Journal articles on the topic 'Light Curtains'
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Matsangas, Panagiotis, Nita Shattuck, and Heather Clifton. "289 Rack curtains improve sailors’ sleeping conditions in berthing compartments of the United States Navy (USN) ships." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.288.
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Abstract Introduction Ambient light is one of the primary factors affecting sailor sleep in berthing compartments on USN ships. Each “rack” (i.e., bunk) has a curtain, however, intended only for privacy. Current rack curtain specifications do not address light-blocking properties. We assessed the effects of replacing existing, standard rack curtains with enhanced rack curtains that provide superior light-blocking in the sleeping environment. Methods Longitudinal (~2 weeks), naturalistic observation of sailors (N=52; 41 enlisted personnel) on a USN destroyer during deployment. The standard curtain was used for one week followed by one week with the enhanced light-blocking curtain. Sleep-related attributes (Epworth Sleepiness Scale–ESS, Insomnia Severity Index–ISI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index–PSQI) were assessed at the end of each week. Actigraphy and rack temperature data (both inside and outside the rack) were collected throughout the study. Results are presented as median±median absolute deviation. Results Participants slept on average 6.8±1.0 hours/day. ESS scores improved with decreases from 9.0±3.0 with standard curtains to 7.0±3.0 with the enhanced curtains (p=0.020). Sailors with normal daytime sleepiness improved from 33 (63.5%) with standard curtains to 40 (76.9%) with the enhanced curtains. ISI scores decreased from 11.0±3.0 to 8.0±2.0 in the two conditions (p<0.001). The number of Sailors with ISI scores ≥15 decreased from 11 (21.2%) with standard curtains to 8 (13.5%) with the enhanced curtains (p=0.103). PSQI scores (8.0±2.0), however, did not change between the control and the intervention periods (p=0.527). Preliminary analysis showed that, compared to outside the rack, temperature inside the rack was slightly warmer on average with new curtains (~1 °F; p=0.096). Conclusion Our results suggest that the enhanced curtains reduced average daytime sleepiness and severity of insomnia symptoms. A greater difference in rack temperature with the enhanced curtains was observed; however, this may be attributed to the ship sailing in southern latitudes during the intervention period. Ongoing analysis will provide more insight on the utility of the enhanced curtains and their efficacy in improving sleeping conditions. Support (if any) Supported by the Naval Medical Research Center’s Advanced Medical Development Program, the US Navy 21st Century Sailor Office, and the US Navy OPNAV N1.
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Muhammad Dzikri Maulana Syafa’at and Yulia Bherlinda. "Automatic Curtain Design With LDR And IR Sensors at The BAPPENDA Kebumen." Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik) 5, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v5i1.430.
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The Regional Revenue Management Agency of Kebumen Regency is a government agency that manages regional revenue in Kebumen Regency. The design of automatic curtains is expected to make it easier for office employees to use the facilities. This automatic curtain uses a flow chart and programming logic in designing programs for the light intensity of the IR sensor and the LDR sensor as an automatic curtain indicator using a remote. The design of the automatic curtain consists of an IR sensor and an LDR sensor as input, Arduino UNO as a processor, Relay as a component that transmits commands from the Arduino UNO to the motor, and motor as the output of this project. Automatic curtains at BAPEDA Kebumen can make it easier for employees to use office facilities to make them more durable, more comfortable, and more effective during working hours or on holidays because of the automatic curtain system that has been made.
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Yang, Jiu Hong. "Design of Light Control Curtain System in Smart Home." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 1243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.1243.
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To make a building structure beautiful and obtain a good daylighting, the windows become more and more big. It is inconvenience for the opening and closing of the bigger curtain. The frame structure of automatic control curtain is designed and manufactured, as well as DC motor drive, light detection, preventing over-wind, curtain position detection circuit. The corresponding control programs realize the automatic control function of curtain. Automatic curtain system contains three kinds of mode. Manual mode is the basic function of automatic curtain system. The wireless remote control function provides convenience for the user to control the opening and closing of curtain. Automatic light sensor model realizes the automatic control of curtain, according to the brightness of the light. The sensitivity of light sensor can be adjusted by artificial to make the customer satisfied. The open degree of curtain can be manual adjusted to meet the requirements of the various length of the curtain. The system is simple and practical. Its energy consumption and cost is low. As a part of the smart home, the system is suitable for opening and closing control of the curtains and provides the convenience for people's daily lives.
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Chen, Wei Lai, Ding Hong Yi, Lin Yan Wan, and Hui Fang Li. "Effects of Insolation on Optical Properties of Tricot Invisible Curtain." Advanced Materials Research 790 (September 2013): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.790.102.
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In order to analyze the optical properties of different dyeing invisible curtain after long time insolation in xenon arc lamp which stimulated realistic sunlight conditions. Four different light color dyeing (yellow,blue,purple,and peach )Tricot Invisible Curtains were selected. The color and the optical properties,including the light transmittance and reflectance of the technical face and back side of samples in the ultraviolet and visible band, were tested and analyzed.The results showed that the color of all samples had different degree of fading after insolation, the anti-ultraviolet and transmittance properties were improved. The light-admitting and privacy-keeping functions of samples can keep stable after long time insolation and yellow sample keep the best performance of anti-peep properties.
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Wei, Le, An Gu, Zhimou Guo, Junjie Ding, Gaowa Jin, and Yong Lei. "An Integrated Study on the Fading Mechanism of Malachite Green Industrial Dye for the Marquisette Curtain in the Studio of Cleansing Fragrance, the Palace Museum (Beijing)." Molecules 27, no. 14 (July 9, 2022): 4411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144411.
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Historical marquisette curtains were composed of lightweight fabrics, woven in an open-mesh and leno-type weave, usually made of silk, and found in Qing imperial buildings. As panel curtains, they were exposed to light, and so underwent fading. This study investigated the manufacturing technology and fading mechanism of dyed marquisette fabric from the Studio of Cleansing Fragrance, the Palace Museum (Beijing). The technological aspects were identified. The types of weave, fiber, and adhesive used to fix the curtain to the wooden frame were identified through microscopic observation and infrared spectroscopy. A color change characterization was performed based on UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. The textile colorant was identified as malachite green (MG), and its degradation by light was subsequently studied by dynamic photolysis experiments in a kinetic solution for the rapid exploration of by-products. The main degradation pathways were thus identified and the factors responsible for the induced color changes were discussed. A comparison of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) results of the products derived from the photolysis method as well as of the samples extracted from the object allowed for the identification of the presence of different degradation pathways in the faded and unfaded parts of the textile. A metabolomics analysis was applied to account for the differences in the degradation pathways.
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Xiong, Ai Min, Fei Yu Li, and Xuan Xie. "Intelligent Shading Control System Based on the Lonworks Bus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 273 (January 2013): 665–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.273.665.
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In order to improve the lighting and temperature control in large public buildings, intelligent shading technology has been growing attention. This intelligent shading control system is based on the Lonworks bus. It uses various sensors to detect indoor and outdoor light intensity and temperature changes automatically, the system provides reasonable the curtain control program to change the height of the curtains and the blade angle, to regulate indoor lighting and air-conditioning, reducing building energy consumption in all aspects. Common TCP / IP protocol is used to achieve a seamless connection with the building automation system. It concerns with energy saving, low carbon, environmental protection, intelligence concept of modern building.
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Samaranayake, Premaratne, Chelsea Maier, Sachin Chavan, Weiguang Liang, Zhong-Hua Chen, David T. Tissue, and Yi-Chen Lan. "Energy Minimisation in a Protected Cropping Facility Using Multi-Temperature Acquisition Points and Control of Ventilation Settings." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 6014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196014.
