Academic literature on the topic 'Library catalogs Use studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Dali, Keren, and Lana Alsabbagh. "Learning about translators from library catalog records: implications for readers’ advisory." New Library World 116, no. 5/6 (May 11, 2015): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-07-2014-0091.
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Purpose – The purpose of this article is to make public librarians aware of the wealth of information about translators that is contained in bibliographic records of their own library catalogs so they could use this information for the benefit of readers’ advisory (RA) work involving translated titles. Design/methodology/approach – The article uses the method of bibliographic data analysis based on 350 selected translated fiction titles (and 2,100 corresponding catalog records) from six large Canadian public libraries. Findings – As the results demonstrate, enhanced bibliographic catalog records deliver a wide spectrum of information about translators, which can be used by public libraries to provide more informed and insightful reading advice and to make more sensible purchasing decisions with regard to translated fiction. Practical implications – The study shows how the most readily available tool – a library catalog with its enhanced bibliographic records – can be utilized by public librarians for improving RA practices. It focuses on the rarely discussed translated fiction, demonstrates a sample methodological approach and makes suggestions for implementing this approach by busy public librarians in real-life situations. Originality/value – No recent studies that have investigated enhanced catalog records have dealt with translated fiction. Moreover, while authors/writers are often in the focus of RA studies, translators are often left behind the scenes, despite their crucial role in bringing international fiction to English-speaking readers.
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Shapkalova, Svetla, and Georgeta Nazarska. "Use of Electronic Resources in Teaching Religion in Higher Education: Best Practices from the SULSIT, Bulgaria." Central European Journal of Educational Research 2, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37441/cejer/2020/2/2/7914.
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This paper describes actually methodical attempts to use library electronic resources in academic education. Some opportunities for improving the teaching of religious cultural heritage and for diversify the methods of assessment of students in Bulgarian universities are commented. The text describes the personal experience of the authors with students of 3rd-4th grades from the State University of Library Studies and IT (SULSIT), Bulgaria. Among the “best practices” are tasks of performing on-line survey of digital resources of periodicals from the digital resources of the “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” National Library, of making content analysis of the database on a particular subject, of preparing bibliographic descriptions of the new discovered resources, of writing historical analyses, of generating thematic bibliographies on topics related to religion, using the resources of the electronic catalogs of regional public libraries in the country.
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Khalafova, Sevda Abasgulu gizi. "Electronic reference and bibliographic sources in universal scientific libraries as a basis of social development." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 3 (February 24, 2022): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2203-03.
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The article discusses the issue of changing the structure and expanding the content of the reference and bibliographic apparatus of the library (RBA) in connection with the widespread use of electronic bibliographic sources. The instructions for bibliographic databases or traditional library catalogs, electronic media, and information resources as part of an electronic RBA are considered. The RBA composition is studied in accordance with modern requirements, and the resources that make up the RBA composition are also involved in the study. The experience of universal scientific libraries is analyzed.
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Dalton, Margaret Stieg, and Laurie Charnigo. "Historians and Their Information Sources." College & Research Libraries 65, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 400–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.65.5.400.
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This article reports on a survey of historians and a citation analysis undertaken to revisit the questions treated in Margaret F. Stieg’s 1981 article published in College & Research Libraries. It examines which materials historians consider to be the most important and how they discover them. Their attitudes toward and use of electronic materials were also studied. Many characteristics of historians’ information needs and use have not changed in a generation: informal means of discovery like book reviews and browsing remain important, as does the need for comprehensive searches. Print continues to be the principal format. What has changed is that the advent of electronic resources has increased historians’ use of catalogs and indexes in their efforts to identify appropriate primary and secondary sources of information.
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Ardiani, Farida. "Online Public Access Catalogue: Factors Affecting Use E-Catalog." IJID (International Journal on Informatics for Development) 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ijid.2020.09206.
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Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) is one of the e-catalog information technologies applied in libraries. OPAC is a library information retrieval system that can be accessed online. State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta has been using OPAC since 2012 and OPAC users are increasing from year to year. An information system will be used by users if it suits their needs. The successful implementation of OPAC raises questions about the factors that influence this success. For this reason, this study aims to determine the factors that influence users to use OPAC. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a multivariate statistical technique which is a combination of factor analysis and regression analysis (correlation) which aims to examine the relationships between variables in a model. Processing using SEM will be carried out to find the relationship between the variables to be tested, which variables are interconnected, and are there any unrelated variables. The results of processing the variables using SEM can show what variables attract users to use the e-catalog. Acceptance of information systems can be measured by several evaluation models that have been developed at this time. There are many evaluation models used to measure. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is the appropriate model to use for this study, because this study is about the acceptance of a system. In addition, several previous studies used by researchers as references also used TAM as their study method to assess user acceptance of a system. This study modifies TAM, which is used to determine user acceptance of an information system, by adding three exogenous variables, information quality, perceived enjoyment, and user interface. Results of this study proved that information quality, user interface, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and behavioral intention to use, are all factors that influence the actual use of OPAC. Perceived enjoyment is a variable that cannot be proved affects the actual use of OPAC.
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Dovbnya, Elena V. "Problems of Subject Retrieval in the Electronic Catalogue of Scientific Library: Review of Studies." Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science] 69, no. 4 (November 6, 2020): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2020-69-4-367-374.
