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La Regina, Silvia. "Traduzir vidas, mundos e fantasias: Carolina Invernizio e a letteratura d’appendice italiana no Brasil / Translating Lives, Worlds and Fantasies: Carolina Invernizio and Italian letteratura d’appendice in Brazil." Caligrama: Revista de Estudos Românicos 25, no. 2 (September 16, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2238-3824.25.2.167-183.
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Resumo: Este trabalho objetiva apresentar sumariamente a letteratura d’appendice (o folhetim) italiana de Carolina Invernizio, talvez sua maior representante, e seus desenvolvimentos posteriores. A metodologia é essencialmente a da pesquisa bibliográfica. Após definir a literatura de massa com base em Gramsci, Eco e Sodré, o texto analisa a recepção de Invernizio e seus epígonos no Brasil e na América espanhola de 1880 a 1935, apresentando um breve panorama das traduções publicadas nesses países e buscando identificar os meios de produção e fruição do gênero, e seu sucessivo desaparecimento, ou suas transformações. A conclusão inicial diz respeito à manutenção, ainda hoje, do recalque do gênero, considerado menor e não literário justamente por conta de suas características populares.Palavras-chave: Carolina Invernizio; folhetim; literatura de massa; Liala; tradução.Abstract: This work aims at presenting the Italian Carolina Invernizio’s way of letteratura d’appendice (otherwise known as feuilleton), of which she may have been its greatest example, and its later developments With a bibliographic research methodology, after defining mass literature according to Gramsci, Eco and Sodré, the text analyzes the reception of Invernizio and its literary descendants in Brazil and Spanish America from 1880 to 1935, presenting a brief overview of the translations published in these countries. We try to identify the means of production and use of the genre and its later disappearance, or its transformation. The initial conclusion concerns the maintenance, even today, of the repression and silencing of the genre, seen as minor and non-literary precisely because of its popular characteristics.Keywords: Carolina Invernizio; feuilleton; mass literature; Liala; translation.
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Lepschy, Anna Laura. "Are there rules of the game? Invernizio, Vivanti, Liala, and the popular novel." Italianist 23, no. 2 (December 2003): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ita.2003.23.2.321.
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Salatini Maffia, Erica Aparecida. "DO ROMANCE DE FOLHETIM AO ROMANCE “ROSA”: O ROMANCE ITALIANO DE AUTORIA FEMININA ENTRE OS SÉCULOS XIX E XX." Estudos Linguísticos e Literários 1, no. 66 (September 26, 2020): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/ell.v1i66.35248.
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<p>O artigo apresenta algumas autoras italianas de romances e novelas publicados no período de 1850 a 1950, escritoras que, apesar da notoriedade e representatividade de sua literatura, foram ignoradas pela crítica e pelo cânone italianos, algumas delas desconhecidas do público brasileiro. Carolina Invernizio (1851-1916) e Matilde Serao (1856-1927) são figuras centrais para a popularização e o desenvolvimento da literatura de consumo italiana, na segunda metade do séc. XIX. Mura (1892-1940) e Liala (1897-1995) são representantes da literatura de massa do começo do século XX até o segundo pós-guerra. Neera (1846-1918) e Alba de Céspedes<strong> </strong>(1911-1997) representam a vertente feminina do romance sentimental psicológico italiano: ambas foram sucesso de público em suas épocas, mas apesar do reconhecimento de uma determinada parcela da crítica italiana, também não fazem parte do cânone italiano.</p>
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Azhar Hameed mankhi, Assistant professor. "A New Paradigm of Islamic Womanhood in Liala Aboulela's Minaret and Shelina Janmuhmmed's Love in a Headscarf." Journal of Education College Wasit University 2, no. 25 (December 5, 2021): 1509–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol2.iss25.2749.
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This paper emphasizes Muslim women's voices in their search for religious freedom as well as their attempts to assert their religious identity in the secularized western society .I aim to discuss two novels by two literary Muslim women writers: Laila Aboulela's Minaret ( 2005)and Shelina Janmuhammed's Love in a Head scarf (2009). These two writers refuse to see Islam in a western eye ,and they refuse the many labels and stereotypes of Muslim women who live in a secularized society. They both agree that Islam as an instrument of empowerment in the life of Muslim female characters living in Europe. They present a new image of Muslim woman whose religion frees her of all the cultural and societal traditions .
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Linti, Gerald, Heinrich Nöth, and Peter Rahm. "Über die Reaktion sekundärer Amine mit Lithiumtetrahydridoaluminat." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 9 (September 1, 1988): 1101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-0904.
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Abstract Lithium-tris(diethylamino)hydridoaluminate, Lithium-bis(diisopropylamino)dihydridoaluminate. Lithium(tetramethylpiperidino)trihydridoaluminate, NMR Spectra, X-Ray Reactions of diethylamine, diisopropylamine and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine with LiAlH4 in various ethers have been studied. Only two well-defined products result from Et2NH, namely LiAlH(NEt2)- and LiAl(NEt2)4 . If molar ratios of Et2NH:LiAlH4 smaller than 3:1 are employed all compounds of the series LiAlH4-n(NEt2)n (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) are present in solutions of tetra-hydrofuran and diglyme. In diethylether insoluble materials consisting predominantly of lithium diethylaminohydridoaluminates and, presumably, small quantities of Li3AlH6 are also formed. At ambient temperature diisopropylamine reacts slowly with LiAlH4 , and LiAlH2(NiPr2)2 can be isolated as a well-defined substitution product. 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (tmpH) replaces only a single hydride from LiAlH4 with formation of LiAlH3 (tmp). The reactions have been monitored by 7Li, 13C and 27Al NMR spectroscopy, and the structure of LiAlH(NEt2)3 has been determined by X-ray analysis. The monoclinic compound contains chains of AlHN3 and LiHN3 tetrahedra linked through common edges.
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Musaev, D. G., V. V. Yakobson, and O. P. Charkin. "Theoretical study of the structure and stability of dimers (LiBO)2, (LiAlO)2, (LiBS)2, and (LiAlS)2." Journal of Structural Chemistry 33, no. 1 (1992): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00753053.
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Liljeqvist, Hanna. "Brev från den lilla, lilla staden." HumaNetten, no. 45 (January 22, 2021): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/hn.20204520.
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Wati, Nira, and Binari Manurung. "Kajian Ekologi Tumbuhan Liana di Hutan Primer Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Resort Sei Betung Kecamatan Besitang Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara." JURNAL BIOSAINS 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v2i1.4027.
