Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Libraries and society Australia'
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1
Magnussen, Amanda, and n/a. "The development of virtual libraries in Commonwealth libraries in Australia." University of Canberra. Information Management & Tourism, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060829.130944.
Full textAbstract:
This research examines the development of virtual libraries in Commonwealth
libraries in Australia in 1998-1999. The background to the study lies in some of
the current issues in the information sector, and government responses to those
issues.
The study begins by considering the nature of the Australian Commonwealth
Government, reviewing what government libraries are and whom they serve, and
examining the future trends expected to affect Commonwealth libraries. The
current state of virtual library research is then reviewed, and the need for research
in the Commonwealth library sector examined.
The author reviews the virtual library concept as expressed in the literature in the
field, determines what a virtual library is, and gives consideration to why virtual
libraries are being developed. The issues that affect and are affected by virtual
library development are then examined. Based on this, a model of virtual libraries
is formulated, along with a brief consideration of the possible application,
importance and problems associated with each element of the model.
The research design and methods that were used to gather information for this
study are then outlined, along with the inherent limitations of the research model.
Following this, the findings from a survey of virtual library development in
Commonwealth libraries are discussed. The author then conducts some analysis
of these responses, and makes comparisons between different Commonwealth
library responses, as well as comparisons with virtual library studies conducted in
American and Australian academic libraries.
The research concludes by attempting to reach some conclusions about
Commonwealth virtual library development and the validity of the proposed
model of virtual libraries. Flowing from this, recommendations are made for
further research in this field.
2
Wu, Jianzhong. "Libraries and society in Shanghai 1840-1949." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.693859.
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Koga, Takashi. ""Electronic Government and Government Information Services in Japan." 15th Biennial Conference of the Japanese Studies Association of Australia (Library Forum), Session 1. Australia National University, Canberra, Australia, July 2, 2007." Japanese Studies Association of Australia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105888.
Full textAbstract:
In Japan, electronic government has been developed since the enforcement of the Information Disclosure Act and the formulation of the e-Japan Strategy, both in 2001. Such electronic government produces a number of government information services available all over the world via the Internet, including databases of law texts, congressional minutes and white papers, as well as digital archives. At the same time, electronic government raises several issues of preservation of and "permanent public access" to electronic information, accessibility of electronic government, inclusion of government information into library
services, and so forth. The author hopes this presentation will facilitate requests and comments from participants for electronic government and government information services in Japan.
4
Bedi, Shalu, and Kiran Sharma. "Library Consortia: A Step forward the Information Society." Twenty First Century Publications, Patiala, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105994.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing price of electronic journals, indexing and abstracting databases along with the traditional published print subscriptions has forced library community to explore alternative means of subscription. The emergence of library a very promising development in this direction. The Phenomenon of consortia or group of libraries maintaining information resources together has become very common these days, In India, during last few years we witnessed many consortia based subscription. This paper briefly discusses the concept, need, advantages and also the major consortia initiatives in India.
5
Enders, Michael Leonard. "Gettin' acquainted : film, ethnicity and Australian society." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36279/1/36279_Enders_1996.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis uses a cultural studies- based social- cultural- historical methodology to
compare changes in depictions of ethnicity in selected Australian feature films
produced from 1930 to 1995 to changes in Australian immigration policy over the
same period. The aim is to identify the relationship between feature film
depictions and the societies which produced them. The study will show that
depictions of ethnicity in Australian feature films have progressed through three
phases in line with the changes in Australian immigration policy from 'white
Australia' (1930-1946) to assimilation (194 7 -1971) to multiculturalism (1972-
present) .
The study also proposes a model of 'cultural absorption' as better alternative than
'reflection' to explain the means by which social-cultural beliefs and values are
transferred from society to feature films. The results of this study confirm that
the myths and social cultural beliefs and values of a society can be identified by
analysing the cultural artefacts, such as feature films, produced by that society.
This means that it is possible to identify the myths, beliefs and values of past
moments in Australian social history by analysing feature films produced by that
society. Identifying changes in society and culture and the mechanisms which
brought them about provides a means of better understanding contemporary
society and culture and how future changes may affect social and cultural
evolution.
6
Andrews, Alfred. "Catholics in a Protestant society : South Australia, 1900-1926 /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ara565.pdf.
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Pupelienė, Janina. "Strategic directions for the development of academic libraries in the knowledge society." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20071228_121731-20301.
Full textAbstract:
Because knowledge and information are becoming the vital resources, appropriate organization and management of them is considered to be the guaranty of the welfare of every state, organization and individual. There could be recognized the stronger attention to institutions that are traditionally related to knowledge and information. Because of the growing strategic importance of information and communication technologies in modern organisations, academic libraries remain a significant unit in the institutions of higher education. The theoretical outline of the importance of academic library strategy in the knowledge society in this dissertation is disclosed by exposing the concept of these libraries as organisations, introducing the concept of the evolution of strategy of these libraries, and evaluating changes taking place in the world’s academic libraries. The dissertation introduces a theoretical model of the strategic directions of the academic library developed in the dissertation. This model is proposed by the author of the dissertation as a possible one for the development of academic libraries in Lithuania. The analysis of the possibilities of implementing the designed model in Lithuanian academic library performance accomplished in the dissertation highlights possible obstacles to the modernization of these libraries and the most important and influential circumstances for implementing the model in Lithuanian academic libraries. Analysis of scientific literature, the... [to full text]Tinkamas žinių ir informacijos organizavimas bei valdymas šiandieninėje žinių ekonomikos visuomenėje pripažįstama kaip pagrindinis valstybės, organizacijos ir kiekvieno individo klestėjimo bei gerovės garantas. Aukštojo mokslo institucijos biblioteka (disertacijoje – akademinė biblioteka) žinių ekonomikos visuomenėje išlieka viena iš svarbiausių grandžių informacinio aprūpinimo infrastruktūroje. Pažymėtinas išskirtinis akademinės bibliotekos vaidmuo universitetinių žinių kūrimo ir ypač sklaidos procesuose. Visa tai skatina suformuluoti akademinių bibliotekų vystymosi kryptis įvertinant šias bibliotekas vadybiniu požiūriu. Ginamoje disertacijoje ištirtas akademinių bibliotekų vaidmuo žinių visuomenėje, šių bibliotekų kaip organizacijų samprata bei ypatybės, analizuojama šių bibliotekų strateginio valdymo patirtis. Pažangiausių pasaulio akademinių bibliotekų vystymosi tendencijų kontekste suformuluotos pagrindinės šių bibliotekų vystymosi strateginės kryptys, sukurtas akademinės bibliotekos vystymosi strateginių krypčių žinių visuomenėje teorinis modelis ir ištirtos šio modelio įgyvendinimo Lietuvos akademinėse bibliotekose galimybės. Modelio įgyvendinimo Lietuvos akademinėse bibliotekose galimybių tyrimas išryškino potencialias kliūtis, modernizuojant šias bibliotekas, ir svarbiausias aplinkybes, galinčias turėti įtakos tokio modelio įgyvendinimui. Apibendrinus teorinę ir empirinio tyrimo medžiagą suformuluotos išvados ir rekomendacijos. Teorinė akademinių bibliotekų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
8
Premkamolnetr, Nongyao. "Information services to tenant companies in technology parks : Australia and Thailand." Thesis, Curtin University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/968.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the most appropriate and effective ways in which a university library can interact with tenant companies and the staff in a technology park. Tenant company staff members in five Australian Technology Parks were surveyed about their information needs, information use, and information seeking behaviour as well as their attitudes towards university libraries which offered services to them. Three of the five Australian Technology Parks had formal relationships with universities and their libraries. The librarians of these universities were interviewed on their attitudes towards the provision of information services to the technology park community, as well as the information services they offered to this group of clients.The research results indicated that most of the respondents who were engaged in R&D areas accessed university libraries' collections for technical information and valued their services and the professional help of the librarians, whereas those in other areas, particularly marketing and sales, did not place as high a value on these services. One striking finding from the research was that the respondents in the latter group use the Internet as their preferred first source of information, not informal personal contact as been expected and indicated in previous studies. A contributing factor to low use of the university libraries was poor promotion of library services.A major objective of the research was to obtain information on the relevance of the Australian data to developing and offering services to tenants in a new technology park in Thailand. Results drawn from the Australian data was used to form a model for the interaction between university libraries and tenant company staff in Thai technology parks. The model was tested through interviews with Thai sample group and was then fine-tuned to meet Thai economic and social conditions prior to proposing it for use in Thailand.This research indicated that many aspects of Thai university libraries need to be adjusted in order to successfully provide effective information services to the technology park community. These include clearly defining library policies towards the tenants, increasing and improving avenues of access to library services, improving library performance and services, increasing promotion and marketing, supporting personnel development policies, and creating partnerships with other organisations.