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Scientific libraries use different approaches and tools for subject retrieval. Issues related to electronic subject retrieval are widely discussed in the library community. The purpose of this review is to analyse publications of recent years on the aspects and problems related to subject retrieval in electronic catalogue (EC). For its preparation, the author used publications (and references to them) taken from the national bibliographic database — the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI); the time coverage is 2003—2019. Particular attention in the studies is focused on the need to combine different information retrieval languages (IRL), thesauruses, subject headings and keywords to ensure effective and multi-aspect search. Since the domestic libraries have accumulated a lot of experience in indexing and retrieval through hierarchical classifications (UDC and LBC), it is necessary to use this at the full extent in the electronic subject retrieval. The authors of the recent studies on subject retrieval consider being the most effective the functioning of classification systems as part of the complex of linguistic tools of electronic catalogue. In the electronic environment, it becomes possible to use classification indexes as a set of characters that maximally reflect the content of the document, what involves the use of all fragments of the index as independent retrieval elements. However, the lexical composition of the classification information retrieval languages needs to be modified for effective use in the electronic catalogue. The main directions here can be as follows: unification of the structure and vocabulary of classification schedules, optimization of the structure of classification systems (using facetization principles), as well as formalization of the use of grammar tools, (it is necessary to ensure the unambiguity of their interpretation in the electronic catalogue). The review presents and analyses the areas where the subject retrieval has been developed in the electronic environment for over the past 16 years. For example, there has been developed and is being implemented the superstructure over Universal Decimal Classification (Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences), which allows users of the library to remotely conduct full-fledged subject retrieval. The paper also presents the new developments by the Russian State Library on subject retrieval, in particular, the project “Presentation of classification metadata of electronic libraries using linked data technology”. The author concludes that it is necessary to form a common space of related open data of various libraries.
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Borji, Samaneh, Amir Reza Asnafi, and Maryam Pakdaman Naeini. "A Comparative Study of Social Media Data Archiving Software." Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture 51, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2022-0013.
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Abstract The importance and growth of the amount of data available on social media have made organizations use Social Media Data Archiving Software (SMDAS) to collect and archive their data. This study compares the features of three SMDAS: ArchiveSocial, Pagefreezer, and Smarsh. First, by surveying the developers’ websites and catalogs, the features of all three software products are identified and classified into four areas. After using statistical methods and the Chi-square test, significant differences among features of the software in each domain are investigated. “Access to deleted records,” “automatic archiving,” “archiving of native formats,” “archive categorization,” “archive sharing,” “simple and advanced search,” “online service,” and “advanced discovery and monitoring functions” were the shared features. A significant difference was noted in the domain of security and data preservation, with Pagefreezer software offering more features than the other two software. In the other areas, no significant difference was observed. Knowledge of SMDAS can help librarians and other information professionals choose and use it wisely. Comparing features may also benefit companies that are developing SMDAS. The literature suggests to use the studied software; nevertheless, few studies discussed the software’s features in detail. This article has made a valuable contribution to comparing the software’s features.
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Shcherbyna, Nadiia. "Libraries and their activities in the context of historical and local history development in the region." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, no. 4 (342) (2021): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-4(342)-176-187.
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The article reveals the historical and local history activities of the libraries of the Odessa region in the second half of the 40s – 80s XX century. The analysis of this activity indicates that despite the great difficulties (the residual principle of financing culture, and the weak material and technical base of libraries), they have become real centers of local history work in the region. During this period, libraries have accumulated a significant bibliographic base on local history issues, acquired extensive experience in working with local history research. In the development of library local lore, an important role was played by bibliographers of local lore of Odessa scientific libraries. Thanks to their activities, a local history fund was collected in almost every library, catalogs and card indexes were created, which included numerous materials on various local history topics. That is why libraries performed the social functions of education and culture units and became centers of local history. However, the regional studies of the regional libraries require further in-depth study, because by that time they, acting as regional information centers, were engaged in the search, storage and provision of local history literature for public use. The development of library local lore in the region was negatively affected by those general tendencies of social life arising from the very nature of the then totalitarian regime.
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Warren, Ruby Muriel Lavallee. "Parents of Young Children Select Picture Books Based on Information Not Found in Bibliographic Records." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 11, no. 3 (September 26, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8x051.
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A Review of:
Švab, K. & Žumer, M. (2015). The value of a library catalog for selecting children's picture books. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 53(7), 717-737. doi: 10.1080/01639374.2015.1044059
Objective – To determine how parents select picture books for their children, and which bibliographic data are important when selecting a specific version of a title with multiple interpretations.
Design – Qualitative, with interviews and task-based controlled observational studies.
Setting – A public library in Slovenia.
Subjects – 36 parents of children between one and 6 years of age.
Methods – The researchers recruited parents via convenience sampling in non-library, family-oriented locations (parks, playgrounds, beaches, and others). Participants were all interviewed regarding their methods of picture book selection and their use of library catalogues. Participants were then given six print bibliographic records for copies of Cinderella, available in libraries, and asked to select a book for their child based solely on these records. They were then presented with their selection and interviewed regarding their satisfaction with the book selected and their decision-making process. Finally, the researchers presented participants with all six physical copies of the book that had been represented by bibliographic records, and asked participants to select one of the books for their child. The researchers then interviewed participants regarding what information about the physical books should be included in records to assist in their decision-making.
Main Results – Interviews indicated that the majority of participants did not use the library catalogue to select books for their children, and did not expect librarian or bookseller assistance. Many participants expressed browsing behaviours as the primary method of obtaining new picture books, and the strongest criteria for picture book selection among participants were subjective judgements regarding illustrations and content. However, when asked to use just bibliographic records to select a version of Cinderella, most participants selected a title using the author field and year of publication. 67% of participants were then dissatisfied with their selection due to factors such as illustration type, font size, and length or complexity of text. When choosing from all six physical copies, most participants disregarded condition issues and selected the oldest edition, favouring its colourful illustrations and textual length.
