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Elammari, Ezzedin Mohammad Mansor. "Libyan Islamic Banks and their Importance in Achieving Development." Al-Rashad Journal of Islamic Finance 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46722/ajif.1.4.21a.
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This research paper seeks to highlight the role of Islamic banks in achieving development and its importance in Libya. These financial institutions are a humanitarian and social development message aimed at collecting funds and achieving the optimal use of resources in accordance with the rules and provisions of Islamic law to build an Islamic solidarity community, as well as employing money in investment projects that help achieve Economic and social development in Libya and thus achieving sustainable development through various Islamic financing formulas. This study reached a set of results, including that Islamic banking financing for economic projects is good and is increasing in recent times and that economic development is the goal of every country to develop its weak economy.
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Ahmad, Nassr Saleh Mohamad, and Abdu Samia Daw Ben Daw. "Compliance with AAOIFI guidelines in general presentation and disclosure by Libyan Islamic banks." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 11, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-06-2014-0015.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reveal the level of compliance with Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) guidelines in general presentation and disclosure in the financial statements of Fashlowm Islamic branch of the Gumhouria Bank as the biggest bank in Libya. Design/methodology/approach – The study used two-dimensional analysis, which combines a questionnaire with content analysis. It allowed a better understanding of the picture than would have been provided by the questionnaire alone. Findings – The results of this study indicate that the level of compliance with AAOIFI guidelines regarding general presentation and disclosure in the financial statements is low. Many reasons were identified as being behind such a low level. The lack of training programmes on AAOIFI standards was at the forefront of these reasons. Research limitations/implications – The sample is limited to the Fashlowm Islamic branch of Gumhouria Bank. This is may not be true for other branches and banks. Further research is needed in this area. Originality/value – The AAOIFI has existed for over 20 years, but little empirical research has been conducted into compliance with the standards developed by this body in the Libyan context. This paper helps to address this gap and provide a foundation for future research and development in this area. Moreover, the findings of this study may be useful to policy makers and legislators.
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Marcelin, Isaac, and Ike Mathur. "Financial development, institutions and banks." International Review of Financial Analysis 31 (January 2014): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2013.09.003.
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Barghathi, Yasser. "Financial reporting quality and earnings management in Libyan banks: stakeholders' perceptions." African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance 6, no. 3 (2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajaaf.2019.099137.
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Barghathi, Yasser. "Financial reporting quality and earnings management in Libyan banks: stakeholders' perceptions." African J. of Accounting, Auditing and Finance 6, no. 3 (2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ajaaf.2019.10020488.
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Prorokowski, Lukasz, and Hubert Prorokowski. "Organisation of compliance across financial institutions." Journal of Investment Compliance 15, no. 1 (February 27, 2014): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-12-2013-0041.
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Purpose – Compliance is defined as conforming to a rule, such as a policy framework, standard or law. Regulatory compliance encompasses all processes that require an entity to be aware of and conform to relevant regulations. As a result, organisation of compliance function remains complex due to the overwhelming set of compliance requirements that exert pressure on various business segments. This report aims to investigate how banks and financial services firms are responding to the regulatory-driven changes to the current compliance landscape, with particular attention paid to nascent challenges and structural changes affecting the organisation of compliance. Design/methodology/approach – The current research project is based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with five universal banks and three financial services firms to pursue the best practices of adapting to the accelerating change in the regulatory-driven compliance landscape. Findings – In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, banks and financial institutions across the globe have been required to adapt to numerous regulatory reforms that are exerting increased pressure on compliance functions. Amid recent events of multi-million fines to banks that displayed flawed surveillance systems and control failings, the changing regulatory landscape has shown that the relationship with the regulators and compliance with the new regulatory frameworks is a difficult process even for the tier-1 global banks. Originality/value – Embarking on a peer review of the structures, roles, strategies and responsibilities of different compliance functions across banks and financial services institutions, this paper provides advice to financial institutions on ways of dealing with the complex emerging issues to ensure that the regulatory and compliance arrangements do not turn detrimental. At this point, the paper recognizes that the precise design of a compliance function will vary across individual banks and financial services firms. Nonetheless, this paper addresses the root issues and characteristics that are commonly shared despite the differences in organisations of compliance.
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Calomiris, Charles W., and Mark Carlson. "Restoring confidence in troubled financial institutions after a financial crisis." Finance and Economics Discussion Series, no. 2022-044 (July 2022): 1–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.044.
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After an unprecedented number of banks suspended operations in the during Panic of 1893, the head regulator of banks chartered by the United States government allowed about 100 banks to reopen after certifying their solvency. We evaluate whether actions by bank owners to change management, contract with depositors to extend liability maturity structure, write off bad assets, and/or inject capital affected bank survival and deposit retention. This historical episode is particularly informative because there was no expectation of government intervention. We find that contracting with depositors provided short-term benefits while dealing with bad assets was key for long-run viability.
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Yuliana, Yuliana, Nurnasrina Nurnasrina, and Heri Sunandar. "Bank Syariah dan Hubungannya Dengan Lembaga Keuangan dan Bisnis Lainnya Di Indonesia." ISLAMIC BUSINESS and FINANCE 3, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ibf.v3i2.20167.
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This paper discusses Islamic banking and its relationship with financial institutions and other businesses in Indonesia. Banks and financial institutions have a role as a Financial Intermediaries whose function is to collect funds from the public and channel them back to those who need funds. The main activity of Islamic banks is to provide financing to customers, where these activities are related to other financial institutions. This research is library research (Library Research) with a thematic method. The results of this discussion state that Islamic banks, financial institutions, and other businesses have a close relationship, where they need each other in carrying out their operations.Keywords: Islamic Banks, Financial Institutions, Business
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Antonelli, Valerio, Nieves Carrera, and Christopher Napier. "Banks and financial institutions in historical perspective." CONTABILITÀ E CULTURA AZIENDALE, no. 1 (June 2018): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cca2018-001002.
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GENNAIOLI, NICOLA, ALBERTO MARTIN, and STEFANO ROSSI. "Sovereign Default, Domestic Banks, and Financial Institutions." Journal of Finance 69, no. 2 (March 17, 2014): 819–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12124.
