Journal articles: 'Life in a small town'

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Durr, Marlese. "Small town life." Ethnography 11, no. 1 (March 2010): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138109346990.

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Chrzan, Janet. "Applied Anthropology, Politics and Small-Town Life." Anthropology News 49, no. 2 (February 2008): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/an.2008.49.2.22.

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Vete, Agne. "Changing character of town form during the XX−XXI c.: the case of Lithuanian small towns." Landscape architecture and art 16 (March 11, 2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.16.01.

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Although towns are constantly changing, changes may have a major impact on town character. Town character reflects the distinctiveness of town form and there is a risk that town may change unrecognisably. This issue is particularly close to small towns, which characters are especially fragile. Additionally, small towns are often neglected or undeservedly underestimated, though people already are searching for slower life and more authentic experiences. Nevertheless, small towns can offer close community, sense of place and attachment to it, local production, cheaper real estate and safe, sustainable environment. Undoubdetly, counterurbanisation processes are underway and Lithuania has a lot of resources for slow town concept development. Lithuanian urban settlement system consists of mostly small towns, so the research of changes of town form and their impact on the town character is extremely important. The article discusses what causes changes in small towns, paying the particular attention to the Lithuanian context. Initial methodological guidelines and insights give basis for further investigation and levels of changes are categorised. Preliminary findings state that due to the level of maturity, completeness of town form in relation to the ideology of the period and on the consequences of World War II, transformations had a different impact on town form during the second half of the XX c. and the extent of changes differ. The concept of the research is illustrated with a case study of Anykščiai town which analysis of changes of town form allows to define main transformations and actions for nurturing the character of the town. The article presents the assumption that the complex research of changes of town form may enable a possibility to identify the model of the town form character and define the townscape capacity.

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Rockoff, Stuart, and Lee Shai Weissbach. "Jewish Life in Small-Town America: A History." Journal of Southern History 72, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27649297.

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Faires, Nora. "Jewish Life in Small-Town America: A History." Annals of Iowa 66, no. 1 (January 2007): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0003-4827.1097.

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Waterston, Elizabeth. "Town and Country in John Galt: A Literary Perspective." Articles 14, no. 1 (August 13, 2013): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017878ar.

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John Galt, town-planner and novelist, differed from contemporary writers such as William Wordsworth in his response to nature and to urban life. As agent for the Canada Company, he had the chance in 1827 to put some of his theories about town building into practice. Four years later, his novel Bogel Corbet presented a fictional version of that experiment in urbanism. All Galt's writings about the founding of a town emphasize community rituals and unity. His hope was that his settlement would move through an ascending order from village to town to garrison to city. The actual town of Guelph was of course unable to satisfy his ideal; in Bogle Corbet he adopts an ironic tone at the expense of the little town. But Bogle Corbet has another importance: in its random form as well as in its tone it emphasizes discontinuity. It foreshadows later treatments of small town life as well as has antecedents in English and Scottish literature. Since Galt's time, the ironic sequence sketch has proved a very appropriate literary genre for reflecting the disharmony of small Canadian towns.

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Shevitz, Amy Hill. "Jewish Life in Small-Town America: A History (review)." American Jewish History 92, no. 3 (2004): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2006.0036.

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Glazier, Jack. "Jewish Life in Small-Town America: A History (review)." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 24, no. 4 (2006): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2006.0092.

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Agergaard, Jytte, Susanne Kirkegaard, and Torben Birch-Thomsen. "Between Village and Town: Small-Town Urbanism in Sub-Saharan Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031417.

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In the next twenty years, urban populations in Africa are expected to double, while urban land cover could triple. An often-overlooked dimension of this urban transformation is the growth of small towns and medium-sized cities. In this paper, we explore the ways in which small towns are straddling rural and urban life, and consider how insights into this in-betweenness can contribute to our understanding of Africa’s urban transformation. In particular, we examine the ways in which urbanism is produced and expressed in places where urban living is emerging but the administrative label for such locations is still ‘village’. For this purpose, we draw on case-study material from two small towns in Tanzania, comprising both qualitative and quantitative data, including analyses of photographs and maps collected in 2010–2018. First, we explore the dwindling role of agriculture and the importance of farming, businesses and services for the diversification of livelihoods. However, income diversification varies substantially among population groups, depending on economic and migrant status, gender, and age. Second, we show the ways in which institutions, buildings, and transport infrastructure display the material dimensions of urbanism, and how urbanism is planned and aspired to. Third, we describe how well-established middle-aged households, independent women (some of whom are mothers), and young people, mostly living in single-person households, explain their visions and values of the ways in which urbanism is expressed in small towns. In conclusion, we discuss the implications of this urban life-in-becoming of small towns for urban planning, emphasizing the importance of the development of inclusive local governance. Ultimately, we argue that our study establishes an important starting point for further explorations of the role of the simultaneous production and expression of urbanism in small town urbanization.