Conclusions – The authors concluded that illustrations and book content were more important than other factors, including physical condition of the book, and that existing library catalogues were inadequate for picture book selection. They suggested that library catalogues should include further information about picture books, such as cover images, sample pages, book condition, and information about the type of text (whether it is the original, abridged, or an adaptation). They supported this by explaining that participants used the bibliographic fields already available (author, year of publication) to try and guess at what they actually considered important (the aforementioned suggested fields). In addition, they believed that their study indicated that users require a transparent and systematic way to review and compare versions of a given text. Finally, the authors recommended further study using enriched bibliographic records and additional data collection methods, such as focus groups and questionnaires. The authors have several further studies in this area planned.
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Glusker, Ann. "Patron Time-Use May Be an Effective Metric for Presenting Library Value to Policy Makers." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 11, no. 2 (June 20, 2016): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8rh0r.
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Objective – To test a metric for library use, that could be comparable to metrics used by competing government departments, for ease of understanding by policy makers.
Design – Four types of data were collected and used: Time-diaries, exit surveys, gate counts, and circulation statistics.
Setting – A large public library in British Columbia, Canada.
Subjects – Time-diary subjects were 445 patrons checking out materials; exit survey subjects were 185 patrons leaving the library.
Methods – A paper-based time diary, prototypes of which were tested, was given to patrons who checked out library materials during a one-week period. These patrons were charged with recording the use of the checked-out items during the entire three-week loan period. From this information, the average number of hours spent with various types of loaned material (print and audio/DVD) was calculated. The average number of hours spent per item type was then applied to the circulation statistics for those items, across a month, to get a total of hours spent using all circulated material during that month. During the same one-week period of time-diary distribution, exit surveys were conducted by library staff with patrons leaving the library, asking them how long they had spent in the library during their current visit. The average number of minutes per visit was calculated and then applied to the gate count for the month, to get a total number of minutes/hours spent “resident” in the library that month. Adding the totals, a grand total of patron time-use hours was calculated. A monetary value was applied per hour, using the results of a contingent valuation study from Missoula, Montana (Dalenberg et al., 2004), in order to convert hours of library benefit into a dollar figure.
Main Results – There was a 24% response rate for the time diaries (106/445). The diary entries yielded an average of 3.5 hours of time-use per print item, and 1.9 hours per DVD. The range for audio materials was quite wide, and for all item types, a few heavy users skewed the averages. Hours of secondary use (when people other than the original borrower read, listened to, or watched, the materials) were calculated, and represented 13% of the total hours. The average amount of time spent per visit was 42 minutes. Applying these averages to one month of circulation figures and gate counts, respectively, the result was that patrons spent 182,000 hours using library services in one month. Applying dollar amounts of benefit per hours spent, based on the Missoula study, the result was that patrons had received $842,000 of benefit from their use of the library in that month.
Conclusions – This study confirmed that the prototype performance measure of hours of patron use, and refinements in obtaining it, was a useful tool with which to present the case for the value of libraries to policy makers. The study estimates that 90% of library use occurs off-site, and that a surprising proportion of that use is by secondary users. Future studies could refine the collection methodologies even more by collecting demographic information, by mapping user activities during branch visits, and by obtaining better information about secondary users of materials. Future research should also take into account: seasonal effects on borrowing, reading level of borrowers, and possibilities for collecting information in online formats. With these developments, it might be possible to assign “enjoyment levels” to items in library catalogs.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Park, Il-jong. "Evaluation by Korean students of major online public access catalogs in selected academic libraries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33376824.html.
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Leung, Chun-keung, and 梁振強. "Browse or search?: a behavioral study of library catalogue users." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29960630.
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Creel, Stacy. "Are Online Catalogs for Children Giving Them What They Need? Children's Cognitive Development and Information Seeking and Their Impact on Design." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3984/.
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Research shows children in an online environment often search by browsing, which relies heavily on recognition and content knowledge, so catalog systems for children must use effective symbols or pictorial representations, which correspond with children's own cognitive schema and level of recognition knowledge. This study was designed to look at the success of young children (ages 5 to 8) in searching 3 online public library catalogs designed for them, and it focused specifically on the pictorial representations and text descriptors used in the systems' browsing hierarchy. The research sought answer whether young children (ages 5 to 8) are really poor searchers because of cognitive development and lack of technology skills or if system design is the major reason for poor search results; i.e., Do current children's online catalog designs function in a manner that is compatible with information seeking by children? Although these results can not be generalized, this study indicates that there was a disconnect between the cognitive abilities of young users and catalog design. The study looked at search success on the 3 catalogs in relation to the catalog characteristics and individual user characteristics and makes 3 significant contributions to the field of library and information science. The first contribution is the modification of an existing model posed by Cooper and O'Connor and modified by Abbas (2002). The second significant contribution is the proposal of a new model, Creel's second best choice (SBC) model, that addresses the cognitive gap and design flaws that impact the choices participants made. The third significant contribution is that this study addresses and fills a gap in the literature.
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Johansson, Lisa, and Tobiasson Sara A. "Att främja det oväntade : Serendipitet i digitala bibliotekskataloger." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414069.
