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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Life events'
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Tollman, Zackary Donald. "Rumination about stressful life events measuring post-event rumination /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2008/z_tollman_051209.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in psychology)--Washington State University, December 2008.Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 10, 2009). "Department of Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-33).
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Orrell, Martin William. "Life events in senile dementia." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1994. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/life-events-in-senile-dementia(35b7b188-0dfc-4e09-b4cc-b3cf3ce82236).html.
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Barraclough, Jennifer Elizabeth. "Life events and breast cancer prognosis." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295904.
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Haigh, Anne-Marie Francoise. "The Alzheimer's Disease Life Events Study." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2009. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/9c1acdb7-0df9-4046-ec50-810f9122e1d0/1.
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The Alzheimer's Disease Life Events study examines whether there is a relationship between life events and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ADLE study uses a mixed methods approach to answer the central research question:Are life events a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? The central research question uses the following theory questions to examine:1. Is there a difference between the number of life events between patients and controls, using the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS)(Brown and Harris, 1978) as a measurement tool?2. Is there a difference in the way (i.e. positive, neutral and negative) life events are discussed and in the range of emotions expressed when discussing life events between the patients and controls? 3. Are there any differences in the narrative constructions of life events, as interpreted by the Biographic Narrative Interpretive Method (BNIM)(Wengraf, 2001, 2008) between the patient and control groups? 4. Can the differences, between the patient and control groups, in the narratives be developed into a diagnostic marker? 5. Can the Emotion Word Coding (EWC)(Danner et aI., 2000) be used as a diagnostic marker by being applied to text collected from patients and controls over a period of decades? The ADLE study found that the patient group had experienced more life events in comparison with the control group as defined by the LEOS (Brown and Harris, 1978), and that the patient group had experienced more bereavements under the age of 51 years. The evidence supports the association between life events and AD.Even though there were significantly more life events experienced by the patients, the EWC (Danner et aI., 2001) found significantly fewer discussions expressing emotion bythe patients, particularly the negatively described ones. The range of negative and positive words used to describe the life events was significantly fewer too. This implies that the ways the patients express emotions about life events is substantially different from the controls. This finding was mirrored in the thematic field analysis of the BNIM interviews (Wengraf, 2001, 2008), which found differences in the content and structure of the narratives, and the emotional expression in the narratives about life events. A tool has been constructed using the differences between patients and controls to contribute to the early diagnosis of AD. In addition, the ADLE study has contributed to a gap in the knowledge about life events and AD.
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Robinson, Melinda. "You only live once: Do life events shape authentic leaders?" Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/112505/2/Melinda_Robinson_Thesis.pdf.
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In this thesis research in Authentic Leadership and its relationship to life events and self-knowledge is continued. Through a quantitative analysis of data from over 150 leaders, a relationship was found between leaders with many life events and the strength of their authentic leadership. Additionally, there was evidence supporting the positive impact of recalling life events prior to reporting on authentic leadership. Consequently, a potential process for authentic leadership enhancement has been uncovered through this study.
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Butjosa, Molines Anna. "Stressful life events and first-episode psychosis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461706.
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Nowadays, advances in affective and social neuroscience have shown how the exposure to environmental factors has an impact on the structure and functioning of the brain being thus, active agents in the formation of an individual’s level of vulnerability. There is an increasing interest in the influence of stress on many diseases including a first-episode psychosis (FEP).
From the stress-vulnerability model (Zubin & Spring, 1977) to the current models of neural diathesis-stress (Pruessner et al., 2017), schizophrenia is conceptualised as an episodic disorder in which there is vulnerability and stress due to biological and/or environmental factors. This suggests that patients are likely predisposed to manifesting psychotic episodes induced by the impact of precipitating factors, such as stressful life events (SLEs). In FEP, the role of stressors, specifically SLEs, as predisposing factors or adjuvants to the onset of the disease is relevant. These events are circumstances that occur in the lives of people with an identifiable beginning and end which have the potential to alter their current mental or physical status. However, there are very few studies on SLEs in patients with schizophrenia - and even fewer in patients with FEP-, thereby emphasising the need for such studies. SLEs can be treated as prodromal events, which together with other events, contribute to the appearance of later psychotic symptomatology. Indeed, it is likely that the diversity of environmental factors associated with schizophrenia may be linked to an equal number of different underlying mechanisms. Several studies have evaluated the role of SLEs, but most of the studies include these events as trauma, what makes their research and evaluation more difficult and complicated.
This thesis was aimed at achieving adequate and effective early intervention in psychotic disorders since: i) in general, few studies have specifically evaluated SLEs; ii) no studies have analysed the age of onset of FEP in relation to SLEs; iii) no studies have been found about gender differences, family history and psychotic symptomatology in relation to SLEs; and iv) no instruments are available to assess SLEs along the life cycle.