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Estep, Rhoda, Joseph A. Novack, and Deborah G. Helsel. "Impaired Small Town Physicians and Their Spouses." Journal of Drug Issues 19, no. 3 (July 1989): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268901900304.

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Based on the results of a self-administered questionnaire completed by 107 wives of physicians in a rural central California county, this exploratory study examines dimensions of the physician's work and family life associated with excessive use of alcohol. Avoiding the bias of the use of a treatment population, the study seeks to analyze the factors that are predictive of alcohol impairment in physicians' living and practicing in rural areas where role strain is increased. The stress theory's role in explaining alcohol abuse is explored. Several variables associated with increased probability of impairment are identified, including poor relationships with in-laws, extramarital affairs, the intrusion of business into family life, and excessive drinking by one's spouse. Further studies with larger samples are needed to elaborate on and confirm these initial findings.

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Marín, Miguel Ángel. "Sound and urban life in a small Spanish town during the ancien régime." Urban History 29, no. 1 (May 2002): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926802001050.

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Although urban historians have recently begun to study the city and the senses, relatively few have investigated the aural environment experienced by the ear. To a certain extent, towns are thus characterized as silent societies and sounds of whatever kind are not viewed as an integral part of urban life. This article, based on a small Spanish town called Jaca, aims to describe some of its most notable sounds during the ancien régime and to explore how inhabitants perceived them. Such an approach provides a deeper and more comprehensive insight into the totality of the urban experience of townspeople of the period, and also suggests some new lines of enquiry for future musicological research.

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Lin, Lin. "Carbon emission assessment of the life cycle of a small town sewage treatment plant." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 04034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911804034.

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The rise of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentration has caused global warming to become a consensus in human society. Carbon emissions from sewage treatment plants are one of the main sources of emissions. Among them, carbon emissions from small town sewage treatment plants cannot be ignored. Based on the life cycle (LCA) evaluation theory, the assessment scope of life cycle carbon emissions of small town sewage treatment plants is defined, and a corresponding evaluation system is constructed. According to the system, the carbon emissions of a small town sewage treatment plant in Jilin are evaluated. Based on the assessment results, the ways to reduce carbon emissions from small town sewage treatment plantswere discussed to provide a reference for their emission reduction.

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Grigsby, Mary. "Habits of the Heartland: Small-Town Life in Modern America." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 40, no. 3 (April 22, 2011): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306110404515aa.

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Gritsenko, V. V., L. V. Ostapenko, and I. A. Subbotina. "The Importance of Civil, Ethnic and Regional Identity for Residents from Small Russian Towns and its Determinants." Social Psychology and Society 11, no. 4 (2020): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2020110412.

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Objective. The objective of the study is to analyze the subjective significance attached by residents of small towns to civil, ethnic and regional identities and to identify its determinants. Background. The growth of uncertainty and social and economic instability in society actualize the processes in the social identification of the person. Under these conditions the study of civic, ethnic and regional identities of residents from provincial towns in the Russian Federation as an important resource for group solidarity is of particular importance. Study design. The authors rely on H. Tajfel and J. Turner’s theory of social identity. We conducted a survey among residents in the town Belev, Tula region, and the town Staritsa, Tver region, characterized by mono-ethnicity, negative demographic dynamics, remoteness from the capital and its regional centers. Participants. The study involved 600 ethnic Russians (50.8% women). The quota sample in both towns included three age groups: 16—29 years old, 30—49 years old, 50 and older, each group included 100 people. Measurements. The questionnaire was developed and tested at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences. The questions are aimed at determining the identification degree of respondents with various social groups, as well as assessing satisfaction with various aspects of life and confidence in their own future and the future of their town. For data processing we used methods of descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test, multiple regression analysis, SPSS 18.0. Results. We have found high rates of subjective significance of civic, ethnic and regional identities for respondents. Moreover residents of small towns identify themselves more with representatives of their folk, less with residents of their town/region and even less with citizens of their country. The determinants of the subjective significance in the investigated types of identity for old people are satisfaction with various aspects of life, while residents in town Belev have unlimited love for their native town, pride and faith in its future prosperity. Conclusions. The study showed that residents of small towns are looking for reliance, support and protection, primarily in identification with their ethnic group. The resource for maintaining positive self-determination is also regional identity. Moreover regional identity in this case plays an important consolidating role acting as a mechanism for the social integration of civil society.