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Liana adalah salah satu jenis tumbuhan yang menjadi penciri khas dari ekosistem hutan hujan tropis dan keberadaannya menambah keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan pada ekosistem hutan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman liana, indeks kemerataan, indeks kekayaan, indeks dominansi, Indeks Nilai Penting (INP%), dan indeks kesamaan liana antar transek di hutan primer resort sei betung Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser (TNGL). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2015 hingga Maret 2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuadrat dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada satu stasiun terdiri dari 4 transek dan 40 plot pengamatan dengan ukuran setiap petak contoh 20 m x 20 m. Pengambilan sampel liana menggunakan intensitas sampling 0,6% dari 3000 Ha. Variabel yang diamati meliputi jenis dan jumlah individu liana serta keliling setiap individu liana. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 32 jenis liana dengan 677 jumlah total individu liana. Keanekaragaman liana sebesar 3,037 dengan kategori keanekaragaman tinggi, kemerataan liana termasuk kategori tinggi dengan nilai sebesar 0,876, kekayaan liana sebesar 4,756 termasuk kedalam kategori sedang, indeks dominansi liana termasuk kategori sedang dengan nilai 0,109, Indeks Nilai Penting liana tertinggi yaitu Uncaria glabra (Rubiaceae) dan Tetrasigma hookeri (Vitaceae) dan tipe vegetasi liana dihutan primer resort sei betung Taman nasional Gunung Lesuser (TNGL) yaitu Rubiaceae-Vitaceae serta indeks kesamaan liana antar transek memiliki nilai lebih dari 50% sehingga berdasarkan aturan 50% dari Kendeigh (1980) maka liana-liana yang terdapat pada transek-transek yang diamati yang berada dalam hutan Primer Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser masih tetap termasuk dalam satu komunitas/vegetasi yang sama yaitu Rubiaceae-Vitaceae. Kata Kunci : Tumbuhan Liana, Keanekaragaman, Ekosistem
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Deng, J. T., M. F. Hoylaerts, M. E. De Broe, and V. O. van Hoof. "Hydrolysis of membrane-bound liver alkaline phosphatase by GPI-PLD requires bile salts." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 271, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): G655—G663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1996.271.4.g655.
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Circulating liver plasma membrane fragments (LPMF) were purified from human serum by means of a monoclonal antileucine aminopeptidase antibody, AD-1. This was done by immunoaffinity chromatography or by incubating the sera with AD-1-coated nitrocellulose disks. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) is bound to these LPMF through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor and is referred to as membrane-bound liver ALP (Mem-LiALP). Low concentrations of Triton X-100 or high bile salt concentrations released GPI anchor-bearing LiALP (Anch-LiALP) from purified LPMF; once released, Anch-LiALP was slowly and progressively converted to hydrophilic dimeric LiALP [soluble LiALP (Sol-LiALP)], free from its GPI anchor. Low levels of GPI-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) activity were measured in the pure LPMF. Apparently, this membrane-associated GPI-PLD was released by the action of detergents and contributed to the spontaneous conversion of Anch-LiALP to Sol-LiALP. In the absence of detergents, GPI-PLD had little effect on Mem-LiALP, both in purified form as well as in serum. In vitro, isolated Anch-LiALP was converted to Sol-LiALP by both GPI-specific phospholipase C and GPI-PLD. Sol-LiALP in serum, however, appeared to be the product of GPI-PLD activity only. Five- to tenfold higher concentrations of Triton X-100 were needed to release Anch-LiALP from LPMF in serum, compared with those required in a solution of purified LPMF. In serum, as well as in purified conditions, only a small range of detergent of bile salt concentrations permitted the conversion of Mem-LiALP to Sol-LiALP. A model is proposed for the release in the circulation of Mem-LiALP, Anch-LiALP, and Sol-LiALP, involving both LPMF-associated GPI-PLD and liver sinusoid bile salts.
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BIAN, XUN, QIANWEN ZHANG, and SHAN LI. "First report of the genus Liara (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) from Guangxi, China with description of two new species." Zootaxa 5195, no. 2 (October 11, 2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5195.2.6.
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Based on specimens collected in 2022 and housed in the Guangxi Normal University the genus Liara is recorded from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for the first time. Two new species are described: Liara (Acanthocoryphus) axinis sp. nov. (Chinese name: 斧尾雅螽) and Liara (Liara) guangxiensis sp. nov. (Chinese name: 广西雅螽). We provide the morphological photographs of male phallus of Liara (Liara) shii Liu & Bian, 2021.
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Watson, Joanne. "Lilla Watson." Queensland Review 14, no. 01 (January 2007): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132181660000595x.
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Chi, Chen, Hirokazu Katsui, Rong Tu, and Takashi Goto. "Microstructure of LiAl5O8 and LiAlO2 Films Prepared by Laser CVD." Key Engineering Materials 616 (June 2014): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.616.223.
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α-LiAl5O8, γ-LiAlO2, α-Al2O3and those composite films were prepared on AlN polycrystalline substrates by laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD), and the effects of total pressure (Ptot) and the molar ratio of Li to Al (RLi/Al) on the morphology and deposition rates were investigated. The typical morphology of single-phase γ-LiAlO2films prepared atRLi/Al> 1.0 andPtot> 400 Pa was granular, whereas γ-LiAlO2films prepared atPtot< 200 Pa and γ-LiAlO2-α-LiAl5O8composite films had pyramidal grains. Single-phase α-LiAl5O8films showed polygonally faceted morphologies. Composite films of α-LiAl5O8and α-Al2O3consisted of carifllower-like and faceted grains. A single-phase γ-LiAlO2film deposited at 200 Pa showed the maximum deposition rate of 48 μm h-1.
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Chandler, Chris, Geertje van der Heijden, Doreen Boyd, and Giles Foody. "Detection of Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Liana Infestation Using Satellite-Derived Imagery." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 2774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142774.
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Lianas (woody vines) play a key role in tropical forest dynamics because of their strong influence on tree growth, mortality and regeneration. Assessing liana infestation over large areas is critical to understand the factors that drive their spatial distribution and to monitor change over time. However, it currently remains unclear whether satellite-based imagery can be used to detect liana infestation across closed-canopy forests and therefore if satellite-observed changes in liana infestation can be detected over time and in response to climatic conditions. Here, we aim to determine the efficacy of satellite-based remote sensing for the detection of spatial and temporal patterns of liana infestation across a primary and selectively logged aseasonal forest in Sabah, Borneo. We used predicted liana infestation derived from airborne hyperspectral data to train a neural network classification for prediction across four Sentinel-2 satellite-based images from 2016 to 2019. Our results showed that liana infestation was positively related to an increase in Greenness Index (GI), a simple metric relating to the amount of photosynthetically active green leaves. Furthermore, this relationship was observed in different forest types and during (2016), as well as after (2017–2019), an El Niño-induced drought. Using a neural network classification, we assessed liana infestation over time and showed an increase in the percentage of severely (>75%) liana infested pixels from 12.9% ± 0.63 (95% CI) in 2016 to 17.3% ± 2 in 2019. This implies that reports of increasing liana abundance may be more wide-spread than currently assumed. This is the first study to show that liana infestation can be accurately detected across closed-canopy tropical forests using satellite-based imagery. Furthermore, the detection of liana infestation during both dry and wet years and across forest types suggests this method should be broadly applicable across tropical forests. This work therefore advances our ability to explore the drivers responsible for patterns of liana infestation at multiple spatial and temporal scales and to quantify liana-induced impacts on carbon dynamics in tropical forests globally.