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Introduction. Studies have been conducted on serendipitous encounters in the physical library environment. In this study, we aimed instead to look at features in the online library catalog that can lead to serendipitous en-counters. The aim was also to see if libraries took active steps to promote serendipity in their online library cata-logs. Method. A heuristic evaluation of four online library catalogs was conducted. The set of heuristics used was based on previous research, with the aim of identifying facets of a serendipitous environment. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with librarians from three of the researched libraries. The results from the heuristic evaluation and the transcripts of the interviews formed the data for the analysis. Analysis. Thematic analyses were carried out on the data. The data from the heuristic evaluation and the interviews were analyzed and presented separately, leading up to a joint summary. Results. Most of the online library catalogs had features like "Similar items" and book recommendations, which can lead to serendipitous encounters. Librarians often experience a lack of influence over their online library catalogs. Librarians identified problems such as patrons expecting their online library catalog to function more like a web search engine, for example, Google Search. Conclusion. The online library catalogs have features that promote serendipitous encounters but we identified problems in how they are best designed. Using an integrated interface for the online library catalog and the library's website was one way to give the librarians more influence over their interface, which increased their likelihood to provide it with more information and content. We suggest further research with an extensive approach of serendi-pitous encounters not only in the online library catalog but also in other digital library environments such as web-sites, social media, blogs and apps. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.
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Wall, Terry K. "Studies on frequency distributions of recorded use for students using academic library collections." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10938.
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Frequency distributions of recorded use for students using academic libraries were analysed using statistical models not previously employed for the purpose. The suitability of the data for such analysis is discussed. Evidence suggested that frequency distributions of recorded library use reflected real differences in amounts of library use by users. A computer simulation of library use by students was used to investigate the effects of competition among users upon distributions of use. Negative binomial probability distributions were found to reproduce some of the observed patterns of user activity, but were rejected on grounds of fit and applicability. Other two and three-parameter probability distributions were considered. A novel modification of the negative binomial distribution (being a Neyman Type A-gamma distribution instead of a Poisson-gamma distribution) gave good fit to frequency distributions of recorded use from various libraries. The fitted parameters appeared to be related to statistics of use for the observed populations, but the diversity observed in reality among users was clearly simplified in a stochastic model with only three parameters. In the second part of the study, methods of using the model were explored. Given stability in two of the three parameters, the model could be scaled with time to predict future frequency distributions. The extrapolation of numbers of non-users from one set of data is described. The effect upon the uptake of titles from a library collection of distributions of activity among students was also considered. By simplifying the model, relationships between the mean use by a group of users and maximum amounts of use by individuals, and between numbers of uses and numbers of titles used are suggested. A key factor in relating user activity to uptake is the extent to which users diversify in their use of titles.
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Harrell, Charles B. "The Use of an Academic Library by University Students." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279070/.
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Academic librarians have for a number of decades been interested in understanding more about how and why students use libraries. This study contributes to that area of library administration by focusing on nine factors thought to be associated with student use of academic libraries.
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Xia, Hong. "Library CD-ROM LAN Performance and Patron Use: a Computer Simulation Model." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279383/.
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In this study, a computer simulation model for library CD-ROM LAN systems was created. Using this model, the system optimization problems were examined. The simulation model imitated the process of the actual decision variables changing their values and generated the corresponding results. Under a certain system environment, if the values of decision variables are changing, the system performances are getting changed also. This study investigated these relationships with the created model. The system users' interarrival time, service time, and other relevant data were collected on randomly selected days in a university library. For data collection, both of the observation and the system automatic metering software were used. According to the collected data, a discrete events simulation model was created with GPSS/H. The simulation model was proven valid and accurate by a pilot test and by the calculation with queuing theory. Statistical tests were used for data comparison and analysis. In addition, animation technique was used to show the simulation process by using Proof Animation. By this technique, the simulation process was monitored on the screen.
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Smith, Marvin LaVerne. "Relative use of libraries by students perceived advantages and deficiences [sic] of the T.J. Jones Memorial Library /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Thornton, Rian. "An evaluation of the attitudes of public library staff to the use of information and communication technologies." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8074.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-129).This thesis explores the attitudes of public library staff of the Cape Town Administration library Service in 2005 to information and communication technologies (ICTs). This inquiry was appropriate because free Internet access was in the process of being rolledout to public libraries in the Western Cape, and library management was considering investing in a new library management system (LMS). The two systems investigated were the Internet and the BookPlus LMS. The survey instrument was a hardcopy questionnaire, which incorporated an amended version of a well-established technology acceptance model, and was designed to allow for both quantitative and qualitative data to be collected. Analysis of the results suggest that librarians' attitude to ICTs was generally positive. Concerns were raised about both systems, mainly due to their unique characteristics, service history and the manner in which the systems had been implemented. Quantitative results indicated that staff attitudes towards the use of both systems were strongly related to staff perception of the usefulness of the system. The insights obtained from the results of both systems suggest that an understanding of staff attitudes towards ICTs can positively inform implementation strategies and improve user adoption of new technologies.
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Dolo-Ndlwana, Nomambulu. "Use and value of library's electronic resources by academics and postgraduate students at Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10336.
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Includes bibliographical references.As libraries are in the transition of moving from print to electronic resources, the purpose of the study was to investigate the use and value of library's e-resources by academics and postgraduates at Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT). There is evidence from previous studies that today's users have their information needs met via a number of options. They need not physically come to the library; they can stay at home or at their offices to access e-resources. The study focused on the use and value of the library's e-resources in two departments (Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering and Mechanical Engineering) in the Faculty of Engineering. The main aim was to determine whether academics and postgraduates use e-resources, the purpose for which they used e-resources in the process of teaching, learning and research, the extent to which they were aware of the e-resources, the value they regarded as the benefit from using e-resources and the problems they encountered in their use of e-resources. The study population consisted of 251 academics and postgraduates. A questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. The questionnaire was distributed to 82 academics, 135 MTech and 34 DTech students. The results of the study are based on the data from 60 returned questionnaires from academics and postgraduates. The study found that the majority of the respondents used e-resources, but a few respondents did not use e-resources because they were not aware of them. Respondents who used e-resources used them for a variety of purposes, including gathering information for a specific topic; doing literature reviews, getting answers to specific questions, and gaining general information. The study also encountered respondents who had problems when using e-resources. These problems included internet connections, slow downloading of articles; time constraints and the need for training in the use of e-resources. The majority of respondents from the study thought that they benefited from using the library's e-resources.