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Shaikh, Samir Abid. "Islamic banks and financial institutions: a survey." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 17, no. 1 (April 1997): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602009708716362.
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Gouiaa, Raef, and Pierre-Richard Gaspard. "Islamic financial institutions: Performance comparison with Canadian banks." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 11, no. 3 (2021): 16–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv11i3p2.
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The Canadian financial market is considered to be very conservative and has been using the same practices for a long time. The economies of some countries such as England have adopted a strategy of including Islamic finance in their market and this has produced very satisfactory results. Considering that Islamic finance has been growing in recent years, this type of practice could be relevant to the Canadian market. The objective of this article is to analyze whether the performance of Islamic financial institutions is comparable to traditional banks. A comparison of the efficiency of conventional and Islamic banks will be important to determine because they do not operate in the same way and their primary source of income is different. The results revealed that Islamic banks tended to perform better than conventional banks. Performance ratios were in most cases higher for Islamic banks. This observation was confirmed with the use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model, which measures efficiency and effectiveness at the bank level. The results show that although some Islamic banks had significantly fewer assets than conventional banks, they were still able to use resources more efficiently. This confirmed that Islamic finance is an option for Canada and that with government support it will be possible to have a stronger economy overall.
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Boloupremo, Tarila, and Samson Ogege. "Mergers, Acquisitions and Financial Performance: A Study of Selected Financial Institutions." EMAJ: Emerging Markets Journal 9, no. 1 (August 5, 2019): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2019.162.
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The aim of the study is to examine the impact of mergers and acquisition on financial performance in the Nigerian financial system. The study examined selected financial institutions in the banking sector. Specifically, some financial indicators such as asset profile, credit risk, capital structure, liquidity, size and cost control ratios, were extracted from the audited financial reports of the selected banks for the period 2000-2010 to compare the performance of the selected financial institutions in the ex-ante period and compare these performance with the ex post period of their mergers and acquisitions. Longitudinal and time series analyses were employed to observe the performance of the selected banks. Results from the analysis suggest that credit risks showed a better post merger performance, but were statistically insignificant and negatively related with the performance of the selected financial institution pre-merger. Asset profile was found to be significant and positively related with post-merger in relation to the performance of the selected financial institutions, but it was insignificant and negatively related to the financial performance of the selected firms pre-merger. Capital structure of the selected firms was found to be significant and positively related to the performance of the firms’ pre-merger, but insignificant and negatively related to the performance of the firms post-merger. Liquidity of the firms indicated a significant and positive relationship with the performance of the banks pre-merger. However, post merger result indicates that, there was no significant and positive relationship between the liquidity of the firms and financial performance post-merger. The size of the selected banks indicated a significant relationship with their performance in both the pre-merger and post-merger periods. The cost control variable indicated a statistically significant and negative relationship with the performance of the banks post-merger period, but showed no significant relationship with performance of the banks in the pre-merger period. Finally, the results indicate that mergers and acquisitions can have significant impact on the performance of the selected financial institutions in Nigeria.
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Gjerstad, Steven D. "Bondholder reorganization of systemically important financial institutions." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 10, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-09-2017-0087.
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Purpose This paper aims to describe a resolution process for faltering financial firms that quickly allocates losses to bondholders and transfers ownership of the firm to them. This process overcomes the most serious flaws in resolution plans submitted by banks under Dodd–Frank Title I and in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) receivership procedure in Dodd–Frank Title II by restoring the balance sheet of a failing financial institution and immediately replacing the management and board of directors who allowed its demise. Design/methodology/approach Feasibility of the proposed resolution procedure is assessed by comparing long-term bonds outstanding for the largest American banks just before the 2008 crisis to the capital needed by these banks to restore their balance sheets after their losses prior to and during the crisis. Findings In almost all bank failures, this process would eliminate the need for government involvement beyond court certification of the reorganization. The procedure overcomes the serious incentive distortions and inefficiencies created by bailouts, and avoids the destruction of value and financial market turmoil that would result from the bankruptcies and liquidations that Dodd–Frank requires for distressed and failing banks. Originality/value Title II of the Dodd–Frank Act would require liquidation of any banks that enter into its resolution process. The case of Lehman Brothers indicates the severity of losses to investors that liquidation imposes and the disruption to financial markets and the economy. The procedure developed in this paper would avoid the disruptions that Dodd–Frank requires, preserving core functions of faltering financial firms and maintaining them as going concerns, even in a severe financial crisis.
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Gautam, Kedar Raj. "Financial Performance Analysis of Nepalese Financial Institutions in the Framework of CAMEL." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v9i1.35277.
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Analysis of financial performance to detect financial health of finance companies, development banks and commercial banks as a whole is a less explored research in Nepalese context. This paper, therefore, attempts to examine the financial performance and factors influencing financial performance of Nepalese financial depositary institutions in the framework of CAMEL. This study is based on descriptive cum casual research design. This study is based on secondary data which was extracted from various publications published by Nepal Rastra Bank such as banking and financial statistics, financial stability report and bank supervision report. All commercial banks, development banks, and finance companies are taken as population of the study. The study deals with financial performance analysis of entire population covering five years from 2014/15 to 2018/19. The variables such as capital adequacy, assets quality, management efficiency, earnings and liquidity are used to analyze financial performance. Descriptive as well as pooled regression analysis was used to assess the relationship among the variables. Descriptive analysis shows that financial institutions in each category meet NRB standard regarding capital adequacy. On the basis of capital adequacy and earnings, finance companies stand at first, on the basis of assets quality, development banks stand at first and on the basis of management efficiency, commercial banks stand at first. Finance companies store high liquidity as compared to other class financial institutions. The regression analysis shows that return on assets, ROA has significant positive relationship with capital adequacy and ROE but ROA has significant negative relationship with assets quality. However, return on equity, ROE has significant positive relationship with assets quality and ROA but ROE has significant negative relationship with capital adequacy. Capital adequacy and assets quality play major role to maximize ROA and ROE of financial institutions.
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Sharma, Narendra. "Disclosure regime for mandatory disclosures by banks and financial institutions in Nepal." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 3, no. 1 (February 16, 2013): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v3i1.2996.
