Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'LiCl'
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1
Hien-Dinh, Thi Thu [Verfasser], and Reto [Akademischer Betreuer] Gieré. "Processing of Vietnamese lithium ores to produce LiCl." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119328373/34.
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Beckert, Steffen, and Frank Stallmach. "Water dynamics of LiCl solutions confined in nanopores." Diffusion fundamentals 18 (2013) 13, S. 1-4, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13721.
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The self-diffusion of water in aqueous solutions of lithium chloride in bulk solutions and in these solutions confined to porous glass monoliths with bimodal pore structure has been studied by PFG NMR. The concentration dependent data for the bulk solutions are
analyzed by the description of Sevrugin et al. [1], which yields information about the water dynamics within the ion’s hydration shell. For an application to confined diffusion, this description is extended by introducing a tortuosity factor. Whereas in the larger macropores no influence on the water dynamics within the hydration shell is detected, in the smaller mesopores, a significant increase of the mobility of the hydrating water molecules is observed.
3
Walter, Jörg, and Marlen Brückner. "Comparison of a Backscatter LIDAR during LICL 2009." Universität Leipzig, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A16373.
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In May 2009 the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) started an intercomparison campaign took place in Leipzig, Germany. The main objective was to compare the mobile Earlinet-LIDARs to have characteristically reference systems and to ensure permanent qualitative Measurements. To test the LIDAR of the Leipziger Institute for Meteorology (LIM) measurements during the comparison time periods were performed and compared to two EARLINET – LIDARs. The main objective was to compare the range-corrected total signal as well as backscatter and extinction coefficients to get information of the accuracy of the system for further independent
measurements in the future. It will be shown that the ALS300 is able to achieve results which are in agreement to other lidar systems. However the deviation to the other Lidars depends strongly on the background radiation so that there is a smaller deviation of the mean signal during nighttime measurements then daytime measurements.
4
Tsujimura, Hiroyuki. "Electrochemical nitriding in molten LiCL-KCL-Li3N systems." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147418.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(エネルギー科学)
甲第10972号
エネ博第83号
新制||エネ||24(附属図書館)
UT51-2004-G819
京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー基礎科学専攻
(主査)教授 伊藤 靖彦, 教授 八尾 健, 教授 吉田 起國
学位規則第4条第1項該当
5
Beckert, Steffen, and Frank Stallmach. "Water dynamics of LiCl solutions confined in nanopores." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-184393.
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The self-diffusion of water in aqueous solutions of lithium chloride in bulk solutions and in these solutions confined to porous glass monoliths with bimodal pore structure has been studied by PFG NMR. The concentration dependent data for the bulk solutions are
analyzed by the description of Sevrugin et al. [1], which yields information about the water dynamics within the ion’s hydration shell. For an application to confined diffusion, this description is extended by introducing a tortuosity factor. Whereas in the larger macropores no influence on the water dynamics within the hydration shell is detected, in the smaller mesopores, a significant increase of the mobility of the hydrating water molecules is observed.
6
Sticht, Martin. "The MAGL Inhibitor, JZL184, Attenuates LiCl-Induced Vomiting in the Suncus murinus and 2AG Attenuates LiCl-Induced Nausea-Like Behavior in Rats." British Journal of Pharmacology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/2968.
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The role of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in nausea and vomiting was evaluated using a shrew (Suncus murinus) model of emesis and nausea-like behavior in rats, conditioned gaping. Shrews received JZL184, a selective MAGL inhibitor, prior to treatment with emetogenic lithium chloride (LiCl). The potential of exogenously administered 2-AG and arachidonic acid (AA) to regulate conditioned gaping was assessed in rats. The role of cannabinoid receptors and cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition in suppression of vomiting and conditioned gaping was also evaluated. JZL184 dose-dependently suppressed vomiting in shrews, and was shown to inhibit MAGL in shrew brain tissue. The anti-emetic effects of JZL184 were prevented by the CB1 antagonist, AM251. Exogenous 2-AG suppressed LiCl-induced conditioned gaping, but was not prevented by AM251 or the CB2 antagonist, AM630. Instead, the COX inhibitor, indomethacin, prevented the suppressive effects of 2-AG, as well as AA. These results suggest that manipulations that elevate 2-AG may have anti-emetic/anti-nausea potential.This research was supported by research grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC 92057) to Linda Parker, the Israel Science Foundation (DA009789) to Raphael Mechoulam, and the National Institutes of Health (DA009789, DA017259) to Benjamin Cravatt.
7
Nakajima, Hironori. "Hydrogen Electrode Reaction in a Molten LiCl-KCl-LiH System." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147420.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(エネルギー科学)
甲第10974号
エネ博第85号
新制||エネ||24(附属図書館)
UT51-2004-G821
京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー基礎科学専攻
(主査)教授 伊藤 靖彦, 教授 尾形 幸生, 教授 片桐 晃
学位規則第4条第1項該当
8
Hardtmayer, Douglas E. "A Radioactive Tracer Dilution Method for LiCl-KCl Radioactive Eutectic Salts." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523375325275413.
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Ishii, Daisuke. "Solubilization and gelation mechanisms of cellulose in LiCl/N,N-dimethylacetamide." Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145039.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11639号
農博第1495号
新制||農||909(附属図書館)
学位論文||H17||N4032(農学部図書室)
23282
UT51-2005-D388
京都大学大学院農学研究科森林科学専攻
(主査)教授 松本 孝芳, 教授 中坪 文明, 教授 西尾 嘉之
学位規則第4条第1項該当
10
El, Hachadi Ahmed. "Nucléation et croissance de la glace dans l'électrolyte LiCl, RH2O, R > 6, défini comme un milieu hétérogène composé de microdomaines d' "eau" et de LiCl,6H2O." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10109.
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Apres avoir situe l'etat des connaissances sur les systemes licl, h#2o ou d#2o et rappele leur interet pratique pour la cryoconservation et l'interet theorique relatif aux structures moleculaires des liquides et verres d'electrolyte, on etudie l'ionisation entre forces ioniques et liaisons hydrogene ou dipolaires et leur influence sur les aptitudes a vitrifier, ou nucleer de maniere homogene ou heterogene. Des etudes volumiques originales mettent en evidence deux types de comportement: a) pour x% de licl>14 (r=1-x/x<6): comportement standard des liquides et b) pour x%<14, r>6, les anomalies de volume de l'eau sont encore presentes. Des etudes par diffusion de lumiere, regime rayleigh (effet tyndall) sur les liquides troubles par la nucleation volumique homogene permettent de preciser les cinetiques de la nucleation et de la croissance. La premiere est analysee en terme de la theorie de gibbs et turnbull. Les composants de la cinetique de croissance en representation de mehl-johnson-avrami sont determines. Le comportement en terme de fluctuations et phenomene critique et suggere. La cristallisation heterogene sur les fractures du verre residuelles et egalement presentee
11
Piller, Fabian Michel. "LiCl-Mediated Direct Insertion of Magnesium Into Aryl, Heteroaryl and Benzylic Halides." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-114123.
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Mohamedi, Mohamed. "Étude électrochimique de l'indium en milieu LiCl-KCl fondu à 450°C." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0020.
