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Books on the topic 'Ligand systems'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Tucs, Eric R. Ligand and proton transfer reactions in a series of RePt and MnPt bimetallic systems. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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2

N, Dʹi͡a︡chkov P., ed. Heteroligand molecular systems: Bonding, shapes and isomer stabilities. London: Taylor & Francis, 2002.

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3

Biochemical Pharmacology Symposium (4th 1989 New Haven, Conn.). NMR methods for elucidating macromolecule-ligand interactions: An approach to drug design : proceedings of the Fourth Biochemical Pharmacology Symposium, New Haven, CT, 27-29 July 1989. Edited by Handschumacher Robert E, Armitage Ian M, and Welch Arnold D. Oxford, U.K: Pergamon Press, 1990.

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4

Conference on Neuroimmunophilins (1st 1999 Schlangengad, Germany). Immunophilins in the brain: FKBP Ligands: novel strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Barcelona, Spain: Prous Science, 2000.

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5

Online information hunting. Blue Ridge Summit PA: Windcrest/McGraw-Hill, 1992.

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6

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. U.S. EPA nonpoint source information exchange computer bulletin board system (BBS): User's manual. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 1992.

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7

International Online Information Meeting (9th 1985 London). 9th International Online Information Meeting: London, 3-5 December 1985 : organized by Learned Information (Europe) Ltd. Oxford: Learned Information, 1985.

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8

européenne, Commission. Les bases de données de l'Union européenne: Un répertoire des produits et des services d'informatin électroniques. Luxembourg: Office des publications officielles des Communautés européennes, 1996.

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9

Lennie, Stovel, and Bales Kathleen, eds. Bibliographic displays in the online catalog. White Plains, NY: Knowledge Industry Publications, 1986.

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10

Issues in online database searching. Englewood, Colo: Libraries Unlimited, 1989.

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11

eLearning with Dreamweaver MX: Building online learning applications. [Indianapolis, IN]: Macromedia Press, 2002.

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12

M, Jones Richard, Johns Nicky, and British Library, eds. Improving subject retrieval in online catalogues. [London]: Polytechnic of Central London, 1987.

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13

Always On: Language in an Online and Mobile World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, USA, 2008.

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14

Nino, Russo, Salahub Dennis R. 1946-, Witko Malgorzata, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Metal-ligand interactions: Molecular-, nano-, micro-, and macro-systems in complex environments. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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15

Levin, A. A., and P. N. D'yachkov. Heteroligand Molecular Systems: Bonding, Shapes and Isomer Stabilities. CRC, 2001.

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16

(Editor), N. Russo, Dennis R. Salahub (Editor), and Malgorzata Witko (Editor), eds. Metal-Ligand Interactions Molecular-, Nano-, Micro-systems in Complex Environments (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry). Springer, 2003.

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17

(Editor), N. Russo, Dennis R. Salahub (Editor), and Malgorzata Witko (Editor), eds. Metal-Ligand Interactions Molecular-, Nano-, Micro-systems in Complex Environments (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry). Springer, 2003.

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18

McKenna, Jennifer. Spectroscopic studies of thermally activated C-F bonds and photochemically induced haptotropic shifts of pi-coordinated aromatic ligand systems. 2003.

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19

Zwarts, Machiel J. Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0001.

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Essential to all living creatures is the ability to convey information. In addition motor responses are required, for example running. This all is possible due to the ability of specialized cells to conduct information along the cell membrane by means of action potentials (AP) made possible by the charged cell membrane, which has selective permeability for different ions. Voltage and ligand sensitive ion channels are responsible for sudden changes in selective permeability of the membrane resulting in local depolarization of the membrane. The neuromuscular junction is a highly specialized region of the distal motor axon that is responsible for the transferring of activation from nerve to muscle. All these systems and subsystems can fail and a thorough understanding is necessary in order to understand the changes a clinical neurophysiologist can encounter while recording from the human nervous system in cases of disorders of brain, nerve and muscle.
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20

Mason, Peggy. Receiving the Synaptic Message. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0013.

