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Journal articles on the topic 'Lexicographical discourse'
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1
SANDIN, PÄR. "TWO LEXICOGRAPHICAL NOTES." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 46, no. 1 (December 1, 2003): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2003.tb00739.x.
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Abstract Two unrelated words are examined with the aid of the electronic Thesaurus (TLG). Full corpora of the words and their derivates are given in an Appendix. We find that the evidence for the sense of is less certain than has been commonly believed: the supposed instance in Herod. 2.70 is actually ; other alleged instances are due to editorial mistakes or interpolations. The original sense is likely to have been ‘pure’ (so Hsch. α 4227). originally meant ‘eulogy’, ‘invocation’, being a verbal noun to : so, e.g., Call. Ap. 98, fr. 384.39, A.R. 2.713, Ath. 15.701c, Ph. 1.535. Due to the common use of invocations as refrains to hymns and similar, the noun took on this sense in scholarly discourse, a semantic process explained by Hephaéstion in a passage that has been insufficiently understood (Poëm. 7.1).
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Chen, Wenge. "Towards a Discourse Approach to Critical Lexicography." International Journal of Lexicography 32, no. 3 (February 4, 2019): 362–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecz003.
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Abstract Ideology and power, the vital concerns of critical lexicography, are aspects of a dictionary that a lexicographer and a discerning dictionary user have to encounter in any serious lexicographical enterprise (Kachru 1995); however, critical lexicography as a theme did not receive much attention until Kachru and Kahane (1995). This term later appeared in Hornscheidt (2011) and Moon (2014). However, to date there has not been any systematic theoretical exemplification of what critical lexicography is and how critical lexicographical research is done. Additionally, the scope and function of critical lexicography is relatively limited when we consider the global context, since it fails to take into account theoretical and methodological inspirations from other disciplines such as Critical Discourse Studies and/or Postcolonial Studies, which would make it more theoretically robust and analytically explanatory. With this gap in mind, this paper proposes a discourse approach to Critical Lexicography, termed Critical Lexicographical Discourse Studies (CLDS), as a response to the call for lexicographers’ ‘social accountability’. Specifically, the article puts forward a definition of CLDS and its key concepts, denotes its ontological, epistemological and methodological orientations, delineates its principles, proposes a tentative analytic framework and demonstrates a simplified case study. The article argues that a discourse approach to critical lexicography opens up space to understand different meaning-making practices and contestation in lexicography. In doing so, this article contributes to the development of international (English) lexicography and the language(s) it represents.
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Klester, Anna Mikhailovna, and Marina Sergeevna Shumailova. "LEXICOGRAPHICAL STATICS AND TERMINOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE PROFESSIONAL DISCOURSE." Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, no. 5-2 (May 2018): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2018-5-2.25.
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Ding, Jun. "Sinicization as glocalization in The Chinese English Dictionary." Lexicography 8, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 166–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/lexi.20870.
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This study explores the Chineseness on different levels as displayed in the lexicographic text of The Chinese English Dictionary (unabridged, 1st volume, 2015) (CED) and interprets it as Sinicization informed by the spirit of glocalization. Adopting the discourse approach proposed by Chen (2019) as CLDS (Critical Lexicographical Discourse Studies), it views CED as discourse and aims to examine and reveal how the dominant ideological powers within Chinese society may have borne on the dictionary's distinct Sinicizing efforts. It proposes that CED has effectively challenged the established norms of bilingual lexicography involving English in mainland China in its negotiating Chinese into sharing the status of target language with English and infusing the dictionary text with rich traditional Chinese culture. Meanwhile, CED also demonstrates strong glocalizing tendencies in its consistent 'de-ideologizing' efforts in the treatment of historic-political and cultural terms, as well as its unusual emphasis on acculturation as a translation guideline which serves well to universalize the local and vice versa.
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Żmigrodzki, Piotr. "O potrzebie nowej systematyzacji terminologii (meta)leksykograficznej. Na marginesie prac nad Wielkim słownikiem języka polskiego PAN." Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego LXXVI, no. 76 (December 31, 2020): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6658.
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Zdaniem autora potrzeba nowej systematyzacji terminologii leksykograficznej i metaleksykograficznej wynika ze znacznego rozwoju leksykografii w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat, przede wszystkim „rewolucji cyfrowej”. Niektóre tradycyjnie ustalone terminy, jak np. megastruktura, powinny być teraz zupełnie inaczej interpretowane, pojawiły się nowe. Innym ważnym zadaniem jest translacja terminów angielskich używanych w leksykografii zagranicznej na język polski, a także terminów utworzonych na gruncie polskim (m.in. w trakcie opracowywania Wielkiego słownika języka polskiego PAN) na język angielski. Autor postuluje potrzebę nowego opracowania terminologii leksykograficznej, które powinno mieć formę leksykonu albo podręcznika do leksykografii. Aktualnie dostępne publikacje, szczególnie polskie, nie uwzględniają najnowszego stanu wiedzy. On the need for a new systematization of (meta)lexicographical terminology. In connection with the work on the PAN Great Dictionary of Polish The author of the article argues that there is a need for a new systematization of lexicographical and metalexicographical terminology, which results from a significant development of lexicography and, in particular, from the “digital revolution”. Some traditionally established metalexicographical terms, e.g. megastructure, should now be reinterpreted; new terms have been coined. Another important issue is the translation of the (mostly English) terms used in international metalexicographical discourse into Polish, as well as the translation of the terms coined in Polish metalexicography (during the preparation of the PAN [Polish Academy of Sciences] Great Dictionary of Polish) into English. The author calls for a new systematization of the lexicographical terminology, preferably in the form of a lexicon or a textbook. Currently available publications, especially those published in Polish, do not take in account the latest developments in lexicographic terminology. Keywords: lexicography, metalexicography, terminology, electronic dictionaries
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Pons Rodríguez, Lola. "En torno al marcador de topicalización respecto: variantes y uso en sincronía." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 134, no. 4 (November 7, 2018): 1036–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2018-0069.
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Abstract This paper provides a description of the use in Spanish of the discourse particle respecto as a topicalizer. Although it has undergone complete grammaticalization from Latin in Spanish it appears in many forms. The distribution of the different forms involved is analysed using synchronic data from the CREA corpus and other lexicographical evidence.
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Vicente, Esther Fraile. "The lexicographical treatment of idioms in business dictionaries from the point of view of the translator as user." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 21, no. 40 (August 28, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v21i40.96788.
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Economic language presents a hybrid nature. Unlike other LSPs, this discourse shows a high degree of emotive meaning, abstract processes like metaphor, which bring about the great number of idioms used in business English, and the complexity involved in their translation into Spanish. The analysis of the lexicographical treatment of five business idioms in nineteen dictionaries of economics (monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual) reveals that specialized lexicographical resources should improve their treatment of idioms and other phraseological units if they are to respond to the needs of users like translators. It is suggested that specialized works should include idioms as lemmas, offer more types of syntactic-semantic information and structure it more systematically, for example, by basing their entries on the conceptual structure of economy.
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Schröter, Melani, and Petra Storjohann. "Patterns of discourse semantics." Pragmatics and Society 6, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.6.1.03sch.