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What are the components of the ‘disclosure regime’ in Nepal that require the mandatory disclosures by banks and financial institutions? The objective of this paper was to explore and trace the rules, regulations, and provisions governing disclosure by banks and finance companies listed on Nepal Stock Exchange. The banks and financial institutions had a two-pronged regulatory and monitoring regime requiring them to make disclosures: one as a financial institution and another as a public company. The disclosure regime comprised of accounting standards, directives from Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB), listing requirements of Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE), provisions of Companies Act 2006 and Banks and Financial Institutions Act 2006, and requirements placed by Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON). The study makes a significant contribution in understanding the disclosure expectations from banks and financial institutions in a developing country like Nepal.
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Liu, Hao, and Weilun Huang. "Sustainable Financing and Financial Risk Management of Financial Institutions—Case Study on Chinese Banks." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 8, 2022): 9786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159786.
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This study examines the relationship between sustainable financing and financial risk management of Chinese financial institutions, using data from Chinese banks. Financial risk management is a comprehensive measure of operating performance, asset quality and capital adequacy ratio. The structural vector auto-regression model determines the relationship between two variables. The positive shock of sustainable financing business negatively impacts the financial risk management of banks. In contrast, positive shock of banks’ financial risk management positively affects sustainable financing. Further subdivision of the sample revealed that sustainable financing does not always negatively impact the financial risk management of large state-owned banks. However, the positive shock of financial risk management reduces urban banks’ green credit proportions. The results are consistent whenever compared between the empirical outcome of the entire sample and the sample consisting of national joint stock bank accounts. This comparison helps eliminate the possibility of a biased outcome as a major portion of the sample is from a national joint-stock bank account. Apart from data limitations, the results of the sub-sample test are influenced due to the difference in deposit and loan interest rates, as well as different ownership structures of banks.
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Bashir, Adnan, Muhammad Waris Ali Khan, Mirza Rizwan Sajid, and Shahryar Sorooshian. "Basel accord capital regulations and financial risk management: Empirical evidence from Pakistan’s financial institutions." Accounting 9, no. 1 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2022.10.001.
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The Pakistani banking sector has shown tremendous growth in the last two decades and witnessed strategic reforms including the implementation of Basel regulations. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Basel capital regulations on the various proxies of the financial performance of the Pakistani commercial banks. This study uses three different proxies to assess the effectiveness of the Basel capital regulations on the financial performance of Pakistani commercial banks from 2006 to 2018 and quantifies the effect of different Basel accords on the banking sector of Pakistan using the dynamic panel data estimation technique. In addition, the effect of the Global Financial Crisis (2008) on the financial performance of Pakistani banks has also been evaluated. The results indicate that Basel II and Basel III capital regulations have affected the banks’ profitability differently. Capital regulations of Basel II have increased the performance while capital requirements of Basel III have not affected the financial performance of Pakistani banks, pointing towards the ineffectiveness of Basel III capital regulations. Besides, there has been no change observed in the financial performance of Pakistani banks during the Global Financial Crisis (2008). Overall, the results of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique show that Basel capital regulations enhance the financial performance of the Pakistani banking sector.
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Shatshat, Mohamed Ali Hussain IL, and Sohail Ahmed. "Information Technology Governance Linkage to the Financial Report Quality in Libyan Commercial Banks." International Journal of Business Society 3, no. 10 (October 20, 2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30566/ijo-bs/2019.104.
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GOLDMAN, ERIK L. "Banks, Other Financial Institutions Moving Into Health Care." Clinical Psychiatry News 36, no. 9 (September 2008): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-6644(08)70674-x.
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Andrianova, Svetlana, Panicos Demetriades, and Anja Shortland. "Government ownership of banks, institutions, and financial development." Journal of Development Economics 85, no. 1-2 (February 2008): 218–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.08.002.
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Sendjaja, Theodorus, Veithzal Rivai Zainal, Erna Sofriana Imaningsih, Lenny Christina Nawangsari, and Singmin Johanes Lo. "Digital Bank Transformation: Sustainable Innovation in Financial Institutions." Journal of World Science 1, no. 12 (December 9, 2012): 1118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.58344/jws.v1i12.136.
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Introduction: Bank digital transformation is a continuous innovation from conventional commercial banks to digital banks. The driving force in traditional retail banks to carry out sustainable innovation can be seen from the internal and external sides in the form of mutually supportive operations and strategies. In the face of competitive pressures, businesses in the financial services industry increasingly depend on innovation and sustainability to succeed and survive. The stress of business competition has made many banks worldwide close their branch offices in recent years. Method: This study is a literature study that collects theoretical references relevant to sustainable innovation in financial institutions, focusing on two main topics: sustainable digital technology innovation in Fintech and banks' digital transformation. Result: Fintech uses digital technology as a sustainable solution in offering financial inclusion services that are difficult for old players in the financial industry to fulfill. Fintech appears in peer-to-peer lending, virtual marketplaces and digital currencies. For the Bank's digital transformation, several regulations from the Financial Services Authority related to sustainable innovation must be complied with. Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 51/POJK.03/2017 concerning implementing Sustainable Finance for Financial Services Institutions, Issuers and Public Companies. Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 13/POJK.02/2018 concerning Digital Financial Innovation in the Financial Services Sector. Conclusion: The driving force in the Company to carry out sustainable innovation can be seen from the internal and external sides in the form of mutually supportive operations and strategies. The proposed digital transformation strategy for the Bank's continuous innovation is as follows: compliance with regulators, customer-centric, openness principles, and making digital a core value in business.
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Nestorov, Valentina. "Convergence in the Functioning of Banking and Nonbanking Financial Institutions in Serbia." Economic Themes 55, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 353–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ethemes-2017-0020.