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Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors differ in their speed of action, the variety of effects produced after ligand-binding, and in the number of types present in the nervous system. The participation of two ionotropic glutamate receptors in synaptic plasticity is thought to be the cellular basis of learning. The actions of acetylcholine on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors present at the neuromuscular junction are described. The pharmacological profile of the GABAA receptor, central to most neural functions, is introduced. The properties of metabotropic receptors that are coupled to G proteins, termed G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are detailed. Three canonical second-messenger systems through which GPCRs act are briefly described. An introduction to clinical pharmacology focused on how drugs acting on muscarinic and adrenergic receptors produce peripheral and central psychotropic effects is provided. Finally, the role of connexins and gap junctions in myelination and hearing is introduced.
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21

Lin, Nian, and Sebastian Stepanow. Designing low-dimensional nanostructures at surfaces by supramolecular chemistry. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533046.013.10.

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This article describes the use of supramolecular chemistry to design low-dimensional nanostructures at surfaces. In particular, it discusses the design strategies of two types of low-dimensional supramolecular nanostructures: structures stabilized by hydrogen bonds and structures stabilized by metal-ligand co-ordination interactions. After providing an overview of hydrogen-bond systems such as 0D discrete clusters, 1D chains, and 2D open networks and close-packed arrays, the article considers metal-co-ordination systems. It also presents experimental results showing that both hydrogen bonds and metal co-ordination offer protocols to achieve unique nanostructured systems on 2D surfaces or interfaces. Noting that the conventional 3D supramolecular self-assembly has generated a vast number of nanostructures revealing high complexity and functionality, the article suggests that 2D approaches can be applied to substrates with different symmetries as well as physical and chemical properties.
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22

(Editor), M. Schwaiger, L. Dinkelborg (Editor), and H. Schweinfurth (Editor), eds. From Morphological Imaging to Molecular Targeting: Implications to Preclinical Development (Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop). Springer, 2004.

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23

K, Sen Amar, and Lee Tyrone, eds. Receptors and ligands in neurological disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

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24

Ligands and Modifiers in Vitreous Materials: Spectroscopy of Condensed Systems. World Scientific Publishing Company, 1999.

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25

Receptors and ligands in neurological disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

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26

(Editor), B. G. Gold, G. Fischer (Editor), and T. Herdegen (Editor), eds. Immunophilins in the Brain. FKBP Ligands: Novel Strategies for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Prous Science, 2000.

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27

Divya, Vohora, ed. The third histamine receptor: Selective ligands as potential therapeutic agents in CNS disorders. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009.

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28

The Third Histamine Receptor: Selective Ligands as Potential Therapeutic Agents in CNS Disorders. CRC, 2008.

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29

J, Reis Donald, Bousquet Pascal, Parini Angelo, and International Symposium on Imidazoline Receptors (2nd : 1994 : New York, N.Y.), eds. The imidazoline receptor: Pharmacology, functions, ligands, and relevance to biology and medicine. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1995.

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30

Montgomery, Erwin B. Principles of Electrophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0003.

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In many ways, post-operative DBS programming is “prescribing electricity” in much the same sense as “prescribing medications.” The principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics that guide the rational use of medications find parallels in DBS. Many drugs have their effect by binding to ligand-gated channels, particularly channels that control the flow of electrical charges, in the form of ions across the cell membrane of the neuron in the soma. The binding of drugs to receptors can open the receptor to approximate the normal opening by endogenous neurotransmitters, or to block the channel from opening when endogenous neurotransmitters are released. In the case of DBS, the electrical charges manipulated in the nervous system similarly affect neuronal membrane channels; however, these initially and primarily are voltage gated ionic conductance channels, which are described in detail in this chapter.
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31

Hohmann, Andrea G. Control of pain initiation by endogenous cannabinoids. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0033.

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The landmark paper discussed in this chapter, published by Calignano et al. in 1998, focuses on the control of pain initiation by endogenous cannabinoids. In the paper, analgesic lipid mediators are shown to be present in peripheral paw tissue where they control the ability of pain signals to ascend to the central nervous system (CNS). Anandamide acts through a peripheral mechanism to suppress inflammatory pain via cannabinoid type 1 receptors. Palmitoylethanolamine, subsequently identified as an endogenous ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α‎, produces peripheral antinociceptive effects via a mechanism similar to that for the cannabinoid type 2 receptor. These lipids do not serve redundant functions and, in combination, produce synergistic antinociceptive effects. These observations suggested that drug-development efforts targeting peripheral control of pain may elucidate improved pharmacotherapies that lack the unwanted CNS side effects of current treatments.
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32

Pearce, Tim C. Chemosensation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0017.

