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1
R, Lakkundi Vijayendra, Virginia Transportation Research Council, Virginia. Dept. of Transportation., and United States. Federal Highway Administration., eds. Development of left-turn lane guidelines for signalized and unsignalized intersections. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Transportation Research Council, 2004.
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2
International Symposium on Highway Capacity (1991 Karlsruhe, Germany). Highway capacity and level of service: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Highway Capacity, Karlsruhe/24-27 July 1991. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1991.
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Dubourg, Ninon. Disabled Clerics in the Late Middle Ages. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721561.
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The petitions received and the letters sent by the Papal Chancery during the Late Middle Ages attest to the recognition of disability at the highest levels of the medieval Church. These documents acknowledge the existence of physical and/or mental impairments, with the papacy issuing dispensations allowing some supplicants to adapt their clerical missions according to their abilities. A disease, impairment, or old age could prevent both secular and regular clerics from fulfilling the duties of their divine office. Such conditions can, thus, be understood as forms of disability. In these cases, the Papal Chancery bore the responsibility for determining if disabled people were suitable to serve as clerics, with all the rights and duties of divine services. Whilst some petitioners were allowed to enter the clergy, or – in the case of currently serving churchmen – to stay more or less active in their work, others were compelled to resign their position and leave the clergy entirely. Petitions and papal letters lie at intersection of authorized, institutional policy and practical sources chronicling the lived experiences of disabled people in the Middle Ages. As such, they constitute an excellent analytical laboratory in which to study medieval disability in its relation to the papacy as an institution, alongside the impact of official ecclesiastical judgments on disabled lives.
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Brigham, John, Sarah Marusek, and Patrícia Branco. Street-Level Sovereignty: The Intersection of Space and Law. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2017.
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Panchuk, Michelle, and Michael Rea, eds. Voices from the Edge. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848844.001.0001.
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Over the past several decades, scholars working in biblical, theological, and religious studies have increasingly attended to the substantive ways that our experiences and understanding of God and God’s relation to the world are structured by our experiences and concepts of race, gender, disability, and sexuality. These personal and social identities and their intersections serve as a hermeneutical lens for our interpretations of God, self, the other, and our religious texts and traditions. However, they have not received nearly the same level of attention from analytic theologians and philosophers of religion, and so a wide range of important issues remain ripe for analytic treatment. The papers in this volume address the various ways in which the aforementioned social identities intersect with, shape, and might be shaped by the questions with which analytic theology and philosophy of religion have typically been concerned, as well as what new questions they suggest to the discipline. We focus on three central areas of analytic theology: methodological principles, the intersection of social identities with religious epistemology, and the connections among eschatology, ante-mortem suffering, and ante-mortem social perceptions of bodies.
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Durch, William, Joris Larik, and Richard Ponzio. The Intersection of Security and Justice in Global Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805373.003.0002.
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Security and justice are both essential elements in humanity’s quest not only to survive but to thrive with dignity; neither is sustainable alone. Security is merely the appearance of order in a framework of structural violence unless tempered or leavened by concepts of justice that include human rights, human dignity, and other normative limits on the use of power. The pursuit of justice, whether at the personal, community, national, or international level can be crippled if not matched, in turn, by means to sustain security at each level. This complementarity of security and justice—despite their inherent tensions—is the core conceptual framework of the book. Achieving “just security,” we argue, is essential to the success of any global governance enterprise or architecture.
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Alconini, Sonia, and Alan Covey. Conclusions: Appropriating the Inca. Edited by Sonia Alconini and Alan Covey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219352.013.59.
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This chapter addresses the key concepts discussed in Part 8, which focused on the persistence of Inca identity and associated politics of performance, indigeneity, and “Incanism.” The ruptures of natural disasters and political upheaval have allowed Cuzco to be rebuilt in new cycles that invoke Inca identity in distinct ways, the most recent of these as a center of world heritage. At a broader level, the colonial-era broadening of Inca identity helped to sustain indigenous rebellions against Spanish colonial rule, and this persisted after independence, as the Incas became a national Peruvian symbol. The globalization of Inca heritage sites has occurred alongside Inca-inspired representations of indigenous identity elsewhere, making the Incas the aspirational ancestors for different scales of identity-building. Inca sites like Machu Picchu serve as rich places for the intersections of different performances of what it means to be Inca.
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Frierson-Campbell, Carol, Clare Hall, Sean Robert Powell, and Guillermo Rosabal-Coto, eds. Sociological Thinking in Music Education. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197600962.001.0001.
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Sociological Thinking in Music Education: International Intersections presents sociological thinking about music teaching and learning as important social, political, economic, ecological, and cultural ways of being. At the book’s heart is the intersection between theory and practice where readers gain glimpses of intriguing social phenomena as lived through music learning and teaching. The vital roles played by music and music education from various societies around the world are illustrated through pivotal intersections between music education and sociology: community, schooling, and issues of decolonization. In this book, emerging as well as established authors mobilize the links between applied sociology, music, education, and music education in ways that intersect the scholarly and the personal. These interdisciplinary vantage points fulfill the book’s overarching aim to move beyond mere descriptions of what is by analyzing how social inequalities and inequities, conflict and control, and power can be understood in and through music teaching and learning at both individual and collective levels. The result is not only encountering new things regarding the social construction of music education practices in specific places but also seeing and hearing familiar things in fresh ways. Digital assets enable readers to meet the authors and the points of their inquiry via various audiovisual media including videos, a documentary music film, and multilingual video précis for each chapter in English and in each author’s language of origin.