The main objective of this thesis was to evaluate the relationship between SLEs and the development of FEP. This objective was developed under three specific objectives: 1) to systematically review the literature available on SLEs and FEP, 2) to evaluate the impact of SLEs and the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the appearance of FEP, and 3) to validate an instrument to measure SLEs in FEP and in a healthy population.
The data obtained in this thesis provide more in depth knowledge regarding SLEs and their evaluation and detection as well as the relationship of these events with clinical variables and symptoms in a sample of patients with FEP and healthy controls. The objective of identifying
SLEs across the stress-vulnerability model psychosis phenotype continuum may provide insights into the aetiology of this disorder and may lead to the development of strategies for its prevention and treatment.
We provide further corroboration that rather than being a correlate of frank psychosis, the variability of SLEs may play an important role in FEP populations and this is of great relevance to the practice of professionals dedicated to detecting, caring for, and treating people with this disease. The work presented in this thesis is framed within the stress-vulnerability model and the clinical staging model, which considers the phenotypic continuum reflecting a shared interactive set of diathesis, psychosocial and sociocultural factors.
Currently, few studies have evaluated SLEs in these sample types and there is a need to obtain more in depth information on the influence of SLEs in these populations in which genetics and stress play a relevant role.Actualment, els avenços en la neurociència afectiva i social han demostrat com l’exposició als factors ambientals influeix en l’estructura i la funció del cervell, essent agents actius en la formació del nivell de vulnerabilitat de l’individu. A més, hi ha un interès creixent en la influència de l’estrès en moltes malalties, incloent un primer episodi psicòtic (PEP). Des del model de vulnerabilitat-estrès (Zubin i Spring, 1977) fins als models actuals de diàtesi- estrès neural (Pruessner et al., 2017), l’esquizofrènia es conceptualitza com un trastorn episòdic en què hi ha vulnerabilitat i estrès a causa de factors biològics i/o ambientals. Això suggereix que probablement els pacients estiguin predisposats a manifestar episodis psicòtics induïts per l’impacte dels factors precipitants, com els esdeveniments vitals estressants (EVEs). En el PEP, és rellevant el paper dels estressors, específicament EVEs, com a factors predisponents o adjuvants a l’aparició de la malaltia. Aquesta tesi tenia com a objectiu aconseguir una intervenció primerenca adequada i efectiva en trastorns psicòtics ja que: i) en general, pocs estudis han avaluat específicament els EVEs; ii) cap estudi ha analitzat l’edat d’aparició de PEP en relació amb els EVEs; iii) no hi ha estudis sobre diferències de gènere, historia familiar i simptomatologia psicòtica en relació amb els EVEs; i per últim, iv) no hi ha instruments disponibles per avaluar els EVEs durant el cicle vital. L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi va ser avaluar la relació entre els EVEs i el desenvolupament del PEP. Aquest objectiu es va desenvolupar en tres objectius específics: 1) revisar de forma sistemàtica la literatura disponible dels EVEs i PEP, 2) avaluar l’impacte dels EVEs i la influència de les variables sociodemogràfiques i clíniques sobre l’aparició de PEP, i 3) validar un instrument per mesurar els EVEs en pacients amb PEP i en població sana. Les dades obtingudes en aquesta tesi proporcionen un coneixement més profund sobre els EVEs i la seva avaluació i detecció, així com la relació d’aquests esdeveniments amb variables i símptomes clínics en una mostra de pacients amb PEP i controls sans.
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Barreto, Michelle L. "Coping with life events through possible selves." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1408.
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This study examines the integration of life events into the possible selves repertoire and explores the potential relationship between event-related possible selves and coping. The sample consisted of 198 participants, with age ranging from 18 - 84. Participants were administered interviews consisting of demographic information, the Possible Selves Interview, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the General Well-Being Schedule. Results indicate that the Integration of stressful events into the possible selves repertoire positively impacted coping. This study paves the way for important prevention programs aimed at promoting an individual's well being.
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Curley, Alexandra Paula Marie. "Traumatic imagery after life-threatening cardiac events." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26005.