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Addo-Fordjour, Patrick, and Zakaria B. Rahmad. "Mixed Species Allometric Models for Estimating above-Ground Liana Biomass in Tropical Primary and Secondary Forests, Ghana." ISRN Forestry 2013 (September 14, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/153587.
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The study developed allometric models for estimating liana stem and total above-ground (TAGB) biomass in primary and secondary forests in the Asenanyo Forest Reserve, Ghana. Liana biomass was determined for 50 individuals for each forest using destructive sampling. Various predictors involving liana diameter and length were run against liana biomass in regression analysis, and R2, RMSE, and Furnival's index of fit (FI) were used for model comparison. The equations comprised models fitted to untransformed and log-transformed data. Forest type had a significant influence (P<0.05) on liana allometric models in the current study, resulting in the development of forest-type-specific equations. There were significant and strong linear relationships between liana biomass and the predictors in both forests (R2>0.970). Liana diameter was a better predictor of biomass than liana length. Generally, the models which were based on log-transformed data showed better fit (higher FI values) than those fitted to untransformed data. Comparison of the site specific models in the current study with previously published models indicated that the models of the current study differed from the previous ones. This indicates the need for forest specific equations to be used for accurate determination of above-ground liana biomass.
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Kainer, Karen A., Lúcia H. O. Wadt, Daisy A. P. Gomes-Silva, and Marinela Capanu. "Liana loads and their association with Bertholletia excelsa fruit and nut production, diameter growth and crown attributes." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002981.
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We investigated the association between lianas and Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut), a long-lived, emergent tree of significant ecological and economic importance in Amazonia. Our objectives were: (1) to determine the relationship between crown liana load and liana number, basal area, and origin in relation to the B. excelsa host; and (2) to determine the relationship between liana load and B. excelsa fruit and nut production, diameter growth, and crown form, position and area. One hundred and forty trees (≥50 cm dbh) were selected with representatives of 10 diameter classes and four liana load categories. To quantify fruit and nut production, fruit counts and nut fresh weights per tree were measured in 2002 and 2003, and annual diameter growth was quantified using dendrometer bands. Trees with lianas produced significantly fewer fruits and had reduced nut fresh weights than liana-free trees. Trees with the most extensive liana loads (>75% crown coverage) were 10.2 times more likely to have crown forms categorized as less than half-crowns or few branches than trees with reduced liana loads. No statistically significant relationship was found between liana load and tree diameter growth. Results suggest that liana cutting might increase B. excelsa fecundity and commercial nut yields.
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Mishra, Sudesh. "Lila." Wasafiri 12, no. 25 (March 1997): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690059708589530.
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Givhan, Jenn. "Lila." New England Review 40, no. 2 (2019): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2019.0069.
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NABE-NIELSEN, JACOB. "Diversity and distribution of lianas in a neotropical rain forest, Yasuní National Park, Ecuador." Journal of Tropical Ecology 17, no. 1 (January 2001): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467401001018.
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Lianas (woody vines) contribute substantially to the diversity of woody plants in Yasuní National Park, Eastern Ecuador. In total 606 individuals, belonging to 138 species, were found in two 20-m × 100-m plots. The liana diversity was higher than in any comparable study, but the density was relatively low. Sapindaceae and Leguminosae were the most species-rich families, whereas Leguminosae and Celastraceae were the most abundant families. The number of liana individuals as well as the number of liana species was partially explained by forest structure, but 92% of the variation in number of liana species depended on the number of liana individuals. Areas with high density of small trees had high liana density, and areas with a high number of tree saplings had a relatively high diversity of climbing lianas. The probability of trees being colonized by lianas increased with tree diameter. The presence of one liana on a tree increased its risk of being colonized by additional lianas.
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Tua Halomoan Simamora, Tiopan, Indriyanto ., and Afif Bintoro. "Identifikasi Jenis Liana Dan Tumbuhan Penopangnya Di Blok Perlindungan Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 3, no. 2 (August 11, 2015): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl2331-42.
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Liana is one type of plant that becomes typical characteristic of a tropical rain forest ecosystem and its presence adds to the diversity of plant species in the forest ecosystem. The purposes of the study were to identify the species of liana, species of cantilever plant, and to know the number of liana species associated with the species of cantilever plant in the protection block of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park, especially in the area of Way Balau Sub watershed. The research was conducted on September to Oktober 2013. The sampling method was used line terraced layer. The size of each sample plot was 20 m x 20 m with sub plots 10 m x 10 m, 5 m x 5 m, 2 m x 2 m. Liana and cantilever plants species were inventoried by 0.2% sampling intensity from 796.50 ha. Observed variables were the species and the number of lianas, spesies of cantilever plant and its number. The result of research were identified 8 species of liana and 35 spesies of cantilever plants. Liana density was 1.599 individual/ha and cantilever plant density was 1.594 individual/ha, and it had a good enough distribution because there was no dominant species. The plant that most liked by liana is dadap (Erythrina lithosperma) and liana that mostly found is rayutan (Paederia tomentosa). Keyword: cantilever plant, liana, Protection Block of Wan Abdul Rachman GreatForest Park
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Meunier, Félicien, Sruthi M. Krishna Moorthy, Hannes P. T. De Deurwaerder, Robin Kreus, Jan Van den Bulcke, Romain Lehnebach, and Hans Verbeeck. "Within-Site Variability of Liana Wood Anatomical Traits: A Case Study in Laussat, French Guiana." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050523.
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Research Highlights: We investigated the variability of vessel diameter distributions within the liana growth form among liana individuals originating from a single site in Laussat, French Guiana. Background and Objectives: Lianas (woody vines) are key components of tropical forests. Lianas are believed to be strong competitors for water, thanks to their presumed efficient vascular systems. However, unlike tropical trees, lianas are overlooked in field data collection. As a result, lianas are often referred to as a homogeneous growth form while little is known about the hydraulic architecture variation among liana individuals. Materials and Methods: We measured several wood hydraulic and structural traits (e.g., basic specific gravity, vessel area, and vessel diameter distribution) of 22 liana individuals in a single sandy site in Laussat, French Guiana. We compared the liana variability of these wood traits and the correlations among them with an existing liana pantropical dataset and two published datasets of trees originating from different, but species-rich, tropical sites. Results: Liana vessel diameter distribution and density were heterogeneous among individuals: there were two orders of magnitude difference between the smallest (4 µm) and the largest (494 µm) vessel diameters, a 50-fold difference existed between extreme vessel densities ranging from 1.8 to 89.3 vessels mm−2, the mean vessel diameter varied between 26 µm and 271 µm, and the individual theoretical stem hydraulic conductivity estimates ranged between 28 and 1041 kg m−1 s−1 MPa−1. Basic specific gravity varied between 0.26 and 0.61. Consequently, liana wood trait variability, even within a small sample, was comparable in magnitude with tree surveys from other tropical sites and the pantropical liana dataset. Conclusions: This study illustrates that even controlling for site and soil type, liana traits are heterogeneous and cannot be considered as a homogeneous growth form. Our results show that the liana hydraulic architecture heterogeneity across and within sites warrants further investigation in order to categorize lianas into functional groups in the same way as trees
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Yuan, Xu, Kati Laakso, Philip Marzahn, and G. Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa. "Canopy Temperature Differences between Liana-Infested and Non-Liana Infested Areas in a Neotropical Dry Forest." Forests 10, no. 10 (October 9, 2019): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100890.