Books on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Jones, Richard M. A comparative evaluation of two online public access catalogues: User opinions about the design of online catalogues. [London]: British Library Research and Development Dept., 1988.
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Anglo-Nordic Seminar (3rd 1990 Cranfield Conference Centre). OPACs and the user: Proceedings of the Third Anglo-Nordic Seminar, 8-11 April 1990. [London]: British Library Research and Development Dept., 1991.
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Peters, Thomas A. The online catalog: A critical examination of public use. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., 1991.
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OCLC, ed. Online catalogs: What users and librarians want : an OCLC report. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC, 2009.
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Bowman, Stephen. A comparative study of the impact of online public access catalogues on the information gathering and utilisation habits of differing user groups. [London]: British Library Research and Development Dept., 1991.
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Western Australian Institute of Technology. Library., ed. The reader at the catalogue: An observation of catalogue use at the WAIT Library. Perth: The Library, Western Australian Institute of Technology, 1985.
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Henty, Margaret. User response to URICA, a catalogue online. Canberra: Australian National University, 1987.
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Hancock-Beaulieu, Micheline. Evaluative protocols for searching behaviour in online library catalogues: A report submitted to British Library Research and Development Department. [London]: [British Library Board], 1991.
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Hancock-Beaulieu, Micheline. Evaluative protocols for searching behaviour in online library catalogues: A report submitted to British Library Research and Development Department. [London: British Library Research and Development Dept.], 1991.
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Lloyd, Ivor G. On-line access to remote library catalogues. [London]: British Library Research and DevelopmentDepartment, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Knudson, Marcus D. "Use of the Z Accelerator for Isentropic and Shock Compression Studies." In ShockWave Science and Technology Reference Library, 1–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68408-4_1.
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Fankhauser, Péter, and Marco Hutter. "A Universal Grid Map Library: Implementation and Use Case for Rough Terrain Navigation." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 99–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26054-9_5.
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Bedzow, Ira. "Godwin’s Law and the Limits of Bioethics and Holocaust Studies." In The International Library of Bioethics, 209–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01987-6_11.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the ways in which Godwin’s Law disallows good bioethical discussion on controversial topics in healthcare because of the ways in which it invokes improper Holocaust analogies. However, rather than concluding that contemporary bioethics never use the Holocaust as a point of reference, the chapter suggests productive ways that lessons of the Holocaust can inform moral deliberation in bioethics.
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Sluiter, Ineke. "Old Is the New New: The Rhetoric of Anchoring Innovation." In Argumentation Library, 243–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52907-9_13.
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AbstractIn life, language, and argument, we need to feel at home. “Anchoring” connects whatever seems “new” to what is considered familiar. This paper studies the argumentative use of “anchoring” in the wider context of its role in language use. “Anchoring” provides a unifying perspective in analyzing linguistic and rhetorical elements identified by different schools of thought (Sect. 2). Several features of language, elsewhere studied in the context of “discourse linguistics”, direct the addressee on how to anchor new information to the common ground. Categorizing, labeling and naming (topics from philosophy and psychology) can be considered anchoring functions. And formal linguistic iconicity anchors linguistic representations in evolutionarily older senso-motor systems. Section 3 discusses the anchoring effects of some specific discourse types: genealogy, mythology, aetiology, and etymology. All of these frequently take the form of narrative and are used in affective, “engaged” argumentation. Finally, the rhetorical and argumentative implications of the terminology of “new” and “old” itself are discussed, and one specific “anchoring trope” is analyzed, which sets up an anchor as a reference point for something new: the phrase “X is the new Y” (Sect. 4).
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Barber, Elsa, Silvia Pisano, Sandra Romagnoli, Verónica Parsiale, Gabriela de Pedro, Carolina Gregui, and Nancy Blanco. "Quantitative Approach Applied to User Interface of Latin American Web OPACs." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 121–43. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch006.
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This chapter studies user interfaces of Web Online Public Access Catalogs (OPACs) and presents their principal difficulties in facing the man-machine interaction and the contributions of Web 2.0 to overcome these limitations. Methodologies used to study OPACs interfaces are examined. A quantitative approach is used to analyze Web OPACs in academic, special, national, and public libraries through the conclusive use of several tests: chi-square or test of independence, logistic regression, odds ratio, analysis of variance, and discriminant analysis. The situation of Latin American Web OPACs is verified in relation to the use of Integrated Library Systems (ILS) and Database Management Systems (DBMS). This methodology is proposed to study the 2.0 functionalities in these catalogs.
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Dougan, Kirstin. "Music Information Seeking Opportunities and Behavior Then and Now." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies, 42–57. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0270-8.ch003.
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This Chapter provides a summary of the challenges faced by music searchers and a chronological overview of how music information seeking capabilities and resulting user behavior in library settings have changed over time as bibliographic control tools have evolved from card catalogs to online discovery systems. It revisits some of the studies reviewed by King in 2005 and also evaluates studies done in the decade since, identifying trends in music information seeking behavior. Finally, it looks briefly at recommendations for music requirements in catalogs and specialized interfaces.
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Ravi, S., and S. Murali Krishnan. "Use of Open Access Resources Among Legal Professionals." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 204–23. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3559-2.ch011.
