods used are a combination of literature review related to saving energy through sustainability in lighting and how light source technology, lighting control systems and the effect of user behavior could help to create more energy efficient lighting systems. In the second part, the methods are qualitative such as surveys, quantitative methods and personal observations. The used methods helped to create guidelines for the new suggested lighting design for ÅF 10 th office floor part. The Results shows that the new suggested lighting design saves energy up to 31.96% more than the current lighting situation.
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Huang, Yi Chun. "An Integrated Scalable Lighting Simulation Tool." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2011. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/545.
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Lighting simulation contribute readily to the synthesis of high performance lighting designs. Unfortunately there exist several issues impeding the pervasive use of lighting simulation, including: Most of the time in preparing lighting simulations is spent towards the input of existing but non-interoperable information between different tools. Lighting simulation tools do not complement integrated building design processes where the design solution is progressively developed in multiple disciplines concurrently; lighting simulation tools require design information (attributes) that may not yet be defined, and is non-interoperable with other tools. . Disparate tools with vastly different technical approaches available for different stages of the building design process do not allow consistent or meaningful performance comparisons between design versions, and similarly makes design performance progress tracking between design versions difficult. Lighting simulation tools provide radiance and irradiance values as simulation results, and much time and manual effort is required to process these results into operative information, information that is directly applicable in making design decisions. Lighting simulation tools employ outdated rendering techniques that are inadequate in evaluating highly-reflected irradiance, a typical feature in high performance building designs.
While there remain other shortcomings in lighting simulation tools as identified by contemporary research3, the issues above relate closely to the overall effort and time-cost factors attributed to using simulation tools, which has been consistently identified as obstacles towards using simulation tools. This research seeks to reduce the effort and time-cost required to conduct lighting simulation by addressing the issues above. Case studies of actual design scenarios are used to establish quantitatively the effort and time costs baselines for comparison.
The effort and time reduction goal is structured as the following objectives in a new lighting design support tool: Reduce the time and effort to set up and conduct lighting simulation by using interoperable information (building information models) from design modeling tools. Complement integrated design processes by supporting design models of varying completeness5, in a format that is interoperable with tools from other disciplines in the design team. All information, including assumptions, must be consistent across all disciplines. Provide ability to use performance metrics and consistent technical approaches throughout design stages, regardless of completeness of design model. Provide operative information with minimum user effort. Implement a first principle-based rendering technique that handles high performance building designs well, and produce simulation results within reasonable time constraints.
By meeting these objectives, the new lighting design tool is able to automate much of the previously manual, time-consuming, and disparate efforts in lighting simulation, thus reducing the effort and time-cost. By sharing interoperable information with other tools across the design team, the new lighting design tool is integrated. The new tool is also scalable in being able to support models of varying completeness throughout all design stages.
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JABERI, OMAR. "A Lighting Design for theFaçade of RiddarholmenChurchAUTHOR: OMAR JABERITracks: urban." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280067.
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The aim of this thesis is to study the current lighting conditions of Riddarholmen church at night time,by following a methodology that consists of three parts; background and regulation, analysis andobservation of context as well as creating a public opinion.Comparing the church with others by introducing different case studies and similar projects to make aninspiration.Giving an answer to the research question about the possibilities of light to reveal the historical valueof the church as the oldest in Stockholm, as well as improve the visibility of the church from a shortand long distance.In addition, proposing a lighting concept that highlights the historical value of the church and makes avisual hierarchy of different light layers depending on the distance.
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Prodromou, Anastasia. "Emotion through theatrical lighting: Light as a psychological modifier in architecture." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280078.
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Ballina, Mariana. "Illuminating education : composition and use of lighting in public K-12 classrooms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106405.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-102).
Despite ample research on light's effect on the human body (and particularly its effect on student and teacher health and performance), understanding of light's role in operational energy consumption, and advancement made in architectural design to address these impacts, little is known about actual use patterns and occupant exposure to light in classroom settings. Through the measurement of lighting conditions and an examination of occupant behavior under both electric and natural lighting systems in K- 12 schools of Southern California, this research aims to bridge gaps between knowledge of light's impact on the human body and results of human exposure to various light as well as our understanding of occupant use and the current architectural design of schools. An analysis of illuminance and color temperature measurements across 21 classrooms, observations, and questionnaire responses from 27 teachers reveals muted daylight availability and low and warm color electric lighting conditions in the classroom that consistently falls below recommended illuminance and light levels, as well as lighting controls, installations, and design that may not allow for adequate control within these rooms by occupants. The work presented informs future design choices and assumptions made by architects of K- 12 schools, and may provide context for research on and estimates of light's biological impact on students.
by Mariana Ballina.
S.B.
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Becker, Jonas Johannes. "MIDDLA makerspacedynamics in lighting." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280060.
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This thesis report deals with the meaning of dynamics in lighting in context of the current state oflighting technology and how certain aspects of those can be applied to a specific space.Former studies discovered that biophilic aspects in design can create great benefits for the usersof a space. Natural elements is what we humans most affiliate to. Based on those findings I implementedaspects of dynamics in lighting into my design proposal assuming to be able to give theusers of the MIDDLA space benefit by recreating some degree of ‘virtual biophilia’.MIDDLA is the laboratory of the Media Technology and Interaction Design department of KTH.Characteristics of these facilities are unique as it is located in the attic floor of the oldest buildingon campus which is rather restricted in terms of daylighting and room clearance. Focus is put onthe corridor to evolve into an extension of the laboratory itself as a study area.Future post-occupancy research could be worthwhile of being conducted in combination with furtherdevelopment of the lighting design.