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Lianas (woody vines) are important non-structural elements of all tropical forests. Current field observations across the Neotropics suggest that liana abundance is rising as a result of forest disturbance, increasing atmospheric CO2, and more frequent extreme climate events. Lianas can cause mechanical stress on their host trees, thus increasing mortality, in addition to potentially reducing carbon storage capacity. Furthermore, previous studies have suggested that liana leaves have an overall higher temperature than tree leaves, which presents the question of whether these differences can be extended from the leaf to the canopy. In this context, the ability to detect these temperature differences from a remote sensing platform has so far not been put into test, despite the importance such knowledge can have in large-scale land surface modeling studies and liana extent monitoring. To partially fill this knowledge gap, we acquired thermal infrared data using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system over an intermediate tropical dry forest in Costa Rica, Central America. Classification results from a previous study in the same area were used to subset the thermal infrared images into liana-infested areas, non-liana infested areas, and forest gaps. The temperature differences between these three image components were then investigated using the Welch and Games–Howell post-hoc statistical tests. Our results suggest that liana-infested areas have, on average, a statistically significant higher temperature than non-liana infested areas. Shadowed forest gaps, used as reference, have a cooler temperature than forest canopies. Our findings on the temperature differences between liana-infested and non-liana infested areas support previous leaf-level observations and open the door to the use of new approaches for the classification and modeling of liana infestation in tropical ecosystems.
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ZHANG, QIANWEN, XIANGYI LU, and XUN BIAN. "One new species of Liara (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae; Agraeciini) from Guangxi." Zootaxa 5200, no. 6 (November 2, 2022): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5200.6.7.
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One new species of the genus Liara is described, Liara (Liara) longispina sp. nov. (Chinese name: 长刺雅螽) from Guangxi, China. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided for the new species.
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Addo-Fordjour, Patrick, Philip El Duah, and David Kafui Kudjo Agbesi. "Factors Influencing Liana Species Richness and Structure following Anthropogenic Disturbance in a Tropical Forest, Ghana." ISRN Forestry 2013 (January 16, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/920370.
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The study was conducted to determine the factors that influenced liana species richness and structure in forests of different disturbance intensities (high, moderate, and low disturbance forests) in the Southern Scarp Forest Reserve, Ghana. Within each forest, lianas (dbh cm) were enumerated in six m2 plots located along transects. Soil physicochemical properties and forest structure were determined within the plots. Liana species richness and abundance were significantly lower in the high disturbance forest () whereas basal area was significantly higher in the low disturbance forest (). Tree abundance and dbh significantly predicted liana species richness and structure in the study (). On the basis of the importance value index, three main liana communities, each corresponding with a forest type, were identified. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that exchangeable magnesium and calcium, and total exchangeable bases were the main soil variables that affected liana species richness. Liana structure was influenced by the above-mentioned soil variables as well as exchangeable potassium and sodium, and pH. The present study has demonstrated that changes in liana species richness and structure following human disturbance may be due to variations in soil properties and forest structure.
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Durán, Sandra M., and Ernesto Gianoli. "Carbon stocks in tropical forests decrease with liana density." Biology Letters 9, no. 4 (August 23, 2013): 20130301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0301.
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Tropical forests are experiencing structural changes that may reduce carbon storage potential. The recent increase in liana abundance and biomass is one such potential change. Lianas account for approximately 25 per cent of woody stems and may have a strong impact on tree dynamics because severe liana infestation reduces tree growth and increases tree mortality. Based on forest inventory data from 0.1 ha plots, we evaluated the association between above-ground carbon stocks and liana abundance in 145 tropical forests worldwide. Liana abundance was negatively associated with carbon stocks of large trees (greater than 10 cm diameter), while it was not related to small trees (10 cm diameter or less). Results suggest that liana abundance may have pervasive effects on carbon stocks in tropical forests, as large trees store about 90 per cent of total forest carbon. We stress the need to include liana abundance in carbon stocks estimates, as this can enhance the accuracy of predictions of global changes in tropical forests.
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Alvira, Diana, Francis E. Putz, and Todd S. Fredericksen. "Liana loads and post-logging liana densities after liana cutting in a lowland forest in Bolivia." Forest Ecology and Management 190, no. 1 (March 2004): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.007.
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Boukhalef, Laila, Aicha Nait Douch, Laila Bouqbis, Abdelhafed El Asbahani, Mourad Touaf, and Fatima Ain-Lhout. "Physiological and Morphological Response of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels to a Competing Liana: Case Study under Arid Climate." International Journal of Plant Biology 14, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijpb14010001.
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Lianas are woody climbing plants and are thought to impact the hosting trees negatively. Ephedra altissima is a liana rising on the Moroccan endemic tree Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels. In this study, our objective was to investigate the impact of the liana on the Argan tree’s physiology and leaf morphology. For that purpose, we compared gas exchange, relative water content, photosynthetic pigment content, and leaf dry mass per unit area of Argan trees associated and not associated with the liana. Our study on individual leaves does not give evidence of the existence or absence of aboveground competition between the liana and the hosting tree. Indeed, photosynthetic rates may suggest that no aboveground competition is occurring. In contrast, pigment content suggests a shading effect of the liana on the hosting tree during the winter season. Otherwise, Argan associated with the liana exhibited a high Chl a/b ratio at the beginning of the dry season, suggesting a belowground competition for nutrient resources. On the other hand, WUEi results indicate that the impact of the liana on the Argan tree may go through seasons with belowground competition for water during spring. The increased LMA values registered in trees associated with the lianasuggest the existence of belowground competition for nutrient resources that persist throughout the year.
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CARSTEN, L. D., F. A. JUOLA, T. D. MALE, and S. CHERRY. "Host associations of lianas in a south-east Queensland rain forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 1 (January 2002): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002067.
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Lianas are abundant in tropical forests around the world, yet little is known about their ecology. In this study we report the results of a survey of ten common liana species on 27 host tree species in Cooloola National Park, Queensland, Australia. We found significant associations between some liana and tree species. Our results indicate that host tree diameter was important in explaining liana presence or absence. Host tree fruit type was correlated with the presence or absence of different liana types. Tendrillar and root-climbing lianas tended to occur most often on mid-sized, fleshy-fruited trees, and on smaller, non-fleshy-fruited trees. The presence of stem twining lianas tended to decrease with increasing tree diameter for both fleshy- and non-fleshy-fruited trees, although this effect was more pronounced for fleshy-fruited trees. In general, lianas were most prevalent on trees possessing intermediate levels of bark roughness and flakiness. Although we established associative patterns between liana species and these host characteristics, the model suggested that other unidentified variables may also be important in determining presence or absence of liana species.
