Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Light structure'
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Arevalo, Patricia. "Temporal Structure of AGN Light Curves." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-50359.
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Karatutlu, Ali. "Structure and light emission in germanium nanoparticles." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/27203.
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In this study, advanced techniques in the synthesis of germanium nanoparticles have been investigated. Based on physical and chemical production methods, including stain etching, liquid-phase pulsed laser ablation, sol-gel synthesis and two benchtop colloidal synthesis techniques, germanium nanoparticles with various surface terminations were formed. Out of those, colloidal synthesis by benchtop chemistry (named CS1) were found to be the most promising synthesis route in terms of yield and stability of the as-prepared Ge qdots and its luminescence with almost no oxides present. For the characterisation of Ge nanoparticles, Raman spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and selective area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques were utilised before conducting X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements. The structure and morphology of Ge quantum dots formed using colloidal synthesis routes were found to fit best to the model of a nanocrystalline core surrounded by disordered Ge layers. Optically-detected X-ray absorption studies have enabled us to establish a direct link between nanoparticles structure and the source of the luminescence. The most important outcome of this study is that it provides a direct experimental route linking synthesis conditions and properties of nanosized Ge quantum dots. Furthermore, using annealing, we can control surface termination even further, as well as change particle size and possibly produce metastable phases.
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Perry, Michael John. "Discomfort glare, light scatter, and scene structure." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57561/.
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Since the start of the Industrial Revolution there has been a general improvement in working conditions. As part of this process, light in the work place was recognised as an important environmental factor. In the early years of the 20th century it was also recognised that in providing adequate lighting for a particular working environment, there was a need to avoid the potential negative effects of too much, or inappropriately distributed, light. One of the negative effects of light in the work place was glare. Holladay (Holladay, (1926)) attributed the negative effects of glare to impairment of vision caused by light scatter. Stiles (Stiles, (1929)) refuted Holladay's case by arguing that only a small proportion of the reduction in task visibility could be attributed to light scatter effects (where task visibility is a measure of how far above the visual threshold a task's contrast is). Stiles distinguished disability glare, a light scatter effect, from discomfort glare which was glare that could not be attributed to light scatter. The distinction made by Stiles resulted in the separate development of discomfort and disability glare models. Very few, if any, studies since Stiles have re-evaluated the potential association between subjectively rated discomfort glare, and physically based disability glare. In the study reported here, subjects were asked to set the appearance of a 2° glare source so that it appeared at the Borderline between Comfort and Discomfort, or BCD (Guth, (1963)). Each subject's visual threshold for a 4 cycle per degree spatial grating was measured under BCD and control conditions, and a comparison made to assess if light scatter effects from the glare source influenced threshold contrast, Cth. The results of the study indicate that Cth, can be lower in the presence of the glare source set to BCD. This anomaly may be explained by improvement in image quality caused by the glare source driving the pupil to a smaller diameter. More significantly, there was found to be a strong correlation between subjective BCD settings and age, and also between BCD settings and control condition Cth. Both of these results suggest an influence of light scatter on BCD settings of discomfort glare. This conclusion was further supported by the fitting to the data of the independently reported stray light function of Ijspeert et al (Ijspeert et al, (1990)). Thus the results strongly suggest a correlation between subjective BCD settings of a glare source and light scatter function. A conclusion that substantially weakens Stiles' argument that discomfort glare is not dependent on light scatter effects. Using the results of the study, a new threshold type model for assessing discomfort glare is proposed, which explicitly includes age as a parameter. However, much variance remains to be explained in the glare data. Therefore, a second theme investigated in the dissertation is the possible association between scene visual structure and visual discomfort. The results of this study indicate that there is a small but significant difference in the image structure of natural and man made environments. This difference may contribute to visual discomfort, but will require further investigation.
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Russell, Paul Floyd. "Reflections: Light and Structure in Religious Architecture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34437.
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Light is the most sacred phenomenon and the presence of it in a place of worship is the greatest manifestation of God himself. Man can manufacture all the building materials needed to errect the greatest of structures, but only God can fill it with the light of the sun and make the materials come alive. Through the interplay of light and structure the building can seem to be alive. Through the proper execution of structure and material the building can sculpt light and define the time of day and season of year. This then became the genesis of the project; to sculpt light through natural materials and structure in order to bring glory to the creator and provide a sacred retreat for the weary, a rich interplay of light and material coming together to create a worshipful experience.Master of Architecture
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Giovanniello, Joseph. "The realization of architecture through structure and light." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24064.
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Xu, Jian. "Development of a general dynamic hysteretic light-frame structure model and study on the torsional behavior of open-front light-frame structures." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2006/j_xu_120606.pdf.
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Liu, Lihong. "Beam shaping of incoherent white light with faceted structure." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD010.