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Olfaction in animals still surpasses any technological solution to chemical sensing yet conceived. While certain classes of molecular detection technologies may be capable of high sensitivity to a restricted number of compounds, unique to the biological system is its astonishing dynamic range (over 10 orders of magnitude), combining both extreme levels of sensitivity to certain key compounds of behavioural importance and varying levels of discrimination between an almost infinite variety of ligands, presented both individually and in complex combinations. For over 30 years the olfactory system of insects and mammals has provided biological sensing factors, rich inspiration, and processing principles for use in developing chemical sensing technologies. Here we focus on three such technological translations: recent rapid progress in measuring directly from olfactory binding/receptor proteins and chemosensory neurons as a biohybrid solution to chemical sensing; olfactory system based processing principles and architectures that have been applied to existing chemosensor technologies to achieve real-world sensing performance gains; and full-blown neuromorphic implementations of the olfactory pathways of animals.
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33

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds. Assessment & Watershed Protection Division, ed. U.S. EPA nonpoint source information exchange computer bulletin board system (BBS): User's manual. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 1992.

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34

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds. Assessment & Watershed Protection Division., ed. U.S. EPA nonpoint source information exchange computer bulletin board system (BBS): User's manual. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 1992.

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35

United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds. Assessment & Watershed Protection Division, ed. U.S. EPA nonpoint source information exchange computer bulletin board system (BBS): User's manual. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 1992.

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36

Moerdler, Scott, and Xingxing Zang. PD-1/PDL-1 Inhibitors as Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190248208.003.0010.

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Programmed death 1 (PD-1), a member of the B7-CD28 immunoglobulin superfamily, and its ligands PD-L1/PD-L2 inhibit T-cell activation. They also play a key role in the tumor microenvironment, allowing for cancer immune escape. PD-1 is induced on a variety of immune cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), while PD-L1 is found on many types of solid tumors including ovarian cancer and some TILs. The use of immunocheckpoint inhibitors like anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies has been shown to reactivate the immune system to attack tumor cells. Ovarian cancers have been shown to be responsive to anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies, though immunocheckpoint inhibitors are not enough. Current research is evaluating combination therapies to improve response rates.
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37

Di, Napoli Mario, and Wójcik Cezary 1968-, eds. The ubiquitin proteasome system in the central nervous system: From physiology to pathology : 2008 update. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science, 2009.

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38

(Editor), Mario Di Napoli, and Cezary Wojcik (Editor), eds. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Central Nervous System: From Physiology to Pathology. Nova Science Pub Inc, 2008.

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39

The Imidazoline Receptor: Pharmacology, Functions, Ligands, and Relevance to Biology and Medicine (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, V. 763). New York Academy of Sciences, 1995.

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40

Bird, Mark F., and David G. Lambert. Deorphanization of ORL-1/LC132 by reverse pharmacology in two landmark studies. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0026.

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Deorphanization of ORL-1/LC132 in 1995 by reverse pharmacology in two simultaneously published landmark studies added a new member to the opioid family of G-protein coupled receptors. Meunier and Reinscheid used cells expressing recombinant ORL-1 (human) or LC132 (rat) and the presumed intracellular inhibition of cyclic AMP formation to ‘fish’ for endogenous peptide ligands in rat whole-brain and pig hypothalamic extracts. Both studies reported the isolation of a 17-amino-acid peptide, which was named nociceptin and orphanin FQ by the two authors, respectively. The behaviour of the isolated peptide was a complete surprise, as a general hyperalgesia was observed when the peptide was administered at supraspinal sites. We now know that this peptide has, in fact, anti-opioid action, particularly in the medulla. The endogenous peptide exerts a multitude of effects both in the nervous system and, unlike classical opioids, has efficacy in neuropathic pain.
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41

Ferini-Strambi, Luigi, and Sara Marelli. Restless legs syndrome/Willis–Ekbom disease. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0024.

