Relevant bibliographies by topics / Levels and trends

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Levels and trends'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 April 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Phatale, Amey. "Autonomous Vehicle Levels & Trends." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 7, no. 6 (June 5, 2018): 1944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24314005404.

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Kunwar, Laxman Singh. "Remittances Levels and Trends." Patan Pragya 8, no. 01 (December 31, 2021): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v8i01.42425.

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This paper attempts to describe remittances levels and trends at global, regional and national levels. Remittances are being global phenomenon and its impacts have been increased from local level to global economy of world. It has been one of the top issues to analyze and address employment and economy sectors of local to national economy of remittances receiving countries of worlds. The paper is based on secondary sources of information with aim of find level and trends of remittances from national to global levels. Remittances through migration phenomenon has shown the evidences of in reducing poverty levels of remittances receiving regions or countries but the use of remittances pattern differs from one community to other. Nationally and globally volume of remittances has been increased with compared to previous years.
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K, Manjunatha N., and S. M. Hurakadli. "Trends and Levels of Female Literacy in Belagavi District." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-5 (August 31, 2017): 1003–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd2392.

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Lin, X., R. A. Pielke Sr., R. Mahmood, C. A. Fiebrich, and R. Aiken. "Observational evidence of temperature trends at two levels in the surface layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 17 (September 11, 2015): 24695–726. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-24695-2015.

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Abstract. Long-term surface air temperatures at 1.5 m screen level over land are used in calculating a global average surface temperature trend. This global trend is used by the IPCC and others to monitor, assess, and describe global warming or warming hiatus. Current knowledge of near-surface temperature trends with respect to height, however, is limited and inadequately understood because surface temperature observations at different heights in the surface layer in the world are rare especially from a high-quality and long-term climate monitoring network. Here we use high-quality two-height Oklahoma Mesonet observations, synchronized in time, fixed in height, and situated in relatively flat terrain, to assess temperature trends and differentiating temperature trends with respect to heights (i.e., near-surface lapse rate trend) over the period 1997 to 2013. We show that the near-surface lapse rate has significantly decreased with a trend of −0.18 ± 0.03 °C (10 m)−1 decade−1 indicating that the 9 m height temperatures increased faster than temperatures at the 1.5 m screen level and conditions at the 1.5 m height cooled faster than at the 9 m height. However, neither of the two individual height temperature trends by themselves were statistically significant. The magnitude of lapse rate trend is greatest under lighter winds at night. Nighttime lapse rate trends were significantly more negative than daytime lapse rate trends and the average lapse rate trend was three times more negative under calm conditions than under windy conditions. Our results provide the first observational evidence of near-surface temperature changes with respect to height that could enhance the assessment of climate model predictions.
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Lin, X., R. A. Pielke Sr., R. Mahmood, C. A. Fiebrich, and R. Aiken. "Observational evidence of temperature trends at two levels in the surface layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 2 (January 25, 2016): 827–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-827-2016.

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Abstract. Long-term surface air temperatures at 1.5 m screen level over land are used in calculating a global average surface temperature trend. This global trend is used by the IPCC and others to monitor, assess, and describe global warming or warming hiatus. Current knowledge of near-surface temperature trends with respect to height, however, is limited and inadequately understood because surface temperature observations at different heights in the surface layer of the world are rare especially from a high-quality and long-term climate monitoring network. Here we use high-quality two-height Oklahoma Mesonet observations, synchronized in time, fixed in height, and situated in relatively flat terrain, to assess temperature trends and differentiating temperature trends with respect to heights (i.e., near-surface lapse rate trend) over the period 1997 to 2013. We show that the near-surface lapse rate has significantly decreased with a trend of −0.18 ± 0.03 °C (10 m)−1 per decade indicating that the 9 m height temperatures increased faster than temperatures at the 1.5 m screen level and/or conditions at the 1.5 m height cooled faster than at the 9 m height. However, neither of the two individual height temperature trends by themselves were statistically significant. The magnitude of lapse rate trend is greatest under lighter winds at night. Nighttime lapse rate trends were significantly more negative than daytime lapse rate trends and the average lapse rate trend was three times more negative under calm conditions than under windy conditions. Our results provide the first observational evidence of near-surface temperature changes with respect to height that could enhance the assessment of climate model predictions.
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Yagbasan, Ozlem, Vahdettin Demir, and Hasan Yazicigil. "Trend Analyses of Meteorological Variables and Lake Levels for Two Shallow Lakes in Central Turkey." Water 12, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020414.

