Journal articles on the topic 'Lichen transplant'
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1
Gordon, Catriona A., Rafael Herrera, and Tom C. Hutchinson. "The use of a common epiphytic lichen as a bioindicator of atmospheric inputs to two Venezuelan cloud forests." Journal of Tropical Ecology 11, no. 1 (February 1995): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740000835x.
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ABSTRACTThe chemistry of epiphytic lichens was determined in two Venezuelan cloud forests adjacent to the Caracas Valley at Altos de Pipe and El Avila National Park. This is the second component of a two-part study examining the chemistry of fogs and their effects on sensitive biota in these forests. The widespread lichen Parmotrema madagascariaceum was chosen as an indicator of trace metal input. Background lichen collections and transplant experiments were carried out to evaluate spatial trends in atmospheric depositon of trace metals at different altitudes and exposures of the two montane locations. Elevated concentratons of metals including Pb and Zn were seen in lichen tissue and associated bark. Lead levels in lichens reached 190 μg g-1 dry wt. Lichens transplanted from relatively ‘clean’ to more polluted sites showed significant increases of metals, particularly Pb. Increases of up to 6.3 μg Pb g-1 mo-1 after 6 and 10 months were recorded relative to background and in situ lichen material. In contrast, when lichsens were reciprocally transplanted in nylon net bags from less to more exposed sites there was a significant decrease in Pb and Zn concentrations after 6 and 10 months. With long-term exposure to elevated concentrations of these trace metals epiphytic lichens, as well as other sensitive cloud forest biota, may be at risk of decline.
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CALDIZ, Mayra S. "Seasonal growth pattern in the lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia." Lichenologist 36, no. 6 (November 2004): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282904014422.
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Seasonal growth increments (%) were measured in the foliose epiphytic lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia. Growth was determined by measuring increase in weight (expressed as percentage of the original biomass) in transplanted thalli. Transplants were either hung freely from wooden frames or attached to tree trunks in a Nothofagus dombeyi forest and then weighed every three months between January 2001 and April 2003. The influence on growth increment of treatment, donor thallus, temperature, and absolute and relative humidity was analysed. Mean annual growth increment after two years, in both treatments was 12±1·07% (±SE). Growth increment was greatest in winter and lowest in summer; the mean winter growth increment was 6±0·50%, representing half of the annual growth, whereas most of the remaining growth occurred during both spring and autumn. Growth increments were similar for freely-hanging lichens and for the transplants attached to tree trunks. Individual trees had no consistent effect on growth while the donor thallus had a significant effect in the first season which then diminished, indicating acclimation in the transplants. Initial transplant weight had no influence on final cumulative growth, nor was there any consistent correlation between one season and another in the growth of transplants. Both transplantation methods proved to be useful for experiments on the growth of P. berberina.
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Abas, Azlan, Kadaruddin Aiyub, and Azahan Awang. "Biomonitoring Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) Using Lichen Transplant Usnea misaminensis: A Case Study from Malaysia." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 7254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127254.
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Urban air pollution has been a major concern due to its impact on global public health. Various techniques for monitoring urban air quality have been developed. However, there is currently a dearth of research on how effective bioaccumulators such as lichen are at monitoring urban air pollution. As a result, the purpose of this research is to investigate the use of U. misaminensis as a biological indicator for biomonitoring urban air quality in Malaysia. Three months were spent exposing lichen samples in three Malaysian cities (Kuala Lumpur, Penang, and Johor Bahru). The trace element content and vitality of the lichens were assessed. The results of this study revealed that U. misaminensis is an effective biological indicator for measuring 25 elements of air pollutants in metropolitan areas. They also revealed that all 25 elements accumulated in the urban area sample were greater than in the control sample. The vitality rate of lichens dropped in the urban area sample when compared with the control sample, indicating that an increase in elements in the air will impact the vitality rate of any biological component. In this study, two arguments are made: (a) Lichen is an excellent biological indicator, particularly for urban air pollutants such as potentially toxic elements; and (b) traffic is the primary contributor to urban air pollution; hence, the local government requires a better plan and design for urban areas to decrease air pollutants build-up.
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McCune, B., C. C. Derr, P. S. Muir, A. Shirazi, S. C. Sillett, and W. J. Daly. "Lichen Pendants for Transplant and Growth Experiments." Lichenologist 28, no. 02 (March 1996): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282996000217.
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McCune, B., C. C. Derr, P. S. Muir, A. Shirazi, S. C. Sillett, and W. J. Daly. "Lichen Pendants for Transplant and Growth Experiments." Lichenologist 28, no. 2 (March 1996): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1996.0014.
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AbstractLichens were cultured by attaching a thallus fragment to a nylon monofilament loop with silicone sealer. Two effective methods for adjusting lichen mass to a standard moisture content were developed (the ‘reference-sample’ and ‘sacrificial’ methods). These corrections for moisture content allow detection of very small changes in dry mass without having to oven dry (and kill) all transplants. Average annual biomass growth rates for non-fragmenting species were typically between 5 and 30%. Annual biomass growth rates of healthy, vigorous individuals, as indicated by the 75th percentile, were mostly between 10 and 40%. Alectoria sarmentosa was prone to fragmentation despite the maintenance of healthy thalli. The other species can be ranked by biomass growth rates as follows: Evernia prunastri> Lobaria pulmonaria=Usnea longissima> Pseudocyphellaria rainierensis=Lobaria oregano.
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Batty, K., J. W. Bates, and J. NB Bell. "A transplant experiment on the factors preventing lichen colonization of oak bark in southeast England under declining SO2 pollution." Canadian Journal of Botany 81, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-039.
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To investigate the factors responsible for limited lichen recolonization on oak with declining SO2 concentrations, Parmelia caperata (L.) Ach. and Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. were transplanted to five stations along a transect running from central London (U.K.) into the surrounding countryside. Healthy thalli were transplanted onto young and mature Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) and Betula pendula Roth (silver birch), and some were moved with their original bark attached to investigate the importance of bark acidification. Relative growth rates and visible injury were monitored over 2 years, along with concentrations of atmospheric SO2 and NO2, measured using diffusion tube samplers and bark chemistry. SO2 concentrations were low in central London in comparison with the situation in previous decades, but they remain sufficiently high to harm the most sensitive lichens. NO2 concentrations increased sharply on approaching London, and levels were higher in winter than in summer. Bark pH was lower in mature oak than in birch or young oak at the two innermost stations, and levels of bark Mg also declined in London. Transplants of P. caperata survived on birch and young oak at all transect stations except Hyde Park, whereas P. saxatilis failed to grow over a wider range of the transect stations. We conclude that modest SO2 levels, interacting with low bark pH, still inhibit recolonization of oaks by P. caperata in central London. Parmelia saxatilis, in addition, appears to be limited by another factor such as the high NO2 concentrations that now characterize urban and suburban London, rather than through an inherently poor dispersal potential.Key words: atmospheric pollution, bark acidification, epiphytic lichens, NO2, recolonization, SO2.
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Rapai, Sean B., Duncan McColl, and Richard Troy McMullin. "Examining the role of terrestrial lichen transplants in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat." Forestry Chronicle 93, no. 03 (October 2017): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2017-029.
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The development of habitat restoration techniques for restoring critical woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) winter habitat will play an important role in meeting the management thresholds in woodland caribou recovery plans. The goal is to restore disturbed environments within critical winter habitat for the declining woodland caribou. Woodland caribou are diet specialists, utilizing lichen-rich habitat for forage during winter months. Cladonia sub-genus Cladina is the most frequently eaten species during this time. Herein, we provide: 1) A review of previously used methods for transplanting Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and their feasibility in restoring woodland caribou winter habitat; 2) A stepby- step protocol on how to carry out a terrestrial lichen transplant program (using Cladonia sub-genus Cladina and C. uncialis); and, 3) An evaluation of our protocol through the establishment of a case study in northern British Columbia. Our results indicate that transplanting C. sub-genus Cladina fragments is the most efficient technique for transplanting terrestrial lichen communities, but transplanting lichen ‘patches’ or ‘mats’ may also be effective.
