Journal articles on the topic 'Leya Mira'

Z velikim projektom Celjske Mohorjeve družbe smo slovenski bralci leta 2015 dobili zapolnitev še ene bele lise v kulturi: prevod monumentalnega dela Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (v petih knjigah), ki ga je leta 731 v latinščini dokončal sveti Beda Častitljivi, menih iz Severne Humbrije na Angleškem. Delo se sicer začne z geografijo in zgodovino Britanije v rimskih časih, vendar postavlja v ospredje zgodovino razvoja krščanske Cerkve na Angleškem, zlasti v Severni Humbriji. Kljub poudarku na cerkveni zgodovini pa nam po uvodnih besedah enega od prevajalcev, dr. Bogdana Kolarja, delo ponuja tudi »največ informacij, ki nam pomagajo sestaviti zgodovino zgodnjih anglosaških kraljestev« (str. 47), torej največ splošnozgodovinskih podatkov o obravnavanem obdobju. To seveda ni bilo Bedovo edino delo; nasprotno, kot nam pove drugi prevajalec dr. Miran Sajovic v svojem uvodu, tvorijo večji del Bedovih spisov razlage svetopisemskih besedil, pridružujejo pa se jim Bedi zelo ljubi življenjepisi svetnikov, dve Kroniki človeške zgodovine, v katerih je uvedel štetje let »od Gospodovega učlovečenja«, torej po Kristusovem rojstvu, kot tudi homilije, priročniki (o metriki, retoričnih figurah, izračunavanju časa ...), pesmi (himne, epigrami) in peščica ohranjenih pisem. Najznamenitejša pa je vendarle Cerkvena zgodovina ljudstva Anglov.

Digerido pelo Ocidente, o Oriente não mais dá lugar à experiência do estrangeiro, subsistindo muito pouco do confronto do íntimo com o êxtimo. Aborda-se, aqui, a experiência da migração - que, ao conjugar o familiar e o estranho, o natal e o estrangeiro, leva aquele que migra a interrogar as ficções simbólicas que o ligam à comunidade - na atualidade, em que vigora, como sintoma de uma foraclusão da problemática do estrangeiro, a idéia de uma comunidade compacta, fechada sobre si mesma.

A tafoflora da mina do Faxinal (Formação Rio Bonito, Bacia do Paraná, RS) constitui-se em uma orictocenose preservada sob forma de compressões carbonificadas em um nível de “tonstein” intermediário a uma camada de carvão. Na associação evidencia-se o nítido predomínio de fragmentos foliares de Glossopteridales (78%) em relação aos demais elementos (Cordaitales, Pteridophylla). As análises epidérmicas e morfográficas das formas relacionadas a Glossopteridales revelaram uma associação muito homogênea, permitindo a identificação de três agrupamentos taxonômicos, definidos em nível de espécie: Glossopteris papillosa sp. nov., Glossopteris similis intermittens sp. nov., Glossopteris brasiliensis sp. nov. A semelhança nos padrões encontrados leva a sugerir que este grupamento estaria vinculado, talvez em nível de família, adaptado a nicho ecologicamente restrito dentro do espectro higrófilo-mesófilo.

Compressões foliares com bordos danificados são comuns em uma tafocenose formada predominantemente por folhas, procedente de um nível de argilito intermediário a uma camada de carvão na Jazida do Faxinal (Município de Arroio dos Ratos, RS, Formação Rio Bonito). As corrosões registradas nas margens foliares são consideradas como evidência indireta de fitofagia. Uma análise do padrão de recorte do bordo foliar leva a sugerir que os protoortopterídeos seriam os responsáveis pelas marcas deixadas nos bordos foliares. Utilizando as evidências fornecidas pela tafoflora, infere-se que o clima vigente durante a deposição dos carvões no Rio Grande do Sul seria cíclico, com temperaturas inferiores a 0ºC por períodos não expressivos.

O primeiro número da revista Travessia, publicado em 1988, tratou da temática dos "migrantes sazonais", uma das formas tradicionais da migração temporária. O termo está ainda intimamente ligado a ciclos naturais da produção agrícola nas diferentes estações do ano e percebemos que os "avanços" tecnológicosalteram progressivamente essa "dependência" da sazonalidade natural. Também o Boletim "Cá e Lá" da Pastoral do Migrante lembrou, na época, que o migrante é "que nem folha seca, que o vento leva para onde quer... migrante é que nem pomba, aonde vai tem um caçador na mira...migrante é que nem passarinho: voa de galho em galho e nunca encontra sossego; só que o passarinho canta e o migrante chora". Sabidamente as metáforas do mundo natural ajudam a insualizar, mas ao mesmo tempo, e antes de tudo, ocultam a coerção social da ditadura da economia do mercado que exige a mobilização total da força de trabalho. Sujeitadas à lei da concorrência, com todas as filigranas empíricas e diferenciações de lugares, as pessoas estão disponibilizadas para ir "ao trabalho" e "à guerra". A mobilização forçada, alicerce dos tempos modernos, está por trás de todas as particularidades de histórias de vida migrante e obriga a ir além do olhar sobre meros deslocamentos temporários entre locais de origem e de destino. [...]

Este trabalho visa aplicar uma metodologia de planejamento ambiental como auxilio à analise de alternativas locacionais para a disposição do estéril a ser gerado nas fases de desenvolvimento e operação da futura cava da mina Três Estradas de fosfato. Aplicando orientações técnicas, presentes na NBR 13029 da ABNT, com caráter de minimização dos impactos ao meio ambiente, aplicando pesos a parâmetros ambientais para cada alternativa e, assim, comparando-as e apresentando uma hierarquização das alternativas, o estudo leva a proposição de medidas mitigadoras e compensatórias gerais, que devem ser aprofundadas após a escolha da melhor alternativa por parte da empresa. Após aplicação da metodologia proposta no trabalho, chegou-se à conclusão, por uma das alternativas que foi melhor pontuada, de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos, que foi a Pilha 4, entre as quatro alternativas previstas no projeto.

Este trabalho investiga que tipo de conhecimentos específicos proporciona a antropologia poética ou etnopoesia, Hubert FICHTE (1935-1986), em comparação com a etnografia atual. Para tanto, são analisados contrastivamente o livro de FICHTE, Das Haus der Mina in São Luiz de Maranhão (1989), e o estudo do antropólogo Sergio FERRETTI, Querebentã de Zomadônu. Etnografia da Casa de Minas do Maranhão (1983-1996) - tendo ambos os autores trabalhado juntos, no mesmo local, sobre o mesmo assunto. Na comparação de métodos e resultados, a etnopoesia leva vantagem quanto à arte da entrevista, à primazia dada ao discurso dos informantes e à interpretação psicossocial dos rituais religiosos que são relacionados com temas de interesse geral. Por outro lado, realçam-se como pontos mais fortes da etnografia, a maior penetração teórica e a qualidade da transmissão didática na cultura do outro, juntamente com a tradução dos conceitos básicos, através de um glossário. - Veja-se também, neste mesmo número da revista Pandaemonium Germanicum, o artigo complementar de Sergio FERRETTI, "Etnografia e Etnopoesia".