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Denison, Craig. Teaching and Conducting Diverse Populations. Edited by Frank Abrahams and Paul D. Head. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199373369.013.23.
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This chapter examines how social delineations of boys’ singing inform the boychoir conductor’s choices for vocal technique, programming, and rehearsal procedure. The introduction identifies structural elements that delineate a boychoir from other types of choirs, especially in the United States, with its traditions of multistage maturity level singers across different vocal registers. Once established, the chapter examines signature programming, rehearsal, and performance norms, with attention to the intersection of traditional and contemporary practices. Following a consideration of the boychoir community and its relationship to the community-at-large, the chapter closes with the concluding assertion of a boychoir pedagogy that synergizes the handling of different levels of boychoir development (especially voice changes) and adult and boy meanings of boys’ singing.
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1961-, Hoffman Andrew J., ed. Global climate change: A senior-level debate at the intersection of economics, strategy, technology, science, politics, and international negotiation. San Francisco: New Lexington Press, 1998.
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Hoffman, Andrew J. Global Climate Change: A Senior-Level Debate at the Intersection of Economics, Strategy, Technology, Science, Politics, and International Negotiation. Lexington Books, 1998.
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J, Hoffman Andrew. Global Climate Change: A Senior-Level Debate at the Intersection of Economics, Strategy, Technology, Science, Politics, and International Negotiation. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2000.
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13
Probst, Tahira M., Lixin Jiang, and Wendi Benson. Job Insecurity and Anticipated Job Loss: A Primer and Exploration of Possible Interventions. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.025.
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Given the increasing prevalence of job insecurity across the globe, the purpose of this chapter is to identify variables operating at the individual, occupational, organizational, and societal levels that have been found to influence employee perceptions of job insecurity and to discuss the outcomes (related to organizational well-being and employee well-being) that accrue as a result of such insecurity. In doing so, we bring together two disparate bodies of literature on economic stress (job insecurity and anticipated job loss) by integrating them into a comprehensive model that explicitly advocates a multilevel perspective and acknowledges that employees are embedded in multiple intersecting and influential contexts (e.g., socioeconomic conditions). Although a vast body of research suggests that the consequences of job insecurity are largely negative, this chapter also explores organizational- and societal-level interventions to attenuate these negative consequences.
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Maier, Harry O. New Testament Christianity in the Roman World. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190264390.001.0001.
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The book explores the social contexts of New Testament writings from Acts onward, along with other relevant Jewish and Christian literature. Moving from large to increasingly smaller spheres, the study examines how at each level beliefs and practices related to the gods and the cosmos, the empire, the city, and the household shaped a shifting and context-specific Christian faith and a set of affiliated identities. In each case, the discussion considers intersections with the New Testament and other early Christian and Jewish literature. The introduction discusses theories of canon formation, the history of the Roman Empire relevant to New Testament study, and the concept of lived religion as a means to understand ancient Christianity. Chapter 2 discusses the gods, sacrifices, festivals, divine epithets, temple architecture, magic, neighborhood religion, demonology, pagan and Christian ritual, and Greco-Roman and Jewish views of the cosmos. Chapter 3 examines the empire’s political and administrative structure, urbanization, taxation, nomenclature, patronage, and emperor worship. Chapter 4 treats the organization and governance of cities, liturgies, urban demography, poverty, mortality, economic production, trade associations, and integration of Jews in city life. Chapter 5 considers terms and definitions of the ancient household and family; architecture; domestic rituals; rites of passage; slavery and manumission; expectations of men, women, children, and slaves; funerary practices; and fictive kinship. Chapter 6 discusses the self; the social constitution of identity; physiological understandings of the body; Greco-Roman gender construction; philosophical theories concerning the interrelationship of body, soul, and ethics; and Jewish and early Christian conceptualizations of the self.
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Kudryavtseva, Tamara V., and Alla A. Strelnikova, eds. Russia – Germany: Literary Encounters (after 1945). A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0683-3.
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This book continues to introduce the reader to Russian-German literary relations in the 20th century. The results of the first stage of the research were presented in the collective work Russia — Germany: Literary Encounters (1918–1945) published by A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2017 with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant no. № 17-04-16003. The present study analyzes mutual influences, intersections, typological similarities, receptive projections and imagological concepts occurring at the borders of the cultural spaces of Germany and Russia in the second half of the 20th and the first third of the 21st century. The aim of this work is to complement or amend the existing knowledge of the literary and cultural interactions of the two countries after 1945. Like in the first book, special attention is paid to identifying the mechanisms of the perception of a foreign literature in the context of national regulatory language usage paradigm. The book studies direct and indirect contacts between the two literatures and helps isolate single elements of critical reflection in the field of meaning-making and on the level of the formation of motific, aesthetic and stylistic models of the text. This work, which includes the articles written by thirty Russian researches, is of theoretical and practical value and appeals to specialists in comparative studies, intercultural communication, history of German and Russian literature, as well as to a wide audience interested in these problems.
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Lien, Pei-te, and Nicole Filler. Contesting the Last Frontier. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190077679.001.0001.