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Barone, Hope, Ross Brockman, Luke Johnson, Amira Al‐Uzri, Mary Wright, Stephanie Mengden‐Koon, and Tracy Funk. "Trichodysplasia spinulosa mimicking lichen nitidus in a renal transplant patient." Pediatric Transplantation 23, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): e13394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/petr.13394.
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Pasquinelli, Paolo. "Lichen Transplantation on Polyporales Fungi. An Attempt to Verify the Compatibility after Translocation from a Hill Forest to Anthropized City Parks at Livorno (Tuscany, Italy)." Archives of Agriculture Research and Technology (AART) 4, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.54026/aart/1044.
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The transplantation of genus Cladonia terricolous lichens on Polyporales parasitic xylophagous fungi was attempted. Three species of Cladonia (C. pyxidata, C. rangiformis, C. foliacea) have been moved (translocated) from Livorno hill woods (Tuscany, Italy) to some public Livorno parks which suffer by an excessive anthropization. After a short period (a week) of adaptation to the new environment we transplanted thirteen specimens of Cladonia lichens on four different species of Polyporales fungi (Fomitopis betulina, Phellinus torulosus, Stereum hirsutum and Ganoderma applanatum) identified on the trees of the parks. The transplants obtained good engraftment and every periodic qualitative control showed a persistent photosynthetic activity even eight months after the start. Only one transplant (on Ganoderma applanatum) failed due by the toxicity of a secretion after incision. These observations lead us to consider those experiments as a demonstration of the compatibility of the implied tissues on transplantation and also allow us to introduce the difference of the term transplantation (the insert of an organism to another) from the often-confused translocation (relocation of an organism in different habitat). Future checks will indicate how and for how long this artificial association complex might persist.
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Rambo, Thomas R. "Habitat preferences of an arboreal forage lichen in a Sierra Nevada old-growth mixed-conifer forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 6 (June 2010): 1034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-058.
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The arboreal forage lichen Bryoria fremontii (Tuck.) Brodo & D.Hawksw. appears sensitive to conditions of prolonged hydration in wet forests of British Columbia. I estimated the abundance of this lichen in mixed-conifer forest canopy in the contrasting Mediterranean climate of the southern Sierra Nevada in relationship to the vertical gradient of vapor pressure deficit. Abundance was estimated by biomass in 5 m strata from the ground to the tops of 50 trees. Transplants of Bryoria thalli were installed in 18 fir trees for 1 year to assess their growth relative to distance from perennial streams. VPD generally increased with height, being significantly greater at 45 m than 5 m. Bryoria biomass averaged across tree heights was estimated as 15.9, 0.60, 0.15, 0.25, and 0.19 g·m–1 in red fir (Abies magnifica A.Murray), white fir (Abies concolor (Gordon & Glend.) Hildebr. var. lowiana (Gordon) Lemmon), incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Balf.), and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Douglas), respectively. Transplant growth was significantly greater in trees <25 m from water (11.4%) than in trees >25 m from water (9.7%). Bryoria had strong positive associations with red fir, proximity to streams, and decreasing VPD. The sensitivity of Bryoria to prolonged hydration does not appear to be important in this climate characterized by extended summer dryness.
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Benedict, James B. "Lichen Mortality Due to Late-Lying Snow: Results of a Transplant Study." Arctic and Alpine Research 22, no. 1 (February 1990): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1551722.
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Cecconi, Elva, Lorenzo Fortuna, Renato Benesperi, Elisabetta Bianchi, Giorgio Brunialti, Tania Contardo, Luca Di Nuzzo, et al. "New Interpretative Scales for Lichen Bioaccumulation Data: The Italian Proposal." Atmosphere 10, no. 3 (March 13, 2019): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030136.
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The interpretation of lichen bioaccumulation data is of paramount importance in environmental forensics and decision-making processes. By implementing basic ideas underlying previous interpretative scales, new dimensionless, species-independent “bioaccumulation scales” for native and transplanted lichens are proposed. Methodologically consistent element concentration datasets were populated with data from biomonitoring studies relying on native and transplanted lichens. The scale for native lichens was built up by analyzing the distribution of ratios between element concentration data and species-specific background concentration references (B ratios), herein provided for Flavoparmelia caperata and Xanthoria parietina (foliose lichens). The scale for transplants was built up by analyzing the distribution of ratios between element concentration in exposed and unexposed samples (EU ratio) of Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea (fruticose lichens). Both scales consist of five percentile-based classes; namely, “Absence of”, “Low”, “Moderate”, “High”, and “Severe” bioaccumulation. A comparative analysis of extant interpretative tools showed that previous ones for native lichens suffered from the obsolescence of source data, whereas the previous expert-assessed scale for transplants failed in describing noticeable element concentration variations. The new scales, based on the concept that pollution can be quantified by dimensionless ratios between experimental and benchmark values, overcome most critical points affecting the previous scales.
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Bajpai, Rajesh, A. K. Pandey, F. Deeba, D. K. Upreti, S. Nayaka, and V. Pandey. "Physiological effects of arsenate on transplant thalli of the lichen Pyxine cocoes (Sw.) Nyl." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 19, no. 5 (October 8, 2011): 1494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-011-0628-8.
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Arb, C. von, and C. Brunold. "Lichen physiology and air pollution. I. Physiological responses of in situ Parmelia sulcata among air pollution zones within Biel, Switzerland." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-006.
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Parmelia sulcata, a rather pollution resistant lichen species, was collected at 13 locations with different levels of air pollution from its natural habitat in the city and the suburbs of Biel, Switzerland, The growth rate, net and gross photosynthesis, release of C-assimilates, dark respiration, and protein and chlorophyll content were determined. Growth rates differed maximally by a factor of 7 with the lowest rates at fee central and most polluted locations of the city. The chlorophyll content was highest in the center and maximally four times lower at the suburban locations. The protein content, dark respiration, and net and gross photosynthesis did not differ significantly between the 13 locations when based on the dry weight, but the percentage of C-assimilates released by the algal cells was up to 15 times lower in the center. These results are different from previous reports where the transplant technique had been used, indicating that the long term effects of air pollution on the lichen metabolism under natural conditions are not the same. Key words: photosynthesis, C assimilation, growth, chlorophyll, dark respiration.
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LACKOVIČOVÁ, Anna, Anna GUTTOVÁ, Martin BAČKOR, Peter PIŠÚT, and Ivan PIŠÚT. "Response of Evernia prunastri to urban environmental conditions in Central Europe after the decrease of air pollution." Lichenologist 45, no. 1 (January 2013): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002428291200062x.
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AbstractThe epiphytic lichen Evernia prunastri is sensitive to air pollution and reacted by total retreat to the worsening of air quality during the peak of SO2 pollution in Central Europe (1950s–1990). Since 1990, after a significant decrease in air pollution, epiphytic lichens recolonized previously polluted areas, including E. prunastri. We investigated the physiological status of E. prunastri, transplanted for six months in 34 sites in the urban area of Bratislava (Slovakia) under current conditions. The content of chlorophylls, cortical and medullar secondary metabolites and soluble proteins were explored. We then examined the relationship of these parameters with the environmental quality status, reflected by the diversity of epiphytic lichens. The results showed that the physiological status of E. prunastri did not change significantly after exposure. Positive correlations were found between lichen diversity in the sampling sites and physiological parameters (photosynthetic pigments and phaeophytinization quotient) in the transplants. Transplants from sampling sites with a greater proportion of nitrophilous lichens displayed a decrease in photosynthetic pigments. Sites where E. prunastri naturally occurred had a lower proportion of nitrophilous species in comparison to sites where E. prunastri was not present. This suggests that the indicator species E. prunastri may also recolonize sites with low eutrophication in urban environments under decreased air pollution, and the information on its presence can help to assess the pressure caused by nitrogen excess.
