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Aldossari, Haifa, and Michael Mascagni. "Scrambling additive lagged-Fibonacci generators." Monte Carlo Methods and Applications 28, no. 3 (August 4, 2022): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mcma-2022-2115.
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Abstract Random numbers are used in a variety of applications including simulation, sampling, and cryptography. Fortunately, there exist many well-established methods of random number generation. An example of a well-known pseudorandom number generator is the lagged-Fibonacci generator (LFG). Marsaglia showed that the lagged-Fibonacci generator using addition failed some of his DIEHARD statistical tests, while it passed all when longer lags were used. This paper presents a scrambler that takes bits from a pseudorandom number generator and outputs (hopefully) improved pseudorandom numbers. The scrambler is based on a modified Feistel function, a method used in the generation of cryptographic random numbers, and multiplication by a chosen multiplier. We show that this scrambler improves the quality of pseudorandom numbers by applying it to the additive LFG with small lags. The scrambler performs well based on its performance with the TestU01 suite of randomness tests. The TestU01 suite of randomness tests is more comprehensive than the DIEHARD tests. In fact, the specific suite of tests we used from TestU01 includes the DIEHARD tests The scrambling of the LFG is so successful that scrambled LFGs with small lags perform as well as unscrambled LFGs with long lags. This comes at the cost of a doubling of execution time, and provides users with generators with small memory footprints that can provide parallel generators like the LFGs in the SPRNG parallel random number generation package.
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Tasser, Christian, Dave Jackson, Khalil Kairouz, and Peter Bokor. "Landfill gas condensate treatment options to eliminate odor issues and to use water for dust control." Water Practice and Technology 15, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.044.
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Abstract A large landfill-gas-to-power facility retained the authors to provide process evaluation and development support for a conceptual design of a landfill gas condensate (LFGC) treatment system to eliminate odor issues and reduce organic loads to the sewer or use the water for dust control. Based on the operational observations and water quality data, the source of the LFGC is moisture from gas generated by the decay of waste in the landfill that is transmitted to the power generation facilities by way of the landfill gas (LFG) collection system. As part of this project, the authors reviewed the data, and this presentation includes recommendations for long-term treatment solutions so that a permanent system can be designed, bid, procured, and installed. The purpose of the abstract is to present the findings of this analysis of LFGC treatment system alternatives to identify practical, commercially available solutions with the primary goal to reduce odor issues related to LFGC both on-site and in the sewer system, and to reduce water usage at the site for dust control. The method to evaluate the various treatment options was based on treatment efficiency, and capital and life-cycle costs. The conclusion was to continue with pilot testing of the most suitable options, which was anaerobic treatment followed by polishing with a moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) to reuse the product water in cooling towers or for dust control.
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Menikdiwela, Kalhara, Benjamin Madura, Mohammad Yosofvand, Shane Scoggin, Joao Pedro Torres Guimaraes, Hanna Moussa, and Naima Moustaid-Moussa. "Metabolic Effects of Dietary pH, Protein Source and Fat Content in Diet-induced Obese Mice." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac070.036.
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Abstract Objectives Higher intake of saturated fats, salts, and fatty proteins has been linked to metabolic diseases (e.g., obesity), in part through low-grade metabolic acidosis and inflammation. Hence, our objective was to test the effects of protein sources and preparations in diet induced obese B6 male and female mice, compared to low fat-fed mice. We hypothesized that metabolic health will be improved by consuming a diet containing pH-enhanced beef or casein diets, compared to a non-pH-enhanced diets. Methods B6 male and female mice were randomized (n = 10) into 8 diets that differ in protein source, pH enhancement, and fat content: low fat casein (LFC), pH-enhanced (with ammonia) LFC (LFCN), LF lean beef (LFB), LFBN, high fat casein (HFC), HFCN, HF beef (HFB), HFBN. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly for 12 weeks. White adipose tissue (WAT) was collected at study termination and used for histology, RNA and protein isolation for analyses of fat cell size, and gene (qRT-PCR) and protein (Western blotting) expression. Three-way ANOVA was performed to identify main effects as well as interactions of dietary pH x protein source x fat content, separately in males, and females. Results We identified a significant main effect of diet (LF/HF) on fat pad weights in males (F (1,71) = 91.94, p < 0.0001) and females (F (1,72) = 5.111, p = 0.0268). No effect of protein source or change of dietary pH was observed on fat pad weights. However, WAT histology indicated a substantial change in adipose tissue quality, with reduced adipocyte area (p < 0.05) in LF, LFN, HFCN, HFB, HFBN groups compared to HFC in males. Additionally, in both males and females, protein levels of pAkt and pAMPK were upregulated in adipose tissue of mice fed HF diets with increased pH (HFCN, HFBN), compared to non-pH enhanced HF diets. Conclusions Our findings indicate potential metabolic benefits of increasing dietary pH, as shown by improved adipose tissue cellularity and improved insulin signaling and energy sensing/fat oxidation-related markers. Thus, additional research is warranted to determine mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects of pH enhancement. These findings also merit further mechanistic studies in animals, as well as future clinical research to translate our results into humans and dissect interactions between protein source, pH and fat content on metabolic diseases. Funding Sources Empirical Foods.
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Chen, Bin, Lingyan Ruan, and Miu-Ling Lam. "LFGAN." ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 16, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3366371.
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Yamamoto, T., and J. Fujita. "INCIDENCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF LATERAL FEMORAL CUTANEOUS NERVE INJURY AFTER PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE THREE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_12 (June 23, 2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.12.067.
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Injury of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) is one of the known complications after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) using anterior approach. We previously reported that the incidence of LFCN injury was 48% at 1 year after PAO. However, there was no study examining the sequential changes of LFCN injury status. In this study, we performed a prospective over 3-year follow-up study as to the incidence of LFCN injury as well as its clinical outcomes.This study included 40 consecutive hips in 40 patients (3 males and 37 females) who underwent PAO from May 2016 to July 2018. The mean age at surgery was 36.7 years (17 to 60). The mean observation period was 47.3 months (36 to 69). The incidence and severity of LFCN injury was evaluated, while clinical scores, including the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), were also investigated.At 3 years after PAO, LFCN injury was observed in 13 of 40 (33%) patients, in which 7 patients who had a symptom at 1 year have completely recovered. There was no significant difference in the HHS and SF-36 between patients with and without LFCN injury at 3 years. Regarding the JHEQ, a significant difference was recognized in the patient satisfaction and mental score between patients with and without LFCN injury, but there were no significant differences in the other clinical scores.The incidence of LFCN injury gradually decreased to 33% at 3 years after CPO. LFCN injury did not influence the clinician-reported outcome, while it had a negative impact on patient satisfaction and mental score based on the patient-reported outcome.
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Xu, Zhaoyang, Lili Tu, Yanyan Zheng, Xiaohui Ma, Han Zhang, and Ming Zhang. "Fine architecture of the fascial planes around the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve at its pelvic exit: an epoxy sheet plastination and confocal microscopy study." Journal of Neurosurgery 131, no. 6 (December 2019): 1860–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.7.jns181596.
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OBJECTIVEMeralgia paresthetica is commonly caused by mechanical entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The entrapment often occurs at the site where the nerve exits the pelvis. Its optimal surgical management remains to be established, partly because the fine architecture of the fascial planes around the LFCN has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to define the fascial configuration around the LFCN at its pelvic exit.METHODSThirty-six cadavers (18 female, 18 male; age range 38–97 years) were used for dissection (57 sides of 30 cadavers) and sheet plastination and confocal microscopy (2 transverse and 4 sagittal sets of slices from 6 cadavers). Thirty-four healthy volunteers (19 female, 15 male; age range 20–62 years) were examined with ultrasonography.RESULTSThe LFCN exited the pelvis via a tendinous canal within the internal oblique–iliac fascia septum and then ran in an adipose compartment between the sartorius and iliolata ligaments inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). The iliolata ligaments newly defined and termed in this study were 2–3 curtain strip–like structures which attached to the ASIS superiorly, were interwoven with the fascia lata inferomedially, and continued laterally as skin ligaments anchoring to the skin. Between the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae, the LFCN ran in a longitudinal ligamental canal bordered by the iliolata ligaments.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated that 1) the pelvic exit of the LFCN is within the internal oblique aponeurosis and 2) the iliolata ligaments form the part of the fascia lata over the LFCN and upper sartorius. These results indicate that the internal oblique–iliac fascia septum and iliolata ligaments may make the LFCN susceptible to mechanical entrapment near the ASIS. To surgically decompress the LFCN, it may be necessary to incise the oblique aponeurosis and iliac fascia medial to the LFCN tendinous canal and to free the iliolata ligaments from the ASIS.
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Ozaki, Yu, Tomonori Baba, Yasuhiro Homma, Hiroki Tanabe, Hironori Ochi, Sammy Bannno, Taiji Watari, and Kazuo Kaneko. "Preoperative ultrasound to identify distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve in total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach." SICOT-J 4 (2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2018037.
