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1

Drenowatz, Clemens, Klaus Greier, Gerhard Ruedl, and Martin Kopp. "Association between Club Sports Participation and Physical Fitness across 6- to 14-Year-Old Austrian Youth." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 18 (September 12, 2019): 3392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183392.

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Changes in social and built environments most likely contribute to a decline in physical activity (PA) and physical fitness in children and adolescents. Organized sports may be an important component in ensuring adequate fitness, which is an important aspect in general health and well-being. The present study examines differences by club sports participation in cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, power, speed, agility, flexibility and balance in 3293 (55.1% male) Austrian children and adolescents between 6 and 14 years of age. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken and participants completed the German motor test during regular class time. Even though there was no significant difference in body weight between club sports participants and non-club sports participants, club sports participation was associated with higher physical fitness, particularly regarding endurance, strength, power, and agility. Differences by club sports participation, however, declined during the elementary school years (6–10 years of age), while they became more pronounced during middle school years (10–14 years of age). Club sports participation, therefore, may be a viable option in the promotion of physical fitness, particularly during adolescence. At younger ages, other sources of PA, such as physical education and free play, however, should be considered to ensure sufficient fitness levels that contribute to a healthy and active lifestyle.
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Maguire, Jennifer Smith. "Fit and Flexible: The Fitness Industry, Personal Trainers and Emotional Service Labor." Sociology of Sport Journal 18, no. 4 (December 2001): 379–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.18.4.379.

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The contemporary United States fitness industry, in conjunction with the medical endorsement of exercise and the marketing of lifestyle consumption, has made possible the emergence and rapid growth of health and fitness services. This paper brings together the sociological fields of work, consumption, and physical culture, suggesting how the structure and organization of personal training impacts upon how fitness is sold. Drawing from interviews with personal trainers, the occupation is discussed as a combination of frontline service work, emotional labor, and flexible work strategies, resulting in a variety of job roles: the representation of the fitness club, the brokering of clients’ consumer relationships with the fitness industry, the motivation of clients through service relationships, and the entrepreneurial cultivation of a client base and semi-professional authority.
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Fernate, Andra, Zermena Vazne, and Andrejs Levskojs. "ANALYSIS OF THE SELF-REPORTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRES INDICATORS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 21, 2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol4.3746.

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“Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030” emphasizes the need for weekly moderate physical activity for ensuring human health. Physical activity can be measured by a variety of objective and subjective methods, but one of the prerequisites for understanding the connection between active lifestyle and health certainty that the measuring instrument measures the feature for which it has been created and that it can be used in many countries. The goal of the research is to determine the correlations between measurement properties of fitness club clients’ self-reported physical activity indicators in the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), European Health Interview Survey-Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ), and to evaluate their concurrent validity. Methods: participants (volunteers) were 70 fitness club visitors (age 18-79). This research is preparative part for the further research of the project “European Physical Activity and Sports Monitoring System (EUPASMOS)”. The type, involvement and amount of physical activity was determined by the GPAQ, IPAQ and EHIS-PAQ adapted into Latvian. The research results showed that questionnaires allowed to determine the respondents’ physical activity indicators in and out of fitness club activities. Statistically significant correlations were determined between indicators obtained in all physical activity questionnaires applied in the research (p<0.05). This confirms that all three physical activity determination questionnaires can be used for physical activity research in Latvian environment.
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Puszczałowska-Lizis, Ewa, Sylwia Musiał, Klaudia Lis, Katarzyna Pociask, and Katarzyna Placek. "Life satisfaction and motives undertaking of physical activity by women aged 50-55 engaged in the fitness club." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7596.

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<b>Aim of the study:</b> Regular physical activity is one of the ways to prevent the negative effects of civilization and age-related involutiory changes. Recreational, referred to as an healthy lifestyle, in which physical activity is an integral element, is increasingly popular and desirable value for the modern society. The aim of this study was evaluation of life satisfaction and analysis motives of taking physical activity by fitness center clients aged 50-55. <br/><b>Material and methods:</b> The study involving the method of diagnostic survey included 60 women aged 20-30, including 30 physically active, taking part in the classes offered by FIT HOUSE fitness club in Rzeszow (I group) and 30 who did not regularly participate in any physical exercises (II group). The collected research results were analyzed with the use of a non-parametric test of independence Chi-square (χ2 ) and Mann-Whitney U test. <br/><b>Results:</b> Women working out in fitness club have more often declared their life satisfaction (p<0,001), satisfaction with own appearance (p<0,001) and relationships (p=0,034). We found that 70% of respondents from the first group were taking part in physical exercises due to a desire of improve the physical ability and 63% of group, in order to improve their silhouette. <br/><b>Conclusions:</b> Participation in fitness clasess determines the degree of life satisfaction, apperance and social contacts of women aged 50-55. The main motive of physical effort in the fitness club is desire to improve physical efficiency and slim silhouette.
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Huang, Christina M., and Mark G. Kirchhof. "Evaluation of Indoor Tanning Facilities in American Fitness Centers." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 24, no. 4 (May 22, 2020): 372–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475420923645.

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Background Indoor tanning (IT) in fitness facilities encourages a misleading positive relationship between tanning and health. While IT in Canadian fitness facilities has been studied, American literature regarding this topic is lacking. Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate availability, cost, reported risks, and adherence to legislation of IT in American fitness clubs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study utilizing a telephone questionnaire to survey gyms across all 50 states. The key term “fitness club” was searched in the Yellow Pages and 20 facilities from each state were randomly included into the study. Data were described descriptively and Pearson χ2 tests were used to compare IT prevalence and rates of noncompliance between population groups. Regression analysis examined potential relationship between cost and prevalence of IT. Results Of the 1000 fitness clubs surveyed, 44.4% (444/1000) offered IT. The overall noncompliance rates for age, rest time, and eye protection were 13.8% (54/390), 26.0% (20/77), and 27.8% (85/225), respectively. The most common risk reported was skin cancer (61.6%), but many facilities were unsure of risks (27.0%) and some described no risk associated with IT (3.2%). The average cost for monthly unlimited tanning was 33 ± 13.96 USD. A state-to-state comparison showed a statistically significant inverse relationship between mean cost and prevalence of IT ( P = .013, [ r]= −0.35). Conclusion The prevalence and noncompliance rates of IT in fitness clubs contradict the healthy lifestyles they are working to promote. To limit harms, legislations should be standardized and more strictly enforced. Additionally, public education on IT risks and the use of higher costs may help minimize IT use.
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Yachnuк, Maksym, Iryna Iachniuk, Iurii Iachni, and Sergii Gorodynskyi. "Сurrent fitness technologies in health recreational activity of women’s middle age." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 7(127) (November 27, 2020): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.7(127).38.