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Energy management in protected cropping is critical due to the high cost of energy use in high-tech greenhouse facilities. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the optimal strategy to reduce cooling energy consumption, by regulating the settings (opening/closing) of either vents or curtains during the day, at the protected cropping facility at Western Sydney University. We measured daily changes in air temperature and energy consumption under four treatments (open/closed combinations of vents and shade screens) and developed an optimal cooling strategy for energy management using multi-temperature acquisition points at different heights within a greenhouse compartment. The optimal treatment (vents open/curtains closed) reduced energy load at the rooftop, thereby maintaining a desirable plant canopy temperature profile, and reducing cooling energy. Daily energy consumption was lowest for vents open/curtains closed (70.5 kWh) and highest for vents closed/curtains open (121 kWh). It was also found that delaying the operation of opening and closing of vents and curtains until the plant canopy temperature reached 25 °C reduced cooling energy consumption and decreased heating energy consumption in the morning (e.g., 08:00 to 10:00). The estimated savings of 1.83 kWh per 1 °C cooling between the optimal (vents open/curtains closed) and least optimal (vents closed/curtains open) conditions had the potential for significant energy savings at 494 kWh per °C over a crop cycle of nine months in warm weather conditions. However, selection of the optimal cooling strategy utilising control of vents and curtains must also account for the impact from other greenhouse environmental factors, including light, humidity, and CO2 concentration, which may be crop specific.
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Wien, H. Chris. "(78) Sheltering Cut Flower Plants to Increase Stem Length." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1066B—1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1066b.
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The stems of many flower species used as cut flowers are too short to be commercially useful. Non-chemical techniques are needed to increase the length of the harvested stems without weakening stem strength. Field experiments were conducted that explored the use of black or red shade fabric, used either as a canopy, or as a side curtain, with three species of cut flowers. Trachelium caerulum, Eustoma grandiflorum (Echo Champagne), and Rudbeckia hirta (Prairie Sun) were grown in split-plot experiments in which shade and shelter treatments were applied as main plots, and the flower species formed the subplots. In 2004, shade canopies of 70% light transmission were compared in black and red (“ChromatiNet”) netting, and 50% red netting. Stem length increased from 51 cm for unshaded controls to 54, 56, and 59 cm for 70% black, red, and 50% red, respectively. Productivity of the plants was decreased an average of 21% by shading. In 2005, shade canopies of 50% black or red were compared to side curtains of the same materials, and an unsheltered control, growing the same species of flowers. Stem length was increased by 25% when plants were grown under a shade canopy, and by 14% in the side curtain plots. Shading treatments reduced stem yield by 31%, whereas side curtains had no significant effect on number of stems per plant. Color of the netting did not affect stem length or stem yield in 2005. In both years, the thickness of harvested stems were increased significantly in the shelter treatments. The three species reacted similarly to the treatments imposed in both years. Shelter treatments can be a practical way of increasing cut flower stem length.
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Sager, David R., Charles H. Hocutt, and Jay R. Stauffer. "Estuarine fish responses to strobe light, bubble curtains and strobe light/bubble-curtain combinations as influenced by water flow rate and flash frequencies." Fisheries Research 5, no. 4 (August 1987): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(87)90054-3.
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Giovane, Frank, Bo Å. S. Gustafson, and Philippe L. Lamy. "An Optical Instrument to Characterize Individual Dust Particles." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 150 (1996): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100501638.
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AbstractThe conceptual design for an optical instrument capable of characterizing dust particles by in situ measurements is described. This instrument, the Integrated Dust Analyzer (IDA), measures the light scattered at several different angles as a particle passes through a pair of polarized light curtains. It is capable of defining or providing an indication of such characteristics as size, index of refraction, absorptivity, and aggregate structure.
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Nusyirwan, Deny, Nadhifah Hasi Daiichi, and Prasetya Perwira Putra Perdana. "TIRAI OTOMATIS BERBASISKAN ARDUINO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR DAN MINAT SISWA TERHADAP TEKNOLOGI PADA SDN 003 BINAAN TANJUNGPINANG BARAT." Jurnal Terapan Abdimas 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/jta.v5i1.4858.
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<p><strong><em>Abstract.</em></strong> <em>Curtains are a means to regulate air circulation in our homes, control the sunlight that enters the room, maintain privacy in the room, and also as a complement to the interior of the house. As for in school, curtains have the main function as a window cover to avoid excessive lighting so that it can cause hot air so that it disrupts the smooth learning process of students. Therefore, one of the proposed technological innovations is Automatic Curtain based on the LDR sensor (Light Dependent Resistor). Automatic curtain based on LDR sensor (Light Dependent Resistor) is a system design where the LDR sensor when getting light will then pass information to the Arduino microcontroller, then Arduino will give an order to the servo to work closing the curtain. Automatic Curtain based on LDR sensor consists of several main devices, namely Arduino Uno, Micro Servo, Resistor, LED Lights, and several Male to Male Jumper Cables. The research process applies an engineering design process with a double diamond model approach introduced by the British Design Council, which explains the need for user-based design thinking to get an innovation that is the right solution at school. The process begins with social ethnographic research, direct observation in schools to gather information, followed by an outpouring of ideas on problems that exist in schools, determining the main problems in schools, the process of outlining the ideas of solutions given to the main problems and discussions to determine the main solutions. In the next stage is the making of simple prototypes and usability testing to get an evaluation of the solutions given</em></p><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> Tirai merupakan sarana untuk mengatur sirkulasi udara di rumah kita, pengontrol cahaya matahari yang masuk ke dalam ruangan, menjaga privasi yang berada di dalam ruangan, dan juga sebagai pelengkap interior rumah. Adapun di sekolah, tirai memiliki fungsi utama sebagai penutup jendela untuk menghindari pencahayaan yang berlebihan sehingga dapat menimbulkan udara panas sehingga mengganggu kelancaran proses belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, salah satu inovasi teknologi yang diusulkan adalah Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor LDR (<em>Light Dependent Resistor</em>). Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor adalah suatu perancangan sistem dimana sensor LDR apabila mendapat cahaya maka akan meneruskan informasi ke mikrokontroler Arduino, selanjuntya Arduino akan memberikan perintah kepada servo untuk bekerja menutup tirai. Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor LDR terdiri dari beberapa perangkat utama yaitu Arduino Uno, Micro Servo, Resistor, Lampu LED, dan beberapa Kabel <em>Jumper Male to Male</em>. Proses penelitian menerapkan sebuah proses desain rekayasa dengan pendekatan model <em>double diamond</em> yang telah diperkenalkan oleh <em>British Design Council</em>, dimana menjelaskan akan perlunya design thinking berbasis kepada pengguna untuk mendapatkan sebuah inovasi yang merupakan solusi yang tepat di sekolah. Proses dimulai dengan penelitian secara sosial etnografi, observasi secara langsung di sekolah untuk mengumpulkan informasi, dilanjutkan curahan gagasan terhadap permasalahan yang ada di sekolah, menentukan permasalahan utama di sekolah, proses curahan gagasan solusi yang di berikan terhadap permasalahan utama dan diskusi untuk menentukan solusi utama. Pada tahapan selanjutnya adalah pembuatan purwarupa sederhana dan pengujian kegunaan untuk mendapatkan evaluasi terhadap solusi yang diberikan.</p>
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Mursidah, Mursidah, Herry Setiawan, Muhammad Khoiruddin Harahap, Amsar Yunan, and Dirja Nur Ilham. "Arduino Based Light Intensity Auto Curtain." Brilliance: Research of Artificial Intelligence 2, no. 1 (May 20, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/brilliance.v2i1.1456.