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THWALA, J. J., and S. R. Diamini. "LILUMBO LIDLA UMNINILO." South African Journal of African Languages 13, sup3 (January 1993): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1993.10587005.
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Ok Lim, Dong. "Spiral Growth in Cudrania Tricuspidata Caused by Liana Entwinement." IAWA Journal 17, no. 2 (1996): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001442.
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The anatomy of Cudrania tricuspidata stemwood that grew spirally due to liana entwinement has been examined. In the first three years after entwinement by the liana (Pueraria thunbergiana) annual radial growth of the stemwood increased by 1.2 to 5.0 times . Thereafter the radial increment declined markedly as the liana continued to develop, producing abnormal growth in the tree stem. The wood of the liana-affected stem showed distinct differences in both cell orientation and anatomical characteristics compared with normal wood. In the first three year s after entwinement, the vessels became inclined to the stem axis. In later growth all the axial cells contributed to spiral grain angles up to 30° to the stem axis. Dimensions of vessels and fibres were also found to be affected. Physiological aspects of severe liana entwinement on the wood anatomy of the host stem are discussed.
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Vleut, Ivar, and Diego R. Pérez-Salicrup. "Lianas and their supporting plants in the understorey at Los Tuxtlas, Mexico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, no. 5 (July 25, 2005): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002531.
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Lianas are woody climbing plants that begin their life cycles as seedlings rooted in the ground, but eventually rely on other plants for physical support in order to reach the top of the forest canopy (Holbrook & Putz 1996, Putz & Holbrook 1991). Lianas can negatively affect plants they climb by competing with them for common resources such as light, water and nutrients, and by causing them direct physical damage (Dillenburg et al. 1995, Pérez-Salicrup & Barker 2000, Stevens 1987, Whigham 1984). Yet, there is little documentation about the size at which liana individuals of different species begin to climb on other plants in nature. This information is important because the size at which a liana begins to climb on other plants will determine when lianas potentially start physically affecting their supporting plants. Furthermore, although the growth of liana seedlings might be determined by light (Sanches & Válio 2002), the availability of support will also largely influence the rate of growth of liana stems (Peñalosa 1982, 1983, 1985). Thus, information about the size at which liana species find support in the forest understorey will be useful in understanding future growth of liana individuals.
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Martins, M. M. "Lianas as a food resource for brown howlers (Alouatta guariba) and southern muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides) in a forest fragment." Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 32, no. 1 (2009): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32800/abc.2009.32.0051.
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Lianas, woody vines, are abundant and diverse in tropical forests, but their relative contribution as a source of food for herbivores has been neglected. I compared feeding rates on lianas and trees of two sympatric primates, A. guariba and B. arachnoides, in Southeastern Brazil. Availability of liana foods was gathered in parallel with primate behavioral data collection. Liana represented 33.9% and 27.3% of food sources for A. guariba and B. arachnoides, respectively. Foods coming from trees, rather than from lianas, were significantly more consumed by B. arachnoides. However, both species took advantage of the continuously renewable and ephemeral food resources provided by liana. Availability of liana flowers correlated positively with A. guariba feeding proportions. The nutritional supply provided by lianas is apparently beneficial, or at least unharmful, but experiments comparing primate choices in forests with different liana abundances will help to shed light on their possible negative effect on communities
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Li, Buhang, Yingming Zhang, Fuchen Luan, Zuoqiang Yuan, Arshad Ali, Chengjin Chu, and Yue Bin. "Habitat Conditions and Tree Species Shape Liana Distribution in a Subtropical Forest." Forests 13, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13091358.
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Lianas are woody plants that require external support to reach the canopy. They are expanding in forests worldwide, possibly due to climate change and forest disturbance. Most studies on lianas have been conducted in tropical forests. Lianas are less explored in subtropical forests. We aimed to document the density and diversity of lianas, to test how habitat condition and the distribution of tree species affect the distributions of lianas based on data from a fully mapped 20 ha plot in subtropical China. We analyzed habitat association by fitting a generalized linear model with family-level liana abundance as response variable and family identity, and its interaction terms with topographic variables (slope, convexity, elevation, and sin(aspect)), as explanatory variables. We focused on the spatial associations of three liana species and 82 tree species with ≥100 individuals using the pair correlation function and redundancy analysis. We found a total of 1305 lianas, falling into 26 species, and 16 families, in the 20 ha plot. They accounted for 1.5% of individuals, 11.7% of species, and 0.4% of total basal area of woody plants in the plot. There were large variations in distributions of liana with respect to the four topographic variables among families, contrasting with former findings suggesting that lianas favor dry and hot habitats. The three most abundant liana species showed non-random associations with tree species, and they tended to positively associate with similar tree species but negatively associate with different tree species. The distribution of tree species explained 21.8% of variance in liana distribution. Our study suggested that both habitat conditions and tree composition intervene in determining liana distributions and that habitat heterogeneity may be a mechanism for liana diversity maintenance. Our study provides a basic understanding of liana diversity and distribution in this subtropical forest and contributes to future planning of liana studies and diversity conservation in subtropical forests under climate change.
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Albinali, Hajar Ahmed Hajar. "Majnoon Lila." Global Cardiology Science and Practice 2012, no. 2 (December 2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/gcsp.2012.16.
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Carmichael, J. K. "Lila Falling." Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.13.1.80.
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Moyano, Daniel. "Aunt Lila." Index on Censorship 17, no. 5 (May 1988): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228808534459.
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Storch, Volker, and Norbert Becker. "Lila Fluch." Biologie in unserer Zeit 44, no. 2 (April 2014): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.201490018.
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Hogan, J. Aaron, Silvette Mayorquín, Katherine Rice, Jill Thompson, Jess K. Zimmerman, and Nicholas Brokaw. "Liana dynamics reflect land-use history and hurricane response in a Puerto Rican forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, no. 2 (March 2017): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467417000049.