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Introduction: Recently, the branching pattern of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) named Fan type has been reported that LFCN injury cannot be avoided in surgical dissections that use the direct anterior approach to the hip joint in the cadaveric study. We hypothesized that the Fan type can be identified by ultrasound The aim of this study was to investigate whether LFCN injury occurs in DAA-THA in cases identified as the Fan type based on preoperative ultrasound of the proximal femur. Methods: Ultrasonography of the proximal femur on the surgical side was performed before surgery and the LFCN distribution was judged as the Fan type or Non-Fan type. A self-reported questionnaire was sent to the patients at two months after surgery, and the presence or absence of LFCN injury was prospectively surveyed. Results: After application of exclusion criteria, 45 hips were included. LFCN injury was observed after surgery in 9 of the 10 patients judged as the Fan type based on the ultrasound of the proximal femur (positive predictive value: 90%), and no LFCN disorder was actually observed in 25 of the 26 patients judged as Non-Fan type (specificity: 96.2%). Conclusions: To prevent injury of the LFCN in patients judged as the Fan type on the ultrasound test before surgery, the risk of direct injury of the LFCN may be reduced through the approach in which an incision is made in the fascia which is opposite to the radial spreading, i.e., between the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae muscles or slightly medial from it.
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Ozaki, Yu, Yasuhiro Homma, Tomonori Baba, Kei Sano, Asuka Desroches, and Kazuo Kaneko. "Spontaneous healing of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury and improved quality of life after total hip arthroplasty via a direct anterior approach." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 230949901668475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499016684750.
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Purpose: How the symptomatology of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury changes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) via direct anterior approach (DAA) is not known. Our hypothesis was that the symptoms of LFCN injury after THA via DAA in longer follow-up periods would resolve spontaneously, leading to an improved quality of life (QOL). The aims of this study were to investigate how the symptom LFCN injury changed after DAA–THA, and how those changes affected QOL. Methods: We investigated the incidence of LFCN injury after DAA–THA using self-reported questionnaires at two time points (initial survey: August 2014, present survey: August 2015). QOL was assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Types (dysesthesia or hypesthesia) and changes of the symptom were surveyed. Results: About 122 hips at average12.8 months postoperatively (initial survey), and of those, 89 hips at average 26.2 months postoperatively (present survey) were analyzed. The incidence of LFCN injury decreased significantly, from 31.9% to 11.2% ( p < 0.001). Spontaneous improvement of symptoms was seen in 96%. The difference of FJS-12 between patients with and without LFCN injury at the initial survey disappeared at the present survey. The dysesthesia group showed significant correlations between rate of improvement in LFCN injury and increase of QOL. Conclusion: Most symptoms of LFCN injury resolved spontaneously with longer follow-up periods. In particular, improvement of dysesthesia as a symptom of LFCN injury was associated with better QOL.
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Yoo, Seung-hee, Min-jin Lee, Min-hyouk Beak, and Won-joong Kim. "Efficacy of Supplemental Ultrasound-Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block Combined with Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block in Patients Receiving Local Infiltration Analgesia after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial." Medicina 60, no. 2 (February 12, 2024): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60020315.
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Background and Objectives: Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) represents a potential approach to reducing pain in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block also provides adequate analgesia for fractures and THA. As most hip surgeries use a lateral incision, affecting the cutaneous supply by branches of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN), the LFCN block can contribute to postoperative analgesia. However, no studies have investigated the effectiveness of supplemental PENG block combined with LFCN block in patients undergoing LIA after hip fracture surgery. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness of PENG combined with LFCN block following hip fracture surgery in patients who underwent LIA. Materials and Methods: Forty-six patients were randomly assigned to LIA or PENG + LFCN + LIA groups. The primary outcome was the pain score at rest and during movement at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. The total opioid dose for postoperative analgesia was also measured at the same time points. Secondary outcomes included postoperative cognitive function assessment. Results: The median pain scores at rest and during movement were lower in the PENG + LFCN + LIA group throughout the study periods compared to the LIA group, except at 2 h (at rest) and 48 h (during movement) after surgery. The total fentanyl dose was lower in the PENG + LFCN + LIA group at all time points after surgery when compared to the LIA group. Postoperative delirium incidence and the median abbreviated mental test scores were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: The combination of PENG and LFCN blocks may contribute to enhanced recovery for patients undergoing LIA after hip fracture surgery. However, further well-controlled research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of supplemental PENG combined with LFCN block in addressing cognitive deficits in these patients.
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van Tuyl, Minke, Freek Groenman, Maciek Kuliszewski, Ross Ridsdale, Jinxia Wang, Dick Tibboel, and Martin Post. "Overexpression of lunatic fringe does not affect epithelial cell differentiation in the developing mouse lung." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): L672—L682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00247.2004.
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The Notch/Notch-ligand pathway regulates cell fate decisions and patterning in various tissues. Several of its components are expressed in the developing lung, suggesting that this pathway is important for airway cellular patterning. Fringe proteins, which modulate Notch signaling, are crucial for defining morphogenic borders in several organs. Their role in controlling cellular differentiation along anterior-posterior axis of the airways is unknown. Herein, we report the temporal-spatial expression patterns of Lunatic fringe (Lfng) and Notch-regulated basic helix-loop-helix factors, Hes1 and Mash-1, during murine lung development. Lfng was only expressed during early development in epithelial cells lining the larger airways. Those epithelial cells also expressed Hes1, but at later gestation Hes1 expression was confined to epithelium lining the terminal bronchioles. Mash-1 displayed a very characteristic expression pattern. It followed neural crest migration in the early lung, whereas at later stages Mash-1 was expressed in lung neuroendocrine cells. To clarify whether Lfng influences airway cell differentiation, Lfng was overexpressed in distal epithelial cells of the developing mouse lung. Overexpression of Lfng did not affect spatial or temporal expression of Hes1 and Mash-1. Neuroendocrine CGRP and protein gene product 9.5 expression was not altered by Lfng overexpression. Expression of proximal ciliated (β-tubulin IV), nonciliated ( CCSP), and distal epithelial cell ( SP-C, T1α) markers also was not influenced by Lfng excess. Overexpression of Lfng had no effect on mesenchymal cell marker (α-sma, vWF, PECAM-1) expression. Collectively, the data suggest that Lunatic fringe does not play a significant role in determining cell fate in fetal airway epithelium.
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Xu, Keli, Wen-Cheng Chung, Shubing Zhang, and Azeddine Atfi. "Abstract A068: Lfng-expressing centroacinar cell is a prime cell-of-origin for p53-deficient pancreatic cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 17_Supplement_2 (September 15, 2024): A068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.pancreatic24-a068.
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Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with poor understanding of etiology. Studies using mouse models showed that both acinar and ductal cells of the pancreas can be transformed by combination of oncogenic Kras and p53 mutations to form PDAC. How the transforming capacities of pancreatic cells are constrained, or whether a unique subset of cells serve as a prime target for oncogenic transformation, remains obscure. We found that expression of a Notch modulator, Lunatic Fringe (Lfng), is confined to a limited number of cells with centroacinar location and morphology in the adult mouse pancreas. These cells are selectively targeted by KrasG12D coupled with p53 loss-of-function (but not gain-of-function) mutations, leading to rapid pancreatic tumor formation, whereas the elimination of Lfng completely blocks the initiation of these tumors. We showed that p53 constrains the progenitor-like property of Lfng-expressing cells and that Lfng is required for hyperproliferation of these cells when p53 is inactivated. We identified Notch3 as a functional Notch receptor for PDAC initiation and progression in this context. Lfng expression is undetectable in normal acinar and ductal cells but upregulated in acinar- as well as ductal-derived precursor lesions, and its deletion hinders both the initiation and progression of these lesions. Collectively, Lfng marks a centroacinar subpopulation that is restrained by p53 and is uniquely susceptible to oncogenic transformation with p53 loss. Furthermore, Lfng functions as an oncogene in all three exocrine lineages in the adult pancreas. Genetic alterations of LFNG, predominantly in the forms of mRNA upregulation and gene amplification, were detected in 9% of PDAC patients and were associated with shortened overall survival. Consistent with its expression in mouse pancreas, LFNG immunostaining was noted in a subset of centroacinar cells in normal adjacent pancreatic tissues from human patients, and its expression in the adenocarcinoma specimens was positively correlated to tumor grade. Thus, LFNG may play an important role in human PDAC, in parallel with the one shown in the murine models. This study offers new insights into the pancreatic cancer cell-of-origin, initiation, and progression, which may lead to the identification of a therapeutic target for the disease. Citation Format: Keli Xu, Wen-Cheng Chung, Shubing Zhang, Azeddine Atfi. Lfng-expressing centroacinar cell is a prime cell-of-origin for p53-deficient pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pancreatic Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 15-18; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A068.
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Doi, Nobunao, Koichi Kinoshita, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Ayumi Minokawa, Daisuke Setoguchi, and Takuaki Yamamoto. "Incidence and clinical outcome of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury after periacetabular osteotomy." Bone & Joint Journal 103-B, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.103b4.bjj-2020-0990.r2.
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Aims Injury to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) is one of the known complications after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) performed using the anterior approach, reported to occur in between 1.5% and 65% of cases. In this study, we performed a prospective study on the incidence of LFCN injury as well as its clinical outcomes based on the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ). Methods The study included 42 consecutive hips in 42 patients (three male and 39 female) who underwent PAO from May 2016 to July 2018. We prospectively evaluated the incidence of LFCN injury at ten days, three months, six months, and one year postoperatively. We also evaluated the clinical scores, including the HHS, SF-36, and JHEQ scores, at one year postoperatively. Results LFCN injury was observed in 31 of 42 (74%) patients at ten days, of which 11 resolved completely by one year. Incidence decreased gradually, to 25 of 42 (60%) patients at three months, 24 of 42 patients (57%) at six months, and 20 of 42 (48%) patients at one year postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the HHS between patients with and without LFCN injury at one year postoperatively. Regarding the SF-36 and JHEQ, a significant difference in the mental score was recognized between patients with and without LFCN injury, but there were no significant differences in the other clinical scores. Conclusion The incidence of LFCN injury was 74% at ten days after PAO, and subsequently decreased to 48% at one year. LFCN injury did not influence the hip function as assessed by the HHS, but had a negative impact on mental health at one year. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):659–664.