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Trend analyses of meteorological variables play an important role in assessing the long-term changes in water levels for sustainable management of shallow lakes that are extremely vulnerable to climatic variations. Lake Mogan and Lake Eymir are shallow lakes offering aesthetic, recreational, and ecological resources. Trend analyses of monthly water levels and meteorological variables affecting lake levels were done by the Mann-Kendall (MK), Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK), Sen Trend (ST), and Linear trend (LT) methods. Trend analyses of monthly lake levels for both lakes revealed an increasing trend with the Mann-Kendall, Linear, and Sen Trend tests. The Modified Mann-Kendall test results were statistically significant with an increasing trend for Eymir lake levels, but they were insignificant for Mogan lake due to the presence of autocorrelation. While trend analyses of meteorological variables by Sen Test were significant at all tested variables and confidence levels, Mann-Kendall, Modified Mann-Kendall, and Linear trend provided significant trends for only humidity and wind speed. The trend analyses of Sen Test gave increasing trends for temperature, wind speed, cloud cover, and precipitation; and decreasing trends for humidity, sunshine duration, and pan evaporation. These results show that increasing precipitation and decreasing pan evaporation resulted in increasing lake levels. The results further demonstrated an inverse relationship between the trends of air temperature and pan evaporation, pointing to an apparent “Evaporation Paradox”, also observed in other locations. However, the increased cloud cover happens to offset the effects of increased temperature and decreased humidity on pan evaporation. Thus, all relevant factors affecting pan evaporation should be considered to explain seemingly paradoxical observations.
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Xie, Ping, Yuxi Zhao, Yan-Fang Sang, Haiting Gu, Ziyi Wu, and Vijay P. Singh. "Gradation of the significance level of trends in precipitation over China." Hydrology Research 49, no. 6 (June 12, 2018): 1890–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2018.187.

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Abstract How to accurately detect and estimate the significance level of trends in hydroclimate time series is a challenge. Building on correlation analysis, we propose an approach for evaluating and grading the significance level of trend in a series, and apply it to evaluate the changes in annual precipitation in China. The approach involved first formulating the relationship between the correlation coefficient and trend's slope. Four correlation coefficient thresholds are then determined by considering the influence of significance levels and data length, and the significance of trends is graded as five levels: no, weak, moderate, strong and dramatic. A larger correlation coefficient reflects a larger slope of trend and its higher significance level. Results of Monte-Carlo experiments indicated that the correlation coefficient-based approach not only reflects the magnitude of a trend, but also considers the influence of dispersion degree and mean value of the original series. Compared with the Mann–Kendall test used commonly, the proposed approach gave more accurate and specific gradation of the significance level of trends in annual precipitation over China. We find that the precipitation trends over China are not uniform, and the effects of global climate change on precipitation are not strong and limited to some regions.
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Kunwar, Laxman Singh. "Foreign Labour Migration: Levels and Trends." Cognition 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cognition.v3i1.55636.

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This paper is related with foreign labour migration at global, regional and national level. Every day the volume of labourmigratnts have been increased. The data related with foreign labour migration are not uniform due to various organizations working on it and different methods apply by them. This article is entirely related with secondary sources of information. More specifically, ILO, IOM, UNPD and UN data related with international and regional level and DOFE and MoLESS data are for national lwevel are used to analyze the level and trends of foreign labour migration. Differences in level of development between developed and developing countries as well as lack of proper human resources management policies and high unemployment rate and poverty in developing countries are major cause to increased level and trends of volume of foreign labour migration.
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Durakovic, Selena, and Mirza Krso. "Development Levels Shaping Global Migration Trends." International Journal of Social Science Studies 13, no. 1 (March 18, 2025): 26. https://doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v13i1.7593.

