Journal articles: 'Life cycle symbiosis'

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Haq, Hafiz, Petri Välisuo, and Seppo Niemi. "Modelling Sustainable Industrial Symbiosis." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041172.

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Industrial symbiosis networks conventionally provide economic and environmental benefits to participating industries. However, most studies have failed to quantify waste management solutions and identify network connections in addition to methodological variation of assessments. This study provides a comprehensive model to conduct sustainable study of industrial symbiosis, which includes identification of network connections, life cycle assessment of materials, economic assessment, and environmental performance using standard guidelines from the literature. Additionally, a case study of industrial symbiosis network from Sodankylä region of Finland is implemented. Results projected an estimated life cycle cost of €115.20 million. The symbiotic environment would save €6.42 million in waste management cost to the business participants in addition to the projected environmental impact of 0.95 million tonne of CO2, 339.80 tonne of CH4, and 18.20 tonne of N2O. The potential of further cost saving with presented optimal assessment in the current architecture is forecast at €0.63 million every year.

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Marcinkowski, Andrzej. "Environmental Efficiency of Industrial Symbiosis – LCA Case Study for Gypsum Exchange." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2018-0100.

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Abstract A review of the available literature concerning environmental impact assessment for industrial symbiosis has been carried out. The authors have recommended the use of life cycle assessment method for this purpose. It was stated that so far few studies presenting LCA results of industrial symbiosis have been published. Among the factors which contribute to the success of symbiotic exchange, the close location of collaborating companies has been often mentioned. This paper presents LCA results concerning the environmental impact of symbiotic gypsum transmission. Concepts of relative distance and critical distance for the case of industrial symbiosis were proposed and defined. Significant difference between critical distance obtained for particular endpoints were observed (3.5- 564 km). Application of Life Cycle Sustainability Triangle enabled the estimation of critical distance taking into account various impact categories. A sensitivity analysis indicated the relationship between critical distance and the means of transport which reflected the effect of scale. The critical distance determined for heavy trucks was 3.2 - 3.9 times longer than in case of lighter vehicles.

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Ismail, Y. "Potential Benefit of Industrial Symbiosis using Life Cycle Assessment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1625 (September 2020): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1625/1/012054.

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Kerdlap, Piya, Jonathan Sze Choong Low, Rebecca Steidle, Daren Zong Loong Tan, Christoph Herrmann, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Collaboration Platform for Enabling Industrial Symbiosis: Application of the Industrial-Symbiosis Life Cycle Analysis Engine." Procedia CIRP 80 (2019): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2019.01.081.

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Kim, Hyeong-Woo, and Hung-Suck Park. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Industrial Symbiosis Activity using Life Cycle Assessment." Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 34, no. 4 (June 30, 2017): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2017.34.4.330.

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Eckelman, Matthew J., and Marian R. Chertow. "Life cycle energy and environmental benefits of a US industrial symbiosis." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 18, no. 8 (June 20, 2013): 1524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-013-0601-5.

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Soratana, Kullapa, and Amy E. Landis. "Evaluating industrial symbiosis and algae cultivation from a life cycle perspective." Bioresource Technology 102, no. 13 (July 2011): 6892–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.018.

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Martinson, Vincent G. "Rediscovering a Forgotten System of Symbiosis: Historical Perspective and Future Potential." Genes 11, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11091063.

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While the majority of symbiosis research is focused on bacteria, microbial eukaryotes play important roles in the microbiota and as pathogens, especially the incredibly diverse Fungi kingdom. The recent emergence of widespread pathogens in wildlife (bats, amphibians, snakes) and multidrug-resistant opportunists in human populations (Candida auris) has highlighted the importance of better understanding animal–fungus interactions. Regardless of their prominence there are few animal–fungus symbiosis models, but modern technological advances are allowing researchers to utilize novel organisms and systems. Here, I review a forgotten system of animal–fungus interactions: the beetle–fungus symbioses of Drugstore and Cigarette beetles with their symbiont Symbiotaphrina. As pioneering systems for the study of mutualistic symbioses, they were heavily researched between 1920 and 1970, but have received only sporadic attention in the past 40 years. Several features make them unique research organisms, including (1) the symbiont is both extracellular and intracellular during the life cycle of the host, and (2) both beetle and fungus can be cultured in isolation. Specifically, fungal symbionts intracellularly infect cells in the larval and adult beetle gut, while accessory glands in adult females harbor extracellular fungi. In this way, research on the microbiota, pathogenesis/infection, and mutualism can be performed. Furthermore, these beetles are economically important stored-product pests found worldwide. In addition to providing a historical perspective of the research undertaken and an overview of beetle biology and their symbiosis with Symbiotaphrina, I performed two analyses on publicly available genomic data. First, in a preliminary comparative genomic analysis of the fungal symbionts, I found striking differences in the pathways for the biosynthesis of two B vitamins important for the host beetle, thiamine and biotin. Second, I estimated the most recent common ancestor for Drugstore and Cigarette beetles at 8.8–13.5 Mya using sequence divergence (CO1 gene). Together, these analyses demonstrate that modern methods and data (genomics, transcriptomes, etc.) have great potential to transform these beetle–fungus systems into model systems again.

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Choi, Jeongmin, William Summers, and Uta Paszkowski. "Mechanisms Underlying Establishment of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses." Annual Review of Phytopathology 56, no. 1 (August 25, 2018): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035521.

