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Academic literature on the topic 'Lice as carriers of contagion'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Lice as carriers of contagion"

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Dungey, Mardi, George Milunovich, and Susan Thorp. "Unobservable shocks as carriers of contagion." Journal of Banking & Finance 34, no. 5 (May 2010): 1008–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.11.006.

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Canyon, Deon V., Chauncey Canyon, and Sami Milani. "Parental and Child Attitudes Towards Pediculosis are a Major Cause Of Reinfection." Open Dermatology Journal 8, no. 1 (April 18, 2014): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874372201408010024.

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Pediculosis can elicit considerable emotional distress in the infected and their carers, but the role of attitude in head lice reinfection has not been explored. Failure of head lice control is often attributed to insecticide resistance because human aspects of reinfestation are unknown. This study collected data from 128 teenagers with a history of pediculosis to retrospectively explore attitudes towards head lice. One third of female and two thirds of male teenagers were unconcerned about having head lice. One fifth of parents did nothing about their child’s head lice infections, while a few male students did not inform their parents when they had pediculosis. This is the first study on the prevalence of human lice carriers who are a primary cause of head lice reinfection. Medical and public health professions need to understand the social reasons for the failure of insecticide-based head lice control.
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Canyon, Deon V., Chauncey Canyon, and Sami Milani. "Characterizing the Nature of Human Carriers of Head Lice." Open Dermatology Journal 8, no. 1 (April 18, 2014): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874372201408010029.

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Pediculosis is a ubiquitous disease common throughout the globe and managed entirely through the application of insecticides and natural therapies with varying success. Resistance and reinfection are known to be responsible for increases in prevalence reported in many countries since the 1900s. This study investigated reinfection, which has been neglected by researchers, by attempting to learn more about the role of reservoir hosts. Open-ended questions were asked from 126 students of Grades 8 and 9 to explore this issue from the perspective of the infected population. A majority of females (60%) and 40% of males had no idea that they had pediculosis until it was discovered by themselves, a friend or a carer. Some female (12.1%) and male (14.5%) students did not tell their parents when they became aware that they had pediculosis. Hair thickness was significantly related to this question with 23.3% of thick-haired students concealing their infections. The results from this study suggest that brown- and short-haired White boys should be a primary target in lice awareness and control programs, because they are much more likely to harbor lice than long-haired girls. Health professionals should be aware of the social reasons for why this pest is so difficult to control.
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CABRERA, OCTAVIO, and DAMIÁN H. ZANETTE. "AVOIDING EXTINCTION BY MIGRATION: THE CASE OF THE HEAD LOUSE." Advances in Complex Systems 18, no. 01n02 (February 2015): 1550010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525915500101.

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The possibility of spreading by migration, colonizing new spatial domains suitable for development and reproduction, can substantially relieve a biological population from the risk of extinction. By means of a realistic computational model based on empirical data, we study this phenomenon for the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis. In particular, we show that a lice colony infesting a single isolated host is prone to extinction by stochastic population fluctuations within an interval of several months, while migration over a relatively small group of hosts in contact with each other is enough to insure the prevalence of the infestation for indefinitely long periods. We characterize the interplay of the size of the host group with the host-to-host contagion probability, which controls a transition between extinction of the lice population and a situation where the infestation is endemic.
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Hootman, Janis. "Quality Improvement Projects Related To Pediculosis Management." Journal of School Nursing 18, no. 2 (April 2002): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405020180020401.

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Concern about student absenteeism related to repeated pediculosis infestations and the consequent risk for unsuccessful school achievement led to a quality improvement program comprised of 6 projects. The goal was to identify effective nursing interventions for children and families incurring repeated infestations. One project addressed the prevalence of infestation, frequency of school exclusion, and duration of consequential lost school days. Affirmed were low contagion in classrooms and multiple social and emotional challenges in students having chronic infestations. From other projects, the importance of establishing effective relationships with parents, students, and school staff to work toward effective management outcomes was apparent. Also identified was the need to better match hair texture with the selection of a lice comb for effective mechanical removal of lice and nits. There is a need to replicate these projects with larger numbers of students in different geographic locations. It is important to have evidence-based information about the communicability and management strategies for pediculosis to contribute to sound treatment and policy formation.
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Roy, Satyaki, Preetom Biswas, and Preetam Ghosh. "Determining the rate of infectious disease testing through contagion potential." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 8 (August 2, 2023): e0002229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002229.