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Limmer, Allison L., Jennifer Krejci-Manwaring, and Bobby L. Limmer. "Case Report of a Successful Hair Transplantation in a Patient with Lichen Planopilaris / Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Due to Incidental Chemotherapy for Breast Carcinoma." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 2, no. 2 (March 9, 2018): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.2.2.8.
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Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and its variant frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a disfiguring alopecia that rarely yields satisfactory hair transplantation results. Grafts may grow initially only to be obliterated by re-activation of the disease within the first few months to years post-transplant. Here, we detail the management of a patient who was diagnosed and treated for breast carcinoma after her diagnosis of LPP/FFA. Two years after completion of chemotherapy, the patient presented with quiescence of her LPP and successfully underwent hair transplantation by follicular unit transplantation method. She has maintained the grafts without re-activation of her scarring alopecia for 7 years – a success we attribute to chemotherapy.
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Hung, Chien-Tzu, Tsen-Fang Tsai, Jin-Shing Chen, and Min-Shu Hsieh. "Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 8 (August 2019): e229163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-229163.
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Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity is a relatively new term to describe the rare paraneoplastic syndrome that complicates thymoma, which can involve the thyroid, liver and intestine in addition to the skin. The pathology often indicates a graft-versus-host-like pattern commonly observed in recipients of an allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant. We report a case of type B2 and B3 thymoma with invasion to the lung and pleura in a patient who presented with oral lichen planus and graft-versus-host-like erythroderma. The cutaneous lesions improved after complete resection of the thymoma in combination with systemic glucocorticoids, which was subsequently complicated by cytomegalovirus pneumonitis.
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Allen, Jessica L. "Testing lichen transplant methods for conservation applications in the southern Appalachian Mountains, North Carolina, U.S.A." Bryologist 120, no. 3 (September 2017): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-120.3.311.
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Odiwe, Anthony I., Adeyemi T. J. Adesanwo, Joshua O. Olowoyo, and Idris O. Raimi. "Assessment of trace metals using lichen transplant from automobile mechanic workshop in Ile-Ife metropolis, Nigeria." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 186, no. 4 (January 16, 2014): 2487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3555-y.
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Alcântara, Andressa Silva, Aline Donati, Maria Victoria Suárez, Ivan José Netto Pereira, Neusa Yuriko Sakai Valente, Nilceo Schwery Michalany, Cristiano Luiz Horta de Lima Jr., and Leticia Arsie Contin. "Histopathological Findings of Uncomplicated Hair Transplant for Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Can Lichen Planopilaris Features Be Present?" Skin Appendage Disorders 6, no. 4 (2020): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000508689.
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Gauslaa, Y., K. Palmqvist, K. A. Solhaug, H. Holien, O. Hilmo, L. Nybakken, L. C. Myhre, and M. Ohlson. "Growth of epiphytic old forest lichens across climatic and successional gradients." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 10 (October 2007): 1832–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-048.
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This paper aims to assess the influence of canopy cover on lichen growth in boreal forests along a regional forest gradient. Biomass and area gain, and some acclimation traits, were assessed in the old-forest lichens Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm., Pseudocyphellaria crocata (L.) Vain., and Usnea longissima Ach. transplanted 110 days in three successional Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest stands (clearcut, young, and old forest) repeated along a rainfall gradient (continental, suboceanic, and Atlantic zones) in Scandinavia. Lichen growth peaked in Atlantic rainforests with mean dry matter (DM) gain up to 36%–38%. The alectorioid lichen U. longissima showed the widest range of growth responses and no signs of chlorophyll degradation. Its highest DM gain consistently occurred in clearcuts, whereas the DM gain was close to zero in the shadiest young forest. The two foliose lichens L. pulmonaria and P. crocata exhibited maximal growth rates in old forests, but apparently growth was limited by low light even in old forests. Their DM gain was reduced in the most sun-exposed clearcuts due to chlorophyll degradation and was relatively high under closed young canopies, suggesting a better adaptation to shade. The lichen responses show that a high frequency and dominance of young and dense fast-growing forest stands at a landscape level are not compatible with large populations of these old-forest lichens and that a lack of lichens under an industrial forestry regime may not necessarily be determined by low dispersal efficiency only.
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Jafarova, Mehriban, Tania Contardo, Julian Aherne, and Stefano Loppi. "Lichen Biomonitoring of Airborne Microplastics in Milan (N Italy)." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121815.
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This study investigated the deposition of airborne microplastics (MPs) in the urban area of Milan across 12 sites and at a background control site (northern Italy) using 3-month transplants of the fruticose lichen species Evernia prunastri (exposed in triplicate). The primary objective was to evaluate the use of lichen transplants for the assessment of MP deposition; as such, the study sites spanned a gradient in vehicular traffic and population density across four concentric land-use zones (i.e., urban parks, centre, semi-periphery, and periphery). A total of 149 MP particles were detected in the exposed lichen samples; 94.6% were classified as fibres and 5.4% as fragments. The control site and urban parks experienced a similar number of MPs per gram of dry lichen (20–26 MP/g), while a higher number of MPs were detected in central and peripheral areas (44–56 MP/g), with a clear increasing gradient from the city centre towards the periphery. We estimated the MP deposition in Milan to be in the range of 43–119 MPs m2/d, indicating that people living in Milan are exposed to airborne MPs, with potential health effects. This study suggests that lichens are suitable biomonitors of airborne MPs under a relatively short exposure of three months in urban environments.
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Marques, A. P., M. C. Freitas, M. A. Reis, H. Th Wolterbeek, T. Verburg, and J. J. M. De Goeij. "Lichen-Transplant Biomonitoring in the Assessment of Dispersion of Atmospheric Trace-Element Pollutants: Effects of Orientation Towards the Wind Direction." Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 49, no. 1-3 (November 2004): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10874-004-1226-7.
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Rolstad, Jørund, and Erlend Rolstad. "Intercalary growth causes geometric length expansion in Methuselah’s beard lichen (Usnea longissima)." Botany 86, no. 10 (October 2008): 1224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-081.
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In sharp contrast to many slow-growing lichens, some epiphytic pendulous and foliose lichens display striking biomass accumulation in favorable habitats. Whereas lichen growth rates have received considerable attention, comparatively few detailed studies of growth patterns have been carried out. Generally, most lichens seem to grow apically, with only pseudomeristomatic tissue confined to lobe margins and branch tips. However, some species appear to retain the capacity to expand throughout the thallus, thereby increasing their growth potential. Such intercalary growth processes have proved difficult to confirm in the field for two- and three-dimensionally growing folious and fruticose forms. Using transplants of the conspicuous, one-dimensionally growing Usnea longissima Ach., we document that intercalary growth actually does occur, with thalli expanding geometrically in length with a doubling time of less than a year under favorable conditions.
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Savant, SandeepS, Kuldeep Saxena, and DeepaliK Saxena. "Successful hair transplant outcome in cicatricial lichen planus of the scalp by combining scalp and beard hair along with platelet rich plasma." Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery 9, no. 1 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2077.178562.