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This book examines the scope and significance of the rise of Asian (and Pacific Islander) Americans in US elective office over the past half-century. By scrutinizing the political trajectory of pioneering figures and their significant followers in each of the major Asian ethnic communities, this book provides unprecedentedly broad and detailed coverage of the development of the electoral landscape of the relatively unknown community in American politics. This book aims not only to fill a missing piece of American electoral history but to challenge the “model minority” and “perpetual foreigner” tropes of Asians in American society and politics. To help interpret the complex experiences of these political women and men situated at the intersection of race, gender, and other dimensions of marginalization, this book adopts an intersectionality framework that puts women of color at the center of storytelling and analysis. Our account includes their trajectories to office, their divergent patterns of political socialization, the barriers and opportunities they faced on the campaign trail, and how these elected officials enacted their roles as representatives at local, state, and federal levels of government. This book documents how Asian immigrants of various origins and those born on US soil strived to serve the interests of the rapidly expanding and majority-immigrant population, especially those disadvantaged by the intersections of gender, ethnicity, and nativity. Our research demonstrates the intrinsic values of the feminist/womanist leadership praxis in illuminating the meanings and significance of political representation and leadership for Asians and other nonwhite American women and men in elective office.
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Phillips, Christian Dyogi. Nowhere to Run. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538937.001.0001.
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Nowhere to Run: Race, Gender, and Immigration in American Elections advances an intersectional account for why the underrepresentation of women and racial minorities in elected office has proven so persistent. Using an original dataset encompassing nearly every state legislative general election from 1996 to 2015, and interview and survey data from 42 states, the book demonstrates that factors in candidate emergence that have long been treated as exclusively “racial” or “gendered” in political science are, in fact, shaped by race and gender simultaneously. Focusing on women and men from the two fastest-growing racial groups in the United States—Asian Americans and Latina/os—the book shows that prevailing conceptions of the utility of majority-minority districts and the importance of individual-level concerns like ambition in explaining representation on the ballot require revision. The intersectional model of electoral opportunity presented in the book argues that overlapping and simultaneous structural factors play a previously underappreciated role in shaping who runs for office—and who does not. At the national level, the distribution of majority-white populations across most districts sharply constrains the number of realistic opportunities for nonwhite women and men to get on the ballot. At the local level, within districts and communities of color, the scarcity of viable opportunities to run exacerbates informal processes and institutions that tend to push women of color further from the candidate pipeline. These interactive features of the landscape of electoral opportunities produce a systemic absence of competition for descriptive representation in most state legislative elections.
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Tajmel, Tanja, Klaus Starl, and Susanne Spintig, eds. The Human Rights-Based Approach to STEM Education. Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31244/9783830992202.
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This volume provides the first introduction to the right to science/STEM education, with contributions from international scholars and experts from organizations, including UNESCO, and from diverse disciplines such as human rights; science education; educational studies; anti-racist and decolonizing pedagogy; feminist and gender studies in science, technology, and engineering; and management and organizational studies. The book offers a thorough grounding in the right to education and its application in the STEM fields. It provides interdisciplinary perspectives that allow for a broad understanding of the human right to science education at all intersectional levels of STEM education and in STEM careers. Based on the Berlin Declaration on the Right to Science Education, adopted at the 1st International Symposium on Human Rights and Equality in STEM Education (October 2018), this volume suits as a textbook for university courses at the undergraduate or graduate level. It will also prove extremely valuable to researchers from a range of disciplines but, in particular, those interested in human rights, education, science/STEM education, as well as practitioners, program and curriculum developers, policy makers, educators, and, of course, the interested public.
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Hebl, Michelle R., Carlos Moreno, and Eden B. King. A Stigma Lens for Considering What Targets Can Do. Edited by Adrienne J. Colella and Eden B. King. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199363643.013.26.
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This chapter adopts an individual-level approach to reducing workplace discrimination with a focus on the actions of its targets. We consider the intersection of two dimensions of stigmatized attributes—their visibility and perceived controllability—as factors that directly influence the likely effectiveness of a range of remediation strategies. Through this lens and the evidence we synthesize, we build enhanced understanding of why there is a variance in the effectiveness of coping strategies and insight into what, when, and why certain strategies might be most effective. Finally, we articulate that the influence of stigma visibility and perceived controllability—and the remediation strategies that are likely to be most effective—should be considered in light of the stigma’s fluid course.
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Shamshad, Rizwana. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199476411.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter sets the problem, provides a preview of nationalist thought in India and migration from Bangladesh and various nationalist thoughts. The politicization of migration of Bangladeshis into India operates at the intersection of religion, ethnicity, and discourses on nationalism in India. For the Hindu nationalists operating at the All-India level Muslims are ‘infiltrators’ and Hindus are ‘refugees’, for the Assamese ethnic nationalist both Hindu and Muslim Bengalis are ‘foreigners’. For the Bengalis in West Bengal, the ethnicity Bengaliness comes to the fore. The study sets three questions for three states. The chapter discusses these questions and the methodology to derive the answers. The chapter further discusses the field cities and the interviewees.
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Banner, Olivia, Nathan Carlin, and Thomas R. Cole, eds. Teaching Health Humanities. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190636890.001.0001.
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Teaching Health Humanities expands our understanding of what health humanities teaching currently does and what it could do. Its contributors describe the variety of degree programs where they teach, the politics and perspectives that inform how they teach, and methods for incorporating newer digital and multimodal technologies into their teaching practices. Each individual chapter lays out the theory that drives contributors’ teaching, then describes how it happens in practice at the broad level of such matters as syllabus design and at the finer level of lesson plans, class exercises, and/or textual analyses. In the middle section, contributors focus on how they integrate critical race, feminist, queer, disability, class, and age studies in their courses, with essays that exemplify intersectional approaches to these axes of difference and oppression. The last section includes chapters that illuminate how to teach about digital technologies to reveal the often obscured politics in their design, as well as descriptions of courses that bridge bioethics and music, medical humanities and podcasts, health humanities filmmaking, and visual arts in end-of-life care.