9
Byrne, Alex, and n/a. "Online searchers in Australia : backgrounds, experience, attitudes, behaviours, styles and satisfaction." University of Canberra. Communication, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060622.145158.
Full textAbstract:
Online searchers in Australia were studied through six sets
of variables: backgrounds, experience, attitudes, behaviours,
styles and satisfaction. A mailed questionnaire attracted a
response rate of 84.5 per cent.
Respondents were drawn equally from academic and special
libraries. Those in special libraries tended to be more
satisfied with their searches, and favoured adaptability but
not preplanning. Those whose organisations levied charges
appeared to search less often and to have less faith in
controlled vocabularies. A minority with computational
backgrounds tended to have more searching experience.
Many respondents searched infrequently and had conducted low
total numbers of searches. Those searching more often were
less cost conscious, and more in favour of trial-and-error
and reviewing retrieved titles. Searchers who had conducted
more searches favoured trial-and-error , browsing and
reviewing retrieved titles.
Controlled vocabularies, adaptability (related to a
disinclination to review retrieved titles), trial-and-error
and browsing were favoured . Fidel's conceptualist style
tended to be adopted by those favouring trial-and-error. Her
operationalist style was considered routine and positively
related to perceived user satisfaction with searches. Some
concern about cost was related to a tendency to plan
alternative strategies.
10
Everitt, Jean. "Co-operative society libraries and newsrooms of Lancashire and Yorkshire from 1844-1918." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268198.
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Premkamolnetr, Nongyao. "Information services to tenant companies in technology parks : Australia and Thailand." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Information Studies, 1998. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=10733.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the most appropriate and effective ways in which a university library can interact with tenant companies and the staff in a technology park. Tenant company staff members in five Australian Technology Parks were surveyed about their information needs, information use, and information seeking behaviour as well as their attitudes towards university libraries which offered services to them. Three of the five Australian Technology Parks had formal relationships with universities and their libraries. The librarians of these universities were interviewed on their attitudes towards the provision of information services to the technology park community, as well as the information services they offered to this group of clients.The research results indicated that most of the respondents who were engaged in R&D areas accessed university libraries' collections for technical information and valued their services and the professional help of the librarians, whereas those in other areas, particularly marketing and sales, did not place as high a value on these services. One striking finding from the research was that the respondents in the latter group use the Internet as their preferred first source of information, not informal personal contact as been expected and indicated in previous studies. A contributing factor to low use of the university libraries was poor promotion of library services.A major objective of the research was to obtain information on the relevance of the Australian data to developing and offering services to tenants in a new technology park in Thailand. Results drawn from the Australian data was used to form a model for the interaction between university libraries and tenant company staff in Thai technology parks. The model was tested through interviews with Thai sample group and was then fine-tuned to meet Thai economic and social ++conditions prior to proposing it for use in Thailand.This research indicated that many aspects of Thai university libraries need to be adjusted in order to successfully provide effective information services to the technology park community. These include clearly defining library policies towards the tenants, increasing and improving avenues of access to library services, improving library performance and services, increasing promotion and marketing, supporting personnel development policies, and creating partnerships with other organisations.
12
Maher, Simon. "The 'citizens' and 'citizenship' debates 'vernacular citizenship' and contemporary Australian politics and society /." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070821.160030/index.html.
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Hood, David. "Conservatism and change : the RSL and Australian society, 1916-1932 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh776.pdf.
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Farrelly, Michael. "State, society and water management in late imperial Southeast China." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123264.
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This thesis is a study of water management systems in the late imperial (1368-‐1912) Minnan region (southern Fujian), China. Based on stone inscriptions and local gazetteers, I present case histories of several well-‐documented water management systems. I explore trends in social organization and state-‐society issues relevant to water management systems, with particular emphasis placed upon the means by which lineages came to control water management structures. I then consider the causes and characteristics of water management-‐related conflict, as well as trends in government intervention in related disputes, and the principles upon which local officials adjudicated these disputes. I argue that property rights status was important to adjudication, particularly the concepts of "official," "communal" and "private" land and resources. Finally, I contextualize Minnan water management systems among systems in other parts of China.Cette thèse étudie les systèmes de gestion de l'eau pendant les dernières années de la période impériale dans la région de Minnan (dans le sud du Fujian) en Chine. L'histoire de plusieurs systèmes bien documentés de gestion de l'eau est présentée, à partir de l'étude de pierres avec des inscriptions et de registres locaux. Les tendances dans l'organisation sociale liée aux systèmes de gestion de l'eau et les problèmes politico-‐sociaux associés sont analysés, avec une attention toute particulière sur les moyens employés par les groupes pour contrôler les organisations qui gèrent l'eau. Les causes et les caractéristiques des conflits relatifs à la gestion de l'eau sont étudiées, ainsi que l'intervention des gouvernements et les principes suivis par les instances locales dans la résolution de ces disputes. Les auteurs soutiennent que le statut de la propriété importe dans l'attribution des ressources, en particulier les concepts de ressources « gouvernementales », « communales » et « privées ». En dernière partie, les systèmes de gestion de l'eau dans la région de Minnan sont mis en perspective avec les systèmes d'autres régions de la Chine.
15
Saleem, Maysoon Fouad Saleem. "Collaboration between Academic Libraries in Australia and Iraq to Address the Information Gap in Iraq." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/81688.
Full textAbstract:
Recent wars in Iraq have caused a loss of scholars and library collections resulting in significant information gaps. This thesis examines collaborative approaches between academic libraries in Australia and Iraq aimed at restoring and modernising information systems. The qualitative methodology involves interviews with librarians in both countries as well as researchers from developing nations. Recommendations include the development of compatible library systems between Iraq and Australia, use of social networking and open access.
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au, tsummerf@law uwa edu, and Tracey Lee Summerfield. "Families of Meaning: Dismantling the Boundaries Between Law and Society." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050810.115925.