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The rapid advancement of technology has led to significant changes in human life. There are numerous tools available, many of which are intended to make human work easier. Science and technology develop, resulting in improved innovations. Automatic control systems have recently advanced at a dizzying pace in the areas of science and technology. This is shown by the variety of applications, which range from residential to sophisticated equipment. GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Meter GY-49 MAX44009 Lux Ambient light for Arduino is a concept that arose in response to the demands of home automation systems. It is Arduino-based and has light intensity controls. The house's tenants will profit from the renovation. Simply said, the curtains are open while the light intensity is 271 - 1000 lux, closed when the light intensity is 1001 lux and closed when the light intensity is 270 lux so that the light entering the room is not too bright and does not create The room felt hot from too much exposure to the sun. In the age of modernization, this tool is supposed to boost the mobility of the house's occupants.
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Liang, Ran, Meteb Altaf, Eball Ahmad, Rong Liu, and Ke Wang. "A Low-Cost, Light-Weight Climbing Robot for Inspection of Class Curtains." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 11, no. 7 (January 2014): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/58710.
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Mah, Jasmine Jenji, David Llewellyn, and Youbin Zheng. "Blackout Reduces Height of Easter Lily but End-of-day Red Light Treatment Using Light-emitting Diodes Does Not." HortTechnology 30, no. 2 (April 2020): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04496-19.
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One principle for reducing undesirable stem extension in greenhouse production is to counteract the decrease in red-to-far red ratio that occurs naturally during twilight periods. This study evaluated three lighting treatments on the morphology of easter lily (Lilium longiflorum): 1) a 1-hour end-of-day treatment providing 20 μmol·m−2·s−1 of monochromatic red light (EOD R), 2) blackout curtains closed 45 to 75 minutes before sunset and kept closed until 0 to 60 minutes after sunrise (BO), and 3) a control with natural twilight (CTRL). Plants under the BO treatment were 11% shorter than CTRL, while plants exposed to EOD R did not differ in height compared with BO or CTRL. There were no treatment effects on any other measured parameters, including aspects of flowering.
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Sutherst, RW, and RS Tozer. "Control of buffalo fly (Haematobia irritans exigua de Meijere) on dairy and beef cattle using traps." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 2 (1995): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950269.
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The design and testing of traps are described for control of the buffalo fly Haematobia irritans exigua on dairy and beef cattle in Australia. The initial design, for use on milking cows, consisted of a translucent, plastic-covered tunnel, with compartments separated by plastic partitions and doorways with black shade-cloth curtains. The curtains brushed flies off the cattle as they passed through the tunnel. The flies were attracted to the light and ascended the walls to be confined in the dome-shaped roof. The traps removed 80% of the flies each time the cattle passed through them. During farm trials in 1990-91, fly numbers (8) on milking cows were reduced by 85% compared with those (94) on other cattle on the same farm, and by 65% compared with neighbouring milking cows (30), which received an average of three pesticide treatments. Breeding of buffalo fly was reduced by 81% on the pastures grazed by milking cattle using the traps. In 1992 and 1993, a smaller portable trap was developed for use by all types of cattle. Replacement of the shade-cloth curtains with brushes and addition of a translucent false ceiling increased the efficiency of the trap from 80 to 90%. The traps achieved 90% control on five dairy and two beef properties compared with cattle given traditional pesticide treatments. The results demonstrate the feasibility of controlling Haematobia without insecticides, by using a simple, sustainable and environmentally friendly trap, provided that cattle use the traps regularly.
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Liang, Ran, Meteb Altaf, Eball Ahmad, Rong Liu, and Ke Wang. "Corrigendum to a Low-Cost, Light-Weight Climbing Robot for Inspection of Glass Curtains." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 12, no. 3 (January 2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60076.
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Chen, Dong Hong, Shuang Ke, Ji Quan Chen, and Xiai Chen. "Design of Intelligent Home Control System Based on a Variety of Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 1291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1291.
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An intelligent home system controlled via GSM, GPRS and the Internet was developed to investigate the control system of intelligent home. The home environment including concentration of carbon dioxide, UV intensity, light intensity, smoke concentration, temperature and humidity were real-time transmitted to the host computer monitoring platform. The intelligent home system supports four different control methods with the remote control functions of household appliances, security locks of doors, lighting system and smart curtains realized through a variety of network.
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Zhang, Yonggang, Yongwei Zhong, Yingda Gong, and Lirong Zheng. "The Optimization of Visual Comfort and Energy Consumption Induced by Natural Light Based on PSO." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010049.
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This paper presents the “model construction method”, an optimization method and industrial internet of things (IIoT) technology that is proposed for nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB), providing a comfortable visual environment by only utilizing natural light while improving its induced indoor air conditioner energy consumption (ACEC). The incident light is sampled by light sensors, and this data is sent to the cloud server. The visual comfort and indoor ACEC, both of which are induced by incident light, are combined as the optimization objective, and the area of windows covered by curtains is used as the optimal parameter in the particle swarm optimization (PSO). The visual comfort and indoor ACEC induced by incident light are modeled, and the construction method is independent of the geographical location. Five modes are defined for applications with different purposes, the performance of which are investigated and compared carefully. The result shows that natural light could provide comfortable visual comfort, while the ACEC induced by it could be reduced effectively.
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Shishelina, Lyubov. "Behind the Curtains of the Czech-Russian Diplomatic Conflict." Köz-gazdaság 16, no. 3 (September 14, 2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/retp2021.03.05.
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As a result of the Czech-Russian political conflict that began on April 17-18, 2021, there appeared trends in the relations between Russia and Central European countries that are capable of rolling them back to the period of "velvet revolutions”. The conflict started with diplomatic withdrawals on the Czech side and then on the Russian, gradually had been enriched by the new and new accusations thus transforming it into a general political conflict, the unprecedented escalation of tension between Moscow and Central Europe since transformational revolutions here. At the same time, it revealed the intentions of the sides to seek recognition of their rightness at any cost. The history of this largest confrontation between Prague and Moscow since 19G8 is based on the unsettled nature of many issues of post-Soviet coexistence, such as the parity of diplomatic representation, as a result of which the Russian embassy in Prague turned into the second largest after London. In addition, there was a lack of political reform of in the Czech-Russian relations, taking into account the Czech Republic's membership in the new Euro-Atlantic structures against the background of clearly progressing economic cooperation. Meanwhile, as the author of the article states,the issues that have appeared on the surface of these relations require an immediate solution, which will be difficult – especially for Moscow in the light of the recently progressive confrontational nature of relations between Russia and both some individual states and Euro-Atlantic structures as a whole.
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Srithummarong, Siriwun, Tanaphoom Wongbumru, and Narumol Sansena. "The Study of Sunscreen Curtain from PET Bottle Yarn and Its Lighting Quantity for Classroom." International Journal of Building, Urban, Interior and Landscape Technology (BUILT) 19 (June 29, 2022): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/built.v19.246525.
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Currently, the use of environmentally friendly materials is increasing rapidly, all sectors have been focusing on environmental issues with emphasis on recycled materials. The objective of this research was to produce a yarn from PET plastic bottles (used drinking water bottle) for sunscreen curtains in classroom of Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi. The method of research was based on studying the yarn property of PET plastic bottles of sunscreen curtain with a prototype 0.90 x 1.20 m through ASTM and lighting quantity measurement in the classroom. The results found that the yarn property: the mean strength, the mean toughness, the tensile stretch before breaking, and the mean percentage of elongation before breaking was 3,025.92 cN., 5.74 gf/den, 37.46 mm., and 149.83% respectively. Also, the average weight and thickness were 311.87g/m2 and 0.14 mm. The tensile strength of the warp fabric was 98.5 lbf and the tensile strength of the weft fabric was 151.7 lbf. The abrasion resistance of the fabric that can cause the fabric to tear by 11,000 cycles. For lighting quantity measurement in the classroom size of 61.41 m2 found that the average lighting quantity was 265.42 Lux that was below the classroom illuminance standard which is 300 - 500 Lux. However, this was natural lighting measurement without studying activities and artificial light combined. Therefore, further investigation on the factors such as visuality of students while studying, light control, high ceiling, heat transmission is needed to be considered.