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AbstractIn recent decades, the main characteristics of developed countries have been numerous changes in the banking industry, which led to the emergence of new trends. We are faced with the continuing trend of creating new banking products, as a result of the demands and desires of consumers, as well as stronger competition between banks and non-banking financial institutions. Due to increased competition, banks are losing a significant share of the financial market. Due to the new situation, banks are increasingly, in the context of their banking products, including newer services, in order to counter the competition of non-banking financial institution, i.e. banks are beginning to offer non-banking operations. In this way, banks engage in high-risk zone, which, if not directed in the right way can jeopardize banks’ operations. The aim of this writing is to highlight the importance of convergence of banking and non-banking financial institutions, which is still underdeveloped in the Serbian market. The purpose is to raise awareness with banks and other non-banking financial institutions that joint cooperation in reference to connectivity can bring benefits financially and in terms of increasing mutual trust of clients and suppliers of services. It could be beneficial to both banks and non-banking financial institutions as well as to final users - customers.
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Fotso, Bakam, and E. I. Edoun. "Critical Assessment of Banking Institutions in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 2(J) (May 18, 2017): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i2(j).1646.
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Banks play an important role in a country’s economy through investments, deposits and withdrawals. Many banking products are sold to clients to meet their financial needs and obligations. Their performances are therefore very critical in supporting socio economic development. Financial institutions still facing challenges linked to the lack of financial previsions through the use of financial tool that allows preventing financial distress. Banks are not always well-managed because managers lack capacity and the sound knowledge in dealing effectively with the analysis of risk and return and decision-making. The current study highlights and gives orientations on key performance indicators that bank can use to manage their financial conditions in advance in a sustainable manner. The major objective of this research is to critically assess the South African banks performance using Financial Ratio Analysis (FRA)and descriptive statistics through comparative financial statement analysis form 2010 to 2013 between“ the big four†South African banks. In using correlational analysis, the study aim to establish the link between exogenous and endogenous variables of bank performance. The results showed that FirstRand bank was the best achiever with a higher level of performance following by Standard bank, then Absa and Nedbank. Furthermore, it appears that there is a strong relationship between bank performance and bank size because the volume of assets represents the bigger source of bank incomes. This study opens door to further study including both large and small banks and a comparative analysis between two research methods. The paper is divided into five major sections.
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Fotso, Bakam, and E. I. Edoun. "Critical Assessment of Banking Institutions in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 2 (May 18, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i2.1646.
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Banks play an important role in a country’s economy through investments, deposits and withdrawals. Many banking products are sold to clients to meet their financial needs and obligations. Their performances are therefore very critical in supporting socio economic development. Financial institutions still facing challenges linked to the lack of financial previsions through the use of financial tool that allows preventing financial distress. Banks are not always well-managed because managers lack capacity and the sound knowledge in dealing effectively with the analysis of risk and return and decision-making. The current study highlights and gives orientations on key performance indicators that bank can use to manage their financial conditions in advance in a sustainable manner. The major objective of this research is to critically assess the South African banks performance using Financial Ratio Analysis (FRA)and descriptive statistics through comparative financial statement analysis form 2010 to 2013 between“ the big four” South African banks. In using correlational analysis, the study aim to establish the link between exogenous and endogenous variables of bank performance. The results showed that FirstRand bank was the best achiever with a higher level of performance following by Standard bank, then Absa and Nedbank. Furthermore, it appears that there is a strong relationship between bank performance and bank size because the volume of assets represents the bigger source of bank incomes. This study opens door to further study including both large and small banks and a comparative analysis between two research methods. The paper is divided into five major sections.
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Agustina, Kurnia, Heni Noviarita, Erike Anggraini, and Surono Surono. "SUKUK RATING AND FINANCIAL RATIO IN ISLAMIC BANKS." Tasharruf: Journal Economics and Business of Islam 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30984/tjebi.v6i1.1452.
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The sukuk rating in capital market world is important because it will be considered by investors in determining investment decisions, on the other hand, that the rating will provide relevant information regarding the companies that issue sukuk, which will be in accordance with the main purpose of the sukuk rating, namely reducing the information asymmetry of issuers and investors purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, leverage and productivity ratios on sukuk ratings in Islamic banking institutions issuing sukuk. By using purposive sampling from 14 Islamic banking institutions, 6 Islamic bank institutions were obtained as research samples in the 2015-2019 period, which were analyzed using multiple linear regression showing that only the productivity variable had a significant and positive influence on the rating of sukuk in Islamic banking institutions, although, with a positive coefficient, profitability does not have a significant effect on the sukuk rating, while the liquidity and leverage variables do not have a significant effect and form a negative relationship pattern on the sukuk rating in Indonesian Islamic banking institutions that issue sukuk.
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Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa. "From financial exclusion to financial inclusion through microfinance: the case of rural Zimbabwe." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 4 (2014): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i4c5p2.
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This paper sought to shed light on the status of rural banking and financial exclusion in Zimbabwe. Various reasons put forth by existing commercial banks were examined to understand why a large population of the country remains unbanked. These ranged from perceptions of the rural communities being too poor to need financial services to real economic and business decisions. Various literature on banking the poor and success stories from other countries were discussed in the literature. To meet the objectives of the study, data gathered from various individuals, commercial banks and microfinance institutions based in Matabeleland North was analysed. It was found that the rural population is in fact largely bankable. However, due to inadequate basic infrastructure in the rural areas, it did not make business sense for established banks to service that population. Banks exist to make a profit and the burden of ensuring financial inclusion of the rural population was left mainly to microfinance institutions which however faced a serious of challenges ranging.
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Adams, Zeno, Roland Füss, and Reint Gropp. "Spillover Effects among Financial Institutions: A State-Dependent Sensitivity Value-at-Risk Approach." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 49, no. 3 (May 30, 2014): 575–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109014000325.
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AbstractIn this paper, we develop a state-dependent sensitivity value-at-risk (SDSVaR) approach that enables us to quantify the direction, size, and duration of risk spillovers among financial institutions as a function of the state of financial markets (tranquil, normal, and volatile). For four sets of major financial institutions (commercial banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and insurance companies), we show that while small during normal times, equivalent shocks lead to considerable spillover effects in volatile market periods. Commercial banks and, especially, hedge funds appear to play a major role in the transmission of shocks to other financial institutions.
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Alekseevna Bunich, Galina, Yuriy Aleksandrovich Rovenskiy, Julia Tambievna Akhvlediani, and Elena Anatolievna Zvonova. "Conceptual Aspects of Development Banks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.27648.