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Legal positivism insists upon a distinction between the inside and outside of law. The common law and statutory rules of interpretation assist in maintaining this distinction, establishing the myth that legal decision-making is a purely objective and rational process, giving rise to internal truths. While critical theorists have illustrated the ways in which the lines between the inside and outside are always blurred, there remains a perceived distinction, in law, between the interpretation of concepts that occurs in the law and that which occurs outside the law. Only the former have legal legitimacy. The idea of the legal family is a case in point, where the law defines family according to its own prescriptions irrespective of how family is constituted by non-legal communities. In this thesis, I consider the meanings of family in different spheres to show how the lines between the social, the political and the legal consistently overlap. I then develop a mechanism by which the law can acknowledge and affirm that which is outside. This requires, firstly, a conception of law as communication and of legal interpretation as a constructive process. Secondly, the task demands that jurists engage with the semiotic processes of the everyday and that legal concepts, at least those that exist independently of the law (family for example) be framed with an open indexicality. This might enable such concepts to be interpreted according to a range of contexts, other than (or in addition to) the legal one. Finally, using the family as an example, I illustrate how a semiotic approach can assist legal interpretation, reform and analysis.
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Shields, Remesia. "William Beer: An Englishman's Role in Libraries, Literature and Society in New Orleans, 1891-1927." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1669.
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In 1891, an Englishman named William Beer arrived in New Orleans, Louisiana, to take up the position as librarian of Tulane University's Howard Library. Beer quickly gained a reputation as a competent and knowledgeable librarian by bolstering the Louisiana collection at the Howard Library with maps, rare books and Louisiana historical documents. In 1896, Beer played a central role in the organization and opening of the first free and public library in New Orleans, the Fisk Free and Public Library. Beer befriended many well-known authors of New Orleans literature including George Washington Cable, Grace King, Mollie Moore Davis and Mary Ashley Townsend. Beer's influence in New Orleans and its literature, and his roles as librarian and instigator of literature have hitherto been largely ignored. This paper will argue that Beer created the foundations of a New Orleans literary culture.
18
Glynn, Thomas Peter. "Books in the public sphere New York libraries and the culture-building enterprise, 1754-1904 /." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/doctoral/GLYNN_THOMAS_49.pdf.
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De, Vos Ricardo George. "Imagination, realisation and the performing of Australia." Thesis, De Vos, Ricardo George (2003) Imagination, realisation and the performing of Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/37/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis argues that performance can be seen to constitute both a critical discipline and a set of activities entailing an engagement with spatial, temporal, physical and material relations, rather than as a product of linguistic, textual and discursive relations. As such, performance is able to critique the functioning of language, text and discourse in assuming space, time, bodies and matter. Performance also suggests ways of working on and informing writing practices. The social relations of performance pertain to times and spaces which are temporary and processual, to activities which imagine other times, spaces and people, and seek to realise them for a specific time in a specific space for a specific group of people. The social relations realised in this process of contingent realities are able to inform writing, that is, to produce writing which connects theatre with other discourses, and which connects words with bodies in time and space.
It is argued that theatre and performance's process of imagination and realisation and its engagement with spatial, temporal, physical and material relations provides a valuable site for critically examining the ways in which Australia privileges and remembers specific configurations of space, time, bodies and matter, while marginalising others, in producing official representations of the Australian nation. Such representations, reflected ingovernmental programmes such as those concerning citizenship and national security, have a bearing on how Australians view their national past, present and future, and how they perceive their social connections with each other.
Just as specific performances are made subject to the textual and discursive categories of literature and social theory, official enactments of the Australian nation are able to 'contain' Australians who spatially, temporally and physically transgress national boundaries. As a material practice, performance is able to engage with official enactments of the nation in order to 're-open' the spaces, times and encounters concealed within these sites.
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De, Vos Ricardo George. "Imagination, realisation and the performing of Australia." De Vos, Ricardo George (2003) Imagination, realisation and the performing of Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/37/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis argues that performance can be seen to constitute both a critical discipline and a set of activities entailing an engagement with spatial, temporal, physical and material relations, rather than as a product of linguistic, textual and discursive relations. As such, performance is able to critique the functioning of language, text and discourse in assuming space, time, bodies and matter. Performance also suggests ways of working on and informing writing practices. The social relations of performance pertain to times and spaces which are temporary and processual, to activities which imagine other times, spaces and people, and seek to realise them for a specific time in a specific space for a specific group of people. The social relations realised in this process of contingent realities are able to inform writing, that is, to produce writing which connects theatre with other discourses, and which connects words with bodies in time and space.
It is argued that theatre and performance's process of imagination and realisation and its engagement with spatial, temporal, physical and material relations provides a valuable site for critically examining the ways in which Australia privileges and remembers specific configurations of space, time, bodies and matter, while marginalising others, in producing official representations of the Australian nation. Such representations, reflected ingovernmental programmes such as those concerning citizenship and national security, have a bearing on how Australians view their national past, present and future, and how they perceive their social connections with each other.
Just as specific performances are made subject to the textual and discursive categories of literature and social theory, official enactments of the Australian nation are able to 'contain' Australians who spatially, temporally and physically transgress national boundaries. As a material practice, performance is able to engage with official enactments of the nation in order to 're-open' the spaces, times and encounters concealed within these sites.
21
Abbas, Hyder. "The Dublin Library Society and its founding members : associational activity and cultural patriotism in late-eighteenth-century Dublin." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2720.
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In late-eighteenth-century Dublin, options were limited for an expanding reading public who wished to consult quality printed works. During this period of the Anglican Ascendancy, membership to institutional libraries or participation in associational activities was largely limited to elites and those from the Established Church. The Dublin Library Society provided a public reference library service without restrictions of confession, connection, elections, or status—with admission based only on ability to pay the initial two-guinea charge (and one thereafter). Using hitherto neglected primary sources, particularly contemporary newspapers, this thesis will examine the origins of the Dublin Library, public reaction towards it, and its position promoting cultural patriotism and inclusivity in public library service provision in late-eighteenth-century Dublin. Also, a detailed prosopographical analysis of the library’s founding subscribers, specifically for their occupational backgrounds and associational activities, will show that the library represented a cross-section of Dublin’s reading public and help identify the social and cultural milieu in the capital. Through a combination of historical and prosopographical research on the library and its members, this study aims to contribute to both library history and the wider fields of social, cultural, and urban history of Dublin. The library was founded amidst a backdrop of Irish patriotism evidenced by the achievement of legislative independence from Britain. Dubliners expressed their patriotism through participation in clubs and societies that promoted Irish cultural, commercial, political, and social improvement and self-sufficiency. Further Enlightenment ideals of toleration and intellectual cultivation were embodied in these associations. By the end of this examination, the Dublin Library Society will be regarded not only as significant in the expansion of Dublin’s literary public sphere, but also a noteworthy location of the Irish Enlightenment in the capital.
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Robertson, Christie Social Science & Policy UNSW. "Social capital, women's agency and the VIEW clubs of Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Social Science and Policy, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31919.