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Corpus-assisted analyses of public discourse often focus on the lexical level. This article argues in favour of corpus-assisted analyses of discourse, but also in favour of conceptualising salient lexical items in public discourse in a more determined way. It draws partly on non-Anglophone academic traditions in order to promote a conceptualisation of discourse keywords, thereby highlighting how their meaning is determined by their use in discourse contexts. It also argues in favour of emphasising the cognitive and epistemic dimensions of discourse-determined semantic structures. These points will be exemplified by means of a corpus-assisted, as well as a frame-based analysis of the discourse keyword financial crisis in British newspaper articles from 2009. Collocations of financial crisis are assigned to a generic matrix frame for ‘event’ which contains slots that specify possible statements about events. By looking at which slots are more, respectively less filled with collocates of financial crisis, we will trace semantic presence as well as absence, and thereby highlight the pragmatic dimensions of lexical semantics in public discourse. The article also advocates the suitability of discourse keyword analyses for systematic contrastive analyses of public/political discourse and for lexicographical projects that could serve to extend the insights drawn from corpus-guided approaches to discourse analysis.
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Kramarenko, Olga Leonidovna, and Oksana Yurievna Bogdanova. "Lexicographical Aspect of Military-Political Discourse Lexical Units in a Bilingual Educational Dictionary." Filologičeskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, no. 12 (December 2020): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2020.12.43.
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Lerat, Pierre. "Technique, langue, traduction. Il y a sertissage et sertissage." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 55 (August 29, 2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i55.24297.
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Little theoretical research has been published on LSP. The most useful approach is that of the ‘whole language’ applied to specialised discourse, an approach which only seems to be represented by Benveniste and Harris. How can a French predicative word such as sertissage be applied in a non-lexicographical approach ? It is suggested to compare the uses of this word in French and its conditional equivalents in other languages (de., en., es., it.), thereby bringing out a conflict between the ‘cultural stereotype’ and the ‘technical stereotype’, and also between national culture and international culture.
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Sakalauskienė, Vilija. "Image of the Man Being in Written Sources of Western Aukštaitian Subdialects of Kaunas Region: Analysis of Systemic and Textal Data." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 5 (December 4, 2020): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vllp.2020.11.
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The article analyses the image of man in the written sources of the Western Aukštaitian subdialects of Kaunas region. The object of research is the lexeme man. The methodology of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School and Jerzy Bartmiński was followed in the article; the works of Polish, Russian and Lithuanian ethnolinguists were also drawn on. The work is based on two types of data: systematic (dictionaries of subdialects) and textual (texts in subdialects). The material of the Western Aukštaitian subdialects of Kaunas region reveals the perception of the world by villagers and their worldview of the language. The definitions of lexicographic sources highlight three main aspects of man: physical – adult, no gender distinction; mental – intelligent, pleasant, kind, honest, serious; social – daily life related to work, relationships with other people, various communities.The study is not limited to the definitions of lexemes, but also takes into account all the data in the lexicographic entry of the word: collocations and quotations illustrating the use of the title word.The data of the lexicographic and subdialect corpus allow reconstructing the lexical semantic field of man, reflect the structure of man’s concept in discourse on subdialects, and present those features of the meaning that the representatives of the subdialect have in mind when using the word man in a specific context.According to the data in Lithuanian subdialect texts and lexicographical, man is a being capable of thinking and speaking, physically fit and healthy, honest, an obedient subordinate, working, communicating, dependent on others, his own nation or religion.
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Belyutin, Roman. "Metaphorization of Emotions in German Football Fans’ Discourse." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 3(59) (December 30, 2022): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-130-138.
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The article considers peculiarities of verbalization of emotions in German football fans’ discourse. Social, psychological, biological relevance of emotions in a person’s world view provides vivid interest of specialists, including linguists, in studying language means to objectify emotional concepts. Despite the fact that
the range of the studied aspects is urgent and is thoroughly examined, certain communicative domains organized by sports fans remain insufficiently explored, although according to some scientists, it is their subculture that is characterized by distinctive emotional background, «emotionally tense» attitude to events, phenomena, facts, people being under their magnifying glass.
The article provides cases of verbalization of emotions through metaphoric descriptions. The most active source domains are determined that represent emotional concepts (war, colour, nature, equipment, space, etc.), their direc-
tion vectors are identified, as well s objects and situations inducing emotions in a fans’ community. It can be considered productive for the futher study to analyze
linguistic (metaphoric) conceptualization of emotions in football fans’ discourse in different ethnic and language cultures to elicit national character in building metaphoric patterns of people’s emotional sphere. The article makes use of discourse, component and conceptual analysis, building metaphoric patterns, clas-
sification, lexicographical and comparative methods.
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Cui, Lili. "Functional-semantic characteristics of the discursive formula da net in Russian speech." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 18, no. 4 (2021): 863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2021.414.
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The article attempts to analyze the functioning of the colloquial discursive formula da net in everyday Russian speech, which is implemented as an independent indivisible sentence. The discursive formula da net is an integral and frequent element of speech. The analysis was based on transcripts of the corpus of Russian everyday speech “One Speaker’s Day”, which is one of the most representative linguistic resources for the analysis of Russian oral discourse today. The specific material for the analysis was the user subcorpus, which includes 126 corresponding units in contexts. An appeal to lexicographic practice has shown that descriptions of da net as a whole exist only in dictionary entries for the word net, but not for da. In this case, dictionaries describe net in combination with the particle da (as well as the particles tak and zhe) exclusively as an amplifying particle, which is used to amplify the opposition in complex sentences that have a concessive character or the meaning of opposition. The analysis revealed that da net in our speech realizes its meaning exclusively in context and in contrast to dictionary data, more often expresses a softening rather than an intensification of negation. The data obtained makes it possible to create the “lexicographic portrait” of this unit and can be useful in various aspects, both theoretical (description of the use of the studied units in oral everyday communication) and practical (teaching Russian language to a foreign audience, translation practice, lexicographical practice).
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Dyba, Anna. "Concept "PARTNER" in the russian media discourse." Dialog: media studios, no. 26 (May 11, 2021): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2308-3255.2020.26.225307.
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The article describes the features of the three-level actualization of concept PARTNER in Russian-Ukrainian relations on a material of Russian media texts. On a system-language level the idea of partnership is considered, on the basis of data of lexicographical sources. With this information it became possible to determine whether the value is equivalent to the borrowed word "partner" to its source. Research associative-verbal level of actualization of the concept PARTNER enabled us using associative dictionaries to determine to what extent the implemented components of its meaning in the Russian language consciousness. Finally, at the text level concept updating specific cases we investigated its use in speech. The material for this are the data of the National Corps of the Russian language. In addition, the article highlighted various kinds of partnerships, characteristic for the Russian mediadiscourse.Analysis of the three levels of actualization of the concept PARTNER allows us to draw the following conclusions: first, the appeal to the concept of partnership in the texts of the Russian media is characteristic of the official business style of political issues, it means institutional discourse. In everyday discourse, this nomination is "replaced" by other lexemes — friends, neighbours, colleagues, and others. Secondly, in the Russian mass media discourse, Russian-Ukrainian relations are presented as: 1) strategic partnership; 2) trade and economic partnership; 3) opposition of partnership of strong/weak, reliable/unreliable, equal/unequal. Finally, the components of the meaning of the lexeme "partner" in the Russian language and linguistic consciousness are not fully realized and are not equivalent to the original source.
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Dolatabadi, Hadi. "Altérité lexicale dans les parlers francophones : figure de l’étranger." French Cultural Studies 33, no. 2 (March 24, 2022): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09571558211049731.