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Tucci, Marissa, Samir Anadkat, Aaron S. Dumont, Robert J. Spinner, and R. Shane Tubbs. "139 Alternative Anatomical Landmarks for the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve: Cadaveric Study With Implications for Difficult Decompressive Cases." Neurosurgery 70, Supplement_1 (April 2024): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002809_139.
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INTRODUCTION: During decompressive procedures, localizing the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) using only the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) can be difficult due to variations in nerve course and specific patient anatomy, e.g., body habitus. Therefore, the present anatomical study was performed to provide additional landmarks for localizing this nerve. METHODS: The LFCN was dissected in 30 adult cadavers (60 sides). The nerve was exposed distal to the ASIS in the proximal thigh and along an imaginary line connecting the ASIS to the midpoint of the patella with the lower limb in a neutral position. RESULTS: The main trunk of the LFCN was identified deep to the fascia lata on all sides, 5-8 cm distal to the ASIS along the ASIS-patella line. The nerve was bordered by the sartorius muscle superficially and medially, the tensor fasciae latae muscle laterally, and the proximal rectus femoris tendon on its deep surface. Proximal to this triangular region, the LFCN was found to cross superficially to the proximal sartorius muscle on 58 sides and through the muscle on two sides. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest an alternative method for identifying the LFCN, which could help locate the nerve during challenging cases and reduce the incidence of iatrogenic LFCN injuries resulting from inadequate anatomical landmarks.
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Moritz, Thomas. "Common Anatomical Variation in Patients with Idiopathic Meralgia Paresthetica: A High Resolution Ultrasound Case-Control Study." May 2013 3;16, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2013): E287—E293. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2013/16/e287.
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Background: Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a mononeuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) characterized by pain, numbness or paresthesia on the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. Though several contributing factors have been identified, the cause of its idiopathic form still remains unclear. Anatomic and clinical studies have demonstrated a variable course for the LFCN and have suggested a contribution to the pathogenesis of MP. Objective: It was the aim of the present case-control study to assess the anatomical course and compression site of the LFCN using high resolution ultrasound (HRUS) in patients suffering from idiopathic MP, and compare the anatomical course in these patients to an asymptomatic control group. Study Design: Case-control study. Setting: Nerve imaging center at a large university hospital in Austria. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with a diagnosis of MP were included in this study (20 men, 8 women; mean age 54 years). The diagnosis was established by clinical history, physical examination, and diagnostic anesthetic block. Fifteen age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers served as the control group. Standardized HRUS examinations were performed by one experienced radiologist from June 2004 through April 2012. Two experienced radiologists reviewed the patients’ standardized HRUS examinations and performed examinations in the control group to measure the minimal distance between the LFCN and the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). Outcomes: The minimal distance between the ASIS and the LFCN was measured using HRUS. Results: The LFCN could be seen in all patients and volunteers. In MP patients, the mean distance between the LFCN and the ASIS was 0.52 cm (SD 0.46 cm), compared to a mean distance of 1.79 cm (SD 1.48 cm) in the control group (P < 0.001). Limitations: Limited sample size, retrospective design. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate a significantly different course of the LFCN, closer to the ASIS in patients with idiopathic MP. Key words: Ultrasound, meralgia paresthetica, entrapment neuropathy, assessment
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Nguyen, Phong Hoang, Quynh Khanh Nguyen Cao, and Long Ta Bui. "Energy recovery from municipal solid waste landfill for a sustainable circular economy in Danang City, Vietnam." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 964, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/964/1/012015.
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Abstract Sustainable development of Danang City in the direction of circular economy (CE) and a zero-waste city is an urgent solution because the impacts of local municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in the city’s districts are increasingly causing serious pressure for MSW management and treatment. Segregation of waste at source, reuse, recycling, and energy recovery from landfill gas (LFG) generated is considered as one of the keys to solving the dilemma of sustainable waste management. This study analyzed and evaluated the generation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly CH4 and CO2 gases from the Khanh Son landfill based on the application of the EnLandFill software and assessed the potential of energy recovery, clean electricity generation, as well as GHG emission reduction in the period of 2021 – 2050 based on the CE-oriented scenario of the city government. With the potential to recover LFGs in the period of 2021 – 2050 could reach 136.9 million m3 (with efficiency E = 90%), the total annual potential value of electricity generation is estimated at 420.767 million kWh, equivalent to the total potential for GHGs emission reduction (GWP) about 271.25 thousand tCO2-eq. At the same time, this will be a baseline study to serve as the basis for extensive assessments and to suggest the most appropriate waste management strategies and policies create a circular economy in the future.
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Menikdiwela, Kalhara R., João Pedro Tôrres Guimarães, Shane Scoggin, Lauren S. Gollahon, and Naima Moustaid-Moussa. "Dietary pH Enhancement Improves Metabolic Outcomes in Diet-Induced Obese Male and Female Mice: Effects of Beef vs. Casein Proteins." Nutrients 14, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 2583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132583.
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(1) Consumption of diets that are caloric dense but not nutrient dense have been implicated in metabolic diseases, in part through low-grade metabolic acidosis. Mitigation strategies through dietary intervention to alleviate acidosis have not been previously reported. Our objective is to determine the effects of pH enhancement (with ammonia) in high fat diet-induced obese mice that were fed beef or casein as protein sources compared to low fat diet-fed mice. (2) Methods: B6 male and female mice were randomized (n = 10) into eight diets that differ in protein source, pH enhancement of the protein, and fat content, and fed for 13 weeks: low fat (11% fat) casein (LFC), LF casein pH-enhanced (LFCN), LF lean beef (LFB), LFBN, high fat (46%) casein (HFC), HFCN, HF beef (HFB), and HFBN. Body weights and composition, and glucose tolerance tests were conducted along with terminal serum analyses. Three-way ANOVA was performed. (3) Results: A significant effect of dietary fat (LF vs. HF) was observed across all variables in both sexes (final body weight, fat mass, glucose clearance, and serum leptin). Importantly, pH enhancement significantly reduced adiposity (males only) and final body weights (females only) and significantly improved glucose clearance in both sexes. Lastly, clear sex differences were observed across all variables. (4) Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate metabolic benefits of increasing dietary pH using ammonia, while high fat intake per se (not protein source) is the major contributor to metabolic dysfunctions. Additional research is warranted to determine mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of pH enhancement, and interactions with dietary fat content and proteins.
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Fujita, Jun, Nobunao Doi, Koichi Kinoshita, Hajime Seo, Kenichiro Doi, and Takuaki Yamamoto. "Incidence and clinical outcome of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury after periacetabular osteotomy." Bone & Joint Journal 106-B, no. 5 Supple B (May 1, 2024): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.106b5.bjj-2023-0621.r1.
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AimsLateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a complication after periacetabular osteo-tomy (PAO) using an anterior approach, which might adversely affect the outcome. However, no prospective study has assessed the incidence and severity of this injury and its effect on the clinical outcomes over a period of time for longer than one year after PAO. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and severity of the symptoms of LFCN injury for ≥ three years after PAO and report its effect on clinical outcomes.MethodsA total of 40 hips in 40 consecutive patients who underwent PAO between May 2016 and July 2018 were included in the study, as further follow-up of the same patients from a previous study. We prospectively evaluated the incidence, severity, and area of symptoms following LFCN injury. We also recorded the clinical scores at one year and ≥ three years postoperatively using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) scores.ResultsA total of 20 patients (50%) had symptoms of a LFCN injury at one year after PAO. At ≥ three years postoperatively, the symptoms had completely resolved in seven of these patients and 13 (33%) had persistent symptoms. The severity and area of symptoms did not significantly differ between one and ≥ three years postoperatively. The JHEQ showed significant differences in the patient satisfaction and mental scores between those with and those without sypmtoms of LFCN injury at ≥ three years postoperatively, while there was no significant difference in the mean SF-36 scores.ConclusionThe incidence of LFCN injury after PAO using an anterior approach is high. The outcome of PAO, ≥ three years postoperatively, is poorer in patients with persistent symptoms from a perioperative LFCN injury, in that patient satisfaction and mental health scores are adversely affected.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):11–16.
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Naim, Asmaa, and abdallah baddou. "RADT-06. IDENTIFICATION OF NEW RADIATION RESPONSE PREDICTOR GENES FOR GLIOBLASTOMACRUCIAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE LUNATIC FRINGE GENE (LFNG)." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (November 1, 2024): viii73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0290.