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Aims There is a growing body of evidence that some individuals are at risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after life-threatening cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or cardiac arrest, which can result in distress, dysfunction and increased risk of mortality. In relation to this population, this thesis had two aims: to review the evidence regarding whether pain during MI predicts post-traumatic stress symptoms; and to explore the characteristics and impact of traumatic imagery experienced by individuals who develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress subsequent to MI or cardiac arrest. Methods A review of the evidence relating to pain as a potential risk factor for PTSD subsequent to MI is presented in the systematic review. The findings from a qualitative study investigating the characteristics of traumatic imagery and associated behaviours experienced by individuals who have symptoms of post-traumatic stress subsequent to MI or cardiac arrest, are presented in the journal article. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to identify themes in the data. Results The systematic review indicated that there are mixed findings for pain as a risk factor for PTSD subsequent to MI. The limited number of studies in this area and significant methodological limitations within the existing evidence make it difficult to draw any firm conclusions with regard to the relationship between pain and PTSD post-MI. With regard to the qualitative study, the majority of imagery related to flashbacks of the event and were focused mainly on external experiences. Themes arising from the distressing flashback imagery included: loss of control; realisation of threat; negative impact on others; physical sensations; and actions of others. Imaginary elements and distortions were a feature of some traumatic imagery experienced, and non-flashback imagery connected with mortality was also experienced. Imagery was associated with avoidance behaviour and affected behaviour within relationships. Conclusions Findings from the systematic review indicate that further studies are warranted in this area to establish the link between pain and PTSD post-MI. These studies should seek to address methodological limitations of the current evidence by using a standardised pain measurement tool; adopting a prospective design; using a diagnostic tool to measure PTSD; ensuring PTSD is measured at least one month after the MI; assessing prior PTSD of non-cardiac origin; including a sufficient sample size and using an appropriate method of recruitment to improve generalisability. External experiences during a cardiac event are the main focus of traumatic visual imagery experienced by people with intrusive post-traumatic stress symptoms post cardiac event. Specific aspects of the cardiac event may be particularly distressing and these may be represented in post-traumatic visual imagery. Both gradual exposure and imagery rescripting techniques may be useful for reducing distress associated with the imagery, depending on the type of imagery experienced.
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Henderson, Linda J. "Support-seeking in response to life events." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0009/NQ38472.pdf.
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Beards, Stephanie Frances Richmond. "Life events and psychosis : contexts and mechanisms." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/life-events-and-psychosis-contexts-and-mechanisms(bcc3f170-ad4c-44df-a3b3-20718e9aed25).html.
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Since the seminal work of Brown and Birley, the potential link between life events and psychosis has been the focus of research and speculation. However, to date, there have been few studies of life events prior to the onset of psychosis; making it impossible to disentangle whether a higher prevalence is a cause or consequence of the disorder. Furthermore, studies have neglected important characteristics, such as severity and type, and rarely considered potential psychological mechanisms. The primary aims of this study were to extend the current literature by investigating the impact of life events and difficulties on the onset of psychosis, and investigate potential synergistic effects and mediating factors. Data on 253 first-presentation cases and 301 population-based controls were drawn from the Childhood Adversity and Psychosis study. Life events and difficulties experienced one year prior to onset (cases) or interview (controls) were assessed with the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule. Potential causal partners included negative schematic beliefs (assessed using the Brief Core Schema Scales) and potential mediators included symptoms of anxiety and depression (assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Questionnaires). There was strong evidence that severe and intrusive experiences were particularly associated with psychosis, showing a three- to twelve-fold increase in odds. The impact of severe experiences was found to be cumulative. There was also tentative evidence that low social class and negative self-schemas combined synergistically with these experiences to increase the odds of psychosis. However, there was no evidence of mediation via affective symptoms. The one year period before the initial onset of psychosis is likely to be a time of serious psychosocial stress, potentially characterised by threatening and intrusive experiences. Research must continue to examine potentially modifiable mechanisms that may link such stressors and psychosis in order to improve our understanding and treatment of these disorders.
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Records, Kathryn Ann. "Life events of pregnant and nonpregnant adolescents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276646.
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This descriptive study compared life events in the lives of pregnant (n = 23) and non-pregnant (n = 23) adolescents using a developmental model. A 51-item life events checklist adapted from Robbins (1981) and Johnson and McCutcheon (1980) was used to identify occurrence and perception (good or bad) of life events. Mean ages were 17.3 (pregnant) an 17.0 (non-pregnant). Ethnic representation was Hispanic (n = 28), Anglo (n = 14), American Indian (n = 2), and Black (n = 2). One pregnant and seven non-pregnant adolescents were employed. Thirty-nine adolescents lived with their parents, and seven lived on their own. Pregnancy of sister or close friend, an increased number of arguments between parents, a change in parents' financial status, and trouble with brother or sister were reported by more than 50% of the total. No significant difference existed in either the total number or perception of life events between groups. In addition, the developmental adaptation categories revealed no significant statistical difference.
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Emil, Serap. "Self-esteem And Stressful Life Events Of University." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1014307/index.pdf.
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This study examined the frequency of university students with self-esteem level at first. Moreover, the difference between male and female and the difference between achiever and non-achiever students were examined with respect to self-esteem. Also the relationship between self-esteem score of university students and stressful life events was examined. Three hundred thirty one university students from different grades and departments of Middle East Technical University have been participated in this study. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Life Events Inventory for University Students (LEIU) and four-question demographic information form were used for this study. Factor analysis for LEIU was made for this study. At the end of the factor-analysis, three factors were identified. These were called as self-related anxiety/problemsenvironmental, adjustment, family events/problems
and academic events/problems. To examine the percentage of students with high and low self-esteem, frequency of the participant was calculated. In addition, independent samples t-test was applied to investigate the difference between male-female and achiever-non-achiever students on self-esteem, while Pearson product moment correlation was applied to examine the relationship between self-esteem and stressful life events. It was found that there were 302 students (88.6 %) with high self-esteem level, while there were 39 students (11.4 %) with low self-esteem level. According to independent samples t-test results, it was found that achiever students&
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self-esteem score was higher than non-achiever students whereas there is no significant difference between male and female on the self-esteem score. Finally, it was found that there is a significant relationship between self-related anxiety/problems, environmental, adjustment, family problems and academic events/problems and self-esteem.