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The emergence of new strains, varying in transmissibility, virulence, and presentation, makes the existing epidemiological statistics an inadequate representation of COVID-19 contagion. Asymptomatic individuals continue to act as carriers for the elderly and immunocompromised, making the timing and extent of vaccination and testing extremely critical in curbing contagion. In our earlier work, we proposed contagion potential (CP) as a measure of the infectivity of an individual in terms of their contact with other infectious individuals. Here we extend the idea of CP at the level of a geographical region (termed a zone). We estimate CP in a spatiotemporal model based on infection spread through social mixing as well as SIR epidemic model optimization, under varying conditions of virus strains, reinfection, and superspreader events. We perform experiments on the real daily infection dataset at the country level (Italy and Germany) and state level (New York City, USA). Our analysis shows that CP can effectively assess the number of untested (and asymptomatic) infected and inform the necessary testing rates. Finally, we show through simulations that CP can trace the evolution of the infectivity profiles of zones due to the combination of inter-zonal mobility, vaccination policy, and testing rates in real-world scenarios.
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Rahman, Naureen, Faith Hannah Scott, Yuri Lvov, Anna Stavitskaya, Farida Akhatova, Svetlana Konnova, Gӧlnur Fakhrullina, and Rawil Fakhrullin. "Clay Nanotube Immobilization on Animal Hair for Sustained Anti-Lice Protection." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091477.

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Topical administration of drugs is required for the treatment of parasitic diseases and insect infestations; therefore, fabrication of nanoscale drug carriers for effective insecticide topical delivery is needed. Here we report the enhanced immobilization of halloysite tubule nanoclay onto semiaquatic capybaras which have hydrophobic hair surfaces as compared to their close relatives, land-dwelling guinea pigs, and other agricultural livestock. The hair surface of mammals varies in hydrophobicity having a cortex surrounded by cuticles. Spontaneous 1–2 µm thick halloysite hair coverages on the semi-aquatic rodent capybara, non-aquatic rodent guinea pig, and farm goats were compared. The best coating was found for capybara due to the elevated 5 wt% wax content. As a result, we suggest hair pretreatment with diluted wax for enhanced nanoclay adsorption. The formation of a stable goat hair coverage with a 2–3 µm halloysite layer loaded with permethrin insecticide allowed for long-lasting anti-parasitic protection, enduring multiple rain wettings and washings. We expect that our technology will find applications in animal parasitosis protection and may be extended to prolonged human anti-lice treatment.
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Pinho, João R. R., Paolo M. De A. Zanotto, João L. P. Ferreira, Laura M. Sumita, Flair J. Carrilho, Luiz C. da Silva, M. Lourdes Capacci, et al. "High Prevalence of GB Virus C in Brazil and Molecular Evidence for Intrafamilial Transmission." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 5 (1999): 1634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.5.1634-1637.1999.

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The prevalence of GB virus C (GBV-C) in candidate Brazilian blood donors with normal and elevated alanine aminotransferase levels was found to be 5.2% (5 of 95) and 6.5% (5 of 76), respectively. Among Brazilian patients, GBV-C was found in 9.5% (13 of 137) of cases of hepatitis not caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), HBV, HCV, HDV, or HEV (non-A-E hepatitis) and in 18.2% (8 of 44) of individuals infected with HCV. Molecular characterization of GBV-C by partial sequencing of the NS3 region showed clustering between members of a single family, implying intrafamilial transmission. In conclusion, these results together suggest that contagion mechanisms which facilitate intrafamilial transmission of GBV-C may partially explain the high prevalence of viremic carriers worldwide.
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Neroev, V. V., G. I. Krichevskaya, and N. V. Balatskaya. "COVID-19 and problems of ophthalmology." Russian Ophthalmological Journal 13, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2020-13-4-99-104.

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Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large group of RNA viruses that are pathogenic to animals and humans. Until the end of the 20th century, human CoV were known as pathogens of seasonal mild respiratory diseases. In the last 20 years new CoVs caused three outbreaks of severe acute respiratory diseases with a predominant lesion of the lower respiratory tract: SARS-CoV — the causative agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002–2003; MERS-CoV that induced Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and SARS-CoV-2 the causative agent of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a pandemic of which began in China in late 2019 and is ongoing. The review presents current data on SARS-CoV-2, ways of contagion, transmission routes, detection time in the body, the role of asymptomatic virus carriers in the epidemic process. Advantages and disadvantages of the main laboratory methods of COVID-19 diagnosis are described: polymerase chain reaction (detection of viral RNA) and serological tests (detecting IgG-and IgM-specific antibodies). The data on conjunctivitis, the main currently known ocular symptom of COVID-19, are summarized. The role of the tear and eye discharge as a possible source of infection is discussed, as well as the role of the eye as the entrance gate of the virus with the subsequent development of respiratory infection. The high professional risk of ophthalmologists being infected through close contact with the patient during the examination is outlined. A system of complex protection of ophthalmologists against contagion during examination of patients, proposed in some countries, is presented.
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Rudy, Rudy, Firman Arofati Zalukhu, and Kevin Susanto Manurung. "THE PORTRAYAL OF PANDEMIC IN AMERICAN MOVIES." JURNAL BASIS 8, no. 2 (October 23, 2021): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/basisupb.v8i2.3768.