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According to estimates by the United Nations' International Organization for Migration, in 2020 the global count of international migrants reached 281 million, nearly doubling the estimate from 1990. While a significant portion of emigration can be attributed to wars and conflicts, less developed countries have witnessed a surge in outward migration over the past few decades, extending beyond forced emigration. Among these migrants there is a considerable number of young, skilled, and educated individuals, whose departure has unfortunate effects on their countries of origin, impacting economic progress and demographics. The level of country development significantly influences migration, as migrants often move from less developed to more developed countries in search of better living conditions and more opportunities.This paper aims to identify the primary determinants of global migration movement between years 1990 and 2022, with a focus on evaluating the impact of country development level disparities on these flows. According to our static and dynamic estimation results the level of development is a significant driver of emigration while higher GDP per capita is associated with lower net emigration. These results imply that policies aimed at reducing migration pressures should focus on fostering economic development and increasing GDP per capita in low-income countries.
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Fu, Guobin, Rodrigo Rojas, and Dennis Gonzalez. "Trends in Groundwater Levels in Alluvial Aquifers of the Murray–Darling Basin and Their Attributions." Water 14, no. 11 (June 4, 2022): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111808.

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Groundwater levels represent the aggregation of different hydrological processes acting at multiple spatial and temporal scales within aquifer systems. Analyzing trends in groundwater levels is therefore essential to quantify available groundwater resources for beneficial use, and to devise plans/policies to better manage these resources. In this work, three trend analysis methods are employed to detect long-term (1971–2021) trends in annual mean/minimum/maximum depth to water table (DTW) at 910 bores. This analysis is performed in eight main alluvial systems in the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), Australia, which concentrate nearly 75% of groundwater use. The results show: (a) an overall increasing trend in DTW across alluvial aquifers attributable to changes in recharge from rainfall and groundwater extraction; (b) the analysis methods employed show similar statistical significances and magnitudes, but differences exist; (c) the annual minimum DTW has a smaller trend magnitude than annual mean DTW, and the annual maximum DTW has a larger trend magnitude than mean DTW; (d) trends in annual rainfall and potential evaporation, and cumulative number of production bores, are consistent with the groundwater trends; (e) irrigation is responsible for some of the decreasing trend in groundwater level. These results could be used to target further research and monitoring programs, and inform groundwater resource management decisions in the MDB.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Myint, Nyan. "Levels and trends of fertility and mortality in Burma." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116919.

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In Burma, levels of fertility and mortality are usually estimated directly using the data from the incomplete vital registration. These estimates, of course, are under-estimates and fertility and mortality are the areas for further research in Burma. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to estimate the levels and trends of fertility and mortality in Burma. Although the Governments of Burma have never intervened in the fertility attitude of the people, the former socialist Government limited access to any modern methods of contraception. However, this study shows that a fertility decline started in urban areas in the early 1970s. Moreover, the levels of fertility in Burma have never exceeded those in India and Bangladesh. Historically, Burma had lower fertility than India as a whole throughout the pre-War period. The higher age at marriage, the higher status of women, the higher level of female literacy and the main religion in Burma, Buddhism, which does not discourage the use of any methods of contraception, are the main causes of lower fertility in Burma. Recently, various sources, such as the United Nations, ESCAP, the World Bank and the US Bureau of the Census, have given quite different estimates of mortality, especially the level of infant mortality for Burma. Therefore, some indirect estimates of infant and child mortality, using the data on children ever born and children still living from the 1983 Census, are also made in this study. The estimates of both infant and general mortality derived in this study are much higher than both the Government's official estimates and the United Nations estimates. Moreover, this study shows that mortality has declined substantially since the mid-1950s, and the decline was much more faster in urban areas than in rural areas. However, it has apparently slowed down in recent years. The levels of mortality were much lower in Burma than in India throughout the pre-War period, and still lower than in India and Bangladesh but higher than in Thailand.
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Georgakopoulou, Panayota. "Reduction levels in subtitling-DVD subtitling : a compromise of trends." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/602/.

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Roizen, Judy Ann. "Explaining the Fijian childhood mortality decline : trends, levels and government response." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362826.

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Grimminger, Marsha Loth. "PERIODIC TRENDS IN STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP OF ORGANIC HETEROACENES." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/850.

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Our group has previously shown that small changes to molecular structure result in large changes to device properties and stability in organic electronic applications. By functionalizing aromatic heteroacenes with group 14 and group 16 elements, it is possible to control morphology and improve stability for a variety of applications such as thin film transistors and solar cells. Functionalization within the heteroacene core led to changes in electronic structure as observed by electrochemistry and light absorption. By substituting down the periodic table, the carbon heteroatom bond length increased, leading to subtle changes in crystal packing. Absorption maxima were red-­‐shifted and stability to light decreased. Substitution of group 14 elements to the solubilizing ethynyl groups attached to the heteroacene also had an effect on crystallization and stability. Substitution of silicon with carbon decreased solubility as well as stability to light. Substitution with germanium also decreased stability to light, but close contacts within the crystal structure and solubility in nonpolar organic solvents increased.
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Håkansson, Johan. "Changing population distribution in Sweden : long term trends and contemporary tendencies." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100712.