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The most rapidly changing pervasive and publicized aspects of library and information studies are e-resources. In a relatively short period of the time, e-resources have expanded drastically from the few dozen computerized bibliography databases to the overwhelming amount of information available today. Electronic resources have grown to include online library catalogues, lists of CD-ROMs, online journals, databases, newspapers, reference materials, open access journals, e-books, major publishers, and online bookshops. There is a pressing need for guidance regarding the use of such resources. The findings of this study conclude that the age-wise respondents have many problems accessing e-resources including computer viruses, having difficulty using digital resources due to lack of IT knowledge, and their limited access to computers.
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Nathiya, P., and A. Alagu. "User Awareness and Use of OPAC by Female Students of Faculty of Arts, Alagappa University." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 103–23. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2201-1.ch007.
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OPAC in present scenario provides a standard measure and insight into Alagappa University students. The objectives of the chapter are to discuss the searching options and the presentation of results along with various parameters. The frequencies of using the respondents in Online Public Access Catalogue used in the female students of Faculty of Arts in Alagappa University, Department of Tamil are 27(10.63%); Centre for Tamil Culture, 28 (11.02%); Dept. of Fine Arts, 29(11.42%), Department of English and Foreign Language 27(10.63%), Dept. of women studies 28; Department of Social Work, 29 (11.42%); Department of Economics and Rural Development, 29 (11.42%); Department of History, 28 (11.02%); Dept. of Library and Information Science, 29 (11.42%). The advanced facilities provided by these universities are also discussed.
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Richardson, Larry L. "Searching Library Catalogs." In Introduction to Library Research in German Studies, 13–28. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429048562-3.
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Gozali, Jesse Prabawa, and Min-Yen Kan. "Rich and Dynamic Library Catalogs." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 39–58. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch002.
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The authors redesign the user interface of an online library catalog, leveraging current Web technologies that allow dynamic and fine-grained user interaction. Over the course of their iterative design and test cycle, they identified four key areas where such dynamic Web technologies can be used to improve the support for typical information seeking strategies, namely: 1) the use of overview + details, 2) a tabular data display, 3) using tabs as a history mechanism, and 4) embedding a suggestion bar. The authors believe that the revised affordances created by their changes in these four areas will inform the design of future search interfaces.
Conference papers on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Zeid, Abe, and Sagar Kamarthi. "CAD/CAM Library of Parts and Assemblies for Engineering Curricula." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43252.
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Most often instructors and students are forced to search through a wide range of scattered resources, such as textbooks, archival journals, conference proceedings, Websites, and industry catalogs to identify parts/assemblies that demonstrate the CAD/CAM concepts of their interest. This long and tedious process is both a major impediment to student learning and a time-consuming distraction to effective teaching of CAD/CAM concepts. To address issues, this paper presents the concept of a CAD/CAM library of parts/assemblies of products for use in CAD/CAM related courses, to enhance student learning and critical thinking, and to increase the effectiveness of CAD/CAM teaching. The addition of pedagogical features to the CAD/CAM library will make it even more effective and useful. For every part/assembly, the CAD/CAM library has to provide not only geometric models with dimensions, but also has to include construction planning strategy, step-by-step creation procedure, modeling questions, and hands-on exercises that facilitate effective teaching and enhance student learning. In addition, the library has to offer its models in multiple formats so that they can be run on most of the commercial CAD systems. The library may have far-reaching impact on non-CAD/CAM areas, such as psychology and physics that require cognitive and 3D visualization studies. The paper presents the results and observation of using CAD/CAM library concept in teaching a CAD/CAM and design courses.
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Li, Yujiang, Qiuling Huang, Mikael Hedlind, Gunilla Sivard, Magnus Lundgren, and Torsten Kjellberg. "Representation and Exchange of Digital Catalogues of Cutting Tools." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-4131.
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Information management for manufacturing resources such as cutting tools is an important research topic in the context of cloud manufacturing. Vendors and customers usually use catalogues to communicate information for such manufacturing resource. Incompatibilities of information in syntax, semantics, and structure among supply chains often result in inefficient manual sharing and management of the catalogue information. It is difficult for cloud based applications to pool information from various sources. This communication failure calls for a system neutral solution for data modeling and exchange to enhance interoperability of the cutting tool catalogue information. Previous studies has present solutions for representation of the cutting tool information with STEP AP242 (ISO/DIS 10303-242) with semantic classification referring to a PLib (ISO 13584, Part Library) based dictionary. This approach can be extended for the catalogue modeling, due to functionalities for specification and configuration control of general product variants in the same standard. With a modeling approach with standardized information schemas, system architecture to guide implementation is proposed to enhance the communication in practice. Relative elements to represent vendors’ catalogues and customers’ requirements are modeled. Associations to the PLib-based dictionary complete semantics and enable information mapping between vendors and customers. Principles of the mapping are identified to facilitate implementation of related software systems. Prototypes are developed to verify the proposed system architecture. The proposed solution is promising to migrate to other types of products than cutting tools, because the data models are based on the general product models defined in AP242.
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Regli, William C. "Digital Library Support for Engineering Design and Manufacturing." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/cie-9080.
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Abstract This paper describes our initial efforts to deploy a digital library to support engineering design and manufacturing. This experimental testbed, The Engineering Design Repository, is an effort to collect and archive public domain engineering data for use by researchers and engineering professionals. CAD knowledge-bases are vital to engineers, who search through vast amounts of corporate legacy data and navigate online catalogs to retrieve precisely the right components for assembly into new products. This research attempts to begin addressing the critical need for improved computational methods for reasoning about complex geometric and engineering information. In particular, we focus on archival and reuse of design and manufacturing data for mechatronic systems. This paper presents a description of the research problem and an overview of the initial architecture of testbed.