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Most land plants engage in mutually beneficial interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, the fungus providing phosphate and nitrogen in exchange for fixed carbon. During presymbiosis, both organisms communicate via oligosaccharides and butenolides. The requirement for a rice chitin receptor in symbiosis-induced lateral root development suggests that cell division programs operate in inner root tissues during both AM and nodule symbioses. Furthermore, the identification of transcription factors underpinning arbuscule development and degeneration reemphasized the plant's regulatory dominance in AM symbiosis. Finally, the finding that AM fungi, as lipid auxotrophs, depend on plant fatty acids (FAs) to complete their asexual life cycle revealed the basis for fungal biotrophy. Intriguingly, lipid metabolism is also central for asexual reproduction and interaction of the fungal sister clade, the Mucoromycotina, with endobacteria, indicative of an evolutionarily ancient role for lipids in fungal mutualism.

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Pipes, Brian L., and Michele K. Nishiguchi. "Nocturnal Acidification: A Coordinating Cue in the Euprymna scolopes–Vibrio fischeri Symbiosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 3743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073743.

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The Vibrio fischeri–Euprymna scolopes symbiosis has become a powerful model for the study of specificity, initiation, and maintenance between beneficial bacteria and their eukaryotic partner. In this invertebrate model system, the bacterial symbionts are acquired every generation from the surrounding seawater by newly hatched squid. These symbionts colonize a specialized internal structure called the light organ, which they inhabit for the remainder of the host’s lifetime. The V. fischeri population grows and ebbs following a diel cycle, with high cell densities at night producing bioluminescence that helps the host avoid predation during its nocturnal activities. Rhythmic timing of the growth of the symbionts and their production of bioluminescence only at night is critical for maintaining the symbiosis. V. fischeri symbionts detect their population densities through a behavior termed quorum-sensing, where they secrete and detect concentrations of autoinducer molecules at high cell density when nocturnal production of bioluminescence begins. In this review, we discuss events that lead up to the nocturnal acidification of the light organ and the cues used for pre-adaptive behaviors that both host and symbiont have evolved. This host–bacterium cross talk is used to coordinate networks of regulatory signals (such as quorum-sensing and bioluminescence) that eventually provide a unique yet stable environment for V. fischeri to thrive and be maintained throughout its life history as a successful partner in this dynamic symbiosis.

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Diaz, Fabian, Jacopo Andreas Vignati, Beatrice Marchi, Riccardo Paoli, Simone Zanoni, and Francesco Romagnoli. "Effects of Energy Efficiency Measures in the Beef Cold Chain: A Life Cycle-based Study." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0025.

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Abstract Circular economy and industrial symbiosis represent a production and consumption model involving sharing, lending, reusing, and recycling existing materials and products in the most efficient way to increase sustainability and reduce or eliminate waste. Beef production has a high impact on the environment in different impact categories, especially those activities related to livestock breeding and feeding. In this study, a life cycle assessment and a life cycle cost evaluation are carried out investigating potential energy efficiency measures to promote industrial symbiosis scenarios referring to a proposed baseline scenario. Three main potential measures are evaluated: energy recovery from waste via anaerobic digestion, integration of renewable sources at warehouses, including solar PV panels, and the replacement of auxiliary equipment at the retailer. It was found that energy reconversion of food waste through anaerobic digestion and cogeneration provides the most valuable benefits to the supply chain. From the economic perspective, using a conventional life cycle cost assessment, the energy production from the use of wastes for anaerobic digestion proved to be the best potential option.

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Aissani, Lynda, Antoine Lacassagne, Jean‐Baptiste Bahers, and Samuel Le Féon. "Life cycle assessment of industrial symbiosis: A critical review of relevant reference scenarios." Journal of Industrial Ecology 23, no. 4 (February 28, 2019): 972–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12842.

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Mathur, N., S. Singh, and J. W. Sutherland. "Promoting a circular economy in the solar photovoltaic industry using life cycle symbiosis." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 155 (April 2020): 104649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104649.

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Zhang, Yun, Shasha Duan, Jinhua Li, Shuai Shao, Wenqiang Wang, and Shushen Zhang. "Life cycle assessment of industrial symbiosis in Songmudao chemical industrial park, Dalian, China." Journal of Cleaner Production 158 (August 2017): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.119.

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Yu, Fei, Feng Han, and Zhaojie Cui. "Assessment of life cycle environmental benefits of an industrial symbiosis cluster in China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22, no. 7 (October 24, 2014): 5511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3712-z.

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Lifset, Reid. "Raising the Bar for Symbiosis, Life Cycle Assessment, and Material Flow Analysis Case Studies." Journal of Industrial Ecology 17, no. 1 (January 16, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12003.

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Shi, Xiaoqing, and Xiaonuo Li. "A symbiosis-based life cycle management approach for sustainable resource flows of industrial ecosystem." Journal of Cleaner Production 226 (July 2019): 324–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.030.

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Maugel, T. K., and S. K. Pierce. "Is the life cycle of Elysia chlorotica ended by disease?" Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100169067.

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All of the individuals in populations of E. chlorotica (Opisthobranchia, Ascoglossa) in the Cape Cod region disappear during June or early July. Specimens collected from the field at varying times throughout the Fall, Winter and Spring, and held in aquaria, all die coincident with the disappearance of the field populations. This pattern has been attributed to the “normal” life cycle, the result of massive metabolic costs associated with Spring reproduction, senescence and aging, although individuals of all size classes die together. We have discovered, as part of an EM study of the slugchloroplast symbiosis, that the late Spring-early Summer animals are infected with viruses. The viruses are evident in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of several cell types and budding viruses are often present within the cytoplasm. The viruses are of at least three morphologic types with size ranges of 80-90 nm, 40-50 nm, and 20-30 nm. The viral infection could be the result of generalized immune failure in the aging animals. However, the possibility also exists that the massive viral infection is responsible for the synchronous death of the population each year. Supported by NSF-IBN-9117248.