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The development of national and regional economies in the conditions of financial and economic instability determines special conditions for the formation of financial resources.The innovative improvement of national economies of developing countries has substantiated active evolvement of financial institutions such as development banks.The formation and evolvement of development banks is going through a new phase. These are not the financial institutions that were formed by the metropolis countries after the collapse of the colonial system. They have different mission, goals, principles, methods and instruments.Modern development banks prioritize the issues of financing socio-economic projects, crediting traditional sectors of the economic activity, and, above all, the infrastructure development of regions, the construction of transport systems, and energy supply. Today one of the most important areas of the development banks’ credit activity is the formation of a loan portfolio for small and medium-sized businesses.With all the diversity of development banks substantiated by historical and economic characteristics of countries and regions, the UNO and the World Bank Group distinguish common features, principles and peculiarities. These peculiarities and unique functions of development banks are found in international standards that define a special status of development banks as financial institutions.
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Dec, Paweł, and Piotr Masiukiewicz. "Socially Responsible Financial Products as a Contribution of Financial Institutions to Sustainable Development." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 3067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063067.
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The article concerns the responsibility of financial institutions, primarily banks, for sustainable development and pro-ecological activities. The aim of the presented study is to identify the scope of activities of financial institutions in the field of sustainable development. What roles could banks have in contributing to sustainable development by offering socially responsible financial products? The authors conducted both quantitative research on a random group of Polish managers and a Delphi study on a group of several dozen experts, former members of the government, and bank presidents. The main results of the research indicate a 78% support among Polish managers for the activities of enterprises in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. More than 60% of the experts surveyed said that offering socially responsible financial products by banks is a growing trend in the economy. Moreover, two-thirds of the study’s participants think that such products are to be characterized by lower fees and margins than other standard financial products. Examples of the most frequently mentioned and expected products include those related to the development of green energy and eco-innovations or waste disposal. The results of the conducted research clearly indicate the need for financial institutions or banks to offer socially responsible financial products, which should become a part of their development strategies.
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Qabrati, Isuf. "Risk Management in Banking Sector: Empirical Data from Commercial Banks in Kosovo." PRIZREN SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32936/pssj.v3i1.71.
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Financial institutions are an important source of financial system functioning of a country and include banks, pension funds, insurance companies, microfinance institutions, and so on. While the risk of financial institutions presents their ability to lose, consequently the change of the actual cash flow from the planned one. Among the major risks facing financial institutions are credit risk, market risk, operational risk and liquidity risk.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the risk management in financial institutions by making a survey with the banking sector, which accounts for most of the financial activities. For this reason, eight financial indicators are used to calculate the financial performance of the eight commercial banks involved in the research, which operate in Kosovo, taking into account the last two years of their operation. From the data derived from these indicators, using the One-Way ANOVA analysis, differences between banks were investigated according to their performance. As a result, it has been found that there are significant differences between banks according to liquidity risk, credit risk, equity risk and profitability risk. In addition, a linear regression model was also performed, which shows that the change in the return on equity (ROE) depends almost entirely on the change in the other seven indicators included.
Key words: Commercial Banks,Risks, Liquidity, Credit, Equity, Profitability.
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Sidak, Volodymyr, and Yana Koval. "ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC SAFETY OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS ON THE STATE LEVEL: PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION." Європейський науковий журнал Економічних та Фінансових інновацій, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32750/2018-0203.
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The development of the economy directly depends on the state of the banking system, financing and servicing of enterprises by banking institutions. A prerequisite for this is to ensure a stable financial position of banks, which is the main task of both their owners and the regulator of the banking sector. In transition economies with poorly developed financial markets, in most cases, banks are the only institutions that form the necessary information for financial intermediation, provide diversification of financial resources, reduce the level of risk of financial activity, and promote the implementation of leading standards of corporate governance. Even in economically developed countries, banks remain centers of financial and economic activity, while taking a special place among financial institutions as instruments of making credit investments, creating savings and ensuring payments. In addition, stability is extremely important given the functions of financial intermediation, the provision of cash flow, customer satisfaction in financial services, the efficient allocation of credit resources and the maintenance of financial discipline among borrowers. In transition economies with poorly developed financial markets, in most cases, banks are the only institutions that form the necessary information for financial intermediation, provide diversification of financial resources, reduce the level of risk of financial activity, and promote the implementation of leading standards of corporate governance. Even in economically developed countries, banks remain centers of financial and economic activity, while taking a special place among financial institutions as instruments of making credit investments, creating savings and ensuring payments. In the article, the directions of improvement of the mechanism of state regulation of anti-crisis management by the economic security of banking institutions of Ukraine are systematized by systematizing the main measures, which are united in the main directions, in particular such as: the period of implementation; by the entities that implement them; on the mechanisms of implementation; by types of banking activity.
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Didenko, Liudmyla, Inna Kobzar, and Iryna Khanaliieva. "ANALYSIS OF NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ACTIVITY AS PARTICIPANTS OF MODERN FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET." Economic Analysis, no. 28(4) (2018): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2018.04.088.
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Banking system, that is, the National Bank of Ukraine, other banks and branches of foreign banks operating in the country, is the basis of the Ukrainian credit system. However, non-bank financial and credit institutions play an important role in the financial services market. Today they provide quite a wide range of services and thus become serious competitors for banks. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of the activities of non-bank financial and credit institutions and their role in the economic growth of the state is an urgent problem for investigation. The article assesses the activities of the main non-bank financial institutions. The main indicators of the effectiveness of non-banking financial institutions in the context of the main segments of the modern financial services market are analysed. The problems that impede the development of the insurance services market, the non-state pension insurance market and the Lombard loan market are identified. It is concluded that it is an urgent necessary to solve the system problems in the financial services market in order to ensure its effective and stable operation in the future.
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Dziuba, Dariusz T. "INITIATIVES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL CROWDFUNDING SYSTEMS IN THE FINANCIAL GROUP OF GERMAN SAVINGS AND VOLKS- RAIFFEISEN BANKS." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 4 (July 11, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.945.