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Bidussi, Massimo, and Yngvar Gauslaa. "Relative growth rates and secondary compounds in epiphytic lichens along canopy height gradients in forest gaps and meadows in inland British Columbia." Botany 93, no. 3 (March 2015): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2014-0214.
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We explore relative growth rates (RGRs) and carbon-based secondary compounds (CBSCs) in epiphytic lichens along height-above-the-ground gradients. The chlorolichen (Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue), the cephalolichen (Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.), and the cyanolichens (Lobaria hallii (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Nephroma helveticum Ach.) were attached to branches at 0.5–3.0 m heights of young spruce trees transplanted for 1 year in forest gaps and in old meadows of an inland valley in British Columbia. Cephalolichen and cyanolichen RGRs were highest in forest gaps, whereas the chlorolichen grew faster in meadows with twice as much light as forest gaps. Transplantation height did not influence lichen temperature or RGRs, despite height-dependent light increases. CBSCs were highest in the chlorolichen (13%), followed by the cephalolichen (5%) and the cyanolichens (1% and 0%). CBSC concentrations increased with thallus size, and were significantly higher in forest gaps mainly for L. pulmonaria. Only one minor CBSC in each species varied with height. The slow growth of cephalolichen and cyanolichens in meadows is consistent with these lichens’ preferences for forested habitats. Cold air ponding from snow-capped mountains was probably strong enough to form enough nocturnal dew to support reasonable lichen growth at all heights. The high species-specific and the low habitat-specific CBSC variations are consistent with constitutive CBSC defense levels in studied lichens.
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Jeran, Z., A. R. Byrne, and F. Batič. "Transplanted Epiphytic Lichens as Biomonitors of Air-Contamination by Natural Radionuclides Around the Žirovski VRH Uranium Mine, Slovenia." Lichenologist 27, no. 5 (September 1995): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1995.0035.
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AbstractSamples of Hypogymnia physodes were transplanted to the environment of the former uranium mine at Žirovski vrh, Slovenia for two exposure experiments. The levels of the long-lived radionuclides, 238U, 226Ra and 210Pb in lichen material were measured after 4 and 7 months in the first experiment, and 4, 8 and 12 months in the second, and compared with the levels in lichens growing in-situ from the same sampling locations. They were also compared with the nuclide levels found in air particulates by gamma spectrometry obtained at the regular site monitoring stations. The results showed that each of the radionuclides had its own distribution pattern in this environment. The highest 226Ra levels were found in lichens in the near vicinity of the dry-tailings pile, while U concentrations were high in the valley of the confluence of the Todraščica and Brebovščica streams close to the former yellow-cake production plant in Todraž, and then decreased downstream. 210Pb was the most uniformly distributed radionuclide and exhibited the highest level. The results also confirm that active biomonitoring with transplanted lichens can be a useful and cheap supplement to instrumental air pollution monitoring.
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Williamson, B. J., O. W. Purvis, I. N. Mikhailova, B. Spiro, and V. Udachin. "The lichen transplant methodology in the source apportionment of metal deposition around a copper smelter in the former mining town of Karabash, Russia." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 141, no. 1-3 (September 18, 2007): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9890-0.
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Gauslaa, Yngvar, Mikael Ohlson, Knut Asbjørn Solhaug, Wolfgang Bilger, and Line Nybakken. "Aspect-dependent high-irradiance damage in two transplanted foliose forest lichens, Lobaria pulmonaria and Parmelia sulcata." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 1639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-098.
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High-irradiance damage in two epiphytic lichens was recorded as reduction in predawn photosystem II quantum yield (Fv /Fm) measured at the end of a night with full hydration. Measurements were repeated during a 29-day transplantation in early summer at defined aspects (north, east, south, west, perpendicular to the sun at noon, and shade) in an open site at 60°N. These treatments included the contrasts that remaining lichens adjacent to clear-cut areas could experience subsequent to logging. The Fv /Fm values declined linearly with the mean irradiance during the previous day, with the old-forest epiphyte Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. being consistently more severely photoinhibited than the ubiquitous Parmelia sulcata Taylor. Both irradiance levels and predawn Fv /Fm values decreased in the following direction: shaded controls > transplants facing north > south, east, west > transplants perpendicular to the sun. Since the transplantation period happened to be very rainy with favorable conditions for recovery, all transplants survived. Nevertheless, photoinhibition was sustained from one day to the other, especially in the old-forest species L. pulmonaria, implying a long-lasting strain, which could affect long-term performance and survival of thalli. The results are discussed in a wider context including confounding effects of irradiance in forests, with implications to facilitate lichen conservation in managed forests.
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JANSSON, K. Ulrika, Kristin PALMQVIST, and Per-Anders ESSEEN. "Growth of the old forest lichen Usnea longissima at forest edges." Lichenologist 41, no. 6 (September 23, 2009): 663–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282909008536.
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AbstractThe lichen Usnea longissima was used to examine how distance from forest edge and edge contrast influence growth of pendulous lichens. Thalli of two sizes (12 and 27 cm) were transplanted to the lower canopy of old Picea abies forest at 5, 25 and 100 m distance from cutovers. Sites represented three levels of edge contrast: high (clear-cut), intermediate (3 m tall saplings) and low (6–7 m tall young forest). Lichen growth was assessed as annual length and weight gain. Growth rates of intact thalli were size-dependent, with both growth variables being higher in long than in short thalli. Distance and edge contrast had significant effects on weight gain in long thalli but not in short ones. Weight gain in long thalli was twice as high near the edge (23%) compared to the forest interior (12%). The highest weight gain (31%) occurred at intermediate contrast edges with lower growth at both low (18%) and high contrast edges (20%). Chlorophyll a concentration was highest near the edge and positively correlated with weight gain, suggesting that growth was stimulated by both increased photosynthetic capacity and higher light availability near the edge. The lower part of the canopy in forest edges apparently have favourable growth conditions for U. longissima with growth being influenced by vegetation on adjoining cutovers. Therefore growth responses cannot explain the previously observed decline of pendulous lichens following edge creation. Our results suggest that vegetation buffers can improve conditions for pendulous lichens near forest edges.
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Fabiszewski, Jerzy, Teresa Brej, and Krzysztof Bielecki. "Plant reactions as indicators of air pollution in the vicinity of a copper smelter." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 56, no. 2 (2014): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1987.033.
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Several higher plant species and epiphytic lichen <em>Hypogymnia physodes</em> (L.) Nyl. were examined in the vicinity of a copper smelter. The investigations included field experiments. Ecological surveys of some biotests and bioreactions using exposure of higher plants and transplanted lichens were critically appraised. Such basic processes of plants as photosynthesis and respiration, as well as the quantitative composition of chlorophyll pigments were used as biotests. The results indicate that the photosynthesis intensity is the most useful measure for the estimation of the effect of both heavy metal and SO<sub>2</sub> pollutants. The degrees of chlorophyll degradation were in keeping with visual symptoms of injuries. For the ecological monitoring the measurement of respiration intensity, especially in lichens is not recommended. All applied biotests are presented in maps illustrating the degree of degradation of the area examined.
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YEMETS, Olena A., Knut Asbjørn SOLHAUG, and Yngvar GAUSLAA. "Spatial dispersal of airborne pollutants and their effects on growth and viability of lichen transplants along a rural highway in Norway." Lichenologist 46, no. 6 (October 23, 2014): 809–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282914000449.