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La mise en forme de lumière blanche incohérente à l’aide d’un nouveau composant est proposée dans cette thèse. L'objectif était de réaliser une carte d'irradiance arbitraire sur un écran à l’aide d’une structure originale contenant seulement des facettes, légèrement inclinées par rapport à la direction d'origine selon leurs axes propres. Une approche basée sur l’optique géométrique a été utilisée pour concevoir et analyser la structure proposée. Celle-ci est constituée d’une matrice de facettes jouant le rôle de déflecteur. Nous avons étudié le cas en transmission et en réflexion. L’obtention des angles d’inclinaison s’est faite avec deux approches différentes : l'optimisation sous Zemax et le calcul analytique. Plusieurs critères de qualité ont été proposés pour comparer la carte d'irradiance. Le tolérancement a démontré qu’il est plus intéressant de travailler en transmission qu’en réflexion. Une réalisation a été faite avec succès en utilisant une technologie additive innovanteBeam shaping of incoherent white light with a large spectrum is proposed in this PhD thesis. The objective was to realize an arbitrary irradiance map on a target plane using a faceted structure. To maintain the design result within the geometrical optics domain, large facet element dimensions are required to obtain usable results. Each facet element can slightly tilt along its own axes to deflect the incident light, either by reflection, either by transmission. The calculation of the tilt angles is made by an analytical approach, and also by automatic optimization with Zemax. Several quality factors are proposed in order to qualify the illumination/irradiance chart on the screen. Because of the required tolerances on the fabrication technique, we show that it is more interesting to design a transmissive structure than a reflective one. With a new additive technology, a structure is realized successfully, showing the interest of the concept
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Livsey, I. "A light scattering study of non-aqueous colloidal dispersions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355344.
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Lai, Qianru. "Monumentality of Serenity and Dynamism." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100983.
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Monumentality derives from the eternal need of people to own symbols to reveal their inner life and social conceptions. I want to design a building to represent Modern Monumentality. This project came from the idea of " Serenity and Dynamism", which came from the famous wood-print " The Great Wave off Kanagawa". Mont Fuji is the symbol of Japan, a sacrid object of worship, and holding a place in Japanese beliefs. Mont Fuji gave the direction in my thesis.
This project can wake up memories in local residents' deep minds. Architecture can be a bridge to make a connection between the past and the future. It's not only the memory, but also a sense of identity.Master of Architecture
This project came from the idea of " Serenity and Dynamism", which came from the famous wood-print "The Great Wave off Kanagawa". This building design is a way to acheive my initial purpose to present Modern Monumentality. Those efforts I did is to fulfill the original topic of 'New Monumentality'. People need Monumentality to reveal their inner life and their beliefs. This building gives an opportunity to let people to stay closer to their worship. There are lots of elements in the project, and each of them plays a very important role in it. This urban-scale building consists of ideas, form, function, structure, materials, details and human consideration, etc. None of them can be set aside. Stimulated and guided by knowledge, I developed forms and structures to fit for materials and construction methods. This project can wake up memories in local residents' deep minds. Architecture can be a bridge to make a connection between the past and the future. It's not only the memory, but also a sense of identity.
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Fairbanks, M. "Neutron and light scattering studies of molten salts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233457.
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Osterwalder, Jürg. "On the electronic structure of the light rare earth hydrides /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1985. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=7766.
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Corcoran, Nicholas. "Polymer light-emitting diodes : the influence of morphology and structure." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597998.
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The work presented in this thesis focuses on the influence of morphology and device structure on the performance of polyfluorene light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The influence of blend morphology has been investigated by considering how certain processing parameters give rise to different blend morphologies and the impact these morphologies have on device characteristics and efficiency. An understanding of how different blend morphologies arise has allowed the development of techniques to control blend morphology. In this way, vertically segregated polymer blend devices have been fabricated that increase device efficiency by up to 100%. The influence of multiple semi-conducting polymer layer structures on the efficiency of polymer LEDs has also been investigated and the results show that bilayer structures increase device efficiency relative to comparable blend devices by 20%. These bilayer structures have been adapted to incorporate one-dimensional periodic structures, which result in a further 20% increase in efficiency relative to unpatterned bilayer devices. The effect of these periodic structures on the electroluminescent radiation pattern has also been investigated and it has been found that they produce distinct non-Lambertian behaviour perpendicular to the pattern direction. Finally, one- and two-dimensional self-organised periodic structures have been induced into polymer blend LEDs by using surface energy modifications to control the blend morphology. It has been found that the 1- and 2-D patterned devices are 40% and 100% more efficient than comparable blend devices. As in the cased of the 1-D patterned bilayer devices, the radiation patterns of these periodically structured devices have been investigated and exhibit non-Lambertian behaviour perpendicular to the patterned directions. Both the 1-D patterned bilayer and 1- and 2-D self-organised blend device structures have been modelled to allow the observed optical behaviour to be accounted for. The results show that the increases in efficiency and the non-Lambertian radiation patterns are due to the periodic structures coupling light trapped within the organic-anode layers out of the devices in the forward direction without altering the device characteristics.
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Yazdanbakhsh, Karina. "Structure and regulation of the human neurofilament light chain gene." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375926.
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Richter, Martin Friedrich. "Symmetry matters for the electronic structure of light harvesting complexes /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990403033/04.
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Gan, Fanqi 1967. "Electronic structure and light emission from erbium centers in silicon." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11592.
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Oropeza, Palacio Freddy Enrique. "Electronic structure of TiO2-based photocatalysts active under visible light." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dec3cf2c-f14b-40b1-b85a-c0c09d04d15b.
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This thesis is concerned with furthering our understanding of the basis of visible region photocatalytic activity exhibited by doped TiO2-based materials. A range of experimental techniques including high resolution X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy are used to investigate electronic structure and an attempt is made to link these results to the observed photocatalytic activity. Both anionic (N) and cationic (Rh and Sn) dopants are investigated. [See pdf file for full abstract].
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Osabe, Hirokazu. "Quantitative Structure-Activity Studies of Light-dependent Herbicidal Pyridone-Carboxanilides." Kyoto University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/85053.
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Astachov, Vladimir. "Tailoring the structure of nanomaterials formed by light-induced synthesis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49994/.