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Lesina, Debiasi Lukas. "Illuminating preference : rethinking colored lighting in workplace environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130183.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, September, 2020Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, September, 2020
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis. "February 2020." Confirmed by MIT Registrar Office, graduation date is September 2020.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-71).
Comfort in workspace lighting is hard to define. In recent years "smart hardware" has enabled personalized control in lighting. Provided interfaces, however are often forcibly tying the ephemeral nature of light and personal preference into a simplified interface. In this thesis, three new paradigms are proposed, emphasizing on personalization through sensing and matching preferred light to a given workplace task. Firstly a study attempts to find correlations between semiotic meaning and task on different media trying to establish pipeline for interaction. In a second example, the experience itself becomes the most essential part and is thus framed around the question, to whether sufficient knowledge of preference can be matched to nearby workplaces through methods oflearning. Thirdly in a personalized lighting setup, a microcontroller, equipped with a camera, uses image recognition algorithms tracking movement and pose of people in the room adjusting lighting condition to suit a given task. In summary, this thesis poses the question: how can personalized lighting rethought, to better allow for tasks in workplace environments?
by Lukas Lesina Debiasi.
S.M.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Sardogan, Huseyin Emre. "NEW Lighting : First step for a Sustainable, and Digital futurein an industrial production factory." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280080.
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This thesis project was aimed at designing an energy efficient, intelligent and humancentriclighting solution for one of the steel manufacturing units of Sardogan Industryand Trade. The proposed lighting design will be used in order to reinforce a sustainable,digital and productive work environment in this family-owned business. To set thetechnical fundamentals for the new lighting proposal, the effects of industrial lighting onproductivity, well being and energy efficiency were researched. For future comparison, aversatile site analysis was performed to assess the existing working and lightingconditions of the space. This research was supported by an investigation of smartlighting fixtures and informal interviews with managers and workers from differentworkgroups. After reviewing the data gathered through research and analysis sections,an Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT) electric lighting system, 16 new skylights openings,and an experimental lighting control strategy was proposed. In addition to the increasein overall quality of lighting, advancements in the fields of energy sustainability anddigitalization could be observed. Also with the integration of a new lighting solution, adecrease in absenteeism and accidents was expected as well as an increase inproductivity and morale.
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Seitinger, Susanne 1978. "Liberated pixels : alternative narratives for lighting future cities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61935.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-171).
Lighting and illuminated displays shape our relations to urban environments and to one another at night and increasingly during the day by transforming what Kevin Lynch referred to as the "image of the city" (1964). Today, the wide-spread availability of LEDs (light-emitting diodes) in combination with embedded, miniaturized computation offers different ways of designing ambient infrastructures. In this dissertation, I explore these alternatives by exploiting the programmable and responsive capabilities of LED-based, low-resolution systems. In short, I examine the alternative aesthetic and communications opportunities afforded by a new generation of lighting and display technologies in the city. I investigate the origins of lighting and displays to illustrate how they have evolved through a complex interleaving of the social and the material. This grounding leads me to develop three design explorations that focus on programmability, addressability, responsiveness, mobility and ad-hoc control. The first of these explorations, Urban Pixels, presents a wireless network of individual, autonomous physical pixels that can be deployed on any surface in the city. The second, Light Bodies, reconnects with the history of lights-on-people like lanterns that travel through the city with their users. The third, Augmented-reality (AR) Street Light, provides a layer of programmability for existing infrastructural networks. Together the historical perspective and design interventions lead to a framework of what I call "liberated pixels", a new generation of lighting and display technologies. Liberated pixels can be placed flexibly within any context and recruited in different situations for aesthetic and ambient information purposes. This vision captures the contingent and emergent nature of "sociomaterial assemblages" (Suchman 2007) to chart holistic technical, aesthetic, and social directions for future infrastructures of "imageability" (Lynch 1964) in the city.
by Susanne Seitinger
Ph.D.
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Beyers, Lew Morris. "Daylight in architecture : the application of daylighting principles in the formulation of sacred space : a "one-volume" library for Leonardo da Vinci's Codex." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1237765.
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"Light, whose beauty within darkness is as jewels that one might cup in one's hands; light that hollowing out darkness and piercing our bodies, blows life into `space"'.'Tadao AndoThis thesis book documents the process and procedure of a two-year study of how daylight can be manipulated by design to enhance and elevate the experiential qualities of sacred space and then applies those characteristics to the design of an architectural thesis project.The exploration involved two major points of focus: one was the exploration to identify the principle qualities and characteristics of natural light and the other, to apply those principles of light into built form.This paper is presented in five processes: an introduction, three types of reflection, and a conclusion. Process I, presents the theoretical underpinning on the subject of light and identifies the key qualities and characteristics of light and the daylighting principles applied by Louis I. Kahn and Tadao Ando in the formulation of sacred space. Process II, presents the articulation of the necessary criteria to design a sacred space. Process III, applies the daylighting strategies to the design of a "one-volume" library for displaying Leonardo da Vinci's Codex. Process IV, presents an alternate scenario and an explanation of architecture as meaning. Process V, summerizes the meaning of the architecture and experience of the Library. 'Ando, Tadao, Complete Works, Phaidon Press Limited, London, (1997).Department of Architecture
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Beever, Meaghan K. "Light as word : exploring the linguistic roles of light in interior space." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2006/M%5FBeever%5F050706.pdf.