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AbstractThis study aims to quantify dispersal of airborne traffic-related elemental pollutants and concurring responses – relative growth rate (RGR), maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), and chlorophylls (Chlab) – in four epiphytic lichens (Lobaria pulmonaria,Parmelia sulcata,Ramalina farinacea,Usnea dasopoga). Lichens were transplanted from 25 September to 26 March to 1·5 m tall stands in open farmlands at 10, 15, 30, 50 and 100 m from the E6 highway (SE Norway), along three transects on each side usnea dasopoga of the road. The concentrations of most elements (Ca, Mg,Na,Fe,Al, Zn,Ba,Cu,V,Cr,Ni,Co,Sn, As, Mo) significantly increased with increasing proximity to the road. Elements inboldhad elevated concentrations relative to controls, at least in some species at 100 m. The heavy metal accumulation increased from foliose to fruticose lichens in the order:P. sulcata>L. pulmonaria>R. farinacea≫U. dasopoga.However,L. pulmonariawas the only species with strong pollutant-dependent reductions in growth,Fv/Fm, Chlab, and Chla/b-ratio. The RGR and viability parameters were adversely affected by the roadside environment near the road only (≤15 m), and only after substantial heavy metal accumulation. Measurement of metal accumulation in lichens is thus a far more sensitive way of monitoring road pollutants than recording growth and lichen viability. Despite strong species-specific contrasts in elemental concentrations, most road pollutant elements responded similarly to distance from the road in all species.
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Paoli, Luca, Zuzana Fačkovcová, Anna Guttová, Caterina Maccelli, Katarína Kresáňová, and Stefano Loppi. "Evernia Goes to School: Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals and Photosynthetic Performance in Lichen Transplants Exposed Indoors and Outdoors in Public and Private Environments." Plants 8, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8050125.
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Recently indoor air quality (IAQ) has become a key issue, especially in schools, where children spend most of the day. Only in a few cases IAQ was investigated using lichens as biomonitors. During autumn 2017, lichens (Evernia prunastri) were exposed for two months indoors and outdoors in public (schools) and private (dwellings) environments, in both rural and urban areas of Slovakia. The bioaccumulation of selected elements and the physiological status of the samples were considered. The content of heavy metals increased in samples exposed outdoors for 11 out of 12 elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, S, Sb, V and Zn, but not Ca) in the urban area and for 5 (As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Sb) in the rural area. Indoor concentrations were overall similar, both in rural and urban buildings, independently of the outdoor conditions. An indoor accumulation occurred only for Cd, Cu and Pb. An indoor origin was suggested for Cd, while for Cu and Pb, outdoor penetration (car traffic) is the likely cause of indoor values. Indoor exposed lichens maintained their vitality (as reflected by chlorophyll a fluorescence emission). This latter result further supports the use of lichen biomonitoring as a suitable method for assessing IAQ.
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Sonesson, Mats, Bjartmar Sveinbjörnsson, Anders Tehler, and Bengt Å. Carlsson. "A comparison of the physiology, anatomy and ribosomal DNA in alpine and subalpine populations of the lichen Nephroma arcticum—the effects of an eight-year transplant experiment." Bryologist 110, no. 2 (June 2007): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745(2007)110[244:acotpa]2.0.co;2.
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Garg, Suruchi, and Anuva Bansal. "Platelet-rich plasma in interventional dermatology and trichology: How far have we come?" Cosmoderma 1 (June 10, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/csdm_7_2021.
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Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains several growth factors and cellular adhesion molecules which promote wound healing, angiogenesis and accelerate the rejuvenation of skin and hair follicles. With its proven regenerative and regrowth potential in a plethora of conditions, PRP has been deemed as the “futuristic elixir.” Current evidence suggests that PRP effectively stimulates angiogenesis, collagen as well as elastin regeneration, and is a safe, easy to prepare, minimally invasive technique with limited downtime, and negligible risk of allergic/hypersensitivity reactions owing to its autologous nature. It has shown excellent results when utilized as monotherapy or in combination with microneedling or ablative lasers in acne scars, post-burn or post-traumatic scars, melasma, striae distensae, chronic ulcers, and lichen sclerosus. PRP injections or PRP combined with microneedling are increasingly being utilized for skin rejuvenation and recently have been utilized to provide non-invasive face lifts. A novel technique combining non-cultured epidermal cell suspension suspended in PRP results in superior repigmentation outcomes in case of vitiligo. Use of PRP alone or in combination with hair transplant in androgenetic alopecia is another well-researched indication and its use has been successfully extrapolated to indications such as alopecia areata, chronic telogen effluvium, and cicatricial alopecia. In spite of its established efficacy in such a vast number of indications, PRP should be used with utmost caution. These growth mediators exert their own endocrine, paracrine, and enzymatic effects, the complete influence of which still remains a mystery and only years of experience, in the times to come will unravel the absolute power of our “mighty dragon warrior.”
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Garty, Jacob. "Comparisons between the metal content of a transplanted lichen before and after the start-up of a coal-fired power station in Israel." Canadian Journal of Botany 66, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b88-095.
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The lichen Ramalina duriaei (De Not.) Bagl. was transplanted to 10 biomonitoring sites during the period December 1981 – December 1982. The amounts of Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the lichen material were measured at the beginning and at the end of the exposure period. These data were compared with the metal amounts detected in R. duriaei transplanted to the same stations during the period February 1979 – March 1980. After the 1981 – 1982 period, the regional amounts of Ni, Cr, and Pb in the transplanted lichen were found to be higher than in the lichen transplanted to the same sites during the 1979–1980 period, prior to the operation of the coal-fired power plant. The increase of Pb in the lichen after the second period (1981 – 1982) reflects the increase in the total number of motor vehicles in the country during that time. The increase of the amounts of Cr and Ni in the latter period is probably related to emissions of these substances from the power-plant stack. The regional decrease in Zn amount in the lichen in the latter period is probably related to a decrease in the use of Zn as a constituent of foliar nutrients in agriculture.
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BIDUSSI, Massimo, Knut Asbjørn SOLHAUG, and Yngvar GAUSLAA. "Increased snow accumulation reduces survival and growth in dominant mat-forming arctic-alpine lichens." Lichenologist 48, no. 3 (May 2016): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282916000086.
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AbstractRelative growth rates (RGR) and carbon-based secondary compounds (CBSCs) were quantified in four dominant terricolous arctic-alpine mat-forming lichens with different preferences for snow cover. The aim was to evaluate the effects of snow depth, and thus snow cover duration, on lichen growth and performance. The species,Alectoria ochroleuca,Flavocetraria nivalis,Cladonia mitisandCetrariella delisei, are associated with increasing snow depth, respectively. They were transplanted for one year at five snow depths (0, 60, 120, 160 and 200 cm measured in early May) along each of four natural ridge to snow bed gradient transects in oceanic-alpine sites (western Norway). Snow slightly thicker than in source habitats caused negative RGR in the ridge top-dependentA. ochroleucaand the co-occurringF. nivaliswith somewhat higher snow tolerance. OnlyC. mitiswith the broadest ecological niche had positive RGR along most of the gradients (0–160 cm), even outside its natural range. The most snow-tolerant species,C. delisei, tolerant also to temporal inundation in water, had the lowest RGR. Nevertheless, it performed as well in places with little or no snow as in places where it grows naturally. Snow depth significantly affected total concentrations of CBSCs mainly inA. ochroleuca, which experienced substantial mass loss under snow. There was a highly significant increase in usnic acid concentration with increasing mass loss inA. ochroleuca, probably because usnic acid decays more slowly than other components. In conclusion, snow reduced lichen RGR, but in species-specific ways. Therefore, increasing snow depthper sealong spatial and/or temporal scales likely reduces abundance and distribution of dominant mat-forming lichens in the alpine ecosystems of Scandinavia.
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Pastano, Rocco, Giovanna Andreola, Patrizia Mancuso, Federica Gigli, Angelo Gardellini, Sarah Jayne Liptrott, Davide Radice, Giovanni Martinelli, and Francesco Bertolini. "Mature Circulating Endothelial Cells and Progenitors in Patients with Chronic Gvhd." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4700.4700.