Os restaurantes industriais geram, ao preparar e servir refeições, resíduos diversos que são administrados de diferentes formas. Contudo, a crescente geração de resíduos leva à necessidade de estabelecer medidas capazes de controlar permanentemente os efeitos ambientais de todo o seu processo de produção. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou verificar a geração dos resíduos orgânicos provenientes de um restaurante industrial, localizado no Complexo Minerador de Itabira/MG, identificando os custos associados à sua destinação final e mostrando as iniciativas implantadas para o reaproveitamento do resíduo gerado. Assim, buscou-se identificar os alimentos responsáveis pela maior geração destes, resultando na alteração do cardápio e, consequentemente, em uma redução de 81,85% de resíduos orgânicos. Um outro fator relevante foi o reaproveitamento de cascas de frutas em sobremesas, proporcionando alimentos mais saudáveis e reduzindo a quantidade dos resíduos encaminhados para o tratamento final. Com relação a disposição final dos resíduos orgânicos no aterro sanitário, observou-se que durante o período analisado houve uma redução de 64,67% dos valores inicialmente pagos. No aspecto relacionado ao desperdício verificou-se que as campanhas desenvolvidas objetivando o “desperdício zero” tanto dos funcionários do restaurante como dos clientes, também influenciaram positivamente na redução de resíduos “resto ingesta”.

Contesto della ricerca: nei piccoli centri urbani la co-produzione di servizi museali può essere una leva per la generazione di valore pubblico. Obiettivi del paper: lo scritto mira ad illustrare come un approccio multidimensionale di performance governance sia in grado di offrire una prospettiva sistemica per l’identificazione degli outcome gestionali, organizzativi e di comunità nonché di evidenziare leve per il miglioramento dei processi di generazione di valore nei musei e a beneficio della comunità. Metodologia: dapprima si è proceduto alla revisione della letteratura sul tema della co-produzione di servizi pubblici. Per analizzare le performance di tali contesti collaborativi si è costruito un framework multidimensionale, poi applicato ad un caso di studio. Infine, si è proceduto al riscontro delle proposizioni avanzate. Risultati: l’articolo evidenza in che modo la co-produzione sia in grado di apportare risorse aggiuntive rispetto a quelle in possesso all’organizzazione istituzionalmente responsabile del servizio. Inoltre, dall’applicazione del modello al caso emergono misure di performance gestionali, organizzative e di comunità. Limiti della ricerca: le limitazioni attengono alla reperibilità di informazioni quantitative per valutare gli effetti della iniziativa. Implicazioni pratiche: l’identificazione di performance driver fa emergere gli effetti della disponibilità di risorse sui diversi livelli di performance, evidenziando le connessioni causali che rivelano il contributo della co-produzione agli outcome. Originalità del paper: l’articolo sviluppa il framework analitico Dynamic Multidimensional Performance Governance ed evidenzia il contributo che la co-produzione offre ai processi di generazione di valore nei piccoli centri.

After regaining independence in 1991 Estonia, like other Baltic states, went through a transition period which can be described as a return to the West, i.e. Europe. By now, Estonia has joined European community and is successfully integrated with Europe. However, in regard to the country’s cultural and political identity, the process of self-determination continues, particularly on the level of regional identity: whether the newly independent Baltic countries belong to Eastern or Northern Europe? Estonia tends to position itself among Nordic countries, primarily by reason of close historical ties and linguistic kinship with Finland. In the light of current identity processes the cultural interaction between Estonia and Finland deserves attention. This paper examines only one aspect: the reception of contemporary Finnish dramaturgy in the 21st century Estonian theatre. Finnish dramas had been staged in Estonian theatres since the end of the 19th century. However, it is noticeable that their number has significantly increased since the 2000s, and the repertoire of the major Estonian theatres contains far more new, contemporary Finnish plays than well-known classics. Plays by Leea Klemola, Sirkku Peltola, Juha Jokela, Mika Myllyaho, Pipsa Lonka and others enjoy great popularity among Estonian audiences. How do these plays represent Finnish society? How were they interpreted and received in Estonian theatre? How do stage productions of Finnish plays contribute to the construction of shared Nordic identity? The paper looks for answers to these questions.

O presente trabalho, realizado, em 1995, no município de Nazaré da Mata, teve como objetivo caracterizar morfológica, física, química, mineralógica e micromorfologicamente perfis com horizonte A chernozêmico na Zona da Mata Norte de Pernambuco. Foram descritos morfologicamente e coletados três perfis de solo com horizontes A chernozêmico, pertencentes às seguintes classes: Solo Litólico, Brunizém Avermelhado e Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo, e realizadas análises físicas, químicas (incluindo quantificação das frações húmicas), mineralógicas e pedográficas. Os atributos pedológicos e as condições ambientais permitiram estabelecer a hipótese de que os horizontes superficiais têm sua formação ligada a interações de clima e vegetação, haja vista que, apesar das condições tropicais chuvosas, esses solos mantêm boa reserva química, provavelmente, graças à ocorrência de uma estação mais seca, que se estende por 5 meses, a qual provoca a queda das folhas e reduz a lixiviação de bases, conferindo, assim, significativa incorporação do material orgânico. Tal reserva química parece contribuir para a preservação da mica (biotita) nesses horizontes, a qual, ante as condições tropicais chuvosas, degradar-se-ia. Entretanto, a riqueza química da solução do solo refrearia o processo intempérico, na medida em que a existência do potássio na solução circundante às partículas sólidas minerais não ocasionaria a retirada do referido elemento da estrutura cristalina da biotita. Dessa feita, tal mineral se mantém preservado no ambiente pedológico. Qualitativamente, as diferenças observadas nas frações húmicas mostram-se decorrentes da influência da erosão, sendo encontrados maiores valores de frações menos resistentes no perfil mais erodido (Solo Litólico). Os horizontes subsuperficiais, por sua vez, são caracterizados, inicialmente, por um processo de formação de argila in situ, sendo compostos de alguma caulinita e interestratificados irregulares envolvendo minerais do tipo 2:1 e 1:1. Com a continuidade da pedogênese, tais horizontes são dominados por minerais mais estáveis (caulinitização), havendo movimentação da fração mais fina, o que leva à formação do horizonte B iluvial, onde ocorre também a formação de argila in situ Fatores como variação quantitativa da mineralogia do material de origem, padrão estrutural do gnaisse e relevo, parecem controlar a formação e evolução dos solos estudados.