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Hrushovski, Ehud, and François Loeser. A closer look at the stable completion. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161686.003.0005.
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This chapter introduces the concept of stable completion and provides a concrete representation of unit vector Mathematical Double-Struck Capital A superscript n in terms of spaces of semi-lattices, with particular emphasis on the frontier between the definable and the topological categories. It begins by constructing a topological embedding of unit vector Mathematical Double-Struck Capital A superscript n into the inverse limit of a system of spaces of semi-lattices L(Hsubscript d) endowed with the linear topology, where Hsubscript d are finite-dimensional vector spaces. The description is extended to the projective setting. The linear topology is then related to the one induced by the finite level morphism L(Hsubscript d). The chapter also considers the condition that if a definable set in L(Hsubscript d) is an intersection of relatively compact sets, then it is itself relatively compact.
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Gorman, Jack M. Is the Human Brain Unique? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850128.003.0002.
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Some scientists now argue that humans are really not superior to other species, including our nearest genetic neighbors, chimpanzees and bonobos. Indeed, those animals seem capable of many things previously thought to be uniquely human, including a sense of the future, empathy, depression, and theory of mind. However, it is clear that humans alone produce speech, dominate the globe, and have several brain diseases like schizophrenia. There are three possible sources within the brain for these differences in brain function: in the structure of the brain, in genes coding for proteins in the brain, and in the level of expression of genes in the brain. There is evidence that all three are the case, giving us a place to look for the intersection of the human mind and brain: the expression of genes within neurons of the prefrontal cortex.
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Rosenblatt, Fernando. Costa Rica. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190870041.003.0005.
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This chapter analyzes the trajectory of the major political parties in Costa Rica: PLN, PUSC, PAC, and, more briefly, ML and Frente Amplio. The chapter reviews the critical effect of the 1948 civil war on the consolidation of Trauma. It also shows how the effect on vibrancy of Trauma—that is, collective suffering—differs from the effect of individual (still, political) suffering. The long-term trajectory of the PLN illustrates the gradual erosion of Trauma and the loss of Purpose. The chapter further discusses how the intersection of Channels of Ambition and moderate Exit Barriers engenders a weaker level of vibrancy. Finally, the analysis of the PUSC is one of the clearest examples of rapid organizational deterioration, and the first years of the PAC as a party organization highlight the challenges of consolidating a vibrant party in the absence of a defined Purpose.
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Hayden, Craig. Entertainment Technologies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.386.
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Entertainment technologies are not new, and neither is their relevance for international studies. As studies evidence, the impact of entertainment technologies is often visible at the intersection of “traditional” international relations concerns, such as national security, political economy, and the relation of citizens to the nation-state, and new modes of transnational identity and social action. Thus the study of entertainment technologies in the context of international studies is often interdisciplinary—both in method and in theoretical framework. Moreover, the production, regulation, and dissemination of these technologies have been at the center of controversies over the flow of news and cultural products since the dawn of popular communication in the nineteenth century. These entertainment technologies include video games, virtual worlds and online role-playing games, recreational social networking technologies, and, to a lesser degree, traditional mass communication outlets. In addition, there are two primary emphases in the scholarly treatment of entertainment technologies. At the level of audience consumption and participation, media outlets considered as entertainment technologies can be discussed as means for acquiring information and cultivating attitudes, and as a “space” for interaction. At the more “macro” level of social relations and production, representation can work to reinforce modes of belonging, identity, and attitudes.
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Mayo, Cris, ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality in Education. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190848545.001.0001.
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83 articles The Oxford Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality in Education brings together researchers from around the globe to explore how gender and sexuality shape the experiences of a wide range of educational levels. The Encyclopedia offers insights into research on the affordances, impact, and disparities in education related to gender and sexuality in their most complex, intersectional, and transnational forms. The work included in these volumes provides authoritative guidance on the impact of gender and sexuality on educational research and aims to help researchers and practitioners alike develop new approaches to these areas in their work.
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Lemos, Maria Carmen, and Christine Kirchhoff. Climate Information and Water Management. Edited by Ken Conca and Erika Weinthal. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199335084.013.17.
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Climate-change projections suggest water managers, policymakers, and planners will need to grapple both with increased stress on water supplies and more climate variability and extremes. In the context of water governance, climate information can play a critical role in informing planning preparedness and response options; however, research shows that the level of use of climate information among water managers is still relatively low. This review examines three different disconnects at the intersection of scientific knowledge and water management. First, it tackles the disconnect between the production of knowledge and that knowledge’s application in specific water-management decision contexts. Second, it explores the disconnect between what different water management models, such as integrated water resource management, should in principle do to foster the use of climate information and how well they accomplish this goal in practice. Third, it examines the potential disconnect between adoption of climate information and adaptive capacity building.
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Gheciu, Alexandra. Between the Old and the New. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813064.003.0005.