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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is adults’ most common aggressive primary intracranial tumor. The current standard of care involves maximal safe surgery followed by radiochemotherapy. OBJECTIVE our study was to identify genes that predict response to radiochemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected molecular and clinical data, including primary glioma mRNA expression, from two international online databases - TCGA and CCGA. A total of 76 cases were examined, with 41 patients in the TCGA cohort and 35 in the CCGA cohort. The patients were divided into two groups before assessing the data. Group 1 included patients who were alive at the time of the analysis, and Group 2 included patients who had passed away. Then, we performed a single-center Moroccan transcriptomic study involving 28 cases to assess the impact of the individualized gene in our environment. RESULTS The following genes, namely SRPX, S100A16, LFNG, CD5, CMBL, and TCTN2, are among the top genes co-overexpressed in TCGA and CGGA patients. We conducted a multivariate COX survival test, taking into account known prognostic clinical parameters, and found that the LFNG gene is the only marker of poor prognosis independent of other clinical markers in TCGA and CGGA patients treated with radiotherapy. Our results indicate that patients who overexpress LFNG have elevated IFNg levels and low granzyme B levels, while the levels of perforin and granzyme A remain unaffected by LFNG variation. Furthermore, our results demonstrate positive correlations between LFNG gene expression and four immune checkpoints (PD1, PDL1, CTLA4, and VISTA), but negative correlations only with TIM3. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that LFNG could serve as a useful biomarker for identifying patients with poor prognosis and that LFNG expression may be associated with specific immune checkpoint expression patterns. These results have important implications for the development of new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of TCGA and CGGA patients.
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Ning, Yanzhe, Wenbin Jia, Dongqing Yin, Xinzi Liu, Hong Zhu, and Hongxiao Jia. "Disrupted Resting-State Functional Connectivity between the Dorsal Attention, Default Mode, and Frontoparietal Networks in Nonorganic Gastrointestinal Disorder Patients with Spleen Deficiency Syndrome." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (May 7, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6681903.
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Introduction. Spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS), a common clinical syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine, is manifested with digestive symptoms and cognitive impairments. However, the cognitive neural mechanism in brain networks of SDS still remained unclear. Our aim was to investigate the changes between the default mode, dorsal attention, and frontoparietal networks in SDS. Methods. Twenty nonorganic gastrointestinal disorder (NOGD) patients with SDS and eighteen healthy controls were enrolled to attend functional magnetic resonance imaging scan and participated a continuous performance test (CPT) before scanning. Results. Compared with healthy controls, NOGD patients with SDS showed the significantly increased functional connectivity (FC) between dorsal attention network (DAN) and left frontal-parietal control network (LFPN) and significantly decreased FC between LFPN and default mode network (DMN). The functional network connectivity analysis showed positive correlation coefficients between the DAN and LFPN and DAN and DMN as well as negative correlation between LFPN and DMN in NOGD patients with SDS compared with healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed that the increased FC between LFPN and DAN was positively correlated with 4-digitnumber reaction time mean (RTM) and 3-digitnumber RTM. Conclusion. Our study may provide novel insights into the relationship among the DMN, DAN, and FPN in NOGD patients with SDS to deepen our understanding of the neuropsychological mechanisms of SDS.
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Yuan, Julie S., Joanne B. Tan, Ioana Visan, Irina R. Matei, Peter Urbanellis, Keli Xu, Jayne S. Danska, Sean E. Egan, and Cynthia J. Guidos. "Lunatic Fringe prolongs Delta/Notch-induced self-renewal of committed αβ T-cell progenitors." Blood 117, no. 4 (January 27, 2011): 1184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-07-296616.
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Abstract Lunatic Fringe (Lfng) enhances Notch1 activation by Delta-like 4 (DL4) to promote Notch1-dependent T-lineage commitment of thymus-seeding progenitors. Subsequently, Notch1 and T-cell receptor-β (TCRβ)–containing pre-TCR complexes signal CD4/CD8 double-negative 3 (DN3) committed T-cell progenitors to survive, proliferate, and differentiate into CD4/CD8 double-positive (DP) αβ T-cell precursors. Few DP thymocytes develop without Notch1 or pre-TCR signals, whereas ectopic Notch1 activation causes T-cell leukemia. However, mechanisms of a Notch-pre-TCR collaboration during this “β-selection” process are poorly understood. We genetically manipulated Lfng to attenuate or enhance Notch1 activation in DN3 thymocytes without inducing leukemogenesis. We show that Lfng temporally sustains DL-induced Notch1 signaling to prolong proliferative self-renewal of pre-DP thymocytes. Pre-TCR signaling greatly augmented Notch trophic functions to promote robust proliferation of pre-DP progenitors. In contrast, in the absence of DL/Notch signaling, pre-TCR-expressing progenitors rapidly atrophied and differentiated into DP thymocytes. Thus, Lfng prolongs Notch1 signaling to promote self-renewal more than differentiation during the early stages of β-selection. Our data provide novel insights into the Notch-pre-TCR collaboration, and suggest that decreasing Lfng expression during the DN3-DP transition minimizes the potent leukemogenic potential of Notch1 signaling.
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Dian Novita Purnamasari, Nuraini Indrastie, and I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani. "The Variation of DLL3 and LFNG in Class III skeletal malocclusion with mandible prognathia." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 25, no. 1 (January 30, 2025): 2283–90. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.1.0309.
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Introduction Malocclusion is defined as a dentition disorder or an improper relationship between the maxillary and mandibular arches, and is one of the most common craniofacial developmental anomalies experienced by humans of various races and ethnicities. The prevalence of malocclusion in Indonesia reaches more than 80% with class III malocclusion reaching 15% in the Asian population. Aim To define the genetic pathway and the role of DLL3 and LFNG in skeletal class III malocclusion with mandibular prognathism. Material and Method A quantitative observational study was conducted with a total of 64 samples, divided into a control group, namely class I malocclusion and class III malocclusion group. Through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, one sample was selected from each group for further analysis using the whole genome sequencing method to obtain SNPs in the DLL3 and LFNG genes. Results There were 4 DLL3 mutations (rs8107127, rs8106337, rs1110627, and rs2304214) and 2 LFNG mutations (rs61564232 and rs34637446). DLL3 mutations are exonic synonymous and exonic missence. LFNG mutations are frameshift deletion and frameshift insertion. Conclusions The presence of DLL3 and LFNG mutations may play an important role in the process of mandibular bone formation through inhibition of NOTCH signaling and through interference with cyclical effects.
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Tanabe, Hiroki, Tomonori Baba, Yu Ozaki, Naotake Yanagisawa, Yasuhiro Homma, Masashi Nagao, Kazuo Kaneko, and Muneaki Ishijima. "Conventional versus lateral fasciotomy for prevention of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury in the non-fan-type nerve in total hip arthroplasty with direct anterior approach." Bone & Joint Journal 105-B, no. 12 (December 1, 2023): 1252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.105b12.bjj-2023-0375.r1.
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AimsLateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a potential complication after the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty (DAA-THA). The aim of this study was to determine how the location of the fasciotomy in DAA-THA affects LFCN injury.MethodsIn this trial, 134 patients were randomized into a lateral fasciotomy (n = 67) or a conventional fasciotomy (n = 67) group. This study was a dual-centre, double-blind, prospective randomized controlled two-arm trial with parallel group design and a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary endpoint was the presence of LFCN injury, which was determined by the presence of numbness, decreased sensation, tingling, jolt-like sensation, or pain over the lateral aspect of the thigh, excluding the surgical scar, using a patient-based questionnaire. The secondary endpoints were patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ), and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Assessments were obtained three months after surgery.ResultsThe incidence of LFCN injury tended to be lower in the lateral fasciotomy group (p = 0.089). In the lateral fasciotomy group, there were no significant differences in the mean PROM scores between patients with and without LFCN injury (FJS-12: 54.42 (SD 15.77) vs 65.06 (SD 26.14); p = 0.074; JHEQ: 55.21 (SD 12.10) vs 59.72 (SD 16.50); p = 0.288; WOMAC: 82.45 (SD 6.84) vs 84.40 (SD 17.91); p = 0.728). In the conventional fasciotomy group, there were significant differences in FJS-12 and JHEQ between patients with and without LFCN injury (FJS-12: 43.21 (SD 23.08) vs 67.28 (SD 20.47); p < 0.001; JHEQ: 49.52 (SD 13.97) vs 59.59 (SD 15.18); p = 0.012); however, there was no significant difference in WOMAC (76.63 (SD 16.81) vs 84.16 (SD 15.94); p = 0.107).ConclusionThe incidence of LFCN injury at three months after THA was comparable between the lateral and conventional fasciotomy groups. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of these approaches.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(12):1252–1258.
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Barua, Rashu, Kazuyuki Mizuno, Yuko Tashima, Mitsutaka Ogawa, Hideyuki Takeuchi, Ayumu Taguchi, and Tetsuya Okajima. "Bioinformatics and Functional Analyses Implicate Potential Roles for EOGT and L-fringe in Pancreatic Cancers." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 7, 2021): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040882.
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Notch signaling receptors, ligands, and their downstream target genes are dysregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), suggesting a role of Notch signaling in pancreatic tumor development and progression. However, dysregulation of Notch signaling by post-translational modification of Notch receptors remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the Notch-modifying glycosyltransferase involved in the regulation of the ligand-dependent Notch signaling pathway. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain-specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (EOGT) and Lunatic fringe (LFNG) positively correlates with a subset of Notch signaling genes in PDAC. The lack of EOGT or LFNG expression inhibited the proliferation and migration of Panc-1 cells, as observed by the inhibition of Notch activation. EOGT expression is significantly increased in the basal subtype, and low expression of both EOGT and LFNG predicts better overall survival in PDAC patients. These results imply potential roles for EOGT- and LFNG-dependent Notch signaling in PDAC.