Abstract. Across the world, nature-triggered disasters fuelled by climate change are worsening. Some two billion people have been affected by the consequences of natural hazards over the last ten years, 95% of which were weather-related (such as floods and windstorms). Fires swept across large parts of California, and in Australia caused unprecedented destruction to lives, wildlife and bush. This picture is likely to become the new normal, and indeed may worsen if unchecked. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that in some locations, disaster that once had a once-in-a-century frequency may become annual events by 2050.Disaster management needs to keep up. Good cooperation and coordination of crisis response operations are of critical importance to react rapidly and adequately to any crisis situation, while post-disaster recovery presents opportunities to build resilience towards reducing the scale of the next disaster. Technology to support crisis response has advanced greatly in the last few years. Systems for early warning, command and control and decision-making have been successfully implemented in many countries and regions all over the world. Efforts to improve humanitarian response, in particular in relation to combating disasters in rapidly urbanising cities, have also led to better approaches that grapple with complexity and uncertainty.The challenges however are daunting. Many aspects related to the efficient collection and integration of geo-information, applied semantics and situational awareness for disaster management are still open, while agencies, organisations and governmental authorities need to improve their practices for building better resilience.Gi4DM 2020 marked the 13th edition of the Geoinformation for Disaster Management series of conferences. The first conference was held in 2005 in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami which claimed the lives of over 220,000 civilians. The 2019-20 Australian Bushfire Season saw some 18.6 million Ha of bushland burn, 5,900 buildings destroyed and nearly three billion vertebrates killed. Gi4DM 2020 then was held during Covid-19 pandemic, which took the lives of more than 1,150,000 people by the time of the conference. The pandemic affected the organisation of the conference, but the situation also provided the opportunity to address important global problems.The fundamental goal of the Gi4DM has always been to provide a forum where emergency responders, disaster managers, urban planners, stakeholders, researchers, data providers and system developers can discuss challenges, share experience, discuss new ideas and demonstrate technology. The 12 previous editions of Gi4DM conferences were held in Delft, the Netherlands (March 2005), Goa, India (September 2006), Toronto, Canada (May 2007), Harbin, China (August 2008), Prague, Czech Republic (January 2009), Torino, Italy (February 2010), Antalya, Turkey (May 2011), Enschede, the Netherlands (December, 2012), Hanoi, Vietnam (December 2013), Montpellier, France (2015), Istanbul, Turkey (2018) and Prague, Czech Republic (2019). Through the years Gi4DM has been organised in cooperation with different international bodies such as ISPRS, UNOOSA, ICA, ISCRAM, FIG, IAG, OGC and WFP and supported by national organisations.Gi4DM 2020 was held as part of Climate Change and Disaster Management: Technology and Resilience for a Troubled World. The event took place through the whole week of 30th of November to 4th of December, Sydney, Australia and included three events: Gi4DM 2020, NSW Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute (NSW SSSI) annual meeting and Urban Resilience Asia Pacific 2 (URAP2).The event explored two interlinked aspects of disaster management in relation to climate change. The first was geo-information technologies and their application for work in crisis situations, as well as sensor and communication networks and their roles for improving situational awareness. The second aspect was resilience, and its role and purpose across the entire cycle of disaster management, from pre-disaster preparedness to post-disaster recovery including challenges and opportunities in relation to rapid urbanisation and the role of security in improved disaster management practices.This volume consists of 22 scientific papers. These were selected on the basis of double-blind review from among the 40 short papers submitted to the Gi4DM 2020 conference. Each paper was reviewed by two scientific reviewers. The authors of the papers were encouraged to revise, extend and adapt their papers to reflect the comments of the reviewers and fit the goals of this volume. The selected papers concentrate on monitoring and analysis of various aspects related to Covid-19 (4), emergency response (4), earthquakes (3), flood (2), forest fire, landslides, glaciers, drought, land cover change, crop management, surface temperature, address standardisation and education for disaster management. The presented methods range from remote sensing, LiDAR and photogrammetry on different platforms to GIS and Web-based technologies. Figure 1 illustrates the covered topics via wordcount of keywords and titles.The Gi4DM 2020 program consisted of scientific presentations, keynote speeches, panel discussions and tutorials. The four keynotes speakers Prof Suzan Cutter (Hazard and Vulnerability Research Institute, USC, US), Jeremy Fewtrell (NSW Fire and Rescue, Australia), Prof Orhan Altan (Ad-hoc Committee on RISK and Disaster Management, GeoUnions, Turkey) and Prof Philip Gibbins (Fenner School of Environment and Society, ANU, Australia) concentrated on different aspects of disaster and risk management in the context of climate change. Eight tutorials offered exciting workshops and hands-on on: Semantic web tools and technologies within Disaster Management, Structure-from-motion photogrammetry, Radar Remote Sensing, Dam safety: Monitoring subsidence with SAR Interferometry, Location-based Augmented Reality apps with Unity and Mapbox, Visualising bush fires datasets using open source, Making data smarter to manage disasters and emergency situational awareness and Response using HERE Location Services. The scientific sessions were blended with panel discussions to provide more opportunities to exchange ideas and experiences, connect people and researchers from all over the world.The editors of this volume acknowledge all members of the scientific committee for their time, careful review and valuable comments: Abdoulaye Diakité (Australia), Alexander Rudloff (Germany), Alias Abdul Rahman (Malaysia), Alper Yilmaz (USA), Amy Parker (Australia), Ashraf Dewan (Australia), Bapon Shm Fakhruddin (New Zealand), Batuhan Osmanoglu (USA), Ben Gorte (Australia), Bo Huang (Hong Kong), Brendon McAtee (Australia), Brian Lee (Australia), Bruce Forster (Australia), Charity Mundava (Australia), Charles Toth (USA), Chris Bellman (Australia), Chris Pettit (Australia), Clive Fraser (Australia), Craig Glennie (USA), David Belton (Australia), Dev Raj Paudyal (Australia), Dimitri Bulatov (Germany), Dipak Paudyal (Australia), Dorota Iwaszczuk (Germany), Edward Verbree (The Netherlands), Eliseo Clementini (Italy), Fabio Giulio Tonolo (Italy), Fazlay Faruque (USA), Filip Biljecki (Singapore), Petra Helmholz (Australia), Francesco Nex (The Netherlands), Franz Rottensteiner (Germany), George Sithole (South Africa), Graciela Metternicht (Australia), Haigang Sui (China), Hans-Gerd Maas (Germany), Hao Wu (China), Huayi Wu (China), Ivana Ivanova (Australia), Iyyanki Murali Krishna (India), Jack Barton (Australia), Jagannath Aryal (Australia), Jie Jiang (China), Joep Compvoets (Belgium), Jonathan Li (Canada), Kourosh Khoshelham (Australia), Krzysztof Bakuła (Poland), Lars Bodum (Denmark), Lena Halounova (Czech Republic), Madhu Chandra (Germany), Maria Antonia Brovelli (Italy), Martin Breunig (Germany), Martin Tomko (Australia), Mila Koeva (The Netherlands), Mingshu Wang (The Netherlands), Mitko Aleksandrov (Australia), Mulhim Al Doori (UAE), Nancy Glenn (Australia), Negin Nazarian (Australia), Norbert Pfeifer (Austria), Norman Kerle (The Netherlands), Orhan Altan (Turkey), Ori Gudes (Australia), Pawel Boguslawski (Poland), Peter van Oosterom (The Netherlands), Petr Kubíček (Czech Republic), Petros Patias (Greece), Piero Boccardo (Italy), Qiaoli Wu (China), Qing Zhu (China), Riza Yosia Sunindijo (Australia), Roland Billen (Belgium), Rudi Stouffs (Singapore), Scott Hawken (Australia), Serene Coetzee (South Africa), Shawn Laffan (Australia), Shisong Cao (China), Sisi Zlatanova (Australia), Songnian Li (Canada), Stephan Winter (Australia), Tarun Ghawana (Australia), Ümit Işıkdağ (Turkey), Wei Li (Australia), Wolfgang Reinhardt (Germany), Xianlian Liang (Finland) and Yanan Liu (China).The editors would like to express their gratitude to all contributors, who made this volume possible. Many thanks go to all supporting organisations: ISPRS, SSSI, URAP2, Blackash, Mercury and ISPRS Journal of Geoinformation. The editors are grateful to the continued support of the involved Universities: The University of New South Wales, Curtin University, Australian National University and The University of Melbourne.