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The most important condition for maintaining the body’s functional abilities is physical activity. The current state of health of the population and the general demographic situation in society shows that there is a real need to form a healthy lifestyle of different groups of the population of our country. To improve health, you need more to move and exercise. In general, physical exercise and motor activity have a positive effect on the psyche, on all autonomic functions – the respiratory system, digestion, cardiovascular and excretory systems, endocrine glands. They also increase the body's ability to resist fatigue and disease. Physical exercise, and any kind of physical activity is recommended to be combined with water and hardening (shower, bath, bathing), massage, thermal procedures (sauna, bath). Women’s active exercise requires constant medical monitoring and self-monitoring, for a competent, conscious attitude to their health state. In this regard, there is a need for theoretical and practical solutions to the problem of quality leisure activities for recreational and health activities of women’s middle-aged. For the correct organization of recreational and health activities women’s middle-aged, it is important to determine what internal motives they are guided for filling their leisure time. Recently, fitness clubs have become especially popular among the city’s residents. Club’s visitors are offered group aerobic classes aimed at weight loss, training of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. For a long time, group programs have been popular among clients of fitness clubs and fitness studios.
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Zenina, I., N. Kuzmenko, and N. Gavrilova. "The influence of aerobics on the emotional and physical state of students." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 7(127) (November 27, 2020): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.7(127).17.

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The article describes the impact of aerobics classes on the emotional and physical condition of students of higher education institutions. The characteristic of the term «Aerobics» is presented. The positive aspects of the effect of aerobics on the body are substantiated. However, most often, a person's aspirations are accompanied by physical and emotional stress. Given the fact that sport today has thoroughly entered the life of society and has a mass character, it is important to study and analyze its impact on humans. Physical culture - part of culture, which is a set of values, norms and knowledge created and used by society for the physical and intellectual development of human abilities, the formation of a healthy lifestyle, social adaptation through physical education, physical training and physical development. Classes in aerobics groups also solve the problem of developing physical qualities, in particular, endurance, flexibility and strength. Systematic training achieves a positive external effect, strengthens the abdominal muscles and back, which provide the correct posture, improves motor coordination. Today, as one of the types of mass physical culture, fitness training is gaining more and more popularity. Fitness includes not only good physical condition, but also the intellectual, emotional, social and spiritual state of man [6]. If one of the components does not "work", then the whole system does not work. Thus, fitness solves the problem of recovery from the standpoint of a healthy lifestyle. The most popular form of health training in clubs is group aerobics, which has become part of fitness.
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Čuprika, Aleksandra, and Andra Fernāte. "Fitness in the Sport Structure of Latvia." LASE Journal of Sport Science 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ljss-2016-0026.

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Abstract Origination of physical activities in Latvia territory, the necessity for sports sector to be developed, as well as the change of people’s understanding about physical loads and the essence of active lifestyle caused by rapid growth of the fitness sector where the main principle is load applied to strengthen and improve one’s health condition. One of the most important problems is a uniform understanding of the term “fitness”, and its place in the sports sector in Latvia. Therefore the aim of the article is to evaluate fitness as structure element inclusion possibilities in the Sports Structure in Latvia. The research is based on the investigation and analysis of the literature sources and sports policy planning documents, such as “Basic Positions of Sport Policy in Latvia”, project 2013-2020, “National Sport Development Program 2006–2013” of Latvia, “National Development Plan of Latvia 2012–2020”. The place of fitness in the sports system in Latvia, the necessity and possibility to include fitness in the “National Sport Development Program” and in the “Basic Positions of Sport Policy” in perspective were studied. Commercial fitness clubs and the Latvian Fitness and Health Promotion Association (LFVVNA) are not included in the sports structure of Latvia; however, fitness is socially-cultural phenomenon which is necessary to be included in the development program of sport sector.
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9

Ieremenko, N. P., N. V. Kovaleva, and V. A. Kovalev. "Approaches of fitness trainer to forming customers motivation." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 2(122) (February 21, 2020): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2020.2(122).11.

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The fitness system is a set of goals, objectives, principles, as well as innovative means, methods and forms of organizing voluntary systematic physical exercises and managing this process, aimed at maintaining and increasing the level of physical capacity and health of various population groups, provides familiarization with a healthy lifestyle, the formation of a physical culture of the individual for the successful implementation of social and professional responsibilities in society Motivation is one of the most important components in fitness classes. This is a psychological factor that forces and guides us during training. The lack of motivation on any given day will be felt by every athlete. Sometimes we don’t feel like going to the gym or jogging, or we feel too tired to work anything. Our body gives slack and if we do not do something about it, we will have to forget about success. The issue of training qualified personnel with the necessary knowledge and skills to attract citizens to active physical education in order to strengthen and maintain health and prolong active longevity is becoming increasingly relevant. A survey was conducted of personal trainers (20 people) who work in the fitness system of the network of sport clubs "Sportlife" in Kiev, in order to identify the approaches of the fitness trainer to motivate and attract clients to personal training. The widespread availability of fitness has become a reflection of how the needs for physical activity of a representative of modern society, his desire for health and well-being, and the demands of society on the level of development of the physical and psychological qualities of a person have changed. At this stage of development, fitness is increasingly being introduced both into physical culture and health practice working with the population, and into the process of professional training of specialists in various educational institutions of the country.
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10

Lazunina, I. V., and M. V. Kosheleva. "Study of the influence of group fitness training on the physical health of women aged 35-40." BIO Web of Conferences 29 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20212901007.