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The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyse the population redistribution in Sweden at different geographical levels from the beginning of the 19th century to the end of the 20th century. The analysis is approached in three different ways. First, the redistribution at different geographical levels is analysed (papers I and II). Second, the changing accessibility between people (interpersonal accessibility) is analysed from the beginning of the 19th century to the end of the 20th century (paper II). Third, the impacts of fertility, mortality, internal migration, international migration and geographical variations in age composition on population distribution are analysed for the last decades (papers I, III and IV). Measurements of concentration have been used in order to analyse the changing population distribution. For the analysis of changing interpersonal accessibility the average population within the daily reach has been calculated for different times. In order to analyse the impacts of fertility, mortality, migration and geographical variations in age composition the actual redistribution of the population is compared with the redistribution generated by a number of counterfactual scenarios. To analyse the impact of international migration the changing distribution of the population in different immigrant groups is compared to the distribution of the Swedish population. Some conclusions drawn from the thesis are: 1. There is no overall trend in the population redistribution towards either concentration or dispersion. The redistribution pattern depends on the time perspective and the geographical level chosen. The population has been both concentrated and dispersed since the beginning of the 19th century. This applies to all investigated geographical levels. In the five identified phases of the redistribution the most common pattern is that concentration and dispersion of the population exist simultaneously on different geographical levels. The total effect of the redistribution between 1810 and 1990 is that today the population is more dispersed at macro-regional level, while it is more concentrated at local and regional level. 2. Based on assumptions about the daily reach, an average person today has access to about 100 times more people locally compared with the beginning of the 19th century. The most important process for the increased accessibility has been the redistribution of the population. The process that has had the least impact is the assumed increase in daily reach. However the importance of the investigated processes changes over time. Since 1950 the increasing reach has been the most important process. However, the rate by which interpersonal accessibility increases has slowed down since 1950. 3. The main demographic factor behind the redistribution since 1970 is the geographical differences in age composition and its effects on the natural population change. It is demonstrated that this factor lies behind the trend towards increasing concentration in Sweden, while the impact of migration affects the fluctuations from this trend to a greater extent. 4. The study shows that immigration concentrates the population, while the internal migration during the 1970s and periodically during the 1980s dispersed the population. However during the 1990s the internal migration has had a concentrating effect on the spatial distribution of the population.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2000, härtill 4 uppsatser


digitalisering@umu
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Maginley, Katharine Suzanne. "Hormonal contraceptive use in Canada : levels, trends, and determinants among reproductive-aged women in British Columbia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61338.

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BACKGROUND: Despite widespread use of contraception worldwide, Canadian research on hormonal contraceptive trends is limited. This thesis aims to address this knowledge gap through an investigation of the levels, trends, and determinants of: (1) hormonal contraceptive use in British Columbia (BC) (Study 1), and (2) the use of cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol (CPA-EE), an acne drug that is also known to be prescribed as an oral contraceptive (OC) despite safety concerns (Study 2). METHODS: This thesis consists of two retrospective analyses of de-identified administrative datasets containing health care, pharmaceutical, and sociodemographic information for residents of BC between 2006–2013, inclusive. Study 1 examined incident and prevalent hormonal contraceptive use in a cohort of reproductive-aged women (15–49 years). Study 2 measured incident off-label use of CPA-EE in women aged 15–34. In both studies, logistic regression was used to model relationships between contraceptive use and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: Study 1 revealed (1) stable prevalence, but declining incidence of overall hormonal contraceptive use, (2) declining rates of OC use, (3) increased rates of hormonal intrauterine device (IUD) use, and (4) decreased odds of hormonal contraceptive use among Chinese and South Asian women. Despite a decline in use, OCs remained the most popular method, accounting for more than 80% of all hormonal contraceptive use. In Study 2, incident use of CPA-EE declined throughout the study period. South Asian women and women with older physicians (65+) were more likely to receive a potentially inappropriate CPA-EE prescription. CONCLUSION: This thesis contributes to a sparse body of literature on hormonal contraceptive use in Canada. While rates of OC use are declining, hormonal IUD use is increasingly widespread, particularly among younger women. Chinese and South Asian women are less likely to be prescribed OCs and may therefore be at greater risk for unintended pregnancy, although this warrants further investigation, as does the influence of provider characteristics on off-label prescribing patterns.
Medicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate
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Tran, Hoang V. "Ventricular Arrhythmias Complicating Coronary Artery Disease: Recent Trends, Risk Associated with Serum Glucose Levels, and Psychological Impact." eScholarship@UMMS, 2018. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/980.