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Restless legs syndrome (RLS)/Willis–Ekbom disease (WED), is a common neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations in the legs, with an urge to move. The general population prevalence has been estimated at approximately 5%. In 1995, the International RLS/WED Study Group established four clinical criteria for RLS/WED diagnosis, and in 2012 introduced a fifth (that symptoms are not due to another medical or behavioral condition) to improve differential diagnosis. Periodic leg movements causing sleep fragmentation may be observed in almost 80% of RLS/WED patients. Genetics, central nervous system dopamine dysregulation, and brain iron deficiency seem to be the primary involved factors, but peripheral phenomena may also contribute to the pathophysiology. Several medications have demonstrated efficacy in treating RLS/WED, including dopaminergic agents, alpha-2-delta ligands, and opioids. Pharmacological therapy should be limited to those patients who suffer from clinically relevant symptoms with impaired sleep quality or quality of life.
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42

(Editor), Leonidas Stefanis, and J. N. Keller (Editor), eds. The Proteasome in Neurodegeneration. Springer, 2006.

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43

Englebienne, Patrick. Immune and Receptor Assays in Theory and Practice. CRC, 1999.

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44

Lambert, David G. Mechanisms and determinants of anaesthetic drug action. Edited by Michel M. R. F. Struys. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0013.

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This chapter is broken into two main sections: a general description of the principles of ligand receptor interaction and a discussion of the main groups of ‘targets’; and explanation of some common pharmacological interactions in anaesthesia, critical care, and pain management. Agonists bind to and activate receptors while antagonists bind to receptors and block the effects of agonists. Antagonists can be competitive (most common) or non-competitive/irreversible. The main classes of drug target are enzymes, carriers, ion channels, and receptors with examples of anaesthetic relevance interacting with all classes. There are many examples in anaesthesia where multiple interacting drugs are co-administered—polypharmacology. To give an example: neuromuscular blockade. Rocuronium is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker acting as a competitive antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Rocuronium competes with endogenous acetylcholine to shift the concentration–response curve for contraction to the right. The degree of contractility is less for a given concentration of acetylcholine (agonist) in the presence of rocuronium. Using the same principle, the rightward shift can be compensated by increasing the amount of acetylcholine (as long as the amount of rocuronium presented to the receptor as an antagonist remains unchanged, its action can be overcome by increased agonist). Acetylcholine at the effect site is increased by acetylcholinesterase inhibition with neostigmine. One of the side-effects of neostigmine is that it acts as an indirect parasympathomimetic. In the cardiovascular system this would lead to muscarinic receptor-mediated bradycardia; these effects are routinely reversed by the competitive muscarinic antagonist glycopyrrolate.
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45

Kirchman, David L. Introduction to geomicrobiology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0013.

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Geomicrobiology, the marriage of geology and microbiology, is about the impact of microbes on Earth materials in terrestrial systems and sediments. Many geomicrobiological processes occur over long timescales. Even the slow growth and low activity of microbes, however, have big effects when added up over millennia. After reviewing the basics of bacteria–surface interactions, the chapter moves on to discussing biomineralization, which is the microbially mediated formation of solid minerals from soluble ions. The role of microbes can vary from merely providing passive surfaces for mineral formation, to active control of the entire precipitation process. The formation of carbonate-containing minerals by coccolithophorids and other marine organisms is especially important because of the role of these minerals in the carbon cycle. Iron minerals can be formed by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria, which gain a small amount of energy from iron oxidation. Similarly, manganese-rich minerals are formed during manganese oxidation, although how this reaction benefits microbes is unclear. These minerals and others give geologists and geomicrobiologists clues about early life on Earth. In addition to forming minerals, microbes help to dissolve them, a process called weathering. Microbes contribute to weathering and mineral dissolution through several mechanisms: production of protons (acidity) or hydroxides that dissolve minerals; production of ligands that chelate metals in minerals thereby breaking up the solid phase; and direct reduction of mineral-bound metals to more soluble forms. The chapter ends with some comments about the role of microbes in degrading oil and other fossil fuels.
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46

Interfaces for Information Retrieval and Online Systems: The State of the Art. Greenwood Press, 1991.

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47

1938-, Dillon Martin, and American Society for Information Science., eds. Interfaces for information retrieval and online systems: The state of the art. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.

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48

Social Networking Spaces (Beginning). Apress, 2010.

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49

Format de communication du MARC canadien: Données sur les fonds. Ottawa, Ont: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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50

Bruce, Betsy. eLearning with Dreamweaver MX. Peachpit Press, 2002.

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