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Yan, Fei, and Ming Jian Li. "Intelligent Sunshading Control System Based on Lonworks Fieldbus." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 1565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.1565.
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To make full and reasonable use of natural light in civil buildings has an important meaning to the construction of green buildings. This paper has designed an intelligent sunshading control system based on Lonworks fieldbus. Based on the analysis on the sunshading control needs of civil buildings, this paper has proposed a system framework based on Lonworks fieldbus, and has designed control nodes of intelligent curtains from the two aspects of hardware nodes and control software. At last, this paper has also designed the host computer monitoring software.
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Vidiyanti, Christy, and Abraham Seno Bachrun. "STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL RANCANGAN UPPER BLIND SEBAGAI STRATEGI MENGOPTIMALKAN CAHAYA MATAHARI PADA GEDUNG." Vitruvian Jurnal Arsitektur Bangunan dan Lingkungan 11, no. 1 (October 29, 2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2021.v11i1.009.
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Intensitas pencahayaan pada tirai kaca gedung menghasilkan bagian yang dekat dengan dinding transparan akan mendapatkan intensitas cahaya yang berlebih sehingga akan menimbulkan silau, hal tersebut menyebabkan pengguna gedung cenderung menutup dinding dengan tirai. Terdapat beberapa strategi dalam mengoptimalkan cahaya alami pada bangunan melalui desain pasif. Peneliti melakukan penilaian kategori berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan Moreno sehingga didapatkan bahwa yang mendapatkan poin tertinggi adalah upper blinds. Pada penelitian ini, mengacu pada pendapat Szokolay maka akan dikembangkan rancangan upper blind yang mengoptimalkan masuknya cahaya matahari kedalam bangunan berdasarkan sudut jatuh cahaya matahari pada permukaan panel blind. Metode yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak Radiance. Bangunan studi kasus yang akan digunakan adalah Menara Kompas. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen yang dilakukan, model dengan upper blind dapat mengoptimalkan tingkat pencahayaan alami sehingga ruang mendapatkan sinar matahari yang lebih mendekati dengan standar pencahayaan yang direkomendasikan SNI. Upper blind dapat menurunkan intensitas pencahayaan alami pada gedung dengan fasad curtain wall sebesar 28%. Namun, untuk kualitas pencahayaan, mdoel tanpa upper blind lebih baik dari model dengan upper blind. Nilai keseragaman cahaya pada model tanpa upper blind lebih baik sebesar 8% dan nilai kontras cahaya pada model tanpa upper blind lebih baik sebesar 17%. Bila ditotal maka upper blind masih lebih unggul karena nilai kuantitas cahaya yang lebih baik. The lighting intensity through the curtain wall in high rise building is the part that is close to the curtain wall will get excessive light intensity which will cause glare, this causes building users to tend to cover the transparent wall with curtains. There are several strategies to optimize natural light in buildings through passive design. Researchers conducted a category assessment based on research conducted by Moreno so that it was found that those who got the highest points were the upper blinds. In this study, referring to Szokolay's opinion, an upper blind design will be developed that optimizes the entry of sunlight into the building based on the angle of sunlight falling on the blind panel surface. The method used in this study is an experimental method with the used of Radiance software. The case study building that will be used is the Kompas Tower. Based on the results of experiments conducted, the model with the upper blind can optimize the level of natural lighting so that the room gets daylight that is closer to the lighting standards recommended by SNI. Upper blind can reduce the intensity of natural lighting in buildings with curtain wall facades by 28%. However, for lighting quality, model without upper blind is better than model with upper blind. The light uniformity value in the model without the upper blind is better by 8% and the light contrast value in the model without the upper blind is better at 17%. When totaled, upper blind is still superior because of the better light quantity value.
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Szkudlarek, Joanna, Marek Snycerski, and Grzegorz Owczarek. "Proposal of Objective Assesment of the Phenomenon of Light Passage Through Blackout Fabrics." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (August 31, 2017): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2663.
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The paper presents some possibilities of measuring light passed through textile products applicable as sunshade window curtains. The existing measurement methods were analysed and a new method for measuring the barrier properties and transparency of flat textile products was proposed based on linear measurement. The idea of measurement was established for the purpose of identifying the optical properties of blackout fabrics applied as internal screens for public interiors. Preliminary research has shown that blackout fabrics obtained by weaving technology – so called weaving blackout (not a coated blackout) have a varied structure. In this case, the characteristics of this structure determine the level of barrier properties. The mechanism of light passing through such structures is special and requires specific measurement conditions. The paper presents an original research methodology dedicated especially for blackout fabrics. The new methodology and indicators for assessing the barrier effect in the VIS radiation band can be adopted by industry.
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Langhans, Robert W., and Mauricio Salamanca. "219 Food-grade Greenhouses: Development and Implementation of a HACCP Plan for the Production of Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) Boston Lettuce." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 479F—480. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.479f.
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With the primary objective of assuring food safety at the production level, a HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) plan was developed and implemented in an 8000-ft2 greenhouse producing 1000 heads of lettuce per day in Ithaca, N.Y. The plan was developed following the HACCP principles and application guidelines published by the National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods (1997). The CEA glass greenhouse uses both artificial high-pressure sodium lamps and a shade curtain for light control. Temperature is controlled via evaporative cooling and water heating. Lettuce plants are grown in a hydroponic pond system and are harvested on day 35 from day of seeding. Known and reasonable risks from chemical, physical, and microbiological hazards were defined during the hazard analysis phase. Critical control points were identified in the maintenance of the pond water, the operation of evaporative coolers, shade curtains, and during harvesting and storage. Appropriate prerequisite programs were implemented before the HACCP plan as a baseline for achieving minimum working conditions. Proper critical limits for some potential hazards were established and monitoring programs set up to control them. Postharvest handling was setup in an adjacent head house that was adapted as a food manufacturing facility according to New York State Dept. of Agriculture and Markets standards. Potential applications will be discussed.
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Chiu, Su-Hua, Charlene Wu, Chen-Yu Chen, Ta-Hui Lin, and Shin-Ku Lee. "Improvement of Fire Safety Performance for Nursing Homes by Using Fireproof Curtains with a Water Film System." Buildings 12, no. 10 (October 2, 2022): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101590.
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Nursing home residents often have impaired faculties, which limit their evacuation responses in light of accidents. Specifically, fire accidents can pose significant risks to both residents and property. In this study, we designed a water film cooling system to enhance the heat and smoke resistance of a fire retardant curtain without a fire resistance rating. The experimental results on a full-scale door/wall refractory furnace and smoke-barrier system showed that the proposed curtain had 1.5-h heat resistance properties, while the smoke control performance could meet the ISO 5925-1 requirement. Finally, we used Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) 6.0 to simulate an existing nursing home with this type of fireproof curtain setup for horizontal evacuation waiting space. The results show that our proposed water film cooling system can effectively inhibit the diffusion of smoke during the initial stage of a fire, creating a safe evacuation waiting zone for disadvantaged evacuees.
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Yermuraki, O. I., and A. S. Rusol. "THE TENDENCY TO USE ADAPTIVE SPACE AS A FEATURE OF POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY." Regional problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 14 (December 29, 2020): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2020-14-96-105.