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Contemporary debates about collective action in civil society have given prominent place to the connections between voluntary associations and social capital. Social capital research, however, commonly over-emphasises the role of associations in generating societal-level outcomes, to the neglect of the specific contexts in which associations reside and the different opportunities individuals and groups have to access resources for and through collective action. Also largely ignored are considerations of gender. This thesis addresses these issues, presenting evidence from a case study of a large women???s service organisation ??? the VIEW Clubs of Australia ??? to examine how social capital and women???s agency intersect. The thesis adopts a social-structural approach to social capital, highlighting its role as a resource brokered through networks that both enable and constrain action. This approach attends to the inter-relations of particular types of social capital, such as bonding and bridging; specific elements of social capital, such as reciprocity, trust, and shared values, identities and purposes; and addresses the broader socio-historical context in which social capital networks are located. The thesis employs a model of agency that encompasses three core fields of agency ??? individual, social and political. These fields of agency encapsulate the capacity for women to ???act??? and exercise choice and change in their own lives, in the community, and in the polity, and to do this through collective action. The thesis applies these ideas using an embedded case study model combining documentary analysis, participant observation and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal agency and social capital to be in tension. Activities that feed the agential capacity of the organisation and its members are more successfully realised in areas closest to women???s past experiences than in those addressing the public sphere. The research nevertheless shows that a voluntary association such as VIEW can foster women???s agency. Indeed, building women???s capacities in society as a whole may well rely on organisational contexts where women are empowered to self-develop and connect their activities to broader society. This is impacted by the nature, purpose, and social location of the social capital networks of women and others, and has implications for how we understand the ongoing role of voluntary associations in civil society. By revealing how different dimensions of social capital operate and intersect with women???s agency, the thesis shows the dynamic role of voluntary associations in civil society.
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Reeves, Noelene. "The development of a literate society: A case study: Western Australia 1850-1910." Thesis, Reeves, Noelene (1993) The development of a literate society: A case study: Western Australia 1850-1910. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1993. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50588/.
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Literacy, the ability to read and write, is now considered an essential social skill and the right of individuals. Yet, this was not always so. A ‘literate society’, where the expectation that essential day-to-day communications between its members can be conducted solely through print, belongs to the twentieth century. It is a very different environment from a society where literacy is significant yet it is socially acceptable, indeed socially demanded, for elements of the society to remain illiterate. Such was the historical experience when to be literate meant to possess power and high social status. A contemporary society which has become print-dependent expects its members to be literate and makes literacy acquisition by children compulsory. Negative social judgements are made about those who are not functional in literacy. More importantly, social disadvantage accrues to those who cannot adequately participate in activity requiring literacy. So how, when and why did such a fundamental change in attitudes and experience occur?
The thesis explores the experience of one small, isolated English-speaking colonial settlement mapping the intrusion of literacy into all levels of that society and the responses of people traditionally non-literate. It seeks to explain why reading and writing tuition was given to the ‘lower orders’ and why literacy was ultimately accepted universally by Western Australians. It seeks to understand what value was placed on literacy by the illiterate and less literate, how well these people could read and write and the degree of their participation in literacy exchanges. It hypothesises that social acceptance and participation depended on the recipients of instruction recognising that a personal need could be met, not the perceptions or stated reasons of the providers who endeavoured to instruct through a range of institutions throughout the period. It concludes that, in Western Australia, those needs were not religious, not political or judicial, not educational as may have been the case elsewhere, but primarily commercial and functional. When shopping in expanded and flourishing communities stimulated by the discovery of gold, adults needed to respond to the print (and associated graphics) identifying essential and desirable commodities and services. Adult awareness and skill development led to wider commercial usage and encouraged parents to ensure children attended school regularly and stayed longer, thus providing the context for greater social usage as reflected in advertising and the environment. Western Australia became a literate society between 1895 and 1905 when the social barriers erected on both sides that had prevented earlier participation finally gave way. The thesis recognises, however, that in a literate society literacy and its uses are still social markers that lead to inequality and disadvantage.
A detailed examination of data uses accepted literacy measures, such as statistical registers, education reports and signatures, explores the less frequently utilised measure of environmental print and draws on the researcher’s experience as a reading educator and researcher to make assessments about nineteenth century literacy and literacy education.
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Henkel, Maria [Verfasser], Wolfgang G. [Gutachter] Stock, and Gerhard [Gutachter] Reichmann. "Information Literacy and Libraries in the Knowledge Society / Maria Henkel ; Gutachter: Wolfgang G. Stock, Gerhard Reichmann." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190884038/34.
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Becker, Patti Clayton. "Books and libraries in American society during World War II : weapons in the war of ideas /." New York : Routledge, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40149147k.
Full textAbstract:
Texte remanié de: Doctoral dissertation--Madison (Wis.)--University of Wisconsin, 2002. Titre de soutenance : Up the hill of opportunity: American public libraries and ALA during World War II.Bibliogr. p. 267-281. Notes bibliogr. p. 219-266.
26
Robbin, Alice. "We the people: One nation, a multicultural society (Correlates and predictors of the 'digital divide')." John Hopkins University Press, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106271.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines selected economic and social indicators of our multiracial and multiethnic society at the end of the twentieth century to provide an information base for wise decisions about effective library services. The statistical profile describes the demography, economic well-being, and education attainment of the principal racial and Hispanic origin groups. The data show that progress in our nation's well-being has occurred, but a great deal remains to be done to achieve the goals of equity and equality of opportunity.
27
Chambers, Zoe. "A study of the representation of marriage and the family in the film Muriel's wedding." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1298.
Full textAbstract:
Representations of the family in the Australian popular media in recent years appear to have shifted from a traditional nuclear family form to more diverse constructions, and the family has become an institution that is more often associated with dysfunction rather than the idealised notions of caring and support. This study will examine this re-evaluation of the nuclear family through a close analysis of the film Muriel's Wedding (1994). How the discourses of gender and nationalism intersect with those of marriage and family will be studied, in an attempt to understand this reappraisal of the Australian family.
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Cummins, Philip S. A. School of History UNSW. "The digger myth and Australian society : genesis, operation and review." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of History, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20672.
Full textAbstract:
Through a theoretical framework of myth in genesis, operation and review, this thesis evaluates the relationship between Australian society and the myth of the digger, a tradition of Australian military manhood which originated in the First World War. The digger in genesis was a product of early twentieth century Australia???s need to establish for itself a distinct national identity. Deriving strongly from existing mythology of the bushman/pioneer and foster by the work of CEW Bean, it was quickly adopted by both governments and citizens anxious to promote the contributions of the Australian soldiers and to understand the relationships that these had with the emerging Australian society. The digger in operation from the First World War to the end of the Second World War to the early 1960s demonstrates the way in which Australian (enamoured of its simple and seemingly enduring qualities) Embedded the myth at the core of orthodox thinking about national Identity, despite its exclusivity and prescriptive, authoritarian control by conservative institutions. The era of the Vietnam War acted as a key review phase for the myth as its relevance was questioned significantly. Despite temporary rejection from many and fragmentation into a variety of icons, Australia???s brief flirtation with radical thinking did not last beyond the mid-1970s. A return to conservative values in the 1980s-1990s coincided with political reconciliation over the Vietnam War ??? by the mid-1990s, the digger myth had retained its position of relevance and importance within Australian culture, demonstrating its capacity to become adapted and appropriated to reflect an increasingly democratic and pluralistic society. The current prevailing version of the digger, the "new professional", demonstrates the parallel transition of Australian military culture. It co-exist with other representations, providing a scaffold through which individuals interact with it to develop their own understanding of the application of the digger myth to both their own lives and Australian society.
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Edin, Elisabet. ""I thought libraries were about books" : Mål och funktioner inom kreativa rum på australiska bibliotek." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295658.