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Woodhouse, Anne E. "Life events during pregnancy and early infant temperament." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344014.
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Harris, Kate. "Life events & the timing of first pregnancy." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359783.
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Montejo, Fernando Jr. "Life after mega-events : strategically reusing legacy parks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111427.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 94-103).
A great deal of research has scrutinized the mixed legacy of staging "mega-events" such as World's Fairs (or Expos) and Olympic Games. Host cities regularly invest billions of dollars building the facilities and supporting infrastructure needed to accommodate millions of visitors over a fixed period of time. In doing so, they also consume hundreds of acres of land, including large masses of urban space in which core activities are clustered. An analysis of urban mega-events over the past century and a half indicates that numerous host locations have converted core event grounds into large urban parks. This thesis investigates the post-event reuse of urban parks built on these fairgrounds. Through investigative research, interviews, and onsite fieldwork of selected post-event "legacy" parks, prevailing issue areas concerning their viability and accessibility are identified. Drawing on the experiences of Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, a large park built on the former grounds of two World's Fairs in New York City, this thesis suggests strategic public space reuse and management approaches for Flushing Meadows and other legacy parks confronting similar challenges. The idea that post-event parks must be preserved as democratic and accessible civic spaces is stressed, particularly in light of increased privatization of the urban public realm.
by Fernando Montejo.
M.C.P.
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Foster, Deborah Kaye. "Major life events and the accumulation of wealth." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Brown, Tiffany Leigh. "Stressful life events and coping in college students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/522.
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Mccool, Jane A. "Life experiences of Cambodian-American refugee women : segmented life stories /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2003. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3115634.
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Cobain, Marilyn Jeanette, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Life events and cognitive processing in sexually dysfunctional individuals." Deakin University, 1996. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.151625.
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The aim of this study was to make an assessment of the role of the cognitive component in the development of sexual dysfunction.
Past studies have largely focused on the impact of particular events on sexual dysfunction and have not assessed the role of the perception of these events. A number of theories on sexual dysfunction have been developed to explain the influence of cognitions, but these have not been empirically tested.
This study investigated the role of the cognitive evaluation of sexual experiences among 30 sexually dysfunctional participants and 30 control participants who were matched on age, marital status and biological sex.
The Cognitive Aspects of Sexual Dysfunction Measure (CASDM) was constructed to evaluate sexual dysfunction. This measure was designed to tap into the major events in participants lives and, more importantly, the participants perceptions of these events.
The components assessed were the intergenerational (family of origin), individual, current life and relationship aspects of the persons life. These factors were measured from the responses to questions regarding the participant's cognitions about past experiences, the effect of the past experience on the participant at the lime it occurred and the influence this experience had on the participant's sense of self now, their relationship now and sexual functioning now.
The main findings in the intergenerational area were that past experiences were perceived by the sexually dysfunctional group to be having an impact on the self, relationships and their sexual functioning although there were no actual differences between the sexually functional and the sexual dysfunctional participants in the occurrence of the event.
For the individual factors, there were differences between the sexually functional and sexually dysfunctional participants in both values and lifestyle, although these were not perceived to be having an impact on the self, relationship and sexual functioning.
In the relationship area, anger was the major factor separating the sexually functional and sexually dysfunctional groups. Anger was high among the sexually dysfunctional participants and was perceived to be having an impact on self, the couples relationship and their sexual functioning. The importance of all these variables in providing a better understanding of the cognitive factors in sexual dysfunction was discussed. The findings demonstrate the importance of cognitions in influencing sexual functioning.
Clinicians should not simply deal with the life experiences of sexually dysfunctional people when attempting to change their behaviour, but should focus on changing cognitions about the behaviours in relation to sexual functioning.
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Farmer, Rodger. "The role of life events in deliberate self-poisoning." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328091.
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Patel, Purvika. "Major life events and change in health related behaviours." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245428.
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Brown, Hannah Mary. "Comparing measures of stressful life events in young people." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/comparing-measures-of-stressful-life-eventsin-young-people(7e3e0cc7-9211-4115-82ac-aac3195155dd).html.