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The article discusses the technologies and methods for creating universal environment, features of their use and their possibilities of functional extension placement by limited area. The analysis of world experience (Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Robert Fulton, Nikola Tesla, Joan Littlewood, Cederic Price, Larry Bell, Craig Kauffman, Peter Alexander, Mies van Dral Roeta Lille Reich, Dieter Rams). The light effecting on the proportions of the placement. For example of such groups like: Lightand Space, Aqua Creations, Manta Ray Light. The lighting system allows you to add dynamics into the space, expressiveness or isolation. Created an environment which would be change for human need. Use sliding partitions - screens, for example Popup Interactive Apartment is represented by Hyperbody design team from DelftUniversity of Technology. Authors idea is to place all placemant in a room with area of 50 square meters (smart technology) - where you can move not only partitions, but also furniture, which can suit specific human needs. The curtains were expertly fitted into the interior of the Samt & Seide cafe by architects Mies van der Roet Lilly Reich, which was designed for Die Modeder Dame exhibition in Berlin. A space with 300 square meters was zoned with using silk and velvet curtains, which were divided according to their color and height. Examples of flexible space are WAarchi's architectural project: architects have successfully rethought the space of the first building of Taiwan's Chiao Tung University construction school. Also, the article outlines prospect development of adaptive design on architecture and historical background, show the results of the analysis of questions adaptive spaces in the context modern development of society. Studding thematic publications gave it possible to highlighting the main tools dimensional zoning in interior design. Often used by architects and designers: work with light (own lighting, navigation, and communication with the observer); sliding partitions (take up less space in placement and can be transform); color and material (divide space on functional zone); kinetic elements of equipment, which can change their position in space or shape/ Describe the areas of their used on based for examples from world architectural practice, provide them the grade.
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Ionescu, Radu Tudor, Marius Popescu, and Aoife Cahill. "String Kernels for Native Language Identification: Insights from Behind the Curtains." Computational Linguistics 42, no. 3 (September 2016): 491–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00256.
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The most common approach in text mining classification tasks is to rely on features like words, part-of-speech tags, stems, or some other high-level linguistic features. Recently, an approach that uses only character p-grams as features has been proposed for the task of native language identification (NLI). The approach obtained state-of-the-art results by combining several string kernels using multiple kernel learning. Despite the fact that the approach based on string kernels performs so well, several questions about this method remain unanswered. First, it is not clear why such a simple approach can compete with far more complex approaches that take words, lemmas, syntactic information, or even semantics into account. Second, although the approach is designed to be language independent, all experiments to date have been on English. This work is an extensive study that aims to systematically present the string kernel approach and to clarify the open questions mentioned above. A broad set of native language identification experiments were conducted to compare the string kernels approach with other state-of-the-art methods. The empirical results obtained in all of the experiments conducted in this work indicate that the proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance in NLI, reaching an accuracy that is 1.7% above the top scoring system of the 2013 NLI Shared Task. Furthermore, the results obtained on both the Arabic and the Norwegian corpora demonstrate that the proposed approach is language independent. In the Arabic native language identification task, string kernels show an increase of more than 17% over the best accuracy reported so far. The results of string kernels on Norwegian native language identification are also significantly better than the state-of-the-art approach. In addition, in a cross-corpus experiment, the proposed approach shows that it can also be topic independent, improving the state-of-the-art system by 32.3%. To gain additional insights about the string kernels approach, the features selected by the classifier as being more discriminating are analyzed in this work. The analysis also offers information about localized language transfer effects, since the features used by the proposed model are p-grams of various lengths. The features captured by the model typically include stems, function words, and word prefixes and suffixes, which have the potential to generalize over purely word-based features. By analyzing the discriminating features, this article offers insights into two kinds of language transfer effects, namely, word choice (lexical transfer) and morphological differences. The goal of the current study is to give a full view of the string kernels approach and shed some light on why this approach works so well.
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Utsman, S., B. Rachmawan, and K. R. Mohammad. "Analysis and evaluation of the effect of reflectance values on internal walls, internal roofs, and light shelf on optimal illumination levels in the diploma economics and business building of the vocational school UGM, Yogyakarta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 927, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/927/1/012030.
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Abstract The use of natural light as a source of lighting in buildings is an option in energy saving. One of the efforts that has been made is the installation of a light shelf. The light shelf installed in the UGM Vocational School Economics and Business Diploma (DEB SV) building is not fully working optimally. As many as 83% of the light shelf in lecture rooms is covered by curtains because it is considered to produce excess light (glare). This results in a greater consumption of lighting electricity. This study was conducted to analyze and evaluate the effect of the reflectance value (color) attached to the internal walls, internal roof, external light shelf, and internal light shelf on the indicator of illumination levels Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI). Furthermore, this study aims to determine the optimum reflectance value (color) parameter. The research was conducted with a simulation method using RadianceIES in the IESVE 2021 software. The first simulation results show the value of reflectance (color) installed (base case) on the internal wall, internal roof, external light shelf, and internal light shelf in one of the lecture rooms of the DEB SV UGM building resulting in a very large value of the UDI>2000lux indicator, which is 84,9% (not according to the criteria). The results of the second simulation provide two variations of the optimum reflectance (color) parameters in the independent variable. The first variation is the internal walls, internal roof, external light shelf, and internal light shelf, each of which has a reflectance value (color) of 90,67% (beige), 100% (white), 90,67% (beige), and 100% (white). The second variation is the internal walls, internal roof, exte rnal light shelf, and internal light shelf, each of which has a reflectance value (color) of 90,67% (beige), 100% (white), 90,67% (beige), and 90,67% (beige).
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Jones, R. Bryan, Daniel G. Satterlee, and Gary G. Cadd. "Struggling responses of broiler chickens shackled in groups on a moving line: effects of light intensity, hoods, and `curtains'." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 58, no. 3-4 (July 1998): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(98)00091-4.
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Teich, Martien, Norbert Gebbeken, and Martin Larcher. "Aerodynamic Damping and Fluid-Structure Interaction of Blast Loaded Flexible Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 491–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.491.
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This paper analyses the e ects of air-structure interaction of systems subjectedto weak blast loads. While these coupling e ects are negligible for typical steel or concretestructures, they may dominate the dynamic response of lighter and more exible (compliant)systems like membranes, blast curtains or cable facades. For these light and exible systems,a classical decoupled analysis, i.e., neglecting the inuence of the surrounding air, might sig-ni cantly overestimate the deections and strains. However, we show that the coupling e ectscan be accounted for by basically adding a viscous aerodynamic damping force. We discussand compare two approaches how to obtain the aerodynamic damping term. With decreasingstructural sti ness and mass, the damping contribution of air increases signi cantly. The resultsof Hydrocode simulations are presented, and an outlook into further areas of research is given.
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Szkudlarek, Joanna, and Marek Snycerski. "Structural Modelling of Blackout Fabrics Patterned by Weave. Used as a Curtains in Interior Public Spaces." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (August 31, 2017): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2662.
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In the first part of this article a new construction of blackout fabrics and attempts at modifying them are described. The assumption of the research was to obtain a weaving barrier against visible light (VIS) in weave-patterned fabric (jacquard) used as a curtain designed for public buildings. For this purpose the possibility of obtaining barrier properties in one-warp and build-up thread fabric was checked. Afterwards the barrier properties of the weaving structures designed were evaluated by the spectrophotometric method according to standard methodology. The level of barrier properties achieved confirms the legitimacy of the hypothesis about the possibility of acquiring such properties in patterned jacquard fabrics. The article presents the first attempt at an objective assessment of the barrier properties of jacquard blackout fabrics conducted based on digital image analysis. The experimental results proved that the method proposed allows to detect the structural interstices of woven fabric correctly, which can be used to asses the value of barrier features. The work is a summary of achievements in the field of the design and assessment of barrier properties of a new type of blackout fabrics.