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Ce travail est porte sur la caracterisation des proprietes physico-chimiques, et en particulier les proprietes electrochimiques de l'indium en milieu licl-kcl entre 400 et 500c. Dans une premiere partie de ce travail le mecanisme et la cinetique de la reduction des solutions d'incl#3 jusqu'au metal sont etudies. Des etudes en regime transitoire (voltamperometrie, chronopotentiometrie, chronoamperometrie) couplees a des mesures potentiometriques ont permis de conclure sur un mecanisme reactionnel en deux etapes, sur la stabilite des degres d'oxydation +1 et +3 de l'indium, et de donner des valeurs pour les constantes cinetiques et thermodynamiques des echanges in#3#+/in#+ et in#+/in#0. Les conclusions de cette partie de ce travail sont validees en comparant les courbes simulees aux courbes experimentales. Dans la suite de ce travail, la mise au point d'une electrode a disque tournant utilisable a haute temperature est presentee. Cette partie est suivie d'une etude des couples redox de l'indium, par spectroscopie d'impedance electrochimique. Les spectres experimentaux sont compares aux spectres calcules selon un modele theorique etabli. Les resultats ont permis de corroborer ceux obtenus aux moyens des methodes transitoires
13
Morris, Richard. "The Role of Counter-conditioning in the Extinction of Conditioned Taste Aversions." University of Sydney. Psychology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/372.
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The experiments reported in this thesis attempted to examine the influence of thirst on the extinction of taste aversions in rats. Differences in the amount of stimulus exposure and deprivation state between groups were controlled for. The first experiment presented two novel flavours twelve times to rats when either thirsty or sated. A preference for the flavour presented when thirsty was established. The next three experiments examined whether this preference would accelerate the extinction of a taste aversion, by first pairing a novel flavour with lithium and then presenting the conditioned flavour when rats were either sated or thirsty. No evidence of accelerated extinction was found. The final two experiments examined whether the associatively-activated representation of sucrose could function to extinguish a taste-aversion to that sucrose without presenting sucrose itself. No evidence of representation-mediated extinction was found despite evidence that the context was associated with sucrose. The results indicate that the extinction of conditioned taste aversions is not influenced by counter-conditioning due to thirst relief, and extinction of such aversions appears to be due to similar processes as other forms of conditioning.
14
Jiang, Bin. "Separation of water out of highly concentrated electrolyte solutions using multistage vacuum membrane distillation." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129358.
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Absorption dehumidification requires regeneration system to regenerate diluted desiccant solutions, which are still highly concentrated. A novel multi-stage vacuum membrane distillation system was applied for separating water out of the highly concentrated solution. The performance of this novel membrane distillation system with high concentration solution is studied, as well as the effect of solution concentration, heating temperature and feed flow rate on concentration increase, permeate flux and specific energy consumption was studied. Feed solutions are LiCl solution (22-30 wt%) and CH3COOK solution (50-60 wt%).Other experimental parameters studied were: heating temperature, 70-80 °C, feed flow rate, 1.2-2.0 l/min. Response surface method is applied for model building, in order to provide a better understanding of the interactions between different parameters. Compared with pure water, high concentration solution has lower vapor pressure, which leads to lower permeate flux. The highest concentration the system can reach is 36.5 wt% for LiCl solution and over 70 wt% for CH3COOK solution, when the heating temperature is 80 °C. Lower concentration and higher heating temperature will result in larger increase in concentration, higher permeate flux and also lower specific energy consumption. But due to the configuration of the system, optimal flow rates can be found under different conditions. Within the testing region, the permeate flux ranges between 0.147-1.802 l/(m2h) for LiCl solution and 0.189-1.263 l/(m2h) for CH3COOK solution. With low concentration, high heating temperature and low feed flow rate, low specific energy consumptions, 0.85 kWh/l and 0.94 kWh/l for LiCl and CH3COOK solutions are observed respectively. With external heating recovery system, this value can be further reduced.
15
Ballouki, El Hassan. "Détermination du diagramme de viscosité ternaire NaCl-KCl-LiCl par la méthode d’écoulement." Lyon, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAL0042.
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Les seules données de viscosité recensées dans la littérature pour les trois chlorures alcalins fondus NaCl, KCl et LiCl ne concernent que les sels purs et deux systèmes binaires NaCl-KCl et KCl-LiCl. Encore apparaissent-elles très dispersées. La détermination du diagramme de viscosité ternaire laissait présager la nécessité d'un grand nombre de mesures, ce qui nous a conduit à opter pour la méthode d'écoulement, assez peu utilisée en milieu d~ sels fondus, mais dont la validité est néanmoins bien établie. L'appareillage, que nous avons réalisé, est du type à capillaire vertical. Il permet de travailler jusqu'à 950 ° C et dans des bains corrosifs (chlorures fondus). Il est en monel. Ses dimensions, pour la détermination desquelles une étude théorique préliminaire a été faite, ont été "optimisées" par une étude sur maquette de plexiglass, grandeur nature (solutions aqueuses de glycérine et de potasse). Un double système d'électrodes alimenté en basse tension alternative, et relié à un chronomètre électronique, permet la mesure précise des temps d'écoulement. Après vérification des données pour les sels purs, nous avons complété les données concernant les viscosités des trois systèmes binaires, puis tracé le diagramme ternaire. Celui-ci a pu être établi à l'aide d'un nombre limité de mélanges de compositions choisies. Pour chacun d' eux, nous avons déterminé la viscosité cinématique dans une gamme de 100 degrés au-dessus du point de fusion, puis déduit l'Energie d'Activation et la valeur de la viscosité dynamique extrapolée à température infinie. Les diagrammes "d' isoénergie d'Activation" et "d'iso (-log n°)" ont été tracés. A partir d'eux, par interpolation et recoupement, nous avons tracé, pour onze températures (de 400 à 900 ° C), les coupes isothermes d' isoviscosité dynamique. Selon la température et la composition du mélange, ƞ vaut de 0,5 à 4,5 centipoises. Enfin certaines analogies avec les diagrammes de phase ont été mises en évidence, sans toutefois avoir été expliquées théoriquement.
16
Maurin, Pierre-Olivier. "Dynamique des processus relaxationnels et structure du système apte à vitrifier LiCl-RH2O." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10022.
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L'etude des modifications structurales et du comportement dynamique d'un systeme formant un verre est importante pour la comprehension generale de la transition vitreuse et de la relaxation structurale. L'electrolyte aqueux de chlorure de lithium a ete choisi et etudie pour les compositions licl-6h#2o et licl-4h#2o qui ont la capacite de franchir de facon continue et sans aucune cristallisation les etats thermodynamiques liquide, liquide surfondu et verre. Les etudes structurales ont ete menees sur le spectrometre sandals et ont permis une caracterisation complete de l'evolution en temperature du principal changement structural dans le systeme, c'est-a-dire la formation du reseau de symetrie tetraedrique des molecules d'eau que l'on retrouve dans l'eau pure. L'evolution structurale representant l'apparition de ce reseau est continue du liquide jusqu'a la temperature de transition vitreuse t#g. Les etudes dynamiques ont grace a l'utilisation de techniques specifiques permis de quantifier les processus relaxationnels sur un tres large domaine de temperature. Les temps de relaxation correspondant aux mouvements cooperatifs ont ete mesures sur 18 decades de temps dans tous les etats thermodynamiques du systeme. A l'aide de la technique rmn et de la spectroscopie de muons, les temps de relaxation secondaire ont ete determines pour la premiere fois du liquide jusqu'au verre. L'analyse montre que les processus et sont distincts sur tout le domaine de temperature mesure sans separation a une temperature critique. De plus l'evolution du processus ne correspond pas a un simple processus arrhenien. A partir de tous ces resultats, les temps de relaxation ont ete analyses sur la base de modeles developpes par perez et ngai.