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Abstract:We studied lianas in a subtropical wet forest in Puerto Rico to understand how hurricane impacts and past human land-uses interact to affect liana dynamics over a 14-year period. We compared a high-intensity land-use area, where the forest that had been cleared, and used for subsistence agriculture before being abandoned in 1934 then regrew to a low-intensity land-use area, in which there had been only some selective experimental logging by the USDA Forest Service in the 1940s. Prior to our study, both areas were strongly affected by Hurricane Hugo in 1989, and again damaged to a lesser degree by Hurricane Georges in 1998, increasing canopy openness and subsequently increasing tree stem densities. Between 2001 and 2015, changes in the light environment and the recovery of forest structure resulted in roughly a 50% reduction in tree stem densities in the high-intensity land-use area, as recruited saplings naturally thinned. In this area, liana abundance increased by 103%, liana biomass tripled, and occupancy of trees by lianas grew by nearly 50%. In the low-intensity land-use area, juvenile stem densities were stable, and resultantly liana abundance only increased by 33%, liana biomass rose 39%, and the occupancy of trees was constant. Liana flower and fruit production increased over the 14-year interval, and these increases were much greater in the high-intensity land-use quadrats. Results of this study do show how rapid forest tree successional dynamics coincide with liana increases, but the confounding of hurricane effects of disturbance at our site, prevent us from asserting that the increases in liana density and biomass can be attributed to the same causes as those in forests elsewhere in the Neotropics.
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Asrianny, Marian, and Ngakan Putu Oka. "KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KELIMPAHAN JENIS LIANA (TUMBUHAN MEMANJAT) PADA HUTAN ALAM DI HUTAN PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN." PERENNIAL 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v5i1.186.
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Liana is group of climbing species which is typical and characterize the tropical rain forest. This species have important value both ecologically and economically. However, data on this group on species in South Sulawesi, in particular in the Hasanuddin University Experimental Forest is not yet available.This study aimed to determine the diversity and abudance liana species present in the natural forest area of Hasanuddin University Experimental Forest. 15 plots was set in the order to observe the diversity and abudance of liana species. The data were analysed and presented interm of important value index, diversity index, abudance index, and evenness index. The results showed that there were various species of liana in which there were found 81 species, consist of 764 individuals. The most common species was Smilax sp, wich mostly claimb on Toona sureni, Buchanania arboreschense and Flacortia rucam as a host. Key words: diversity, abudance, liana, natural forest, Hasanuddin University Experimental Forest
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Addo-Fordjour, Patrick, and Zakaria B. Rahmad. "Environmental factors associated with liana community assemblages in a tropical forest reserve, Ghana." Journal of Tropical Ecology 31, no. 1 (September 24, 2014): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467414000522.
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Abstract:This study determined variation in liana diversity, composition and community structure in different topographic habitats, as well as the environmental factors associated with them in the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, Ghana. The above-mentioned liana assemblage attributes were examined in thirty 40 × 40-m plots, randomly demarcated within three topographic habitats at different average altitudes (hill bottom: 85.6 m asl, hill slope: 343 m asl, plateau: 641 m asl). Soil properties, altitude and slope angle were determined for the plots. Using multiple stepwise regression, non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, and analysis of similarity, environmental factors that influenced the above-mentioned attributes of liana assemblages were determined. The findings revealed significant variation in liana diversity, composition and community structure among the topographic habitats. Liana species composition related with soil P, Mg and moisture, and altitude. Soil Mg and P associated positively with species composition in the hill-bottom habitat while altitude and soil moisture related negatively with it. A reverse trend occurred in the other habitats. Five environmental factors related significantly with liana diversity and community structure as follows – species richness: soil Ca and Mg, altitude; Shannon diversity: soil Ca, altitude; abundance: soil moisture and P, altitude; basal area: soil moisture, P.
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Fornaro, M., F. Girolamo, L. Cavagna, F. Franceschini, M. Giannini, G. Zanframundo, M. Fredi, et al. "THU0344 CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF ANTI-MI2 DERMATOMYOSITIS: A MULTICENTRE RETROSPECTIVE COHORT." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4769.
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Background:Dermatomyositis (DM) shows a wide clinical spectrum that seems to be different based on the type of autoantibody status. Furthermore, less is known regarding to the histopathology of different serological subsets of DMObjectives:The aim of our study was to investigate clinical and histopathological hallmarks in adult DM patients positive for anti-Mi2 (Mi2+) antibody compared to DM patients negative for anti-Mi2 (Mi2-)Methods:All clinical data of adult DM patients admitted in three tertiary Rheumatology Units, who fulfilled EULAR/ACR 2017 classification criteria1, were included in this study. Overlap syndrome and antisynthetase syndrome were exclusion criterion. Serum samples were tested in the local reference laboratories using line immunoassays methods for Myositis specific and associated antibodies. Histopathological study was carried out from muscle biopsies performed for diagnostic purpose in outpatient clinic of Bari (Italy) University. Quantitative analysis was performed for myofiber and capillary features, whereas semi-quantitative analysis (score from 0 to 3) was performed for inflammatory cells infiltrate, both at endomysial and perimysial sitesResults:A total of 95 DM patients, followed for a median (IQR) follow-up of 28 (9-85) months, were analyzed. Of these, 23 (24.2%) patients (87% female, mean age at onset 55.4±16.2 years) were anti-Mi2+, while 72 (75.8%) patients were Mi2- (72.2% female, mean age at onset 55.2±17 years). All Mi2+ patients showed muscle involvement. Moreover, Mi2+ DM showed higher levels of serum creatine kinase (CK) at onset compared to Mi2- (CK (IQR): 2649 UI/l (1130-6000) vs 575 UI/l (164-1617), p<0.001). Prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) was lower in Mi2+ patients (8.7% vs 30.6%, p=0.05), and no case of rapidly progressive ILD (RP-ILD) was found. Survival analysis at 5-years follow-up highlighted good survival for Mi2+ patients, but not different from Mi2- (95.7% vs 83.1%, p=0.151). Multivariate analysis showed that age at onset (HR:1.07), RP-ILD (HR:36.2) and cancer associated myositis (HR:6.1) correlated with a poor prognosis. Finally, a total of 26 biopsies (12 Mi2+ and 14 Mi2-) were included into the histological analysis showing higher prevalence of necrotic/degenerating myofibers (median (IQR) 2.6 (0.7-11)% vs 0.6 (0.4-1.1)%, p=0.009) and sarcoplasmic deposit of membrane attack complex (MAC) (median (IQR) 0.2 (0-1.2)% vs (0(0-0)%,p=0.009) in Mi2+ patients. In addition, the endomysial macrophage score was higher in Mi-2+ patients (median 1.5 (0.25-2) vs (0.5 (0-1), p=0.031)Conclusion:Mi2+ patients represent a specific DM subset with higher muscle damage, sarcoplasmic MAC deposits and endomysial macrophages infiltration as histological hallmarksReferences:[1]Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Dec;76(12):1955-1964Disclosure of Interests:Marco Fornaro: None declared, Francesco Girolamo: None declared, Lorenzo Cavagna: None declared, Franco Franceschini: None declared, margherita giannini: None declared, Giovanni Zanframundo: None declared, Micaela Fredi: None declared, Marilin Tampoia: None declared, Angela Amati: None declared, Luigi Serlenga: None declared, Anna Lia: None declared, Liala Moschetti: None declared, Dario Dabbicco: None declared, Laura Coladonato: None declared, Florenzo Iannone Consultant of: Speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, MSD, Speakers bureau: Speaker and consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, MSD
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Lombardi, Julio Antonio, and Leonardo Biral. "Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Celastraceae." Rodriguésia 67, no. 5spe (2016): 1285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667528.