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Markovic, Daniel, and Anna Zilova. "Foreigners in the town. Experience of voluntary immigrants living in a small town." SHS Web of Conferences 68 (2019): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196801003.

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The aim of the paper is to unveil the experiences of voluntary immigrants to Slovakia related to their life in a small Slovak town and to identify opportunities for intervention through social work, particularly experience in the field of interpersonal relations, employment or during studies, and in the economic field. In research, we are interested in voluntary migrants who chose small towns in Slovakia, which are culturally and linguistically homogeneous. We have chosen a qualitative research strategy. Research design is grounded theory. As a research tool, we chose an individual structured interview (In-Depth Interview). For qualitative analysis of data, we used the coding; we set descriptive and inductive codes, subcategories and categories. The subject of research is eight voluntary immigrants to Slovakia who live in small towns for at least one year at the time of research. Thus, they meet the long-term migration criterion. Participants were selected on a deliberate basis to cover the phenomenon of voluntary migration. Due to the chosen research design, theoretical sampling is the case.

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McCann, Larry. "People and Places: Studies of Small Town Life in the Maritimes." Labour / Le Travail 24 (1989): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143304.

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Hornsby, Stephen J. "People and Place: Studies of small town life in the Maritimes." Journal of Historical Geography 16, no. 4 (October 1990): 485–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-7488(90)90172-8.

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Zawadzka, Alicja K. "Architectural and Urban Attractiveness of Small Towns: A Case Study of Polish Coastal Cittaslow Towns on the Pomeranian Way of St. James." Land 10, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10070724.

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The paper presents the results of a study on the attractiveness to tourists and natives of the cultural qualities of coastal towns on The Pomeranian Way of St. James that are members of the Cittaslow network. Attention to the quality of urban life is inscribed in the development policies of towns applying to join the Cittaslow movement. In order to join the network (apart from the size criterion), towns need to meet a minimum of 50% plus one of the 72 criteria grouped into seven categories. One of the category is Quality of Urban Life Policy, so the towns applying to join Cittaslow commit themselves to actions aimed at improving the quality of urban life. The study on the attractiveness of cultural qualities of towns to tourists and natives was conducted using the author’s BRB method, whose added value is its universality and the possibility to study small towns regardless of their membership in the Cittaslow network. BRB is an acronym that stands for BUILDINGS, RELATIONSHIPS, BALANCE, and comprises three scopes of activities: BUILDINGS (iconic building and important sites where the inhabitants and the tourists are present); RELATIONSHIPS (the visual effects of the relations between the inhabitants and the town) and BALANCE (solutions that implement modern technologies). This method enables identification of places that are important to the inhabitants, where urban life takes place and which are often created with the involvement of the inhabitants. These are often the same spaces as those that attract tourists and perhaps stimulate them the desire to visit the town again (BRB—be right back). The aim of the BRB method is shown the attractiveness of small towns. The study has shown that the characteristic feature of Polish Cittaslow towns is their diversity: the architectural attractiveness of three towns is high both to tourists and natives. On the other hand, the urban attractiveness of the examined towns is an insufficient.

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Jones, Michel. "Small-town life in a late medieval Burgundy: the case of Cluny." Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire 78, no. 2 (2000): 359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rbph.2000.4448.

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Houle, Jason, Breandan Jennings, G. W. F. Meyer, Pat Rafail, and Richard Simon. "Book Review: Methland: The Death and Life of an American Small Town." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 38, no. 6 (November 2009): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009430610903800672.

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Ashley, Amanda Johnson. "Book Review: Habits of the Heartland: Small-Town Life in Modern America." Journal of Planning Education and Research 36, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x15617261.

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Tagaya, Akira, Shigeyo Okuno, Masae Tamura, and Anne J. Davis. "Social support and end‐of‐life issues for small town Japanese elderly." Nursing & Health Sciences 2, no. 3 (September 2000): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2000.00049.x.