Full textAbstract:
Creative spaces, or makerspaces, is an emerging and global phenomenon in libraries. The aim of this study is to examine the objectives that underlie the creative spaces in Australia, expressed by library professionals, as well as the purposes they fulfil in the library context. The material is derived from seven in-depth interviews with staff working with creative spaces at three public and one state library. Additionally, one observation was conducted in the creative space at each of these libraries. “The four spaces model”, created by Danish researchers Henrik Jochumsen, Casper Hvenegaard Rasmussen and Dorte Skot-Hansen, comprises the study's theoretical framework. According to the model, the library's objective is to support the goals: experience, involvement, empowerment and innovation. The library spaces, in which the goals should be supported, are the inspiration space, the learning space, the meeting space and the performative space. The study shows that the most distinct objectives of the creative spaces are experience and empowerment. Involvement and innovation are also present, but not as prominent. Further, the study shows that the purposes fulfilled by the creative spaces places them within the learning space and the meeting space, and to some degree in the inspiration space and the performative space. Findings reveal that creative spaces support STEM-based (science, technology, engineering and maths) learning and digital literacy through both collaborative and individual learning. The learning takes place in informal settings where play is a significant factor. The creative spaces function as “high-intensive” meeting places for the local community, and the library professionals highlight the importance of the social aspects of the creative spaces. This is a two years' master’s thesis in Archive, Library and Museum studies.
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Venn, Darren P. "A changing cultural landscape: Yanchep National Park, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/28.
Full textAbstract:
This study depicts the changing landscape of Western Australia's Yanchep National Park as it has evolved in response to natural processes and human activities. The study also serves to evaluate the level of input Indigenous people have in the management of Australian natural and cultural heritage. The Park was examined by utilising a methodology that combined a cultural geography approach with Structuration Theory. Yanchep National Park is highly suited to this type of investigation because of its close proximity to a major urban centre ( Perth ) and because of the importance of the area to Indigenous people, resulting in a highly visible cultural heritage within the Park.
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Howard, Katherine. "Educating cultural heritage information professionals for Australia's galleries, libraries, archives and museums: A grounded Delphi study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/85088/1/Katherine_Howard_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research explored the knowledge, skills, qualities, and professional education needs, of information professionals in galleries, libraries, archives and museums (GLAM) in Australia. The findings revealed that although full convergence of these sectors is unlikely, many of the skills, knowledge and qualities would be required across all four sectors. The research used the Grounded Delphi Method, a relatively new methodological extension of the Delphi method that incorporates aspects of Grounded Theory. The findings provide the first empirically based guidelines around what needs to be included in an educational framework for information professionals who will work in the emerging GLAM environment. As the first study of GLAM education requirements in Australia and the wider Asia-Pacific region to take a holistic approach by engaging information professionals across all four sectors, this thesis makes a contribution to the GLAM research field and to information education generally.
32
Mountain, Vivienne, and res cand@acu edu au. "Investigating the Meaning and Function of Prayer for Children in Selected Primary Schools in Melbourne Australia." Australian Catholic University. School of Religious Education, 2004. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp51.29082005.
Full textAbstract:
Prayer is a central element of all religions (Coleman, 1999; Engebretson, 1999). Alongside the sense of the theological importance of prayer there has been increased recognition of the psychological function and personal benefit of prayer for adults (Pargament, 1997). This thesis reports on research that investigated the theological and psychological perceptions of prayer held by children, shown through their understanding of the meaning and function of prayer. This thesis contributes to the research field of children’s spirituality. As there is little existing research literature on children and prayer, the findings of this study provide valuable new understanding and propose new aspects of theory with implication for professionals involved in the education and the welfare of children. The research reported in this thesis represents the first Australian research on children’s perception of the meaning and function of prayer. The choice of participants reflects the diverse philosophical and religious traditions found in the Australian, multifaith society. Semi-structured interviews were video-recorded with 60 participants from primary school Year Five (10-12 years). Five male and five female participants were selected from each of six different schools in the Melbourne metropolitan area. These were: the Catholic, Independent (Christian), Christian (Parent-Controlled or Community School), Jewish, Islamic and the Government schools. Students completed a drawing exercise and a written sentence completion exercise as part of the interview, and the three sources of data were analysed qualitatively using the method of Grounded Theory. The data was interpreted in the light of a detailed literature review on the nature and function of prayer as part of children’s spirituality. The review also examined relevant sections of the literature of religious education and literature on contemporary Australian life. This study has provided Australian data on the meaning and function of prayer for children as part of children’s spirituality. Considerable agreement has been observed through the data, between children educated in a variety of school systems which embraced different philosophical and faith traditions. In the multicultural Australian community said to be secularized, prayer for these children has been shown as a valued aspect of life. The personal experiences of prayer for many were seen to be associated with the community of faith to which the participants belonged, and for others, prayer was learnt eclectically and practised in a private individualistic manner. All participants indicated that they had prayed and all contributed ideas about prayer through the interviews. All participants perceived prayer to function as an aid in life. Prayer was used by participants at significant moments in their life, and the words or thoughts in prayer helped to clarify and articulate deep feelings. Eight elements of theory (in accord with the literature on Grounded Theory ) have been generated through this research which are presented as recommendations for professionals engaged in religious education and student welfare.
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Partridge, Helen L. "Establishing the human perspective of the information society." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16572/1/Helen_Partridge_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The digital divide is a core issue of the information society. It refers to the division
between those who have access to, or are comfortable using, information and
communication technology (ICT) (the "haves") and those who do not have access
to, or are not comfortable using ICT (the "have-nots"). The digital divide is a complex
phenomenon. The majority of studies to date have examined the digital divide from
a socio-economic perspective. These studies have identified income, education and
employment as the key factors in determining the division between the "haves" and
the "have-nots". Very little research has explore the psychological, social or cultural
factors that contribute to digital inequality in community. The current study filled this
gap by using Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) to examine the psychological
barriers that prevent individuals from integrating ICT into their everyday lives.
SCT postulates that a person will act according to their perceived capabilities and
the anticipated consequences of their actions. Four studies have explored the digital
divide using SCT. Because of limitations in the research design these studies have
shed only limited light onto current understanding of digital inequality in community.
The current research was the first study exploring the digital divide that (i)
incorporated both socio-economic and socio-cognitive factors, (ii) used a community
context that ensured the recruitment of participants who represented the full
spectrum of the general population, and (iii) was conducted in both the US and
Australia. Data was gathered via self administered questionnaires in two
communities: Brisbane, Australia and San Jose, USA. Completed questionnaires
were obtained from 330 and 398 participants from the US and Australia,
respectively.
Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the research question: what
influence do socio-cognitive factors have in predicting internet use by members of
the general population when the effects of socio-economic factors are controlled?
The results of this analysis revealed that attitudes do matter. The US study found
that socio-economic factors were not statistically significant predictors of internet
use. The only factor that found to be a significant predictor of use was internet self
efficacy. In short individuals with higher levels of internet self efficacy reported
higher levels of internet use. Unlike the US study, the Australian study found that by
themselves several socio-economic factors predicted internet use. In order of
importance these were age, gender, income and ethnicity. However, the study also revealed that when socio-economic factors are controlled for, and socio-cognitive
variables included into the analysis, it is the socio-cognitive and not the socioeconomic
variables that are the dominant (in fact the only!) predictors of internet
use.