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Magar, Sapana Gharti, and Sarala Shrestha. "Sleep Deprivation and its Associated Factors Among the Hospitalised Patients." Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital 21, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v21i1.40976.
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Introduction: Sleep is an important factor in maintaining health and wellbeing of an individual. Various factors can lead to poor sleep quality in a patient during hospitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among the hospitalized patients. Methods: This study was done using descriptive survey design. A total of 65 hospitalized patients were selected for the study using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Informed written consent was taken from each respondent beforehand. Data was collected by interviewing the patients meeting the criteria with pretested semi-structured interview schedule at their bedside by maintaining privacy through bedside curtains. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics i.e., chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Almost all (98.8%) of respondents had sleep deprivation on the first night of hospitalization which decreased in frequency with increased length of hospital stay. Majority (73.8%) of respondents expressed that hospital environment was disturbing to sleep. Hospital noise (95.8%) and light (66.6%) were reported as the most disturbing factors. Sleep deprivation was associated with hospital environment (p=0.036, p=0.002, p=0.002) on first, second, and third day of hospitalization. This study revealed no significant association of sleep deprivation with age and pain or discomfort of respondents. Conclusions: Hospital environment is the most important factor of sleep deprivation among hospitalized patients, particularly noise and light. Hospital staff should be more careful during the night shift and take measures to minimize noise and lights in the ward to promote sound sleep among patients.
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Park, Yoo Gyeong, and Byoung Ryong Jeong. "How Supplementary or Night-Interrupting Low-Intensity Blue Light Affects the Flower Induction in Chrysanthemum, A Qualitative Short-Day Plant." Plants 9, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121694.
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This research examined the effects of the supplementary or night-interrupting (NI) blue (B) light supplied at a low intensity on the flowering, gene expression, and morphogenesis of chrysanthemum, a qualitative short-day plant. White (W) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used to provide light with a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 180 μmol·m−2·s−1 during the photoperiod to grow the plants in a plant factory. The control group was constructed with plants that were exposed to a 10-h short day (SD10) treatment without any blue light. The B light in this research was used for 4 h to either (1) extend the photoperiod for plants at the end of a 9-h short day (SD) treatment as the sole light source (SD9 + 4B), (2) provide night interruption (NI) to plants in the 13-h long-day (LD) treatment (LD13 + NI − 4B), (3) provide NI to plants in the 10-h SD treatment (SD10 + NI − 4B), or (4) supplement the W LEDs at the end of a 13-h LD treatment (LD13 + 4B). Blue LEDs were used to provide the supplementary/NI light at 10 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD. The LD13 + NI − 4B treatment resulted in the greatest plant height, followed by LD13 + 4B. Plants in all treatments flowered. It is noteworthy that despite the fact that chrysanthemum is a qualitative SD plant, chrysanthemum plants flowered when grown in the LD13 + 4B and LD13 + NI − 4B treatments. Plants grown in the LD13 + 4B had the greatest number of flowers. Plants grown in the LD13 + 4B treatment had the highest expression levels of the cryptochrome 1, phytochrome A, and phytochrome B genes. The results of this study indicate that a 4-h supplementation of B light during the photoperiod increases flower bud formation and promotes flowering, and presents a possibility as an alternative method to using blackout curtains in LD seasons to practically induce flowering. The B light application methods to induce flowering in SD plants requires further research.
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McGOWAN, ABIGAIL. "Khadi Curtains and Swadeshi Bed Covers: Textiles and the changing possibilities of home in western India, 1900–1960." Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 2 (October 26, 2015): 518–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x14000705.
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AbstractIn examining the remarkable expansion of India's textile production in the late colonial period, many scholars have identified consumption trends as shaping the relative success of mills as opposed to handlooms. That scholarship, however, has focused on only one component of consumption: clothing. This article explores another important area of cloth consumption in western India: non-clothing textiles. Across classes, urban dwellers used curtains and furnishing fabrics to try to improve comfort and create privacy—two qualities in short supply in cities like Bombay and Ahmedabad, where the pressures of rapidly growing populations came into conflict with new sanitary demands to open up houses to light and air. More broadly, non-clothing textiles helped to negotiate the novel conditions of urban life, where people moved regularly, homes were increasingly open to non-kin visitors, men and women shared space in new ways, and elite women were aesthetic arbiters of domestic space. While clothing choices in the late colonial period have often been studied in the context of nationalism, this article argues that nationalism was only one factor among many that shaped the use of household furnishing fabrics; equally, or more importantly, new ideas of ‘home’ led to and were expressed in expanded fabric use in urban western India.
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Hinkle, Nancy C., and Jerome A. Hogsette. "A Review of Alternative Controls for House Flies." Insects 12, no. 11 (November 20, 2021): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12111042.
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House flies are the most prevalent synanthropic pest worldwide. Although they seldom reproduce in homes, they invade buildings, cause annoyance, and carry pathogens. Urban pest management personnel are limited in their ability to locate and manage larval habitats, so most house fly management in urban settings focuses on adult fly suppression. Sanitation is probably the most critical component, eliminating odors that attract flies. Source reduction applies where larval habitats can be identified and eliminated. Exclusion involves keeping flies out of structures. Despite all efforts, flies will manage to enter the human environment, so exclusion includes air curtains, fans, screened windows, and doors. Ultraviolet light traps attract and immobilize, while window traps entice flies into devices that entrap them. Sticky tubes and ribbons rely on flies’ inclination to land on vertical lines to entangle them in glue. Even low-tech fly swatters can play significant roles in eliminating individual flies. Timed-release aerosol pyrethrin dispensers can be effective against flies confined in enclosed spaces. Toxic baits have limited use in urban settings. Chemical suppression remains a critical component of fly IPM, essential in situations requiring immediate fly elimination.
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Özbilgin, H., and C. W. Glass. "Role of learning in mesh penetration behaviour of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 61, no. 7 (January 1, 2004): 1190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.07.001.
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Abstract If fish that have passed through the meshes of a fishing net are capable of escaping more easily on subsequent encounters, there may be important implications for the efficiency and selectivity of fishing gears in heavily fished populations. Here we report on the effect of learning on mesh penetration of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) under laboratory conditions. Ten haddock were trained using a classical conditioning procedure (with food) to race between two alternately flashing light emitting diodes (LEDs) positioned at the ends of a 6-m-long oval swimming pool. Once the fish were conditioned to race between the LEDs, their penetration ratios in netting barriers of 200-mm and 100-mm bar length, square-mesh curtains in their path on each food presentation were calculated. Fish were reluctant to penetrate mesh barriers of 200 mm at the beginning of the experiment, but all the experimental animals did manage to penetrate. The ratio of these fish in penetrating the smaller mesh size of 100 mm decreased in the first two presentations, but then increased again with experience. The potential consequences of these findings in relation to gear efficiency and gear selectivity studies are discussed.
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Owunna C., Mbatuegwu, F.A, Ogundeko TO, Ekenze C.J, Bankole F.O, Nnabuife I.S, Ramyil M.S.C, and Omezi O.S.I. "Prevalence of visual symptoms among visual display unit users in Owerri Imo State." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2020.1.1.0025.