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Building upon the analysis of international developments in Chapter 4, Chapter 5 returns to recent developments in the national arenas of Bulgaria, Bosnia, Romania, and Serbia. The chapter examines the fluidity and complexity of the practices of performing security that have resulted from the insertion of those polities into the European field of security in combination with the persistence of some old actors, attitudes, and non-material resources. By examining how security is performed in the context of the intersection of European and global factors and actors with national players and local dynamics, the chapter seeks to give readers a better sense of what “glocalization” actually looks like in specific settings. The chapter shows that, in parallel to EU-level dynamics, in each of the four polities examined in the book PSCs cooperate with state officials, but also engage in practices of contestation over the “rules of the game” of security provision.
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Cooky, Cheryl. Women, Sports, and Activism. Edited by Holly J. McCammon, Verta Taylor, Jo Reger, and Rachel L. Einwohner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190204204.013.39.
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Unlike other issues that have generated highly visible popular social movements in the United States, gender inequality in sports has not attracted similar levels of attention among U.S. feminist activists. Moreover, sport has not played a significant role in what constitutes the “canon” of feminist writings on activism, and is often overlooked in feminist collections, women’s studies textbooks, and anthologies. This chapter draws upon the scholarship in feminist sport studies to focus on three issues related to women’s activism in sports: sports as a site for women’s advocacy and activism; sports as a site for women’s empowerment; and female athleticism as cultural iconography in discursive articulations of feminist activism and women’s empowerment. The chapter concludes with insights on the potential for intersections between women’s sports advocacy and feminist activism in women’s sports at the turn of the twenty-first century, and offers possible directions for future research.
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Gardner, Colin. Bridging Bateson, Deleuze and Guattari Through Metamodelisation: What Brian Massumi Can Teach Us About Animal Politics. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474422734.003.0009.
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This chapter turns to the seminal work of the English anthropologist/ cyberneticist, Gregory Bateson (1904-80) as a crucial ecological and ludic foundation not only for the work of Deleuze and Guattari – the pair coined the term ‘plateau’ as a continuous, self-vibrating region of intensities from Bateson’s study of Balinese culture – but also Brian Massumi’s more recent exploration of the supernormal tendency in animal play as a metacommunicative model for a new form of political metamodelisation based on Guattari’s advocacy of an ethico-aesthetic paradigm. Drawing heavily on Bateson’s 1955 essay, ‘A Theory of Play and Fantasy’, Massumi stresses how, for example, a play fight between wolf cubs entails the staging of a paradox, whereby a cub bites and at the same time says ‘This is not a bite, this is not a fight, this is a game,’ whereby the ludic stands in for the suspended analogue: real combat. Massumi calls this level of abstraction game’s ‘-esqueness,’ its metacommunicative level which self-reflexively mobilizes a vitality affect that generates a trans-situational process that moves across and between intersecting existential territories. The latter entails the construction of a third dimension, the ‘included middle’ of play and combat’s mutual influence, which Massumi calls ‘sympathy’.
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Cantrell, Jaime. Coming Out and Tutor-Text Performance in Jane Chambers’s Lesbi-Dramas. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039805.003.0009.
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This chapter traces the phenomenon of feminist drama through three overtly lesbian plays by Jane Chambers: A Late Snow (1974), Last Summer at Bluefish Cove (1980), and My Blue Heaven (1981). Through a combination of surface and close readings, it argues that these plays function as especially explicit tutor-texts, because instances of lesbian hypervisibility in these works, are, in fact, performed. In this way, the plays concretize visually and aurally what the script conveys, and, in so doing, they require the audience to process and understand codes and meanings at a moment's notice—while, perhaps, calling into question the theatergoer's beliefs or values. Through the performance of these plays a sort of visual imaginary is communicated to the audience: discourses within the scripts advocate for lesbian social justice at the national level, intersecting with social politics and public identification.
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Bloom, Gina. Games. Edited by Henry S. Turner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199641352.013.10.
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This chapter examines the historical intersections between theatre and games in order to understand the formal dimensions of spectatorship within the specific institution of the early modern theatre and the dramas staged within it. It considers how early modern card and board games would have trained theatre audiences in the performative conventions of a newly commercialized stage, and how theatricality itself becomes a kind of game whose rules are explored, modified, and constantly reinvented through their performance by actors and the audiences who watched them. It shows that staged parlour games in the playsA Woman Killed with KindnessandArden of Favershamcall upon audiences to participate in theatre in ways that are reminiscent of traditional and rival entertainment forms. It also argues that game scenes in drama do not simply theatricalize the everyday activity of playing games in a tavern or parlour. Rather, they take advantage of the fact that the experiences of gameplay and of theatre-going were commensurate on a number of levels.
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Roberson, Quinetta M. Conclusion: Future Directions for Diversity Theory and Research. Edited by Quinetta M. Roberson. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199736355.013.0024.
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The chapters in this handbook provide a comprehensive overview of the different approaches, perspectives and levels of analysis in diversity research. In doing so, they highlight the evolution of diversity as a science and practice, emphasizing existing conceptual and actionable knowledge on managing diverse workforces and capitalizing on the benefits of diversity in organizations. Each chapter offers suggestions for future research within specific topic areas that could help generate a broader and deeper understanding of diversity in organizations. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight points of intersection among the various topic areas and put forward meaningful areas of integration within the field. Specifically, I propose and discuss directions for a future research agenda including the conceptualization of diversity, mechanisms underlying diversity effects, contextual influences, diversity management and a more universal approach to the study of diversity.
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Silva, Daniel F. Anti-Empire: Decolonial Interventions in Lusophone Literatures. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786941008.001.0001.