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PERRY-JENKINS, MAUREEN, and SONYA SALAMON. "Blue-collar Kin and Community in the Small-town Midwest." Journal of Family Issues 23, no. 8 (November 2002): 927–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251302237298.

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This study examines community, kin networks, and family life linkages in a working-class small town. Specifically, household perceptions of community and kin networks obtained from an ethnographic study of a small Midwestern town are linked in a second interview study to residents' assessments of their personal well-being and the quality of their family relationships. The simple presence of kin nearby, however, is shown to be unrelated to either personal well-being or the quality of family relationships. Only when kin in close proximity are viewed as supportive does their presence have positive implications for family life. In fact, families are better off with no kin living nearby than with nonsupportive relatives in the same community. The findings highlight the importance of using an ecological perspective to disentangle the many layers of contexts that interact and affect the daily lives and relationships of families.

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Thomas, Lewis G. "Okotoks: From Trading Post to Suburb." Urban History Review 8, no. 2 (November 13, 2013): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019375ar.

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In spite of a growing interest in urban history, Canadian scholars have paid little attention to small towns. In this article a small town in southern Alberta is examined during the years 1890-1950, with particular attention paid to the decade of the 1920s. The author argues that a closer examination of such small centres might throw new light on the complex patterns of Canadian development. Small towns like Okotoks provided a means whereby the first generation of Alberta settlers, predominantly English-speaking, Protestant and British oriented, asserted their peculiar values in the life of the province in spite of the arrival after 1896 of new waves of settlers from the United States and continental Europe.

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ALI, TARIQ OMAR. "Agrarian Forms of Islam:Mofussildiscourses on peasant religion in the Bengal delta during the 1920s." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 5 (April 11, 2017): 1311–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000093.

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AbstractDuring the 1920s, a new genre of didactic poems prescribing the proper Islamic practice of everyday peasant lives were published out of printing presses in deltaic, eastern Bengal's small towns. This article argues that these printed poems constituted a discourse of agrarian Islam that prescribed reforms in peasant material life—work, commerce, consumption, attire, hairstyle, and patriarchal authority—as a means of ensuring the viability of peasants’ market-based livelihoods. The article examines the emergence of a small-town Muslim intelligentsia that authored and financed the publications of these poems out of the Bengal delta's small-town printing industry. Eschewing communalism as an analytical frame in understanding South Asian Muslim identities, this article argues that Bengali peasant Muslim subjectivity was located in peasant engagements with agrarian markets. Agrarian Islamic texts urged Muslim cultivators to be good Muslims and good peasants, by working hard, reducing consumption, and balancing household budgets.

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Cottyn, Ine. "Conforming with the urban ideal? ‘New urbanites’ in Rwanda’s emerging towns." International Development Planning Review: Volume 43, Issue 3 43, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 345–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2020.16.

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The Rwandan government is taking a very directive approach to the process of urbanisation, based on an urban model that is strongly influenced by modernist discourses and guided by neoliberal policies. Its pursuit of an ideal of ‘modern urbanity’ in rapidly growing small towns implies an ideal type of modern urbanite; however, not everyone fits this ideal. The focus of this article is on those urban inhabitants who are considered to be on ‘the urban margins’. I argue that it is the practices of these people that constitute and define the flexible and mobile nature of the lived reality of small-town life that forms an essential part of African urbanisation and small-town development today. In the Rwandan case, rigidly sticking to the implementation of blueprint planning fails to recognise this bottom-up urbanisation, feeding the perception that urban areas are becoming an elite space.

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Cavallo, Dominick, James Oliver Robertson, and Janet C. Robertson. "All Our Yesterdays: A Century of Family Life in an American Small Town." American Historical Review 99, no. 5 (December 1994): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2168532.

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Balcar, J. "Small Town and Village in Bavaria: The Passing of a Way of Life." German History 31, no. 2 (December 13, 2012): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghs126.

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Westrate, Michael T. "In the Shadow of the Shtetl: Small-Town Jewish Life in Soviet Ukraine." East European Jewish Affairs 46, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501674.2016.1144133.

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Ganis, Alberto. "The Global in the Life of a Small Town: the Case of Udine." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 18, no. 1-2 (January 18, 2019): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341511.