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With the purpose of understanding the pandemic issue that is currently experienced by almost all countries, this library research examines American films with a pandemic theme to find out the reason for using this theme in films and to identify the symbol of pandemic shown in the films. By observing the dialogs and scenes in Outbreak (1995), I am Legend (2007), Carriers (2009), Contagion (2011), and The World War Z (2013), this textual analysis study utilizes the theory of representation to interpret the pandemic in the films. The results showed that the pandemic issue can be considered a promising theme because the concept of the theme includes interesting scenes such as the emergence of infectious disease, rapid virus transmission, high mortality rates, and challenges in overcoming pandemic. These scenes form a pattern – confusion, panic, emergency, survival, and treatment that can be the hallmark of a pandemic-themed film. In addition, the results of the study also suggested that films about pandemics can symbolize the reality of human’s life which is reflected through the portraits of greed, heroism, and hope.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lice as carriers of contagion"

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Whiteman, Noah Kerness. "Evolutionary epidemiology of endemic Galápagos birds and their parasites." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2005. http://etd.umsl.edu/r1081.

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Books on the topic "Lice as carriers of contagion"

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Zinsser, Hans. Rats, lice, and history. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2008.

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Young, Theresa A. Going to the head of the class. Rockville, Md: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Office of Public Affairs, 1990.

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Young, Theresa A. Of lice and children: Going to the head of the class. Rockville, Md: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Office of Public Affairs, 1990.

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Zinsser, Hans. Rats, lice and history: A study in biography. New Brunswick, N.J: AldineTransaction, 2007.

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Valade, Michel. Le pou de l'homme, Pediculus humanus, Linné, 1758: Observations biologiques : évaluation de l'activité de différents insecticides. Paris: Editions de l'ORSTOM, 1985.

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Zinsser, Hans. Rats, lice, & history: Being a study in biography, which, after twelve preliminary chapters indispensable for the preparation of the lay reader, deals with the life history of typhus fever ... London: Papermac, 1985.

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Zinsser, Hans. Rats, lice, and history: Being a study in biography, which, after twelve preliminary chapters indispensable for the preparation of the lay reader, deals with the life history of typhus fever ... New York, NY: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 1996.

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Moren, Yvon. Bukkeek "perigam" bu xonq: Teeñ yi. Dakar, Senegal: African Language Materials Archive, 2001.

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Grimshaw, Allen. Rats, Lice and History. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Grimshaw, Allen. Rats, Lice and History. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lice as carriers of contagion"

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Spampinato, Francesco. "Wearable Virus Shields." In The Pandemic Visual Regime, 91–116. Earth, Milky Way: punctum books, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0448.1.05.

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Several dystopian design projects aimed at protecting and/or isolating users have been developed during the COVID-19 pandemic, including masks, visors, body bubbles, and other types of shields that allow avoiding actual contact with the surrounding space and with other people who could be possible carriers of the virus. The essay explores the uncanny analogies between speculative design ideas based on futuristic scenarios on one side, and practical design solutions, both self-made and mass-marketed, developed to cope with actual risks of contamination. After a brief history of wearable protections against “contagions”—with references to the evolution of cloth face masks in medicine, the paraphernalia related with the Cold War, and 1960s radical design projects—an overview of inventive masks and face shields of the COVID era will be outlined. Ranging from humoristic to fashionable to functional, these wearable inventions to prevent airborne respiration droplets from touching the user’s face have become a symbol of our time. The essay will take into consideration issues related to dread, dystopia, and the impact of media technologies on our imagination of a future in which we’ll live alienated, interacting with each other from behind screens.
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Hart, Vivien. "The Contagion of Rights: Constitutions as Carriers." In Identity, Rights and Constitutional Transformation, 39–57. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429456671-3.

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Nacos, Brigitte L. "Tactics of Terrorism." In Exchanging Terrorism Oxygen for Media Airwaves, 110–23. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5776-2.ch008.

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In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Palestinian terrorists staged a number of spectacular hijackings of commercial airliners, exploited the often prolonged hostage situations to win massive news coverage of their political grievances, and seemed to inspire other groups to use the same tactics to highlight their grievances and demands. While the bombing of facilities was in the past and remains today the preferred mode of terrorist attacks, terrorists have also carried out assassinations, suicide missions, and kidnappings with various tactics fashionable at certain times and less so during other periods. For that reason, terrorism scholars, government officials, and journalists have pondered the question of mass-mediated contagion for decades without agreeing whether news about terrorist attacks inspires copycat strikes. Given the advances in communication and information technology and changes in the global media landscape during the last decade or so, this chapter reconsiders arguments surrounding contagion theories and contends that old and new media are important carriers of the virus of hate and instrumental in tactical and ideological contagion.
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Raitt, Suzanne. "‘Contagious ecstasy’: May Sinclair’s War Journals." In Women’s Fiction and the Great War, 65–84. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198182832.003.0004.