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The main goal of the work was to study the influence of group fitness training on the physical health of women aged 35-40 years. In the experimental method, functional training, additional equipment, as well as step platforms, exercise bikes and training devices were used. In the course of our work, we studied the dynamics of women’s physical health, determined changes in the main stereotypes of lifestyle, nutrition and motor mode. The experimental technique is an effective tool for correcting body weight, contributing to changes in the indicators of total body weight and girth values, influenced the change in the skin and fat folds in the anatomical areas of women. The desire of a person to strengthen his health is his natural need, as a result of physical exercises, there is an increase in the efficiency of the cardiorespiratory system, blood pressure is normalized, the functional state of the musculoskeletal and bone systems improves, efficiency increases, the digestive system improves, and resistance to stress increases. The results of the study allow us to recommend this theoretical and practical material for instructors of group fitness training in clubs of various physical culture and sports orientation.
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TERSKIKH, Marina V., and Anastasiya V. KORABLEVA. "Specifics of advertising tools and public relations in the dairy products promotion." SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES, no. 2 (2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1819-8813-2020-15-2(109)-37-45.

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We considered a set of tools for advertising and public relations, which is used in the promotion of dairy products of the “Nutrient Mix Center” (Omsk). We noted that due to the high competition prevailing in the market, enterprises producing dairy products are increasingly resorting to new forms of promotion, among which cobranding, cross-marketing, etc. Dairy producers do not only constantly improve their products, create innovative products aimed at improving the body, set trends that correspond to the desire of consumers for a healthy lifestyle, etc., but also form the image of socially responsible companies. Thus, the organization under consideration sponsors sporting events, participates in collaborations with sports schools, fitness clubs, conducts health lessons in schools in order to form the image of a producer of natural, healthy products. Thus, the Center for Nutrient Mixtures uses a whole range of tools for positioning and promoting its products: traditional media advertising, targeted advertising on social networks, sponsorship, sales promotion tools (tasting, events with competitive mechanics), holding special events, etc.
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Moloney, Mary. "Dietary treatments of obesity." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 4 (November 2000): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665100000859.

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Numerous dietary treatments that purport to promote something unique for stimulating weight loss have been published. These treatments include fad diets, diets formulated by various commercial slimming clubs, very-low-energy diets (VLCD) and conventional diets. Fad diets may possibly reduce some weight short-term; however, there is no scientific basis to their long-term use. Commercial slimming clubs may be suitable for some individuals but they need to be properly assessed professionally. There are specific guidelines for the use of VLCD, which are only appropriate for short-term use. There is scientific evidence to suggest that conventional diets can produce both short- and long-term weight loss. A successful weight-loss programme depends on a multidisciplinary team approach. Management strategies should be devised for addressing issues such as goals, monitoring, follow-up, relapse and evaluation. Initial assessments should include medical, laboratory and anthropometric data, fitness level and dietary and behavioural attitudes. These results will form the basis of the treatment plan. Frequent visits to the clinic are fundamental in promoting continuing weight loss during the long-term maintenance stage of treatment. The visits should be made worthwhile for the patient. Realistic and attainable goals for diet, exercise and behaviour modification should be made. The diet should have a novel approach and be tailored to the needs of the patient. It should be adequate nutritionally, low in energy and fat. The overall aim should be to promote lifelong changes in lifestyle, improvement in quality of life and health risks.
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Taylor, U. R., A. L. Gómez, S. S. Gray, M. Grillo, L. R. Horn, L. Christie-Francis, and W. A. Hamilton. "Modeling Healthy Lifestyle through Peer-Based 4-H Fitness and Nutrition Clubs." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 110, no. 9 (September 2010): A107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.403.

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Żmuda-Pałka, Magdalena, and Matylda Siwek. "Participation in fitness clubs and gyms as an element of a healthy lifestyle for the residents of Kraków." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 1, no. 2 (2018): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2018.01.14.

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15

Lavrentiev, A., S. Krupenia, and I. Malinsky. "Formation of a model of professional training of a coach in selected sports." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 5(136) (May 22, 2021): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.5(135).13.

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The article considers issues related to the formation of training of future coaches. Identified the prerequisites for access to education, orientation and the main focus of programs on professional competencies, etc. We determined the direction of training, developed a logical-structural model for the formation of basic knowledge in the professional field, explaining the essence of professional functions and professional competencies of the coach. Today scope trainer profession has expanded recently. This is primarily because the fact that the trend is a healthy lifestyle. The coach is interested not only in CYSS or sports sections, but also in numerous private gyms, fitness clubs, sanatoriums and health centers or children's camps. With the reform of higher education, a number of adjustments are being made to train specialists in this specialty and in education in general. Each educational institution puts forward its views on the training of young professionals. The proposed training model consists of five main areas that we believe decide issues concerning formation of training the trainer, namely: a cycle of general training, a cycle of professional training consisting of four subgroups, a cycle of elective disciplines, practice in a professional direction and independent scientific research workwith elements of independent research. Actuality primarily due to the fact that the reform of higher education. Secondly, there is a lot of competition both in Ukraine and in the world for the training of sports coach. Third, you need to constantly improve your knowledge and skills in the context of informatization of society as a whole. Fourth, regarding the forcing of scientific approaches, principles, means, methods and forms of organization and self-organization during the distance learning process, control of training sessions, loads and rest of the athlete in the conditions of crisis situations, and timeliness of epidemic covid-19. The analysis and generalization of scientific, educational- methodical and special literature is carried out.
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Dejnaka, Agnieszka. "Design a fitness — nowe trendy." Forum Socjologiczne 9 (April 17, 2019): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2083-7763.9.8.