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Rocchi, Elisa. "Dynamic Digitalisation in the Lighting Industry. Present Technology and Future Scenarios in the Design of Smart Urban Lighting." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280045.
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In the last decade, major developments in mobile and sensor network technologies, as well as in more secure data management solutions allowed an accelerated expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) in different markets, including the smart lighting technology. These technological developments, currently shaping the lighting industry, have the power to enhance the liveability of spaces and improve people’s lives. However, in this thesis it is highlighted how such technological evolution is often marked by an engineering character over a design approach. In particular, this thesis focuses on smart lighting technology applied in urban environments and how the integration of information technology into the physical realm can enhance space quality and empower citizens’ participation. The main body is divided into two sections: The first part provides an overview of the technological solutions that are currently being implemented in the lighting design field. The second part advances a schematic projection of future trends, starting from the analysis of what is being developed in other related disciplines, such as urban planning and visual arts. Both parts are literature-based. The final section features the opinion of noteworthy lighting professionals about possible real-life applications of smart lighting technology. Since this thesis has been written during the Covid-19 pandemic, the author decided to include speculations regarding how this event might influence the future of urban lighting.
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Alsaeid, Khaled. "Sustainable lighting in offices : " How to save energy in officeswith a new lighting design ? "." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280059.
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Sustainableefficient lighting is becoming seen as one of the mostimportant issues in the office environment In Sweden, energydemandfor lighting corresponds to 20 of the total electricity use in officebuildings 31 while lighting form on average 33 1 of the electricityconsumption in UK office buildingsThisthesis investigate how to make lighting in offices more sustainableand focus on energy efficiency, to save energy through creating guidelinesrelated to light source technologies lighting control systems and the userbehavior then apply those guidelines to an existing office throughsuggesting a new lighting designTheexisting office in this case is the ÅF company 10 th office floor locatedin Stockholm SwedenThisinvestigation methodology consist of 2 main parts literature review andProject ( study At the first part, methods used are a combination ofliterature review related to saving energy through sustainability in lightingand how light source technology lighting control systems and the effect ofuser behavior could help to create more energy efficient lighting systemsAtthe second part, methods used in the Project study analyzed throughqualitative methods through surveys in addition to quantitative methodthrough and personal observations The used methods helped to createguidelines for the new suggested lighting design for ÅF 10 th office floorpartTheResults shows that the new suggested lighting design saved up to31 96 than the current lighting situation3
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Netz, Jenny. "Task lighting for the future school." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280027.
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Lighting is one of the most important issues for the perception of the physical environment and the ability to perform. Lighting design of classrooms is therefore crucial to achieve the goals of education. The Swedish school aim to provide a working environment supporting every child. As children are individuals their perceptions and light preferences differ just as adults do. Accessibility to tools to be able to customize for the individual child are therefore important. To support our planet, every new product developed should be considered regarding sustainability. This is particularly important of products designed for children as they are our future. This thesis will focus on finding a task light option suitable for the classroom environment. By researching literature, performing market research and conducting interviews with school professionals, important characteristics of a school task light were established. Based on the findings, a task light proposal was developed including the defined properties.
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Stravoravdis, Spyridon. "Lighting offices with LEDs : a study on retrofitting solutions." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/45793/.
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Global energy consumption is rising and the relative contribution of lighting in buildings to that total is also increasing. In offices, the dominant form of lighting is fluorescent, but this will soon be surpassed in terms of performance by LED lighting, which are already starting to be more widely used. Considering that most buildings and offices are of older building stock, this presents a great opportunity for making energy savings by using more efficient light sources within offices. This thesis investigates the application of LEDs as a retrofitting solution to existing fluorescent lighting systems and assesses their potential to provide an equivalent lighting environment with no adverse effects on performance and investigates their impact on space conditioning load demands and CO2e emissions on a range of case study buildings in the UK. Savings in lighting cannot only be made through reduced electrical consumption, but also through space conditioning loads, by reduced lighting heat gains. Currently used lighting technology is reaching its limit of performance, whereas LEDs offer the potential to meet energy saving targets with their rapidly improving performance. LEDs emit most of the heat generated to the back of a luminaire, rather than directly to the occupied space and this can lead to reduced heat gains and thus savings on space cooling demand loads, in addition to the electrical savings due to higher efficacies, for operating them. In this thesis, simulation software were reviewed that would allow for the lighting specification of custom LED replacement luminaires and assessment of their thermal performance. Methodologies were developed on simulating their light output and designing custom LED replacement luminaires with the use of RADIANCE, thus providing a novel use for this extensively used and validated software. For validation purposes a test room was used where custom LED replacement luminaires were fitted and measured for their performance, where good agreement in predicted and measured results was found. A visual performance study was also conducted using a range of age groups, to ascertain if there is a difference in task based performance on paper and VDU screens between fluorescent lighting and LED lighting, in an office environment. Subjective opinions on preference between the two light sources was also investigated. An assessment of space conditioning load demands was performed on five case study buildings, where custom LED luminaires were specified to retrofit the existing fluorescent lighting. Results showed lighting levels and distribution in each building could be replicated with good agreement, offering a cooling load demand reduction, however with an increase in heating load demand. In terms of CO2e emissions, the use of LED lighting instead of fluorescent also proved to be beneficial, providing reductions in emissions.