17
QUINTANA, MARIE DEL PILAR. "Aspects energetique et electrocinetique du comportement du germanium dans l'eutectique licl+kc1 fondu." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066456.
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Pour envisager les possibilites de separation, en milieu chlorures fondus, du germanium contenu en tant qu'element valorisable dans des matrices plomb/zinc nous avons, dans un premier temps, etudie les proprietes chimiques et electrochimiques de cet element dans l'eutectique liclkcl fondu a 723 k. Cette etude nous a permis d'obtenir les parametres cinetiques de transfert de charge et de transfert de masse des differents systemes mis en jeu ainsi que les constantes d'acidite et de dismutation des elements du germanium dans le milieu considere. Les proprietes oxoacido-basiques et oxydo-reductrices de l'element valorisable et d'autres elements de la colonne iv a ont ete etablies et presentees sous forme de diagramme potentiel-acidite imposes par differents melanges gazeux chlorurants nous a permis de proposer un procede d'extraction du germanium
18
Saidi, Abdessattar. "Interaction entre cristallites sur un substrat anisotrope (cas de l'Au sur (100)LiCl)." Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1997. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2178135R.htm.
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Mémoire (M.Sc.) - Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1997.Bibliographie : f [86]-88. Le résumé et la table des matières sont disponibles en format électronique sur le site Web de la bibliothèque. CaQTU
19
Knobloch, Verena [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Ohlmann. "Effekte von LiCl auf den Wnt/beta-Catenin-Signalweg / Verena Knobloch. Betreuer: Andreas Ohlmann." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068055855/34.
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Yoon, Dalsung. "Electrochemical Studies of Cerium and Uranium in LiCl-KCl Eutectic for Fundamentals of Pyroprocessing Technology." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4602.
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Understanding the characteristics of special nuclear materials in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt is extremely important in terms of effective system operation and material accountability for safeguarding pyroprocessing technology. By considering that uranium (U) is the most abundant and important element in the used nuclear fuel, measurements and analyses of U properties were performed in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt. Therefore, the electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), open circuit potential (OCP), Tafel, linear polarization (LP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were conducted under different experimental conditions to explore the electrochemical, thermodynamic, and kinetic properties of U in LiCl-KCl eutectic. The ultimate goal of this study was to develop proper methodologies for measuring and analyzing the exchange current density (i0) of U3+/U reaction, which has not been fully studied and understood in literature.
In the preliminary study, cerium (Ce) was selected as a surrogate material for uranium and its behavior was being explored with the developments of experimental methods. CV was performed to evaluate Ce properties such as the diffusion coefficients (D), apparent standard reduction potential (E0*), Gibbs free energy (DG), and activity coefficient (g). In addition, EIS methods were adapted and specific experimental procedures were established for the proper i0 measurements providing repeatable and reproducible data sets. The i0 values for Ce3+/Ce pair were ranging from 0.0076 A cm-2 to 0.016 A cm-2, depending on the experimental conditions. These preliminary results give insight in developing the experimental setups and methods to evaluate the properties of U in LiCl-KCl. Plus, Ce is one of the lanthanide (Ln) fission products in electrorefiner (ER) system; therefore, the resulting data values yield useful information of the fundamental behaviors of Ln elements in the system.
Based on these developed methodologies, the experimental designs and routines were established to explore the main properties (e.g., D, E0*, etc.) of UCl3 in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt under different concentrations (0.5 wt% to 4 wt% UCl3) and temperatures (723 K to 798 K). Specially, the i0 values of U3+/U were evaluated via EIS, LP, Tafel, and CV methods. All i0 values had linear trends with the change of concentration and temperature; however, these values measured by LP, Tafel, and CV methods were greatly influenced by the change in electrode surface area. Overall, the i0 values agreed within 33% relative error range with the EIS method being the most consistent and accurate in comparison to reported literature values. The measured values of i0 were ranging from 0.0054 A cm-2 to 0.102 A cm-2. Therefore, an extremely reliable database for i0 was provided and it is feasible to anticipate the i0 kinetics in other experimental conditions by using the provided equation models. Furthermore, GdCl3 was added to the LiCl-KCl-UCl3 system to explore the effects of other elements on the U properties such as the diffusion coefficients, thermodynamic properties, and i0 kinetics. The diffusion coefficient was generally decreased by 12 ~ 35% with addition of GdCl3 in LiCl-KCl-UCl3; however, the apparent standard potentials and exchange current density follow the same trends with data obtained without GdCl3 additions. Hence, the results indicate that the thermodynamic and kinetic values for U3+/U reaction in LiCl-KCl eutectic salt are not greatly influenced by the presence of GdCl3.
21
Aono, Hajime. "Structures and rheological properties of plant cellulose/LiCl・DMAc solutions and the effect of mercerization." Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136488.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第12530号
農博第1573号
新制||農||930(附属図書館)
学位論文||H18||N4167(農学部図書室)
UT51-2006-K253
京都大学大学院農学研究科森林科学専攻
(主査)教授 松本 孝芳, 教授 中坪 文明, 教授 西尾 嘉之
学位規則第4条第1項該当
22
Elliott, Justin Peter. "Study of alloying in LiCl-KCl eutectic : development of liquid thin film bismuth macro- and microelectrodes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31508.
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The work within this thesis focuses on the study of alloy formation using an active liquid metal electrode for fundamental analysis and for the extraction and separation of the lanthanides and actinides in a pyroprocessing system. The electrochemical work herein is performed in a molten salt of lithium chloride and potassium chloride at its eutectic point (LKE). This salt is a likely candidate for pyroprocessing due to its relatively low melting point and resistance to degradation on exposure to high levels of radiation. The active electrode material under examination is bismuth due to its propensity to alloy with other elements, its relatively low melting point, high density and non-toxicity. The alloying processes studied are those of bismuth-lithium and bismuth-cerium. Lithium is the limiting reduction reaction defining the negative solvent limit in LKE. As a result, understanding the processes that would occur if the electrode were to be pushed to such negative potentials is of significant importance. Cerium is a commonly-used surrogate for plutonium, which is an element of relatively high concentration in waste nuclear fuel and is of significant interest to the nuclear international community in waste fuel recycling. This work examines the alloying processes in terms of which intermetallic compounds are formed and by what mechanisms. This is achieved through the use of co-deposition on a macro tungsten rod, employing a number of electrochemical techniques to extract pertinent information. Lithium electrodeposition and alloying with bismuth (at the negative solvent limit) was found to form BiLim alloy with increasing m at more reducing potentials, followed by the deposition of near pure lithium. Mixing of these two then gave rise to specific bismuth-lithium alloys and the apparent ejection of a lithium metal fog into the molten salt, which resulted in the chemical reduction of Bi3+ and the loss of the bismuth electrodeposition current. When electrodepositing cerium on, and alloying with, bismuth, the formation of intermetallic compounds is governed by potential with a maximum BiCem stoichiometry of m = 1 with equimolar Bi3+ and Ce3+. However, at concentrations of cerium greater than that of bismuth, alloys much richer in cerium were also deposited at more negative potentials. There is evidence that deposited cerium may also escape into solution and chemically react with Bi3+. In-house microelectrodes are also developed and used for this purpose, both through co-deposition and direct alloy formation on a liquid bismuth thin-film microelectrode. This work demonstrates that these devices provide a richness of information due to their highly beneficial microelectrode properties. A means of controllably depositing bismuth from an aqueous plating bath, without dendrite formation, on both platinum and tungsten microelectrodes was devised. This was followed by electrodeposition of bismuth films on these devices in LKE. Platinum was found to be an active electrode material, alloying with bismuth, while tungsten remained inert. Nonetheless, both electrode types produced characteristic microelectrode behaviour, which was successfully used to determine the diffusion coefficient of bismuth in LKE. A comparison of bismuth-cerium and cerium alloying on a thin film liquid bismuth microelectrode found that the latter indicated the formation of BiCe2 where only BiCe had been seen previously during co-deposition in an equivalent salt. This is thought to be due to the thin film liquid bismuth microelectrode configuration with enhanced Ce3+ mass transport. This response was also used to calculate the diffusion coefficient of cerium inside the bismuth film, which was found to be slightly slower than for Ce3+ in LKE.