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A light is an energy portion that plays a very important role in nature. A light particle or photon can be absorbed, scattered or reflected. In some cases, light can greatly influence the formation of a crystal and guide its growth into hierarchical nano or microstructure. This work explores the light-induced synthesis of nanomaterials (Au, Ag, CdS, ZnO) and light-induced polymer nanostructuration. This way of synthesizing nanomaterials is compared to other known routes. The main advantage of the synthesis method presented here is its ability to be used for water-based reactions at room temperature. This method can be applied to most water-based syntheses. In this work, results have been compared with template-assisted synthesis for Ag, CdS, and Au. The ZnO light-induced synthesis was used and compared to the hydrothermal ZnO synthesis method. First, the effect of light over the synthesis of ZnO, Ag and semiconducting polymer P3HT and its mixture with PC[70]BM is demonstrated. The main results from this work include that computer-assisted light control systems might provide a shape-selective synthesis of nano/microstructures at room temperature. Also, light-assisted synthesis provides crystal growth without the use of a capping agent or polymer template. Morphology control of polymer-monomer mixture is demonstrated which was achieved using Red and Blue LEDs. It was found that Red light increased the diameter of the voids in polymer films while on the contrary blue light decreased it. For ease of comparison, the mixed solvent study was carried out on the same polymers. The change of electrostatic interaction reflected on the change of the morphology of the polymer films. Templated Ag nanostructure synthesis was also performed showing different results when in the presence of light structures are more uniform and have VII higher surface area. The work also demonstrates template-assisted synthesis of CdS quantum dots. The use of PPI type dendrimer showed that self-assembly of CdS quantum dots in a nanofiber is achievable at room temperature. Au nanostructures were synthesized using another organic template oleic acid. Synthesis results showed unusual Au nanoparticle morphologies. Finally, low-power light was shown to influence the nanostructure synthesis and structuration at room temperature. The main effect was the change in the shape due to the vibration of water molecules. Water absorbs light mostly on the infrared region and very little in the visible range. Due to the low absorbance of visible light by water, it required longer time intervals in order to achieve the changes in morphology of the ZnO or Ag structures. Reaction time has been proven to be an important factor in lightmatter interaction. In this work, AFM, SEM, UV-vis, PL, NMR and TEM were used for the characterisation of materials synthesized at room temperature.
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Milford, Mark Ian. "Biosynthesis, properties and structure of phytochrome photoreceptors from cyanobacteria." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368067.
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Gaiko, Jennifer Lynn. "Rose Windows: A Bridge Between Heaven And Earth." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78253.
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The rose window is a bridge between heaven and earth, a spiritual encounter, and an expression from within to allow the love of joy. Ornament and beauty are the adoration of light. Layers of composition and layers of light allow form to follow feeling through the structural repetition and thought of light as a material itself.Master of Architecture
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Jiang, Mingzhen. "A Bath House in Suzhou, China." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93255.
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The thesis is about an urban bathhouse in Suzhou, China that explores the relationship of the time honored traditions with modern customs and building techniques.
Traditional bath house in memory is always crowded, confined, dim and toneless. The project seeks a new possibility for a modern bath house by studying the structural order and light quality, to make the bath house not only a place for body hygiene, but also a place for mind relaxation and rejuvenation.Master of Architecture
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Haneder, Stephan. "Correlation Between Electronic Structure and Light Emission Properties in Phosphorescent Emitters." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-110988.
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Little, William Robert. "Structure of, and light emission in, matrix-free Germanium quantum dots." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8954.
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The connection between light emission and structure of Germanium nanoparticles (3-10 nm) prepared by top-down (etching) and bottom-up (sol-gel and colloidal synthesis) has been investigated using Raman spectroscopy, TEM, x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), x-ray di raction (XRD), and photoluminescence (PL). It was found that TEM, Raman spectroscopy, PL, and XRD techniques all result in di ering values for the nanoparticle size which don't all agree in the limit of experimental error. Several structural models have been proposed and tested by high pressure Raman measurements. It was found that a Raman peak corresponding to diamond-type Ge structure is observed well above the transition pressure of both amorphous ( six GPa) and crystalline ( 11 GPa) Ge. The pressure dependence of the Raman signal peak position was observed to follow an unexpected non-linear shift with a corresponding increase in peak width (FWHM). Possible structural origins of these trends have been investigated by adapting the widely used phonon con nement model to high pressure conditions and comparing experimental data with the model behaviour under assumptions of constant, and size-dependent bulk modulus. Considered collectively with the ambient structural data, the results of the analysis of the high pressure behaviour point to the phenomenon of gradual surface induced amorphisation under pressure in matrix-free Ge nanoparticles. The best structural model to describe this is a core-shell with the small crystalline core and a disordered surface layer. The local structure of samples was investigated using XAS, while opticallydetected XAS, using x-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL), was used to link structure with optical emission. The emission was found to depend on surface termination; in oxygen terminated nanoparticles the oxide rich regions are responsi- 4 ble for light emission, while in their hydrogen terminated counterparts' pure Ge regions contribute to the luminescence. Furthermore, with the aid of molecular dynamics simulations it was shown that in hydrogen-terminated samples, optical emission is due to a topologically disordered (amorphous) region close to the surface of the nanoparticles. We demonstrated that OD-XAS can potentially provide subnanoparticle resolution due to its sensitivity to the light emitting sites in a sample. We further investigated the microscopic origins of such sensitivity and identi ed possible limitations. This work clearly demonstrates that a combination of methods sensitive to short-range and long-range structure are required for comprehensive characterisation of nanoscale systems.
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Meng, Han. "Using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for vegetation vertical structure studies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707992.