The research illustrated that the digital divide involves more than just the availability
of resources and funds to access those resources. It incorporates the internal forces
of an individual that motivates to them to use or integrate ICT into their lives. The
digital divide is not just about ICT such as computers and the internet. It is about
people. As such, the key to solving the issue of digital inequality is not going to be
found with corporate or government funds providing physical access to technology.
Instead, the key to solving digital inequality is inside the individual person. The
alternative view of the digital divide presented in this research is by no means
intended to minimise the role played by socio-economic factors. Indeed, the socioeconomic
perspective has helped shed light on a very real social issue. What this
research has done is suggest that the digital divide is more complex and more
involved than has been imagined, and that further and different research is required
if genuine insights and real steps are going to be made in establishing an
information society for all.
34
Partridge, Helen L. "Establishing the human perspective of the information society." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16572/.
Full textAbstract:
The digital divide is a core issue of the information society. It refers to the division
between those who have access to, or are comfortable using, information and
communication technology (ICT) (the "haves") and those who do not have access
to, or are not comfortable using ICT (the "have-nots"). The digital divide is a complex
phenomenon. The majority of studies to date have examined the digital divide from
a socio-economic perspective. These studies have identified income, education and
employment as the key factors in determining the division between the "haves" and
the "have-nots". Very little research has explore the psychological, social or cultural
factors that contribute to digital inequality in community. The current study filled this
gap by using Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) to examine the psychological
barriers that prevent individuals from integrating ICT into their everyday lives.
SCT postulates that a person will act according to their perceived capabilities and
the anticipated consequences of their actions. Four studies have explored the digital
divide using SCT. Because of limitations in the research design these studies have
shed only limited light onto current understanding of digital inequality in community.
The current research was the first study exploring the digital divide that (i)
incorporated both socio-economic and socio-cognitive factors, (ii) used a community
context that ensured the recruitment of participants who represented the full
spectrum of the general population, and (iii) was conducted in both the US and
Australia. Data was gathered via self administered questionnaires in two
communities: Brisbane, Australia and San Jose, USA. Completed questionnaires
were obtained from 330 and 398 participants from the US and Australia,
respectively.
Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the research question: what
influence do socio-cognitive factors have in predicting internet use by members of
the general population when the effects of socio-economic factors are controlled?
The results of this analysis revealed that attitudes do matter. The US study found
that socio-economic factors were not statistically significant predictors of internet
use. The only factor that found to be a significant predictor of use was internet self
efficacy. In short individuals with higher levels of internet self efficacy reported
higher levels of internet use. Unlike the US study, the Australian study found that by
themselves several socio-economic factors predicted internet use. In order of
importance these were age, gender, income and ethnicity. However, the study also revealed that when socio-economic factors are controlled for, and socio-cognitive
variables included into the analysis, it is the socio-cognitive and not the socioeconomic
variables that are the dominant (in fact the only!) predictors of internet
use.
The research illustrated that the digital divide involves more than just the availability
of resources and funds to access those resources. It incorporates the internal forces
of an individual that motivates to them to use or integrate ICT into their lives. The
digital divide is not just about ICT such as computers and the internet. It is about
people. As such, the key to solving the issue of digital inequality is not going to be
found with corporate or government funds providing physical access to technology.
Instead, the key to solving digital inequality is inside the individual person. The
alternative view of the digital divide presented in this research is by no means
intended to minimise the role played by socio-economic factors. Indeed, the socioeconomic
perspective has helped shed light on a very real social issue. What this
research has done is suggest that the digital divide is more complex and more
involved than has been imagined, and that further and different research is required
if genuine insights and real steps are going to be made in establishing an
information society for all.
35
Whitehouse, Denise Mary 1947. "The Contemporary Art Society of NSW and the theory and production of contemporary abstraction in Australia, 1947-1961." Monash University, Dept. of Visual Arts, 1999. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8387.
Full text
36
Balnave, Nikola Robyn. "Industrial Welfarism in Australia 1890-1965." University of Sydney. Work and Organisational Studies, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/572.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines industrial welfarism in Australia from 1890 to 1965. This period witnessed the gradual spread of the welfarism movement throughout Australian industry as employers sought ways to increase productivity and control in the face of external challenges. Once reaching its peak in the immediate post-War period, the welfarism movement was gradually subsumed as part of the increasing formalisation of personnel management. Waves of interest in welfare provision coincided with periods of labour shortage and/or labour militancy in Australia, indicating its dual role in the management of labour. Firstly, by offering benefits and services beyond that made necessary by the law or industrial awards, welfarism was designed to create a pool of good quality workers for management to draw from. Secondly, managers sought to enhance their control over these workers and their productive effort, using welfarism as a technique to build worker consent to managerial authority. This could be achieved through subtle methods aimed at boosting loyalty and morale, or through more direct programs designed to increase worker dependency on the company. In both ways, individual and collective worker resistance could be minimised, thereby reinforcing managerial prerogative. Despite its adoption by a variety of companies, a number of economic, political and institutional factors limited the extent of industrial welfarism in Australia. These include the small-scale of most enterprises prior to the Second World War, state involvement in the area of industrial relations and welfare provision, and the strength of organised labour. While the welfarism movement did not reach the heights experienced overseas, it nonetheless provided an important contribution to the development of formal labour management in Australia.
37
Bermek, Sevinç. "The emergence and consolidation of the AKP and its impact on Turkish politics and society." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57144/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis concerns the current ruling party, the AKP (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi - Justice and Development Party) in Turkey. Its aim is to examine the emergence and consolidation of the AKP, as well as to determine whether or not this has shaped the evolution of the party system in Turkey. This research draws on a qualitative research approach, through interviews with 36 key informants from political parties, NGOs, grassroots organizations and through gathering data in the literature produced by parties and other statutory and voluntary agencies, as well as through the collection of descriptive statististics related to socio-economic structures, migration, occupational categories, macroeconomic indicators and collections of election surveys. The finding reveal that the AKP did not emerge as an Islamist party, but because of its promises of economic stability and growth, and of further integration into the EU and USA-led global order. The thesis shows that more so than its religious discourse, the AKP’s electoral success was based on the party’s adapting a hybrid, progressive and pro-EU position during its first tenure in government. Second, this research demonstrates how the political conjuncture up to 2002 and long-term economic factors provided favourable circumstances for the AKP’s emergence. The study’s findings also reveal that the consolidation of the AKP is mainly attributable to its economic and social agenda, and the utilization of the public purse and other state resources (e.g. social and health care benefits) as a means of catering for its target constituencies. In addition, they demonstrate that once AKP’s consolidation was completed (2010) the party’s discourse gradually became more conservative and nationalist, giving way to more authoritarian policies. Nonetheless, as long as economic performance and conditions remain unchanged, the AKP continues to appeal to its social base. Consequently, this thesis demonstrates that the gradual drift in Turkish society towards moderate Islamic and traditional values was not the main factor in the AKP’s rise to power. Rather, this shift can be viewed as the feedback effect of the consolidation of the AKP process into societal structures and norms. Hence, this work highlights the AKP’s impact on the structure of the party-system and the role of its policies in transforming Turkish society. Lastly, this study contributes to the foundation upon which further research on Turkish politics and the party system can continue, by exploring the dual effect of the AKP’s ruling tenure: factors leading to the AKP’s emergence and its feedback into Turkish society and politics.
38
Lovric, Ivo Mark. "Ghost Wars : the Politics of War Commemoration." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150317.