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The increasing number of cases of ocular and non-ocular symptoms generally termed, the "Computer Vision Syndrome" (CVS) as a result of the ubiquitous use of computers and mobile computing devices. Computer-related asthenopia might take an epidemic form if it is not put on check. This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of the visual complaints among computer and related users in Owerri, Imo State aimed at determining if the symptoms are prevalent in equal proportion among VDU and Non-VDU users. A total of 332 selected persons (male and female) between the ages of 16 - 45yrs from schools, banks, offices and other establishments who use VDUs and 1hr/day within Owerri Municipal Area were administered with structured questionnaire. Study revealed VDU users presentation with Headache (17.72%), Ocular Pain (16, 52%), Eyestrain (15.40), Lacrimation (14, 60%), Double Vision (11.75%), Burning &Irritation (10.09%), Itching (7.83%), Dryness (3.58%) and Redness (2.52%). All the Symptoms (dryness, eyestrain, headache, itching, lacrimation, ocular pain and redness) except double vision are statistically significant (P<0.05). Furthermore, these symptoms are neither age nor gender related. Also, individuals as well as work-related factors were found to be predictive of these visual complaints. Headache, ocular pain, eyestrain, lacrimation, double vision, burning & irritation, itching, dryness and redness of the eye are the prevalent symptoms among VDU users in Owerri. The use of antiglare screen, filters or "radiation absorbing devices' to reduce and control light and reflections as well as adjustment shades, curtains or blinds in order to effectively control light levels throughout the day are however recommended.
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Winter, B. "Curtain Up! Light the lights…on patient safety!" American Journal of Infection Control 33, no. 5 (June 2005): e127-e128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2005.04.160.
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Faneisha, AK Ansyori, and Ramzi Amin. "Management of Regmatogent Retinal Ablation by Buckle Sclera and Cryoteraphy." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 3, no. 1 (June 20, 2020): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v3i1.21.
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Introduction. The most common type is regmatogen retinal detachment (rhegmatogenous retinal detachment), which is a result of the process of tearing of the retinal layer. The principle of operative management of retinal detachment is to reattach the detached layer of the retina by previously identifying and closing if there is a retinal tear and releasing traction from vitreoretina. Actions can include sclera buckle, pars plana vitrectomy and pneumatic retinopexy. The consideration of the choice of operative therapy is dependent on the pathogenesis underlying each case of retinal detachment.
Case presentation. This case report found complaints of patients with sudden blurred vision without red eyes or calm eye conditions and a diagnosis with regmatogen retinal detachment. From the history, in this patient was obtained, complaints of blurred vision such as closed curtains complained of the patient and complaints were preceded by views such as seeing flashes of light or photopsia and vision such as flying objects or floaters which are the most common complaints in 50% of patients with retinal regmatogen retention. occurs because of the lattice degeneration process. In cases of severe and extensive retinal detachment, the combination procedure for vitrectomy and scleral buckle is the primary choice for optimal outcome.
Conclusion. At follow-up, posterior segment examination revealed retinal attachments that were uncomplicated. Follow up 2 weeks post therapy found that the retina was attached and had vision with improvement
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Miragliotta, Miwa Yamamoto, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Rodrigo Lilla Manzione, and Fernando Ferraz do Nascimento. "Spatial analysis of stress conditions inside broiler house under tunnel ventilation." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 5 (October 2006): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000500002.
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Broiler building typology associated with the local characteristics (climate, topography and surrounding vegetation) and handling systems (stocking density, curtains, equipment and nutrition) influence the inside environment. A spatial distribution analysis of these conditions may indicate stress zones in the house. The aim of this research was to apply spatial analysis of thermal, aerial and acoustic environmental conditions inside a tunnel ventilated broiler housing, with a stocking density of 18 birds m-2. This study was carried out in Rio Claro, SP, Brazil, in a 12 m × 115 m house divided into three equal sections (East, center and West), East-West oriented, and virtually divided on 132 cells, each one measuring 3.0 m × 3.5 m. At the geometric center of each cell the following variables were monitored: dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, noise level and light intensity. Average broiler mortality was recorded in each of the three sections. Data collection was made systematically from West to East, opposite to the air flow produced by the tunnel ventilation system, during the warmest period of the day. Measurements took place during the sixth week of production. A geostatistics software tool was used to build spatial distribution maps of the recorded variables in order to infer intermediate stress conditions. It was concluded that the stress zones were located at both ends of the house and the highest mortality index was found at the West sector where the exhaust fans were placed.
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Kenjo, Yusuke, Ryosuke Suzue, and Shiyuan Yang. "Proposal of Light Curtain System Using a Hemisphere Mirror with Multiple Frequency-modulated Light Sources." Journal of the Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers 2, no. 2 (April 25, 2014): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/jiiae.2.74.
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Nguyen, Giao N., and Neil Lantzke. "Mitigating the Adverse Effects of Semi-Arid Climate on Capsicum Cultivation by Using the Retractable Roof Production System." Plants 11, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 2794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11202794.
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Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the Solanaceae family and is an economically important vegetable crop. However, the crop is very sensitive to adverse weather conditions such as high temperatures and excessive sunlight, which cause flower and young fruit to drop and sunscald to mature fruits. Using protected cultivation such as shade covers or net houses is a feasible agronomic approach to protect the crop from high light intensity, which increases plant growth, reduces fruit damage, and increases marketable fruit yield and quality. Low-cost protected cropping options such as fixed-roof net houses have proved cost-effective and suitable for fruiting vegetable production in semi-arid climatic regions. However, this structure type is unable to protect the crops from rainfall, is prone to cyclone damage and is inflexible to accommodate various vegetable crops which have different requirements for healthy and productive growth. This study was conducted in Carnarvon, which has semi-arid climatic conditions and is a key horticultural district of Western Australia, to compare the Retractable Roof Production System (RRPS) and open field (OF) conditions in the production of capsicum. The data showed that the RRPS modified the internal light, temperature and humidity in favour of the capsicum crop. The RRPS-grown capsicum had higher plant height and lower canopy temperature on hot days than those in the OF. The mean marketable fruit yield of capsicum varieties grown in the RRPS was significantly higher than those in the OF with fruit yields of 97 t ha−1 and 39.1 t ha−1, respectively, but the fruit quality remained unchanged. Overall, the data suggest that the RRPS altered the internal microenvironment and enhanced capsicum crop growth, physiology and fruit yield by setting climatic parameters to automatically control the opening and closing of the roof, the insect net and side curtains, and activation of the fogging system. The future perspective of the deployment of RRPS for capsicum production under climatic conditions in Carnarvon was also discussed.
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SERGEEVA, NATALYA V. "TECHNICAL RE-EQUIPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION." Agricultural engineering, no. 1 (2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2021-1-63-68.
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Under the stable system of livestock keeping, the productivity of farm animals directly depends on the nutritional value of the feed and the maintenance of certain air, temperature and humidity parametres of the breeding facilities. Based on methods of comparison and prediction of the technical and economic performance of a small livestock farm, simple costeff ective engineering solutions – light mode and microclimate regulation – are recommended. The economic activity analysis of the “Volna” farm enterprise in the Bryansk region for 2017-2019 showed a reduction in the productivity of dairy livestock and high growth rates of the cost of milk. Measures are proposed to maintain the microclimate in a cowshed for 110 heads using HB LED lamps and a system of ventilation curtains “PM-Kit” controlled by an automated Farm Management Support system. This information platform allows monitoring and analyzing many processesassociated with animal care, helps quickly make engineering and organizational-and-economic decisions. The author off ers an economic rationale for technical solutions to ensure stable lighting and air exchange of the cowshed. The new technical solutions will require about 1.2 million rubles of one-time investment, will increase the average annual productivity of cows by 7.3%, and reduce the cost of 1 kg of milk by 4.6%. The total economic eff ect, taking into account the regulatory effi ciency of capital investments, will be approximately 800 thousand rubles for one farm. The author proves the feasibility of the selected technical solutions for a small-size livestock farm.