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Simonet, Pierre, Karen Gaget, Séverine Balmand, Mélanie Ribeiro Lopes, Nicolas Parisot, Kurt Buhler, Gabrielle Duport, et al. "Bacteriocyte cell death in the pea aphid/Buchnera symbiotic system." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 8 (February 5, 2018): E1819—E1828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720237115.

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Symbiotic associations play a pivotal role in multicellular life by facilitating acquisition of new traits and expanding the ecological capabilities of organisms. In insects that are obligatorily dependent on intracellular bacterial symbionts, novel host cells (bacteriocytes) or organs (bacteriomes) have evolved for harboring beneficial microbial partners. The processes regulating the cellular life cycle of these endosymbiont-bearing cells, such as the cell-death mechanisms controlling their fate and elimination in response to host physiology, are fundamental questions in the biology of symbiosis. Here we report the discovery of a cell-death process involved in the degeneration of bacteriocytes in the hemipteran insect Acyrthosiphon pisum. This process is activated progressively throughout aphid adulthood and exhibits morphological features distinct from known cell-death pathways. By combining electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analyses, we demonstrated that the initial event of bacteriocyte cell death is the cytoplasmic accumulation of nonautophagic vacuoles, followed by a sequence of cellular stress responses including the formation of autophagosomes in intervacuolar spaces, activation of reactive oxygen species, and Buchnera endosymbiont degradation by the lysosomal system. We showed that this multistep cell-death process originates from the endoplasmic reticulum, an organelle exhibiting a unique reticular network organization spread throughout the entire cytoplasm and surrounding Buchnera aphidicola endosymbionts. Our findings provide insights into the cellular and molecular processes that coordinate eukaryotic host and endosymbiont homeostasis and death in a symbiotic system and shed light on previously unknown aspects of bacteriocyte biological functioning.

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PhI, Chloé Phan Van, Maye Walraven, Marine Bézagu, Maxime Lefranc, and Clément Ray. "Industrial Symbiosis in Insect Production—A Sustainable Eco-Efficient and Circular Business Model." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 10333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410333.

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Insect meal (IM) is a source of high-quality protein for aquafeed while insect oil (IO) is a source of fatty acids used in monogastric feed with identical or better performance than premium fishmeal (FM) or vegetable oils (VOs) respectively. Although insects’ ability to feed on agricultural by-products and the entire valorization of insect products (IM, IO, frass) suggest insect production is sustainable, no studies have documented its environmental impact using industrial-scale production data. The present study is the first attributional life cycle assessment (A-LCA) based on data from an industrial-scale facility implementing an innovative symbiosis production model. This A-LCA was used to (i) assess the environmental performance of the symbiosis model vs. a no-symbiosis model and (ii) compare the environmental impacts of IM and IO production vs. their respective alternatives. The results revealed that the symbiosis model introduces a meaningful change in terms of environmental footprint by reducing CO2 emissions by 80% and fossil resources depletion by 83% compared to the no-symbiosis model. The higher sustainability of the IM and IO produced using the symbiosis model was also demonstrated, as CO2 emissions were reduced by at least 55% and 83% when compared to the best FM and VOs alternatives, respectively.

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Barile, Sergio, Clara Bassano, Raffaele D’Amore, Paolo Piciocchi, Marialuisa Saviano, and Pietro Vito. "Insights of Digital Transformation Processes in Industrial Symbiosis from the Viable Systems Approach (vSa)." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 29, 2021): 9696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179696.

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The main purpose of this contribution is twofold: from a scientific point of view, to interpret the symbiotic logic through the framework of the Viable Systems approach (vSa), and from a managerial viewpoint, to provide the actors of industrial symbiosis initiatives, at any stage of their life cycle, with a guide to the most promising web-based solutions in terms of defining the best configuration for the symbiotic network. The article, therefore, aims to provide an in-depth study of the existing literature, which is still not exhaustive, and to consider synoptically and comparatively the modern platforms capable of supporting industrial symbiosis initiatives. The objective was pursued by examining 10 existing and functioning Web-based platforms, of which only a few were previously explored in the previous literature, while the recognition of the latter was carried out on a bibliometric basis to articulate in more detail the existing gap based on a panel of contributions as large as possible. The joint consideration of the literature review and the examination of the existing and functioning platforms shows an articulated framework of approaches, proposed models, and classification schemes of their functions, which allows us to conclude that given the sectoral, territorial, and specific characteristics of the materials addressed by each platform and considering the different cycles existing in eco-industrial parks (water, energy, by-products, etc.), the most promising way for their implementation is to consider multiple platforms to fully exploit the contribution of each of them. As for the management implications, the suggestion is to integrate the results obtained from the different platforms and to evaluate the configurational alternatives with multi-criteria procedures.

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Zientz, Evelyn, Ivo Beyaert, Roy Gross, and Heike Feldhaar. "Relevance of the Endosymbiosis of Blochmannia floridanus and Carpenter Ants at Different Stages of the Life Cycle of the Host." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 9 (September 2006): 6027–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00933-06.