Abstract. Across the world, nature-triggered disasters fuelled by climate change are worsening. Some two billion people have been affected by the consequences of natural hazards over the last ten years, 95% of which were weather-related (such as floods and windstorms). Fires swept across large parts of California, and in Australia caused unprecedented destruction to lives, wildlife and bush. This picture is likely to become the new normal, and indeed may worsen if unchecked. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that in some locations, disaster that once had a once-in-a-century frequency may become annual events by 2050.Disaster management needs to keep up. Good cooperation and coordination of crisis response operations are of critical importance to react rapidly and adequately to any crisis situation, while post-disaster recovery presents opportunities to build resilience towards reducing the scale of the next disaster. Technology to support crisis response has advanced greatly in the last few years. Systems for early warning, command and control and decision-making have been successfully implemented in many countries and regions all over the world. Efforts to improve humanitarian response, in particular in relation to combating disasters in rapidly urbanising cities, have also led to better approaches that grapple with complexity and uncertainty.The challenges however are daunting. Many aspects related to the efficient collection and integration of geo-information, applied semantics and situational awareness for disaster management are still open, while agencies, organisations and governmental authorities need to improve their practices for building better resilience.Gi4DM 2020 marked the 13th edition of the Geoinformation for Disaster Management series of conferences. The first conference was held in 2005 in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami which claimed the lives of over 220,000 civilians. The 2019-20 Australian Bushfire Season saw some 18.6 million Ha of bushland burn, 5,900 buildings destroyed and nearly three billion vertebrates killed. Gi4DM 2020 then was held during Covid-19 pandemic, which took the lives of more than 1,150,000 people by the time of the conference. The pandemic affected the organisation of the conference, but the situation also provided the opportunity to address important global problems.The fundamental goal of the Gi4DM has always been to provide a forum where emergency responders, disaster managers, urban planners, stakeholders, researchers, data providers and system developers can discuss challenges, share experience, discuss new ideas and demonstrate technology. The 12 previous editions of Gi4DM conferences were held in Delft, the Netherlands (March 2005), Goa, India (September 2006), Toronto, Canada (May 2007), Harbin, China (August 2008), Prague, Czech Republic (January 2009), Torino, Italy (February 2010), Antalya, Turkey (May 2011), Enschede, the Netherlands (December, 2012), Hanoi, Vietnam (December 2013), Montpellier, France (2015), Istanbul, Turkey (2018) and Prague, Czech Republic (2019). Through the years Gi4DM has been organised in cooperation with different international bodies such as ISPRS, UNOOSA, ICA, ISCRAM, FIG, IAG, OGC and WFP and supported by national organisations.Gi4DM 2020 was held as part of Climate Change and Disaster Management: Technology and Resilience for a Troubled World. The event took place through the whole week of 30th of November to 4th of December, Sydney, Australia and included three events: Gi4DM 2020, NSW Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute (NSW SSSI) annual meeting and Urban Resilience Asia Pacific 2 (URAP2).The event explored two interlinked aspects of disaster management in relation to climate change. The first was geo-information technologies and their application for work in crisis situations, as well as sensor and communication networks and their roles for improving situational awareness. The second aspect was resilience, and its role and purpose across the entire cycle of disaster management, from pre-disaster preparedness to post-disaster recovery including challenges and opportunities in relation to rapid urbanisation and the role of security in improved disaster management practices.This volume consists of 16 peer-reviewed scientific papers. These were selected on the basis of double-blind review from among the 25 full papers submitted to the Gi4DM 2020 conference. Each paper was reviewed by three scientific reviewers. The authors of the papers were encouraged to revise, extend and adapt their papers to reflect the comments of the reviewers and fit the goals of this volume. The selected papers concentrate on monitoring and analysis of forest fire (3), landslides (3), flood (2), earthquake, avalanches, water pollution, heat, evacuation and urban sustainability, applying a variety of remote sensing, GIS and Web-based technologies. Figure 1 illustrates the scope of the covered topics though the word count of keywords and titles.The Gi4DM 2020 program consisted of scientific presentations, keynote speeches, panel discussions and tutorials. The four keynotes speakers Prof Suzan Cutter (Hazard and Vulnerability Research Institute, USC, US), Jeremy Fewtrell (NSW Fire and Rescue, Australia), Prof Orhan Altan (Ad-hoc Committee on RISK and Disaster Management, GeoUnions, Turkey) and Prof Philip Gibbins (Fenner School of Environment and Society, ANU, Australia) concentrated on different aspects of disaster and risk management in the context of climate change. Eight tutorials offered exciting workshops and hands-on on: Semantic web tools and technologies within Disaster Management, Structure-from-motion photogrammetry, Radar Remote Sensing, Dam safety: Monitoring subsidence with SAR Interferometry, Location-based Augmented Reality apps with Unity and Mapbox, Visualising bush fires datasets using open source, Making data smarter to manage disasters and emergency situational awareness and Response using HERE Location Services. The scientific sessions were blended with panel discussions to provide more opportunities to exchange ideas and experiences, connect people and researchers from all over the world.The editors of this volume acknowledge all members of the scientific committee for their time, careful review and valuable comments: Abdoulaye Diakité (Australia), Alexander Rudloff (Germany), Alias Abdul Rahman (Malaysia), Alper Yilmaz (USA), Amy Parker (Australia), Ashraf Dewan (Australia), Bapon Shm Fakhruddin (New Zealand), Batuhan Osmanoglu (USA), Ben Gorte (Australia), Bo Huang (Hong Kong), Brendon McAtee (Australia), Brian Lee (Australia), Bruce Forster (Australia), Charity Mundava (Australia), Charles Toth (USA), Chris Bellman (Australia), Chris Pettit (Australia), Clive Fraser (Australia), Craig Glennie (USA), David Belton (Australia), Dev Raj Paudyal (Australia), Dimitri Bulatov (Germany), Dipak Paudyal (Australia), Dorota Iwaszczuk (Germany), Edward Verbree (The Netherlands), Eliseo Clementini (Italy), Fabio Giulio Tonolo (Italy), Fazlay Faruque (USA), Filip Biljecki (Singapore), Petra Helmholz (Australia), Francesco Nex (The Netherlands), Franz Rottensteiner (Germany), George Sithole (South Africa), Graciela Metternicht (Australia), Haigang Sui (China), Hans-Gerd Maas (Germany), Hao Wu (China), Huayi Wu (China), Ivana Ivanova (Australia), Iyyanki Murali Krishna (India), Jack Barton (Australia), Jagannath Aryal (Australia), Jie Jiang (China), Joep Compvoets (Belgium), Jonathan Li (Canada), Kourosh Khoshelham (Australia), Krzysztof Bakuła (Poland), Lars Bodum (Denmark), Lena Halounova (Czech Republic), Madhu Chandra (Germany), Maria Antonia Brovelli (Italy), Martin Breunig (Germany), Martin Tomko (Australia), Mila Koeva (The Netherlands), Mingshu Wang (The Netherlands), Mitko Aleksandrov (Australia), Mulhim Al Doori (UAE), Nancy Glenn (Australia), Negin Nazarian (Australia), Norbert Pfeifer (Austria), Norman Kerle (The Netherlands), Orhan Altan (Turkey), Ori Gudes (Australia), Pawel Boguslawski (Poland), Peter van Oosterom (The Netherlands), Petr Kubíček (Czech Republic), Petros Patias (Greece), Piero Boccardo (Italy), Qiaoli Wu (China), Qing Zhu (China), Riza Yosia Sunindijo (Australia), Roland Billen (Belgium), Rudi Stouffs (Singapore), Scott Hawken (Australia), Serene Coetzee (South Africa), Shawn Laffan (Australia), Shisong Cao (China), Sisi Zlatanova (Australia), Songnian Li (Canada), Stephan Winter (Australia), Tarun Ghawana (Australia), Ümit Işıkdağ (Turkey), Wei Li (Australia), Wolfgang Reinhardt (Germany), Xianlian Liang (Finland) and Yanan Liu (China).The editors would like to express their gratitude to all contributors, who made this volume possible. Many thanks go to all supporting organisations: ISPRS, SSSI, URAP2, Blackash, Mercury and ISPRS Journal of Geoinformation. The editors are grateful to the continued support of the involved Universities: The University of New South Wales, Curtin University, Australian National University and The University of Melbourne.