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Relationships with others raise issues of identity and characterize individuals in their behavior with others. These identity issues, which are specific to each society, are sources of the discourse of otherness. In the French-speaking space which, by its essence and in the light of historical facts, reflects otherness, this discourse is reflected in the terms and lexies of topolectal varieties of French. Based on an onomasiological approach, going from definition to words to discover how otherness is presented, this research aims to identify and present the lexical aspect of the discourse of others in a lexicographical corpus from all over the French-speaking world. In other words, this article studies the topolectal speaking of French to find terms used to evoke otherness. Terms such as “French”, “European”, “foreign”, “white” were the object of a first observation given that they constitute the reverses of a discourse of domination in the dichotomy colonizer-colonized against with “aboriginal” “negro” and “black”. Through illustrated examples, we demonstrate that different aspects such as physical, geographic, and identity traits are vehicles of this discourse which, axiologically, mainly present the pejorative values attributed to the other. Also, it would seem that colonial memory helps to nourish this vision of the other who stands out from the speakers, whose speech is studied, by his foreign origin.
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Molina-Plaza, Silvia. "Maritime figurative and literal multiword terms in the ESP classroom: A blueprint." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 9 (April 6, 2017): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i9.1097.
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The aim of this paper is two-fold: a) look into the socio-cultural background of the most common twenty five sub-technical multiword naval units in a pilot corpus of 250,000 words, some of them metaphorical & metonymic expressions (Kovecses, 2002; Wray 2002); b) study ten of these metaphorical units in their contexts of production (EU maritime discourse, textbooks and http://www.sailingscuttlebutt.com/news/04/ras/. Multiword units have been chosen with WORDSMITH TOOLS, regarding frequency of use a key factor. The conclusions point out that these multiword units are highly productive in oral and written maritime discourse and worthy of investigation. They reveal that both denotative (in terminological collocations) and evaluative meanings may be embedded in lexical-semantic structures. The lexicographical description of these collocations in learner’s dictionaries available in Maritime English ends with the recognition that development of collocations seems necessary if we are to witness some further progress for ESL learners in productive mode.Â
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Belyutin, Roman. "Onomastic Concepts in German Football Fans’ Discourse (Based on the Communicative Domain «Fangesäenge»)." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 3 (55) (January 26, 2022): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2021-55-3-118-127.
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The article analyses onomastic potential of lyrics in German football fans’ songs. It gives a brief review of fundamental works on this issue in Russian and foreign (mostly German) linguistics, determines some constituent features of football
fans’ discourse. It presents the classification of onyms, singles out respective classes of notions (ergonyms, anthroponyms, and toponyms) and their subclasses. The article describes specifics of onomastic space within the studied discourse: on the one hand, the article emphasizes quite a restricted amount of classes
of proper nouns, on the other hand, it stresses the necessity to renew the contents in virtue of a number of factors – beginning with the change in the name of the home stadium up to new names among the authorities of the club, new transfers and so on.
The paper applies complex methodologies including discourse, componential, conceptual analysis, classification, observation, description, lexicographical, contextual methods. As a perspective for the research, the author proposes considering this issue in the light of intercultural communication to identify universal and
specific projections used by the representatives of this social group to construct the onomastic space.
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Yushkova, Ludmila А. "New Verbal Lexemes of the Word-Formative Family with a Base “Corona” in the German Vocabulary of the Pandemic Period: Structural and Semantic Analysis." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2021-4-238-248.
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The article considers the structural and semantic peculiarities of German colloquial verbs, which belong to the word formation family with the base “Corona”. The article analyzes the lexemes formed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from October 2019 to May 2021. In the course of the study new verbs not listed in the lexicographical sources have been found. The majority of these verbal lexemes are occasional: they are identified by small frequencies and only function within the framework of certain types of text in the Internet discourse (blogs, Twitter, social networks). The author specifies the meaning of some verbs entered in the lexicographical base of the Leibniz-Institute for German Language (OWID.de). The author describes both the formal and the lexical-semantic structures of verbal lexemes, considers their word-forming and lexical-semantic relations that combine the motivating noun “corona” and derived words. The study characterizes the models of building the colloquial verbal lexemes, which are currently productive and highly active in the context of the German “coronavirus discourse”. The study proves that the German vocabulary expanded at the time of Covid-19 pandemic through the suffixal word-forming models and the formation of verbs with prepositional and adverbial particles. The study shows that the models of the formation of verbal units with prepositional and adverbial components are particularly active, while the prefixal models are not active in the formation of verbs with the component “Corona”. The author analyzes examples of the use of the lexemes in context, which are presented in the text corpus of the Google search system, determines the frequency of the verbal units. The article clearly shows the differences in the meaning and functioning of verbal lexemes. The article notes some peculiarities of their lexical compatibility.
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Hrynkiewicz-Adamskich, Bożena. "Драгоценности Рюриковичей по памятникам письменности (элементы одежды)." Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, no. 43 (November 26, 2018): 77–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2018.43.6.
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The aim of the article is to present the names of the valuables in testaments of the Russian great and appanage princes of the 14th-16th century. Special attention has been paid to clothing terminology (names of textiles, colours and dyes, individual garments, clothing details). Lexicographical and etymological data, as well as a semantic classification of dress and clothing detail names are provided. According to Jean Baudrillard, far from the primary status of an object being a pragmatic one, it is the sign exchange value which is fundamental. Thereupon, the attempt to present the social meaning and the unconscious discourse of the valuables mentioned in the testaments of the Rurik dynasty members is also made in this article.
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Ponce de León, Rogelio, and Isabel Margarida Duarte. "Os operadores discursivos ahora bien / ahora, (que) e as suas correspondências em traduções literárias para português." Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto, esp (2021): 535–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/16466195/lingespa23.
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Following previous work by the authors (Ponce de León & Duarte 2013; Duarte & Ponce de León 2015; Duarte & Ponce de León 2017; Duarte & Ponce de León 2018; Ponce de León & Duarte 2020), the paper aims to analyse the discourse values of the Spanish forms ahora (que) / ahora bien - studied in detail by specialists (Martín Zorraquino & Portolés 1999; Santos Río 2003; Fuentes 2009; Loureda & Acín 2010) - and their correspondences with Portuguese discourse markers, by analysing Portuguese translations of Spanish literary texts. The paper is divided in three parts: a) In the first part, following our previous work (Ponce de León & Duarte 2020) and other studies - some of them cited above - that analyse discourse markers, the different discourse values assumed by these forms are briefly presented and analysed, from a synchronic and diachronic perspective, based on grammatical and lexicographical resources, as well as on Spanish corpora. b) In the second part, the correspondences of the analysed values of ahora (que) / ahorabien with Portuguese expressions, ora and agora are determined. Studies on these Portuguese markers (Duarte 1989; Gonçalves 2004; Marques & Rei 2020) are used to establish these correspondences. c) In the third part, the correspondences of ahora (que) / ahora bien in a corpus of translations into Portuguese of Spanish-language literary texts are studied, trying to clarify the acceptability of different translation solutions for each value of the forms ahora (que) / ahora bien.
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Szulc-Brzozowska, Magdalena. "EUROJOS: Eine Darstellung des Potentials von kognitiver Definition anhand der Konzepte ARBEIT und DEMOKRATIE." tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs, no. 13 (2020) (December 30, 2020): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/tid.13.2020.07.