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ABSTRACT Expression of several genes possibly involved in the symbiotic relationship between the obligate intracellular endosymbiont Blochmannia floridanus and its ant host Camponotus floridanus was investigated at different developmental stages of the host by real-time quantitative PCR. These included a set of genes related to nitrogen metabolism (ureC, ureF, glnA, and speB) as well as genes involved in the synthesis of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine (tyrA, aspC, and hisC). The overall transcriptional activity of Blochmannia was found to be quite low during early developmental stages and to increase steadily with host age. However, a concerted peak of gene expression related to nitrogen recycling could be detected around the entire process of pupation, while expression of biosynthesis pathways for aromatic amino acids was elevated only during a short phase in pupation. These data suggest an important role of certain metabolic functions for the symbiotic interactions of the bacteria and an individual host organism in early phases of development. General relevance of Blochmannia for its ant host was tested in fostering experiments with worker groups of Camponotus floridanus, and their success in raising pupae from first-instar larvae was used as a fitness measure. Groups treated with antibiotics had a significantly reduced success in raising the brood in comparison to untreated control groups, indicating that the symbiosis is relevant for the development of the entire colony.

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Ruiz, Mabell, and Fabian Diaz. "Life Cycle Sustainability Evaluation of Potential Bioenergy Development for Landfills in Colombia." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0035.

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Abstract The Colombian energy matrix faces significant changes toward meeting its energy needs while fulfilling its pledges in the Intended National Determined Contributions linked to the Paris Agreement. The country has developed a plan for energy transition with a 2050 horizon, a strategy reflected and supported by new legislative packages. Within its design, biomass and biomass waste play a vital role in bioenergy production; however, the benefits of deploying new bioenergy production facilities have not been fully accounted for, including only an economic and climate change perspective. In this work, a Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of a potential bioenergy plant for industrial symbiosis with the largest landfill in the country is undertaken, avoiding environmental burden shifting between environmental damage categories and exposing the social potential of such projects. The results show how these types of projects are economically feasible and have the potential to boost the sustainable development of local communities, which under the Colombian context, have been structurally relegated from conventional economic growth for decades.

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Canizales-Flores, H. M., A. P. Rodríguez-Troncoso, F. A. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, and A. L. Cupul-Magaña. "A Long-Term Symbiotic Relationship: Recruitment and Fidelity of the Crab Trapezia on Its Coral Host Pocillopora." Diversity 13, no. 9 (September 19, 2021): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13090450.

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The symbiotic relationship between the crab Trapezia spp. and pocilloporid corals has been characterized as obligate. Although this relationship is considered common and has been widely registered within the distribution areas of these corals, the initiation of this symbiotic relation and its potential persistence throughout the life cycle of the crustacean is still poorly described. To understand the Trapezia–Pocillopora symbiosis, determining the time and conditions when Trapezia recruits a coral colony and the factors influencing this process are key. Thus, in the present study, healthy, small and unrecruited coral fragments were attached to the substrates (using cable ties) of nearby adult Pocillopora colonies. All fragments were monitored for two years to measure their growth and size at the first evidence of Trapezia crab recruitment, as well as the abundance and permanence of the crabs on the coral fragments. Results showed a relation between the space available (coral volume) and crab recruitment as an increase in substrate complexity is required to provide protection for the crabs and hence maintain the symbiosis, while abiotic conditions such as sea temperature and the distance of the fragments from the adult coral colonies seemingly did not affect the recruitment process. In addition, crabs are able to move between colonies, thus discarding the theory that once recruited, crabs are obligate residents on this specific colony.

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Ekman, Martin, Petter Tollbäck, Johan Klint, and Birgitta Bergman. "Protein Expression Profiles in an Endosymbiotic Cyanobacterium Revealed by a Proteomic Approach." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 19, no. 11 (November 2006): 1251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-19-1251.

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Molecular mechanisms behind adaptations in the cyano-bacterium (Nostoc sp.) to a life in endosymbiosis with plants are still not clarified, nor are the interactions between the partners. To get further insights, the proteome of a Nostoc strain, freshly isolated from the symbiotic gland tissue of the angiosperm Gunnera manicata Linden, was analyzed and compared with the proteome of the same strain when free-living. Extracted proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry combined with tandem mass spectrometry. Even when the higher percentage of differentiated cells (heterocysts) in symbiosis was compensated for, the majority of the proteins detected in the symbiotic cyanobacteria were present in the free-living counterpart, indicating that most cellular processes were common for both stages. However, differential expression profiling revealed a significant number of proteins to be down-regulated or missing in the symbiotic stage, while others were more abundant or only expressed in symbiosis. The differential protein expression was primarily connected to i) cell envelope-associated processes, including proteins involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis and surface and membrane associated proteins, ii) to changes in growth and metabolic activities (C and N), including upregulation of nitrogenase and proteins involved in the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and downregu-lation of Calvin cycle enzymes, and iii) to the dark, micro-aerobic conditions offered inside the Gunnera gland cells, including changes in relative phycobiliprotein concentrations. This is the first comprehensive analysis of proteins in the symbiotic state.

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Schneider, Petra, Lukas Folkens, Andreas Meyer, and Tino Fauk. "Sustainability and Dimensions of a Nexus Approach in a Sharing Economy." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 11, 2019): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030909.