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Garcia, Rodriguez Raquel. "LIGHTING MASTER PLANFOR MARCHAMALOSALT FLATS." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280068.
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The Marchamalo salt flats, built in the 18th century, are located near Cabo de Palos, Murcia (Spain), in a hot spot area with constant pressures of tourism and urban speculation. The salt flats are currently abandoned, but its landscape and ecological value still subsist. This Thesis aims to develop a low impact lighting Master plan for Marchamalo salt flats in which a comprehensive analysis is relevant for the design project. A holistic analysis method is employed which considers three agents: “Space”, “Humans” and “Light” to which the factor “Flora & Fauna” was added since the original method was developed for an urban context while the salt flats are located in a natural protected area. Each agent is studied in depth, separately and the interrelations between them. Applying the interpretation of facts and data developed in the analysis and by means of alternative urban lighting solutions like phosphorescence, portable lamps and smart controls; a customised urban lighting design is proposed based on the salt flats identity, preservation of darkness, multi-sensorial experience of the realm and the reconnection with the sky and nature. The lighting proposal will also be the guiding thread to raise awareness about the importance of protecting the heritage in the Region of Murcia in general, taking as a particular example the case of Marchamalo salt flat.
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Thompson, Maria do Rosário. "Psychophysical evaluations of modulated color rendering for energy performance of LED-based architectural lighting." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38608.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-146).
This thesis is focused on the visual perception evaluation of colors within an environment of a highly automated lighting control strategy. Digitally controlled lighting systems equipped with light emitting diodes, LEDs, can produce a range of different qualities of light, adjustable to users' requirements. In this context of unparalleled controllability, a novel energy-saving lighting control concept inspired this research: strategic control of Red, Yellow, Green & Blue LEDs forming white light can further increase energy efficiency. The resulting (more efficient) white light, however, would have decreased "color rendering" (i.e. the ability of accurately reproduce the colors of illuminated objects). The notable point is that while color rendering is necessarily affected, the appearance and light levels of the white light can stay the same. But how objects' distorted colors are perceived within a real life architectural context is a key, ensuing question. This research investigated the hypothesis that a significant range of color distortions would be unnoticeable under a dynamically controlled LED system, when operating outside of users' main field of view. If successful, such control technique could minimize peak hours lighting energy waste, and potentially enable up to 25% of power reduction.
(cont.) Three incremental series of psychophysical experiments were performed based on subjective assessment of color changes under continuously modulated color rendering from white LEDs. Visual tests were carried out for central and peripheral vision on a full scale mockup of an architectural scenario. Results confirmed the fundamental hypothesis, showing that the majority of subjects did not detect the color changes in their periphery while the same color changes were noticeable with direct observation. The conclusion chapter provides fundamental guidelines for how to extrapolate the experimental results into real life and apply the data to architectural settings. Hypothetical architectural scenarios are presented and the potential for energy savings is discussed.
by Maria do Rosário Thompson.
Ph.D.
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Jarrell, Robert Perry. "Natural daylighting : a thermal analysis." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22350.
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Hirsch, Matthew Waggener. "BiDi screen : depth and lighting aware interaction and display." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55261.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79).
In this thesis, I describe a new type of interactive display that supports both on-screen multi-touch interactions and off-screen hover-based gestures. This BiDirectional (BiDi) screen, capable of both image capture and display, is inspired by emerging LCDs that use embedded optical sensors to detect multiple points of direct contact. The key contribution of this thesis is to exploit the spatial light modulation capability of LCDs to allow dynamic mask-based scene capture without interfering with display functionality. A large-format image sensor is placed slightly behind the liquid crystal layer. By alternatly switching the liquid crystal between a display mode showing traditional graphics and a capture mode in which the backlight is disabled and a pinhole array or an equivalent tiled-broadband code is displayed, the BiDi Screen can recover multi-view orthographic imagery while functioning as a 2D display. The recovered imagery is used to passively estimate the depth of scene points from focus. I discuss the design and construction of a prototype to demonstrate these capabilities in two motivating applications: a hybrid touch plus gesture interaction and a light-gun mode for interacting with external light-emitting widgets. The working prototype simulates the large format light sensor with a camera and diffuser, supporting interaction up to 50 cm in front of a modified 20.1 inch LCD.
by Matthew W. Hirsch.
S.M.
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Devers, Marvin G. "Building Under the Ground: An Exploration of Spirituality, Visibility and Presence in Architecture." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1277137181.
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Dascalita, Raluca. "That meaningful light : A phenomenological approach to meaning in lighting design." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234268.