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Anti-Empire explores how different writers across Lusophone spaces engage with imperial and colonial power at its various levels of domination, while imagining alternatives to dominant discourses pertaining to race, ethnicity, culture, gender, sexuality, and class. Guided by a theoretically eclectic approach ranging from Psychoanalysis, Deconstruction, Postcolonial Theory, Queer Theory, and Critical Race Studies, Empire is explored as a spectrum of contemporary global power inaugurated by European expansion and propagated in the postcolonial present through economic, cultural, and political forces. Through the texts analysed, Anti-Empire offers in-depth interrogations of contemporary power in terms of racial politics, gender performance, socio-economic divisions, political structures, and the intersections of these facets of domination and hegemony. By way of grappling with Empire’s discursive field and charting new modes of producing meaning in opposition to that of Empire, the texts read from Brazil, the Cape Verde Islands, East Timor, Portugal, and São Tomé and Príncipe open new inquiries for Postcolonial and Decolonial Studies while contributing theoretical debates to the study of Lusophone cultures.
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Porsdam, Helle, and Sebastian Porsdam Mann, eds. The Right to Science. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108776301.
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That everyone has a human right to enjoy the benefits of the progress of science and its applications comes as a surprise to many. Nevertheless, this right is pertinent to numerous issues at the intersection of science and society: open access; 'dual use' science; access to ownership and dissemination of data, knowledge, methods and the affordances and applications thereof; as well as the role of international co-operation, human dignity and other human rights in relation to science and its products. As we advance towards superintelligence, quantum computing, drone swarms, and life-extension technology, serious policy decisions will be made at the national and international levels. The human right to science provides an ideal tool to do so, backed up as it is by international law, political heft, and normative weight. This book is the first sustained attempt at turning this wonder of foresight into an actionable and justiciable right. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
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Liu, James H., and Felicia Pratto. Colonization, Decolonization, and Power: Ruptures and Critical Junctures Out of Dominance. Edited by Phillip L. Hammack. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199938735.013.11.
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Colonization and decolonization are theorized at the intersection of Critical Junctures Theory and Power Basis Theory. This framework allows human agency to be conceptualized at micro-, meso-, and macro-levels, where individuals act on behalf of collectives. Their actions decide whether critical junctures in history (moments of potential for substantive change) result in continuity (no change), anchoring (continuity amid change with new elements), or rupture. We apply this framework to European colonization of the world, which is the temporal scene for contemporary social justice. Several critical junctures in New Zealand history are analyzed as part of its historical trajectory and narrated through changes in its symbology (system of meaning) and technology of state, as well as the identity space it encompasses (indigenous Māori and British colonizers). The impact of this historical trajectory on the social structure of New Zealand, including its national identity and government, is considered and connected to the overarching theoretical framework.
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Rodríguez, Daniel A. The Right to Live in Health. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469659732.001.0001.
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Daniel A. Rodríguez’s history of a newly independent Cuba shaking off the U.S. occupation focuses on the intersection of public health and politics in Havana. While medical policies were often used to further American colonial power, in Cuba, Rodríguez argues, they evolved into important expressions of anticolonial nationalism as Cuba struggled to establish itself as a modern state. A younger generation of Cuban medical reformers, including physicians, patients, and officials, imagined disease as a kind of remnant of colonial rule. These new medical nationalists, as Rodríguez calls them, looked to medical science to guide Cuba toward what they envisioned as a healthy and independent future. Rodríguez describes how medicine and new public health projects infused republican Cuba’s statecraft, powerfully shaping the lives of Havana’s residents. He underscores how various stakeholders, including women and people of color, demanded robust government investment in quality medical care for all Cubans, a central national value that continues today. On a broader level, Rodríguez proposes that Latin America, at least as much as the United States and Europe, was an engine for the articulation of citizens’ rights, including the right to health care, in the twentieth century.
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Magder, Sheldon. Central venous pressure monitoring in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0132.
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Central venous pressure (CVP) is at the crucial intersection of the force returning blood to the heart and the force produced by cardiac function, which drives the blood back to the systemic circulation. The normal range of CVP is small so that before using it one must ensure proper measurement, specifically the reference level. A useful approach to hypotension is to first determine if arterial pressure is low because of a decrease in vascular resistance or a decrease in cardiac output. This is done by either measuring cardiac output or making a clinical assessment blood flow. If the cardiac output is decreased, next determine whether this is because of a cardiac pump problem or a return problem. It is at this stage that the CVP is most helpful for these options can be separated by considering the actual CVP or even better, how it changed with the change in cardiac output. A high CVP is indicative of a primary pump problem, and a low CVP and return problem. Understanding the factors that determine CVP magnitude, mechanisms that produce the components of the CVP wave form and changes in CVP with respiratory efforts can also provide useful clinical information. In many patients, CVP can be estimated on physical exam.
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Lavanya, Rajamani, and Peel Jacqueline, eds. The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198849155.001.0001.
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The second edition of this leading reference work provides a comprehensive discussion of the dynamic and important field of international law concerned with environmental protection. The handbook discusses the key principles underpinning international environmental law, its relevant actors and tools, and rules applying in its substantive sub-fields such as climate law, oceans law, wildlife and biodiversity law, and hazardous substances regulation. It also explores the intersection of international environmental law with other areas of international law, such as those concerned with trade, investment, disaster, migration, armed conflict, intellectual property, energy, and human rights. The handbook sets its discussion of international environmental law in the broader interdisciplinary context of developments in science, ethics, politics, and economics, which inform the way in which environmental rules are made, implemented, and enforced. It provides an introduction to the foundations of international environmental law while also engaging with questions at the frontiers of research, teaching, and practice in the field, including the role of global South perspectives, the contribution made by Earth jurisprudence, and the growing role of a diverse range of actors from Indigenous peoples to business and industry. It is an essential reference text for all engaged with environmental issues at the international level and the applicable governance and regulatory structures.