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Increasing global resource consumption puts the availability of natural mineral resources under significant pressure. One strategy to overcome this trend is the decoupling of economic growth and resource consumption and the application of circular economy approaches. These approaches aim at closing material cycles across sectoral boundaries. Beside these attempts, there are further options for action aimed at minimization of resource consumption through resource sharing approaches. This study investigates resource-saving potentials on different scales namely on a personal scale through sharing goods and services, but also in the frame of industrial symbiosis through sharing of secondary resources at a company scale. The environmental effects have been quantified using life cycle assessment examples for these two simulated cases. The results show for both resource consumption levels, resource savings potentials of up to 2 powers of ten, that can particularly be proven regarding the impact category ‘fossil resource depletion’. The emergence of industrial symbiosis can be identified by six factors: Resource, government, economy, company, technology, and society. The cases simulated in the study are supported by empirical evidence from real-life examples, which consider the mentioned factors.

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PERKINS, S. K., and G. A. PETERS. "The Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis: endophyte continuity in the Azolla life-cycle is facilitated by epidermal trichomes †." New Phytologist 123, no. 1 (April 28, 2006): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb04531.x.

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PETERS, G. A., and S. K. PERKINS. "The Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis: endophyte continuity in the Azolla life-cycle is facilitated by epidermal trichomes †." New Phytologist 123, no. 1 (April 28, 2006): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb04532.x.

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Guan, Huirui, Xin Liu, Luis A. J. Mur, Yanping Fu, Yahui Wei, Jing Wang, and Wei He. "Rethinking of the Roles of Endophyte Symbiosis and Mycotoxin in Oxytropis Plants." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050400.

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Plants in the Oxytropis genus can live with the endophytic fungi Alternaria sect. Undifilum. Swainsonine, the mycotoxin produced by the endophyte render the host plant toxic and this has been detrimental to grazing livestock in both China and U.S.A. Despite previous efforts, many questions remain to be solved, such as the transmission mode and life cycle of host–endophyte symbiont, the biosynthesis pathway of swainsonine, and in particular the ecological role and evolution of such symbiosis. In this review, we compile the literature to synthesize ideas on the diversity of the symbiosis and propagation of the endophyte. We further compare the previous work from both Alternaria sect. Undifilum and other swainsonine producing fungi to orchestrate a more comprehensive biosynthesis pathway of swainsonine. We also connect swainsonine biosynthesis pathway with that of its precursor, lysine, and link this to a potential role in modulating plant stress response. Based on this we hypothesize that this host–endophyte co-evolution originated from the needs for host plant to adapt for stress. Validation of this hypothesis will depend on future research on endophytic symbiosis in Oxytropis and help in better understanding the roles of plant–endophyte symbiosis in non-Poaceae species.

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Vader, Wim, and Anne Helene S. Tandberg. "Amphipods and sea anemones, an update." Journal of Crustacean Biology 40, no. 6 (September 2, 2020): 872–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruaa061.

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Abstract We present an updated survey of the Amphipoda that live in association with sea anemones. These amphipods can be divided into four groups: 1) symbiotic amphipods using sea anemones mainly for protection, but feeding largely independently; 2) amphipods feeding on sea anemones, but not permanently associated; 3) symbiotic amphipods living permanently among the tentacles of the sea anemones; and 4) symbiotic amphipods living permanently in the gastrovascular cavity of the sea anemones. Contrary to previous speculations, it appears that the amphipods in groups 3 and 4 mainly feed on host tissue, and the anemone-eating amphipods can therefore generally be classified as micropredators (group 2), ectoparasites (group 3), and almost endoparasites (especially those species in group 4 that spend their entire life cycle inside their hosts). Although the associates in the latter two groups show various minor morphological, reproductive, and physiological adaptations to the symbiosis, these associations evolved many times independently. We provide new information on feeding ecology and a discussion of the evolution of these associations.

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Abramova, A. V., and A. G. Topaj. "Case Study of Plant-Microbial Symbiosis Model Using Evolutionary Game Theory." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 13, no. 1 (May 8, 2018): 130–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2018.13.130.

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Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (rhizobia) have symbiotic relationships with legumes: they inhabit legume root nodules and convert atmospheric nitrogen to a plant available form in exchange for photosynthates. Generally, this symbiotic process called biological nitrogen fixation is mutually beneficial to both plants and bacteria. Using this mechanism symbionts acquire alternative sources of hard-to-reach individual growth resources (carbon for rhizobia and nitrogen for plants). However, not all rhizobia provide fixed nitrogen to the host plant honestly: some of them can behave as a kind of cheaters. Unlimited cheating rhizobia strains propagation may potentially disrupt the symbiotic relationships. This raises the question of plant–rhizobia mutualism evolutionary stability. This paper presents the results of the legume–rhizobia interactions investigation implemented as AnyLogic agent-based models. Three modifications of interaction model ("one plant – one strain of rhizobia", "one plant – several strains of rhizobia", "one plant with root nitrogen uptake – several strains of rhizobia") in the form of evolutionary games in two populations (rhizobia and plants) are considered by the authors. Simulated natural selection is driven by populations heterogeneity: each agent has its own cooperation parameter which determines its strategy in evolutionary game. In the set of numerical experiments the following results were obtained. Simulated populations tend to become homogeneous with cooperation parameter value close to the theoretically optimal. Such degenerated structure of populations is evolutionarily stable and maximizes the total growth of the entire symbiotic system. Thus, the logic of symbionts co-development simulation itself prevents the emergence of parasitic strategies and automatically provides rational and mutually beneficial partnership sustainability. This remains true in the early stages of ontogenesis or under the assumption that life cycle duration is unlimited.

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Brewin, Nicholas J. "Legume root nodule symbiosis: An evolving story in biology and biotechnology." Biochemist 35, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03504014.