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Guðmundsdóttir, Anna Kristín. "Outdoor lighting in Icelandic schoolyards : The importance of outdoor lighting during the dark winter days." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210258.
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Schoolyards play an important role in the Icelandic education system. Students aged 6 to 12 years old are required to go outdoors for recess at least two times per day. To play, get fresh air and to regain energy for upcoming classes. The schoolyards are even sometimes used for outdoor education where the students can experience their nearest environment. The children spend a great time of their childhood in school, which should support their well-being by offering an environment of good quality.The thesis main objective is to examine the importance of outdoor lighting in Icelandic schoolyards by the dark winter days. Since Iceland is located at high latitudes, the amount of daylight varies between seasons, with shorter days by winter but longer and brighter days by the summer.The structure of the thesis is a combination of research background and a case study. The research background introduces the positive link between the outdoors and well-being and how the mindset towards the winter can change the perception of darkness. Possibilities of outdoor lighting are examined, how lighting can contribute to the users and the identity of urban spaces. The case study examines two Icelandic schools where the current conditions are analyzed. Qualitative interviews were carried out to gain insight from school employees about the school environment and their experience of the students‘ well-being during the dark winter months. Finally, a lighting proposal is introduced that illustrates how layers of light can enrich the school outdoor environment.It can be truly said that outdoor lighting is of high importance in Icelandic schoolyards, for the students to see and experience the schoolyard by dark winter days. It is important that the lighting is in context with the schoolyard elements and thereby enhancing the quality of the environment.
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Intaragumhaeng, Nuchanat. "East Lake Meadows Public Housing : modernism reconsidered through natural lighting." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23071.
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Slagan, David M. "The symbolic role of light in religious architecture with a critical interpretation of five churches in Columbus, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864946.
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Daylighting, a form of illumination utilizing sunlight, has been used by architects as a method of symbolic expression in religious architecture. Light can be used to illustrate architectural comcepts or to satisfy the liturgical requirements of the particular religious denomination. This thesis illustrates some of the techniques employed by well-known architects, critiquing their successes and failures, and weighting them against more conventional works designed by lesser-known architects in order to discover what separates the ordinary from the extraordinary.The city of Columbus was chosen for its outstanding reputation of producing well known works of architecture, or "icons." Five churches have been singled out on the basis of their exemplary use of daylighting:First Christian ChurchNorth Christian Church First Baptist ChurchSt. Peter's Lutheran ChurchSandy Hook United Methodist ChurchResearch undertaken involved studying the philosophies of each architect, critically assessing the theories of light in earlier historical periods, and defining how some of these earlier concepts have influenced today's architects, if at all. By closely adhering to these principles, the architectural and spiritual value of the church increased greatly.Department of Architecture
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Kutlu, Hilmi Gökhan Günaydın Murat. "An Evaluation Methodology For Assessing Artificial Lighting Quality In Architecture: The Case of Apikam/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2007. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/mimarlik/T000290.pdf.
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Kilpatrick, Yvonne Younis. "Daylighting and high efficiency lighting : the effects on heating and cooling loads." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21810.
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Mordeglia, Cristina. "The Home-Office Lighting Kit." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297959.
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This Master Thesis, inspired by the relevance that home-offices have assumed as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, originated from the architectural, quantitative, and qualitative analysis of lighting within the author’s student accommodation on KTH Main Campus, in Stockholm (Sweden). As a matter of fact, this background study proved that recommended lighting levels (Illuminance, Contrast Ratio, CCT, CRI, M-EDI, and DER values) were not met, making the space unsuitable and unhealthy to both live and work in. Moreover, evaluating individual lighting preferences, it was demonstrated that flexibility, customizability, and adaptability to daylighting and tasks are fundamental requirements for working from home.Considering the temporary nature of students’ leases, the idea of developing an inexpensive and easily assemblable kit of smart products, aimed at improving lighting in dormitories, came quite naturally.To study the implementation of visual comfort and focus on tasks, literature review, market analysis, quantitative measurements, and hands-on experiments were carried on.Thus, with the gained knowledge and experience, the Home-Office Lighting Kit, an array of commercially available sockets, shades, and smart sources, supporting circadian rhythm and individual preferences, was proposed. Along with it, instructions on set-up and scenarios were provided.Although the overall conclusion was that the market needs products with a better balance between price, sturdiness, and reliability, the lighting conditions within the case study space were substantially improved, making other students interested in doing the same.Eventually, interesting cues for the sector’s development were proposed.
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Jafarian, Hoda. "Lighting ambiances and materialities of wood in architecture : a comparative evaluation of the quality of spaces in relation to interior finishes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27262.