RESUMOA questão da montagem é tratada como um importante procedimento na produção gráfica da artista paulistana Leya Mira Brander. Evitando a mera homogeinização, procura-se considerar os seguintes aspectos relacionados à montagem: por seriação temporal, por anacronismo, por justaposição, por colagem, por sobreposição, por sobreposição dedutiva, por aglomeração. Palavras ChaveLeya Mira Brander, gravura em metal, procedimento de montagem. AbstractThe Montage issue is dealt as an important procedure in the Leya Mira Brander’s graphic work, an artist from São Paulo. Avoiding a simple homogenization, seeks to consider the following aspects related to the Montage: by time serialization, by anachronism, by juxtaposition, by collage, by superposition, by deductive superposition and by agglomeration.Key wordsLeya Mira Brander, metal engraving, montage procedure.

El autor pretende dar una visión positiva del moderno Vietnam, un país que después de años de dominación extranjera, y terminada una de las más sangrientas guerras del siglo XX, ha vuelto una página de su historia, y animado por su lema de “independencia–unidad–socialismo”, mira al futuro con ilusión. El artículo empieza con un breve repaso a su turbulenta historia, para analizar, seguidamente, el actual sistema político socialista de Vietnam tal como viene reflejado en su Constitución de 1992. También se estudia el proceso de profunda autocrítica del gobierno vietnamita que llevó a la adopción de la politica del “Doi Moi” (renovación) y a la introducción de un sistema de mercado libre sin renunciar al ideal socialista. Luego se analiza el papel de la empresa privada en esta nueva economía y su marco jurídico, para terminar con una rápida mirada a los derechos civiles reconocidos por la Constitución, con especial énfasis en el derecho de libertad religiosa.

Alemania es conocida internacionalmente por el movimiento ecologista de los años 70 y el liderazgo que ejerce en el desarrollo de acciones y medidas para la protección de la naturaleza. A pesar de dichos esfuerzos, hoy en día, sigue siendo el productor más importante de lignito del mundo, también conocido como carbón marron. En un lugar cerca de la ciudad Colonia, se encuentra la mina de lignito a cielo abierto más grande de Europa llamada Hambach. Para que la empresa energética RWE, dueña de la mina, pueda ampliar su territorio, quiere deforestar el Bosque de Hambach completamente. Se trata de un bosque de 12.000 años que queda al lado de la mina. Desde 2012, distintas personas están resistiendo contra la deforestación y RWE. Durante el transcurso del tiempo, se construyó un movimiento bajo el lema ¡Hambi bleibt![1]. Este articulo quiere dar respuesta a la pregunta, hasta qué punto se trata de una resistencia no-violenta. Para esto, se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas con nueve personas que forman parte de los procesos de resistencia y también se analizaron artículos y materiales audiovisuales. El resultado clave es que la mayoría de las personas actúa con métodos de acción no-violenta y que la autoimagen se distingue claramente de la atribución externa. El artículo amplia la Investigación para la Paz con respecto a conflictos socio-ambientales actuales. [1] En español: ¡Hambi se queda!