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Abstract This exploratory study examines how inhabitants of the Italian town of Udine make sense of the global through their daily interactions with their city, and the preexisting discourses they use to talk about it. The respondents discuss the global, mainly borrowing from nationalistic discourses, which connect to two focal points that seem to lead the understanding of the global: difference in the culture, represented by the people and the food, and capitalism represented by the commercial centers. Ultimately, the research notes that the comprehension of globalization stems from the normality or exceptionality of the “other” in relation to its sociocultural and urban context.

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Levin, David. "Soccer discourse and the daily life of adolescents in a small Israeli town." Soccer & Society 13, no. 1 (December 19, 2011): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2012.627171.

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Zueva, E. L., and M. A. Girny. "Survival strategies of population in a single-industry town." Regional'nye issledovaniya, no. 4 (2019): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/10.5922/1994-5280-2019-4-11.

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The article presents the results of a study of survival strategies of the population in a single-industry town using the example of Chusovoy (Perm Krai). Single-industry towns perform a special role in the economic development of regions and the country in general. The authors have identified the most common survival strategies and the adaptation of the population to the socio-economic situation in a single-industry town. The results of the study indicate that the standards of living in these settlements are relatively low. Measures are currently taken to diversify the economy of single-industry towns and to create new industries and conditions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses and to stabilize employment. It is important to understand the impact of all the mechanisms used. The authors highlight the importance of the current social strategies for adapting to life in a single- industry town. This analysis of Chusovoy showed the need to develop recommendations to speed up the development of the territory, to reduce the shortcomings in the implementation the TOSER conception (territories of advanced social and economic development), to elaborate other mechanisms for assisting single-industry towns. Taking into account the current survival strategies of the population, it is possible to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of supports mechanism for single-industry towns.

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Shokoohy, Mehrdad, and Natalie H. Shokoohy. "Tughluqabad, the earliest surviving town of the Delhi sultanate." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 57, no. 3 (October 1994): 516–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00008892.

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Tughluqabad is the first of many sultanate and Mughul towns which were purposely planned and constructed on previously uninhabited sites. Built early in the fourteenth century, Tughluqabad was to serve as the capital of the newly established Tughluq dynasty. There were, of course, three earlier Muslim capitals in the vicinity, the first the Delhi of Rāi Pithūrā, converted to an Islamic town after the Ghurid conquest in 588/1192–3; the second Jalāl al-dīn Khahīs Shahr-i naw, which was founded by Muՙiẓẓ al-dīn Kai Qubād (685–8/1286–9) at Kīlukharī (or Kīlugharī) but left incomplete at the time of his death, and the third Sīrī, built by Alՙ al-dīn Khaljī between 698/1298–9 and 700/1300–1 in the fields outside the walls of the older Delhi, but nothing has remained from these towns except parts of the fortification walls and some isolated monuments. The ruins of Tughluqabad, on the other hand, are enshrined in a time capsule. Built between 1320 and 1325 by Ghiyāth al-dīn Tughluq, the town had a brief life, and within a generation was abandoned and its population reduced to the size of a small village. As a result, most of its remains are datable to the short period of its duration in the first half of the fourteenth century. The only exception, as we shall see, are the remains of a small settlement which continued to exist around the old town centre, and in the late Mughal period also occupied the citadel.

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Zagroba, Marek. "Historic Spatial Layouts in Small Towns in Warmia and Their Role in the Current Life of Inner Town Areas." Technical Sciences 13, no. -1 (November 1, 2010): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10022-010-0009-4.

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Kotval, Zenia, and John Mullin. "The Revitalization of New England's Small Town Mills: Breathing New Life into Old Places." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 24, no. 2 (March 2009): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690940902717121.

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Gholson, M. R. "How Strange it Seems: The Cultural Life of Jews in Small-Town New England." Oral History Review 36, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohp063.

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Jayne, Mark. "Habits of the Heartland: Small Town Life in Modern America - By Lyn C. Macgregor." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 35, no. 4 (June 10, 2011): 883–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01068_5.x.

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DECRAENE, ELLEN. "Sisters of early modern confraternities in a small town in the Southern Netherlands (Aalst)." Urban History 40, no. 2 (December 20, 2012): 247–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926812000764.

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ABSTRACT:This article analyses female agency within the religious confraternities active in an early modern town in the Southern Netherlands in order to gain an insight into women's positions within a (semi-)public urban network and thus beyond the household. The analysis suggests that confraternities did not provide women with opportunities to develop a significant public role within the town. Nonetheless, while there is little evidence that early modern religious confraternities functioned as social networks, female agency on the religious level of confraternal life did exist. It is argued that many of these women were active agents in their own spiritual lives.