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Figueroa, Michael. "Dynamic Analysis of a Light Wood-Framed Structure during Fire Conditions." Digital WPI, 2016. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/777.
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The purpose of this project is to create a theoretical dynamic analysis model to assess the dynamic response of light, wood-framed structures before and after fire conditions. This information is useful for predicting the damage to structural integrity due to a fire. The mass and stiffness matrices used for the dynamic model are derived from a standard residential building created for an existing project at WPI funded through the DHS/FEMA/USFA Assistance to Firefighters Grant program. The damping matrix is derived via the Rayleigh Damping Method using the mass and stiffness matrices obtained through SAP. Then, theoretical impact forces are applied to the developed dynamic model, and the acceleration response is estimated using Matlab. Both acceleration time history and frequency responses are used as the evaluation method. Finally, the dynamic model is integrated with a fire simulation model to investigate the impact of fire conditions on dynamic responses of residential buildings. The results show that frequencies can shift due to the structural degradation due to fire.
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Gipstein, David L. (David Lawrence). "Interpreting structure through intuition : a light rail campus crossing in Seattle." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66340.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1992.Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-148).
Common to all people is some degree of intuition into aspects of the natural physical laws by which we are bound to The earth. To a large degree This intuitive sensitivity is grounded in our visual registration of the horizon and in The inescapable rooting of ourselves and our structures in gravity. Whether we realize it or not, in some capacity we continually experience, either physically or visually, aspects of These natural structural phenomenon. Ultimately, the subconscious and sometimes conscious registration of These observations and experiences, provides an intuitive basis by which we interpret and understand structure and form. While observing architecture, we both intuitively and rationally respond to The expression of structure within the design. Depending on The extent of structural expression and clarity, we may consequently respond at a rational or conscious level, interpreting meaning in The structure and The design. At These points, where The structure transcends its fundamental purpose of resolving the gravitational forces to The ground, the structure expresses The ideas and spirits driving The design. It is my contention that through a clear understanding of the qualities and intentions of the design, and Attention structural consideration and attention to detail at an intuitive level, structure can ultimately be interpreted and understood at an intuitive level. As a means of exploring this subject, I have selected this design of a Light Rail Station as the project, primarily due to the dominant structural requirements of rail stations in general.
by David L. Gipstein.
M.Arch.
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Piskun, Nadezhda. "Morphology and structure control of luminescence in light-emitting conjugated polymers." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343233394.
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Stauffer, Robin James. "A comparative analysis of the Army Special Forces support structure to the Infantry Division (Light) support structure." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA243708.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Moore, Thomas F. Second Reader: Sturm, Mark. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 29, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Logistics Support, Battalion Level Organizations, Army Personnel, Combat Support, Infantry, Efficiency, Theses, Nodes, Planning, Command And Control Systems, Supports, Division Level Organizations, Army, Army Operations, Unconventional Warfare, Channels, Organizations. DTIC Identifier(s): Special Operations Forces, Command And Control Systems, Army Operations, Combat Services Support, Logistics Management, Special Operations Support Command, Light Infantry Divisions, Military Organizations, Theses. Author(s) subject terms: Army Special Operations Forces, ARSOF, Combat Services Support, CSS, Logistics, Special Operations Support Command, SOSCOM. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-118). Also available in print.
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Huková, Martina. "Stavebně technologická příprava prodejny Smart Light v Bratislavě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392005.
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The main subject of this diploma thesis is elaboration of construction and technological preparation for the main structure of the Smart Light shop in Bratislava. For main structure has been processed time schedule of the construction, single item budget, machine configuration design, drawing of building site, coordination situation of the building with connection to the infrastructure, safety and health protection during work on building site. Part of the thesis is processing study of main construction technological parts. Diploma thesis in technological prescript focuses on implementation of floor structure with cast epoxy walking surface. There has been elaborated testing and quality plan of this technological part. Additional chapter approximates built-in technology – cooling ceiling structure. For elaboration of this diploma thesis were used programs AutoCAD, CONTEC, BuildPowerS, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word.
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Battaglia, Michael Anthony. "The Influence of Overstory Structure on Understory Light Availability in a Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) Forest." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35411.
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Understory light environments are inherently heterogeneous and therefore difficult to characterize. Numerous methods to measure understory light have been assessed in closed-canopied forests; however, the reliability of these methods has not been addressed for open-canopied forests. Therefore, the first objective of this study, presented in Chapter 3, was to test the accuracy and precision of various light measurement techniques at different time scales and sky conditions. The methods assessed performed differently depending on the sky condition and time of year when the sample was taken. To estimate annual photosynthetic photon flux density transmittance (annual %PPFD), the use of a 10-minute average of PPFD measured on an overcast day (%PPFDovercast) was effective, but accuracy decreased with decreasing solar altitude (ie season change). Hemispherical photographs used to estimate weighted canopy openness and gap fraction were effective methods, but gap light index (GLI) also derived from hemispherical photographs performed better. Accuracy of daily %PPFD estimates using %PPFDovercast, weighted canopy openness, and gap fraction were strongly affected by solar altitude and sky condition. Gap light index was very effective in estimating daily %PPFD for all sky conditions and time periods. The second objective of this study, presented in Chapter 4, was to characterize the relationship between canopy structure and spatial distribution of light by using three replicates of one uncut treatment and three harvest treatments: single tree, small gap (0.1 ha), and large gap (0.2 ha). Each harvest retained similar residual basal area but with different spatial patterns of the residuals, ranging from uniformly dispersed (single tree) to different degrees of aggregation (small and large gap). Average stand level light availability increased 12-22% when the same residual basal area of trees was distributed in clusters versus a uniform distribution. The variation of light availability increased as stands became more aggregated and larger amounts of the variation was explained by the spatial pattern of the canopy structure. Spatial autocorrelation range was twice as large in the small gap harvest then the other harvest treatments. It is suggested that seedling growth response to these differences in spatial patterns of light may differ between the different harvests.Master of Science
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Huang, Ming-Yuan, and 黃名源. "Study of flexible organic light-emitting diodes with internal light extraction structure." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6u82jx.