23
Lambertin, David. "Proprietes chimiques de l'americium dans l'eutectique licl + kcl fondu-application a la separation americium-lanthanides (neodyme)." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066323.
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Ce travail est consacre a l'etude de l'americium dans les melanges fondus licl-kcl et licl-kcl-lif dans le cadre de la separation americium/lanthanides et de sa gestion dans les systemes nucleaires de generation future. La premiere partie du travail concerne l'etude electrochimique de l'americium dans l'eutectique licl-kcl. L'existence de trois degres d'oxydation (am 3 +, am 2 +, am(0)) a ete confirmee et les valeurs des potentiels normaux ont pu etre determinees. Des dosages potentiometriques ont permis d'une part de mettre en evidence la formation d'espece oxygenees (oxychlorure amocl, sesquioxyde am 2o 3) suivant l'oxoacidite de l'eutectique et d'autre part de determiner les solubilites respectives. Dans un deuxieme temps, une etude electrochimique a montre que l'ajout d'ions fluorures conduit a la dismutation d'am(ii) et a la reduction directe du degre d'oxydation (iii) en americium metal. Dans un troisieme temps, nous avons determine des conditions experimentales potentiellement interessantes pour la separation am/nd soit par precipitation dans licl-kcl soit par electrodeposition dans licl-kcl-lif.
24
BARDET, JEAN-PAUL. "Contribution a l'etude de l'effet d'anode dans les electrolytes fondus tel le melange equimoleculaire licl-kcl fondu." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066585.
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Le calcul des profils theoriques de la raie semi-degeneree li (i) 4f4d4p->2p, incluant une correction tenant compte de l'effet dynamique des ions permet de preciser les principaux parametres du plasma duodique obtenu par electrolyse du melange equimoleculaire fondu licl-kcl. Methode de calcul systematique des elements matriciels de l'operateur omega (t) intervenant dans le formalisme de magnus, pour tout alcalin, pour des collisions electroniques faibles et fortes. Les resultats donnes, appliques aux niveaux n = 4, permettent de confirmer les valeurs numeriques des parametres du plasma (t::(e),n::(e)) et de verifier que les conditions de la limite d'impact sont atteintes
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Milićević, Neumann Ksenija [Verfasser]. "Electrolytic anodic dissolution of Ti, Al and V in LiCl - KCl(eut) based molten salts / Ksenija Milićević Neumann." Düren : Shaker, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240853556/34.
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Pernel, Carole. "Comportement électrochimique de l'américium dans l'eutectique LiCl-KCl fondu en vue de sa séparation des lanthanides par électrodéposition." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0008.
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Miranda, Adriana Ramos de. "Estudo comparativo de soluções ultra diluídas de LiCl: espectroscopia de impedância no intervalo de frequência entre 1kHz e 13MHz." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-20052008-113418/.
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O objetivo principal deste trabalho, foi a caracterização física de soluções ultra diluídas de cloreto de lítio utilizando a técnica de espectroscopia de impedância, no intervalo de freqüência entre 1kHz e 13MHz. A caracterização destas soluções foi realizada, principalmente, através do estudo do comportamento da parte imaginária da impedância de soluções diluídas e dinamizadas, até concentrações de 10-30M. A comparação com a água foi realizada através do estudo de amostras de água (denominada água de referência) submetidas, rigorosamente, ao mesmo processo de diluição e dinamização pelo qual passaram as soluções, com as quais foram comparadas. Os resultados experimentais revelaram, também, que a técnica da espectroscopia de impedância constitui-se em uma boa ferramenta para a investigação da água. Um estudo detalhado sobre a temperatura de medição das soluções foi realizado e, no intervalo de freqüência explorado, o melhor protocolo de medição baseia-se em medidas feitas em uma temperatura próxima da temperatura ambiente, em uma sala climatizada. Os valores experimentais medidos da parte real e imaginária da impedância, em cada ponto de freqüência considerado, foram modelados através dos parâmetros de um circuito elétrico equivalente. Os resultados desta análise mostraram que os dados de impedância, obtidos neste trabalho para as soluções ultra diluídas e para água de referência, são modelados de forma excelente por um circuito composto de uma resistência r em série com um circuito RC (em paralelo). A resistência R, calculada através da modelagem pelo circuito equivalente, revelou-se o melhor parâmetro para caracterizar as soluções ultra diluídas de concentrações inferiores a 10-6 M, assim como as amostras de água estudadas. Diferenças efetivas foram encontradas entre as soluções ultra diluídas LiCl 15cH (correspondente a 15a centesimal hahnemanniana) e a água de referencia, e um comportamento não monotônico da impedância foi observado durante o processo de diluição e dinamização, quando as diluições 3 a 15cH foram medidas para um mesmo lote de amostras.The impedance spectroscopy technique was applied to the physical characterization of ultra high dilutions of lithiun cloride, in the range 1kHz to 13MHz. This characterization was obtained, mainly, by investigating the behavior of the imaginary part of the impedance of diluted and dinamizated solutions, for concentrations down to 10-30M. The experimental results were compared to the ones obtained for water, which have been submitted to exactly the same process of dilution and dinamization. Preliminary tests were carried out in order to identify the best experimental conditions to be used, mainly in respect to choosing the samples\' temperature. In result, the best measuring protocol was observed to be the one in which the liquid samples were measured at room temperature, mantained practically constant by an air conditioning system. The experimental data related to the real and imaginary part of the impedance, for each frequency value, were modeled by adjusting the parameters of an equivalent electric circuit. The results of this analysis showed that the impedance values of the ultra high dilutions and of the water agree quite well with the modelling, when the circuit are composed by a resistance r in series with a RC circuit (in parallel). The resistence R, calculated through the modelling by the equivalent circuit, was the best parameter to characterize both the ultra high dilutions (concentration smaller than 10-6M) as well as the water. Clear differences were also observed when the ultra high dilutions of LiCl 15cH (corresponding to 15a centesimal dilution) were compared to the water. A non-monotonous behavior was obtained when solutions from 3 to 15cH (corresponding to the same lot of samples) were measured.
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Carmona, Patrick. "Etude des états métastables et hors d'équilibre des électrolytes aqueux LiCl, RD2O et BeCl2, RD2O par une caractérisation structurale." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10029.