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Le bois est un matériau souvent utilisé par les architectes pour améliorer l'ambiance générale d'un espace, mais peu de recherches en présentent l’impact réel du matériau sur les impressions visuelles et les effets lumineux. Cette recherche étudie l'influence de la matérialité du bois par rapport à la création d'ambiances d'éclairage spécifiques dans l'architecture. Plus particulièrement, elle se concentre sur l'impact des panneaux décoratifs en bois à générer de la diversité lumineuse dans les espaces intérieurs et son potentiel à améliorer la satisfaction environnementale et l'efficacité énergétique. La recherche utilise des maquettes à l’échelle pour leur précision dans la représentation des ambiances lumineuses d’espaces éclairés naturellement ainsi que les technologies récentes d'imagerie digitale pour capturer et analyser les résultats. La méthodologie permet la comparaison entre les différents réglages des espaces intérieurs créés par une sélection des types de matérialités du bois: la réflectance (valeur), la couleur et la réflectivité. Les modalités spatiales sont comparées en présence d’ensoleillement direct et sous des conditions de ciel couvert puisque les modèles d'éclairage et les ambiances diffèrent considérablement. Les résultats permettent d’établir une discussion sur les ambiances en termes de brillance et de contraste, sur la couleur ainsi que la répartition des zones lumineuses dans l'espace. La recherche souligne le rôle des matérialités que peuvent prendre le bois pour optimiser la diversité lumineuse et la création d'ambiances visuellement confortables, ainsi que ses possibilités d'améliorer les ambiances architecturales par rapport à la lumière.Wood is a material often used by architects to enhance the overall ambiance of a space but few research discuss its actual impact on visual impressions and luminous effects. This research studies the influence of wood materialities in relation to creating specific lighting ambiances in architecture. More particularly, it focuses on the impact of decorative wood indoor panels on the creation of daylighting diversity in interior spaces and the potential to improve environmental satisfaction and energy efficiency. The research uses scale models for their accuracy in rendering complex daylighting ambiances in conjunction with the latest imaging technologies to capture and analyze the results. The methodology enables the comparison between different settings of interior spaces created by a selection of wood type materialities: ratio (percentage), color and gloss. Spatial modalities are compared in the presence of direct sunlighting and diffuse skylight conditions since lighting patterns and ambiances differ considerably. The results enable a discussion of ambiances in terms of brightness and contrast, color, as well as the luminous distribution in the space. The research underlines roles of wood materialities to achieve luminous diversity and creating visually comfortable interior ambiances as well as its opportunities to enhance architectural ambiances in relation to light.
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Levens, Kurt Antony 1961. "Lighting a building with a single bulb : toward a system for illumination in the 21st c.; or, A centralized illumination system for the efficient decoupling and recovery of lighting related heat." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68340.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-229).
Piping light represents the first tenable method for recovery and reutilization of lighting related heat. It can do this by preserving the energy generated at the lamp as radiative, departing from precedent and avoiding absorption of and re-emission of radiant heat as convection and conduction. Within thermodynamic limits, the radiant heat generated by an electric lamp or the sun is available for optical concentration and for reconstitution as a high thermodynamic quality power reservoir. Piping light from a large central lamp facilitates the decoupling of lighting related heat at the source, and also means that the efficiency of one central fixture can be stringently optimized instead of the multitude of fixtures it replaces in buildings. Luminous efficacy for a full-spectrum lamp decoupled of its infrared can be shown to approach theoretical limits of 250 lumens/watt. UV generated by the lamp, if coupled along with the illumination into the transport fibers, can be converted into visible radiation at the emitting end of the fiber, supplementing the light output. Fiber optics are used to carry information over long distances (actually encoded pulses of radiative IR), but certain fiber optics can carry tremendous amounts of energy. As fiber optics become more and more plentiful in telecommunications, their prices will come down. Cost and operating expense studies included in the final chapter of this thesis indicate that a large single source with light that is efficiently coupled and piped throughout a building's interior could reduce electric light consumption to one-fourth, and that even at current fiber pricing levels some systems can be competitive in initial cost to conventional lighting. Certain aspects of centralization suggest further reductions in cost and operating expenses such as centralized, instead of localized, relamping and cleaning, and eliminated requirements for thermal, electrical, and structural hardware at room fixture locations. The economic and technical feasibility of a central system depends on the simultaneous minimization of fiber aperture area and energy losses. Thermodynamically, the concentration of light for transport cannot surpass the energy density of the source. So such a system employs, at best, an optical process that preserves the extent of the source. That is, a high brightness source must be used to drive the system, regardless of the lamp's lumen output. High brightness lamps, then, can be viewed as an alternative to high efficacy lamps for increasing the energy performance of lighting systems in buildings. This thesis anticipates the existence of high brightness, high lumen lamps. The sun's 10,000 footcandles in peak conditions can be a potent contributor to the energy efficacy of buildings if a collection and utilization strategy is properly devised. At 100 sq. ft of available illumination for each sq. ft of collected sunlight, a scenario including simultaneous collection and distribution of electric light and heat and sunlight and solar heat in a building could reduce to near zero the energy consumed for lighting during peak sun conditions. Studies in this thesis indicate that an economically driven future role of solar energy in the lighting, heating, and cooling of buildings could very well revolve around keeping sunlight in the form of illumination and sunheat in the form of radiative heat, instead of converting both into electricity via photovoltaics and reconversion of this electricity back into electric light. Conventional lighting is an inefficient process, essentially using heat sources for the light they provide. Not only is lighting related electricity generating predominantly waste heat, this heat must be removed from the building's envelope by an additional input of energy. Even energy saving fluorescent lamps and fixtures produce at least 80% heat. This might serve to explain why 30% of the country's electricity is consumed by lighting. This thesis proposes a method for decoupling and recovery of lighting related heat, and transporting light in lieu of electricity to lighting fixtures (Chapters 2 and 6). Each of the optical components that would comprise such a system is examined. Chapter 7 investigates the radiation source. Chapter 8 develops the source reflector which will direct the source's radiative output in a particular direction. Chapter 9 studies a mirror that will separate the source's radiation beam into a light beam and a heat beam for subsequent processing. Chapter 10 looks at the heat collector that will convert the heat beam into a usable high-temperature power reservoir. Chapter 11 devises the light collector/ concentrator that will facilitate coupling of light energy into a fiber optic transport network. Chapter 12 assembles the constituent components into central modules. Chapter 5 surveys the light transport media, in particular fiber optics and Prism Optical Light Guide, for suitability to building lighting applications. The exact method of solar couplature is not introduced. Sample energy efficiency comparisons, cost and payback scenarios, implementation issues and concepts for room emitters are included in chapter 13. Related concepts for a transparent concentrating solar collector for use as a window or skylight, and a solar concentrating wall are disclosed in the conclusory chapter. Material included in this thesis has been patented by MIT. The usage of such material for any commercial means requires a licensing agreement.