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Abstract Abstract 4700 Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease are a common complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In animal models acute GVHD (aGVHD) is associated with increased neovascularization and number of circulating endothelial cells (CECs), while patients with sclerodermatous chronic GVHD (cGVHD) show a significant decrease in the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood as compared to patients with non sclerodermatous cGVHD or controls. In an attempt to evaluate the role of CECs and EPCs in patients with cGVHD, we analysed a total of 15 patients affected by hematological malignancies (3 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, 4 Hodgkin Disease, 4 Multiple Myeloma, 2 Myelodisplastic Syndrome, 2 Chronic Lymphocitic Leukemia) having undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation following reduced intensity conditioning. Donors were HLA identical in 14 patients (12 sibling and 2 matched unrelated donors) and HLA aploidentical in 1. Acute GVHD and cGVHD were defined on the basis of time of manifestation, ≤100 days for aGVHD and >100 days for cGVHD. At the time of the blood sample collection, 8 patients, median age 42 years (28-51), with a median time after transplant of 177 days (21-1373), had no evidence of GVHD; of those 5/8 were evaluable for aGVHD and cGVHD, 2 only for aGVHD; 4/8 were on post-transplant calcineurin inhibitors immunosuppressive therapy; 7 other patients, median age 51 years (38-64), with a median time after transplant of 844 days (314-1779), were all evaluable for acute and cGVHD and had evidence of cGVHD as follows: sclerodermatous in 3 patients requiring systemic immunosuppressive therapy, oral mucosa lichen in 1 patient taking oral corticosteroid and cutaneous erythematous and dischromic cGVHD in the other 3 patients, with only 1 patient on systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Viable and apoptotic CECs and EPCs were evaluated by six color flow cytometry (Mancuso et al, Clin Cancer Res, 2009). Briefly, CECs were defined as DNA+CD45-CD31+ CD146+, EPCs as CD45- CD34+. The combination of Syto16 and 7-AAD was used to discriminate between viable (syto16bright/7-AAD-) and apoptotic (syto16weakly pos/7-AAD+) endothelial cells, and to exclude from analysis, platelets and endothelial macroparticles. The results, expressed as median of cells/mL, are summarized in the following table:Total CECsViable CECsApoptotic CECsEPCsHealthy Subject103 (33–322)21 (3–67)77* (28–303)31 (0–56)Patients with cGVHD46 (29–94)41 (25–68)5* (3–26)30 (0–213)Patients without GVHD138 (30–179)39 (10–153)68* (5–136)49 (0–355)*p<0.017 These preliminary data indicate a significant reduction in apoptotic circulating mature endothelial cells, likely reflecting a poor vascularization of multiple organs and tissues targeted by cGVHD and a trend towards a decreased number of EPCs in patients with cGVHD. A multicentric study is now planned to confirm these hypotheses and investigate a possible predictive/prognostic role of CEC and EPC counts in cGVHD. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Boonpeng, Chaiwat, Duangkamon Sangiamdee, Sutatip Noikrad, and Kansri Boonpragob. "Assessing Seasonal Concentrations of Airborne Potentially Toxic Elements in Tropical Mountain Areas in Thailand Using the Transplanted Lichen Parmotrema Tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale." Forests 14, no. 3 (March 19, 2023): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030611.
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The atmosphere of mountain areas may be contaminated by pollutants originating mainly from road traffic, as well as tourist and community activities within such areas. This study mainly aimed to assess the concentrations of airborne potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in two mountain areas in Thailand using lichen biomonitoring. Thalli of the lichen Parmotrema tinctorum from the relatively unpolluted area in Khao Yai National Park (KYNP) were prepared and exposed at nine sites in the KYNP and nine sites in Doi Inthanon National Park (DINP) during the rainy and dry seasons. The lichen transplants were collected and analyzed for 15 PTEs, including Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, and Zn, using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The result clearly showed that the atmosphere of many monitoring sites in both mountains were contaminated by the investigated PTEs. The contamination factors (CFs) revealed that several PTEs heavily contaminated the atmosphere at many monitoring sites. The pollution load indices (PLIs) clearly illustrated that the atmosphere of all sites had higher pollution loads in the dry season than in the rainy season, which was likely due to the higher numbers of motor vehicles and visitors. The highest pollution loads were observed at sites that had higher traffic density and human activities, including the park entrance site in the KYNP and the community site in the DINP. The lowest air pollution loads were discovered at the summit sites in both mountains. This study indicates that the atmosphere of mountain areas can be contaminated by some PTEs that are mainly produced by road traffic and local communities. It also confirms the ability of the transplanted lichen P. tinctorum to be an effective biomonitoring tool for airborne PTEs in natural environments.
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Wirk, Baldeep. "Massive Pleural Effusions and Anasarca After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4556.4556.
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Abstract Abstract 4556 A 37 year old male with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with normal cytogenetics 46XY in second complete remission (CR2) after 8 cycles of HyperCVAD and 4 cycles of salvage nelarabine underwent myeloablative conditioning with cyclophosphamide TBI for a matched related donor allogeneic stem cell transplant from his brother. His day+100 bone marrow biopsy showed CR2 and was 100% donor. His post transplant course was unremarkable until he relapsed d+162. The immunosuppression was tapered off rapidly and 2 cycles of nelarabine and a donor lymphocyte infusion (1×107 CD3 cells/kg) were completed by d+254 and CR3 was achieved. He did well until d+608 when he presented with a month long history of dyspnea and recurrent bilateral large pleural effusions (despite multiple large volume thoracenteses) and anasarca including facial edema. He had gained 15 kilograms in 2 weeks. He had no fever, skin rash, sicca syndrome or lichen planus. Chest and abdomen CT showed massive bilateral pleural effusions, but no lung infiltrate, pericardial effusion or ascites or lymphadenopathy. The complete blood count, renal function and liver function tests were normal and there was normal hepatopedal flow in the main portal vein and its branches. The echocardiogram showed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60% (normal) and there were no vegetations. The serum ANA, anti-Ro and anti-La were negative. The bone marrow biopsy showed no evidence of relapse of T cell ALL. The peripheral blood STR was 100% donor. The pleural fluid was transudative and cytology showed no malignancy. Pleural fluid flow cytometry showed no CD20+ B cells but did show polyclonal T cells with a CD4:CD8 ratio of 0.22. The pleural biopsy showed reactive mesothelial cells with mixed acute and chronic inflammation and no malignancy. Ebstein Barr virus in-situ hybridization and HHV-8 immunohistochemistry was negative on the pleural biopsy. All bacterial, fungal and viral (including CMV, EBV, HSV, adenovirus, VZV, HIV, BK) of the blood, urine and pleural fluid were unremarkable. A random skin biopsy of the forearm showed scleroderma. Methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg iv daily and therapeutic tacrolimus with extracorporeal photoporesis was begun with resolution of the pleural effusions and anasarca two months later. On d+903 he remains in CR3 and is on tapering courses of prednisone and tacrolimus without recurrence of the pleural effusions or anasarca. Conclusion: Isolated sterile pleural effusions with anasarca should be recognized as a rare feature of late onset chronic graft versus host disease so as to allow prompt initiation of immunosuppression. The patient shared the HLA antigens HLA DR15 and HLA DQW6 which are associated with autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus suggesting that patients with this HLA combination may be more prone to this presentation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Gauslaa, Yngvar, and Knut Asbjørn Solhaug. "High-Light-Intensity Damage to the Foliose Lichen Lobaria Pulmonaria within Natural Forest: The Applicability of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Methods." Lichenologist 32, no. 3 (May 2000): 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1999.0265.