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Purpose of the Study: The subject of consideration is crowdfunding as an innovative method of acquiring sponsors for the implementation of projects. The considerations were devoted to the initiatives of the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe and the Volks-Raiffeisen banks in the implementation of regional crowdfunding systems in these banks. The aim of the research was to answer the following question: what are the sizes (in terms of value and quantity) of the analyzed market sub-segment and its specificity. Methodology: Crowdfunding platforms were identified at individual savings banks and VR banks. The data was searched on internet resources, supported by, inter alia, lists of such financial institutions. The final data was obtained directly from the websites of financial institutions, or they were aggregated. The research was carried out at the turn of May and June 2021, with data verification as of June 7, 2021.Main Findings: The article explores a specific market segment in Germany - savings banks and Volks-Raiffeisen banks that implement donation crowdfunding platforms. The scope of implementation of such systems was determined by identifying individual analyzed financial institutions. Methods of project co-financing by banks were highlighted. The value of accumulated financial resources (capital) and the scope of project implementation were measured, separating the size of the market sub-segment under study. The examined systems collectively obtained a relatively large amount, over EUR 86.3 million.
Applications of the Study: The presented article relates to the use of crowdfunding methods in selected financial institutions: German savings banks and VR banks. This implies considerations in several scientific fields, incl. economics and finance (the possibility of measuring the market segment; the specificity of banks' operation), IT (in economic applications), or sociology (relations between donors / sponsors and financial institutions).
Novelty / Originality of this Study: Scientific literature on the use of crowdfunding in financial institutions, in particular the measurement of the size of this market segment, is practically non-existent. Thus, getting to know the specifics and distinguishing in this article the size (in terms of value and quantity) of the crowdfunding sub-segment in German savings banks and VR banks, although partial, seems promising. This opens a pool of further studies in this area with the possibility of comparing them.
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Loser, Peter. "Financial Crisis – The Liability of Banking Institutions." Journal of European Tort Law 4, no. 2 (August 2013): 128–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jetl-2013-0012.
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AbstractThis article outlines what roles the banks have played in the subprime crisis and whether liability for damages sustained may be incurred. Apart from the conventional responsibility of banks towards their clients within the framework of wealth management or advisory services, the particular issue of possible liability for the creation and placement of investment products on the market is explored. Many questions which remain unanswered or are barely discussed are raised in the article. Independently of prospectus liability arising under specific legislative provision, is there a general tortious responsibility for providing incorrect information in connection with the issuing of securities? Is strict liability for the creation of dangerous products a realistic alternative – or supplement – to liability based on fault? Can individuals or institutions who were only indirectly involved as secondary victims claim compensation? In addition to the grounds of liability, other delicate legal questions are addressed, particularly relating to causation. For instance, it may not be clear whether an error in information or rather general market euphoria was the decisive factor in the investment decision. If, moreover, one wanted to extend liability to a large number of persons involved, the causal contributions of the individual banks may barely be determinable and could well be minimal. This leads to the question of whether procedural law is capable of dealing with such cases of loss.
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Azhar, M. Elfi, Syuhada Fela Yudha, Sugianto, and Iskandar Muda. "Supervision Effectiveness DPS Deep Sharia Governance and Guarantee in Sharia Banking in Indonesia." Best Journal of Administration and Management 1, no. 1 (July 31, 2022): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56403/bejam.v1i1.22.
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Islamic banking, an indicator of the development of the Islamic economy in Indonesia, where if the Indonesian people are asked about the Islamic economy, then the first thing to highlight is Islamic banking. Currently, the increase in Islamic financial institutions such as Islamic banks has increased significantly. Banuak people who are currently starting to believe in sharia mining lemabags, even so Islamic banks must continue to supervise products in Islamic banks. In the development of Islamic financial institutions, it is certainly inseparable from the Sharia Supervisory Board, which is one of the characteristics compared to conventional banks. Sayriah financial institutions have DPS in governance, where this DPS has a function to supervise the application of sharia principles in each product, besides that DPS must also supervise sharia guarantees, both from the guarantee mechanism to the execution of guarantee collection carried out by Islamic financial institutions.
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Elmawazini, Khaled, Khiyar Abdullah Khiyar, and Asiye Aydilek. "Types of banking institutions and economic growth." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 13, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-09-2018-0304.
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Purpose This paper aims to compare the effects of Islamic and commercial banks on economic growth among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries during 2001–2009 (before and during the financial crisis) and 2010–2017 (after the financial crisis). Design/methodology/approach The authors use a cross-sectionally correlated and timewise autoregressive (CCTA) model. The authors also extend the theoretical endogenous growth model developed by Pagano (1993) by introducing the developments in Islamic and commercial financial markets. Findings The authors find that Islamic banks fueled economic growth more than conventional banks before and after the financial crisis. The authors conclude that finance is a major determinant of economic growth, but finance does not follow economic growth. The results show that the ethical principles of Islamic finance can positively affect economic growth. Originality/value The authors contribute to the empirical literature first by examining feedback causality and cointegration between the banking sector and economic growth by examining the impact of the interaction between the banking sector and rule of law on economic growth in the GCC countries instead of a single country, second by providing both of the theoretical and empirical analysis and third by distinguishing between Islamic and conventional banks.
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ALAMODI, Mohammed Aboud. "SAUDI GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK AND ITS ROLE IN STRENGTHENING AND INDEPENDENCE OF LEGAL ORGANIZATIONS." Rimak International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (May 1, 2022): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.17.19.
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Worldwide, there is a dramatic increase in the Islamic banks that provides different finance and investment services. According to one article there are 390 banks and Financial institutions in 48 countries around the world with financial assets of more than trillion dollars. At the same time, they are committed to not use usurious transactions and other forbidden transactions. There is no way to control it and safe its workflow except by governance and legal organizations. Therefore, that's will lead to earn the trust of shareholders and the concerned in the financial institutions. Moreover, legitimacy authority is one of the main content to control companies in Islamic financial institutions. Keywords: Legal Organizations, Saudi Governance, Islamic Banks.
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Melis, Melis. "Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Insani dalam Memasarkan Produk dan Jasa Lembaga Keuangan Syariah." Islamic Banking : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pengembangan Perbankan Syariah 5, no. 1 (August 23, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36908/isbank.v5i1.65.