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Taylor, Sarah. "Growing Up in a Steel Town: Early-Life Pollution Exposure and Later-Life Mortality." Social Science History 44, no. 1 (2020): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2019.45.

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ABSTRACTAn important hypothesis about the disease burden of air pollution is that high levels of exposure in childhood can result in a lifetime of health problems, leading to increased mortality rates at older ages. I evaluate this hypothesis using a proprietary data set—Medicare records matched to Social Security records that identify birthplace. I analyze old-age mortality among 390,000 individuals born in small cities and towns in Pennsylvania during the years 1916 through 1927. Some of these individuals were born in places with steel production, and thus likely had exposure to high levels of air pollution in childhood. These individuals have significantly higher rates of mortality post–age 65 than those born in comparable towns that did not have steel production facilities. There are three notable features of the excess mortality among those born in steel towns: (1) the relationship holds for comparisons within counties, (2) the excess mortality is higher in towns that had relatively higher levels of steel production, and (3) old-age mortality is especially high for individuals born in locations with relatively high levels of steel production and relatively low elevation—a finding consistent with the possibility that low-elevation locations were subject to atmospheric inversions that trapped air pollution. By matching the SSA/Medicare data with death certificate data, I am able to establish that the excess mortality associated with childhood exposure to air pollution is due primarily to elevated levels of cancer.

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Palko, Olena. "Jeffrey Veidlinger, In the Shadow of the Shtetl: Small-Town Jewish Life in Soviet Ukraine." European History Quarterly 46, no. 4 (September 2016): 787–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691416658234at.

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Ortiz, M., R. G. Raluy, and L. Serra. "Life cycle assessment of water treatment technologies: wastewater and water-reuse in a small town." Desalination 204, no. 1-3 (February 2007): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.026.

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McGrath, Brian, and Orla McGarry. "The religio-cultural dimensions of life for young Muslim women in a small Irish town." Journal of Youth Studies 17, no. 7 (January 30, 2014): 948–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2013.878793.

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Trachtenberg, Barry. "Jeffrey Veidlinger. In the Shadow of the Shtetl: Small-Town Jewish Life in Soviet Ukraine." American Historical Review 119, no. 5 (December 2014): 1813–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/119.5.1813.

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Konno, Keita, Yuriko Katsumata, Asuna Arai, and Hiko Tamashiro. "Functional status and active life expectancy among senior citizens in a small town in Japan." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 38, no. 2 (March 2004): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2003.09.002.

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Yildiz, Hélène, Sandrine Heitz-Spahn, and Lydie Belaud. "Explaining small-retailer patronage through social capital theory." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 45, no. 6 (June 12, 2017): 641–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-11-2015-0173.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand why people shop at small retailers in their community. The authors investigate the influence of consumers’ civic commitment, measured at behavioural and perceptual levels, on small-retailer patronage (SRP). Design/methodology/approach Data from 984 respondents represent four French cities that host common town-centre shopping streets and large out-of-town retail parks. A structural equation model applied to the theoretical framework tests the relationships between civic behavioural commitment (CBC), civic perceptual commitment (CPC) and declared SRP. Findings The more an individual consumer exhibits civic behavioural commitment (CBC) to his/her community, the greater his/her small-retailer patronage (SRP). Furthermore, consumers who express strong civic perceptual commitment (CPC) prefer to patronise small retailers. Results show that CPC has a stronger impact on SRP than CBC does. Practical implications If the CPC has stronger effects on SRP than CBC does, town managers can catch people’s attention by communicating civic commitment to enhance CPC. Solidarity could be developed through large-scale social projects to send a strong signal to consumers regarding retailers’ commitment in the community. Finally, the study highlights the role businesses, retailers and consumers play in building communities. Partnerships across all local stakeholders should be built. Originality/value This paper is the first to define civic behavioural commitment within consumers’ life place based on social capital theory. Moreover, it offers a new framework for understanding perception of commitment within a community, and its impact on SRP. This measurement scale allows more efficient capturing of civic commitment to communities.

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Ban, Youngkwan. "Talking to the Small Tableau: Touring the Site of Mediatized Memory and Forgiveness in Bongha." Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies 19, no. 5 (December 22, 2018): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532708618819632.