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White, Kim, Anja Versteeg, Arnaud Kok, Ric van Poll, and Annelike Dusseldorp. "Low Frequency Noise - An inventory of literature and of the situation in the Netherlands." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 5530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0815.
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Low Frequency Noise (LFN) is an environmental stressor causing annoyance and, potentially, sleep disturbance. It is a topic of increasing social concern. In the Netherlands, an increasing number of complaints about LFN in the home environment is filed each year. A consortium of four ministeries has asked the RIVM to prepare an overview on LFN, including literature, an update on the Dutch situation and advise on how to move forward in the field of LFN. To gain insight in the way that LFN complaints are handled in the Netherlands, a questionnaire was filled in by officials of municipalities and other public authorities, and by audiologists This paper will contain an overview of LFN literature, findings of our questionnaire study and recommendations for future research on LFN.
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Backer, Marina V., Vimal Patel, Brian T. Jehning, Kevin P. Claffey, Vladimir A. Karginov, and Joseph M. Backer. "Inhibition of Anthrax Protective Antigen Outside and Inside the Cell." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 1 (October 30, 2006): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00983-06.
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ABSTRACT In the course of Bacillus anthracis infection, B. anthracis lethal factor (LF) and edema factor bind to a protective antigen (PA) associated with cellular receptors ANTXR1 (TEM8) or ANTXR2 (CMG2), followed by internalization of the complex via receptor-mediated endocytosis. A new group of potential antianthrax drugs, β-cyclodextrins, has recently been described. A member of this group, per-6-(3-aminopropylthio)-β-cyclodextrin (AmPrβCD), was shown to inhibit the toxicity of LF in vitro and in vivo. In order to determine which steps in lethal factor trafficking are inhibited by AmPrβCD, we developed two targeted fluorescent tracers based on LFn, a catalytically inactive fragment of LF: (i) LFn site specifically labeled with the fluorescent dye AlexaFluor-594 (LFn-Al), and (ii) LFn-decorated liposomes loaded with the fluorescent dye 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (LFn-Lip). Both tracers retained high affinity to PA/ANTXR complexes and were readily internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Using fluorescent microscopy, we found that AmPrβCD inhibits receptor-mediated cell uptake but not the binding of LFn-Al to PA/ANTXR complexes, suggesting that AmPrβCD works outside the cell. Moreover, AmPrβCD and LFn-Al synergistically protect RAW 264.7 cells from PA-mediated LF toxicity, confirming that AmPrβCD did not affect the binding of LFn-Al to receptor-associated PA. In contrast, AmPrβCD did not inhibit PA-mediated internalization of LFn-Lip, suggesting that multiplexing of LFn on the liposomal surface overcomes the inhibiting effects of AmPrβCD. Notably, internalized LFn-Al and LFn-Lip protected cells that overexpressed anthrax receptor TEM8 from PA-induced, LF-independent toxicity, suggesting an independent mechanism for PA inhibition inside the cell. These data suggest the potential for the use of β-cyclodextrins in combination with LFn-Lip loaded with antianthrax drugs against intracellular targets.
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Li, Dan, Zhi Xin Pan, and Yong'an Ao. "Prediction of Landfill Gas Production of Municipal Solid Waste and Energy Utilization Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 3119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.3119.
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It is an important factor to predict the LFG production rate and production quantity accurately and conveniently for the LFG recovery projects.According to the characters of Chinese Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) component, the paper studies on the Landfill Gas (LFG) models, and establishes the LFG model that is adapt to the characters of Chinese MSW component. The paper takes the Laohuchong landfill sites in Shenyang for example, predicts the LFG production and analyses the energy utilization and environmental benefit.
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Yoon, Mi-Jeong, Hye Min Park, and Sun Jae Won. "Effect of Fascia Penetration in Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Conduction." Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 44, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5535/arm.20022.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of fascia penetration and develop a new technique for lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) conduction studies based on the fascia penetration point (PP) identified using ultrasound.Methods The fascia PP of the LFCN was localized in 20 healthy subjects, and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were obtained at four different stimulation points—2 cm proximal to the PP (2PPP), PP, 2 cm distal to the PP (2DPP), and 4 cm distal to the PP (4DPP). We compared the stimulation technique based on the fascia penetration point (STBFP) with the conventional technique.Results The SNAP amplitude of the LFCN was significantly higher when stimulation was performed at the PP and 2DPP than at other stimulation points. Using the STBFP, SNAP responses were elicited in 38 of 40 legs, whereas they were elicited in 32 of 40 legs using the conventional technique (p=0.041). STBFP had a comparable SNAP amplitude and slightly delayed negative peak latency compared to the conventional technique. In terms of the time required, the time spent on STBFP showed a more consistent distribution than the time spent on the conventional technique (two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, p<0.05).Conclusion SNAP of the LFCN significantly changed near the fascia PP, and stimulation at PP and at 2DPP provided high amplitudes. STBFP can help increase the response rate and ensure stable and consistent procedure time of the LFCN conduction study.
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Gala, Luca, Paul R. Kim, and Paul E. Beaulé. "Natural history of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve neuropraxia after anterior approach total hip arthroplasty." HIP International 29, no. 2 (February 27, 2019): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700019827201.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the natural history of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) neuropraxia in a previously reported cohort of individuals after direct anterior approach (DAA). Methods: 99 patients (107 hips) with LFCN neuropraxia were identified, out of which 82 patients (87 hips) (83.1%) completed functional outcomes questionnaires at mean follow-up of 5.5 years (4.4–6.9 years). 5 patients were excluded from the study due to intra-articular source of pain and/or revision surgery. The total sample was composed of 77 patients (31 total hip replacements and 51 hip resurfacings) and functional outcomes scores were obtained for all patients. Results: At average 5.46-year follow-up, 55 patients (60 hips 73%) still reported symptoms of LFCN neuropraxia but their Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were not inferior to those who had resolution for pain, function and stiffness: p values of 0.716, 0.171, and 0.238, respectively. The mean score on visual analogue scale decreased from 2.32 (SD 2.11) to 1.76 (SD 1.99). 1 patient (1.2%) reported his activities were limited by his symptoms. Conclusion: Although the majority of patients still report symptoms related to LFCN neuropraxia, symptoms do improve over time and there are no functional limitations. Even if LFCN neuropraxia following DAA does not lead to functional limitations, all patients should be made aware in order to alleviate any long-term functional concerns.
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Hanna, Amgad S., Mark E. Ehlers, and Kenneth S. Lee. "Preoperative Ultrasound-Guided Wire Localization of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve." Operative Neurosurgery 13, no. 3 (December 15, 2016): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opw009.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Difficulty and sometimes inability to find the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) intraoperatively is well known. Variabilities in the course of the nerve are well documented in the literature. In a previous paper, we defined a tight fascial canal that completely surrounds the LFCN in the proximal thigh. These 2 factors sometimes render finding the nerve intraoperatively, to treat meralgia paresthetica, very challenging. OBJECTIVE: To explore the use of preoperative ultrasound to minimize operative time and eliminate situations in which the nerve is not found. METHODS: Since 2011, we have used preoperative ultrasound-guided wire localization (USWL) in 19 cases to facilitate finding the nerve intraoperatively. Data were collected prospectively with recording of the timing from skin incision to identifying the LFCN; this will be referred to as the skin-to-nerve time. RESULTS: In 2 cases, the localization was incorrect. In the 17 cases in which the LFCN was correctly localized, the skin-to-nerve time ranged from 3 min to 19 min. The mean was 8.5 min, and the median was 8 min. CONCLUSION: Preoperative USWL is a useful technique that minimizes the time needed to find the LFCN. For the less experienced surgeon, it is extremely valuable. For the experienced surgeon, it can identify anatomical abnormalities such as duplicate nerves, which may not be readily recognizable without ultrasound. Collaboration between the surgeon and the radiologist is very important, especially in the early cases.
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Irawan, Putra Adi, Jon Farizal, and Tedy Febrianto. "COMPARATIVE STUDY: FORMULA PRAKTIS ESTIMASI LAJU FILTRASI GLOMERULUS(LFG) DENGAN BIOMARKER KREATININ SERUM." JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v12i2.439.
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LatarBelakang: Estimasi LFG tergolong rumit membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama, sehingga diperlukan suatu metode praktis dan efisien dengan hasil yang akurat pula. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang cukup tinggi.Data Riskesdas Kementerian Kesehatan 2013-2018 melaporkan pasien gangguan ginjal usia ≥15 tahun yang kian meningkat setiap tahunnya. Dibutuhkan beberapa tes laboratorium untuk memberi gambaran yang tepat mengenai kesehatan ginjal diantaranya: LFG. Terdapat beberapa formula yang telah diteliti sebelumnya oleh para ahli diantaranya: Formula Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI),Theisotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID-MS) Traceable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), dan Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) 4 Variable.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan hasil estimasi LFG berdasarkan formula CKD-EPI, ID-MS Traceable MDRD, dan MDRD 4 Variabel. Metode: Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian seperti kreatinin serum dan usia subjek diperoleh dari data sekunder sebanyak 30 orang. Nilai LFG dihitung dengan formula CKD-EPI, ID-MS Traceable MDRD, dan MDRD 4 Variable.Hasil: Nilairerata±SD (n=30) LFG berdasarkan formula CKD-EPI yaitu 71,36±8,77 dengan rentan nilai LFG = 50,70-89,34. Sebayak 93,30 % mengalami kerusakaan ringan (60-89) dan 6,70 % rusak sedang (59-30). Nilai rerata±SD (n=30) LFG berdasarkan formulathe ID-MS Traceable MDRD yaitu 64,79±6,59 dengan rentan nilai LFG = 48,48-78,40. Sebayak 83,30 % mengalami kerusakaan ringan (60-89) dan 16,70 % rusak sedang (59-30). Nilai rerata±SD (n=30) LFG berdasarkan formula MDRD 4 Variable yaitu 68,86±7,00 dengan rentan nilai LFG = 51,53-83,33. Sebayak 93,30 % mengalami kerusakaan ringan (60-89) dan 6,70 % rusaksedang (59-30).Kesimpulan: Penggunaanketiga (3) formula tersebut dapat digunakan untuk menghitung LFG. Kendati demikian, formula CKD-EPI atau pun MDRD 4 Variabel lebih direkomendasikan.