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This research discusses the management of human resources in marketing the products and services of Islamic financial institutions. The results of this study prove that Islamic banks and financial institutions in Indonesia are developing very fast. However, the image of banks and Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia is not good. For this reason, several policies in managing Islamic financial institutions need to be addressed. One of them is the aspect of human resources. An employee of a bank and an Islamic financial institution that is accepted must have a good personality, an expert in muqalah fiqh, knowledge of Islamic financial institutions, computers / IT and so on. They must be people who support strongly to practice Islamic economics in their lives.
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Lestari, Dini Maulana, M. Roif Muntaha, and Immawan Azhar BA. "Peran Bank Syariah: Menuju Perekonomian Masyarakat Madani." Mabsya: Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Syariah 1, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/mabsya.v1i2.3461.
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Islamic banks are present in the community as financial institutions whose activities are based on the principles of Islamic law for the benefit of the people. This study aims to determine the strategic role of Islamic Banks as financial service institutions, the importance of the existence of Islamic Banks and Islamic-based markets and financial instruments in them. In its development, Islamic banks have a role as institutions that turn on public funds, channel funds to the public, transfer assets, liquidity, reallocation of income and transactions. In the Indonesian economic system, the existence of Islamic Banks is important as an alternative solution to the problem of conflict between bank interest and usury. Islamic financial markets and instruments provide a free society of interest and follow a different set of principles. Distribution of profit/ loss according to evidence of participation in the management fund. The division of rental income in the form of musharaka.
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Kiwango, Archibald Aristarch, and Nyamwero Bwire Nyamwero. "Recovery of Debts Due to Banks: A Need for Debts Recovery Tribunal and Securitisation Law in Tanzania - A Leaf Plucked from Indian and UK Jurisprudence." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 1, no. 1 (October 16, 2022): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/ijfa.1.1.891.
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Like any other developing countries, Banks are the foundation of the Government's financial sector in Tanzania. They have been playing a positive role in promoting the country's economy. So, the development of banking institutions is one of the essential ingredients that play a crucial role in stimulating the financial institution's development and economic growth simultaneously in Tanzania. Banks and financial institutions at present experience considerable difficulties in recovering loans and enforcement of securities charged within them. The existing procedure for recovery of debts due to banks and financial institutions has blocked a significant portion of their funds in productive asserts, the value of which deteriorates with the passage of time, in this context therefore, Effective legal machinery and timely dispute resolution mechanisms between banks and customers are necessary for the growth of the banking sector. This article, therefore, is devoid of substantiating the need for a specialized Tribunal for recovery of debts due to Banks in Tanzania jurisdiction and the need for securitization Law.
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Vousinas, Georgios L. "Supervision of financial institutions." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 23, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 383–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-02-2015-0011.
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Purpose – This paper aims to highlight the new regulatory framework established by Basel III. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides a critical review of the existing literature concerning bank supervision while providing an overview of the transition from Basel I to Basel III rules and critical appraisal of the current regulatory framework. Review of the existing literature. Findings – Basel III introduces new measures in favor of bank stability and in order to mitigate the propagation of financial shocks. But on the other hand the new regulatory framework adds an extra burden to banks’ business plans affecting credit policies and thus the real economy. Another issue that is not properly addressed is the rising of financial innovations that are able to pass by the new regulations. Overall Basel III rules are moving to the right direction but need to stay always up-to-date in order to catch up with the modern ever-evolving financial system. Pros and cons. Need for improvement. Originality/value – The paper presents an up-to-date review of Basel rules with future prospects.
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Folwarski, Mateusz. "Wpływ fuzji i przejęć banków w Polsce na wynagrodzenie kadry zarządzającej." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 111 (October 14, 2015): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2015.111.32.
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Remuneration of managers in financial institutions during the financial crisis 2007–2009 was subject to strong criticism. High wages often did not depend on the economic situation of the banks. This paper analyses the level of wages in Polish banks in years 2004–2013. Particular attention was paid to the moment of the merger/acquisition of a financial institution. Annual total remuneration of management of the financial institutions were analysed, as well as annual total remuneration of the presidents of the banks. It was revealed that the wages have risen significantly, particularly in banks PEKAO S.A. and BPH S.A. after taking over part of BPH S.A. by a strategic Italian investor of the bank PEKAO S.A.
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Köster, Hannes, and Matthias Pelster. "Financial penalties and banks’ systemic risk." Journal of Risk Finance 19, no. 2 (March 19, 2018): 154–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-04-2017-0069.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of financial penalties on the stability of the banking sector. Design/methodology/approach A unique database of 671 financial penalties imposed on 68 international listed banks between 2007 and 2014 and a fixed-effects panel data approach were used. Findings The results show that financial penalties increase banks’ systemic risk exposure but do not significantly affect banks’ contribution to systemic risk. Additionally, the link between financial penalties and systemic risk exposure is weaker in regulatory and supervisory systems with more prompt corrective power among national authorities. By contrast, supervisory authorities’ stronger power to declare insolvency and a greater external monitoring culture exacerbate the positive effects of financial penalties on systemic risk exposure. Practical implications The punishment of misconduct should correct the social harm and prevent future misconduct while ensuring the banking system’s stability. Therefore, authorities should punish misconduct by implementing penalties against the financial institutions at a specific amount that offsets the damages of misconduct but does not threaten systemic stability. Penalties against institutions may be complemented by financial penalties against upper management to induce a more responsible culture in banks. Originality/value This paper is the first to study the effect of financial penalties on the stability of the financial system. The results contribute to the ongoing debate on the appropriateness of financial penalties and address the question of whether bank regulators reduce or contribute to banks’ systemic risk.
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Yushko, Igor. "The overall efficiency of the major banks in the global financial instability." Banks and Bank Systems 11, no. 4 (December 9, 2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.11(4).2016.06.