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AbstractThe annual course of irradiance was recorded at two vertical and even-aged neighbouring Quercus stems, one rich in L. pulmonaria, one without. Irradiance never exceeded 610 μmol photons m−2 s−1 at the L. pulmonaria site, whereas the L. pulmonaria-deficient site could experience 2 h daily 2000 μmol photons m−2 s−1, and 6 h above 1000 μmol photons m−2 s−1 during a clear day in early spring. Thalli of L. pulmonaria were transplanted to these two stems. During the first 40 days (April–May), transplants at the L. pulmonaria-deficient site developed severe chlorophyll degradation, and a substantial reduction in maximal PS II efficiency (Fv/Fm) even when measured after a 48-h recovery period at low light intensity. Extensive bleaching was formed along light-exposed sides of the tiny ridges on the upper side. Subsequent to this damage, FV/FM gradually rose to nearly normal levels during the following year. This apparent recovery was probably mainly due to irreversible loss of damaged chlorophyll, but also to some level of acclimation. No damage was observed in control transplants on the L. pulmonariarich tree, which were the only transplants gaining sufficient growth for new attachment to the new substratum during the 397-day transplantation period. Nevertheless, a fine-scale, but highly significant seasonal variation in FV/FM of control transplants reflected variations of even low irradiance levels. FV/FM, as measured after a 48-h recovery period at low light intensity, is an efficient meth for recording permanent high light damages at and shortly after damage is formed. However, FV/FM is not a useful estimator of chronic long-term damage.
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Matthes-Sears, U., T. H. Nash III, and D. W. Larson. "The ecology of Ramalina menziesii. IV. In situ photosynthetic patterns and water relations of reciprocal transplants between two sites on a coastal–inland gradient." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 1183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-160.
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The lichen Ramalina menziesii shows a clear coast–inland gradient in morphology. To investigate whether functional differences in the field were imposed by the environment or were relatively stable phenotypic characteristics, reciprocal transplants were made between coastal and inland habitats in central California. Patterns of gross photosynthesis and thallus water content, together with the driving environmental variables, were measured simultaneously on indigenous and transplanted samples. The comparison showed that thallus water content of the two morphological forms was not significantly different when atmospheric humidity was low. In a humid atmosphere, however, the coastal samples maintained a slightly higher hydration level than the inland samples. This resulted in slightly higher photosynthetic rates when water content was low. At higher hydration levels, the inland samples photosynthesized at a higher rate than the coastal samples. It is possible that these differences are an effect of increased salt load in coastal thalli.
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Gilbert, O. L. "A Successful Transplant Operation Involving Lobaria Amplissima." Lichenologist 23, no. 1 (January 1991): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282991000129.
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AbstractA technique for transplanting epiphytic lichens is described by reference to a rescue operation involving Lobaria amplissima at Lowther Park, Cumbria. Fourteen transplantswere monitored for 10 years after which period 70% survived. All failures occurred during the first 12 months.
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Reis, M. A., L. C. Alves, M. C. Freitas, B. Van Os, J. de Goeij, and H. Th Wolterbeek. "Calibration of lichen transplants considering faint memory effects." Environmental Pollution 120, no. 1 (November 2002): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00131-8.
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Markova, Alina, Alexander Pan, Stephen Dusza, Arifa Chowdhury, Oluwaseun Kukoyi, Miguel-Angel Perales, Mario Lacouture, Susan Prockop, and Doris M. Ponce. "Interim Results of a Pilot, Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Vehicle- and Comparator-Controlled Trial on Safety and Efficacy of a Topical Inhibitor of Janus Kinase 1/2 (Ruxolitinib INCB018424 Phosphate 1.5% Cream) for Non-Sclerotic and Superficially Sclerotic Chronic Cutaneous Graft-Versus-Host Disease." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 3915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-144743.
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Abstract Oral ruxolitinib has been successfully used for the treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) and topical ruxolitinib has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. Background: There are no FDA-approved topical treatments for cutaneous cGvHD. Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of skin-directed therapy for the inflammatory-phase cutaneous cGvHD but are associated with significant side effects such as skin thinning, bruising, striae, infections, and acne, and may incompletely treat cutaneous cGvHD, prompting use of systemic therapies. Methods. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle- and comparator-controlled, phase 2, proof-of-concept trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream in patients 12 years of age or older with cutaneous nonsclerotic (lichen-planus like, poikilodermatous) and superficially sclerotic (lichen sclerosus, morphea-like) cGvHD with ≥2% of body surface area (BSA) affected at a single, academic transplantation center in the United States. Patients were only eligible to enroll if systemic therapy, when applicable, was stable for ≥ 4 weeks and concurrent topical therapy (including phototherapy) was not used. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream left side of face/body or right side of face/body with placebo vehicle cream to contralateral side of face/body twice daily to for 28 days, followed by an optional open label extension to both sides of 28 days for interested patients. The primary end point was efficacy as measured by BSA of the GvHD rash on the side of face/body treated with topical ruxolitinib cream vs contralateral side treated with vehicle at Day 28. Secondary endpoints were Physician's Global Assessment of clinical condition (PGA) and Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Severity (CAILS) of the ruxolitinib-treated side vs vehicle-treated side at Day 14 and 28. Interim analyses were performed once 10 patients were evaluable of the planned 24 patients. Results. Between 6/28/19 and 5/14/21, a total of 13 patients (mean age 52.6 years [SD 20.0]; 7 [54%] female and 6 [46%] male) underwent randomization; 11 patients completed Day 14 assessments, 12 patients Day 28 assessments, and 10 patients Day 56 assessments. Patients had a history of acute leukemia (N=8 [62%]), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (N=3 [23%]), myeloproliferative neoplasm (N=1 [8%]), or aplastic anemia (N=1 [8%]). Median time from transplant to enrollment was 665 days (IQR 433-1355), and from cGvHD onset to enrollment 283 days (IQR 115-867). Chronic GvHD was NIH mild (8%), moderate (23%), or severe (62%), predominantly classic (85% vs. overlap 15%), with 46% having 4 or more involved organs. Most patients were enrolled for treatment of cutaneous nonsclerotic cGvHD (N=10, 77%) with lichen planus-like (N=8), papulosquamous (N=1), and maculopapular rash/erythema features (N=1). Three patients were enrolled for treatment of lichen sclerosus-like cGvHD. Patients were heavily pretreated with 4 (31%) having 3 or more prior lines of systemic therapy for cGvHD. Most patients had failed at least 2 topical therapies, with 77% previously failed topical steroids, 24% topical calcineurin inhibitors, and 24% phototherapy. There was a trend in reduced BSA of cGvHD on the treatment side compared to the vehicle side from Day 1 (13.4 on treatment/vehicle) to Day 14 (10.9 vs 13.8; p=0.06) and continuing to Day 28 (7.7 vs 11.0; p=0.15), respectively. PGA (Day 1: 5 treatment/vehicle) of treatment side was significantly improved starting at Day 14 (3.3 treatment vs 4.4 vehicle; p=0.024), with continued improvement at Day 28 (2.5 vs 4.0; p= 0.026). CAILS (Day 1: 15.6 treatment vs 15.5 vehicle; p=0.83) of treatment side was also significantly improved starting at Day 14 (9.0 vs 13.3; p=0.02). There were no serious adverse events (SAEs) reported. One patient had a grade 1 headache which was attributed possibly to therapy. Three patients had treatment-emergent AEs (all grade 1) that were unlikely (N=1) or unrelated (N=2) to study therapy. Conclusions. Topical ruxolitinib 1.5% cream was effective in treating cutaneous nonsclerotic and superficially sclerotic GvHD as determined by PGA and CAILS. These data suggest that ruxolitinib cream might be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with cutaneous nonsclerotic and superficially sclerotic chronic GvHD. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Markova: Alira Health Ventures: Consultancy; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Blueprint Medicines: Consultancy; UpToDate: Patents & Royalties: Royalties for chapter on dermatologic adverse events to targeted therapies ; Amryt Pharma: Research Funding. Perales: MorphoSys: Honoraria; Omeros: Honoraria; Cidara: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria, Other; Equilium: Honoraria; Medigene: Honoraria; Kite/Gilead: Honoraria, Other; Karyopharm: Honoraria; Sellas Life Sciences: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Other; Nektar Therapeutics: Honoraria, Other; Servier: Honoraria; Miltenyi Biotec: Honoraria, Other; NexImmune: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Merck: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria. Prockop: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: Other: S Prockop receives support for the conduct of sponsored clinical trials through MSK from Atara Biotherapeutics, Jasper and AlloVir. , Patents & Royalties: S Prockop is a co-inventor on intellectual property (IP) licensed to Atara. S Prockop has waived rights to this IP to MSK and has no personal financial interests in Atara. MSK has financial interests in Atara and IP interests relevant to this abstract. ; MSK: Other: Inventor; Neovii: Consultancy; ADMA Biologics: Consultancy; Jasper: Other: support for the conduct of sponsored trials; AlloVir: Other: support for the conduct of sponsored trials; Atara Biotherapeutics: Other: support for the conduct of sponsored trials and Inventor. Ponce: Kadmon pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria; Ceramedix: Consultancy, Honoraria; CareDx: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seres Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Generon Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.