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碩士國立中山大學
光電工程學系研究所
103
In this study, we fabricated flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with internal light extraction structure by using the plastic substrate with AR250 light extraction structure (i.e. PET AR250) provided by ITRI. Anodes fabrication and design of OLED device structure are optimized so that the optical losses inside the flexible OLEDs with internal light extraction structure are minimized and light extraction efficiency of the OLEDs are enhanced. The study was divided into three stages: 1. The transmittance and morphology of PET AR250 were measured and studied. 2. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and conductive polymeric material (PEDOT:PSS) were sputter-deposited and spin coated onto PET AR250 substrates respectively at room temperature. The transmittance, morphology and sheet resistance of the PET AR250 substrates covered by ITO and PEDOT:PSS respectively were measured and studied. And then, design and fabrication of ITO and PEDOT:PSS anodes were performed. 3. The optimized standard blue and white OLED device structures were chosen to fabricate blue and white flexible OLEDs with internal light extraction structure. The opto-electrical properties of the devices were measured and studied. Finally, we successfully fabricated blue and white flexible OLEDs with internal light extraction structure with ITO anode and PEDOT:PSS anode respectively. Significantly, the white flexible OLEDs with internal light extraction structure with ITO anode and PEDOT:PSS anode have outstanding light extraction efficiency, which increase the external quantum efficiency (EQE) by 27.8% and 12.3% compared to white OLEDs on PET substrates with ITO and PEDOT:PSS anodes at 1000cd/m2 respectively. We also proposed various methods to improve light extraction efficiency of OLEDs.
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Hong, Bo-Syun, and 洪伯勳. "UV-C Light Emitting Diodes with Porous n-AlGaN Light Scattering Structure." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fz8h37.
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碩士國立中興大學
材料科學與工程學系所
106
The porous AlGaN UV-C LED with high Al content used to enhance the UV-C light extraction efficiency (LEE) was demonstrated in this study. P-type GaN doped with Mg in order to increase the hole carries results in the absorption of UV-C cause the low LEE in UV-C devices. Flip chip process always apply to UV-C LED because of the backward light extraction through the n-AlGaN. By the pre-doped Si and selective electrochemical wet etching process, the n-AlGaN was transfer from bulk to porous structure. With the 213 nm laser stimulated, the PL center wavelength shift from 272.75 nm to 274.82 nm, FWHM narrow from 8.02 nm to 10.14 nm. By measuring the power of the 213 nm laser reflected by the sample, the 213 nm laser would be absorbed and caused the lower PL intensity by the porous. In the power dependent PL measurement, similar peak wavelength and FWHM (shift less than 1 nm) was observed in high power density (0.2~1.42 W/cm2). Porous structure UV-C LED enhanced the EL intensity about 24%, with the center wavelength shift from 286.53 nm to 286.82 nm and the FWHM narrow from 10.15 nm to 9.96 nm. The IQE (80 K) of non-treated and porous structure UV-C LED was calculated 15.9% and 32.6%, respectively. In the measurement of far field radiation patter with alpha-BBO Glan-laser polarizer, the porous structure increases the light extraction of TE mode in normal direction and TM mode in all direction. The porous structure in UV-C LED enhanced the light extraction efficiency without large difference in peak wavelength and FWHM. Porous structure AlGaN UV-C LED increased the light extraction contribution of TM mode in normal direction.
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Hsieh, Yu-Yang, and 謝育揚. "Crashworthiness Analysis of Light Sport Aircraft Structure." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23497003636126114477.
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碩士淡江大學
航空太空工程學系碩士班
98
Science and technology are processing with era. The controllability performance on the aircraft is much better than before, but it still hard to avoid human error or mechanical breakdown, etc. This research of crashworthiness is one of an important issue of how can we approve the percentage of survival in the accident. This research takes the aviation accidents in Taiwan as an example of light-sport aircraft; explain the importance of crashworthiness of aircraft. Recently, most research of crashworthiness are mainly discuss about large civil aircraft, barley discuss about small civil aircraft. Because of the market demand on the small civil aircraft increase in the future, the demand of security must improve. This research regards STOL CH701 structural of airframes as samples, using software of finite element─HyperMesh and LS-DYNA to simulate and analysis the structure on dynamic test, to build the relationship between flying speed, impact angle and structural strength. This research is proving that reliability of the simulate dynamic test based on the AGATE report data that shows the possibility velocity and angle that passenger may survive in the accident, and the stalling speed which follows ASTM standard then analyzing, respectively. Further more, we use different angle to run the simulation test, and built the relationship between velocity, angle and the cockpit reducing rate of the light sport aircraft. Besides we set up the cockpit reducing rate as 15%, to find out the safety zone between the velocity and angle.