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Introduction: Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are common after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and are associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, little is known about recent trends in their occurrence, their association with serum glucose levels, and their psychological impact in ACS setting. Methods: We examined 25-year (1986-2011) trends in the incidence rates (IRs) and hospital case-fatality rates (CFRs) of VAs, and the association between serum glucose levels and VAs in patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Lastly, we examined the relationship between in-hospital occurrence of VAs and 12-month progression of depression and anxiety among hospital survivors of an ACS in the longitudinal TRACE-CORE study. Results: We found the IRs declined for several major VAs between 1986 and 2011while the hospital CFRs declined in both patients with and without VAs over this period. Elevated serum glucose levels at hospital admission were associated with a higher risk of developing in-hospital VAs. Occurrence of VAs, however, was not associated with worsening progression of symptoms of depression and/or anxiety over a 12-month follow-up period in patients discharged after an ACS. Conclusions: The burden and impact of VAs in patients with an AMI has declined over time. Elevated serum glucose levels at hospital admission may serve as a predictor for in-hospital occurrence of serious cardiac arrhythmias. In-hospital occurrence of VAs may not be associated with worsening progression of symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with an ACS.
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Santamaria, Aguilar Sara [Verfasser], Athanasios [Akademischer Betreuer] Vafeidis, and Arne [Gutachter] Arns. "Analysis of trends and variability of water levels / Sara Santamaria Aguilar ; Gutachter: Arne Arns ; Betreuer: Athanasios Vafeidis." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1234451344/34.

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Meleady, Michael J. "Is environmental quality improving for environmental justice communities? an examination of trends in toxic pollution levels in Texas /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2598.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 67 p. : maps (part col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-56).
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Luke, Colin G. "A study of factors associated with trends in blood lead levels in Port Pirie children exposed to home-based interventions /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpml954.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Schmidt, E. R. Trends in 'A' levels. Stockport: Engineering Industry Training Board, 1987.

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Arnold, Fred. Fertility levels and trends. Columbia, Md., USA: Institute for Resource Development Systems, 1990.

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Klimas, Blanc Ann, ed. Fertility levels and trends. Columbia, Md., USA: Institute for Resource Development/Macro Systems, Inc., 1990.

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Boerma, J. Ties. Immunization: Levels, trends and differentials. Columbia, MD: I.R.D.., 1990.

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Chamie, Joseph. Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9.

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Mboup, Gora. Fertility levels, trends, and differentials. Calverton, Md: Macro International, Inc., 1998.

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Ibrahim Abbas Sief El Nasr. Fertility levels and trends in Sudan. Wad Medani, Sudan: Population Studies Centre, Faculty of Economics & Rural Development, University of Gezira, 1985.

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Rutstein, Shea Oscar. Fertility levels, trends, and differentials, 1995-1999. Calverton, Md: ORC Macro, MEASURE DHS+, 2002.

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Protection, Canada Conservation and, ed. Trends in contaminant levels in the Niagara River. Ottawa: Environment Canada, Conservation and Protection, 1993.

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Institute for Social and Economic Change, ed. Infertility in India: Levels, trends, determinants and consequences. Bangalore: Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Chamie, Joseph. "America’s Views on Abortion Remain Steady: Its Laws Are a Different Story." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 137–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_28.

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Chamie, Joseph. "The ‘Great Replacement’ Theory Rejects History and Reality." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 327–29. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_72.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Population Stabilization, Not Growth, Is the Key to America’s Future." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 183–85. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_39.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Androids in Human Populations." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 89–93. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_18.

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Chamie, Joseph. "For the Foreseeable Future, Immigration Will Fuel U.S. Population Growth." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 235–37. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_51.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Billionaires ‘Kvetching’ About Population Collapse." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 99–100. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_20.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Planet Earth into Planet Plastics." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 113–16. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_23.

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Chamie, Joseph. "2024: The Historic Reversal of America’s Population." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 3–5. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_1.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Living Alone in America." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 209–11. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_45.