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La metastabilite des electrolytes aqueux licl, r h#2o a basse temperature est etudiee essentiellement par une caracterisation structurale de l'ordre a courte et moyenne distance. Apres avoir rappele les criteres thermodynamique et cinetique qui definissent les conditions de metastabilite, nous presentons les moyens de caracterisation structurale par diffraction et diffusion de neutrons. Une discussion sur la structure du liquide du systeme licl, r d#2o montre que les compositions particulieres r=6 et r=4 entrainent une structure tetraedrique de la premiere couche d'hydratation du cation li#+ hydrate qui est difficile a destabiliser. L'etude du liquide sous refroidi montre que cet etat metastable peut atteindre un etat d'equilibre jusqu'a une temperature limite invariante t#o. Au-dela de t#o, le liquide sous refroidi est defini par un ordre local caracteristique d'un effet de dilatation et d'un ordre semi-local caracteristique de l'existence des fluctuations de concentration et de densite, sensible a la creation de germes stables. L'etude par diffraction et diffusion centrale de neutrons de la branche glace du diagramme de phases (r=6) permet d'analyser la precipitation de l'eau et la structuration de la glace. Nous montrons que dans le domaine de transition vitreuse, limite par t#o, des etats de non-equilibre sont atteints, caracterises essentiellement par une modification de la structure locale. Cettemodification est attribuee pour r>6, a des etats locaux ou la connectivite des molecules d'eau adjacentes se modifie. En conclusion, nous essayons de definir les conditions qui doivent permettre de maitriser la nucleation a partir d'un systeme hors d'equilibre
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Kotbi, Mohammed. "Etude structurale d'une solution aqueuse de chlorure de lithium LiCl, 6H2O par la méthode de Monte Carlo inverse (RMC)." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10105.
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Le but de ce travail consiste en une modelisation structurale d'un electrolyte aqueux de type licl-6h 2o presentant la propriete de former un verre en passant par l'etat liquide metastable surfondu quand la temperature diminue. Des resultats experimentaux obtenus par la technique de diffusion de neutrons sont disponibles au departement de physique de materiaux. La methode de simulation utilisee dite de monte carlo inverse (rmc) propose un modele tridimensionnel du systeme au niveau atomique. Son interet est de pouvoir etre appliquee sans que les interactions interatomiques et intermoleculaires ne soient specifiees. En revanche, elle s'appuie sur les donnees experimentales disponibles et certains criteres geometriques locaux. Nous avons d'abord realise une simulation rmc sur l'eau pure a temperature ambiante, pour laquelle les trois fonctions de distribution de paire experimentales sont disponibles. En analysant les correlations angulaires dans notre systeme modele, nous avons deduit que le resultat obtenu pour la molecule d'eau a l'aide de rmc est compatible avec le resultat obtenu par une methode numerique independante aussi basee sur les fonctions de distribution de paire atomique experimentales. Cette etude valide notre modelisation de l'eau pure par la rmc. Nous avons ensuite etudie la structure de licl-6h 2o a l'aide de rmc utilisant quatre fonctions de distribution partielles experimentales, nous avons pu realiser des configurations a trois dimensions compatibles avec ces donnees. A l'aide des fonctions de paire calculees, on a pu determiner les nombres de coordination, les distances de correlation et comparer les etats de l'electrolyte aqueux liquide/verre/surfondu par rapport a l'eau pure a la temperature ambiante. Le calcul des coefficients, dans le developpement de la fonction de distribution moleculaire en harmoniques spheriques generalisees, donne des resultats coherents avec ceux obtenus dans l'etude des correlations radiales de l'electrolyte. Ces analyses de correlations angulaires mettent en evidence l'effet des ions pour les correlations a courte distance et l'effet de temperature sur la structure a moyenne distance de l'electrolyte aqueux a l'etat vitreux. En resume la methode rmc permet d'explorer un certain nombre de caracteristiques structurales de notre systeme, notamment au niveau des correlations de paire radiales et des correlations entre molecules. Des artefacts peuvent etre obtenus et pour y remedier nous devons avoir plus de donnees experimentales ou eventuellement un potentiel d'interaction assez realiste comme contrainte supplementaire dans la simulation rmc.
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Carmona, Patrick. "Etude des états métastables et hors d'équilibre des électrolytes aqueux LiCl, RDO et BeCl, RDO par une caractérisation structurale." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612428j.
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Woods, Michael. "Electrochemical Separation of Multivalent Species on a Liquid Bismuth Cathode in LiCl-KCl Eutectic for Used Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6103.
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The presence of group I/II fission products (Cs-137, Sr-90, and Ba-137) within molten salt nuclear processes degrades operational efficiencies by contributing to increased radiation levels in the case of material handling processes or to loss of criticality in the case of a reactor. While methods such as zone freezing and ion exchange have been proven for the separation of these fission products in LiCl-KCl salts, they require extra equipment and processing steps. Addition of a liquid metal electrode to molten salt media, such as the electrorefiner of a pyroprocessing scheme or the salt cleaning stage of a molten salt fast reactor, offers the possibility to selectively extract group I/II fission products with minimal extra equipment. This work has studied the fundamental electrochemical behaviors of Cs, Sr, Ba, and Ce in LiCl-KCl at a liquid Bi cathode and produced values for their mass transport and kinetics properties. These have allowed for an assessment of a Bi cathode for electrochemical separations in a pyrochemical processing scheme.
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Rodrigo, Udaya Indike. "ULTRAFAST PHOTOEXCITATION STUDIES OF CONCENTRATED SOLUTIONS OF ALKALI METAL HALIDES." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1154537086.
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Gabriel, Jean-Christophe. "Chimie et électrochimie du molybdène dans l'eutectique LiCl-KCl fondu à 500oC et préparation d'un nouveau matériau composite métal-céramique." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0019.
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Dans ce travail, nous avons etudie les proprietes chimiques et electrochimiques des electrolytes licl-kcl-k3mocl6 fondus a 500c en vue de la realisation electrochimique d'un revetement composite molybdene-ceramique. Les mesures electrochimiques ne sont reproductibles que dans des solutions stables, obtenues 12 heures apres ajout du solute, k3mocl6, dans l'eutectique licl-kcl. L'oxydation des solutions de k3mocl6 correspond a un echange reversible entre mo(iii) et mo(iv). Leur reduction correspond a un echange irreversible de trois electrons et s'accompagne d'importants problemes de nucleation. Des revetements de molybdene metal ont ete obtenus par cementation des solutions de k3mocl6 par des alliages a base de fer, de nickel et de cobalt. Des couches composites, molybdene-ceramiques, ont ete egalement preparees et caracterisees
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Almeida, Érika Virginia Raphael de. "Valorização da celulose de sisal: uso na preparação de acetatos e de filmes de acetatos de celulose/celulose e quitosana/celulose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75131/tde-05072010-104358/.