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Su, Kuen-Cheng, and 蘇坤成. "Design of Edge-Side Light Guide Structure." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84821867390490707572.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
機械工程系
96
The backlight module for medium or small-sized LCD is mostly uses LED lamps. A backlight module usually arranges several LED’s, which separately locate at side of a light guide plate (LGP). Since a LED radiates at some certain angle, causing non-uniform illuminating at the entrance and poor light guiding of LGP. Engineers mostly amended simulation parameters by rule of thumb on the design of the backlight module, to find the best light-guide structures and factors. The research aims at developing V-cut structure design on entrance-side of LGP. It built mathematical model of distribution and illumination on entrance-site of LGP. And SPEOS which is optical soft-ware simulation was proposed ray-tracing mathematical model. The results of mathematical calculation and soft-ware simulation modeling were compared to find that V-cut angle of 60° is optimal in the uniformity for the entrance of LED source; V-cut angle of 80° has proper distribution uniformity on the boundary between two LEDs and the dark area is shorten.
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Ye, Ze-Ting, and 葉子廷. "Structure Light 3D High-Speed Measurement System." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95931126343203018313.
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碩士國立中正大學
光機電整合工程所
96
This paper develops a three dimension high-speed measurement system based on structured light. The traditional measurement technique must capture plenty images, and algorithm process is also relatively complication. Therefore it will waste a lot of time to reconstruct objects. If we can fast reconstruct object three dimension surface data, it will promote the efficiency of product design and manufacture. Thus, it is very important to capture a few images and to complete high accuracy measurement technique. This system is composed of a LCD projector and a CCD camera. At First phase shift pattern is generated by a PC and is projected onto the object by a projector, and then CCD camera synchronized with the projector is used to capture the images. Three step phase shifting algorithm is used to calculate phase wrapping and phase unwrapping, and obtain the phase difference between reference plane and object surface. The measured phase difference contains the height information of the measured object. In order to convert phase difference to height, the system uses a mapping function algorithm to obtain object three dimension coordinates. At last, the system measures standard elements and analyzes precision and stability. Then we use ICP registration technique to integrate several data.
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Silva, Luis Filipe Santos Pereira Fernandes da. "Shedding light on miRNA targeting through structure." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/29427.
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In miRNAs, it is known that seed pairing is an important parameter for targeting, but there are still missing links on why it targets a certain mRNA and how the decision between degradation or translation repression is made.
In our work, we use liquid state NMR spectroscopy, EMSA and UV melting experiments to biophysically characterise the complex of miRNA-34a with the target mRNA of CD44 and PNUTS. Here we present the NMR sample preparation as well as the first steps for the biophysical description of the mRNA.miRNA complexes.
Our EMSA data suggests both miRNA.mRNA complexes are transient and miRNA.gCD44 possibility has a higher Kd then miRNA.PNUTS. Through NMR miRNA.PNUTS complex was deemed more structurally dynamic, yet interestingly with UV melting it had a higher Tm then miRNA.gCD44 complex. Finally, we also performed several simulations on several different mRNA targets with MCFold unveiling a kink on the mRNA as a structural trend which could be a necessity for docking of the duplex into Ago.
Still further studies must be conducted in order to solve the structures of both duplexes in study and a bigger population of simulated structures must be collected.
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周昆儀. "Long Lifetime Candle Light-style Organic Light Emitting Diode Based on Tandem Structure." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7pvsa8.
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Tseng, Chin-An, and 曾慶安. "Research on Advanced Organic Light-Emitting Devices Structure." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50392939225684429956.
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碩士臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
95
In this thesis, we study the degradation phenomena in a mixed-host (MH) organic light-emitting device (OLED) by using ultra-thin probe method. We observed spectral shift and then stable during the aging process, which results from materials decay. Non-uniform materials degradation with time at different positions of the MH emitting layer (EML) is observed by using photoluminescence measurement to define the intrinsic decay of materials. The decay rate exhibits similar trends to the recombination distribution in the MH-EML, which means degradation is a heat-assisted process. Besides, we used a novel material, 1,1''-bis(2-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-5-yl) ferrocene (Fe-OXD), as electron transport layer (ETL) material which reduces the turn-on voltage by 2.2V at the current density 25mA/cm2 as compared to the conventional OLED. ETL and hole-transport layer materials are used as the host of the EML in a red phosphorescent, which shows a high efficiency of 14.3cd/A and a 2.5V lower driving voltage at 14mA/cm2.
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Chen, Wei-an, and 陳偉安. "High Efficiency Light Pipe with Optical Structure Design." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62335495606241532446.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
光電工程研究所
100
In today's green buildings, there are several ways of using solar energy for lighting, one of which is to use a patio for direct lighting. Another is to use a Natural Light Guiding System to transmit Natural light for lighting applications. Using patio lighting will make a green building's structure restricted. Moreover, the Natural Light Guiding System uses fiber optics, which are not easy to use and not cheap, to transmit lighting. In order to improve the situation above, this paper comes up with a new Natural Light Guiding System, which inclues at least one optical lens and a peripheral light pipe. In this study, the optical lens can achieve a better optical effect by means of coating or adhesive anti-reflective membrane and the use of a peripheral light pipe with a reflective coating or adhesive membrane. To enhance the efficiency of natural light transmission, we utilize the optical lens properties to guide the sunlight into parallel steams for focused transmission in the light pipe. This design allows this lighting transmitter system to be modular. In this way, it can be modified to match various types of construction. The basic module allows light transmission efficiency as high as 82.097%.
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Hsiao, Chi-Hung, and 蕭棋煌. "White-Light Interferometric Techniques in Micro-Structure Measurement." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63331059519940085139.