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Resumo Este estudo apresenta as espécies de Celastraceae registradas para as áreas de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, incluindo descrição morfológica, ilustrações e comentários. Foram encontradas quatro espécies para a região: Anthodon decussatum, liana amplamente distribuída pelo neotrópico; Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides, liana restrita à região amazônica; Maytenus guyanensis, arbusto ou árvore de ampla distribuição no neotrópico; e Tontelea laxiflora, liana distribuída pela região amazônica sul americana e nordeste do Brasil.
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Fadjeri, M., Emi Malaysia, and Dwinita Aquastini. "STUDI PERTAMBAHAN PANJANG SULUR LIANA BERDAU LEBAR (Merremia peltata) DI AREAL KAMPUS POLITEKNIK PERTANIAN NEGERI SAMARINDA." JURNAL AGRIMENT 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51967/jurnalagriment.v6i1.493.
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The purpose of this research is to find out the increase in the length of long Liana Broad-leavedtendrils ( Merremia Peltata) in the Area of Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic Campus. Theresearch was conducted for 2 months in the area Campus of Agricultural Polytechnic StateSamarinda which includes preparation and marking activities of selected liana, making ajir, wrappingliana to stick where to vine, data retrieval, data processing and reporting. The data taken in this studyare: (1) Increase in the length of tendrils Liana Broad-leaved ( Merremia Peltata) that is deliberatelyallowed to creep above the surface of the ground (treatment 1st); (2) increase in the length of tendrilsLiana Broad-leaved ( Merremia Peltata) deliberately bought on stick where to vine (treatment 2nd);dan (3) the number of Liana twists on each stick where to vine.Sampling is done intentionally(purposive sampling), namely by searching for liana in campus areas that are eligible for use inresearch. The number of samples for lyanas that are deliberately left to creep above ground level anddeliberately wrapped around stick where to vine each 30 individuals. The results of the study are asfollows: (1) the increase in the length of tendrils Liana Broad-leaved (Merremia Peltata) that isdeliberately allowed to creep above the ground (treatment 1st) is the amount of increase in tendrillength 12945.10 cm and average 431.50 cm / 6 weeks;(2) increase in the length of tendrils LianaBroad-leaved ( Merremia Peltata) deliberately bought on ajir (treatment 2) is the amount of increase intendril length 12835.10 cm and average 427.84 cm / 6 weeks; and (3) the increase of Liana BroadLeaved (Merremia Peltata) in stick where to vine is the amount of 214.00 twists and an average of7.13 twists.
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Mohandass, Dharmalingam, Alice C. Hughes, Mason Campbell, and Priya Davidar. "Effects of patch size on liana diversity and distributions in the tropical montane evergreen forests of the Nilgiri Mountains, southern India." Journal of Tropical Ecology 30, no. 6 (August 20, 2014): 579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467414000455.
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Abstract:We investigate the effect of patch size on liana diversity and distribution in 19 patches of montane evergreen forest in the Nilgiri hills, Western Ghats, southern India. Additionally, we examined how liana species richness and community assemblage in both edge (within 10 m of the forest edge) and interior regions of forest patches respond to patch size, in order to infer the impact of forest expansion or reduction on the liana communities. A total of 1276 woody liana individuals of 15 species were identified, belonging to 10 genera and nine families. Total species richness of lianas was significantly positively related to forest-patch area, both when analysed for the entire patch, in addition to both core and edge regions when examined separately. Species richness of larger lianas also showed a significant positive relationship with increasing forest patch area. Community assemblage varied with respect to forest edge, with shade-dependent species only occurring in interior patch regions, shade-averse species in edge regions, and shade-tolerant species occurring throughout. Disturbance also played a role in determining the response of liana diversity to patch size, with heavily disturbed patches showing no relationship between patch size and diversity, whereas positive relationships exist in low to moderately disturbed patches. The most significant result is the change in liana community composition between small and larger fragments. Many species present in smaller patches are also present in edge zones of larger fragments. This suggests that lianas are important structural components of montane forest ecosystems, and their compositional patterns are possibly driven by succession. Moreover, this study reveals the importance of edge effect and patch size in influencing liana species richness and compositional patterns.
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Zhang, Tengfei, Shigehito Isobe, Yongming Wang, Chaomei Liu, Naoyuki Hashimoto, and Keisuke Takahashi. "Enhanced hydrogen desorption properties of LiAlH4 by doping lithium metatitanate." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 39 (2016): 27623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05014j.
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van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., Jennifer S. Powers, and Stefan A. Schnitzer. "Lianas reduce carbon accumulation and storage in tropical forests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 43 (October 12, 2015): 13267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504869112.
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Tropical forests store vast quantities of carbon, account for one-third of the carbon fixed by photosynthesis, and are a major sink in the global carbon cycle. Recent evidence suggests that competition between lianas (woody vines) and trees may reduce forest-wide carbon uptake; however, estimates of the impact of lianas on carbon dynamics of tropical forests are crucially lacking. Here we used a large-scale liana removal experiment and found that, at 3 y after liana removal, lianas reduced net above-ground carbon uptake (growth and recruitment minus mortality) by ∼76% per year, mostly by reducing tree growth. The loss of carbon uptake due to liana-induced mortality was four times greater in the control plots in which lianas were present, but high variation among plots prevented a significant difference among the treatments. Lianas altered how aboveground carbon was stored. In forests where lianas were present, the partitioning of forest aboveground net primary production was dominated by leaves (53.2%, compared with 39.2% in liana-free forests) at the expense of woody stems (from 28.9%, compared with 43.9%), resulting in a more rapid return of fixed carbon to the atmosphere. After 3 y of experimental liana removal, our results clearly demonstrate large differences in carbon cycling between forests with and without lianas. Combined with the recently reported increases in liana abundance, these results indicate that lianas are an important and increasing agent of change in the carbon dynamics of tropical forests.
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Kusuma, Reni Merta, Yuli Astuti, and Arum Margi Kusumawardhani. "HUBUNGAN LINGKAR LENGAN ATAS IBU HAMIL DENGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI BARU LAHIR DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA." Medika Respati : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.35842/mr.v14i2.244.