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The purpose of the paper is to present theoretical and methodological aspects of the research project EUROJOS, which is anchored and developed in Lublin ethnolinguistics. It aims to create the cognitive definition of the selected concepts, regarded as values in the European culture. The cognitive definition is based on 3 types of data: lexicographical sources, surveys and text corpora, with the latest playing a crucial role at profiling the concepts. The methodological criteria are indicated as validated by the description of chosen results from other research papers regarding the concept WORK in some languages and the concept DEMOCRACY in Polish and German. Whereas the study of the concept WORK objects to demonstrate the all-embracing definition of the concept, its universal meaning aspects, the example of DEMOCRACY shows the relevancy of profiling, thus also of the role of public discourse and the media.
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Russell, Janet. "Purple-Nozzled Yogurt Slingers and Cracks of Heaven: Genital Humour on UrbanDictionary.com." Estudios de Lingüística del Español 43 (June 1, 2021): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/elies.2021.43.8429.
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The internet offers possibilities to form communities and share a sense of humour that might not be acceptable in other spheres of public discourse. The internet also provides possibilities to develop and subvert text genres, such as dictionaries. There are serious slang dictionaries, but UrbanDictionary.com lies where humour and subversion meet. This article explores how the genre conventions of dictionaries are used and expanded to create a subversion of lexicographical standards and how these instances of subversion may result in humorous content. Also, the semantic properties of the entries, namely those based on metaphors, will be analysed with respect to how far these play a role in creating the specific genital humour UrbanDictionary.com is known for. For this, theories of metaphoric humour will be expanded to see how unexpected mapping processes result in incongruity and configurational humour.
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Pecman, Mojca. "Variation as a cognitive device." Terminology 20, no. 1 (April 25, 2014): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.20.1.01pec.
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In Languages for Specific Purposes (LSPs), variation and term formation are often seen as related phenomena, variation being interpreted as a sign of neology. In scientific discourse though, variation can play specific roles, thereby giving a different dimension to neology as a linguistic process than generally implied in terminological studies. The well-known referential function, consisting of creating new designations for naming new concepts, can be set aside in scientific texts to create space for what we define as the cognitive function: a situation where a scientist purposefully employs term variation as a means for theorising and better explaining a given concept. We argue that Halliday’s “grammatical metaphor” and “given-new” information theory provide an interesting background for understanding scientific term formation processes, and the ensuing issue of terminological variation. Consequently, in this article, we try to place the phenomenon of neology and of terminological variation within the framework of discourse analysis, by devising a method for probing sequential behaviour of terminological variants across text sections. Additionally, this study aims to improve building lexical resources within the ARTES terminological and phraseological multilingual database project, which serves as a support for developing lexicographical and translational skills in students in specialised translation.
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Rodríguez Barcia, Susana. "De la etnolexicografía a la lexicografía crítica." Revista de Investigación Lingüística 21 (March 12, 2019): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/ril.21.367661.
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En este trabajo se presenta y establecen los límites de la lexicografía crítica como reciente disciplina dentro del ámbito de los estudios metalexicográficos. En concreto, se enmarca en el contexto general de la etnolexicografía (Fillmore 1994; Pérez 1997, 2000, 2005; Calero Vaquera 2010) con el fin de determinar su espacio propio dentro de las investigaciones lingüísticas y de destacar su relevancia en los estudios del discurso realizados con perspectiva crítica. Asimismo, también se recogen sus principios teóricos, líneas fundamentales de trabajo y claves analíticas. In this paper the limits of critical lexicography are presented and defined as a recent discipline that is part of the field of meta-lexicographical studies. This paper falls squarely in the general framework of ethno- lexicography (Fillmore 1994; Pérez 1997, 2000, 2005; Calero Vaquera 2010) and seeks to stake out its own space within linguistic research and highlight its importance within the field of critical discourse studies. It also addresses the discipline’s principles, basic areas of inquiry and analytical codes.
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Ferrero, Carmen López. "Grammatical patterns in Spanish: verbs of existence and appearance." Corpora 6, no. 2 (November 2011): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2011.0012.
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In this paper, 2 2 The research presented in this paper was carried out in the framework of the competitive national project ‘Las categorías de verbo y adverbio en el DAELE’ (reference HUM2006–06982), awarded by the Spanish Dirección General de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación Científica, and directed by Dr Paz Battaner Arias at the Pompeu Fabra University. I describe the grammatical patterns of a set of Spanish verbs that are frequently used in specialised discourse to provide structure, organise information in the text and function as connectors. The verbs selected for the study are the following unaccusative verbs of existence and appearance: ocurrir (‘occur’), suceder (‘happen/take place’), existir (‘exist’), aparecer (‘appear’) and resultar (‘turn out’). The grammatical and lexico-graphical description of these verbs is compared with the results provided by consulting the Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual (CREA) database of the Real Academia Española in three thematic fields: Science and Technology, Economics and Finance, and Law. The results of the research highlight three specific patterns of use for the unaccusative verbs of existence and appearance studied in specialised texts, placing particular emphasis on the constructions that contribute to the texture of discourse. I propose that these patterns should be incorporated into dictionaries of use (‘codifiers’) as lexicographical data that may enrich the information given about these words, whose meanings are clearly diffuse.
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Szczyszek, Michał. "O pojęciach historia i społeczeństwo w polskim dyskursie parlamentarnym (na podstawie korpusu stenogramów parlamentarnych z lat 1918–2018)." Białostockie Archiwum Językowe, no. 21 (2021): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/baj.2021.21.09.
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The work conducted for over ten months at IPI PAN has resulted in the creation of a working (and still further developed) corpus of the 20th-century Polish parliamentarisms. The corpus was created using parliamentary transcripts from the years 1918–2018 and as for now it contains nearly 200 million segments. On this basis, a preliminary analytical work on the language of the Polish parliamentarism of the twentieth century is being conducted. One of the first issues is the preliminary lexicographical and lexicological analysis of the assembled corpus. In order to show the extent of the corpus and its chronological complexity, a lexical and semantic analysis will be subjected to, for example, such lexemes as historia (history) and społeczeństwo (society). The analysis of the usage of these items in the Polish parliamentary discourse has shown that they are high frequency words, and that their meanings are subject to “specific pressures of parliamentarism” and slightly differ (depending on a particular period in history) from the meanings traditionally assigned to them in Polish lexicography.
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Milo, Аndrianna. "The concept of a REFUGEE: transformations in modern Ukrainian culture." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 38 (2019): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2019.38.167-189.
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The article deals with the study of diachronous and synchronous modifications of the semantic composition of the lexeme REFUGEE in Ukrainian linguistic culture. Based on the results of component analysis, thematic groups have been established and psycholinguistic factors affecting the formation of the concept REFUGEE in modern media content have been analyzed. Data comparison of the results of the component analysis, receptive and association experiments concerning positioning of the concept REFUGEE testifies that the number of semantic components of the lexeme «refugee» generally corresponds to the number of meanings found in lexicographical sources. At the same time, the content analysis has allowed to establish a significant extension of the meanings which specify: the causes of refugees, including social reasons and externals; emotional colouring of the concept; subject-object nominalization in which such components as `affiliation with the Eastern regions of Ukraine`, `directions of relocation` (characteristics of initial point and final destination), `military conflict in Ukraine as a reason of refugees`. New thematic groups testify to the extension of the meanings of the concept REFUGEE. Media content analysis showed that in Ukrainian ethnic culture the lexeme-verbalizer «refugee» acquires new specific meanings and transforms into linguistic culture. The technologized discourse of new media made it possible to define information concerns and systems of values of internet communicants. The results of the content analysis of high profile incidents which was conducted with the «Attack Index» service allowed to define their positive/negative colouring, frequent key words and key positions of the «war of discourses» going on around the issue of refugees.