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Filmes foram preparados com êxito dissolvendo e misturando quitosana com celulose de sisal no sistema de solvente NaOH/tiouréia. Nenhum solvente residual foi encontrado nos filmes preparados, conforme mostrado por análise elementar (S) e absorção atômica (Na). Os filmes foram caracterizados por técnicas como espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com transformada Fourier, difração de raios-X e análise térmica (TG, DSC e DMTA). A compatibilidade de ambos biopolímeros foi avaliada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, em cujas imagens o filme de biocompósito mostrou uma organização intermediária entre a rede de fibra de celulose e a homogeneidade do filme de quitosana. Interações com água foram estudadas por medida de ângulos de contatos de uma gota d\'água com a superfície do filme, isoterma de absorção de umidade e relaxometria de RMN T2. A análise de ângulo de contato mostrou uma deformação que pode ocorrer na superfície devido a alta afinidade destes materiais com a gota d\'água. O sistema de solvente NaOH/tiouréia levou a despolimerização de ambos biopolímeros, mas sem provocar perda da capacidade de formação de filme dos mesmos. Resultados de índice de cristalinidade sugeriram que as interações entre quitosana e o solvente foram mais intensas do que as interações entre celulose e o solvente. Os resultados de relaxometria de RMN T2 do biocompósitos mostrou que as características da quitosana prevaleceram sobre as da celulose no que se refere as interações com água. Acetatos de celulose de sisal com diferentes graus de substituição foram preparados em meio homogêneo (DMAc/LiCl como sistema de solvente) e caracterizados por RMN 1H (determinação do grau de substituição), cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho (determinação da massa molar média) e análise térmica (TG e DSC). Filmes deste acetato de celulose de sisal com diferentes graus de substituição, com e sem reforço de celulose de sisal, foram preparados com êxito a partir de soluções de DMAc/LiCl. Nenhum solvente residual foi encontrado nos filmes preparados, conforme evidenciado por análise elementar (Na) e absorção atômica (Li). Na caracterização dos filmes, foram utilizadas técnicas de análise térmica (DSC, TG e DMTA) e ensaio de tração que mostraram que os filmes de acetatos de celulose mais substituídos apresentam decomposição térmica em temperaturas mais elevada e são menos resistentes a tração que os filmes de acetatos de celulose menos substituídos. A partir da análise de isoterma de absorção de umidade, foi possível constatar que os filmes de acetatos de celulose mais substituídos são consideravelmente menos higroscópicos que os filmes de acetatos de celulose menos substituídos. As imagens de microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostraram que os filmes de acetato com diferentes graus de substituição apresentam morfologia distinta. Tanto a associação de celulose de sisal com quitosana quanto com acetato de celulose, obtido de celulose de sisal, mostrou melhoras nas propriedades dos filmes, gerando um interesse em novas pesquisas e aplicações destes materiais.Films were successfully prepared by dissolving and mixing chitosan and sisal cellulose in NaOH/thiourea solvent system. No residual solvent was found in the prepared films, as shown by elemental analysis (S) and atomic absorption (NA). They were characterized by conventional techniques such as Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and thermal analysis (DSC, TG, DMTA). The compatibility of both biopolymers was evaluated by scanning electron microscopic, in which the biocomposite film showed an organization interposed between the cellulose fiber mesh and chitosan films homogeneity. Water interactions were studied by measuring contact angles, humidity absorption isotherms and NMR T2 relaxometry. Contact angle analysis pointed out the deformation that can occur at the surface due to the high affinity of these materials with the drop of water. The solvent system, NaOH/thiourea, led to depolymerization of both biopolymers, without causing loss of film forming capacities. Results about crystalline-properties index suggested that the interactions between chitosan and solvent were more intense than the interactions between cellulose and solvent. The behavior of the T2 NMR relaxometry of biocomposites showed more evident interaction between chitosan and water compared to cellulose-water interaction. Sisal cellulose acetates with different degrees of substitution (DS) were prepared in homogeneous environment (DMAc/LiCl as solvent) and characterized by NMR 1H (determining the degree of substitution), size exclusion chromatography (determination of molar mass average) and thermal analysis (TG and DSC). Sisal cellulose acetate films of varying degrees of substitution (DS), were successfully prepared using DMAc/LiCl as solvent system, with and without sisal cellulose strengthening. No residual solvent was found in the prepared films, as verified by elemental analysis (Na) and atomic absorption (Li). The characterization of the films were carried out by thermal analysis techniques (DSC, TG and DMTA) and traction test which showed that the cellulose acetate films with bigger DS present thermal decomposition at higher temperatures and are less resistant to traction than cellulose acetate films with smaller DS. From humidity absorption analysis, it was found that the cellulose acetate films with higher DS are considerably less hygroscopic than cellulose acetate films with lower DS. From scanning electron microscopic analysis it was possible to evaluate that acetate films with different DS have distinct morphology. Sisal cellulose association with both chitosan and cellulose acetate obtained from sisal cellulose, showed improvements in the properties of films, generating an interest in new research and applications of these materials.
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Zaborski, Julian Joachim Otto Ernst [Verfasser], and Rupert [Akademischer Betreuer] Handgretinger. "Kombination von LiCl mit Hedgehog-Inhibitoren als neuer Ansatz für die Rhabdomyosarkom Therapie / Julian Joachim Otto Ernst Zaborski ; Betreuer: Rupert Handgretinger." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190639556/34.
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Santucci, Silvia. "Propriétés dynamiques de l'eau et de la solution LiCl-6H2O, éetudiées par diffusion inélastique du rayonnement synchrotron et de la lumière visible." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00526125.
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Le diagramme des phases stables et métastables de l'eau reste une énigme depuis des décennies. De nombreuses interprétations ont été proposées pour expliquer les divergences apparentes de certaines propriétés thermodynamiques et de transport, de l'eau surfondue. Mais une description unifiée manque encore, essentiellement parce que la température où apparaissent diverger ces propriétés est située en dessous de la température limite de cristallisation, dans une région, qualifiée de no-man's land, entre l'eau surfondue et la glace amorphe. Nous avons, pour la première fois, mesuré les propriétés dynamiques de l'eau liquide et surfondue par diffusion inélastique du rayonnement synchrotron ultraviolet et par diffusion de lumière visible. En analysant les spectres obtenus à l'aide d'un formalisme de fonction mémoire, nous avons trouvé un bon accord avec les simulations de dynamique moléculaire et avec la théorie du couplage de modes, qui attribue une origine dynamique aux singularités observées dans le no-man's land de l'eau. Nous avons aussi mesuré la dynamique de la solution LiCl-6H2O par diffusion inélastique de la lumière visible et du rayonnement synchrotron dans la gamme des ultraviolets et des rayons X. Cette investigation est un premier pas dans le no man's land de l'eau par parce que la dilution progressive de solutions aqueuses constitue une méthode indirecte pour obtenir des informations sur l'eau pure en dessous de la température de nucléation homogène des cristaux. Nous avons observé au cours du refroidissement de la solution, une relaxation, qui possède des caractéristiques similaires à celles de la relaxation structurale de l'eau pure, mais qui se divise en une relaxation structurale et une relaxation secondaire, autour de la température où les propriétés de l'eau pure semblent diverger. Selon des expériences et des théories récentes et sur la dynamique et le diagramme de phase de l'eau et des solutions ioniques diluées à basse température et à pression élevée, laséparation des dynamiques que nous observons pourrait éventuellement être reliée au début d'une hypothétique transition de phase liquide-liquide qui apparaît à des pressions beaucoup plus élevées que celles étudiées. D'autres investigations en fonction de la pression, et à des concentrations en sel plus faibles, sont souhaitables pour clarifier ces coïncidences fascinantes.
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Rakhshan, Pouri Samaneh. "COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF DIFFUSION MODELS AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL INTELLIGENCE ON ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS OF U AND Zr DISSOLUTIONS IN LiCl-KCl EUTECTIC SALTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5026.