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Design and fitness: New trends Nowadays, just attending fitness classes is not enough to feel like a person living in accordance with a healthy and active lifestyle. Fitness is also a design whose role is growing dynamically — mainly due to the fact that consumer needs are changing, and sports companies are outdoing them­selves in promoting new gadgets or sports clothes. In order to keep up with the changes in the society, sports must not only follow current chang­es, but also anticipate future trends in consumer behavior. The aim of the presented article is to an­alyze new trends in design in fitness and answer the following questions: 1. What is the role of design in fitness? 2. What are the design trends related to fitness, what areas are involved and in what direction will the design develop? The article is based on the analysis of design trends related to the arrangement of the space of fitness clubs and the design of fitness clothing.
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Albert, Wayne J., Jean Bonneau, Joan M. Stevenson, and Norm Gledhill. "Back Fitness and Back Health Assessment Considerations for the Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness and Lifestyle Appraisal." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2001): 291–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h01-019.

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The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness, and Lifestyle Appraisal (CPAFLA) is used as a measure for the health-related fitness of the general population. The CPAFLA includes an evaluation of back health, which is comprised of abdominal muscular endurance (partial curl-ups) and trunk flexion (sit and reach). This paper reviews the occupational, lifestyle, and physical risks associated with back pain and examines the measurement techniques used to assess health-related fitness components of back health in fitness assessments, such as the CPAFLA. Recommendations for future revisions of the CPAFLA's back health assessment and future research needs are presented. Key words: lower back pain, physical activity, muscular fitness, health and lifestyle, back health
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Bonnet, Jonathan P., and Aaron E. George. "The Doctor Will See You After Your Workout." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827620988284.

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Novel approaches to deliver lifestyle medicine that are convenient and accessible to patients are needed. Patients generally seek medical care when they are not well, reinforcing the notion of a “sick” care health system. Conversely, health clubs represent beacons of wellness amid the mire of chronic disease. Many individuals visit health clubs with the goal of becoming or remaining healthy. Expanding health care access to these health club populations creates opportunities to engage those who do not typically seek medical care, and may also attract those who are highly motivated to make lifestyle changes to prevent, treat, and reverse chronic disease. Health club clinics could be expanded with in-person or virtual offerings that go beyond traditional models. Such offerings would stand to improve health and be mutually beneficial for the provider and health club. By decreasing the barrier to access such care and meeting highly motivated patients where they are, providers may be more successful in their efforts to deliver lifestyle medicine to patients who are ready, willing, and able to make lifestyle behaviors changes.
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Kondo, T., A. Yoshida, R. Okada, T. Kanda, I. Kobayashi, and M. Murakami. "Circulating Leptin: A Marker of Health in Female Students." Journal of International Medical Research 30, no. 2 (April 2002): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000203000202.

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We studied the relationship between serum leptin concentration and lifestyle factors in female nursing students. Serum leptin was estimated by radioimmunoassay and the correlation between these concentrations with serum lipids, physical fitness and Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile score was investigated. A total of 247 students took part in the study: mean age, 19.0 ± 2.0 years; mean body mass index (BMI), 21.7 ± 2.9 kg/m2; and mean serum leptin concentration, 10.8 ± 11.5 ng/ml. Serum leptin was positively correlated with BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and serum triglyceride. Serum leptin level concentration inversely correlated with physical fitness score and lifestyle score. When the subjects were grouped according to BMI, the high-BMI group (BMI: ≥ 24 kg/m2; n = 40) showed significantly lower fitness and lifestyle scores than the low-BMI group (BMI ≤ 20 kg/m2; n = 70). Higher leptin, blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride were seen in high-BMI compared with low-BMI subjects. We suggest that leptin is a useful marker for monitoring good health and may be useful as a motivational aid towards achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
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Ferrand, Alain, Leigh Robinson, and Pierre Valette-Florence. "The Intention-to-Repurchase Paradox: A Case of the Health and Fitness Industry." Journal of Sport Management 24, no. 1 (January 2010): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.24.1.83.

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The article proposes a conceptual model to examine the relationships between service attributes, brand associations, customer satisfaction, commitment, price of membership, and intention to repurchase in a fitness club. The results show that the services offered by the club, its security, and the promoted image of the club impact positively on satisfaction. The customer relations at the club, customer commitment, and their frequency of weekly attendance have a positive direct effect on intention to repurchase. Perceived price has a negative direct influence. Finally, the research showed that overall satisfaction has a slight positive impact on frequency of attendance. These findings create a paradox for managers of health and fitness organizations who will have to balance the need to increase frequency of attendance to positively impact on intention to repurchase with the need to deliver the service attributes that affect satisfaction and intention to repurchase at high quality level.
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Beunen, G., M. Ostyn, J. Simons, R. Renson, A. Claessens, B. Eynde, J. Lefevre, B. Vanreusel, R. Malina, and M. van't Hof. "Development and Tracking in Fitness Components: Leuven Longitudinal Study on Lifestyle, Fitness and Health." International Journal of Sports Medicine 18, S 3 (July 1997): S171—S178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-972710.

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Heiestad, Hege, Christina Gjestvang, and Lene A. H. Haakstad. "Investigating self-perceived health and quality of life: a longitudinal prospective study among beginner recreational exercisers in a fitness club setting." BMJ Open 10, no. 6 (June 2020): e036250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036250.