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Makarova, Alexandra S. "REALIZATION OF TRANSFORMATION AND CREATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE KRYLATIKA IN MEDIA DISCOURSE." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2019-10-2-273-287.
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The modern process of the mediatisation of all spheres of public life affects both the volume of speech creation and the media texts themselves. The mass character and the multi-language openness of media discourse allow us to consider winged units as a means for representing and imple- menting phraseological innovations. The role of mass media in the formation of new sustainable turns is being actively studied, which speaks of their significance in this process, since it is the media discourse that demonstrates most clearly the current usage and viability of phraseological innovations in language and speech. The media discourse has a large number of ways of influencing the mass addressee, and, as recent studies of Russian media texts show, the fund of winged units as an integral part of the phraseological corpus of the national language is widely used in it. Various phrase resources (idioms, winged expressions, paremias, aphorisms, etc.) are often used both in a strong text position - the title or ending of the publication, and in the creation of media texts connecting the verbal and visual parts in which their transformational and creative potential is most clearly realized, multiplying their linguo-pragmatic effect on the addressee. The analysis of the media content of the site “Orthodox Laughs” revealed the tendency of creative use of folklorism “Баю-баюшки-баю, не ложися на краю. Придет серенький волчок - И укусит за бочок!”, which has not yet been fixed by lexicographical practice, as well as its variants that are the result of various methods of transformation language units. Structural and semantic transformations of various categories of phraseological units are an effective means of implementing specific expression in the media text. Previously, fiction was considered the main source of winged units, today the situation is changing, and the leadership belongs to synthetic art forms (cinema, television, pop, etc.). The analyzed potential winged unit has not one source of appearance: along with Russian and German folklore, this is German literature, but the expression in the Soviet animated film “The Bremen Town Musicians” was actualized. In analyzing the publications of this site, interdisciplinary methods of studying media content were used: discursive, descriptive-analytical, linguocultural, and media linguistic. The conducted research has shown that the functioning of the considered potential winged unit and its transforms confirms the thesis that these language units are in demand and widely used in modern media texts, since they have productive mechanisms of meaning formation.
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Holyk, Snizhana. "OLD AGE AND THE AGEING INDIVIDUAL: SOCIAL AND LINGUISTIC ASPECTS." Odessa Linguistic Journal, no. 12 (2018): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/2312-3192/12/2.
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The article addresses the issues of representation of old age and the ageing individual in the discourse of sociology. The topicality of such works is quite obvious, since with the increase in life expectancy, many academic studies have focused on old age and its new meanings in societies from different perspectives. This predetermines the need for the interdisciplinary analysis of old age and the ageing self. Also, this study closely examines vocabulary units that are used to designate an older person in English. The material for the analysis has been selected from present-day lexicographical sources. We conducted a qualitative study using the analysis of dictionary definitions and defined attitudes and perceptions of ageing and older adults as encoded in language units. The research highlights that as a socio-cultural product, language is influenced by two views on ageing: successful ageing, ignoring the physical dimensions, and that of decline, creating negative stereotypes of ageing, associated with weakening, diseases and dependence of the person. The paper addresses the above questions from the perspective of linguistic ageism, manifested in vocabulary units describing older people as silly, incompetent, eccentric, with outmoded fixed ideas, attitudes or tastes. Viewed in a positive light, ageing individuals are represented in language as experienced people, with wisdom and respect, when old age means transformation and continued self-fulfilment, rather than decline. The findings of the analysis provide implications or further studies of old age in different discourses that will contribute to a deeper understanding of the notion old age in its social and cultural contexts, as well as the concept OLD AGE in general.
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Koreneva, Yulia V. "Semantic volume of the word Conviction in the Words and Homilies of the Russian saints of the 20th century." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 10, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2019-10-3-665-672.
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For the first time the article analyzes the semantics of the word conviction in the words and teachings of Russian saints of the twentieth century. The material is extracted from symphonies in the works of saints and from collections of sayings of Russian elders of the twentieth century. The article analyzes the semantics of the use of this word in religious texts as the implementation of religious discourse in comparison with the codified meaning of modern dictionaries. It is shown that the lexeme conviction is included in the etymological-word formative nest of semantics of different words in the modern Russian language ( court, judge, condemn, reason, judgment, fate, judicial , etc.) of the Indo-European root *dhe- (: *-dh-o: *dh-i-) with the semantics of establishment, action, and in addition with the prefix su- , which means combining or mixing, has negative appraisal and is Church Slavism in the Russian language not only by phonetic and orthographic signs, but primarily by semantic signs. The semantic difference in the religious and non-religious use of this word in the Russian and Church Slavonic language element is in the significative side, since in the Orthodox concept-sphere and the Russian religious discourse, conviction is associated with a number of conceptual ideas about the inner life of a person. Conviction is semantized as a destructive state of a person, violating the integrity of his personality and alienating him from God (the article identifies at least three semantic-cognitive features). Such semantic content clearly differs from lexicographical data in modern language, therefore the meaning of a word in Church Slavonic text space is understood as basic, and modern usage is understood as a narrowing of the original semantics.
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Khan, Mamona Yasmin, and Masroor Sibtain. "Studying Dictionary Use Among the Law Graduates in Pakistan: A Lexicographic Inquiry." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 2 (March 7, 2019): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p429.
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Specialized Lexicography as it stands today owes much to the user’s centred approach while dictionary making. The present study empirically investigates the use of law dictionaries by the law graduates in Pakistan. The study has taken account of dictionary usage among the Pakistani law graduates within the framework of Function Theory of Lexicography. The study being descriptive qualitative research is placed within pragmatic paradigm. A sample of six hundred law students, who were non-native learners of English and learning this language in ESP context, was drawn and responses were recorded through data tools i.e., questionnaire, semi-structured protocols and observation as favoured in other studies of the similar nature mostly outside Pakistan. Data were analysed through SPSS and presented in tables and graphs. The analysis of qualitative data, however, is based on thematic approach. The study revealed that that existing law dictionaries do not cater to the decoding as well as encoding language needs of the learners although they were found more in need to consult lexicographical resources in law studies because of the complex nature of legal discourse. The study also revealed that the law graduates sadly lacked in awareness regarding both the right choice of law dictionaries best suited to address their potential needs and skills to exploit the dictionary (ies) in order to retrieve the required information successfully. They preferred to use monolingual, bilingual law dictionaries, general purpose dictionaries (hard copy and digital) along with the online resources as a good combination to solve their language problems. Moreover, their reference skills were found weak which may be improved through explicit instructions on dictionary use. The study is part of a doctoral research.
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Mosesova, Milana, and Tatyana Shiryaeva. "Verbalization of Performative Units in English Texts of International Conventions: Morphological Aspect." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 5 (January 2021): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.5.10.