The article is focused on the study of the perception of Lesya Ukrainka, a famous Ukrainian writer, in contemporary Ukrainian society. The research is based on a free word association test held online with 200 respondents aged from 13 to 70. As a result of applying quantitative analysis of the associates and semantic gestalt method the authors singled out productive semantic zones concerning each of the stimuli. These zones presented an anthroponymic triad of personality identification related to the author’s names ‘Larysa Kvitka’, ‘Larysa Kosach’, and the pseudonym ‘Lesya Ukrainka’. The nuclear zones in each associative field manifest a tendency for uniformity. They are related to her professional activities, her works, elements of inner and outer portrayal, as well as of evaluative spectrum. The respondents have shown predominantly high levels of knowledge about Lesya Ukrainka’s personality, which is proven, in particular, by their reverse frequency reactions and peripheral character of zero reactions. A dominant positive evaluative spectrum of perception of Lesya Ukrainka, as well as productivity of individual associates of interpretational character, was also important. References Barnett, L. (2007). The nature of playfulness in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 949-958. Bowman, J. (1987). Making Work Play. In G. A. Fine (Ed.), Meaningful Play, Playful Meanings (pp. 61-71). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Bundy, A. (1996). Play and Playfulness: What to Look for. In D.L. Parham & L. S. Fazio (Eds.), Play in Occupational Therapy for Children (pp. 52−66). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapman, J. (1978). Playfulness and the development of divergent thinking abilities. Child: Care, Health and Development, 4, 371-383. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Play and intrinsic rewards. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15, 41-63. Dal, V. I. (2011). Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language: in four volumes. Publishing house: Drofa. Retrieved from: http://slovardalja.net/ Glynn, M., & Webster, J. (1992). The adult playfulness scale: an initial assessment. Psychological Reports, 71 (1), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.1.83 Гордиенко-Митрофанова, И.В. (2014а). Лексикографическое значение слова «игривость» (подготовительный этап психолингвистического эксперимента). Психологічні перспективи, 24, 76-88. Гордиенко-Митрофанова, И.В. (2014b). Психологическое содержание лексикографических значений слова «игривый» (подготовительный этап психолингвистического эксперимента). Проблеми сучасної педагогічної освіти, 46 (3), 298-306. Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2017a). Playful competence: the access code to the inner resources. Proceedings of the 15th European Congress of Psychology. Amsterdam, 11-14 July. (19) Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2017b). Humour as a component of ludic competence. Visnyk of H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Psychology, 57, 40-56. Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Kobzieva, Iu. (2018). Concept “holy fool” in the linguistic world-image of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 24(1), 118-133. https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2018-24-1-118-133 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Kobzieva, Iu. (2019). Gender- and role-specific differences in the perception of the concept “impishness” (based on the results of a psycholinguistic experiment). Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 25(1), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-1-33-48 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., Kobzieva, Iu. & Silina, A. (2018a). Psycholinguistic meanings of the verbalised concept “holy fool” (based on the results of the psycholinguistic experiment). Vіsnyk of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Psychology, 59, 18-34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2527863 Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I., Kobzieva, I. & Sauta, S. (2019). Psycholinguistic meanings of playfulness. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 6(1), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3371627 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., Pidchasov, Ye., Sauta, S., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2018b). The problem of sample representativeness for conducting experimental and broad psychological research. Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 23(1), 11-46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1212360 Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. V., & Sauta, S. L. (2016). Playfulness as a peculiar expression of sexual relationships (semantic interpretation of the results of the psycholinguistic experiment). European Humanities Studies: State and Society, 1, 46-62. Retrieved from: http://ehs-ss.pl/czasopismo/EHS-SS-01-2016.pdf Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Sypko, A. (2015). Playfulness as a relevant lexeme in the bilingual linguistic consciousness of Ukrainian people. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 2(1), 43-51. Retrieved from http://esnuir.eenu.edu.ua/bitstream/ 123456789/9355/1/eejpl_journal_2_1_2015_sypko_hordiyenko_mytrofanova.pdf Groos, K. (1976). The Play of Man: Teasing and Love-Play. In J. Brunner, A. Jolly, & K. Sylva (Eds.), Play, Development and Evolution (pp. 62–83). Middlesex, United Kingdom: Penguin Books. Guitard, P., Ferland, F. & Dutil, É. (2005). Toward a better understanding of playfulness in adults. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 25 (1), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/153944920502500103 Кобзева, Ю., Гордиенко-Митрофанова, И., Гончаренко-Кулиш, А. (2020a). Определение шаловливости как компонента игровой компетентности через реконструкцию семантических элементов концепта «шаловливость». Проблеми сучасної психології, 47, 118-140. https://doi.org/10.32626/2227-6246.2020-47 Kobzieva Iu., Gordienko-Mytrofanova I., Sauta S. (2020b). Psycholinguistic Features of Imagination as a Component of Ludic Competence. EUREKA: Social and Humanities, 2, 15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2020.001128 Kobzieva Iu., Gordienko-Mytrofanova I., Udovenko M., Sauta S. (2020c). Concept “humour” in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. European Journal of Humour Research, 8(1), 29-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2020.8.1.kobzieva. Караулов Ю. Н., Черкасова Г. А., Уфимцева Н. В., Сорокин Ю. А., Тарасов Е. Ф. Русский ассоциативный словарь. В 2-х т. Т. I. От стимула к реакции: ок.7000 стимулов. М.: ООО «Издательство Астрель»: ООО Издательство АСТ». Караулов Ю. Н., Черкасова Г. А., Уфимцева Н. В., Сорокин Ю. А., Тарасов Е. Ф. Русский ассоциативный словарь. В 2-х т. Т. II. От реакции к стимулу: более 100 000 реакций. М.: ООО «Издательство Астрель»: ООО Издательство АСТ». Ожегов, С. И., Шведова, Н. Ю. (2011). Толковый словарь русского языка. Москва: Мир и образование, Оникс. Попова, З. Д., Стернин, И. А. (2007). Семантико-когнитивный анализ языка. Воронеж: Истоки. Proyer, R. (2012). Development and initial assessment of a short measure for adult playfulness: The SMAP. Personality and Individual Differences, 53 (8), 989-994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.07.018 Proyer, R. (2017). A new structural model for the study of adult playfulness: Assessment and exploration of an understudied individual differences variable. Personality and Individual Differences, 108, 113-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.011 Raven, J. (2001). The Conceptualisation of Competence. New York: Peter Lang. Schaefer, C. & Greenberg, R. (1997). Measurement of playfulness: a neglected therapist variable. International Journal of Play Therapy, 6(2), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0089406 Shen, X. (2010). Adult Playfulness as a Personality Trait: Its Conceptualization, Measurement, and Relationship to Psychological Well-Being. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Pennsylvania State University Library Catalog (OCLC No. 859524715). Shen, X., Chick, G. & Zinn, H. (2014). Playfulness in adulthood as a personality trait: a reconceptualization and a new measurement. Journal of Leisure Research, 46(1), 58-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2014.11950313 Стернин, И. А., Рудакова, А. В. (2011). Психолингвистическое значение слова и его описание. Воронеж: Ламберт. Tsuji, Hit., Tsuji, Hei., Yamada, S., Natsuno, Y., Morita, Y., Mukoyama, Y., Hata, K. & Fujishima, Y. (1996). Standardization of the Five Factor Personality Questionnaire: Factor structure. International Journal of Psychology, 31. Proceedings from the XXVI International Congress of Psychology Montreal, 16-21August (103-217). Уфимцева, Н. (2009). Образ мира русских: системность и содержание. Язык и культура, 98-111. Ушаков, Д. Н. (1935-1940). Толковый словарь русского языка: в четырех томах. Москва: Сов.энциклопедия: ОГИЗ. Yarnal, C. & Qian, X. (2011). Older-adult playfulness: an innovative construct and measurement for healthy aging research. American Journal of Play, 4 (1), 52-79. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ985548.pdf Ефремова, Т. Ф. (2000). Новый словарь русского языка. Толково-словообразовательный. Москва: Русский язык. Епишкин, Н. И. (2010). Историчесикй словарь галлицизмов русского языка. Словарное издательство ЭТС. Yue, X., Leung, C. & Hiranandani, N. (2016). Adult playfulness, humor styles, and subjective happiness. Psychological Reports, 119 (3), 630-640. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294116662842 Засекина, Л. В. (2008). Тенденції розвитку вітчизняної психолінгвістики: методологічний огляд проблем та окреслення шляхів їх вирішення. Retrieved from: Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 1. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/psling_2008_1_2 References (translated and transliterated) Barnett, L. (2007). The nature of playfulness in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 949-958. Bowman, J. (1987). Making Work Play. In G. A. Fine (Ed.), Meaningful Play, Playful Meanings (pp. 61-71). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Bundy, A. (1996). Play and Playfulness: What to Look for. In D.L. Parham & L. S. Fazio (Eds.), Play in Occupational Therapy for Children (pp. 52−66). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Chapman, J. (1978). Playfulness and the development of divergent thinking abilities. Child: Care, Health and Development, 4, 371-383. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Play and intrinsic rewards. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15, 41-63. Dal, V. I. (2011). Tolkovyi Slovar Zhivogo Velikorusskogo Yazyka [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language]: in four volumes. Publishing house: Drofa. Retrieved from: http://slovardalja.net/ Glynn, M., & Webster, J. (1992). The adult playfulness scale: an initial assessment. Psychological Reports, 71(1), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.1.83 Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I.V. (2014a). Leksikograficheskoie znacheniie slova “igrivost” (podgotovitelnyi etap psikholingvisticheskogo eksperimenta) [The lexicographic meaning of the word “playfulness” (preparatory stage of a psycholinguistic experiment)]. Psykholohichni Perspektyvy − Psychological Prospects, 24, 76-88. Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I.V. (2014b). Psikhologicheskoie soderzhaniie leksikograficheskikh znachenii slova “igrivyi” (podgotovitelnyi etap psikholingvisticheskogo eksperimenta) [The psychological content of lexicographic meanings of the word “playful” (preparatory stage of the psycholinguistic experiment)]. Problemy suchasnoi pedahohichnoi osvity − Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education, 46(3), 298-306. Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I.V. (2014c). Psikhologicheskaia interpretatsiia leksikograficheskogo opisaniia slova “igrivyi” [Psychological interpretation of the lexicographic description of the word “playful”]. Problemy Suchasnoi Psykholohii − Problems of Modern Psychology, 25, 83-98. Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2017a). Playful competence: the access code to the inner resources. Proceedings of the 15th European Congress of Psychology Amsterdam, 11-14 July. (19). Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2017b). Humour as a component of ludic competence. Visnyk of H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Psychology, 57, 40-56. Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Kobzieva, Iu. (2018). Concept “holy fool” in the linguistic world-image of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. Psycholinguistics- Psiholingvistika, 24 (1), 118-133. https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2018-24-1-118-133 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Kobzieva, Iu. (2019). Gender- and role-specific differences in the perception of the concept “impishness” (based on the results of a psycholinguistic experiment). Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 25(1), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-1-33-48 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., Kobzieva, Iu. & Silina, A. (2018a). Psycholinguistic meanings of the verbalised concept “holy fool” (based on the results of the psycholinguistic experiment). Vіsnyk of H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Psychology, 59, 18-34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2527863 Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I., Kobzieva, I. & Sauta, S. (2019). Psycholinguistic meanings of playfulness. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 6(1), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3371627 Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., Pidchasov, Ye., Sauta, S., & Kobzieva, Iu. (2018b). The problem of sample representativeness for conducting experimental and broad psychological research. Psycholinguistics-Psiholingvistika, 23(1), 11-46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1212360 Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. V., & Sauta, S. L. (2016). Playfulness as a peculiar expression of sexual relationships (semantic interpretation of the results of the psycholinguistic experiment). European Humanities Studies: State and Society, 1, 46-62. Retrieved from: http://ehs-ss.pl/czasopismo/EHS-SS-01-2016.pdf Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. & Sypko, A. (2015). Playfulness as a relevant lexeme in the bilingual linguistic consciousness of Ukrainian people. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics, 2(1), 43-51. Retrieved from: http://esnuir.eenu.edu.ua/bitstream/ 123456789/9355/1/eejpl_journal_2_1_2015_sypko_hordiyenko_mytrofanova.pdf Groos, K. (1976). The Play of Man: Teasing and Love-Play. In J. Brunner, A. Jolly, & K. Sylva (Eds.), Play, Development and Evolution (pp. 62–83). Middlesex, United Kingdom: Penguin Books. Guitard, P., Ferland, F. & Dutil, É. (2005). Toward a better understanding of playfulness in adults. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 25 (1), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/153944920502500103 Kobzieva, Iu., Gordienko-Mytrofanova, I., Goncharenko-Kulish, A. (2020a). Opredeleniie shalovlivosti kak komponenta igrovoi kompetentosti cherez rekonstruktsiiu semanticheskikh elementov kontsepta “shalovlivost” [Defining impishness as a component of ludic competence via restructuring semantic elements of the concept “impishness”]. Problemy Suchasnoi Psykholohii − Problems of Modern Psychology, 47, 118-140. https://doi.org/10.32626/2227-6246.2020-47 Kobzieva Iu., Gordienko-Mytrofanova I., Sauta S. (2020b). Psycholinguistic Features of Imagination as a Component of Ludic Competence. EUREKA: Social and Humanities, 2, 15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2020.001128 Kobzieva Iu., Gordienko-Mytrofanova I., Udovenko M., Sauta S. (2020c). Concept “humour” in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. European Journal of Humour Research, 8(1), 29-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2020.8.1.kobzieva Karaulov, Yu. N., Cherkasova, G. A., Ufimtseva, N. V., Sorokin, Yu. A., & Tarasov, Ye. F. (2002a). Russkii Assotsiativnyi Slovar [Russian Associative Vocabulary], Vol. 1. Ot reaktsii k stimulu [From Reaction to Stimulus], ca. 100000 reactions. Мoscow: LLC Astrel Publishers; LLC AST Publishers. Karaulov, Yu. N., Cherkasova, G. A., Ufimtseva, N. V., Sorokin, Yu. A., & Tarasov, Ye. F. (2002b). Russkii Assotsiativnyi Slovar [Russian Associative Vocabulary], Vol. 2. Ot stimula k reaktsii [From Stimulus to Reaction], ca. 7000 stimuli. Мoscow: LLC Astrel Publishers; LLC AST Publishers. Ozhegov, S. I. & Shvedova, N. Yu. (2011). Tolkovyi Slovar Russkogo Yazyka [Dictionary of Russian Language]. Мoscow: Mir i Obrazovaniie, Oniks. Popova, Z. D. & Sternin, I. A. (2007). Semantiko-Kognitivnyi Analiz Yazyka [Semantic and Cognitive Analysis of Language]. Voronezh: Istoki. Proyer, R. (2012). Development and initial assessment of a short measure for adult playfulness: The SMAP. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(8), 989-994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.07.018 Proyer, R. (2017). A new structural model for the study of adult playfulness: Assessment and exploration of an understudied individual differences variable. Personality and Individual Differences, 108, 113-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.011 Raven, J. (2001). The Conceptualisation of Competence. New York: Peter Lang. Schaefer, C. & Greenberg, R. (1997). Measurement of playfulness: a neglected therapist variable. International Journal of Play Therapy, 6 (2), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0089406 Shen, X. (2010). Adult Playfulness as a Personality Trait: Its Conceptualization, Measurement, and Relationship to Psychological Well-Being. (Doctoral dissertation). 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Leto 2017 bomo sklenili s temo varnostnih sil prihodnosti. Prihodnost je težko napovedovati, uganiti ali predvideti, pa vendar se nekateri posamezniki, institucije in korporacije ukvarjajo s tem. Yuval Noah Harari je na temo prihodnosti objavil delo Homo deus – kratka zgodovina prihodnosti. V njem predvideva, da se bomo v prihodnosti borili predvsem proti smrti. To naj bi bilo glavno vodilo razvoja prihodnjih generacij. Kaj bo temeljno vodilo razvoja na področju varnostnih sil, ni ravno tema, ki bi polnila naslovnice dnevnega časopisja, še manj je to tema, ki bi pomenila prodajno uspešnico na knjižnih policah založnikov. Je pa tema, ki je večno navzoča na vseh tistih področjih, ki se ukvarjajo z zagotavljanjem varnosti. Tako so v okviru Evropske unije decembra oblikovali Stalno strukturno sodelovanje (PESCO), ki naj bi prispevalo k boljšemu sodelovanju držav članic EU pri usposabljanju, razvoju zmogljivosti in operativni pripravljenosti v okviru obrambe. To je bil odziv na varnostno dogajanje v Evropi z upoštevanjem bližnje in daljne soseščine, o čemer so številni avtorji že pisali v prejšnjih številkah Sodobnih vojaških izzivov. Kakšna bo vloga Slovenije v Stalnem strukturnem sodelovanju, je mogoče še prezgodaj ugotavljati, je pa nujno, da se tej temi posvečamo resno in odgovorno. Pa ne le tej temi. Resneje moramo začeti razpravljati o tem, kakšna bo varnostna prihodnost Slovenije. Pred časom so nas presenetile poplave, leta 2014 nas je presenetil žled, leta 2015 evropska migrantska kriza. Kaj smo se naučili iz teh izkušenj? Koliko razprav in posvetov je bilo na te teme, koliko zbornikov je izšlo, koliko člankov je bilo napisanih? Koliko sprememb smo naredili v sistemu nacionalne varnosti in kako smo pripravljeni na nove izzive? Ko smo se pripravljali na vstop v Evropsko unijo in zvezo Nato, smo se sistemsko organizirali, pripravili medijsko kampanjo, imeli vso politično podporo in veliko javne podpore za to, da dosežemo cilj. Kaj se je zgodilo v tej deželi, da se ne posvečamo več osebni in kolektivni varnosti toliko, kot bi bilo pragmatično? Marsikaj. Veliko je bilo o tem napisanega in povedanega, pa vendar … Dejstvo je, da imamo na področju varnosti in obrambe različna mnenja, poglede ter zamisli, in prav je tako. V uredniškem odboru Sodobnih vojaških izzivov smo se odločili, da se temi o varnostnih silah prihodnosti s poudarkom na Sloveniji posvetimo v tej številki. Ob upoštevanju geografske lege Slovenije se je Viktor Potočnik osredotočil na Protioklepni boj v Slovenski vojski, pri čemer ponuja odgovor na vprašanje, kaj in koliko na tem področju glede opreme Slovenija potrebuje, da bi funkcionalno zagotavljala svojo varnost. V članku z naslovom Prispevki za analizo izzivov in prihodnjega razvoja ter obsega vojske v Sloveniji Alojz Šteiner zapiše, da čeprav smo v Sloveniji sredi procesov projektiranja in programiranja ter normativnega urejanja obrambno-vojaškega sistema, meni, da je potrebna ponovna oziroma vmesna analiza. Opozarja na nujnost premisleka o še vedno odprtih vprašanjih in dodaja poglede na to, kateri so ti izzivi. O nujnosti temeljite presoje vojaškega koncepta vojaške strateške rezerve razpravlja Vinko Vegič v članku Vojaška strateška rezerva in transformacija sodobnih oboroženih sil. Kot meni avtor, koncept vojaške strateške rezerve ni skladen s transformacijo sodobnih vojsk, njeno izvedljivostjo in širšim družbenim konceptom. Na članke avtorjev Kotnika, Potočnika in Žurge v zadnji številki leta 2016 se je odzval Miha Šlebir, ki v članku z naslovom Topovi ali maslo? Primerjalna analiza obrambnih izdatkov republike Slovenije ugotavlja, kako je s trendom financiranja in razporejanja po posameznih področjih znotraj oboroženih sil v državah članicah EU in kaj to lahko pomeni za Slovenijo in njeno vojsko. Na članek Younga iz zadnje številke leta 2016 sta posredno odgovorila Roman Faganel in Dragomir Ćevriz. Analitični pristop k načrtovanju virov in sprejemanju odločitev v obrambnem sistemu je naslov članka, ki prinaša teoretična izhodišča s količinsko analizo primera. Zanesljivost posameznika pri delovanju kritične infrastrukture sodobne države je članek avtorja Braneta Bertonclja, ki predstavlja okvir modela vpliva posameznikove zanesljivosti na delovanje kritične infrastrukture sodobne države. Ugotavlja, da je zanesljivost posameznika v neobičajnih razmerah najbolj odvisna od stopnje njegove motiviranosti, usposobljenosti in pripadnosti organizaciji. Pričakujemo, da bomo pri bralcih te številke spodbudili zanimanje za razpravo na temo varnostnih sil prihodnosti, ki vključuje številne vsebine, ter hkrati nekatere izmed vas tudi motivirali k temu, da napišete članek z aktualno tematiko na področju varnosti, obrambe in vojaštva za objavo v Sodobnih vojaških izzivih v letu 2018.