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The evolution of biological nitrogen fixation is central to the evolution of life on earth. Nitrogen is an essential component of proteins and nucleic acids and its restricted availability to living organisms has often been a major factor limiting growth. Despite the overwhelming abundance of N2 gas in the atmosphere, di-nitrogen is chemically inaccessible to most forms of life. For their growth and metabolism, most organisms use the ‘fixed’ forms of nitrogen, either as ammonium (NH4+) or as nitrate (NO3-), or derivatives thereof. However, the major input into the global nitrogen cycle is through the reductive process of biological nitrogen fixation which converts atmospheric N2 into ammonia (NH3). This process evolved in bacteria and/or archaea over 2.5 billion years ago while the planet still had a reducing atmosphere. Today, biological nitrogen fixation is still restricted to the bacteria and archaea. The legume root nodule symbiosis allows the host plant to benefit directly by association with soil bacteria, collectively termed rhizobia, which fix nitrogen as endosymbionts.

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Chowdhury, Raja, Nidia Caetano, Matthew J. Franchetti, and Kotnoor Hariprasad. "Life Cycle Based GHG Emissions from Algae Based Bioenergy with a Special Emphasis on Climate Change Indicators and Their Uses in Dynamic LCA: A Review." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 17, 2023): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031767.

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Life cycle-based analysis is a key to understand these biofuels’ climate benefits. This manuscript provides a state-of-the-art review of current biofuel production, primarily through algae-based routes. Standalone biofuel production has an unfavorable environmental and energy footprint. Therefore, industrial symbiosis is required to reduce the environmental impacts of biofuel. The availability of waste heat, CO2, renewable energy, and colocation of other industries, especially renewable energy and dairy firms, have been demonstrated beneficial for producing biofuel through the algal route. Dynamic life cycle assessment (DLCA) issues were discussed in detail. DLCA is one of the highlighted areas of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) paradigm that can improve the applicability of climate change indicators used in the LCA. Various climate change indicators, global warming potential (GWP), global temperature change (GTP), and climate tipping point (CTP) were discussed in detail. Special emphasis was given to waste-based bioenergy production and its LCA as this route provided the lowest GHG emissions compared to the other bioenergy production pathways (e.g., from energy crops, using lignocellulosic biomass, etc.). The use of LCA results and modification of life cycle inventory (e.g., modification in the form of the regional energy mix, dynamic Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), etc.) was another highlight of this study. Such modifications need to be incorporated if one wants to improve the applicability of LCA results for net zero target analysis.

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WANG, SHA, DAN-DAN CUI, and YI-YING ZHAO. "Dynamics of transcriptome-based gene expression across spider mite life cycle induced by Wolbachia." Zoosymposia 22 (November 30, 2022): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.198.

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Wolbachia are maternally transmitted endosymbionts which cause an array of effects on hosts reproduction, fitness, immunity etc. To better understand Wolbachia-associated effects on their hosts, we identified gene expression profilings for a spider mite, Tetranychus turkestani, across the entire life cycle by transcriptome sequencing. Dynamic changes of mites at different developmental stages, including eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults were analyzed. We found that quite a few host genes exhibited stage- or sex-specific expression differences across the mite life cycle. Most metabolism processes were affected by Wolbachia, such as detoxification, redox, reproduction and immunity pathways. Differentially expressed genes of detoxification metabolism included ABC transporters, cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase and carboxylesterase. Differentially expressed genes of reproduction included cathepsin B, histone acetyltransferase KAT7, Juvenile hormone binding, histone H2B etc. Our work provides comprehensive insights into the developmental dynamics of differential gene-expression for a mite associated with an intracellular bacterium, and shows that public gene expression data harbor rich resources to probe the functional basis of the Wolbachia-mite symbiosis.

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Kerdlap, Piya, Jonathan Sze Choong Low, Daren Zong Loong Tan, Zhiquan Yeo, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "M3-IS-LCA: A Methodology for Multi-level Life Cycle Environmental Performance Evaluation of Industrial Symbiosis Networks." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 161 (October 2020): 104963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104963.

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Liu, Qiang, Peipei Jiang, Jun Zhao, Bo Zhang, Huadan Bian, and Guangren Qian. "Life cycle assessment of an industrial symbiosis based on energy recovery from dried sludge and used oil." Journal of Cleaner Production 19, no. 15 (October 2011): 1700–1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.06.013.

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Dong, Liang, Hanwei Liang, Liguo Zhang, Zhaowen Liu, Zhiqiu Gao, and Mingming Hu. "Highlighting regional eco-industrial development: Life cycle benefits of an urban industrial symbiosis and implications in China." Ecological Modelling 361 (October 2017): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.07.032.

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Pan, Meixia, Wanming Chen, Shengyuan Wang, and Xiaolan Wu. "The Influence of Low Carbon Emission Engine on the Life Cycle of Automotive Products: A Case Study of Three-Cylinder Models in the Chinese Market." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 6849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186849.

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There is a development trend for fuel vehicles to adopt low-carbon emission engines. The sales of cars with low-carbon three-cylinder engines in the Chinese market have declined. Is the life cycle of automotive products with three-cylinder engines entering a recession stage? In order to achieve this research objective, which is to investigate whether assembling a three-cylinder engine affects the life cycle of an automotive product, this paper constructs an ecological theory-based approach to measuring the life cycle of automotive products. First, the logistic model is used to measure the intrinsic growth rate, internal inhibition coefficient, and theoretical upper limit of product sales scale before and after the automotive products are equipped with three-cylinder engines. In the second stage, the Lotka–Volterra model is used to calculate the intrinsic growth rate, internal inhibition coefficient, theoretical upper limit, and symbiosis coefficient of the sales scale of the products before and after the three-cylinder engine, taking the Chinese automobile manufacturing enterprises as an example for empirical analysis. The research results show that the selection of three- cylinder engine for automotive products will not lead to the product life cycle entering the recession period ahead of time.