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Bhailall, S., S. Piketh, N. Smith, and J. Bogner. "SUBSURFACE GAS GENERATION AT A LANDFILL IN JOHANNESBURG." Clean Air Journal 18, no. 1 (June 3, 2010): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/caj/2010/18/1.7079.
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Landfill gas (LFG) consisting of 50-60 % v/v CH4 contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions as well as to local air pollution and nuisance odours; in addition, the uncontrolled subsurface migration of LFG can pose an explosion hazard. LFG is explosive mostly due to its CH4 content. CH4 is explosive at concentrations of 5-15 % in air. Venting of the gas to the atmosphere prevents any explosion risk; however, the concern lies with the lateral migration of CH4 through soil and along cracks and its subsequent accumulation. This highlights the importance of subsurface LFG monitoring. In this study, subsurface LFG generation is measured at a solid waste disposal site situated approximately 20 km west of Johannesburg. The results of three first-order kinetic models (to estimate LFG generation) for the site are compared. The three models are LandGEM, GasSim and the IPCC model contained in the 2006 UNFCCC 2006 National Inventory Guidelines for waste. High LFG concentrations are recorded along the northern boundary of the site (exceeding 60% v/v). Modelled LFG generation simulations are slightly higher from LandGEM whilst the IPCC Waste Model predicts the lowest concentrations.
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Wu, Gaobing, Yuzhi Hong, Aizhen Guo, Chunfang Feng, Sha Cao, Cheng-Cai Zhang, Ruiping Shi, Yadi Tan, and Ziduo Liu. "A Chimeric Protein That Functions as both an Anthrax Dual-Target Antitoxin and a Trivalent Vaccine." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 11 (August 16, 2010): 4750–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00640-10.
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ABSTRACT Effective measures for the prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax are still required for counteracting the threat posed by inhalation anthrax. In this study, we first demonstrated that the chimeric protein LFn-PA, created by fusing the protective antigen (PA)-binding domain of lethal factor (LFn) to PA, retained the functions of the respective molecules. On the basis of this observation, we attempted to develop an antitoxin that targets the binding of lethal factor (LF) and/or edema factor (EF) to PA and the transportation of LF/EF. Therefore, we replaced PA in LFn-PA with a dominant-negative inhibitory PA (DPA), i.e., PAF427D. In in vitro models of anthrax intoxication, the LFn-DPA chimera showed 3-fold and 2-fold higher potencies than DPA in protecting sensitive cells against anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx) and edema toxin (EdTx), respectively. In animal models, LFn-DPA exhibited strong potency in rescuing mice from lethal challenge with LeTx. We also evaluated the immunogenicity and immunoprotective efficacy of LFn-DPA as an anthrax vaccine candidate. In comparison with recombinant PA, LFn-DPA induced significantly higher levels of the anti-PA immune response. Moreover, LFn-DPA elicited an anti-LF antibody response that could cross-react with EF. Mice immunized with LFn-DPA tolerated a LeTx challenge that was 5 times its 50% lethal dose. Thus, LFn-DPA represents a highly effective trivalent vaccine candidate for both preexposure and postexposure vaccination. Overall, we have developed a novel and dually functional reagent for the prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax.
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Wang, Wenting, Yulin He, Liheng Ma, and Joshua Zhexue Huang. "Latent Feature Group Learning for High-Dimensional Data Clustering." Information 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10060208.
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In this paper, we propose a latent feature group learning (LFGL) algorithm to discover the feature grouping structures and subspace clusters for high-dimensional data. The feature grouping structures, which are learned in an analytical way, can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of high-dimensional data clustering. In LFGL algorithm, the Darwinian evolutionary process is used to explore the optimal feature grouping structures, which are coded as chromosomes in the genetic algorithm. The feature grouping weighting k-means algorithm is used as the fitness function to evaluate the chromosomes or feature grouping structures in each generation of evolution. To better handle the diverse densities of clusters in high-dimensional data, the original feature grouping weighting k-means is revised with the mass-based dissimilarity measure rather than the Euclidean distance measure and the feature weights are optimized as a nonnegative matrix factorization problem under the orthogonal constraint of feature weight matrix. The genetic operations of mutation and crossover are used to generate the new chromosomes for next generation. In comparison with the well-known clustering algorithms, LFGL algorithm produced encouraging experimental results on real world datasets, which demonstrated the better performance of LFGL when clustering high-dimensional data.
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Kurtzman, Joey S., Joshua Barnett, Rui Feng, Peter J. Taub, and Konstantinos Margetis. "Meralgia Paresthetica: An Anatomical Review and Surgical Case Presentation Utilizing a Robotic Exoscope." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 12, no. 12 (December 2024): e6352. https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006352.
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Background: Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a neuropathic condition marked by pain, tingling, and numbness in the anterolateral thigh, primarily caused by compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). Although compression often occurs beneath the inguinal ligament, anatomical variations can lead to different entrapment sites. Treatments range from conservative measures to surgical decompression, depending on symptom severity. This study provides an anatomical review of the LFCN and presents a unique case of MP where the LFCN was compressed by the sartorius fascia rather than the typical site beneath the inguinal ligament. The study also explores the use of the Synaptive Modus X robotic exoscope for surgical decompression. Methods: This article presents a case study of a man in his 40s with a 15-year history of chronic MP symptoms, where the LFCN was atypically compressed by the sartorius fascia. Surgical decompression was performed using the robotic exoscope, a device offering high-definition, 3-dimensional visualization. Results: At 13 weeks postoperatively, the patient experienced improvement in thigh sensation and no pain. He returned to baseline ambulation with no complications. The exoscope allowed precise identification of the LFCN’s anatomy and compression site, proving effective in enhancing surgical precision. Conclusions: This is the first report of primary LFCN decompression using the Synaptive Modus X exoscope. The device provides excellent visualization, ergonomic benefits, and educational advantages, making it a valuable alternative to traditional microscopes and loupes in nerve decompression and other microsurgical procedures. Further studies are needed to assess its cost-effectiveness and broader applications in plastic surgery.
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Malessy, Martijn J. A., Job Eekhof, and Willem Pondaag. "Dynamic decompression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve to treat meralgia paresthetica: technique and results." Journal of Neurosurgery 131, no. 5 (November 2019): 1552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.9.jns182004.
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OBJECTIVEThe results of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) decompression to treat idiopathic meralgia paresthetica (iMP) vary widely. Techniques to decompress the LFCN differ, which may affect outcome, but in MP it is unknown to what extent. The authors present a new technique using dynamic decompression and discuss the outcomes.METHODSA retrospective cohort study was performed in a consecutive series of 19 cases. The goal of decompression was pain relief and recovery of sensation. The plane ventral to the LFCN was decompressed by cutting the fascia lata and the inferior aspect of the inguinal ligament. The plane dorsal to the LFCN was decompressed by cutting the fascia of the sartorius muscle. Subsequently, the thigh was brought in full range of flexion and extension/abduction. The authors identified and additionally cut fibers that tightened and caused compression at various locations of the LFCN during movement in all patients, referring to this technique as dynamic decompression. Postoperatively, an independent neurologist scored pain and sensation on a 4-point scale: completely resolved, improved, not changed, or worsened. Patients scored their remaining pain or sensory deficit as a percentage of the preoperative level. Statistical assessment was done using ANOVA to assess the association between outcome and duration of preoperative symptoms, BMI, and length of follow-up.RESULTSIn 17 of the 19 cases (89%), the pain and/or paresthesia completely resolved. Patients in the remaining 2 cases (11%) experienced 70% and 80% reduction in pain. Sensation completely recovered in 13 of the 19 cases (69%). In 5 of the 19 cases (26%) sensation improved, but an area of hypesthesia remained. Four of these 5 patients indicated a sensory improvement of more than 75%, and the remaining patient had 50% improvement. Sensation remained unchanged in 1 case (5%) with persisting hypesthesia and mild hyperesthesia. There was no significant impact of preoperative symptom duration, BMI, and length of follow-up on postoperative outcome.CONCLUSIONSDynamic decompression of the LFCN is an effective technique for the treatment of iMP. Most patients become completely pain free and sensation recovers considerably.
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Pascarella, Giuseppe, Fabio Costa, Alessandro Strumia, Alessandro Ruggiero, Luigi Maria Remore, Tullio Lanteri, Anton Hazboun, et al. "Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block or Wound Infiltration Combined with Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block for Postoperative Analgesia following Total Hip Arthroplasty through Posterior Approach: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 9 (May 2, 2024): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092674.