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Dachlan, Tony Ijong, Tetty Yuniati, and Abdurachman Sukadi. "Effect of phototherapy with alumunium foil reflectors on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia." Paediatrica Indonesiana 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi55.1.2015.18-22.
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Background Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) is one of the most common problems in neonates, but it can be treated with blue light phototherapy. Developing countries with limited medical equipment and funds have difficulty providing effective phototherapy to treat NH, leading to increased risk of bilirubin encephalopathy. Phototherapy with white reflecting curtains can decrease the duration of phototherapy needed to reduce bilirubin levels. Objective To compare the duration of phototherapy needed in neonates with NH who underwent phototherapy with and without aluminum foil reflectors. Methods This open clinical trial was conducted from July to August 2013 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were term neonates with uncomplicated NH presenting in their first week of life. Subjects were randomized into two groups, those who received phototherapy with or without aluminum foil reflectors. Serum bilirubin is taken at 12th, 24th, 48th hours, then every 24 hours if needed until phototherapy can be stopped according to American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. The outcome measured was the duration of phototherapy using survival analysis. The difference between the two groups was tested by Gehan method. Results Seventy newborns who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had similar characteristics were randomized into two groups. The duration of phototherapy needed was significantly less in the group with aluminum foil reflectors than in the group without reflectors [72 vs. 96 hours, respectively, (P<0.01)]. Conclusion The required duration of phototherapy with aluminum foil reflectors is significantly less than that of phototherapy without reflectors, in neonates with NH.
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Kusumastuti, Sri. "Touchless Electronic Device Control Design." JAICT 7, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/jaict.v7i1.3147.
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Transmission of COVID-19 occurs between humans through droplets or splashes of body fluids containing SARS-CoV-2 particles. If a COVID-19 patient does not cover his mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, the patient will emit droplets containing the virus. Droplets can stick to the patient's hands and surrounding items. Anyone can get the virus when shaking hands or touching items that have the virus and contracting the virus if they touch their eyes, nose, or mouth without washing their hands first. In public places such as schools, offices, and hospitals, many pieces of equipment are controlled using the help/touch of a hand. The use of equipment in public places by many vulnerable people is the cause of the rapid spread of infectious diseases. The research that will be carried out is to design and manufacture tools to control equipment without touching hands to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. The controlled equipment consists of water faucets, lights, fans, and curtains. The lights, fans, and water faucets are controlled using palm movements with the max distance from the Smart IR Switch being 11 cm. If there is palm movement within the working range of the Smart Switch IR, the solenoid valve, lights and fans will change from their previous conditions. If the initial condition is 'off' it will change to 'on' or vice versa. The curtain is controlled using palm movements with the max distance to the GP2Y0A21YK0F IR sensor being 10 cm. If there is palm movement within the working range of the GP2Y0A21YK0F IR sensor then the curtain will change from its previous condition. If the initial condition of the closed curtain changes to open or vice versa.
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Triyono, Liliek. "Home Automation (Monitoring Terang Redup Lampu Dan Kontrol Tirai Jendela) Berbasis Node MCU Dan Android." Indonesian Journal of Applied Informatics 2, no. 2 (September 9, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ijai.v2i2.20186.
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<p><em>Light Monitoring Dimmed Lights and Curtain Control Windows Node-based MCU is a system designed to turn on and off lights using android controls. In addition the system is also equipped with features open and close the window curtain automatically. This feature and traffic use the LDR sensor to detect light and make it up to 300 then the servo motor will move and open the window. In addition to control android applications, this is in accordance with the function of this system is to control whether the lights are in a state of light or </em><em>not</em><em>. You can use remote lights in accordance with the conditions desired by the home owner</em><em> on android device</em><em>. This system is used to explore issues related to energy and home</em><em> safety</em><em>.</em></p>
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Şahin, K., and O. Küçük. "A simple way to reduce heat stress in laying hens as judged by egg laying, body weight gain and biochemical parameters." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49, no. 4 (November 2001): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.49.2001.4.6.
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This study was designed to test the effects of feed withdrawal and darkening on the performance, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and some blood serum metabolite and mineral concentrations of laying hens reared at high ambient temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 °C. Ninety, 16-week-old hens (Ross Brown) were divided into 3 groups, 30 hens each. The first group was used as control. Hens in the second group (feed withdrawal) were subjected to feed removal from 14:00 to 18:00, and hens in the third group (darkening) were subjected to light restriction from 14:00 to 18:00 using black curtains. Liveweight, feed intake, and egg production were higher (P < 0.01) in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups, particularly in the darkening group, than in the control. Water intake was higher in the control group compared with the feed withdrawal and darkening groups (P < 0.01). T3, T4, and TSH concentrations in the serum were higher (P < 0.01), whereas ACTH serum concentration was lower (P < 0.01) in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups compared with the control. The haematocrit was higher in the feed withdrawal and darkening groups compared with the control (P < 0.01). Darkening and feed withdrawal treatments increased serum glucose, urea-N, uric acid, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, Ca, P, Na, and K concentrations, also the activities of amylase and alkaline phosphatase, but did not influence the activities of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). The present study found that feed withdrawal and darkening, particularly darkening, at high temperatures during the summer months offer a good management practice to reduce heat stress related depression in feed intake and egg production in laying hens.
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Polivaev, O. I., I. B. Zhuravets, S. Z. Manoylina, and I. S. Teslenko. "Effectiveness of protection of mobile power unit cab from direct solar radiation." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 83, no. 11 (November 15, 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66289.
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For normalization of microclimate in the cabs of mobile power units, it is necessary to introduce a particular technology of solar protection. The modern cabs have a high degree of light transmission, which enables intensive irradiation of operator on all sides. It results in a hyperthermia leading to the adverse health consequences for operator. The insolation flow also has impact on the electronic equipment, plastic parts and various elements of the cab. The applied means of protection, such as tinted glasses, films, covers and curtains, could not completely solve the problem. The study aim is the analysis of intensity of insolation, assessment of its value in form of quantitative characteristics, and search of the ways of its neutralization by acceptable technical means. One of the rational means limiting the impact of insolation flow is the use of blinds. The blinds designed according to the proposed scheme are able to limit significantly the direct solar flux, providing simultaneously an acceptable visibility during the movement of mobile power unit. This is achieved by the positioning of slats of blinds in the direction of sighting lines at different angles. The major efficiency characteristic of blinds is the transmission bandwidth of direct beams. It shows the design efficiency and allows to quantify the value of transmitted solar flux. For assessment, the geometric approach is proposed. The quantitative relationships received in the course of calculations are compared with experimental geometrical measurements, having a very close convergence of numerical results. The evaluation of blinds effectiveness is presented in form of the protection factor indicating the value of reduction of direct insolation. The proposed protection has a high efficiency and reduces the direct insolation by 1,75-170 times.
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Li, Chen Qi, Hua Tang, and Chun Quan Chang. "Analysis of Glass Walls Led Display Technology of Shenyang Children’s Library." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 890–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.890.
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The glass curtain wall LED display devices of Shenyang Children's Library of at night take the night lights effect of multimedia display of building’s facade. A kind of transparent hollow bar LED module installation structure is used in these LED devices. The LED light bar and the scanning power box which is set every 0.5 m along LED bar are assembled in a frame. The LED display technology of glass curtain wall brought significant changes to architectural image.
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Yang Yan, 杨燕, 张金龙 Zhang Jinlong, and 王蓉 Wang Rong. "基于高斯凸优化与光幕双约束的退化场景复原." Acta Optica Sinica 41, no. 19 (2021): 1910001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.1910001.
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