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ObjectivesThis study investigated self-perception of overall health (SPH) and quality of life (QoL) at onset and after 3, 6 and 12 months of fitness club membership. Also, we compared SPH and QoL between those who reported regular use of the fitness club (≥2 exercise sessions/week the last month) with those who did not (one exercise session/week or no exercise the last month).DesignLongitudinal prospective study.Setting25 fitness clubs in Oslo, Norway.ParticipantsIn total, 250 newly registered fitness club members (equal numbers of men and women, mean age=36.4±11.3 years, mean body mass index=25.7±4.4) were recruited. At onset (n=250), after 3 (n=224), 6 (n=213) and 12 months (n=187), the participants answered an electronic questionnaire, covering background variables, exercise involvement, perceived SPH and QoL.Outcome measuresSPH was measured by a single-item question, rating health status from poor to excellent on a 5-point scale. High SPH was dichotomised as excellent or good, and low SPH as moderate, fair or poor. QoL was measured on a 7-item scale, rating five statements and dichotomised according to a total max sum score of 35, with low QoL ≤25 and high QoL >25.ResultsRepeated measurements did not show any changes in SPH. In QoL, we observed an improvement in QoL sum score and a significant increase in mean scores for two out of five statements at 12 months follow-up: ‘In most ways, my life is close to my ideal’ (p=0.036) and‘If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing’ (p<0.001). Regular use of the fitness club was associated with high SPH (OR 3.532 (95% CI 1.60–7.82), p=0.002) and high QoL (OR 1.914 (95% CI 0.95–3.86), p=0.069). The results were unchanged after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionRegular attendance at a fitness club was associated with high SPH and high QoL at 12 months follow-up.
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Cheng, Jen-Son, Ming-Ching Yang, Ping-Ho Ting, Wan-Lin Chen, and Yi-Yu Huang. "Leisure, Lifestyle, and Health-Related Physical Fitness for College Students." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 39, no. 3 (April 30, 2011): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2011.39.3.321.

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DeNysschen, Carol A., Catherine Cardina, James J. Sobol, Bridget Zimmerman, and Alexander Gavronsky. "Health, wellness, and fitness training." International Journal of Police Science & Management 20, no. 1 (March 2018): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355718756412.

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Law enforcement can be a physically and mentally demanding occupation. It is well known that health and fitness is highly related to job performance, career longevity and safety. There is insufficient research on the development of higher education-based coursework in criminal justice programs that emphasize the development of healthful behavior patterns and physical fitness. The purpose of this study was to determine if successful completion of a 14-week health education and fitness training course would increase participants’ physical fitness and capabilities to perform essential physical fitness tasks needed for a career in law enforcement. Fifty-one college students participated in a health promotion program that included multiple components of wellness such as physical fitness, exercise principles, healthy eating behaviors, goal setting and stress management. Results indicated that a college-based health promotion course can successfully prepare physically fit and police academy-ready criminal justice graduates that have an educational foundation in healthy lifestyle.
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Bhatnagar, Shivansh. "Fitness and Health Website Review." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 20, 2021): 1606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36656.

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Technology is taking over the humans in every aspects of life now a days,a person carries whole world in their pocket there is many websites and mobile application on health and fitness, and that is also a way of carrying fitness trainer at cheap cost in your pocket, and take guidance whenever you want. Health and Fitness is very essential part of life which must be followed by each and every person in the world to live disease free and happy lifestyle. Health is wealth of a person, If a person is healthy then they can able to become backbone of their family. That is not necessary to go to gym to be fit, the person can maintain or control their mental and physical life without going out just by doing little exercise or yoga and taking proper nutritios meal at very cheap price. This research paper includes different methodologies of several author’s on health and fitness website.
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Shapar, Kateryna, N. V. Kovalchuk, and V. U. Rojkov. "Improving the health of students through fitness classes in the conditions of the sports club university." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 6(137) (June 22, 2021): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.6(137).31.

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The article deals with the theory and practice of the influence of fitness on the health promotion of students. The authors of the article conducted an experiment and found the effectiveness of fitness classes in the sports club to improve the health of students. As a result of the experiment, it was concluded that students are able to work better in their physical activity, interest in physical education, development of musicality, plasticity. Many students experienced normalization of body weight and formation of correct body posture. After the experiment, views on the physical perfection and level of preparation of students have changed significantly, through fitness classes, and make new demands on the content of fitness classes. This approach to the issue of physical education of students increases the importance of strength training (functional development of the muscular system, the formation of the figure and appearance) with consistently increased attention to the quality of aerobic fitness and performance. These two factors, namely new views on the problem of physical fitness and a limited period of training are key in planning and developing the content of new health techniques. Improved physical development of students was facilitated by dosed physical exercises in the form of moderate physical activity, with the help of fitness programs, as well as additional physical activities in extracurricular activities, which ultimately made it possible to effectively maintain the physical condition and health of students. The motive for activating fitness classes for students should be the positive impact of classes and improving physical fitness.
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Cheng, Kuei-Mei. "On Applying Six Sigma To Improving The Relationship Quality Of Fitness And Health Clubs." Journal of Service Science (JSS) 6, no. 1 (November 25, 2013): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jss.v6i1.8243.

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Running a fitness and health club is a service-intensive business. Although it is not an easy job to provide high quality and satisfying services to customers, it is in fact the ultimate goal for most fitness and health clubs. For this reason, providing quality services and building a good relationship with customers has become an important issue for operating and managing a fitness and health club. This study adopts Six Sigma and the performance evaluation matrix as two major research tools. By implementing the steps (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) of Six Sigma and through the nine performance boxes generated by the importance-satisfaction matrix (with importance as the horizontal axis and satisfaction as the vertical axis) of Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), this study aims to specifically identify the services most requested by customers in an effort to provide highly satisfying services and improve relationship quality.
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Shephard, Roy J., and Claude Bouchard. "Principal Components of Fitness: Relationship to Physical Activity and Lifestyle." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 19, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 200–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h94-015.

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Interrelationships between metabolic and cardiorespiratory health were examined in 350 healthy adults. Four principal components accounted for 66.7% of the variance in 172 males (M) and for 62.4% in 178 females (F). Factor 1, "obesity," related to body mass index, abdominal circumference, total skinfold thickness, and (M only) abdominal/hip circumference ratio. Factor 2, "cardiovascular fitness," had loadings from resting heart rate and PWC150/kg. Factors 3 and 4 were related to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, respectively (plus blood pressures, particularly in F). Factor 1 was linked to caffeine consumption and to exercise frequency (F) or perceived intensity (M). Factor 2 was linked to perceptions of activity relative to others (M and F) and to the intensity of activity (M only). Factors 3 and 4 were associated with perceived fitness and physical activity relative to others. Because perceptions of physical activity and fitness lack consistency, it is suggested that health be judged more directly from simple measures of health related fitness that require little subject cooperation. Key words: caffeine consumption, cardiorespiratory fitness, gender differences, health related fitness, metabolic fitness, perceived activity
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Ebenegger, Vincent, Vincent Ebenegger, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Susi Kriemler, Susi Kriemler, Andreas Nydegger, et al. "Differences in Aerobic Fitness and Lifestyle Characteristics in Preschoolers according to their Weight Status and Sports Club Participation." Obesity Facts 5, no. 1 (2012): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000336603.