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Knoll, Benjamin R., and Cammie Jo Bolin. She Preached the Word. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190882365.001.0001.
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She Preached the Word is a landmark study on women’s ordination in contemporary American religious congregations. In this groundbreaking work, Benjamin Knoll and Cammie Jo Bolin draw upon a novel collection of survey data and personal narrative interviews to answer several important questions, including: Who supports women’s ordination in their congregations? What are the most common reasons for and against women’s ordination? What effect do female clergy have on young women and girls, particularly in terms of their psychological, economic, and religious empowerment later in life? How do women clergy affect levels of congregational attendance and engagement among members? What explains the persistent gender gap in America’s clergy? The authors find that female clergy indeed matter, but not always in the ways that might be expected. They show, for example, that while female clergy have important effects on women in the pews, they have stronger effects on theological and political liberals. Throughout this book, Knoll and Bolin discuss how the persistent gender gap in the wider economic, social, and political spheres will likely continue so long as women are underrepresented in America’s pulpits. Accessible to scholars and general readers alike, She Preached the Word is a timely and important contribution to our understanding of the intersection of gender, religion, and politics in contemporary American society.
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Maani, Nason, Mark Petticrew, and Sandro Galea, eds. The Commercial Determinants of Health. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197578742.001.0001.
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Abstract Until recently, the commercial determinants have remained largely absent from conceptual frameworks of the social determinants of health, despite their clear importance to health and well-being. This is especially challenging because even a single large industry sector can have a profound, intersectional impact on sociocultural and physical environments. Such a sector can affect everything from the consumption patterns of a particular product and the health and social problems caused by those patterns of consumption to the social norms surrounding when and how much of it people use, the tax and regulatory frameworks surrounding it, the science regarding its harms and benefits, how policymakers view the problem and its causes, and the framing of possible solutions. The commercial determinants of health are emerging as a field of study in their own right; however, currently, there is no book that seeks to synthesize current definitions, frameworks, and empirical research into a coherent research and translational entity and to help the field make the leap to its next level. This book aims to fill that gap by making the case for why commercial determinants of health matter and discussing what is known about them, examples of the ways in which they affect population health, and ways to research and influence them as the field continues to grow and evolve.
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Warren, Mark R. Willful Defiance. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197611500.001.0001.
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Willful Defiance documents how Black and Brown parents, students and members of low-income communities of color organized to dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline in their local schools and built a movement that spread across the country. The book begins in the Mississippi Delta where African American families were some of the first to name and speak out against the school-to-prison pipeline and challenge anti-Black racism, exclusionary discipline policies that suspend and expel students of color at disproportionate rates and policing practices that lead students into the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The book examines organizing processes in Mississippi, Los Angeles, Chicago, and other localities, showing how groups led by parents and students of color built the power to win policy changes to reduce suspensions and expulsions by centering the participation of people most impacted by injustice and combining deep local organizing with resources from the national movement. It shows how an intersectional movement emerged as girls of color and gender nonconforming students asserted their voice, the movement won victories to remove or defund school police and sought to establish restorative justice alternatives to transform deep-seated racism in public schools. The book documents the struggle organizers waged to build a movement led by community groups accountable to people most impacted by injustice rather than Washington-based professional advocates. It offers a new model for federated movements that operate simultaneously at local, state, and national levels, while primarily oriented to support local organizing and reconceptualizes national movements as interconnected local struggles whose victories are lifted up and “nationalized” to transform racially inequitable policies at multiple levels.
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Whittaker, D. Hugh, Timothy Sturgeon, Toshie Okita, and Tianbiao Zhu. Compressed Development. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744948.001.0001.
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This book highlights the importance of time and timing in economic and social development. ‘Compressed development’ consists of two key features and their interaction: the tendency for development processes to unfold more rapidly (compression) and the institution-shaping influences of major periods of change and growth, especially when countries become integrated into the global economy (era). Using an interdisciplinary conceptual framework of state–market and organization–technology co-evolution, the authors contrast the experiences of ‘early’ and ‘late’ developers such as the United Kingdom and Japan, with countries–most notably China–which have become more deeply integrated with the global economy since the 1990s. Compressed developers experience ‘thin industrialization’, layered types of employment, and ‘double burdens’ or challenges in social development. National development strategies must accommodate global value chains and powerful international actors on the one hand, and decentralization on the other. To cope, and thrive, states must remain developmental, whilst being increasingly engaged and adaptive in multiple levels of governance. Compressed Development explores the historical and contemporary features of economic and social development at the intersection of development studies and studies of globalization. By bringing a new perspective on the ‘middle-income trap’, as well as the emerging digital economy, and the state–market and geopolitical tensions that are currently upending conventional wisdoms, the book offers timely insights that will be useful, not only for students of development, but for policymakers, business, and labour organization seeking to navigate the rushing currents of contemporary capitalism.
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Magoulick, Mary J. The Goddess Myth in Contemporary Literature and Popular Culture. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496837066.001.0001.