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Latar Belakang: Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) ibu hamil salah satu indikator penentu status gizi ibu hamil. Status ibu hamil menentukan berat badan bayi yang akan dilahirkan. Bayi dengan berat badan lahir kurang dari 2500 gram atau lebih dari 4000 gram potensial berisiko kesehatannya.Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi LILA ibu hamil dan mengetahui hubungan antara LILA ibu hamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain prospektif cross-sectional dengan menghubungkan 2 variabel. Sampel berjumlah 119 ibu hamil. Analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan deskriptif. Analisis bivariat menggunakan korelasi spearman.Hasil: Karakteristik responden 75% pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga dan dari pendidikan 67,4% responden memiliki tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK. Responden ditemukan usia termuda 17 tahun dan tertua 49 tahun sehingga masuk dalam kehamilan berisiko. Ukuran LILA ibu hamil paling rendah 20 cm. Nilai p=0,005 (terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara variabel LILA ibu hamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir. Nilai 0,254 (kekuatan korelasinya lemah). Arah positif (searah, semakin besar nilai 1 variabel semakin besar pula nilai variabel lainnya).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara LILA ibu hamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir.Kata Kunci: LILA Ibu Hamil, Berat Badan Bayi Baru Lahir
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Chikhaoui, Rihab, Zoulikha Hebboul, Mohamed Abdelilah Fadla, Kevin Bredillet, Akun Liang, Daniel Errandonea, Sandrine Beauquis, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nanoparticles of Lithium Aluminum Iodate LiAl(IO3)4, and DFT Calculations of the Crystal Structure and Physical Properties." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): 3289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123289.
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Here we report on the non-hydrothermal aqueous synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline lithium aluminum iodate, LiAl(IO3)4. Morphological and compositional analyses were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray measurements (EDX). The optical and vibrational properties of LiAl(IO3)4 have been studied by UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy. LiAl(IO3)4 is found to crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric, monoclinic P21 space group, contrary to what was reported previously. Theoretical simulations and Rietveld refinements of crystal structure support this finding, together with the relatively high Second Harmonic Generation (SGH) response that was observed. Electronic band structure calculations show that LiAl(IO3)4 crystal has an indirect band gap Egap=3.68 eV, in agreement with the experimental optical band gap Egap=3.433 eV. The complex relative permittivity and the refraction index of LiAl(IO3)4 have also been calculated as a function of energy, as well as its elastic constants and mechanical parameters. LiAl(IO3)4 is found to be a very compressible and ductile material. Our findings imply that LiAl(IO3)4 is a promising material for optoelectronic and non -linear optical applications.
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Prihandini, Kurnia Dwi, Purbowati, and Indri Mulyasari. "HUBUNGAN LINGKAR LENGAN ATAS DENGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA DEWASA MUDA." JURNAL GIZI DAN KESEHATAN 11, no. 26 (July 4, 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35473/jgk.v11i26.53.
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Latar Belakang : Indikator penilaian status gizi pada dewasa dengan menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Namun, pada individu yang tidak dapat diukur tinggi badan dan ditimbang berat badan secara aktual diperlukan indikator lain. Salah satu indikator lain untuk memperkirakan IMT yaitu Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA)
Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan LILA dengan IMT pada dewasa muda.
Metode : Jenis penelitian ini merupakan studi kolerasi menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi yang digunakan yaitu mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan dan Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Ngudi Waluyo yang berusia 19-29 tahun. Sampel sebanyak 303 responden diambil menggunakan metode disproportionate random sampling. LILA di ukur dengan menggunakan metline pada posisi berbaring dan nilai IMT diperoleh dengan berat badan (kg) dibagi tinggi badan (m) kuadrat yang diukur pada posisi berdiri. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji kolerasi Spearman rho (α = 0,05).
Hasil : Rata-rata LILA responden yaitu 254,00 ± 38,2 mm, LILA terendah 186,00 mm dan tertinggi 412,00 mm. Rata-rata IMT responden yaitu 22,45 ± 4,6 kg/m2 . IMT terendah 15,17 kg/m2 dan tertinggi 45,63 kg/m2 . Ada hubungan LILA dengan IMT pada dewasa muda (p=0,0001).
Simpulan : Ada hubungan LILA dengan IMT pada dewasa muda
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Coverdale, Tyler C., Ryan D. O’Connell, Matthew C. Hutchinson, Amanda Savagian, Tyler R. Kartzinel, Todd M. Palmer, Jacob R. Goheen, et al. "Large herbivores suppress liana infestation in an African savanna." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 41 (September 27, 2021): e2101676118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101676118.
Full textAbstract:
African savannas are the last stronghold of diverse large-mammal communities, and a major focus of savanna ecology is to understand how these animals affect the relative abundance of trees and grasses. However, savannas support diverse plant life-forms, and human-induced changes in large-herbivore assemblages—declining wildlife populations and their displacement by livestock—may cause unexpected shifts in plant community composition. We investigated how herbivory affects the prevalence of lianas (woody vines) and their impact on trees in an East African savanna. Although scarce (<2% of tree canopy area) and defended by toxic latex, the dominant liana, Cynanchum viminale (Apocynaceae), was eaten by 15 wild large-herbivore species and was consumed in bulk by native browsers during experimental cafeteria trials. In contrast, domesticated ungulates rarely ate lianas. When we experimentally excluded all large herbivores for periods of 8 to 17 y (simulating extirpation), liana abundance increased dramatically, with up to 75% of trees infested. Piecewise exclusion of different-sized herbivores revealed functional complementarity among size classes in suppressing lianas. Liana infestation reduced tree growth and reproduction, but herbivores quickly cleared lianas from trees after the removal of 18-y-old exclosure fences (simulating rewilding). A simple model of liana contagion showed that, without herbivores, the long-term equilibrium could be either endemic (liana–tree coexistence) or an all-liana alternative stable state. We conclude that ongoing declines of wild large-herbivore populations will disrupt the structure and functioning of many African savannas in ways that have received little attention and that may not be mitigated by replacing wildlife with livestock.
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Carneiro, Magda Silva, Caroline Cambraia Furtado Campos, and Flavio Nunes Ramos. "Liana and bamboo cover threaten shrub populations in Atlantic forest fragments." Australian Journal of Botany 65, no. 4 (2017): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt16121.
Full textAbstract:
Abiotic and biotic changes caused by forest fragmentation have led to the decline of many plant species. We sought to investigate how biotic (liana and bamboo cover) and abiotic (soil moisture, litter depth, and canopy openness) factors affect the total abundance and the numbers of individuals of Psychotria vellosiana Benth. at each stage of its life cycle (seedlings, juvenile I and II, adult reproductive and vegetative) in a fragmented landscape. P. vellosiana was selected because it is a forest species, important for fauna, especially ants and birds in the understory, and is highly abundant in semideciduous Atlantic forest areas. We hypothesised that fragments with less humidity, greater litter depth, greater canopy openness, and more liana and bamboo cover would contain fewer individuals at all five life cycle stages of that species. Ten 0.01 ha plots were set up in semideciduous Atlantic Forest fragments, and all individuals of P. vellosiana were tagged and measured. The study also measured canopy openness, soil moisture, litter depth, and bamboo and liana cover. Our results indicated that there was a negative relationship between liana and bamboo cover at all stages of the life cycle of P. vellosiana. This is one of the few studies that has investigated environmental effects on all stages of the life cycle of a plant population, and demonstrates that liana and bamboo cover can affect all stages of plant growth and development. Despite some restrictions, we can affirm that forest species are threatened by fragmentation processes, and that the main threat to local populations of P. vellosiana is liana and bamboo cover.