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SHI Xiaoqing, 施晓清, 李笑诺 LI Xiaonuo, and 杨建新 YANG Jianxin. "Eco-management benefit analysis of industrial resources from life cycle perspective：a case study of a virtual symbiosis network." Acta Ecologica Sinica 33, no. 19 (2013): 6398–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5846/stxb201304180738.

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Valadares, Rafael B. S., Fabio Marroni, Fabiano Sillo, Renato R. M. Oliveira, Raffaella Balestrini, and Silvia Perotto. "A Transcriptomic Approach Provides Insights on the Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of the Mediterranean Orchid Limodorum abortivum in Nature." Plants 10, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020251.

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The study of orchid mycorrhizal interactions is particularly complex because of the peculiar life cycle of these plants and their diverse trophic strategies. Here, transcriptomics has been applied to investigate gene expression in the mycorrhizal roots of Limodorum abortivum, a terrestrial mixotrophic orchid that associates with ectomycorrhizal fungi in the genus Russula. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying plant–fungus interactions in adult orchids in nature and in particular into the plant responses to the mycorrhizal symbiont(s) in the roots of mixotrophic orchids. Our results indicate that amino acids may represent the main nitrogen source in mycorrhizal roots of L. abortivum, as already suggested for orchid protocorms and other orchid species. The upregulation, in mycorrhizal L. abortivum roots, of some symbiotic molecular marker genes identified in mycorrhizal roots from other orchids as well as in arbuscular mycorrhiza, may mirror a common core of plant genes involved in endomycorrhizal symbioses. Further efforts will be required to understand whether the specificities of orchid mycorrhiza depend on fine-tuned regulation of these common components, or whether specific additional genes are involved.

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Lenz, Lisa, Kai Christian Weist, Marvin Hoepfner, Panagiotis Spyridis, and Mike Gralla. "Symbiosis of life-cycle structural design and asset management based on Building Information Modeling: Application for industrial facility equipment." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 12, no. 1 (September 8, 2020): 2170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2020-0013.

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AbstractIn the last few years, particular focus has been devoted to the life cycle performance of fastening systems, which is reflected in increasing numbers of publications, standards and large-scale research efforts. Simultaneously, experience shows that in many cases, where fastening systems are implemented – such as industrial facilities – the design of fasteners is governed by fatigue loading under dynamic characteristics. In order to perform an adequate design and to specify the most efficient and appropriate fastening product, the engineer needs to access and process a broad range of technical and commercial information. Building information modelling (BIM), as a data management method in the construction industry, can supply such information and accommodate a comprehensive design and specification process. Furthermore, the application of BIM-based processes, such as the generation of a BIM-model, allows to use the important information for the construction as well as the life cycle management with different actions and time dependencies of the asset and its components. As a consequence, the BIM model offers the potential to correlate different data relevant for achieving the goals of the respective application, in order to ensure a more effective and correct design of the fastening. This paper demonstrates such a BIM-based design framework for an Industry 4.0 case, and in particular, the installation of a factory robot through post-installed anchors under fatigue-relevant loading in concrete.

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Hildebrandt, Jakob, Sinéad O'Keeffe, Alberto Bezama, and Daniela Thrän. "Revealing the Environmental Advantages of Industrial Symbiosis in Wood‐Based Bioeconomy Networks: An Assessment From a Life Cycle Perspective." Journal of Industrial Ecology 23, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 808–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12818.

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Wang, Shanshan, Chunyang Lu, Yu Gao, Ke Wang, and Ruiqin Zhang. "Life cycle assessment of reduction of environmental impacts via industrial symbiosis in an energy-intensive industrial park in China." Journal of Cleaner Production 241 (December 2019): 118358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118358.

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Daddi, Tiberio, Benedetta Nucci, and Fabio Iraldo. "Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to measure the environmental benefits of industrial symbiosis in an industrial cluster of SMEs." Journal of Cleaner Production 147 (March 2017): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.090.

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Bell-Roberts, Louis, Angela E. Douglas, and Gijsbert D. A. Werner. "Match and mismatch between dietary switches and microbial partners in plant sap-feeding insects." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1902 (May 15, 2019): 20190065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0065.

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Some animal groups associate with the same vertically transmitted microbial symbionts over extended periods of evolutionary time, punctuated by occasional symbiont switches to different microbial taxa. Here we test the oft-repeated suggestion that symbiont switches are linked with host diet changes, focusing on hemipteran insects of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. These insects include the only animals that feed on plant xylem sap through the life cycle, as well as taxa that feed on phloem sap and plant parenchyma cells. Ancestral state reconstruction provides strong statistical support for a xylem feeding auchenorrhynchan ancestor bearing the dual symbiosis with the primary symbiont Sulcia (Bacteroidetes) and companion symbiont ‘β-Sym’ (β-proteobacteria). We identified seven dietary transitions from xylem feeding (six to phloem feeding, one to parenchyma feeding), but no reversions to xylem feeding; five evolutionary losses of Sulcia , including replacements by yeast symbionts, exclusively in phloem/parenchyma-feeding lineages; and 14–15 losses of β-Sym, including nine transitions to a different bacterial companion symbiont. Our analysis indicates that, although companion symbiont switching is not associated with shifts in host diet, Sulcia is probably required for xylem-feeding. Furthermore, the ancestral auchenorrhynchan bearing Sulcia and β-Sym probably represents the sole evolutionary origin of xylem feeding in the animal kingdom.