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In this article, I observe the way Bongha, a small town of South Korea, constructs the tourist experience, using continually maintained silence regarding certain aspects of the past. The town became famous after the former president Moo-hyun Roh committed a politically controversial suicide in 2009. Then Bongha serves as memory- dispositif, putting forward memory aids for Roh that are chosen to highlight his life selectively. Visitors participate in this covert silence by coordinating their behavior into unscripted, but noticeable norms. Touring Bongha brings one into an encounter with mediated memory, and the mourners atone and engage in a pilgrimage to this remote site, full of pregiven memories of Roh, which caused them a sense of indebtedness.

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Gudor, Kund Botond. "Benő Karácsony (1888-1944) and Alba Iulia." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Historica 24, no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 129–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2020.24.1.5.

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The relation of Benő Karácsony with Alba Iulia was not just a relation between childhood and youth, but one that influenced the entire life of the writer. The spiritus loci of Downtown animated the writer’s adulthood work. Living in the area, at the time inhabited especially by Hungarians and Jews, the writer fully relives the dichotomy of the military and, at the same time, administrative town, over which the Citadel rose with its distinct life. The inward tragedy of the writer cannot be understood without relation to his native town. Benő Karácsony (Bernát Klärmann) grew up in the spirituality of Jewish cultural assimilation with a Hungarian cultural identity. Talking about himself, he allows us to recognize a hybrid identity: he considers himself Hungarian, and of the Jewish religion. He spent his childhood under the romanticism bestowed on him by the livelihood of the small bourgeoisie from the town on Mureș. The memories of his childhood and youth further prevailed during the adulthood period spent in Cluj. Karácsony uniquely grasped the spirit of the town, whose two elements, the Citadel and the Downtown, seemed to have been dueling for centuries. His writings are pierced by the lightness of the spiritual and administrative connection between the two differently organized urban entities, the conflicts of this connection, towns inside a town, which seemed to live schizoidly and simultaneously under the great transformations of history. However, the humor, often critical and bitter, allows the reader to grasp urbanization and modernization in Alba Iulia in the early twentieth century. The Hungarian Jew, Benő Karácsony, one of the most notable characters of the Transylvanian literature of the twentieth century, died, exterminated as a Jew in Oświęcim (Auschwitz) in 1944, despondent of the falseness of the society in which he lived.

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STRZYŻ, Małgorzata, and Maria ŚMIGIELSKA. "SPATIAL PLANNING AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL URBAN TOWNS – VISIONS OF THE 21ST CENTURY." Studia Miejskie 31 (October 27, 2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/sm.2373.

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Today, spatial planning is playing a more and more significant role in forming spatial development at the local level (municipality, town/city). It is closely connected with numerous documents underlying the implementation of the sustainable policy in the sphere of local development. The article presents an analysis of relevant planning documents at the national level, especially, at the level of the Podlaskie, Świętokrzyskie and Opolskie Voivodeships (provinces). Based on the analysis of spatial functioning in the range of small cities (towns) located in two provinces in the so-called Poland B (Eastern Poland) and one province in the so-called Poland A, the initial recognition of the impact of small urban centres on theregional development was made at different levels. The current economic system rooted in the premises of the innovative development of regions requires conducting detailed studies in the field of investigating its internal structure and external dependencies. As a complex, dynamic mechanism, generating an increase in the quality of life corresponding to the human resources, it also requires an appropriate management remaining in harmony with modern, strategic and spatial economy. The article selectively determines the problems appearing in the economic system of a region and indicates the need to solve the most essential development problems, e.g. those arising due to the obligatory introduction of social and economic scientific descriptions as the fundamental documents for the needs of creating sustainable development of the small-town landscape.

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Osokina, Elena A. "Comment: Life and Fate of Western Revisionism." Slavic Review 67, no. 3 (2008): 716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27652948.

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In 1969, when Sheila Fitzpatrick defended her dissertation in Oxford, I lived on the other side of the “iron curtain.” Being a happy Soviet Young Octobrist at an elementary school in the small town of Klimovsk, in the Moscow region, I knew about neither Iosif Stalin nor the birth of revisionism in western historiography. Even later as a history student at Moscow State University, the institution that provided the best academic education in the Soviet Union, I did not have the slightest idea about the ongoing bitter struggle between the advocates of the Cold War vision of Stalinism and the younger generation of historians who rejected that view.

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Malikova, Maria. "Cultural life in small towns in Slovakia." International Review of Sociology 5, no. 2-3 (July 1994): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03906701.1994.9971175.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Life in a small town'

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