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Background: Pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block, although effective for pain management following total hip arthroplasty (THA), does not cover skin analgesia. In this randomized controlled trial, we compared the effectiveness of PENG block combined with lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) block or wound infiltration (WI) on postoperative analgesia and functional outcomes. Methods: Fifty patients undergoing posterior-approached THA under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated to receive LFCN block with 10 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine or WI with 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine. In both groups, PENG block was performed by injecting 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine. Primary outcomes were static and dynamic pain scores (0–10 numeric rating scale) measured in the first 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included postoperative opioid consumption, functional assessment and length of hospital stay. Results: Postoperative static NRS of patients receiving LFCN was higher than that of patients receiving WI at 6 h but lower at 24 h, with a median (IQR) of 3 (2–4) vs. 2 (1–2) (p < 0.001) and 2 (2–3) vs. 3 (3–4) (p = 0.02), respectively. Static pain scores at 12 h did not show significant differences, with an NRS of 3 (2–4) for WI vs. 3 (3–4) for LFCN (p = 0.94). Dynamic pain and range of movement followed a similar trend. No significant differences were detected in other outcomes. Conclusions: LFCN block was not inferior to WI for postoperative analgesia and functional recovery in association with PENG block during the first postoperative day, although it had worse short-term pain scores. Based on these results, it is reasonable to consider LFCN block as a valid alternative to WI or even a complementary technique added to WI to enhance skin analgesia during the first 24 h after THA. Future studies are expected to confirm this hypothesis and find the best combination between PENG block and other techniques to enhance analgesia after THA.
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Falker, Gerrit-Milena. "Bundestag tagt zur LFGB-Reform." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 4 (2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-4-026-2.
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Erdélyi, Kristina H., Anselm B. M. Fuermaier, Lara Tucha, Oliver Tucha, and Janneke Koerts. "Low-Frequency Noise: Experiences from a Low-Frequency Noise Perceiving Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 3916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053916.
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Although low-frequency noise (LFN) is associated with various complaints, there is still much unknown about this phenomenon. This research aims to provide an extensive description of (1) LFN perceptions, (2) LFN-related complaints, and (3) the characteristics of LFN complainants. In an explorative observational cross-sectional survey study, a sample of Dutch adults reporting to experience LFN (n = 190) and a group not experiencing LFN (n = 371) completed a comprehensive questionnaire. Descriptions of LFN perceptions varied individually and were dependent on different circumstances, although some common patterns were observed. Complaints were wide-ranging and individual, with a reported high impact on daily living. Common complaints included sleeping difficulties, fatigue, or annoyance. Societal consequences were described regarding housing, work, and relationships. Attempts to stop or escape the perception were manifold but often unsuccessful. The LFN sample differed regarding sex, education level, and age from the Dutch adult population, indicating more frequent inability to work, less full-time work, and less time spent in their homes. No further differences in occupational or marital status or living circumstances were found. Although this research supports some previous findings and identifies common patterns, it also highlights the individual nature of LFN-related experiences and the heterogeneity of this group. It is advised to pay attention to the complaints of affected individuals, to inform concerned authorities, and to conduct more systematic and multidisciplinary research using standardized and validated measuring instruments.
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Erdelyi, Kristina H., Anselm B. M. Fuermaier, Lara Tucha, Oliver Tucha, and Janneke Koerts. "Subjective Complaints and Coping Strategies of Individuals with Reported Low-Frequency Noise Perceptions." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2024): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13040935.
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Background: Subjective everyday hindrances associated with low-frequency noise (LFN) can be high; however, there is still a lot unknown about experienced complaints. This study aims to investigate (1) subjective complaints and (2) coping strategies of individuals reporting everyday hindrances from LFN. Methods: Cognition, depressive symptoms, sleeping, fatigue, stress, and coping questionnaires were administered to participants sampled for their LFN complaints (LFN1 = 181), LFN complainants derived from a community sample (LFN2 = 239), and a comparison group without LFN complaints (CG = 410). Results: Individuals reporting LFN perceptions reported complaints in all domains and showed a higher proportion of above average symptom severity compared to the CG. Most complaints were reported by the LFN1 group, the least by the CG. However, on some sleeping, fatigue, and stress-related variables, a similar or even higher symptom severity was observed in the LFN2 group. Further, all groups used a similar combination of multiple coping strategies, although the LFN1 group scored higher on support seeking. Conclusions: There might be differences in the complaint severity between different LFN subgroups and future investigations of primary and secondary complaints are necessary. Also, more research about the use and success of coping strategies for LFN-related hindrances are needed for clear conclusions.
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Ryu, Kyungjin, and Munseok Choe. "A Study on Coldflame Propagation Characteristics Applying Amplified Ignition Source to Overcome Landfill gas’s Flame Retardant Limit." Defect and Diffusion Forum 426 (June 6, 2023): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-55to7c.
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In this study combustion characteristics were analyzed with LFG, one of the alternative energy sources of SI engines. To overcome the flame retardant limit, which is the shortcoming of LFG, the combustion characteristics were analyzed using the AIS device that was created for this study’s purpose. A static combustion chamber to which AIS can be applied was designed for the experiment that was conducted on the coldflame propagation and combustion characteristics of each LFG fuel using C-type (conventional ignition type) and AIS devices. From the basic LFG experiment, it was identified that as the proportion of carbon dioxide in the fuel increased, the combustibility decreased, and the combustion pressure decreased. When using the AIS device to overcome the flame retardancy of LFG, the combustion pressure was increased by 2 bar even in LFG70 and LFG60, where combustion was actively occurring with the C-type and the combustibility was improved in LFG50 as well. In overall respects, it was judged that the use of AIS could overcome the flame retardancy of LFG and could incorporate LFG into SI engines.
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Svec, Adam, Magdalena Wojtczak, and Peggy B. Nelson. "Amplitude-modulation forward masking for listeners with and without hearing loss." JASA Express Letters 2, no. 12 (December 2022): 124401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015315.
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Amplitude-modulation (AM) forward masking was measured for listeners with normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss at 4000 and 1000 Hz, using continuous and noncontinuous masker and signal carriers, respectively. A low-fluctuation noise (LFN) carrier was used for the “continuous carrier” conditions. An unmodulated low-fluctuation noise (U-LFN), an unmodulated Gaussian noise (U-GN), and an amplitude-modulation low-fluctuation noise (AM-LFN) were maskers for the “noncontinuous carrier” conditions. As predicted, U-GN yielded more masking than U-LFN and similar masking to AM-LFN, suggesting that U-GN resulted in AM forward masking. Contrary to predictions, no differences in masked thresholds were observed between listener groups.
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Meng, Stefan. "Ultrasound-Guided Injections at the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve: The Inguinal Ligament as a Barrier." Pain Physician 4;23, no. 7;4 (July 14, 2020): E363—E367. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2020/23/e363.
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Background: Ultrasound-guided perineural injections at the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) may confirm the correct diagnosis and provide symptom relief in meralgia paresthetica. Although correct visualization of the nerve is generally described as feasible, failure rates of the procedure may be as high as 30%. Objectives: This study investigated the spread of injected fluids in ultrasound-guided perineural injections at the LFCN. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the inguinal ligament impedes the distribution of injected fluids along the course of the LFCN. Study Design: We used a descriptive research design. Setting: Research was conducted at an anatomical research facility. Methods: In fresh, nonembalmed cadavers, 2 mL of ink were injected with ultrasound-guidance at the LFCN below the inguinal ligament. The course of the nerve was then dissected to show the extent of nerve staining. Results: Spread of the injected ink proximal to the inguinal ligament was found in 67.65% of specimens, while the ink did not pass the inguinal ligament in 32.35%. Concerning proximal spread, specimen body mass index was not of any relevance. Limitations: This cadaver study is only a simulation of the real clinical setting and does not allow any insight into the efficacy of the injection in living patients. Conclusions: The inguinal ligament is a barrier in the distribution of injected fluids in about onethird of specimens. This might be a major cause of failure in ultrasound-guided injections. The results from our study are in line with previously published failure rates and our findings might provide the anatomic basis to advance injection techniques. Key words: Cadaver study; injection; lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; LFCN; meralgia paresthetica; nerve entrapment; sonography; ultrasound
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Hanna, Amgad. "The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve canal." Journal of Neurosurgery 126, no. 3 (March 2017): 972–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.1.jns152262.
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OBJECTIVE Meralgia paresthetica causes dysesthesias and burning in the anterolateral thigh. Surgical treatment includes nerve transection or decompression. Finding the nerve in surgery is very challenging. The author conducted a cadaveric study to better understand the variations in the anatomy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). METHODS Twenty embalmed cadavers were used for this study. The author studied the LFCN's relationship to different fascial planes, and the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). RESULTS A complete fascial canal was found to surround the nerve completely in all specimens. The canal starts at the inguinal ligament proximally and follows the nerve beyond its terminal branches. The nerve could be anywhere from 6.5 cm medial to the ASIS to 6 cm lateral to the ASIS. In the latter case, the nerve may lodge in a groove in the iliac crest. Other anatomical variations found were the LFCN arising from the femoral nerve, and a duplicated nerve. A thick nerve was found in 1 case in which it was riding over the ASIS. CONCLUSIONS The variability in the course of the LFCN can create difficulty in surgical exposure. The newly defined LFCN canal renders exposure even more challenging. This calls for high-resolution pre- or intraoperative imaging for better localization of the nerve.
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Hanna, Amgad. "Transposition of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve." Journal of Neurosurgery 130, no. 2 (February 2019): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.8.jns171120.