The article draws on a broad interpretation of the invective as a non‑standard (non-literary) vocabulary known in linguistics as jargonisms, expletives, vulgarisms; foul, pejorative, negatively coloured, disparaging, slang, obscene, coarse, abusivу, taboo words and other lexical units that contain the meaning of an insult in their semic structure; less often the invective is understood as a codified (literary) vocabulary which acquires the insulting meaning in a context as an expression of the speaker’s communicative intention and pragmatic tactics of consciously offering a public affront to a specific addressee of communication. The aim of the research is the lexico-semantic and communicative-pragmatic characteristics of the invective vocabulary in a modern media discourse and social networks as a specific verbal means of a psychological impact on the consciousness of the recipients. By resorting to the method of free word association test, the authors have studied a conscious and/or subconscious reaction of Ukrainian females and males to pejorative by-words that stir up a feeling of insult. 100 people have been selected as respondents (50 people of each gender). All of them were Ukrainian native speakers including female and male lecturers and students of Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University (Ukraine) and Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi Hryhorii Skovoroda State Pedagogical University (Ukraine); choosing the stimuli, the authors proceeded from the frequency of their use in the texts of modern mass media (out of 300 detected nominations the authors used 100 units). According to the extent of the insult caused by the given words they were rated on a scale of 1 to 4 which made it possible to combine the analyzed stimuli into four groups with the following scores: 1) 2.65–2.93; 2) 1.67–2.31; 3) 1.03–1.54; 4) 0 (zero). 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