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Stressful events in the lives of young people have been measured using many methods. The diversity of measures makes it difficult to draw conclusions across studies regarding the role these events play in the development of common mental health problems in young people. The current review appraises measures of stressful life events in young people and assesses the quality of the methods used to develop such measures. Following PRISMA guidelines, published studies reporting on the psychometric properties of measures of stressful life events used with young people 18 years or younger were captured using systematic search terms across three databases. Study quality was assessed using the Consensus-based standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) scale. Psychometric properties (content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, structural validity, criterion validity, cross-cultural validity) were assessed. In total, 21 studies were included describing unique life event measures. The majority referred to self-report checklists used in middle childhood. Nineteen studies examined content validity; 12 assessed internal consistency and 10 assessed test-retest reliability. Few studies examined the structural, criterion and cross-cultural validity of life event measures. The current review highlights the diversity of measures employed in the field and inconsistency in the methodological rigour with which they are developed. Recommendations about the use of measures of stressful life events and future research are provided.
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Lewis, Debra E. "Life events of single African American mothers attending college." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399897826.
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Benjarongkij, Yubol Chandruang. "Life events, need salience and audiences' use of television /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260135356719.
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Weizmann-Henelius, Ghitta. "Violent female perpetrators in Finland : personality and life events /." Vaasa : Vanha Vaasa Hospital, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40143615w.
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Babcock, Lindsay. "Reexamining depressive realism using estimates of real life events /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131592059.pdf.
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Nielsen, Sharon Tedene Peasley. "Life events as determinants of wisdom in older adults." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185818.
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The effect of normative and nonnormative life events as possible determinants of wisdom in older adults was examined for two reasons. First, the study was designed to contribute to the growing body of knowledge about the aging process. Second, it explored an aspect of cognitive functioning, wisdom, that has only recently been accepted as a viable domain for scientific study and about which little is known. Because wisdom is often associated with the elderly, this study attempted to explain why it is that some older adults do, indeed, develop this optimal level of cognitive functioning and others do not. The experience of stress-producing positive and negative events over the years was looked at as a possible catalyst for the development of wisdom. The methodology was based on the seminal work of Baltes and his colleagues who have used a working definition of wisdom as "expertise in the fundamental pragmatics of life" (1987, p. 615). Ten men and twenty women, ranging in age from sixty-three to ninety-seven, volunteered for the study. These individuals, who lived in retirement communities or participated in educational programs, were physically active and mentally alert. Each subject, in a private, hour-long interview, was administered four separate procedures. First, the subject was asked four questions regarding his/her personal history. Second, the WAIS-R Information Subtest was given to screen out those who could not perform on a minimally acceptable level of cognitive functioning. Third, an original Life-Event Survey was administered to determine how many normative and nonnormative events the subject had experienced over the years. Fourth, the subject was asked to respond verbally to two hypothetical situations about older adults who faced age-specific dilemmas. This Wisdom Measure, as well as the coding of each transcribed response, was based on research by Smith and Baltes (1990). The data analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between the experience of life events and the expression of wisdom. These findings suggest that the experience of stress-producing life events over the years contributes to the development of problem-solving skills and a philosophical outlook associated with wisdom.
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Rowe, Catherine A., Kristin L. Walker, Peter C. Britton, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Suicidal Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/668.
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Background: Individuals who experience negative life events may be at increased risk for suicidal behavior. Intrapersonal characteristics, such as basic psychological needs, however, may buffer this association. Aims: To assess the potential moderating role of overall basic psychological needs, and the separate components of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, on the association between negative life events and suicidal behavior. MethodOur sample of 439 college students (311 females, 71%) completed the following self-report surveys: Life Events Scale, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, Beck Depression Inventory ; II, and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised. Results: In support of our hypotheses, negative life events were associated with greater levels of suicidal ideation and attempts, and satisfaction of basic psychological needs, including autonomy, relatedness, and competence, significantly moderated this relationship, over and above the effects of the covariates of age, sex, and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior associated with the experience of negative life events is not inevitable. Therapeutically bolstering competence, autonomy, and relatedness may be an important suicide prevention strategy for individuals experiencing life stressors.
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Jeltsch, Florian, Boris Schröder, Niels Blaum, and Franz Badeck. "Einsatz der Fernerkundung in der Ökologie : Beispiele, Synergien und mögliche Verknüpfungen." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.
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Sommer, Michael. "Nicht-invasive Methoden in der Bodenlandschaftsforschung : Konzeption und Projekte." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.
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Der Referent ist Leiter des Institutes für Bodenlandschaftsforschung am Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e. V. in Müncheberg.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung
Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006
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Popp, Alexander, Niels Blaum, Stephanie Domptail, Nicole Herpel, Alexander Gröngröft, T. T. Hoffman, Norbert Jürgens, et al. "From satellite imagery to soil-plant interactions : integrating disciplines and scales in process based simulation models ; [Poster]." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.
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Decisions for the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable management of natural resources are typically related to large scales, i.e. the landscape level. However, understanding and predicting the effects of land use and climate change on scales relevant for decision-making requires to include both, large scale vegetation dynamics and small scale processes, such as soil-plant interactions. Integrating the results of multiple BIOTA subprojects enabled us to include necessary data of soil science, botany, socio-economics and remote sensing into a high resolution, process-based and spatially-explicit model. Using an example from a sustainably-used research farm and a communally used
and degraded farming area in semiarid southern Namibia we show the power of simulation models as a tool to integrate processes across disciplines and scales.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung
Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006.