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OBJECTIVEMeralgia paresthetica causes pain, burning, and loss of sensation in the anterolateral thigh. Surgical treatment traditionally involves neurolysis or neurectomy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). After studying and publishing data on the anatomical feasibility of LFCN transposition, the author presents here the first case series of patients who underwent LFCN transposition.METHODSNineteen patients with meralgia paresthetica were treated in the Department of Neurological Surgery at University of Wisconsin between 2011 and 2016; 4 patients underwent simple decompression, 5 deep decompression, and 10 medial transposition. Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. No randomization was performed. The groups were compared in terms of pain scores (based on a numeric rating scale) and reoperation rates.RESULTSThe numeric rating scale scores dropped significantly in the deep-decompression (p = 0.148) and transposition (p < 0.0001) groups at both the 3- and 12-month follow-up. The reoperation rates were significantly lower in the deep-decompression and transposition groups (p = 0.0454) than in the medial transposition group.CONCLUSIONSBoth deep decompression and transposition of the LFCN provide better results than simple decompression. Medial transposition confers the advantage of mobilizing the nerve away from the anterior superior iliac spine, giving it a straighter and more relaxed course in a softer muscle bed.
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Van Gijsegem, Frédérique, Aleksandra Wlodarczyk, Amandine Cornu, Sylvie Reverchon, and Nicole Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat. "Analysis of the LacI Family Regulators of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937, Involvement in the Bacterial Phytopathogenicity." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 21, no. 11 (November 2008): 1471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-21-11-1471.
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Analysis of the regulators of the LacI family was performed in order to identify those potentially involved in pathogenicity of Erwinia chrysanthemi (Dickeya dadantii). Among the 18 members of the LacI family, the function of 11 members is either known or predicted and only 7 members have, as yet, no proposed function. Inactivation of these seven genes, called lfaR, lfbR, lfcR, lfdR, lfeR, lffR, and lfgR, demonstrated that four of them are important for plant infection. The lfaR and lfcR mutants showed a reduced virulence on chicory, Saintpaulia sp., and Arabidopsis. The lfeR mutant showed a reduced virulence on Arabidopsis. The lfdR mutant was more efficient than the wild-type strain in initiating maceration on Saintpaulia sp. The genetic environment of each regulator was examined to detect adjacent genes potentially involved in a common function. Construction of transcriptional fusions in these neighboring genes demonstrated that five regulators, LfaR, LfcR, LfeR, LffR, and LfgR, act as repressors of adjacent genes. Analysis of these fusions also indicated that the genes controlled by LfaR, LfcR, LfgR, and LffR are expressed during plant infection. Moreover, addition of crude plant extracts to culture medium demonstrated that the expression of the LfaR- and LfgR-controlled genes is specifically induced by plant components.
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Martini Widhyasih, Retno, Ria Nur Puspa Sari, and Bagya Mujianto. "KORELASI ANTARA KADAR HbA1c DENGAN LAJU FILTRASI GLOMERULUS (LFG) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS." Journal of Indonesian Medical Laboratory and Science (JoIMedLabS) 2, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53699/joimedlabs.v2i1.45.
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Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan kelainan metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia berkepanjangan dengan risiko komplikasi pada ginjal. Kontrol glikemik dapat dipantau dengan pemeriksaan HbA1c. Kontrol glikemik yang buruk dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi ginjal yang dapat dinilai dari laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG). LFG diukur menggunakan kadar kreatinin serum dengan menggunakan persamaan Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar HbA1c dengan LFG pada pasien DM. Metode penelitian secara observasional analitik dengan disain cross sectional terhadap 90 data rekam medis pasien DM tahun 2019 di RSUD Budhi Asih, yang melakukan pemeriksaan HbA1c dan kreatinin serum sebagai dasar perhitungan LFG. Analisis data dengan uji korelasi Spearman’s dengan CI 95% (?=0,05). Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata kadar HbA1c adalah 7,9% artinya sebagian besar pasien memiliki kadar HbA1c yang buruk dan hasil rata-rata LFG adalah 60 mL/min/1,73m2 artinya sebagian besar pasien memiliki nilai LFG<90 mL/min/1,73m2 dan mengindikasikan adanya gangguan pada fungsi ginjal. Hasil korelasi Spearman’s menunjukkan arah negatif (r) sebesar -0,396. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar HbA1c maka semakin kecil nilai LFG sehingga pasien DM harus melakukan kontrol glikemik secara rutin guna mencegah terjadinya penurunan fungsi ginjal yang dapat mengarah pada kejadian komplikasi.
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Mishra, Priyanka, Shipra Tandon, and Amborish Nath. "Extended pulsed radiofrequency as a part of multimodal pain management in a refractory case of Bernhardt-Roth syndrome." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 11 (November 2020): e237864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-237864.
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Bernhardt-Roth syndrome (BRS) is a neurological condition characterised by pain, burning or numbness in anterolateral thigh due to entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The possible aetiologies can be mechanical, iatrogenic, neuropathic or idiopathic. After consent for possible publication, we are discussing a case of pain management in a 38-year-old patient with BRS secondary to diabetes. The coherent history, uncontrolled glycaemic status and reduced nerve conduction velocity for LFCN helped reach the diagnosis. Initial treatment with pharmacotherapy, steroid LFCN block and conventional pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) provided moderate temporary pain relief. Extended PRF over 8 min provided significant analgesia without any complications. Physical therapy, adequate glycaemic control and extended PRF provided complete pain relief and improved function over 6 months of follow-up duration. Hence, a cautious multifaceted approach targeting the basic aetiology with extended PRF helped achieve significant analgesia in our refractory case of BRS.
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Lee, Joon Kyu, Jong Cheon Lee, Jong Min Choi, and Byoung Koo Lee. "Generalized stiffness of laterally functionally graded materials and implementation to dynamic beam element." Engineering Solid Mechanics 13, no. 1 (2025): 39–52. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2024.8.004.
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This study investigates the generalized stiffness of laterally functionally graded materials (LFGMs) and applies these findings to dynamic beam elements. The generalized stiffnesses of LFGM, coupled with material and cross-sectional properties such as flexural and axial rigidity, mass per unit length, and mass-moment of inertia, are explicitly formulated. In the context of LFGM, material properties depend on an asymmetrical power law function with respect to cross-sectional depth. An example of the generalized numerical stiffness of a circular cross-section is provided for various material properties. To illustrate the application of generalized stiffness to dynamic beam elements, free vibration of LFGM beams with rotary inertia is considered. The dimensionless differential equation governing the free vibration of such beams is derived and numerically solved to obtain natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes. Numerical results demonstrate a good consistency with the finite element method.
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Hartati, Ackni, Nanan Sekarwana, and Dzulfikar DLH. "Perbedaan Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus Berdasarkan Kadar Kreatinin dan Cystatin C Serum pada Sindrom Nefrotik Anak." Sari Pediatri 16, no. 5 (November 9, 2016): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp16.5.2015.325-9.
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Latar belakang. Komplikasi sindrom nefrotik (SN) yang sering telambat terdeteksi adalah gangguan ginjalakut (GnGA). Cystatin C serum dipertimbangkan menjadi pemeriksaan potensial pengganti kreatinin sebagaipenanda fungsi ginjal. Kadar cystatin C lebih mendekati nilai laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG) dibandingkandengan kreatinin serum.Tujuan. Menentukan perbedaan LFG berdasarkan kadar kreatinin dan cystatin C serum pada SN anak.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan dari Februari–Maret 2014 di unit rawat jalan dan rawat inapRSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, RSUD Kota Bandung, dan RSUD Cibabat Kota Cimahi. Subjek SNusia 1–14 tahun. Pemeriksaan kadar kreatinin dengan metode Jaffe dan cystatin C serum dengan particleenhancedturbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA). Uji statistik menggunakan McNemar dan uji t berpasangandan kemaknaan berdasarkan nilai p<0,05.Hasil. Terdapat 21 kasus SN yang terdiri atas 18 laki-laki dan 3 perempuan dengan rerata usia 6 tahun 3bulan. Nilai LFG berdasarkan kreatinin 137,86±27,07 ml/min/1,73 m2 dan LFG berdasarkan cystatin C73,59±12,49 ml/min/1,73 m2. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara LFG berdasarkan kadar kreatinin dancystatin C serum (p<0,01).Kesimpulan. Proporsi LFG cystatin C berdasarkan formula Filler lebih rendah dibandingkan kreatininberdasarkan formula Schwartz
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Wedekind, Jürgen, and Ronald M. Kaplan. "LFG Generation by Grammar Specialization." Computational Linguistics 38, no. 4 (December 2012): 867–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00113.
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This article describes an approach to Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG) generation that is based on the fact that the set of strings that an LFG grammar relates to a particular acyclic f-structure is a context-free language. We present an algorithm that produces for an arbitrary LFG grammar and an arbitrary acyclic input f-structure a context-free grammar describing exactly the set of strings that the given LFG grammar associates with that f-structure. The individual sentences are then available through a standard context-free generator operating on that grammar. The context-free grammar is constructed by specializing the context-free backbone of the LFG grammar for the given f-structure and serves as a compact representation of all generation results that the LFG grammar assigns to the input. This approach extends to other grammatical formalisms with explicit context-free backbones, such as PATR, and also to formalisms that permit a context-free skeleton to be extracted from richer specifications. It provides a general mathematical framework for understanding and improving the operation of a family of chart-based generation algorithms.