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Abstract In Richard Aldington’s 1929 Death of a Hero, George Winterbourne sees troops returning from leave and muses: ‘These men were men ... They had been where no woman and no half-man had ever been, could endure to be.’ This notion that the front, where the ‘real’ business of war was carried out, was no place for a woman left many women feeling that they had no place in the war. Sandra Gilbert has suggested that women were liberated by the widespread absence of men from their domestic and working lives, although she does point out that as well as their ‘sexual glee’ women felt intense anxiety and guilt at having got what they wanted at so many men’s expense. But despite the government’s efforts to recast the roles of mother, wife, and indeed of ‘woman’ in the mould of war, women seem to have remained confused and uneasy, afraid of doing things wrong, but unsure how to do things right. For many women, especially older women who had no children to look after, and were beyond the age where they could be recruited for war service, the war heightened their feelings of uselessness. As Gilbert and Gubar see it, women felt curiously free, and so curiously unnecessary. Women like May Sinclair, already 51 when the war broke out, struggled to make a place for themselves in a world that was preoccupied with the vulnerability of young men, rather than of older women. Her war journals reveal in painful and awkward detail the shame of a middle-aged woman who sees in middle age her last chance at life.
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Lee, Annisa, and Stephan Hyeonjun Stiller. "Innovations in the area of social media." In Oxford Textbook of Public Mental Health, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Kamaldeep Bhui, Samuel Y. S. Wong, and Stephen E. Gilman, 521–30. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198792994.003.0055.

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An estimated 2.62 billion people use social networking sites worldwide. Only recently have studies been carried out to explore the impact of social media in terms of creating new conditions such as cyberbullying, Internet addictions, and suicide contagion, among many other forms of mental health concerns. However, social media can play a role in education and public mental health interventions. Different types of social media include computerized self-help strategies, online psychotherapy and support groups, websites with medical information, forums, blogs, web applications, mobile apps, games, and networking platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Google+, Snapchat, Twitter, Flickr, YouTube, Pinterest, and Reddit. There are generational differences in the degree of familiarity and use of social media for gathering information and seeking education. The challenge for clinicians and public health educators is to try and use social media for betterment of society.
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Batool, Madiha. "Youth Bulge in a Pandemic-Stricken World." In Handbook of Research on Ethnic, Racial, and Religious Conflicts and Their Impact on State and Social Security, 30–51. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8911-3.ch003.

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As the year 2020 dawned, the world underwent a paradigmatic shift that impacted all aspects of life. While it is axiomatic that the coronavirus pandemic left an indelible effect on all age groups, the author is especially interested in analysing the impressions that the pandemic can leave on the lives of youth. With history providing anecdotes of contagions having led to political violence and widespread massacres, this chapter will explore how the current pandemic can lead to youth radicalisation in an age of social media and in countries witnessing youth bulge. This study will be carried out at the intersection of international relations, international security, and political psychology and within the parameters of youth bulge, social-psychology, and radicalisation. In doing so, the author will propose a prognostic approach to provent youth radicalisation rather than prevent it in retrospect.
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Bender, Andressa Galleas, Lucelia Maria de Freitas, and Beatriz Essenfelder Borges. "Psoriasis and quality of life." In INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND INNOVATION IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/interdiinovationscrese-032.

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Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by inflammation, which is not contagious. The treatment of this condition is personalized, considering the patient's clinical condition, the history of the disease, and the severity of the injuries. Psoriasis stands out for having significant psychosocial consequences, due to visible lesions on the skin, resulting in significant restrictions in daily and social activities, thus compromising Quality of Life (QoL). Objective: This article seeks to understand psoriasis and describe the main characteristics that affect the QoL of patients, addressing the advances in the field of health related to this condition. Methodology: The study consists of an integrative literature review, delimited in the publication period of the last 10 years. For the selection of publications, inclusion criteria were applied, where it was decided to use a form for data collection, covering information related to the identification of the study, such as year of publication, type of study, study objective, sample used and research results. Discussion: According to the data analysis, it was possible to understand the main etiopathogenic aspects, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic approaches of psoriasis, where we have the dimension of the damage caused to the patient's QoL. From this, the disease presents itself as a skin condition triggered by multiple external factors that activate the individual's immune system. Regarding the etiology, it was clear that it involves genetic and environmental aspects. In addition, the treatment should be carried out in a multidisciplinary way. Conclusion: It is essential to highlight that the patient's QoL is directly related to the patient's health status and disease severity. QoL is an important indicator to guide the treatment and prognosis and management of the disease. Thus, there is an improvement in the QoL of patients after the beginning of drug treatment since it improves the visual aspect of the disease.
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