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Chamie, Joseph. "Rejecting Refugee Realities: Somebody Else’s Problem." In Population Levels, Trends, and Differentials, 355–57. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22479-9_78.

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Conference papers on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Dineva, Kristina, Tatiana Atanasova, and Victor Danev. "AIR QUALITY TRENDS IN LIVESTOCK BARNS." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24, 117–24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s25.18.

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Livestock barns are integral to modern agriculture, providing essential environments for raising animals. The air quality in these barns directly impacts livestock health, quality of production and environmental sustainability. Trends in key metrics such as gas concentrations, particulate matter levels, humidity content, and temperature can influence the overall health of livestock, barn operations, and broader ecological factors. Understanding these trends and their interrelationships is crucial for managing barn conditions effectively. To investigate air quality trends in livestock barns, data was collected using IoT multiple sensors device. These sensors recorded various metrics, including gas concentrations (hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, volatile organic compounds), particulate matter levels (PM2.5 and PM10), and humidity-related metrics such as relative humidity and dewpoint temperature. The collected data was analyzed using correlation and trend analyses to explore relationships between these variables and their influence on barn conditions. The analysis reveals key trends and positive correlations between the collected data.
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Ali, Hassan, M. Hamza Amin, Attique Ur Rehman, Sabeen Javaid, Tahir Muhammad Ali, and Azka Mir. "Predictive Modeling of Students' Stress Levels Using Machine Learning Algorithm." In 2024 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC), 417–23. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/etncc63262.2024.10767502.

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Aslam, Amara, Arooj Ashraf, Attique Ur Rehman, Sabeen Javaid, A. A. Khan, Azka Mir, and Deepak Kumar. "Beyond Glucose Levels: A Machine Learning Perspective on Type 2 Diabetes Prediction." In 2024 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC), 1–7. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/etncc63262.2024.10767487.

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Srivastava, Jyoti, and Kirupa Priyadarsini. "Uncovering User Attitudes and Satisfaction Levels with HRMS Applications: Insights from Sentiment Analysis." In 2024 International Conference on Trends in Quantum Computing and Emerging Business Technologies (TQCEBT), 1–5. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tqcebt59414.2024.10545119.

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Trouiller, Yorick, Anne Didiergeorges, Gilles L. Fanget, Cyrille Laviron, Corinne Comboure, and Yves Quere. "New trends in Brunner's relation: dielectric levels." In Microlithography '99, edited by Luc Van den Hove. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.354407.

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Mishchenko, Volodymyr. "NEW TRENDS IN BANK RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION." In Characteristics and trends of socioeconomic development at the macro- and micro-levels. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-306-4-23.

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Binkley, D., and M. Harman. "An empirical study of predicate dependence levels and trends." In 25th International Conference on Software Engineering, 2003. Proceedings. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icse.2003.1201212.

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Lauridsen, Oyvind, Oyvind Tuntland, and Einar Ravnaas. "Trends in Risk Levels on the Norwegian Continental Shelf." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/74068-ms.

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Alobaidi, Attaa H., and Anwar S. Al Qaraghuli. "Levels of empowerment in contemporary architectural trends and practices." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF ALKAFEEL UNIVERSITY (ISCKU 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0182011.

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Ramakrishna, Nalla, and Harish Babu. "A study on passengers’ satisfaction levels on upcoming airport cities." In RECENT TRENDS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0074597.

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Reports on the topic "Levels and trends"

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Heckman, James, and Paul LaFontaine. The American High School Graduation Rate: Trends and Levels. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13670.

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Antoniak, Z. I. Historical trends in tank 241-SY-101 waste temperatures and levels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185391.

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Obare, Francis, Harriet Birungi, Chi-Chi Undie, Monica Wanjiru, Wilson Liambila, and Ian Askew. Levels, trends and determinants of contraceptive use among adolescent girls in Kenya. Population Council, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh3.1034.

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Burkhauser, Richard, and Kosali Simon. Measuring the Impact of Health Insurance on Levels and Trends in Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15811.

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Randall, Robb M., and Benjamin M. Herman. Using Ancillary Zero Trend Levels as a Means to Elucidate Microwave Sounding Unit Derived Tropospheric Temperature Trends Methods. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada449043.

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Kaygisiz, Neriman Beste, Yashna Shivdasani, Rena Conti, and Ernst Berndt. The Geography of Prescription Pharmaceuticals Supplied to the U.S.: Levels, Trends and Implications. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26524.