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The urgency of the issue is due to the change of major banks functioning conditions in accordance with permanent risks, that global financial instability bears, fiscal and monetary regulation enforcement on national financial markets and from the side of supernational institutions of global financial market regulation. The aim of the paper is the research of overall efficiency of the major banks in the global financial instability. The comparative analysis of overall and individual meanings of bank products and services (earnings) sales values, net profit, assets volume, market value of major banks in researched years gave the possibility to find the tendencies of banks development taking into account global financial instability influence and institutional and regulatory foundations of national governments implementation, Financial stability council (created in Ukraine) and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The conditions of major global banks functioning are changing under the influence of financial supervision and institutional and regulatory requirements enforcement to banks activity financial parameters. Other factor that provokes global banks towards activity strategy change is the growth of competition both in bank sphere and non-banking institutions in connection to possibilities provided by financial innovations. The directions of further researches lie in global banking effectiveness finding in a whole from the point of view of not separate banks, or group of banks, but global banking system, which, to our mind, has already been formed. Keywords: global financial instability, effectiveness, major banks, global banking, bank efficiency. JEL Classification: F33, Е58, G21
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Spahiu, Naim. "Financial Institutions Involved in the Bankruptcy and Liquidation Process in Kosovo." European Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme-2019.v2i2-71.
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In modern states, economic system of state it function through financing institutions. So, financing system plays an important role in business and economic activities. Bankrupty and liquidation process in finance sector in Kosovo has intended avoiding the failure of the economic enterprise and its one of the important cases in finance direction. Therefore, studies of this form shows a big interes from scientific researcher in our state and wider. This paper is focused in bankrupty and liquidation process of finance institutions, studing the most important elements of bankrupty and liquidation process in out place and region. Research model gives a visual describe of research and this topic elaborates very well. Financing institution are registered and licensed from CBK and it consisting of: Banks, Pension Funds, Ensurance Companies, microfinancial institutions and other nonbank financial institutions. Central Bank of Kosovo (CBK) has executive responsibilities for licensing/ registering and monitoring financial institutions such as: banks, ensurance company, pension funds, microfinancial institutions, nonbank financing institutions and other legal subjects that exercising financial activity with Kosovo legislation.As th bankrupty process starts ealry, by taking signals from financial indicators, research preliminarly do actual evaluation of finance statements of financial institutions. The purpose of this paper is to give general frame of bankrupty and liquidation of financial institutions in Kosovo. Financial performance measurement which is thought to be a model of performance is limited with CAMEL model for banks and Dupont model for other financial institutions. Excepted of those, research is a subject of only financial institutions in Kosovo, so it could not be generalized.
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Meutia, Inten, and Mohamad Adam. "A New Sharia Governance Framework for Islamic Banks in Indonesia." Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 56, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 198–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.2.16.
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This research proposes a new framework of sharia governance for Islamic Banks in Indonesia. The research adopted an analytical approach to compare sharia governance concepts based on Accounting, Audit Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions and Islamic Financial Services Board and PBI no 11/33/2009. The author proposed a more comprehensive conceptual framework based on Accounting, Audit Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions, Islamic Financial Services Board, and BI guidelines. The contribution of this research was to provide a more comprehensive governance framework for financial institutions in Indonesia. This framework was expected to improve the practice of governance of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. Based on researchers' best knowledge, there were no studies that had tried to compare these guidelines. Therefore, it was necessary to compare them to find out if there are variations between the suggestions provided by the guidelines.
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Gupta, Saloni. "Small Finance Banks: The Big Institutional Move in Banking and Financial Inclusion Arena." VEETHIKA-An International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 1, no. 3 (December 31, 2015): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/veethika.2015.01.03.002.
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A vibrant banking policy should facilitate the evolution and growth of banks and micro credit institutions, which focus on low income households, agriculturalists, tiny and small scale industries and underbanked citizens aiming at self-employment and entrepreneurship. These institutions should include such specialist institutions as may be promoted by voluntary action, private enterprise or NGOs for meeting the banking needs of the poor or small players. In the contemporary policy, ‘differentiated banks’ serving niche interests, local area banks, payment banks etc. are contemplated to meet credit and remittance needs of small businesses, unorganized sector, low income households, farmers and migrant work force. Small Finance Banks, to whom licences have recently been issued by the RBI, are a step in this direction.
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Siswadi, Siswadi, and Moh Nashiruddin Amin. "Analisis Produk Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (Kajian Karakteristik Produk Mudlarabah dan Murabahah Pada Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah)." Ummul Qura: Jurnal Institut Pesantren Sunan Drajat (INSUD) Lamongan 15, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55352/uq.v15i2.164.
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Islam prohibits the practice of usury and the accumulation of wealth only by certain parties unfairly. In practical terms, the form of service products and services, the basic principles of the relationship between financial institutions and customers, as well as lawful ways of doing business in Islamic financial institutions, still need to be widely disseminated to the general public. Islamic financial institutions bridge between parties who need funds and parties who have excess funds through financial products and services in accordance with sharia principles that have different characteristics from conventional financial institutions. Syari'ah financial institutions have different characteristics from conventional banks. These characteristics are universal and qualitative. Syari'ah banks operate which must meet these characteristics. Products in Islamic financial institutions can be divided into three major parts, namely: products for raising funds, channeling funds and providing services. The existing products are adapted to the needs of the existing community.
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DOĞANAY, M. METE, NILDAĞ BAŞAK CEYLAN, and RAMAZAN AKTAŞ. "PREDICTING FINANCIAL FAILURE OF THE TURKISH BANKS." Annals of Financial Economics 02, no. 01 (June 2006): 0650005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495206500059.
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Banks are the most important financial institutions in Turkey because other financial institutions are not developed efficiently yet. Turkish banks experienced financial difficulties and a substantial amount of banks failed in the past. This event urged the government to initiate measures to prevent banks from getting into financial difficulties. As a result of these measures, Turkish banking system currently seems to be very attractive for the foreign investors willing to invest in this sector. One of the main concerns of the foreign investors is a possibility of a new banking crisis although it is very remote at this time. The purpose of this study is to develop early warning systems predicting the financial failure at least three years ahead of financial failure date. A number of multivariate statistical models such as multiple regression, discriminant analysis, logit, probit are used. We found that the most appropriate model is logit. The significant variables obtained from the models explain very well the causes of the bank failures. Our models can be used to assist interested parties to predict the probability of financial failure of Turkish banks.