by Kurt Antony Levens.
S.M.
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Duan, Ran, and Alessandro Distaso. "LINK A lighting design framework to assist the integration ofHistorical Urban Public Parks to modern city life." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280055.
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Alessandro, as a person grew up in a historical city with a background in engineering, provides a solid understanding of this topic with a rational technical solution.Ran, coming from a rapid developing city with background in architecture, contributes better understanding of urban development and the connection between human and space.The different life experiences and backgrounds are an embodiment of the contradictions of an Historical Urban Public Park. From one side the historic elements and value of the park, from the other side a city life that moves fast at the speed of innovations.The dialogue between the authors represents the wish to harmonise the contradictions of the park and to project it to a possible future. This thesis work is the result of such dialogue.In this thesis the research is divided as:Alessandro: study of formal garden history, study of urban parks / open public spaces, Lighting regulations, Lighting technologies and Lighting history.Ran: Study of heritage Preservation, Study of psychology and perception of outdoor public space, Study of urban transformation, Lighting qualities and considerations.The case studies and lighting proposal are carried out by both.
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Cieszykowski, Jeannette Marie. "Restoring the night." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17598.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Mary Catherine (Katie) Kingery-Page
Restorative landscapes, healing gardens, and therapeutic gardens can improve mental and physical health. They relieve stress, slow us down and make us appreciate the present moment (Kaplan 1995). Research confirms these benefits: “A restorative environment provides measurable physical and/or psychological benefit to human health” (Krinke 2005, 107). Unfortunately, few restorative landscapes are designed for night time use, though stress and the need for healing occur at all hours of the day and night. To that end, the purpose of this research is to create a set of lighting design strategies that will enable designers to create restorative landscapes for nighttime use and demonstrate how they can be applied. A literature review synthesizing the information on healing garden types, outdoor lighting techniques, and their relationship to Attention Restoration Theory, identified four main components required for a space to be considered restorative. Two precedent studies allowed the author to explore the components of Attention Restoration Theory and healing garden types. The lighting principles that afford these four components and healing garden types that are best suited for an urban public space were layered in a final design to create a restorative urban space that is functional at night. The set of design strategies created with the support of this research was applied to Occidental Square, a public park in Seattle, Washington. The applied design strategies are represented and demonstrated through the site design. With these tools in hand, designers can create spaces for those in need of rejuvenation, restoration, and tranquility not only during the day, but also at night.
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Malmberg, Jonas. "Is Human Centric Lighting Really Human Centric in a Classroom? : A holistic evaluation of a HCL-system in a classroom." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209810.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate Human Centric Lighting in a classroom. Previous studies tend to focus primarily on the biological, non-visual, effects of the HCL. In this study, a more holistic approach to HCL is applied, including both the non-visual aspects as well as the visual and emotional aspects. In order to fulfil the aim of the study, the three aspects - visual, emotional and biological - will be investigated through five different methodologies; observation and analysis of lighting distribution and behavioural analysis of lighting system as a visual aspect, surveys about the mood and emotions as an emotional aspect and visual performance and visual acuity as a biological aspect. The evaluation took place in the elementary school Sturebyskolan in Stockholm, where a classroom with a HCL-system is to be found. The system includes three lighting settings; 800 lx, 6000 K (energy light/focus light), 500 lx, 4000 K (standard/normal light) and 300 lx, 3000 K (calm/relaxed light). Results show positive effect on performance and better visual acuity in focus lighting than in relaxed lighting. Focus lighting was perceived as a cold and hard lighting for tests, while the relaxed lighting was perceived as a warm and calm lighting for a cosy feeling. The lighting characteristics are suited for a typical classroom. The ignorance of the lighting system can be a problem for the experience and usage of the lighting in the classroom. In summary, to denominate a lighting system as HCL and only consider the altered colour temperature and light intensity is not comprehensive enough. A HCL-system needs to consider the visual, emotional and biological aspects, and the biological aspect is explicitly considered in this lighting-system, whilst the emotional and visual aspects are more ambiguously considered. As a proposal to consider all three aspects, several layers of light could be added in order to strengthen the visual aspect and create a vivid and interesting atmosphere. Moreover, conscious arrangement of luminaires and luminaires with flexible characteristics could simplify and broaden the opportunities in the classroom and facilitate the use of light layers.