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The article presents the results of a study devoted to the analysis of the morphological features of the texts of international conventions operating within the English legal discourse. Close attention is paid to the characteristics of the main language means by which the aspect of performativity is actualized in legal context. The texts of international conventions relating to various special areas of the life of society comprise the material of the study. The analysis of empirical material has enabled the authors to identify the most frequent models of performative units in the texts of international conventions: 1) constructions with modal verbs; 2) constructions with infinitives; 3) adjectives / adverbs; 4) pronouns / prepositions (with semantics of default). The designated performative models are functionally aimed at the actualization of prohibition and prescription of certain actions. In addition, the authors describe the parts of speech classification of key linguistic units verbalizing the meaning of performativity in the analyzed legal documents. The database of performative units developed in the course of the study is of great importance. It contains 250 items, its fragment is presented in the article. The study can become the basis for further analysis of performative units in the context of their structural-semantic, lexical, grammatical features, as well as in lexicographical practice in compiling a bilingual legal dictionary, which includes, along with the actual legal terms, the professional vocabulary commonly used by communicants in legal sphere.
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Norman, Boris Iu. "On the pragmatic aspects of the use of relative adjectives (based on newspaper texts)." Media Linguistics 8, no. 4 (2021): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2021.405.
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The article is devoted to studying the pragmatics of using relative adjectives in media discourse. Relative adjectives pose a serious problem for Russian lexicography. Their lexical meaning depends on the generating stem of the noun (cf. лесной from лес, кирпичный — from кирпич, пламенный — from пламя), but it does not always coincide. The article examines two questions, illustrated with examples from newspapers and magazines in Russian. The first question is related to the behavior of relative adjectives in the syntactic structure of an utterance. These words are actively involved in various transformations (reorganizations) of the phrase in inner speech. Examples are expressions such as проходной балл (passing score), онегинская строфа (Onegin stanza), чеховское ружье (Chekhov’s gun), вертолетные деньги (helicopter money), etc. The mobility, dynamism of this grammatical class of words represents a significant benefit (bonus) for the journalist. It is shown that the mechanisms of metaphor and metonymy are involved in the processes of syntactic transformation. The second question is the acquisition by relative adjectives of additional pragmatic shades of meaning due to the ideological attitudes (principles) of the speaker. These definitions acquire evaluative (axiological) semantics, which can be used, among other things, for the purpose of manipulating the reader. With the help of these adjectives, a positive or negative image of a concept is formed. Many such expressions originated in the Soviet era (пламенный борец, порочная практика, гнилая буржуазия), but their range continues to expand today (вегетарианский период, санкционные меры, материнский капитал, силовые министерства). The combination of relative adjectives, as well as their pragmatic connotations, require reflection in lexicographical publications.
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Martínez Egido, José Joaquín. "El humor en los inicios del discurso lexicográfico en español." Onomázein Revista de lingüística filología y traducción, no. 41 (September 2018): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.41.03.
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Al-hawawsha, Sayel Hazza, Saad Abdullah Meqdad, and Mohammed Omar Aburahme. "The Semantic Arrangement of Antonyms in Clear and Ambiguous Vocabulary in the Qur'an." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 24, no. 1 (February 2022): 140–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2022.0497.
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This study seeks to investigate the phenomenon of antonyms that are used to convey clear and hidden meanings in the Qur’an, with the aim of discovering more about the juxtapositional use of two words with opposing meaning, and the reasons for the use of one specific word over another – specifically the phenomenon of lexical items that carry a clear, unambiguous meaning presented in juxtaposition with those that indicate a hidden meaning, and vice versa. The paper begins by clarifying the notion of thanāʾiyyāt ḍiddiyya (antonyms) and explaining their significance for accessing textual meaning, and their power to create a clear image in the mind of the reader, and to create a sense of wonder and amazement that leads to conviction. Following this, the paper will then present a number of ‘clear’ and ‘hidden’ antonyms in the Qur’an and examine the overall structure of the verse in which they occur in order to attain an understanding of their intended meaning and, from this, the structural function of antonyms in the Qur’an. This study does not restrict itself to a descriptive-analytical methodology that is founded in extracting meaning from where it is expected and thereby arriving at the same interpretations as exegetes, or in linking lexicographical meanings and interpretations to the Qur’anic context in accordance with historical understanding. Instead, a variety of approaches are applied subject to context, so they can be assessed and then validated or rejected. The study reveals that the structural function of antonyms in both clear and obscure vocabulary can be incorporated into the holistic meaning in order to arrive at textual coherence in accordance with the rules of waḥdat al-khiṭāb (‘discourse unity’) and murāʿat al-maqām (‘observation of context’).
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Gałuskina, Ksenia, and Joanna Sycz. "LATIN MAXIMS AND PHRASES IN THE POLISH, ENGLISH AND FRENCH LEGAL SYSTEMS – THE COMPARATIVE STUDY." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 34, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0020.
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Abstract The aim of this research paper is to examine Latin in the context of legal translation between the Polish, English and French languages. Latin ap- pears in contemporary legal discourse in the form of maxims, short phrases and terms. Even though it constitutes an integral element of legal drafting, Latin often attracts little attention from legal translators. It is falsely assumed that Latin elements of the text do not require translation due to several miscon- ceptions related to the Latin language. Firstly, Latin is generally perceived as a global language with no local variations in form. Secondly, Latin is believed to be the universal point of reference in international communication (which is true only in the case of the natural sciences). Thirdly, Latin legal phrases or maxims are thought to originate solely from Roman law, thus they express only Roman legal thought. In the first part of the paper we will address the above issues. To this end, we will briefly discuss the historical presence of Latin in the European lin- guistic context. We will then present the results of our research into the use of Latinisms in the Polish, French and English legal systems. The subject of our research was a set of twenty Latin maxims and phrases that frequently appear in the decisions of the Polish courts. During the first stage of the analysis, the items in question were verified in Legalis (the on-line service devoted to Polish law). The second stage of the research involved the consultation of monolingual dictionaries of French and English legal language to verify the universal charac- ter of the analyzed Latinisms. During the third stage of the analysis, we looked at the practical use of Latinisms in online databases of legal texts (Dalloz.fr, Westlaw International). The paper concludes with some comments on Latinisms in lexicographical publications and online sources.
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Sensales, Gilda, and Alessandra Areni. "Gender biases and linguistic sexism in political communication: A comparison of press news about men and women Italian ministers." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 5, no. 2 (December 7, 2017): 512–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v5i2.721.
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This research on press communication uses a synchronic perspective concerning eighteen ministers, balanced by gender, in the Renzi government (in 2014), as well as a diachronic perspective concerning women ministers from five governments (from 2006-2014). The governments in 2014 and of 2013 were predominantly center-left, with the participation of center and center-right parties, whereas the previous governments had technical-professional rather than political ministers (in 2011), center-right (in 2008), and center-left (in 2006) ministers. In the synchronic analysis we explored the different ways in which the ministers are named, the relative presence of sexist/non-sexist, agentive/non-agentive, and abstract/concrete language in which they were presented. The first analysis comprised 332 headlines and the second comprised 1,356 headlines; we conducted a numerical and lexicographical analysis on the headlines. The results showed: more coverage for men than for women; gender biases in naming ministers involving a greater number of citations of women with both first and last name, whereas there were a greater number of citations of men with their first name only; the prevalence of sexist language that uses the generic masculine rather than the specific feminine (that is, the grammatical feminization of a typically masculine form) in representing women; an increment of the specific feminine in representing women in the last three governments over the previous two; no gender differences in the use of “I” and “We” as markers of agency; more quotations of direct discourse for women than for men; language slightly more abstract than concrete, for both men and women; more positive adjectives for women, and more negative adjectives for men. The results are discussed in relation to the international literature and to the Italian cultural-political context.