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Pereira, Sara, Peter Todd Katzmarzyk, Thayse Natacha Gomes, Michele Souza, Raquel Nichele Chaves, Fernanda Karina dos Santos, Daniel Santos, Donald Hedeker, and José Maia. "A multilevel analysis of health-related physical fitness. The Portuguese sibling study on growth, fitness, lifestyle and health." PLOS ONE 12, no. 2 (February 10, 2017): e0172013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172013.

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Waring, Amanda. "Health club use and ‘lifestyle’: exploring the boundaries between work and leisure." Leisure Studies 27, no. 3 (July 2008): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02614360802048845.

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O'Halloran, Peggy, DeAnn Lazovich, Ruth E. Patterson, Lisa Harnack, Simone French, Sue J. Curry, and Shirley A. A. Beresford. "Effect of Health Lifestyle Pattern on Dietary Change." American Journal of Health Promotion 16, no. 1 (September 2001): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-16.1.27.

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Purpose. To examine the effect of lifestyle on the effectiveness of a low-intensity dietary intervention. Design. A secondary data analysis was performed using data from the Eating Patterns Study, a randomized controlled trial that found that self-help materials with physician advice was effective in changing dietary intake and behavior. Setting. Primary care clinics in a large health maintenance organization. Subjects. A total of 2111 patients with a routine scheduled appointment with their primary care physicians. Measures. Participants were grouped into one of six health lifestyle patterns based on similarities in baseline measures of alcohol intake, smoking, diet quality, and exercise. Within each lifestyle pattern, changes from baseline in usual fat and fiber intake (based on a food frequency) and a fat and fiber behavior score were compared at 3 months and 12 months for intervention vs. control participants. Intervention. Self-help materials delivered by a physician with advice to change diet. Results. Intervention participants in the fitness lifestyle group made the largest changes relative to controls for each dietary outcome at 3 and 12 months. For intervention participants defined by their alcohol intake or current smoking, either no changes in diet were observed compared with controls, or early changes were not sustained over time. Intervention-control comparisons within the remaining lifestyle patterns showed smaller dietary changes compared with the fitness lifestyle. This finding was similar to previously published results. Conclusions. This randomized controlled trial had limited power to detect subgroup differences; however, these results suggest that lifestyle patterns may be useful in the development of effective, targeted interventions to change behavior.
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Spielvogel, Laura Ginsberg. "The Discipline of Space in a Japanese Fitness Club." Sociology of Sport Journal 19, no. 2 (June 2002): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.19.2.189.

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This article explores the ways in which the spatial layout of the Japanese fitness club reflects and organizes bodies according to cultural ideologies of leisure, gender, status, and hygiene. Based on qualitative research conducted at two fitness clubs in Japan. I examine how social relationships between men and women, clients and employees, and managers and staff are structured by the enclosure and exposure of space, the division of rooms, and the attention to cleanliness. I argue that the architecture of the fitness club is lied to power inequities that serve to regulate and manage bodies according to late capitalist ideals of efficiency, productivity, and hygiene. I emphasize that these ideals, however, often present certain contradictions when juxtaposed against longstanding cultural standards of effort, health, and beauty in Japan.
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Fibbins, Hamish, Philip B. Ward, Jackie Curtis, Andrew Watkins, Oscar Lederman, Rachel Morell, and Simon Rosenbaum. "Effectiveness of a brief lifestyle intervention targeting mental health staff: analysis of physical fitness and activity in the Keeping Our Staff in Mind study." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, no. 1 (July 2020): e000761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000761.

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BackgroundPeople with mental illness die on average 15 years less than the general population, primarily to cardiometabolic disease. Lifestyle interventions are effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk but are not routinely provided to mental health consumers. Lifestyle interventions targeting mental health staff may be beneficial in changing culture surrounding physical health and subsequently improving consumer outcomes. This study examines exercise and fitness outcomes of a targeted lifestyle intervention directed at Australian mental health staff.MethodsA pragmatic single-arm intervention study was conducted within an Australian public mental health service. Mental health staff were provided a five-session individualised lifestyle intervention (incorporating exercise and nutritional counselling) over 5 weeks. Two waves of the programme were delivered between 2015 and 2016. This paper examines the exercise and fitness outcomes of the second wave of the study. Participants were assessed at baseline and at a 16-week follow-up. The primary exercise outcome was a measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness. Secondary outcomes included self-reported physical activity and a measurement of handgrip strength.ResultsA total of 106 staff participated in this component of the study. Cardiorespiratory fitness increased significantly from baseline to follow-up (p<0.001). Significant improvements to physical activity occurred with decreases in sedentary time (p<0.0005) and increases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p<0.005).ConclusionLifestyle interventions incorporating exercise counselling may improve the physical health of mental health staff. Such strategies may be effective in improving culture surrounding physical health and/or increasing the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions targeting mental health consumers.
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Kirwan, Morwenna, Christine L. Chiu, Mellissa Hay, and Thomas Laing. "Community-Based Exercise and Lifestyle Program Improves Health Outcomes in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 6147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116147.