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Rossmanith, Eva, Niels Blaum, Manfred Keil, F. Langerwisch, Jork Meyer, Alexander Popp, Michael Schmidt, et al. "Scaling up local population dynamics to regional scales : an integrated approach : [Poster]." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.
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In semi-arid savannas, unsustainable land use can lead to degradation of entire landscapes, e.g. in the form of shrub encroachment. This leads to habitat loss and is assumed to reduce species diversity. In BIOTA phase 1, we investigated the effects of land use on population dynamics on farm scale. In phase 2 we scale up to consider the whole regional landscape consisting of a diverse mosaic of farms with different historic and present land use intensities. This mosaic
creates a heterogeneous, dynamic pattern of structural diversity at a large spatial scale. Understanding how the region-wide dynamic land use pattern affects the abundance of animal and plant species requires the integration of processes on large as well as on small spatial scales. In our multidisciplinary
approach, we integrate information from remote sensing, genetic and ecological field studies as well as small scale process models in a dynamic region-wide simulation tool.
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung
Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006.
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Boehm, Julia Kate. "Getting used to the good things in life hedonic adaptation to positive life events /." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=74&did=1871865271&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270230998&clientId=48051.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-47). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Zorita, Paz Mendez-Bonito. "Family functioning, life events, and depression: Accounting for contamination of family functioning measures by depression variables, and error of measurement in life events measures." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1059416374.
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Graff-Reed, Robin L. "Positive Effects of Stressful Life Events: Psychological Growth Following Divorce." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1090438043.
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Schuman, Katharina L. "Life events, social support and breast cancer in Utah women /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10922.
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Bulmash, Eric Lewis. "Personality, stressful life events, and treatment response in major depression." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/733.
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Williams, Gregory Jerod. "Key life events of successful school superintendents in North Carolina." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-151147/.
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Hulbert-Williams, Stephen Lee. "Life events and psychological problems in people with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/life-events-and-psychological-problems-in-people-with-intellectual-disabilities(0dad90e4-e511-4f59-a8a1-757d86a967c7).html.
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This thesis presents a critical literature review and reports on the findings of three empirical studies, examining the relationship between life events and psychological problems in people with intellectual disabilities. An introduction is provided in Chapter 1. The critical review (Chapter 2) describes the current evidence base in relation to a critical framework that aims to establish life event exposure as a causal risk factor for psychological problems. Chapter 3 presents the results of a longitudinal study, using data from proxy informants, and begins to address the need for further longitudinal data in establishing life events as a risk factor. Chapter 4 presents the results of a self-report study of life events, psychological problems and social support, intended to establish whether valid data on life events could be obtained using self-report interviews with people with intellectual disabilities. The putative role of social support as a moderator in the relationship between life events and psychological problems is also examined. Chapter 5 presents the results of a longitudinal study of life events in children with intellectual disabilities, which begins to address the need for further studies of life events in children with intellectual disabilities, and in particular, the need for longitudinal evidence.
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West, Tracey. "Australian Household Asset Portfolios: Diversification, Ownership and Life-Cycle Events." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367712.
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The objective of this thesis is to gain insight into the broad asset class decisions of households, in comparison to saving and investment theory. Investment theory prescribes that asset portfolios should be as highly diversified as possible to reduce unsystematic risk. Over the long term, this should provide the highest possible returns given the minimal risk chosen to be undertaken. Savings theory on the other hand, predicts that households choose assets in accordance with life-cycle stages as well as to satisfy some motives for saving like retirement and to bequest wealth to heirs. The household finance literature shows that the financial decisions of households are somewhat more dependent on life-cycle stages and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics than investment theory. In Australia, there is a distinct lack of empirical literature on the financial decisions of households generally, and on portfolio construction decisions more specifically.
Accordingly, this thesis uses a high quality longitudinal survey of Australian households, the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, to investigate three areas of asset portfolio decision-making. The HILDA Survey began in 2001 and aims to track 7,682 households comprising 19,914 individuals throughout their lives, and includes broad social and economic topics, including attitudinal questions on financial risk-taking. In addition, the less-frequent wealth modules in HILDA (in 2002, 2006 and 2010) include additional questions relating to household investment in a number of key assets, including the family home and other property, superannuation, equity and cash investments, business assets, bank accounts, life insurance, trust funds, and collectables.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Charman, Elizabeth A. "Experience of change : adolescent and parent perspectives." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362862.
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Engel, Julia [Verfasser], and Dagmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Stahlberg. "Judgments of life satisfaction: The role of negativity and life events / Julia Engel ; Betreuer: Dagmar Stahlberg." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1144857708/34.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Cecilia Ahmoi Essau, Heidemarie Hecht, Wolfgang Teder, and Hildegard Pfister. "Reliability of life event assessments: test-retest reliability and fall-off effects of the Munich interview for the assessment of life events and conditions." Technische Universität Dresden, 1989. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26472.