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Ruiz-Lozano, Juan M., Carlos Collados, Rosa Porcel, Rosario Azcón, and JoséM Barea. "Identification of a cDNA from the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus intraradices that is Expressed During Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Up-Regulated by N Fertilization." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 15, no. 4 (April 2002): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2002.15.4.360.

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A cDNA library was constructed with RNA from Glomus intraradices-colonized lettuce roots and used for differential screening. This allowed the identification of a cDNA (Gi-1) that was expressed only in mycorrhizal roots and was of fungal origin. The function of the gene product is unknown, because Gi-1 contained a complete open reading frame that was predicted to encode a protein of 157 amino acids which only showed little homology with glutamine synthetase from Helicobacter pylori. The time-course analysis of gene expression during the fungal life cycle showed that Gi-1 was expressed only during the mycorrhizal symbiosis and was not detected in dormant or germinating spores of G. intraradices. P fertilization did not significantly change the pattern of Gi-1 expression compared with that in the unfertilized treatment, whereas N fertilization (alone or in combination with P) considerably enhanced the Gi-1 transcript accumulation. This increase in gene expression correlated with plant N status and growth under such conditions. The possible role of the Gi-1 gene product in intermediary N metabolism of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is further discussed.

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Martin, Michael, Sofia Poulikidou, and Elvira Molin. "Exploring the Environmental Performance of Urban Symbiosis for Vertical Hydroponic Farming." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 6724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236724.

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Vertical farming has emerged in urban areas as an approach to provide more resilient food production. However, a substantial share of the material requirements come from outside their urban environments. With urban environments producing a large share of residual and waste streams, extensive protential exists to employ these material and energy streams as inputs in urban farming systems to promote more circular economy approaches. The aim of this article is to assess the environmental performance of employing residual material flows for vertical hydroponic farming in urban environments in order to support more circular, resilient, and sustainable urban food supply. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used to assess replacing conventional growing media and fertilizers with urban residual streams. Paper, compost, and brewers’ spent grains were assessed for replacements to conventional gardening soil employed in the studied system. Biogas digestate was also assessed as a replacement for conventional fertilizers used in the recirculating water bath. The results suggest that large environmental performance benefits are illustrated when conventional growing media is replaced. Although not as significant, employing fertilizers from residual urban streams also leads to large potential benefits, suggesting the two residual streams have the potential for more circular hydroponic systems.

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Barrau, Enora, and Mathias Glaus. "Structural and Environmental Performance of Evolving Industrial Symbiosis: A Multidimensional Analysis." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010693.

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Industrial symbiosis (IS) involves networks of organizations collaborating through flow exchanges. Scientific research has shown that such systems are able to provide benefits at the environmental level. Structural organization and stability were also studied, as they are linked to resilience (maintenance of activity over time), especially with ecological network analysis (ENA), which considers several dimensions in the assessment of a network organization. Studies combining ENA and environmental assessment are lacking in the literature; therefore, the links between the two dimensions are not well documented. The intention of this study was to fill this gap by analyzing structural and environmental performance simultaneously using ENA and a life-cycle-analysis-based approach focusing on the structural topology of IS. The results show that the two dimensions do not strictly influence each other. Structural performance was found to vary depending on the network structure topology, whereas environmental performance was influenced by the network complexity. To ensure the continuation of IS benefits, the two dimensions should be considered in the decision-making process in IS planification, even if they are independent evaluation criteria. Tradeoffs should be based on IS development possibilities and territorial needs.

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Simões, Fábio, Francisco-Javier Rios-Davila, Helena Paiva, Hamid Maljaee, Miguel Morais, and Victor M. Ferreira. "Sustainability Evaluation Using a Life Cycle and Circular Economy Approach in Precast Concrete with Waste Incorporation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 11617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411617.

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Waste valorisation as secondary or alternative raw materials in several sectors products and processes has been an important way to implement a more sustainable and circular way to manage the efficient use of natural resources. This action contributes not only to save natural resources but also to prevent sending large amounts of wastes, some of them dangerous, to landfill disposal, creating a major environmental, economic and social impact. To promote circular economy, this work attempts to demonstrate the environmental gains in a competitive way, by bringing together in an industrial symbiosis action, two large producing sectors (the pulp and paper industry and concrete construction sector), which are also able to consume significant amounts of resources and to generate large amounts of wastes. A sustainability evaluation based on a life cycle and circular approach is presented and discussed using a simple case study performed at real industrial scale. The lime ash waste from the pulp and paper industry is used to replace 100% of the natural filler used in precast concrete production and the impacts and benefits from the technical, environmental, economic and social level were assessed. It was demonstrated that this simple action causes positive impacts in the evaluated dimensions of sustainability without causing any changes in production time and causes no degradation on relevant concrete properties.

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Mattila, Tuomas J., Suvi Pakarinen, and Laura Sokka. "Quantifying the Total Environmental Impacts of an Industrial Symbiosis - a Comparison of Process-, Hybrid and Input−Output Life Cycle Assessment." Environmental Science & Technology 44, no. 11 (June 2010): 4309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902673m.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Life cycle symbiosis'

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