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Background: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Beat It—a community-based exercise and lifestyle intervention—in improving anthropometric and physical fitness outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Australians with T2DM who were aged 60 years or older were included. These individuals were enrolled in Beat It, a twice-weekly supervised group exercise and education program conducted over 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements and physical fitness parameters were assessed at baseline and completion. Physical fitness measures were then compared to validated criterion standards of fitness levels required by older adults to remain physically independent into later life. Results: A total of 588 individuals were included in the study. At baseline, a substantial proportion of the cohort had physical fitness measures that were below the standard for healthy independent living for their gender and age. Significant improvements in waist circumference and physical fitness were observed post program and resulted in an increase in the number of participants who met the standard for healthy independent living. Conclusions: Participation in Beat It improved important health outcomes in older adults with T2DM. A longer-term follow-up is needed to determine whether these positive changes were maintained beyond the delivery of the program.
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Zerf, Mohammed, and Mohamed Hadjarkherfane. "Exit School and its Outcomes on Health-Related Fitness." Acta Facultatis Educationis Physicae Universitatis Comenianae 58, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afepuc-2018-0003.

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Summary School-based interventions are thought to be the most universally applicable and effective way to counteract low physical activity (PA) and fitness. Whereas Exit school it is not included. Method: For purpose, this controlled study verified the effect of Leaving school on the health relate to fitness among the unschooled. Results: Based on the validity of alpha health-related fitness test battery, the design of study and statistical processes applied within search limitation. Our results caution against school dropouts on levels of health relate to fitness among the unschooled. Admit in five motor abilities namely strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and coordinative abilities, according to present study. Reported in the benefit of student scholar as an active lifestyle. Conclusion: our results recommended all the Algerian dropouts-students to know the overall impact of participating and being involved in outdoor sport activities, subjected in this study as getting positive effects regarding active lifestyle, which in turn helps dropouts-students, to achieve a health-enhancing level of physical fitness and preventing them from disorders like obesity, laziness and stress related to life and their complication. A truth that leads us to recommended our teachers to understand the benefits of outdoor education sport or pro-socials activities contents as part of young people's educational experiences, to structure their free time in beneficial activities, including recreation, academic and cultural enrichment, opportunities for pursuit of individual interests and volunteer activities, especially before being expelled from their school.
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Koff, Elissa, and Connie L. Bauman. "Effects of Wellness, Fitness, and Sport Skills Programs on Body Image and Lifestyle Behaviors." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 2 (April 1997): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.2.555.

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140 college women participating in one of three types of physical education classes (wellness, fitness, sport skills) responded to questions about body image, body-self relations, and lifestyle behaviors at the onset and conclusion of a 6-wk. program. Pre-post changes for the wellness classes involved the largest number of domains and included increased satisfaction with body and physical appearance, more positive assessment of physical fitness and health, higher orientation toward fitness and health, and reports of positive changes in lifestyle behaviors Pre-post changes for the fitness classes were mainly in the fitness domain, including a more positive assessment of fitness, a higher orientation toward fitness, and an increase in fitness-oriented activities; increased satisfaction with body and physical appearance was also reported. Participation in sport-skills classes produced only one pre-post change, an increase in fitness-oriented activities. Possible reasons for the success of the wellness classes are discussed. Results suggest that participation in wellness classes provides students with a positive, proactive, empowered attitude toward their own health and well-being.
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Ermeley, Ziad. "Physical fitness and lifestyle behaviors among type2 diabetes Persons over 50 years old." DRASSA Journal of Development and Research for Sport Science Activities 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/jdrssa.v6i1.671.

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This study aimed to compare physical fitness and lifestyle behaviors among type2 daibetes subjects over the age of 50 years old, The sample consisted of (20) subjects, They were divided into two groups : group A included (10) type2 daibetes subjects who were regularly participants in physical activities in fitness classes, and group B included (10) type2 daibetes subjects who were not participants in physical activities. A lifestyle behaviors questionnaire was used to measure the lifestyle behaviors for both groups, hte questionnaire Included phrases related to : (Exercise and positive health practices, dietary habits, smoking habits, preventive health measures and amount of sleep) . In addition, to physical fitness tests: (strength endurance of the abdominal muscles, maximum strength of the hand muscles, and flexibility). The results revealed that the lifestyle behaviors in type2 daibetes persons in group A who were participating in physical activities was more healthy than group B who were non-participants, in conclusion ,participation in physical activities contributes to a better healthy lifestyle behaviors including regular exercise, regular dietary habits, not smoking and an adequate amount of sleep.
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Olafsdottir, A. S., S. S. Johannsdottir, S. A. Arngrimsson, and E. Johannsson. "Lifestyle intervention at sea changes body composition, metabolic profile and fitness." Public Health 126, no. 10 (October 2012): 888–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.06.011.

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Cuenca-García, Magdalena, Inge Huybrechts, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Francisco B. Ortega, Charlene Ottevaere, Marcela González-Gross, Luis A. Moreno, et al. "Clustering of Multiple Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-related Fitness in European Adolescents." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 45, no. 6 (November 2013): 549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.02.006.

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Pealo, W. G. "Health, Fitness and Lifestyle Programmes for Law Enforcement Programmes: Problems and Opportunities." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 66, no. 2 (April 1993): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x9306600210.

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Choi, Hea Gin. "Relationships between Lifestyle and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Female College Students." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 32 (May 31, 2008): 931–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2008.05.32.931.

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Andersen, R., K. D. Brownell, and W. L. Haskell. "The Health & Fitness Club Leader??s Guide???Administering a Weight Management Program." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 25, no. 2 (February 1993): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199302000-00028.

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Graf, Christine, and Nina Ferrari. "Metabolic Health—The Role of Adipo-Myokines." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 6159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246159.