Full textAbstract:
Ghost Wars: the politics of war commemoration: research into dissenting views to war and other aspects of the Australian experience of war that are marginalised by the Australian War Memorial. A study taking the form of an exhibition of a filmic (video) essay, which comprises the outcome of the Studio Practice component, together with the Exegesis which documents the nature of the course of study undertaken, and the Dissertation, which comprises 33% of the Thesis.
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St, Leon Mark. "Circus & nation a critical inquiry into circus in its Australian setting, 1847-2006, from the perspectives of society, enterprise and culture /." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1702.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2006.Title from title screen (viewed 25 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, Faculty of Arts. The name of the School on the title page appears as: School of History & Philosophical Inquiry. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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KARSKENS, Grace. "THE ROCKS AND SYDNEY: SOCIETY, CULTURE AND MATERIAL LIFE 1788-C1830." University of Sydney, History, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/405.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the early history of Sydney's Rocks area at two levels. First, it provides a much-needed history of the city's earliest, oldest-surviving and best-known precinct, one which allows an investigation of popular beliefs about the Rocks' convict origins, and which challenges and qualifies its reputation for lowlife, vice and squalor. Second, by examining fundamental aspects of everyday life - townscape, community and commonality, family life and work, human interaction and rites of passage - this study throws new light on the origins of Sydney from the perspective of the convict and ex-convict majority. Despite longstanding historical interest in Sydney's beginnings, the cultural identity, values, habits, beliefs of the convicts and ex-convicts remained largely hidden. The examination of such aspects reveals another Sydney altogether from that presented by governors, artists and mapmakers. Instead of an orderly oupost of empire, a gaol-town, or a 'gulag', the Sydney the Rocks represents was built and occupied largely according to the tastes, priorities and inclination of the people, with relatively little official regulation or interference. While the Rocks appeared 'disorderly' in the eyes of the elite, it nevertheless functioned according to cultural rules, those of the lower orders - the artisans, shopkeepers, publicans, labouring people, the majority of whom were convicts and ex-convicts.
41
Reid, Patricia Mary, and n/a. "Whiteness as Goodness: White Women in PNG & Australia, 1960's to the Present." Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070130.140518.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I examine the contemporary nexus between White women and the raced and classed institution of White womanhood. More specifically, I focus on White Australian women who are middle class, rich in cultural capital, and generally consider themselves to be progressive; that is race privileged women but women who are not usually associated with overt racism. My analysis unfolds White Australian women in the discursive context of the ideologies of feminism and feminist-influenced anti-racist politics, as well as the ideologies of femininity. The thesis shows how this nexus is enacted through a vision of White women as Good as expressed in the political commitments, mentalities, relationships, narratives and corporeality of such women. The research problem that I identified and worked through in the thesis is as follows: for middle class White women, (who can be seen and see themselves as generic 'women'), Whiteness has been seen and played out as Goodness. Further, in the playing out of this Goodness White women accumulate and defend the prestige and privileges of Whiteness. Specifically, I argue that Whiteness is reproduced in some of the discourses and practices of White feminism, by the progressive White women involved in anti-racist politics, and in the femininity industry and the ways it is taken up. The nub of the problem I identify is that White women's involvement in the structures and narratives that support Whiteness is often grounded in the very qualities of character and conduct that emerge from the colonial and class-constructed ideal of White womanhood and which have historically distinguished them from denigrated others. These qualities- notably virtue, innocence and self-restraint- whilst differently nuanced in other contexts are an ongoing expression of the uses made of White womanhood as the visible sign of race and class superiority. The work examines four key periods: the Australian colony of PNG during the decolonising 1960's and 1970's; the high years of 1970's and 1980's feminism; the race debates of the 1990's; and the bodily practices of present day White women gripped by fears of fat and aging. I explore the ways in which White women's Whiteness is played out in benevolent Black/White relationships, the over-reach of difference feminism, particular kinds of anti-racist identities and activism, and body-improvement practices. In all these cultural sites, White women's Whiteness is often represented as a kind of moral being and deployed as moral authority in ways that are consonant with the raced and classed construction of White women as moral texts. My research approach was determined by the research problem I identified. Given my argument that White women mis-recognise Whiteness as Goodness in a race-structured society, then the collecting of data through interviews or surveys would have yielded material subject to this blindness. Instead, I explored sites and material where moral claims were being pressed, and case studies where 'women' were enacting themselves or being represented or interpellated as moral texts. My selection of primary source material ranges from feminist newsletters, women's and other magazines, literature, film, event programs and flyers, radio and television broadcasts, newspapers and websites, as well as reflections on my own experiences. Secondary source material includes feminist theoretical texts as well as texts drawn from a range of other disciplines, and other historical background materials. I lay out and support my arguments using a technique not dissimilar to collage, aiming to construct a picture that is compelling in its detail as well as coherent in its overall effect. This thesis is a contribution to the de-naturalisation of Whiteness. Navigating a course between the opposing hazards of essentialising Whiteness and understating its effects in contemporary Australian society, I have brought into clearer view some of the strategies which maintain the authority of Whiteness.
42
Broinowski, Alison Elizabeth, and alison broinowski@anu edu au. "About face : Asian representations of Australia." The Australian National University. Faculty of Asian Studies, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030404.135751.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis considers the ways in which Australia has been publicly represented in ten Asian societies in the twentieth century. It shows how these representations are at odds with Australian opinion leaders assertions about being a multicultural society, with their claims about engagement with Asia, and with their understanding of what is typically Australian. It reviews the emergence and development of Asian regionalism in the twentieth century, and considers how Occidentalist strategies have come to be used to exclude and marginalise Australia. A historical survey outlines the origins of representations of Australia in each of the ten Asian countries, detecting the enduring influence both of past perceptions and of the interests of each countrys opinion leaders. Three test cases evaluate these findings in the light of events in the late twentieth century: the first considers the response in the region to the One Nation party, the second compares that with opinion leaders reaction to the crisis in East Timor; and the third presents a synthesis of recent Asian Australian fiction and what it reveals about Asian representations of Australia from inside Australian society. The thesis concludes that Australian policies and practices enable opinion leaders in the ten countries to construct representations of Australia in accordance with their own priorities and concerns, and in response to their agendas of Occidentalism, racism, and regionalism.
43
Ivan, Timbs. "The Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement : An analysis of the class divide within Australian society appertaining to globalization." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7970.
Full textAbstract:
Global interest in using free trade agreements to expand trade, investment, integration and other linkages has expanded dramatically in the last twenty years. Australia is not alone in this development and has concluded Free Trade Agreements (FTA), with a number of countries, with little division or debate, within Australian society, about their merits. However, the announcement by the Australian Government in December 2000 of its intention to pursue an FTA with the United States ignited significant controversy in the Australian community and exposed deep concerns about the phenomenon of globalization and the future of Australian society. The ensuing debate revealed deep-seated divisions within Australian society.
Utlilizing a combination of Weber’s class-based theory and liberal ideologies (economic, welfare and radical), this research intends to analyze public submissions made to the Australian Parliament Senate Select Committee on the Free Trade Agreement between Australia and the United States (US) in an attempt to identify the reasons for the divisions within Australian society concerning the Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement (AUSFTA). It is expected the results will illuminate the challenges facing both governments and societies alike in a globalizing world and provide fruitful insights for policy makers in future trade negotiations.
44
Clarke, Robin F. "Developmental tasks and learning processes which influence life-satisfaction in retirement." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1995. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1173.