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Nikitina, Tatyana G., and Elena I. Rogaleva. "Innovative lexicographic discourse: educational representation of phraseology." Russian Language Studies 20, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 247–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2022-20-2-247-262.
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The article presents an innovative authors’ approach to representing Russian phraseology in a dictionary for schoolchildren. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to improve educational lexicographic technologies in connection with the increasing role of the dictionary as a means of teaching languages and a motivation for language learning. The purpose of the study is to reveal the linguodidactic potential of innovative educational lexicographic discourse in the detective genre. The topic is revealed on the material of the author’s phraseological dictionaries developed in this genre by experimental laboratory of educational lexicography at Pskov University, which have no analogues in the domestic phraseographic practice. The dictionary materials are based on the method of parametric lexicographic modeling. Special attention is paid to developing the etymological parameter by the method of parametric etymological paraphrasing. The method is based on the chosen model of etymologization depending in the method of phraseme formation. The linguodidactic potential of innovative lexicographic discourse is revealed by the descriptive method (techniques of systematization and interpretation). Fragments of dictionary entries illustrating the main provisions of the concept are given. The revealed possibilities and mechanisms of combining the parametres of educational and artistic discourse in the entries of phraseological dictionary for the junior school student are shown. The new models of etymologization, linguoculturological commenting and representating functional and pragmatic features of Russian phraseological units within the educational lexicographic discourse of the detective genre are presented. It is proved that the innovative lexicographic discourse organized in this way allows to effectively solve the problem of multidimensional educational representation of phraseology, and also supports the process of teaching schoolchildren genres of speech. The authors outline the possibilities of using the presented lexicographic technology of designing interactive educational dictionaries on paremiological and lexical material.
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Chen, Wenge. "Lexicography, discourse and power." Pragmatics and Society 8, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 601–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.8.4.06che.
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Abstract This paper conceptualizes dictionary bilingualization as a recontextualizing practice and explores how ideology and power play out in the recontextualization of lexicographic discourse across languages and cultures to result in the transformation of meaning. It first proposes viewing the (bilingualized) dictionary as discourse and emphasizes bilingual lexicography as a site of an asymmetrical linguistic and cultural power dynamics. The paper then argues that a synergy of critical discourse analysis and postcolonial studies can reveal the inter-cultural ideological struggle implicit in the bilingualizing lexicographic practice. The body of the study is devoted to the analysis of those shifts taking place in the entries, definition, illustrative examples and pragmatic labels in a bilingualized English-Chinese dictionary, which, when viewed cumulatively, significantly reshape the ideological positioning of the dictionary. The paper discusses the implications for critical lexicographic studies and for research into the interplay between power and resistance between dominating and dominated cultures. It concludes that Periphery English dictionary compilers are able to negotiate the different subjectivities and ideologies inherent in dictionary making and to adopt a subject position favorable to their empowerment in the international English lexicography, although such resistance is far from capable of restructuring the order of lexicography.
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Kruglov, Vladislav, Tatiana Uryvskaya, and Dmitrii Rusak. "Cross-lexicographic analysis of the concepts of sociopolitical discourse of the Chinese language." Litera, no. 10 (October 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.10.36254.
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The object of this research is the concepts of sociopolitical discourse of the Chinese language, selected by the continuous sampling method. The subject of this research is the cross-lexicographic coefficient, which is derived mathematically within the framework of the cross-lexicographic analysis of these concepts. The goal is set to determine the diachronic changes in the meanings of lexemes of sociopolitical discourse via cross-lexicographic analysis based on dictionary materials compiled by the prominent Russian and foreign sinologists over the period from 1888 to 2002. Attention is drawn to such theoretical concepts as semantics, pragmatics and discourse. Description is given to the key characteristics of sociopolitical discourse, as well as the methodology of formation of the corresponding conceptual apparatus. The research leans on the method of continuous sampling from lexicographic sources. The scientific novelty lies in the development of innovative methods of statistical analysis of the conceptual apparatus of sociopolitical discourse of the modern Chinese language. Among the acquired results, the author notes the transformation of meanings of the selected lexemes through the analysis of metalanguage of the dictionaries. The uniqueness of this article consists in the analysis of the vast range of the previously unpublished archival lexicographic sources of the Chinese language. The author also reveals the dynamics of changes in the selected lexical means by means of the derived cross-lexicographic coefficient, as well as determines the key vectors of their discursive transformations and evolution of linguopragmatic functions.
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Кабахидзе, Е. Л. "Discourse marker well in natural and political discourses: ambivalence and bifunctionality." Иностранные языки в высшей школе, no. 3(58) (November 15, 2021): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2021.58.3.005.
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Устный модус дискурса невозможно представить без богатого репертуара дискурсивных маркеров, для которых характерна ослабленность денотата, с одной стороны, и наполненность прагматическими функциями — с другой. Для выявления особенностей функционирования прагматических маркеров в политическом дискурсе и моделирования макро- и микрофункций дискурсивных маркеров были проанализированы метатекстовые и межличностные функции маркеров, разработанные в трудах отечественных и зарубежных исследователей, и на их основе, а также с учетом лексикографических источников, представлены макро- и микрофункции дискурсивных маркеров в политическом дискурсе. Проведенный анализ позволил выявить новые функции, которые получают ряд дискурсивных маркеров (you know, I mean), в том числе рассматриваемый маркер well в связи с манипулятивной природой политической коммуникации. Данные функции играют важную роль в создании альтернативной действительности и неопределенности, свойственных политической коммуникации. В исследовании представлен подробный анализ функций маркера well с дискурсивно-прагматических позиций на материале телеинтервью Д. Трампа. It is impossible to imagine the existence of the oral mode of discourse which would not include a rich variety of discourse markers. The distinctive feature of discourse markers is weak denotation on the one hand, and explicit pragmatic functions on the other. To identify peculiarities of pragmatic markers functioning in a political discourse and for the purpose of designing their macro- and microfunctions, in the present paper metatext and interpersonal functions of markers developed in the works of Russian and international researchers were scrutinized. On the basis of the data obtained from the previous researches, as well as lexicographic sources, macro- and microfunctions of discourse markers in a political discourse were designed. The analysis allowed to identify new functions developed by a number of discourse markers (you know, I mean), including the marker well, announced in the title of the paper, due to the manipulative nature of political communication. These functions play an important role in creating alternative reality and uncertainty inherent in political communication. The research presents a detailed analysis of functions obtained by the discourse marker well through the lens of discursive pragmatics based on Donald Trump's TV interview.
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Harbera, I. V. "REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT CONFLICT IN LEXICOGRAPHIC DISCOURSE." Тrаnscarpathian Philological Studies 1, no. 20 (2021): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/tps2663-4880/2021.20.1.15.
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Peredrienko, Tatiana Yu, and Ekaterina S. Balandina. "Obshchestvo and Society: Concept Representation in Lexicographic Discourse." Voprosy leksikografii, no. 17 (June 2020): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22274200/17/3.
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Stramljič Breznik, Irena. "Besedotvorna produktivnost posnemovalnih medmetov za zvoke naprav v slovenščini." Slavia Meridionalis 13 (May 1, 2015): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sm.2013.005.