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The electrorefiner (ER) is the heart of pyroprocessing technology operating at a high-temperature (723 K – 773 K) to separate uranium from Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) used metallic fuel. One of the most common electroanalytical methods for determining the thermodynamic and electrochemical behavior of elemental species in the eutectic molten salt LiCl-KCl inside ER is cyclic voltammetry (CV). Information from CV can possibly be used to estimate diffusion coefficients, apparent standard potentials, transfer coefficients, and numbers of electron transferred. Therefore, predicting the trace of each species from the CV method in an absence of experimental data is important for safeguarding this technology. This work focused on the development an interactive computational design for the CV method by analyzing available uranium chloride data sets (1 to 10 wt%) in a LiCl-KCl molten salt at 773 K under different scan rates to help elucidating, improving, and providing robustness in detection analysis. A principle method and a computational code have been developed by using electrochemical fundamentals and coupling various variables such as: the diffusion coefficients, formal potentials, and process time duration. Although this developed computational model works moderately well with reported uranium data sets, it experiences difficulty in tracing zirconium data sets due to their complex CV structures. Therefore, an artificial neural intelligent (ANI) data analysis has been proposed to resolve this issue and to provide comparative study to the precursor computational modeling development. For this purpose, ANI has been applied on 0.5 to 5 wt% of zirconium chloride in LiCl-KCl eutectic molten salt at 773 K under different scan rates to mimic the system and provide current and potential simulated data sets for the unseen data. In addition, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) through the commercial software Matlab was created to provide a controllable environment for different users. The computational code shows a limitation in high concentration CV prediction, capturing the adsorption peaks, and provides a dissimilarity. However, the model is able to capture the important anodic and cathodic peaks of uranium chloride CV which is the main focus of this study. Furthermore, the developed code is able to calculate the concentration of each species as a function of time. Due to the complexity of the CV of zirconium chloride, the computational model is used to predict the probability reactions occurring at each peak. The resulting study reveals that the reaction at the highest anodic peak is related to the combination of 70% Zr/Zr+4 and 30% Zr/Zr+2 for the 1.07 wt% and 2.49 wt% zirconium chloride and 30% Zr/Zr+4 and 70% Zr/Zr+2 combination for 4.98 wt% ZrCl4. The proposed alternative ANI method has demonstrated its capability in predicting the trend of species in a new situation with a high accuracy on predictions without any dissimilarity. Two final structures from zirconium chloride study which high accuracy (that is, a low error) are related to [9, 15, 10]-18 and [10, 11, 25]-19. These two final structures have been applied on uranium chloride salt experimental data sets to further validate the ANI’s ability and concept. Three different fixed data combinations were considered. The result indicates that by increasing the number of training data sets it does not necessarily help improving the prediction process. ANI implementation outcome on uranium chloride data set illustrates a good prediction with a specific fixed data combination and [9, 15, 10]-18 structure. Thus, it can be concluded that ANI is a promising method for safeguarding pyroprocessing technology due to its robustness in predicting the CV plots with high accuracy.
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周士明 and Shi-ming Chau. "Investigation of the electrochemical, spectroscopic and physical properties of the low melting 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride /alcl3 / licl system for lithium battery application." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31232991.
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Prével, Brigitte. "Relations entre les propriétés dynamiques et la description structurale déterminées par diffusion neutronique, dans l'électrolyte aqueux LiCl, R H2O apte à former un verre." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10186.
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Le mecanisme de transition vitreuse est un phenomene important et non encore resolu. Pour son etude, un systeme particulier a ete choisi: l'electrolyte aqueux licl, r h#2o (ou r est le nombre de moles d'eau par mole de sel). Les domaines de phases metastables et de phases stables de ce melange d'eau et de sel ou l'on observe une competition entre liaison polaire et liaison ionique sont maintenant bien connus. Il existe en particulier deux domaines de concentration pour lesquels il ne se produit aucune cristallisation lors de la remontee en temperature a partir du verre obtenu par trempe: r=6 et r=4. Ces deux compositions sont donc tout a fait adaptees a l'etude de la transition vitreuse puisqu'elles permettent de suivre les comportements dans les etats vitreux, liquide metastable et liquide. Nous nous proposons donc d'utiliser ces deux concentrations pour essayer de determiner les raisons qui permettent la vitrification de ces systemes par etude de la structure, la relaxation structurale et la dynamique vibrationnelle. La relaxation structurale est analysee en lois d'echelle mettant en evidence un changement de regime a la temperature de passage du liquide metastable au liquide (correspondant a la temperature de fusion du pentahydrate). Les temperatures critiques determinees correspondent a des temperatures caracteristiques des etats thermodynamiques. L'etude de la dynamique vibrationnelle permet de mettre en evidence des frequences caracteristiques de vibrations inter et intramoleculaires ne presentant aucune variation entre le verre et le liquide metastable: elles sont discutees par rapport a celles du solvant pur. Un changement important de structure se produit non pas au voisinage de la temperature de transition vitreuse mais lors du passage du liquide au liquide surfondu. Dans tous les cas la structure intramoleculaire du solvant est inchangee dans le melange. L'organisation tetrahedrique des atomes d'oxygenes et le reseau de liaisons hydrogene presents dans l'eau a temperature ambiante, ont tendance a se reformer dans le verre d'electrolyte et le liquide surfondu. L'influence de la concentration en sel est etudiee
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Court-Castagnet, Régine. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence du dopage homogène et hétérogène sur les propriétés de transport ionique des halogénures de lithium LiCl, LiBr et LiI." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10505.
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Court-Castagnet, Régine. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence du dopage homogène et hétérogène sur les propriétés de transport ionique des halogénures de lithium LiCl, LiBr et LiI." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612799w.
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Chau, Shi-ming. "Investigation of the electrochemical, spectroscopic and physical properties of the low melting 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride / alcl3 / licl system for lithium battery application /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13880949.
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Peterson, Craig J. "A New Model for Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions Near the Critical Point of Water Incorporating Aqueous Reaction Equilibria." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2782.pdf.
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HEBANT, PASCAL. "Caracterisation structurale de melanges fondus a base d'halogenures de lithium et de l'interface lithium liquide/eutectique licl-kcl fondu. Application a la separation des isotopes du lithium." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066189.
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Ce travail consiste en l'etude de systemes mettant en jeu une phase lithium liquide en contact avec une phase melange d'halogenure d'alcalin en vue d'effectuer la separation des isotopes du lithium. Grace a l'utilisation des techniques de modelisation moleculaire, nous avons etudie la solvatation du lithium dans les milieux de type (li, m)cl et (li, k)x ou m=li, na, k ou rb et x=f, cl, br ou i. Cela nous permet de montrer la formation de l'anion lix#2#- et l'influence de la composition du melange et de la temperature sur sa presence. Nous avons confirme le modele de dissociation etabli par l'etude de la variation de l'ecart a l'idealite des conductivites electriques et par des experiences de rmn a haute temperature. Dans un deuxieme temps, apres avoir mis en evidence le caractere monoatomique du lithium liquide, nous avons etudie les composes susceptibles de se former a l'interface li liquide/licl-kcl eutectique. Les resultats montrent la formation du soushalogenure li#2cl. Une etude electroanalytique a confirme la formation de cette molecule et a elucide le role des ions oxyde residuels
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ZING, CHRISTOPHE. "Etude cinetique des reactions chimiques et electrochimiques mises en jeu lors de la reduction du neodyme(iii) en neodyme(0) dans l'eutectique (licl+kcl) fondu a 450c." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066726.