Full textAbstract:
This study identified the developmental tasks undertaken by eight retired males during the retirement transition, described the processes of! earning and adjustment and discussed their influence on life-satisfaction. The study was an exploratory, descriptive case study, designed as an initial investigation into the phenomena of retirement in the 1990s. A qualitative design was appropriate to the study for it permitted the investigation of a wide range of inter related variables. The major instrument was a semi-structured but open-ended interview designed to gather comprehensive data relevant to understanding the retirement experience. An iterative process was used, which involved interviewing each participant on two occasions. The second of the interviews provided opportunities for gathering more sensitive data about the retirement experiences. The participants were actively involved in the investigation, they provided the initial data and also verified the interpretations and findings. AJI interviews were recorded by audio-tape and the coded transcripts were the major data source. A matrix of developmental tasks and processes of learning, and life-satisfaction in retirement was developed for the analysis, presentation and interpretation of the data.
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Gobetz, Michelle J. "Father role identity : An exploration of the construct and its measurement." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/827.
Full textAbstract:
There is relatively little research in respect of father’s and their post-divorce contact with their children. Preliminary research suggests father’s identification with the parent role may play an influential role in this contact. Though the Self Perceptions of the Parental Role Questionnaire (SPPE) has been utilised to measure father’s identification with the parent role, the psychometric properties of this instrument have yet to be systemically investigated. The lack of psychometric information about the SPPR seriously limits this instruments utility. The aim of the current study was twofold. Firstly, to determine the psychometric properties of a formal measure of parent role identity, the Self-perceptions of the Parental Role questionnaire (SPPR). Secondly, to explore the constructs father role and father role identity. Seventy four fathers completed the SPPR. From a sub sample of twenty five fathers the reliability of the SPR satisfaction scale was found to be acceptable for research and clinical application (Cronbach’s alpha .73, r=.82). The reliability of the Integration scale was low and could not be recommended for either research or clinical use (Cronbach’s alpha .68, r=.65). Reliability of the SPPR’s other two scales, competence and investment, was not clearly established because their Cronbach’s alphas and test-retest reliabilities did not produce commensurate results. An exploratory principle components factor analysis did not support the factorial structure of the SPPR. Feedback suggested participants found the instructions and some items of the SPPR difficult to understand. The outcome of a qualitative analysis of interviews of a sub group of fathers (n = 27) was consistent with previous research and identity theory that fathers identified sub roles which make up the father role. These sub roles were the traditional, teacher, and shared experience and participation. Item analysis revealed the SPPR does not inquire about these sub roles. The qualitative data also revealed the importance of father’s perceptions of the parent role, rewards of parenting, sacrifices, confidence/competence, and sources of help and advice in the father role. Item analysis revealed the SPPR inquires only about rewards and costs and sources of advice. The qualitative data suggests the SPPR could be improved by adding items which inquire about perceptions of father sub roles, confidence/competency in these roles and sacrifices made to complete these roles.
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McLean, Michelle A. "Library 2.0 and libraries building community initiatives in Australia." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105429.
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Abu, Roziya. "Community development and rural public libraries in Malaysia and Australia." Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/24833/.
Full textAbstract:
In Malaysia, the government has invested in public libraries with the intention of promoting development, particularly in rural areas. Despite the increasing number of rural public libraries being built throughout Malaysia, providing users with many services, activities and programs, previous research indicates that they are underutilised. The research reported in this thesis aimed to explore relationships between rural public libraries and their communities in both Malaysia and Australia, with particular attention to empowerment and community development processes.
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Marion, Linda, Mary Anne Kennan, Patricia Willard, and Concepción S. Wilson. "A Tale of two markets: Employer expectations of information professionals in Australia and the United States of America." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105082.
Full textAbstract:
This paper reports the findings of an exploratory study of 395 library job advertisements in Australia and the USA from August to October 2004. To investigate similarities and differences between the two countries' data we conducted a content analysis and co-word analysis of professional job ads from academic, public and special libraries. Interpersonal Skills, Behavioural Characteristics, and responsiveness to a changeable Environment were identified as critical requirements in both countries.
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Sheppard, Jillian Eve. "The internet, society and politics : political participation in Australia." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/156018.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the effects of internet use on Australian citizens' propensity to participate in political activity. The study applies the 'civic voluntarism' model of political participation to the Australian case, theorising that internet use comprises a resource. It hypothesises that participation in Australia is a factor of an individual's free time, time spent using the internet, money, civic skills, internet-related skills, recruitment and engagement. Australia is an appropriate case study due to its institutional and cultural similarities with other advanced democracies, as well as its notable differences. Voting is compulsory for Australian citizens, and they are compelled to vote frequently and in complex systems. Previous research has found that compulsory voting has positive effects on participation between elections, as well as on the stability of the country's political parties. Australians have ample opportunity to participate in politics. The thesis analyses 2010 (and earlier) Australian Election Study data, supplemented by data from previous Australian Election Studies, the World Values Survey and Comparative Study of Electoral Systems. Descriptive, logistic regression and ordinary least squares regression analyses find that internet use leads to participation earlier in life than would occur otherwise, but that participants possess the high socioeconomic status of participants in other advanced democracies. Skills are particularly important: across a range of behaviours including electoral, campaign, communal and protest participation, the positive influence of internet proficiency over time spent online is evident. However, the determinants vary greatly between types of participatory act, revealing lowered costs of entry, and opportunities for low-resourced citizens to equip themselves to participate. The findings have implications for understanding how the internet impacts the changing face of participation in Australia, how citizens can be mobilised in the future and the prognosis for the health of Australia's participatory democracy.
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Nkabinde, Thokozile M. N. "The public library as a community service in a developing society : case study of Botswana." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7433.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluates the purpose and role of the public library in national development in Botswana. Particular attention is focused on the public library as a community resource as well as its sensitivity in meeting the needs of community members and of organizations
operating in the community. Chapter 1 introduces the nature of the problem, and brief historical and current developments of the public library in Botswana. Research objectives of the study are also outlined. Chapter 2 attempts to locate the public library in developing
countries within development strategies such as the modernization and basic needs approach. Discussions further illustrate how policies
emanating from these development strategies have influenced public library policies in these countries, and in Botswana. Attempts are
made to show how the public library in Botswana is trying to adjust to shifts in emphasis of government development plans, especially the
rural development emphasis. Chapter 3 outlines methods of research used to collect and process data obtained from the village Molepolole in Botswana. There is a brief discussion of the nature of this village as well as that of the community public library. Chapter 4 and 5 present findings of the household survey, and of community organizations and public librarians interviewed. An analysis and interpretation of findings of the household survey based on a sample of 203 readers drawn from the village is also presented. Community organizations interviewed include both government and non-government. Patterns of reading and views on the library of both readers in the survey and public library users, are explored. Chapter 6 presents a brief review of developments of the national campaign to eradicate illiteracy in Botswana, which was launched by the Department of Non-formal Education (DNFE) in 1970. The study shows what role the public library has been, and what it should be, in the provision of effective support for the promotion of literacy and reading. The last chapter gives a summary of findings, and suggests a model that could be adopted to develop an effective rural public library service in Botswana. The model is based on principles of the basic needs approach to development, which emphasizes appropriateness, focus on target groups, accessibility, affordability, integrativeness, participation and assertiveness.Thesis (M.Soc.Sci.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1988.