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Yining, Zhang. "RESEARCH ON THE REGISTER CHARACTЕRISTICS OF PAPERS ON ENGLISH OPTICAL JOURNALS BASED ON MULTIDIMENTIONAL ANALYSIS." In Chinese Studies in the 21st Century. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-1802-8-2022-241-244.
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This study uses multidimensional analysis to analyze the register features of optical English texts. Research Findings: Optical English Corpus The use of nouns, long words, nominalization, phrasal clauses and passive structures in the library reflects the strong information, Information clarity and abstraction. past tense, perfect verbs, third person pronouns, public verbs, infinitives. The negative valuesof predictive modal verbs, persuasive verbs, conditional clauses and necessary modal verbs indicate their narrative, Persuasiveness is not obvious.
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Spiryagin, Maksym, Qing Wu, Chris Bosomworth, Colin Cole, Mark Hayman, and Ingemar Persson. "Wheel-Rail Contact Modelling for Locomotive Traction Control System Studies." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8108.
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Abstract Recent locomotive traction studies have been extensively focused on the development of wheel-rail contact models for application inside multibody software products to compute results which can be further used in the prediction of track damage indexes. These models are quite sufficient, but they have a significant disadvantage of slow computational speed. In order to use the same locomotive models for traction studies, a new concept of the model was studied. The main difference from existing models is the developed normal task approach that provides a transition from non-Hertzian to Hertzian contact patches and this innovation was validated against the results obtained in a parallel computation test implemented inside of the wheel-rail coupling based on the Extended Contact library. The test was performed with a multibody locomotive model running on tangent track. The first implementation of the developed wheel rail-coupling has been tested in a parallel mode with the Extended Contact library on a full mechatronic model of a locomotive and the results compared against each other. Discussion on the further development is provided.
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Barifah, Maram, and Monica Landoni. "Emotions associated with failed searches in a digital library." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2027.
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Introduction. This paper discusses causes behind failed searches from the searchers’ perspective and examines associated emotions. Method. We conducted an online study with real users in their natural settings. Participants were asked to use a digital library and run one specific and one exploratory search task, using their own topics. They also answered pre- and post-questionnaires for both task types. Analysis. Three types of analysis were conducted: (i) one descriptive on answers in questionnaires, (ii) one textual on users’ failure reports to identify the causes and elicit associated emotions and (iii) one behavioural analysis of the interactions recorded in log files. Results. Users identified the lack of coverage and poor usability as main causes behind failed searches. We examined search behaviour along with declared perceptions of the causes behind failures and realised that the digital library functionalities were not fully used. Poor awareness of the digital library functionalities could be an unreported cause for search failures. In general, users had a positive attitude toward the digital library, expressing trust, joy, and anticipation. Anger and sadness were linked specifically to failed searches. Conclusions. There persists a need to improve the digital library systems and simplify their interfaces. The emotional effect is a significant factor that need to be considered in the user experience studies.
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Nesterov, A. V., M. V. Lenkov, and I. N. Romanov. "The use of OpenCV Library Tools to Isolate a Laser Line on the Surface of a Physical Model of a Heated Industrial Product." In 32nd International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/graphicon-2022-470-476.
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This article discusses the problems of controlling the geometric parameters of heated products in industry using computer vision systems. It is concluded that it is necessary to use physical modeling to ensure convenient and safe testing of computer vision algorithms in laboratory conditions with further transfer of the results to industrial production. The description of the stand and the physical model of the heated product is given, which allow such modeling and corresponding studies to be carried out. Attention is focused on its structural features and the equipment used. The principle of operation of the model is described, based on the fact that the wavelength emitted by heated metal products varies depending on the heating temperature. The use of image processing methods of a physical model based on the OpenCV library is investigated. The functions of highlighting a local area in the image of a physical model and functions that implement methods of preprocessing the resulting area – the use of filters and contrast correction - are considered. Median and Gaussian filters are used. The functions of laser beam selection on the processed image are tested. As such functions, the functions implementing the methods of threshold and adaptive threshold image processing, the methods of Ocu, the edge detector Canny are considered.
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Ungureanu, Elena. "The institutional repository of the Municipal Library “B.P. Hasdeu”: keyword frequency analysis." In Open Science in the Republic of Moldova National Scientific Conference, 2nd edition. Information Society Development Institute, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57066/sdrm22.18.
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The exercise of selecting keywords from a (scientific) article has become a mandatory process for scientific publications. In specialized journals until 2000, the procedure was occasionally practiced, especially in studies published abroad. Interest in keywords has exploded with the development of the Internet, and more recently with the development of the concept of open science. Together with the actual title, but also with the summary (summary, abstract) of a scientific work, its supporting words, if they are well chosen, increase the chances of being read by as many specialists as possible (also increasing the probability of being cited) and to be put more quickly in the scientific circuit. Search engines, databases or websites (not only those of specialized magazines) use keywords to maximally synthesize the information, identify the source more quickly and make it more accessible. Municipal Library “B.P. Hasdeu” from Chisinau launched in 2021 its institutional repository with the acronym HAPEs (https://hapes.hasdeu.md/), developed on the DSpace platform. Although short, the experience of managing this repository can be improved by analyzing the constituent elements and contents of the collections. For our study we chose the “keywords” component, which we consider valuable for effective digital content management and which ideally reflects Zipf's law.
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Gaspar, Henrique. "Current State of the Vessel.JS Library: A Web-Based Toolbox for Maritime Simulations." In SNAME 14th International Marine Design Conference. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/imdc-2022-271.