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This paper presents the findings of two independent studies which examined the test-retest reliability and the fall-off effects of the Munich Life Event List (MEL). The MEL is a three-step interview procedure for assessing life incidents which focusses on recognition processes rather than free recall. In a reliability study, test–retest coefficients of the MEL, based on a sample of 42 subjects, were quite stable over a 6-week interval. Stability for severe incidents appeared to be higher than for the less severe ones. In the fall-off study, a total rate of 30% fall-off was noted for all incidents reported retrospectively over an 8-year period. A more detailed analysis revealed average monthly fall-off effects of 0.36%. The size of fall-off effects was higher for non-severe and positive incidents than for severe incidents. This was particularly evident for the symptomatic groups. Non-symptomatic males reported a higheroverall number of life incidents than females. This was partly due to more frequent reporting of severe incidents. The findings of the fall-off study do not support the common belief that the reliability oflife incident report is much worse when the assessment period is extended over a period of several years as compared to the traditional 6-month period.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Cecilia Ahmoi Essau, Heidemarie Hecht, Wolfgang Teder, and Hildegard Pfister. "Reliability of life event assessments." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-103810.
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This paper presents the findings of two independent studies which examined the test-retest reliability and the fall-off effects of the Munich Life Event List (MEL). The MEL is a three-step interview procedure for assessing life incidents which focusses on recognition processes rather than free recall. In a reliability study, test–retest coefficients of the MEL, based on a sample of 42 subjects, were quite stable over a 6-week interval. Stability for severe incidents appeared to be higher than for the less severe ones. In the fall-off study, a total rate of 30% fall-off was noted for all incidents reported retrospectively over an 8-year period. A more detailed analysis revealed average monthly fall-off effects of 0.36%. The size of fall-off effects was higher for non-severe and positive incidents than for severe incidents. This was particularly evident for the symptomatic groups. Non-symptomatic males reported a higheroverall number of life incidents than females. This was partly due to more frequent reporting of severe incidents. The findings of the fall-off study do not support the common belief that the reliability oflife incident report is much worse when the assessment period is extended over a period of several years as compared to the traditional 6-month period.
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Lock, Robert. "Perceived impact of past significant life events on current well-being." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604350.
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Life events are widely seen as having an important effect on well-being. This thesis addressed some of the gaps in the literature by examining how positive as well as negative past events are perceived by individuals as affecting different facets of current well-being. In addition, the study examined how these relationships are moderated by insight, reflection and rumination. Psychological undergraduate students (N=73) provided examples of past positive and negative life events and gave open-ended responses about what they saw as the beneficial and adverse consequences of those events for them. These responses were coded for the presence of the six dimensions of Psychological Well-being (PWB) outlined by Ryff (1989) as well as for affect. Self-report measures of insight, reflection and rumination were also completed. Beneficial effects on affect and all the dimensions of PWB, with the exception of Autonomy, were present in the open ended responses of how past positive and negative events were currently impacting on well-being. Adverse effects on affect and the PWB dimensions of Relations with Others, Self-Acceptance and Environmental Mastery were present in the responses of how past positive and negative events were currently impacting on well-being. Relations with others was the most frequently identified dimension of PWB in response to what the beneficial and adverse effects of past events were, indicating the importance of this area in clinical interventions. Personal Growth was the only PWB dimension to be more frequently identified in the responses of the beneficial effects of negative events compared to the beneficial effects of positive events. This indicates that therapeutic interventions targeting growth from previous negative events could benefit from focussing on this aspect of PWB. Reflection was positively correlated to the adverse effect of positive events, whilst rumination was positively con-elated to PWB for the adverse effect of negative events. Implications for clinical and non-clinical populations and possible future research are discussed.
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Richardson, Sharon Mary. "Life events and emotional development in northwest Florida elementary school children." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000032.
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Søndergaard, Hans Peter. "Post-traumatic stress disorder and life events among recently resettled refugees /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-318-x/.
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O'Doherty, Fiona. "Life events, stress and the consumption of heroin, alcohol and tobacco." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21327.
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A. considerable literature exists on a possible link between life events and illness, both physical and psychiatric. This literature is reviewed in the first chapters of this thesis. The evidence that life events affect drug use is then examined. A number of methodological flaws exist in these studies and it is therefore difficult to draw any conclusions about the impact of life events. In part II of the thesis, models of drug use are reviewed and some preliminary hypotheses about the nature of the link between life events and drug use are drawn up. These hypotheses are (1) Drug use is a response to stress (2) Drug use is maintained by the stress which arises from drug use and (3) Remission from drug use results in stress reduction. These hypotheses were examined in a study using three groups of substance user; these were a group of heroin users, a group of drinkers and a group of tobacco smokers. These subjects were interviewed at three month intervals over an eighteen month period. At each interview measures of previous weeks drug consumption and of life events from the three month period preceding interview, were collected. The study found that although the heroin and alcohol users reported more events than controls, these were mainly events caused by the drug use. These two groups were also less aware than were controls of events in their lives which were not connected with drug use. The tobacco group was, for the most part, similar to the control group in the way in which they reported events. The influence of events on drug consumption was found to operate at a perceptual level i. e. remission and relapse were influenced by the subjects perception of events rather than by the objective events per se. A model of drug use is outlined in which the impact of life events on consumption varies with the persons stage in a hypothesized cycle of remission/relapse.