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Levin, Adolfo G., and Maria L. Pignata. "Ramalina ecklonii as a bioindicator of atmospheric pollution in Argentina." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 8 (August 1, 1995): 1196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-129.
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The lichen Ramalina ecklonii (Spreng.) Mey. and Flot. was transplanted to 24 biomonitoring sites along three transects in the western area of Córdoba, Argentina, and tested for chlorophyll, phaeophytin conjugated dienes concentration, soluble protein content, and sulfur accumulation. The transects represented three levels of vehicular traffic. Significant differerences were observed in sulfur content, phaeophytin b, total phaeophytin, and dry mass to fresh mass ratio (DM/FM). A pollution index (PI) was calculated based on the ratio of phaeophytin a to chlorophyll a and the ratio of sulfur and conjugated dienes in transplanted specimens to sulfur and conjugated dienes in the control specimens. Significant differences in PI among the transects were observed; the lowest PI was at the control site, and the highest along the sampling line having the greatest amount of traffic. Key words: lichen, Ramalina ecklonii, biomonitoring, air pollution.
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Guerrieri, Nicoletta. "Moss, Lichens and Phytobenthos Bioindicators of Pollution." Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 3, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000138.
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The use of lichens, mosses and phytobenthos as biomonitors of air and water pollution by heavy metals is discussed on the basis of the literature and the author’s own experience. The usefulness of the available monitoring techniques is critically evaluated. Moss and lichens are considered very useful biodindicators especially for large-scale studies of heavy-metal deposition from the atmosphere. National and international organization standardized and shared monitoring protocols. We analysed the recent literature from 2019 to April 2020 and selected some significant case studies that contribute to an improvement of the analytical methods and to a development of new tools. A wide literature reports monitoring of air pollution with moss and lichens, both natural and transplanted. The use of transplanted moss as bioindicator of water pollution is less represented in the available literature. Phytobenthos represents a new frontier in the aquatic ecosystem monitoring and even if a standardized method has not yet been finalized, it represents a potential very useful biomonitor of metals, emergent pollutants and also microplastics in aquatic environment. New tools, new technologies are emerging from recent literature and the relationship between environment and human health starts to be studied from a different point of view.
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Jin, Hua, Kaibo Yang, Haiyan Zhang, Zhiping Fan, Fen Huang, Yanyan Chai, Li Xuan, Yanqiu Chen, and Qifa Liu. "Expansion of Peripheral Extra-Follicular Helper T Cells in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 4583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113211.
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Abstract Introduction: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In contrast to acute GVHD, cGVHD is an autoimmune-like syndrome. The clinical manifestations of cGVHD are highly variable, including skin pathology varying from lichen planus-like lesions to full sclerosis, oral lichen planus-like lesions, muscle or joint fasciitis, and bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) (Bruce Blazar et. al. Blood 2016). Recently, extrafollicular CD4+ T- and B- cell interactions are gaining more and more attentions in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It has been reported that mice with cGVHD had an expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells (Ruishu D et. al. Nature communications 2017). It is still unclear whether extrafollicular CD4+ T helper cells play an important role in the development of human cGVHD or not. Methods: A total of 70 patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent allo-HSCT at Nanfang Hospital between June 2015 and June 2017 were enrolled in this experimental study. The diagnosis and grade of cGVHD was made at the time of sample collection according to National Institutes of Health criteria (Howard M.S. et. al. BBMT 2015). Comparison of three means was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test. Comparison of two means was analyzed using an unpaired two-tailed Student t-test. Correlation studies were performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: We found that the frequency and count of circulating T follicular helper cells (cTfh) markedly decreased in patients with active cGVHD compared with patients without cGVHD (median, 3.16% vs 1.19% of CD4+ T cells; P <0.0001 and median,11.26 x10^6 vs 1.77 x10^6; P <0.0001). These decreases are more significant in patients with moderate/severe cGVHD. We further found that the frequency of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells in patients with active cGVHD significantly increased (median, 3.93% vs 8.69% of CD4+ T cells; P <0.001). There was also an increased trend in the count of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells of patients with active cGVHD, although patients with active cGVHD have lymphopenia (median, 6.91 x10^6 vs 13.20 x10^6; P =0.19). Multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed that active cGVHD was a significant factor for high percentage of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells after adjusting for other transplant characteristics (P <0.001). Moreover, expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells correlated with the clinical grade of cGVHD (P <0 .005), and the difference lasted until 1 year after allo-HCT. The expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells was highly correlated with the generation of IgG1 antibodies (P <0 .05). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that expansion of extrafollicular CD4+ T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of human cGVHD. Targeting extrafollicular CD4+ T-B-cell interactions may be an effective strategy in patients with cGVHD. Disclosures Yang: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Zhang:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Fan:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Huang:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Chai:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Xuan:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding. Chen:National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600141, No. 81770190) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310390): Research Funding.
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Vannini, Andrea, Luca Paoli, Riccardo Fedeli, Sharon Kwambai Kangogo, Massimo Guarnieri, Stefania Ancora, Fabrizio Monaci, and Stefano Loppi. "Modeling heavy metal release in the epiphytic lichen Evernia prunastri." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 21 (January 28, 2021): 27392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12620-7.
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AbstractIn this study, the release of Cu2+ and Zn2+ was investigated and modeled in the epiphytic lichen Evernia prunastri. Samples were incubated with solutions containing these metals at ecologically relevant concentrations (10 and 100 μM) and then transplanted to a remote area and retrieved after 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. The results showed that, after 12 months, all samples faced similar metal reductions of ca. 80–85%, but after this period, all the involved processes seem to be no longer capable of generating further reductions. These results suggest that the lichen E. prunastri can provide information about environmental improvements after exposure to high or very high pollution levels in a relatively short period of time.
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Paoli, Luca, Tommaso Pisani, Anna Guttová, Giovanni Sardella, and Stefano Loppi. "Physiological and chemical response of lichens transplanted in and around an industrial area of south Italy: Relationship with the lichen diversity." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 74, no. 4 (May 2011): 650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.10.011.
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