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Obesity is now a worldwide epidemic. In recent years, different phenotypes of obesity, ranging from metabolically healthy normal weight to metabolically unhealthy obese, were described. Although there is no standardized definition for these phenotypes or for metabolic health, the influence of lifestyle and early-life factors is undisputed. In this context, the ratio of muscle-to-fat tissue seems to play a crucial role. Both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are highly heterogeneous endocrine organs secreting several hormones, with myokines and adipokines being involved in local autocrine/paracrine interactions and crosstalk with other tissues. Some of these endocrine factors are secreted by both tissues and are, therefore, termed adipo-myokines. High (cardiorespiratory) fitness as a surrogate parameter for an active lifestyle is epidemiologically linked to “better” metabolic health, even in the obese; this may be partly due to the role of adipo-myokines and the crosstalk between adipose and muscle tissue. Therefore, it is essential to consider (cardiovascular) fitness in the definition of metabolically healthy obese/metabolic health and to perform longitudinal studies in this regard. A better understanding of both the (early-life) lifestyle factors and the underlying mechanisms that mediate different phenotypes is necessary for the tailored prevention and personalized treatment of obesity.
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Težak Damijanić, Ana. "Wellness and healthy lifestyle in tourism settings." Tourism Review 74, no. 4 (September 25, 2019): 978–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-02-2019-0046.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the concept of wellness as a form of healthy lifestyle in tourism settings. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through a self-complete questionnaire administered to a sample of guests staying in wellness hotels in Croatia. These data were processed using univariate statistics (general description of the sample), cluster analysis (segmentation purposes), multinomial regression analysis (profiling the clusters) and confirmatory factor analysis (confirmation of wellness-related lifestyle). Findings Six wellness-related lifestyle dimensions (diet, fitness, social interactions, cultural diversity, health awareness and personal development) were confirmed, and four segments emerged (high-level wellness, diet- and health-oriented, fitness-oriented and low-level wellness clusters). They differed in their travel motivation. Originality/value This paper suggests a wellness-related lifestyle scale that integrates the elements of wellness intervention models and healthy lifestyle, confirms the link between healthy lifestyle and travel motivation and establishes the importance of the social, intellectual and spiritual dimensions of a tourist’s lifestyle.
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Bhatti, SN, A. Leidi, D. Leake, and J.-M. Li. "Studying biological science does not lead to adoption of a healthy lifestyle." Perspectives in Public Health 140, no. 4 (December 3, 2019): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757913919890889.

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Aims: The lifestyle and physical activity (PA) habits of young people play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases at older ages. The current generation of biological science students at university holds promise for better future medicine and medical technology. However, their physical fitness and lifestyle are often ignored. Methods: Lifestyle, PAs and common risk factors for cardiovascular disease before, and at, university were collected from 408 students using self-completed, anonymous surveys between the academic years of 2017 and 2019 from the School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS® 9.4 software. Results: Among the 408 participants, 134 were male and 274 were female with a mean ( SD) age of 19.6 (2.24). Approximately 19% of participants consumed alcohol beyond the safe limit of <14 units/week (112 g/week). Among them, 65% were males. Before university, 47% of students failed to meet the UK National Physical Activity Guidelines (NPAG) which increased to 56% during university with males exhibiting a steeper incline. Compared to their lifestyles before university, more students had insufficient sleep and displayed greater sedentariness during university. Moreover, 16% of students declared no engagement in PA which was greater than the value of 12% before university. Fitness perceptions worsened by 11% during university particularly for females. Statistical analysis revealed that gender, BMI and fitness perceptions were significantly correlated with PA levels. The most prevalent explanation for inadequacy in meeting NPAG was insufficient time. Conclusions: Compared to their pre-university lifestyles, biological science students at university are more likely to adopt unhealthier behaviours with less time for exercise and prolonged sedentary behaviours, which increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases. It is important to raise awareness of their fitness perceptions and to encourage health-promoting programmes at university.
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Vale, S., L. Soares-Miranda, R. Santos, C. Moreira, AI Marques, P. Santos, L. Teixeira, and J. Mota. "Influence of cardiorespiratory fitness and parental lifestyle on adolescents' abdominal obesity." Annals of Human Biology 38, no. 5 (July 12, 2011): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03014460.2011.590529.

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Sarpina, Sarpina, and LaOde Muhammad Bahtiar A. "APLIKASI PENGOLAHAN DATA PADA RECREATION AND HEALTH CLUB (RHC ) FITNESS CENTER SWISS-BELHOTEL KENDARI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN DELPHI 7.0." Simtek : jurnal sistem informasi dan teknik komputer 2, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51876/simtek.v2i1.33.

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Tujuan dari Aplikasi Pengolahan Data padaRecreation and Health Club(RHC)Fitness CenterSwiss-belHotel Kendari yaitu dapat membantu kinerjakaryawan yang bertugas dalam pengolahan data dandapat mempermudah proses registrasi member danbentuk penyimpanannya tersimpan didalam database.Aplikasi Pengolahan Data pada Recreation and HealthClub(RHC)Fitness Center Swiss-belHotel Kendarimenggunakan metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatansistem yaitu metode perancangan menggunakan DFD,Diagram Konteks, Level Nol. Metode perancangandatabase menggunakan ERD dan Relasi. Bahasapemrograman yang digunakan adalah menggunakanpemrograman Borland Delphi 7.0.
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McNamee, Jeff, Gay L. Timken, Sarah C. Coste, Tanya L. Tompkins, and Janet Peterson. "Adolescent girls’ physical activity, fitness and psychological well-being during a health club physical education approach." European Physical Education Review 23, no. 4 (July 18, 2016): 517–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x16658882.

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This pilot project aimed to demonstrate the efficacy and feasibility of an innovative physical education programme, referred to as a health club (HC) approach, in a high school setting. We measured adolescent girls’ moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), components of health-related physical fitness, and perceptions about themselves and physical activity (PA) during a 14-week programme. The HC approach produced high levels of MVPA. Pre/post physical fitness testing variables included height, weight, body mass index, waist measurement, sit and reach, grip strength, push-ups, sit-ups and a 10-minute walk test. Significant differences were found in participants’ flexibility and cardiovascular fitness at the conclusion of the 14-week programme. Participants reported greater perceived control over their PA, improvements in their physical self-concept across several domains, more positive feelings about appearance and strength and more positive global statements about their physical selves at post-test. The results of this study suggest that the HC approach is a promising approach that deserves further study.
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Marques, Marcelo, Emerson Franchini, José Carlos Ribeiro, and Gustavo Silva. "Metabolic indicators and energy expenditure in two models of health club classes: aerobic fitness class vs. strength fitness class." Sport Sciences for Health 14, no. 2 (March 2, 2018): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11332-018-0438-1.

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