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Martin, Peter Andrew. "The effect of personal life-events on the practice of therapists." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/6d7f09dc-fa03-482f-a4d5-65de7f656625.
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The research asks: "What is the effect of personal life events on the practice of therapists?" The question is under-researched and concerns an issue that is professionally important in a growing profession. The research methodology is qualitative employing heuristic inquiry. A major theme of the dissertation is a critique of, and an updating and refinement Moustakas's 1990 methodology. A more post-modernist approach is sustained by privileging narrative. The "bricoleur" approach adopted here emphasises relationality and process as opposed to a search for "essence" as espoused by Moustakas. The research sample was purposive. The author wrote his own account, and sixteen participants (co-researchers) were recruited by advertisement, in an article in a journal, and at workshops on the theme. Therapists were interviewed twice face to face for informal, extended and tape-recorded, transcribed sessions. Analysis of the data was a systematic co-construction following Reason and Rowan, and Josselson. One of the distinctive features of the research is retelling the participants' stories in different formats (individual depictions and exemplary portraits) in order to produce a many-layered response to their data. The goal in each "re-storying" was to reach intersubjective awareness and agreement in a moment in time. The final part of the thesis is written in an authorial voice and functions to make sense of the data for clinical as well as academic readerships. Outcomes of this research emanate from the weakening of the distinction between subject and object, which is congruent with its refined heuristic methodology. The author and the participants experienced important changes as a result of their own processing of their life event. Such movements were in personal philosophy, and in the capacity to relate to client's' dilemmas and individual pain This thesis makes a case for the "examined life" as a chief component of continuing professional development and of clinical supervision
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Ngoshi, Hazel Tafadzwa. "Public Events, Private Inspirations: How Zimbabwean History Has Constructed Life Narratives." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79292.
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This study identifies and critiques the historical, political and discursive moments and contexts that have shaped autobiographical writing in Zimbabwe. It does this by locating the autobiographies of Frank Johnson, Hans Sauer, Hylda Richards, Lawrence Vambe, Abel Muzorewa, Maurice Nyagumbo, Peter Godwin, Ian Smith, Joshua Nkomo, Fay Chung, Judith Todd and Edgar Tekere in their historical, political and discursive contexts, while also demarcating the narrating subjects in these contexts. The study seeks to examine the kind of autobiographical subjectivities that emerge in these contexts and its point of departure is that autobiographical remembering and story-telling are historically situated. It further problematises these subjectivities by showing how they are constituted by memory, experience, identity, agency and embodiment as they are inflected by history and power relationships. Literary criticism of Zimbabwean writing has not accounted for how self narration and conceptions of the self emerge out of historical, political, cultural and national processes at any given time. It has also not shown how these processes have occasioned the production of autobiographical narratives and the nature of subjectivities that these processes construct. Through the endeavours of this study autobiographical subjects are demarcated and understood in diverse contexts.
The study approached the analyses of the selected life narratives from postcolonial, dialogic and intertextual perspectives. Postcolonial theory as a critical method problematises human experiences and cultural and class identities as they relate to the power dynamics of colonialism and its aftermaths. In deploying postcolonial theory the analyses in Chapters Two, Three, Four and Five establish that subjects of postcolonial autobiography in Zimbabwe develop complex subjectivities that emerge from the contradictions of history and postcolony. While some autobiographers belong to a similar historical epoch, their subjectivities are not necessarily the same but diverse and complex. The study reveals that these contradictions are constitutive of the hybrid autobiographical subjectivities of the narrators, which range from pioneer, domestic settler, nationalist, radical nationalist to nation-builder, freedom-fighter, rights activist and dissenting subjectivities. Bakhtin‟s notion of dialogism provides insight into the nature of autobiographical discourse in these narratives from a stylistic perspective and reveals the dialogic practices that narrating subjects engage in to mediate their subjectivities. The application of dialogism shows that the narrating I‟s subjectivity is formed and manifests at the point where the “I” is in dialogue with another‟s word. Self conception is thus located where the public and private selves converge in narrative. The analyses of these narratives also make use of intertextuality, which establishes the relationality between studied texts and other narratives. The study reaches the conclusion that the historicity of autobiographical story telling should be a guiding framework for understanding autobiographical subjectivities and for a theory of autobiography in Zimbabwe. The study also facilitates a reconsideration of Zimbabwe‟s violent past since it positions autobiographical narratives as sites for rethinking the politics and practices of life writing.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Humanities
PhD
Unrestricted