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Goddess characters are revered as feminist heroes in the popular media of many cultures. However, these goddess characters often prove to be less promising and more regressive than most people initially perceive. Goddesses in film, television, and fiction project worldviews and messages that reflect mostly patriarchal culture (included essentialized gender assumptions), in contrast to the feminist, empowering levels many fans and critics observe. Building on critiques of other skeptical scholars, this feminist, folkloristic approach deepens how our remythologizing of the ancient past reflects a contemporary worldview and rhetoric. Structures of contemporary goddess myths often fit typical extremes as either vilified, destructive, dark, and chaotic (typical in film or television); or romanticized, positive, even utopian (typical in women’s speculative fiction). This goddess spectrum persistently essentializes gender, stereotyping women as emotional, intuitive, sexual, motherly beings (good or bad), precluded from complex potential and fuller natures. Within apparent good-over-evil, pop-culture narrative frames, these goddesses all suffer significantly. However, a few recent intersectional writers, like N. K. Jemisin, break through these dark reflections of contemporary power dynamics to offer complex characters who evince “hopepunk. ” They resist typical simplified, reductionist absolutes to offer messages that resonate with potential for today’s world. Mythic narratives featuring goddesses often do, but need not, serve merely as ideological mirrors of our culture’s still problematically reductionist approach to women and all humanity.
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Welling, Lisa L. M., and Todd K. Shackelford, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology and Behavioral Endocrinology. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190649739.001.0001.
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Although most will be at least somewhat familiar with the biological role hormones play during puberty and pregnancy, many are likely unaware that hormones—chemical messengers that are secreted by cells and that travel through the body to reach specialized receptors—impact multiple aspects of our lives from conception onward. Behavioral endocrinology and evolutionary psychology are complementary disciplines wherein scholars seek to understand human behavior. Evolutionary psychologists contend that human psychology and behavior are functional outcomes of natural and sexual selection pressures encountered in the ancestral environment. In this view, selection pressures designed adaptations of the mind and body, which produce behavior through a variety of psychological, neurological, and physiological mechanisms. Behavioral endocrinologists study the hormonal and neuroendocrine mechanisms that influence or regulate behavior. They investigate these bidirectional relationships between hormones and behavior using measured, estimated, or manipulated circulating hormone levels, or by studying the associated biological circuitry. Understanding how hormones function as underlying mechanisms for potentially adaptive responses in specific environmental contexts informs an evolutionary perspective on human psychology. This book explores various topics within behavioral endocrinology from an evolutionary perspective. Each chapter explores a subtopic within one of three themes: (1) development and survival, (2) reproductive behavior, and (3) social and affective behavior. Current knowledge on diverse subjects, such as hormonal influences on life history strategy, mate choice, aggression, human hierarchical structure, mood disorders, and more, is outlined and exciting future directions are discussed. The intersection of evolutionary psychology and behavioral endocrinology affords compelling research into human psychophysiology.
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Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald, and Dustin Avent-Holt. Relational Inequalities. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190624422.001.0001.
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Relational Inequalities focuses on the organizational production of categorical inequalities, in the context of the intersectional complexity and institutional fluidity that characterize social life. Three generic inequality-generating mechanisms—exploitation, social closure, and claims-making—distribute organizational resources, rewards, and respect. The actual levels and contours of the inequalities produced by these three mechanisms are, however, profoundly contingent on the historical moments and institutional fields in which organizations operate. Organizational inequality regimes are comprised of the resources available for distribution; the task-, class-, and status-based social relations within organizations; formal and informal practices used to accomplish goals and tasks; and internal cultural models of people, work, and inequality, often adapted from the society at large to fit local social relationships. Legal and cultural institutions as they are filtered through workplace inequality regimes steer which groups are exploited and excluded, blocking or facilitating the conditions that lead to exploitation and closure. Sometimes exploitative and closure claims-making are naked and open for all to see; more often, they are institutionalized, taken for granted, and legitimated, sometimes even by those being exploited and excluded. The implications of RIT for social science and equality agendas are discussed in the conclusion. Case studies examine historical and contemporary workplace inequality regime variation in multiple countries. The role of intersectionality in producing regime variation is explored repeatedly across the book. Many occupations and industries are examined in depth, with particular attention given to engineers, CEOs, financial service, airlines, and information technology industries.
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Out-of-Pocket Expenditure: The Need for a Gender Analysis. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275123546.
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The main purpose of this publication is to advocate for the need to understand the gendered nature of vulnerabilities to poor health. Gender equality in health is an integral dimension of sustainable development, and it is critical to apply a “gender lens” to all aspects of the health system, including financing mechanisms in health. The impact of health-related out-of-pocket expenditure (OPE) on household poverty has been a significant factor driving the move toward universal health coverage across much of Latin America and beyond. However, not only do health care users still face a broad range of health-related OPEs that can contribute to the impoverishment of households, but the gender dimensions of OPEs have received very little attention. Drawing primarily on data from Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Peru, this report offers an in-depth analysis of the gender dimensions of health-related OPEs in Latin America. It highlights the limitations of survey data in determining levels of household spending on health as well as the potential failure of indicators to capture the impacts of coping strategies that households adopt to pay for OPEs. This publication calls for the application of an intersectional analysis to ensure a more nuanced understanding of the ways in which other social identity markers, such as race and ethnicity, alongside gender shape the ability of individuals and households to respond to the different OPEs they may encounter. Until policymakers consider the issue through a gender lens, OPE will continue to limit the potential of universal health care coverage to effectively address health inequalities.