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L'objet de ce travail etait de caracteriser d'un point de vue cinetique les divers processus intervenant a la cathode lors de l'obtention du neodyme metal par electrolyse de solutions de chlorure de neodyme(iii) dans l'eutectique (licl-kcl) fondu a 450c. Nous avons confirme que le neodyme metal etait corrode par le neodyme(iii) avec formation de neodyme au degre d'oxydation(ii). La corrosion est fortement reduite en presence d'ions fluorure. Les cinetiques de corrosion en presence ou non de fluorures ont ete etablies et caracterisees par la determination des constantes cinetiques des reactions limitantes. De plus, nous avons mis en evidence la precipitation de fluorure de lithium et de certains halogenures de neodyme(ii) au cours de la corrosion. L'etude par spectroscopie d'impedance electrochimique du mecanisme de reduction du neodyme(iii) sur cathode de tungstene a revele l'existence d'une etape interfaciale supplementaire que nous avons attribuee a l'adsorption du neodyme(ii). Les grandeurs caracteristiques des differentes etapes du mecanisme ont alors ete estimees (transfert de matiere, transferts de charge et adsorption). Les processus d'electrocristallisation qui interviennent aux fortes surtensions de reduction ont ete determines et quantifies. Ainsi, le depot de neodyme pur sur cathode de tungstene est limite par la vitesse d'incorporation a des centres de croissance tri-dimensionnels. Aux tres fortes surtensions, les depots de lithium et de neodyme se font simultanement mais la formation des alliages nd-li est limitee par la vitesse d'interdiffusion metallique
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Neufeld, Roman. "DOSY External Calibration Curve Molecular Weight Determination as a Valuable Methodology in Characterizing Reactive Intermediates in Solution." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-8713-A.
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Jaskierowicz, Sebastien. "Extraction des actinides et des lanthanides du combustible du réacteur rapide à sels fondus." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770155.
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Le procédé de traitement du combustible du réacteur à sels fondus (réacteur de génération IV) est un procédé multi-étape dans lequell'extraction des actinides et des lanthanides utilise la technique d'extraction réductrice. Le développement d'un modèle analytique a montré que la mise en contact du sel combustible LiF-ThF4 avec une phase métallique constituée d'un mélange Bi-Li permet l'extraction sélective et quantitative des actinides dans un premier temps, puis l'extraction quantitative des lanthanides dans un second temps. La maitrise de ce procédé nécessite la connaissance des caractéristiques des phases salines impliquées dans le procédé. Les études des propriétés physico-chimiques des sels fluorures fondus ont permis de développer une technique de mesure de la fluoroacidité dans ces milieux via une mesure potentiométrique. Cette technique a permis d'établir un classement de différents mélanges de fluorures fondus en fonction de leur acidité relative. Par ailleurs, une méthode de détermination de la solvatation de solutés dans ces milieux a également été développée par électrochimie afin d'approfondir la connaissance du sel combustible (en particulier solvatation de ThF4 par les ions F-).L'extraction réductrice met également en jeu une phase métallique liquide. Une technique de préparation de cette phase a été développée par électro-réduction de lithium sur une électrode liquide de bismuth en milieu LiCl-LiF. Cette technique permet un bon contrôle de la fraction molaire de lithium introduite dans le bismuth, paramètre essentiel à l'efficacité de l'extraction.Enfin, afin d'optimiser le procédé général de traitement multi-étapes, des méthodes électrochimiques ont été proposées afin de régénérer les différentes phases liquides (salines et métalliques) mise en jeu lors de l'extraction.
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García, Vogel Andrés. "Production of regenerated nanocomposite fibers based on cellulose and their use in all-cellulose composites." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65897.
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Biobased all-cellulose composites (ACCs), in which the matrix and the reinforcement are made out of the same material, have gained a noticeable increased attention in recent years. Their successful application would solve the commonly faced challenges with natural fiber composites regarding their chemical antipathy between the hydrophilic fiber and the usually hydrophobic polymer matrix, while still keeping the advantages of being environmental friendly. Moreover, the use of man-made continuous regenerated cellulose fibers for this purpose could result in unidirectional all-cellulose composites with excellent mechanical properties. In this study, a new processing technique for unidirectional all-cellulose composites, reinforced with continuous regenerated cellulose nanocomposite fibers, has been developed, where the fibers are wound directly after the coagulation bath and then welded together while still being swelled in order to form all-cellulose composite sheets without the need of adding any additional solvent or chemicals. Scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing were used to investigate and compare the microstructure and mechanical properties, of a reference material without nanoreinforced fibers and two variants reinforced with 2 % cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and 2 % halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Analysis revealed that transparent all-cellulose composites with a high compaction degree and minimal warpage during shrinkage, showing high mechanical properties could be made. However, the addition of nanoreinforcements did not lead to any improvements.
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Amaral, Neto Raimundo Pereira do. "A atividade e?lica e o desenvolvimento regional: perspectivas na forma??o do p?lo e?lico no Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14078.
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Previous issue date: 2012-06-01Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The object of this study involves the eolian energy and the scenario the training of wind pole in Rio Grande do Norte. The aim is to investigate how far the implementation of the potiguar eolian pole may represent a regional development policy with real change in the structure of the traditional local productive base. About the interaction between the public and private to development of the local eolian activity, the hypothesis is that there is no coordination between the sectors responsible for eolian activity in the state. The theoretical approach follows the developmental current and theory of growth poles, and methodology adopted is a search of exploratory and documentary, with analysis of relevant documents on the subject. As a result of the study it was found that owing to the fragility of the productive structure potiguar and imbalances produced by the concentration of capital in the Northeast, the eolian activity in the state, needs a greater state-owned intervention to ensure a basis of development based on the study and strengthening local productive chain
O objeto do presente estudo envolve a energia e?lica e o cen?rio da forma??o do p?lo e?lico no Rio Grande do Norte. O objetivo ? investigar at? onde a implanta??o do p?lo e?lico potiguar pode representar uma pol?tica de desenvolvimento regional com real mudan?a na estrutura da tradicional base produtiva local. Acerca da intera??o entre o p?blico e o privado para o desenvolvimento da atividade e?lica local, a hip?tese ? a de que n?o h? articula??o entre os setores respons?veis pela atividade e?lica do estado. O referencial te?rico adotado segue a ?gide desenvolvimentista e a teoria dos p?los de crescimento, e a metodologia adotada ? uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica de cunho explorat?rio e documental, com an?lise de documentos pertinentes sobre o tema. Como resultado do estudo verificou-se que em virtude da fragilidade da estrutura produtiva potiguar e dos desequil?brios apresentados pela concentra??o de capital no Nordeste, a atividade e?lica no estado carece de uma maior interven??o estatal no sentido de assegurar uma base de desenvolvimento pautada no estudo e fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva local
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Doyle, Lesley Hope. "Salt Lick Prayer." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1217.
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Salt Lick Prayer is a collection of poems divided into three parts. The first section includes poems that address the author's childhood years, and focus on themes of family, nature, and religion. The second section focuses on poems that explore the life of the author's great, great grandfather, and the third section deals with the author's great grandmother and grandparents.