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碩士清雲科技大學
機械工程研究所
94
With the progress of nanometer technology, the traditional 2D profilometry techniques are unable to satisfy the accurate measurement and demands; thus, the demands of nanometer 3D full-filed measurement for surface metrology are gradually increasing. Because the white-light interferometry has the characteristics of short coherent and nanometer precision in vertical resolution, this paper presents a white light interferometry system with excellent lateral resolution and long depth field measure capacity. This system is composed of an optical microscope and a 20x mirau objective lens. The specifications of the system have 140μm x 130μm in measurement area, 0.2μm x 0.3μm in lateral resolution, 100μm in vertical scanning range and 4.3nm in vertical resolution. The white-light interferometry measuring ability is strongly affected by the surfaces reflection of specimens; hence, three samples including one rough calibration specimen(Model SS-NS94/ No. N20674 /Ra 3.0μm) with the double corrugated surface, the low reflection specimen and the high contrast one were adopted in this research to discuss the measuring ability of the white-light interferometry in different surface attributes. In this article, according to the optimization parameters for enhancing image capture system sensitivity, and use signal processes, amplitude modulation technologies, the vertical scanning interferometry and phase-shifting interferometry algorisms, finally the topography could be reconstructed. In addition, the results were compared with the commercial instruments, Talysurf CCI 6000 and Chroma Model 7502, and it showed that this system has excellent lateral resolution and optimization signal processes and is able to measure the samples topography characteristics.
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Tseng, Chin-An. "Research on Advanced Organic Light-Emitting Devices Structure." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-3007200711493900.
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Xu, Siqi. "A novel ultra-light structure for radiation shielding." 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03112008-142944/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Tsou, Po-Hung, and 鄒博閎. "GaN Light-Emitting Diodes with direction nanoporous structure." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z4478n.
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碩士國立中興大學
材料科學與工程學系所
106
In this thesis, a gallium nitride light-emitting diode with a nano-porous structure is fabricated by epitaxy of Si-doped GaN which under the LED active layer. First, a scribe line with a depth of about 10 μm was fabricated in the non-luminous area by means of surface cutting in the technique of laser cutting,the epitaxial layer of Si-doped GaN which above sapphire is exposed on the side of the LED die,that is the electrochemical etching of the target area, etching of n+-GaN doping Si epitaxial layer by electrochemical etching process,the principle of this electrochemical etching is mainly that nitric acid is used for etching GaN doping Si in the epitaxial layer,let us successfully in the gallium nitride light-emitting diode region below the active layer to produce highly reflective nanoporous structure, This structure can effectively reduce the optical loss of light absorbed by the material before it escapes the LED. Using the method of this paper to produce nanoporous (stacking by GaN / Air) mirrors in a GaN LED,which structure because of it is large difference in refractive index,the principle is the same as making a Bragg reflector (DBR) under the active layer, so you can get a better reflectivity and then improve the luminous intensity. The application of green gallium nitride light emitting diodes, this study found that LED light characteristics Of the measurement, including Photoluminescence 、 Electroluminescence and Beam profile have an upward trend, In the future, this process technology can improve the development of GaN LED luminous characteristics will have great potential.
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Hsien, Tso Chun, and 卓俊賢. "Innovative Design of Parabolic Reflector Light Guiding Structure." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v759px.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
95
Due to the idea of everlasting green architecture, it is of increasing importance to guild natural light into indoors. The advantages are multifold – to have better color rendering index, excellent energy savings from environments viewpoints and make humans more healthy ,etc. Our search is to design an innovative structure, to convert outdoor sun light impinges on larger surfaces, into near linear light beam sources, later convert this light beam into near point sources which enters the indoor spaces then can be used as lighting sources indoors. We are not involved with the opto-electrical transformation, to the guild light into to the building, to perform the illumination, as well as the imaging function. Because non-imaging optics, well known for apply to the solar concentrators, that can use non-imaging structures to fulfill our needs, which can also be used as energy collectors in solar energy devices. Here, we had designed a pair of large and small parabolic reflector, which can be used to collect daylight and change it’s area from large to small. Then we had made a light-guide system that had been designed by us use of this parabolic reflector to guide the collection light, can pick up the performance for large surface source change to near linear source, which when daylight through our structure design. At last,we had set an equal structure to receive this near linear source, which fit in with the size of the near linear source, then can pick up the performance for near linear source change to near point source.
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YU, CHIA-CHEN, and 游家志. "Enhancement of light extraction efficiency in organic light emitting diodes with WO3 micro/nano structure." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v33wkv.
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碩士國立中正大學
物理系研究所
104
We present a new, simple method to improve internal light out coupling of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) by incorporating the micro- and nano- islands or network structures in the device. These structures were fabricated by a self-assembly technique based on the deliquescence of Cesium Chloride (CsCl) salt. The size and type of structures can be controlled by varying the CsCl film thickness, relative humidity, developing time and temperature. The fabricated structures can be used as a mask to transfer to Tungsten trioxide (WO3) hole injection layer by using thermal evaporation deposition. The light emitting performance of the WO3 patterned OLEDs was investigated. The maximum improvement of luminance efficiency of the WO3 patterned OLEDs can reach up to 76% for islands structures and 92% for networks structures compared with an unpatterned OLED.
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Huang, Ping-wei, and 黃秉緯. "Improved Light Output Power of Light-Emitting Diodes by Mirror Structure and Surface Roughening Process." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85524370992251504889.