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Tiruneh, Dawit, Ricardo Sabates, Caine Rolleston, and John Hoddinott. Trends in Mathematics Learning in Ethiopia: 2012-2019. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2022/045.

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In this Insight Note, we explore the possible explanations for the decline in learning levels among primary school pupils in relation to the General Education Quality Improvement Programme (GEQIP) reforms that wereintended to improve quality and equity in the Ethiopian basic education system. We examine the extent to which mathematics learning levels for Grade 4 pupils have declined over time, despite the implementation of reforms to improve them, as well as the lessons that may be drawn from this. We also examine whether there is any difference in the benefits of the educational reforms for pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds (i.e., from rural areas, emerging regions, and from the lowest socio-economic background). We make use of a unique longitudinal dataset on 33 schools in six regions of Ethiopia covering the period 2012 to 2019.
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Alkire, Sabina, and Seth Suman. Inequality among the MPI poor, and regional disparity in multidimensional poverty: Levels and trends. University of Oxford, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii014.

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Jorgensen, Frieda, John Rodgers, Daisy Duncan, Joanna Lawes, Charles Byrne, and Craig Swift. Levels and trends of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from chicken in the UK. Food Standards Agency, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.dud728.

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Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle of transmission for this organism. It is estimated there are 500,000 cases of campylobacteriosis in the UK annually, with Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and Campylobacter coli (C. coli) accounting for approximately 91% and 8 % of infections, respectively. Although severe infection in humans is uncommon, treatment is seldom needed for human infection but usually involves the administration of a macrolide (e.g., azithromycin) or a fluoroquinolone (e.g., ciprofloxacin). An increased rate of resistance in Campylobacter in chicken to such antimicrobials could limit effective treatment options for human infections and it is therefore important to monitor changes in rates of resistance over time. In this report we analysed trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from chicken in the UK. The chicken samples were from chicken reared for meat (ie. broiler chicken as opposed to layer chicken (ie. egg-laying chicken)) and included chicken sampled at slaughterhouses as well as from retail stores in the UK. Datasets included AMR results from retail surveys of Campylobacter spp. on chicken sampled in the UK from various projects in the time period from 2001 to 2020. In the retail surveys, samples were obtained from stores including major and minor retail stores throughout the UK (in proportion to the population size of each nation) and Campylobacter spp. testing was performed using standard methods with the majority of isolates obtained from direct culture on standard media (mCCDA). Data from national scale surveys of broiler chicken, sampling caecal contents and carcase neckskins at slaughterhouses, undertaken by APHA in 2007/2008, and between 2012 and 2018 were also included in the study. In the APHA-led surveys, Campylobacter were isolated using standard culture methods (culture onto mCCDA) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by a standard microbroth dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of isolates. Care was taken when comparing data from different studies as there had been changes to the threshold used to determine if an isolate was susceptible or resistant to an antimicrobial in a small number of scenarios. Harmonised thresholds (using epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values) were employed to assess AMR with appropriate adjustments made where required to allow meaningful comparisons of resistance prevalence over time. Data from additional isolates where resistance to antimicrobials were predicted from genome sequence data were also considered.
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Marchesi, Keenan, and Patrick W. (Patrick Wade) McLaughlin. Food-away-from-home acquisition trends throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Washington, DC: USDA Economic Research Service, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8023697.ers.

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"The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the ensuing policy responses disrupted how consumers in the United States acquired food away from home, and little is known about how they continued to access these goods. This report summarizes national-level trends in dollars U.S. consumers spent from December 2019-February 2020 through April-June 2022 at quick- and full-service restaurants by service mode (on-premise, drive-thru, delivery, and carry-out) and acquisition and ordering method. Results show that while on-premises (eating inside a restaurant) spending fell at quick- and full-service restaurants, spending at full-service restaurants remained much lower than pre-pandemic spending levels. USDA, Economic Research Service researchers found that consumers quickly adapted to other service modes, like delivery or drive-thru, and this offset many of the losses observed in spending at quick-service restaurants. The authors also observed that consumers increased spending via cell phone apps for carry-out and delivery orders at both types of restaurants relative to pre-pandemic spending. In short, while consumers' restaurant spending largely returned to pre-pandemic levels, many of the ways that consumers interacted with quick- and full-service restaurants immediately following the onset of the pandemic remained."
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