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Word-formational productivity of onomatopoeic interjections imitating machine sounds in SloveneThe article presents partial results of a wider study about the lexical potential of interjections in Slovene from the functional and lexicographical perspectives. The study focuses on interjections imitating machine sounds which are presented as entries from a to ž in the Slovenian Ortography (2001).On the basis of examples found, interjections were classified into more homogenous groups according to the type of machine. Each category was further analyzed by using corpus analysis, which was carried out on the trial version of the billion-word corpus of the Slovene language called Gigafida. The analysis focused on the existence of words created from interjections whose base comes from one of the subcategories of onomatopoeic interjections presented here.The results of the analysis have confirmed that this type of interjections and words formed from them are relatively frequent in expressive discourse. The most prominent are the interjections typically used for imitating the sound of musical instruments and their parts (brenk), tools (švrk, škrt), weapons (pok, švist) and transportation devices (puh).The results also showed that the interjections which are the base for forming verbs give rise to more extensive word families. Verbs formed from interjections can also form complex words of a higher order according to established word-formational patterns. Produktywność słowotwórcza słoweńskich wtrąceń onomatopeicznych naśladujących dźwięki maszynNiniejszy artykuł jest częścią większego projektu, badającego potencjał leksykalny wtrąceń w języku słoweńskim z perspektywy funkcjonalnej oraz leksykograficznej – w pracy przedstawione zostaną jedynie wyniki badań nad tymi wtrąceniami, które naśladują dźwięki maszyn.Materiał do badania, tj. konkretne wtrącenia, został zaczerpnięty ze słownika ortografii słoweńskiej (Slovenski pravopis, 2001). Znalezione przykłady zostały następnie pogrupowane w zależności od typu maszyn, których dźwięki naśladują. Kolejny etap to pogłębiona analiza każdej grupy za pomocą testowej wersji korpusu języka słoweńskiego Gigafida (korpus ten zawiera około miliarda słów). Analiza ta miała na celu zbadanie, czy istnieją słowa utworzone na bazie wtrąceń należących do jednej z omawianych tutaj grup.Badanie wykazało, iż tego typu wtrącenia oraz słowa od nich utworzone stosunkowo często występują w dyskursie o charakterze ekspresywnym. Ze wszystkich wtrąceń najczęściej występowały te, które naśladują dźwięk instrumentów muzycznych lub ich części (brenk), narzędzi (švrk, škrt), broni (pok, švist) oraz środków transportu (puh).Co więcej, wtrącenia, od których tworzone są czasowniki, dają początek bardziej rozbudowanym rodzinom wyrazowym. Takie czasowniki mogą również wchodzić w skład bardziej złożonych słów, tworzonych za pomocą typowych dla języka słoweńskiego mechanizmów słowotwórczych.
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Iafarov, Rinat. "Word in the Dictionary and Discourse (a Case Study of German Language Vocabulary)." Litera, no. 11 (November 2022): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.11.39088.
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The article explores the functioning of usual words and neologisms in the German-language print media discourse as well as in mono- and bilingual dictionaries. Particular attention is given to the lexicographic and contextual translation of the lexemes and the problem of lexicographic underrepresentation of mass media vocabulary. The methods applied include semantic, contextual, discourse and corpus analysis. The article provides examples of potential lexical difficulties which may be faced by a translator or a speaker of German as a foreign language. The academic novelty of the research is due to the unique lexical material presented in the article, which is either absent in dictionaries or has an incomplete lexicographic explication or translation. The translation of these lexemes should not be verbatim and literal, as the translator must take into account extralinguistic realities, linguistic and cultural aspects of word semantics and that of a particular discourse type, collocation and usage of lexemes in the original and the target language. For instance, the translation of international terms is often reduced to loan translations (calques) that require an explanation or translation commentary. The article concludes that there is a need for linguistic, linguacultural and extralinguistic analysis, which has to be conducted by a translator or a reader of a text in a foreign language. The data obtained by the research can be used in translation, lexicographic and teaching activities.
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Yehorova, Olesia, and Antonina Prokopenko. "A cross-language perspective on the MAIDAN-concept." ExELL 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/exell-2019-0001.
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Abstract As the constituents of thoughts, concepts play a key role in human’s categorisation and interpretation of the surrounding world, in fixing our cognitive experience and forming individual judgements. The paper considers the representation of the nationally biased (ethno-specific) concept maidan as one of those functioning not only in Ukrainian but also in pan-European and global socio-political discourses of the recent years. Specifically, leaning on lexicographic data the study focuses on reconstructing the notional layer (informative core) of the concept and on identifying the differences of its content as featured in kin Slavic (Ukrainian and Russian) and distant Germanic (English and German) languages and linguocultures. The paper suggests a consecutive methodology based on lexicographic methods of analysis. Such methodology helps to define the sets of notional conceptual features subjected to further comparative interpretation. The procedures described in this paper give way to subsequent stages of conceptual analysis and discourse representations. The paper also provides preliminaries to the state of inconsistency between the systemic and utterance meanings of the language expressions of MAIDAN-concept that pose a limitation for comprehending the concept when transmitted to a different linguoculture
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Aksarina, Nalalya A., and Larisa V. Basova. "Lexicographic Description of the Preposition ‘V Chasti' in Business Discourse." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya, no. 57 (February 1, 2019): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19986645/57/1.
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Golubykh, A. A. "Nuclear Components of the Conceptual Framework ‘Medicine’ in the Modern English Language." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 163, no. 1 (2021): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2021.1.130-141.
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The conceptual framework ‘medicine’ within the English lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media discourse was considered in this paper. The research was motivated by current medical innovations accompanied by word-coining contributing to the renewal of nuclear concepts and their semantic content within the conceptual framework ‘medicine’. The nuclear concepts of the above-mentioned conceptual framework focusing upon semantic, synonymic, and hyper-hyponymic features of medical nouns in English were studied and systematized. For this purpose, the methods of data collection, description, and classification of the empirical materials with elements of semantic and conceptual analysis were used. The key aspects of the modern conceptual framework ‘medicine’ were identified. It was discovered that the conceptual framework ‘medicine’ in the modern English lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media types of discourse is basically actualized through the following nuclear concepts: ‘diseases’, ‘diagnostics and treatment methods’, and ‘drugs’. Interestingly, the nuclear concepts in all types of the English professional discourse enrich and develop the conceptual framework ‘medicine’ with medical terms related to the corresponding professional markers, synonyms, hyponyms, and hyperonyms. The results obtained provide both a valid background for better explanation, translation, and application of medical vocabulary in terms of modern lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media communication strategies.
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Tín, Nguyễn Thức Thành. "About the lexicographic statement of monolingual dictionary." Tạp chí Khoa học 14, no. 8 (September 20, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54607/hcmue.js.14.8.272(2017).
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Les dictionnaires de langue apparaissent comme un outil incontournable de tout apprenant de langue étrangère. Parmi eux, le dictionnaire monolingue, rédigé dans la langue-cible, présente bien de caractéristiques énonciatives qui appellent à maintes réflexions. Remplissant plusieurs fonctions, ces ouvrages de genre didactique renferment des énoncés qui relèvent du discours pédagogique, lequel dispose des points de ressemblance et de divergence avec le discours scientifique. Avant d’analyser ces propriétés de l’énoncé lexicographique, l’article fait un détour sur les modalités d’intégration des termes dans la nomenclature ainsi que les types de définitions qu’emploie le dictionnaire, et termine enfin par le rôle du lexicographe
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Golovanevski, Arcady L. "Word and word combination as event in poetic, political and lexicographical discourses." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 6 (November 2016): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.6-16.003.
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