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博士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程學系
98
The primary objective of this dissertation is to improve the light output power of light-emitting diodes by mirror structure and surface roughening Process. Effect of thermal annealing of the reflectivity of ITO/Ag mirror during wafer bonding process has been investigated. We presented a new structure of mirror to improve the reflectivity and also the output power of the vertical GaN-based LEDs could be improved. In the experiments of surface roughening process, the p-GaP and n-AlGaInP surface of the AlGaInP-based LEDs would be roughened by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) dry etching and /or chemical wet etching. In addition, the effect of the etching pattern and etching depth on the characteristics of the LEDs would be discussed. In general, GaN epitaxial layers were grown on sapphire substrates. The LEDs epitaxial layer would then transferred to the Si substrate by wafer bonding, since the thermal conductivity of the sapphire is lower than Si. A metal layer usually added between the LEDs and transferred substrate as mirror to avoid the absorption of the generated photons by substrate. In previous studies, because of the high reflectivity, Ag usually was used to serve as mirror layer. And the ITO was used as ohmic contact layer on LEDs. In our experiment, the Ag atoms would diffuse into ITO layer and agglomerated after wafer bonding process. This would decrease the reflectivity of the ITO/Ag mirror. However, the new mirror structure with Ni thin film (2 nm) between interface of the ITO and Ag could improve the reflectivity after the same bonding process. Consequently, comparing with the ITO/Ag mirror, the new mirror structure could enhance the light intensity 87.3% under a 20-mA forward injection current. For the AlGaInP-based LED, vertical AlGaInP-based LED epitaxial films are successfully fabricated on a Si substrate using wafer bonding technology. Furthermore, the new structures of AlGaInP-based LEDs with single (p-GaP) and double roughened (p-GaP and n-AlGaInP) surfaces are fabricated by chemical wet etching and ICP dry etching technologies. It is found that the light output power of the single and double surface-roughened AlGaInP-based LED chips is 2 and 2.56 times higher than that of the conventional AlGaInP-based LEDs (flat p-GaP and n-AlGaInP layer) at an injection current of 20 mA, respectively. Finally, the effects of the different etching-patterns and the etching-depth on the optical and electrical characteristics of the surface-roughened AlGaInP-based LEDs will be investigated.
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Li, Wen-Ren, and 李文仁. "3D Image System Based on Structure Light Triangulation Principle." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86429982490388208873.
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Cheng, Kai-Hung, and 鄭凱鴻. "Design of LED Light-Source Structure for Direct Backlight." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64276906957195429341.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
97
The purpose of this thesis is mainly to design a novel light-source structure to change the Lambertian-like radiation distribution of the light emitting diode (LED) into a uniform distribution and then to apply it to a large scale direct backlight module. This LED light-source structure includes a bare LED and a rectangular 3D structure, which has a small semi-spherical cave at the center of the bottom, so that a uniform distribution of light rays emitted from the LED light source can be obtained via refraction, reflection, and total internal reflection. The use of the light-source structure to a backlight module can achieve the requirement of the brightness uniformity even without a diffuser sheet, and thus the product cost can be reduced. For better performance of the proposed light-source structure, a genetic algorithm is also employed to find the optimum parameters of the structure so that the optimal brightness uniformity of the backlight module can be achieved. The simulation results show that the brightness uniformity of 94.75% and the whole optical efficiency of 72.29% can be obtained for a 46-inch backlight module.
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Su, Yu-Lun, and 蘇郁倫. "Silicon based nano-structure field emission light emitting device." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75876755704016265611.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
92
Abstract In this thesis, we develop the silicon based metal nano-pillar structure and silicon dry etching nano-pillar structure. Then use the phosphor and vacuum system to make the main field emission display(FED) device. In my experience the silicon wafer is coated a metal thin film and spin coated the nano-particle. Then I add voltage on the device to produce the nano-pillar structure on the thin metal film over the silicon. This method is quick and the process is easy. I also measured its conditions to understand the factor of the forming of the nano-pillar. Spin coating the nano-particle on the silicon wafer is another method. I use the dry etching method to make the nano-pillar structure on silicon wafer. The condition is easy to control and it has uniform dry etching surface. Then I put the completed nano-device and the ITO glass coated by phosphor together, then put them into the vacuum system, I add the voltage to emit the electrons. We find that the uniform of nano-particle will effect the nano-pillar structure and the phenomenon of field emission. At last I find the disadvantages of the field emission device and find the improvements. I use the photo mask lithography process to protect the nano-pillar structure, and measure the spectrum of the device. We find the field emission efficiency and the conditions of voltage and current, etc. I also bring up some improvements to overcome the problems.
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Lin, Hsuan-Yi, and 林軒邑. "3D Print Micro-scale structure by Digital Light Processing." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wj45p4.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
機械工程學研究所
105
The technology of 3D Printing has been well-developed in recent years. To print micro-scale structure, the TPP (Two-photon Polymerization) is the only feasible production technology for nanostructure but it requires the most expensive equipments. The micro-electromechanical system for producing micro-scale structure is also a well-defined technique. However, owing to the limitation of Reticle-Mask, it is considerably challenged for structure designing. The main issue of this article is to research on how to use the DLP (Digital Light Processing) Vat Polymerization to print micro-scale structure. The business DLP projector is adopted and its lens has been adjusted to fit the microscope to shrinkage the image. Furthermore, the study discusses the following variables that influence the production procedure, including different DB composition, exposure time and cutting thickness. My study intends to find a cost-efficient DLP technology that simulates the effect of micro-scale structure by using TPP technology and maintains the privilege to print larger micro-scale structure in a higher rate. By using MATLAB software to analyze and experiment, it has been decided to use the hex honeycomb structure model and gradually reduce the size of the structure from 150μm to 20μm. The edge length of 23μm is successfully printed to be a penetrable structure. Finally, 3-point bending test is used to compare the influences of different parameters.