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Kent, Michael G. "Temporal effects in glare response." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/35450/.
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Discomfort glare is considered to be an annoyance or distraction caused by sources of non-uniform or high luminance within the field of view of an observer. There are still significant gaps in our understanding of the conditions that characterise the magnitude and occurrence of discomfort glare, this being especially evident in the presence of large sources of luminance such as windows. The large degree of scatter that is observed when subjective evaluations of glare sensation are compared against calculated glare indices suggests that discomfort glare may be dependent on other variables beyond the physical and photometric parameters that are commonly embedded in glare formulae (e.g., source luminance, source size, background luminance, and position index). There are strong reasons to believe that some of these variables might be linked to the time of day when the observer is exposed to the glare source. In response, this thesis investigated the research hypothesis that subjective glare sensation is associated with temporal variability. This hypothesis was tested in two stages. The first stage was conducted within a laboratory setting, and sought to examine temporal effects under controlled artificial lighting conditions. The collection of temporal variables and personal factors – thereby examining the scatter in glare responses across the independent variable (time of day) and isolating potential confounding variables – enabled to identify factors that could influence the subjective evaluation of glare sensation along the day. Having established the presence of a temporal effect on glare response, the influences detected were further explored within a test room with direct access to daylight, whereby temporal variables and personal factors were measured in conjunction to glare sensation for them to be statistically masked from the analysis. The results confirmed the hypothesis of an increased tolerance to glare as the day progresses. This supported the conclusion that physical and photometric parameters alone are not sufficient for a robust prediction of discomfort glare.
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Borralho, André João Patrício. "Iluminação pública em espaço urbano - Recomendações de referência e aplicação às Avenidas Novas em Lisboa." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5292.
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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaPublic lighting systems play essential roles in the night movement dynamics and safety of urban centers, therefore making them inseparable from the city planning policies. This paper aims to bring forth the importance of understanding urban public lighting in relation with landscape architecture. Its technical features, the influence ii has on people’s welfare, the design possibilities in public space, environmental care to take in mind as well as key information in the relationship between the landscape architect and public lighting. Lisbon’s lighting history is the first phase of the literature research, together with light and human vision features. Still in the research phase, an approach in terms of planning and functions of public lighting in urban space. The practical part of this paper, addresses the Lisbon’s Public Space Strategic Plan (PEEPL), where states the development of a strategic plan for lighting. Through the PEEPL diagnosis and the existing public lighting, proceeded do carry out a proposal within the general lighting plan for an area in the Avenidas Novas. This plan contains normative information about public lighting, of interest to the landscape architect, in terms of planning as well as small scale project.
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Bergman, Oscar. "Public spaces and socially sustainable lighting." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280061.
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We are living in a changing time where a living democracy and sustainable development is more important than ever. Factors such as urbanization, technological development and migration is creating new needs for us as a society which has to be considered when designing for a sustainable future. The Swedish policy ”Politik för gestaltad livsmiljö” (Policy for a designed urban environment), is suggesting a new way to work with sustainability, design and architecture in our urban environment. The policy is mentioning a lot of factors that should be considered in the design of a socially sustainable urban environment but it is lacking a clear guidance on how to achieve it. For lighting designers it might be hard to know how to work consciously with these factors. The different factors needs to be put in to a lighting design context to bring clearness to the matter. This thesis had the intention to summarize the new policy and create guidelines regarding socially sustainable lighting design of public spaces. These guidelines was then implemented in a project with a client where the aim was to create a social sustainable lighting design for the shopping center ”Valbo Köpcentrum” right outside the Swedish city of Gävle.
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Caton, Nicholas A. "Task-ambient lighting : a sustainable design method investigation." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/534.
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Sova, Toma. "Guiding Light, Balancing fluidity and orientation." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297964.
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The intention of this document is to explore the potential of lighting design to work as an orientation tool in relatively large-scale buildings, where users lack the environmental clues needed to create effective cognitive maps.Cognitive mapping is the process of mental structuring of an overall image or representation of the spaces and layout of a setting, for the purpose of wayfinding.The motivation of this thesis comes from observing the frustration experienced by students using the KTH Architecture building, documented through an empirical study and interviews.Literature review of human apprehension of spatial evidence that enable individuals to orient in the world is used to define the underlying structure for the design intervention.Understanding human cognition from an existential-phenomenological perspective through the work of Medard Boss and Ludwing Binswanger, together with the technical understanding of the objective fabric of the environment present in wayfinding literature are used to account for the lighting intervention on a studio floor from the KTH Architecture building.The thesis intention is to understand what architectural elements humans use to create a mental map for decision making when moving trough space, and use lighting rather than signage to accentuate, articulate and complement necessary architectural features for the process.
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Matlack, Daniel W. "Incorporating new age technology into campus lighting." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1391.
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Zhang, Xin. "How Street Features and Lighting Affect Neighborhood Walkability." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563388047593407.
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