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This paper presents the current state of the open and collaborative Vessel.JS library, firstly introduced at the 2018 edition of IMDC. The new features of the library are discussed via available online examples. The core of the paper uses a newly developed web-based online ship simulator as guiding example, where the ship, sea and environment are constructed using the library and its dependencies. Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) research vessel Gunnerus is used as example for the ship and maneuverability model. The landscape is based on an open map from Trondheim municipality, joint by the library with the sea and sky. The bridge and control center uses the OpenBridge library for the instruments, a result from a recent cooperation between NTNU and Oslo School of Architecture (Oslo, Norway). The whole platform is available online and can be modified and improved by peers. A discussion is included in the last part of the paper about how recent studies in digital twin standards can be implemented in the mentioned example using web technologies. The paper concludes with a proposal for re-use of the available model and a call to open and collaborative development in maritime design.
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Virgínio, Maria Eduarda Cunha, Lara Hessmann Gonzalez, Rafael Rodrigues Pinheiro dos Santos, Ana Carla Mondek Rampazzo, Gabrielli Algazal Marin, Mariana Ramos do Nascimento, Igor Ruan de Araújo Caetano, Maria Letícia Nogueira, José Ângelo Favoreto Guarnieri, and Carlos Alexandre Martins Zicarelli. "The use of Amantadine in Cognitive and Behavioral Recovery After Severe Cranioencephalic Trauma: A Systematic Review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.572.
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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death among individuals between 1 and 44 years of age, and severe TBI is associated with a mortality rate between 30% and 70%. In this context, randomized clinical trials have studied medications to reduce morbidity in severe TBI, one of which is Amantadine. This drug acts on the increase of extracellular dopamine and as an NMDA antagonist. Objectives: Developing a systematic review of systematic reviews to evaluate the efficacy of Amantadine in reducing morbidity in patients with severe TBI. Methodology: The search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Portal Regional BVS databases. Results: Eleven systematic reviews were included. The literature review of 7 articles demonstrated the efficacy of treatment with Amantadine in the following clinical aspects after TBI: aggression, irritability, agitation, mood, and attention deficit. On the other hand, one article did not consider the use of Amantadine significantly beneficial, due to increased agitation in critically ill patients, suggesting that there is worsening of the condition in individuals with cognitive, executive, memory, and attention symptoms. Therefore, three studies reported that there was not enough evidence for the use of this drug in patients with severe TBI. Conclusions: The results are heterogeneous. However, this study found good efficacy of Amantadine for cases of agitation/aggression in severe TBI and in cases of diffuse axonal lesion that compromises the glutamate pathways.
Reports on the topic "Library catalogs Use studies"
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Wei, Yuehui, Hui Mao, Ziyun Jiang, Luyao Liu, Yuqiao Quan, and Xun Li. Efficacy and safety of Zuogui Wan combined with conventional Western medicine for postmenopausal osteoporosis: A protocol for a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0099.
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Review question / Objective: The proposed systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will address the effectiveness and safety of Zuogui Wan combined with conventional Western medicine (CWM) for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, and provide reference for clinical practice. Information sources: We will use computers to search PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), WanFang database, Chinese Biomedical Database (CMB), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical database (VIP), China Master’s Theses Full-text Database (CMFD), China Proceedings of Conference Full-text Database (CPFD), WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR) and ClinicalTrials.gov, and select all eligible RCTs from inception to October, 2021. Clinicians will also be consulted for additional studies.
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McDonagh, Marian S., Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Rongwei Fu, Benjamin Morasco, Devan Kansagara, and Roger Chou. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250.
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Objectives. To evaluate the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases, reference lists of included studies, submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to July 2021. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence. Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as high-THC to CBD ratio, comparable THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or synthetic. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square and the I2 test for inconsistency. Magnitude of benefit was categorized into no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From 2,850 abstracts, 20 RCTs (N=1,776) and 7 observational studies (N=13,095) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none of kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 75 percent enrolled patients with a variety of neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The strength of evidence (SOE) was low, unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in change in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=28%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=24%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 30% vs. 8%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 22% vs. 16%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.78, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=39%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=0%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12% vs. 6%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=0%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34). We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=50%; SOE: moderate). Evidence on whole-plant cannabis, topical CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) and study withdrawal due to adverse events with high- and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products in short-term treatment (1 to 6 months). Evidence for whole-plant cannabis, and other comparisons, outcomes, and PBCs were unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.
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Chou, Roger, Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Benjamin J. Morasco, Devan Kansagara, Shelley Selph, Rebecca Holmes, and Rongwei Fu. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for iii Chronic Pain: 2022 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250update2022.
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Objectives. To update the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain using a living systematic review approach. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases; reference lists of included studies; and submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to April 4, 2022. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence (SOE). Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as comparable THC to CBD ratio, high-THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or a synthetic product. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square test and the I2 statistic. Magnitude of benefit was categorized as no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From 3,283 abstracts, 21 RCTs (N=1,905) and 8 observational studies (N=13,769) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none evaluated kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 59 percent enrolled patients with neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The SOE was low unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in change in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=39%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=32%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 31.0% vs. 8.0%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 8.0% vs. 1.2%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.77, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390, 0 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=48%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=28%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12.3% vs. 6.1%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We also found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=40%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34); outcomes assessing benefit were not reported or insufficient. We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=58%; SOE: moderate). Evidence (including observational studies) on whole-plant cannabis, topical or oral CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products or between cannabis-related products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) with high- and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products during short-term treatment (1 to 6 months); high-THC to CBD ratio products were also associated with increased risk of withdrawal due to adverse events. Evidence for whole-plant cannabis and other comparisons, outcomes, and plant-based compounds was unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.