Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lesbians in literature

Academic literature on the topic 'Lesbians in literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

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Cabaloue, Sophie. "La construcción del personaje lésbico en los relatos cubanos de Sonia Rivera-Valdés y Jacqueline Herranz-Brooks: de la “abyección” a la subversión." La Manzana de la Discordia 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2016): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/lamanzanadeladiscordia.v8i1.1554.

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Resumen: En este ensayo se analizan las obras de dos autoras cubanas de la diáspora, Sonia Rivera-Valdés y Jacqueline Herranz-Brooks, enfocando especialmente la temática lesbiana de estas narraciones, con especial atención a la forma como nos revelan la situación de las lesbianas en Cuba, sobre todo en el “Periodo especial”, a la vez que se convierte en un modo de subvertir la hete- rosexualidad obligatoria. De este modo se indaga sobre cómo en sus relatos se construye el sujeto “abyecto” (el personaje lésbico) en oposición al sistema heteronor- mativo y cómo este sujeto pasa de la “abyección” a la subversión, al desafiar la heterosexualidad obligatoria. Palabras clave: lesbianas, heterosexualidad obligatoria, abyección, narrativa cubanaThe Construction of the Lesbian Character in the Cuban Stories by Sonia Rivera-Valdés y Jacqueline Herranz-Brooks: from “abjection” to subversion Abstract: This essay analyzes the ways in which Cuban literature with lesbian themes by two exiled writers, Sonia Rivera-Valdés and Jacqueline Herranz-Brooks, reveals the situation of lesbians in Cuba, above all in the “Special Period,” and also becomes a way to subvert compulsory heterosexuality. Thus it enquires into the ways in which their stories construct the “abject” subject of the lesbian character in opposition to the heteronormative system and how this subject moves from abjection to subversion, in challenging compulsory heterosexuality.Key Words: lesbians, compulsory heterosexuality, abjection, Cuban narrative
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Martindale, Kathleen, and Martha Saunders. "Realizing Love and Justice: Lesbian Ethics in the Upper and Lower Case." Hypatia 7, no. 4 (1992): 148–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1992.tb00723.x.

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This essay examines two tendencies in lesbian ethics as differing visions of community, as well as contrasting views of the relationship between the erotic and the ethical. In addition to considering those authors who make explicit claims about lesbian ethics, this paper reflects on the works of some lesbians whose works are less frequently attended to in discussions about lesbian ethics, including lesbians writing from the perspectives of theology and of literature.
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Krane, Vikki. "Lesbians in Sport: Toward Acknowledgment, Understanding, and Theory." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 18, no. 3 (September 1996): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.3.237.

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The purpose of this paper is to lay a conceptual foundation for understanding and studying lesbians in sport. To begin to understand lesbians in sport, it is necessary to critically examine the socialization process. Lesbians are socialized within a homonegative and heterosexist society, where they learn homonegative attitudes. The sport environment is even more hostile toward lesbians, thus escalating the negative impact of homonegativism experienced by lesbians in sport compared to nonsport lesbians. These reactions to homonegativism will be manifested through individuals’ mental states (e.g., low self-esteem, low confidence, low satisfaction, high stress) or behaviors (e.g., poor sport performance, substance abuse). However, through exposure to positive social support and successful role models, a positive lesbian identity will be developed. The goals of this framework are to consolidate previous empirical literature about lesbians and apply it to sport and to encourage further conceptualization about lesbians in sport.
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Morgan, Kris S., and Laura S. Brown. "Lesbian Career Development, Work Behavior, and Vocational Counseling." Counseling Psychologist 19, no. 2 (April 1991): 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000091192013.

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Women 's career development has recently been a popular topic in counseling psychology, for both theoretical and empirical work This article extends that line of inquiry to address the unique career development issues of lesbians. The available literature on lesbians and work is reviewed, and parallels are drawn between the work experiences of lesbians, nonlesbian women, and other minority status groups. Three models of career development in women (Astin, 1985; Farmer, 1985; Gottfredson, 1981) are presented, and the applicability of each theory to increasing understanding of lesbian experience is explored. Implications for vocational and work-related counseling for lesbians are suggested and recommendations for the field are made.
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Zak, Ann, and Crystal McDonald. "Satisfaction and Trust in Intimate Relationships: Do Lesbians and Heterosexual Women Differ?" Psychological Reports 80, no. 3 (June 1997): 904–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.904.

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Although satisfaction and trust have received considerable attention in the literature on heterosexual relationships, little is known about lesbian relationships. Because females are socialized differently and acquire a different sexual script than males do, we predicted that lesbians would have similar goals regarding their relationships and, therefore, score higher on satisfaction and trust than heterosexual women. 50 lesbians and 50 heterosexual women were approached during lesbian and heterosexual social activities held at four colleges in the northeast and asked to complete a demographic survey and measures of satisfaction and trust. Findings partially supported our predictions.
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Lenskyj, Helen Jefferson. "No Fear? Lesbians in Sport and Physical Education." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 6, no. 2 (October 1997): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.6.2.7.

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In the following discussion, I will critically review selected research on lesbians in sport and physical education. This is not intended as a comprehensive coverage of every publication on the issue, but rather an overview of trends in research and literature since the 1970s.1 I will begin by examining how the broader issues of gender and sexuality have been taken up in sport literature, and then turn to work that focuses on lesbians’ experiences of homophobia and heterosexism in sport, historically and in the last two decades. A discussion of physical education will follow, and finally, literature on softball will be reviewed as a case study of a sport that is arguably more successful than most in celebrating a lesbian presence.
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Huneke, Samuel Clowes. "Heterogeneous Persecution: Lesbianism and the Nazi State." Central European History 54, no. 2 (June 2021): 297–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938920000795.

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AbstractIn recent years scholars have shown increasing interest in lesbianism under National Socialism. But because female homosexuality was never criminalized in Nazi Germany, excluding Austria, historians have few archival sources through which to recount this past. That lack of evidence has led to strikingly different interpretations in the scholarly literature, with some historians claiming lesbians were a persecuted group and others insisting they were not. This article presents three archival case studies, each of which epitomizes a different mode in the relationship between lesbians and the Nazi state. In presenting these cases, the article contextualizes them with twenty-seven other cases from the literature, arguing that these different modes illustrate why different women met with such radically different fates. In so doing, it attempts to bridge the divide in the scholarship, putting persecution and tolerance into a single frame of reference for understanding the lives of lesbians in the Third Reich.
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Curopos, Fernando. "La lesbienne fin-de-siècle : une fiction portugaise." Moderna Språk 112, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v112i2.7678.

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The figure of the lesbian has haunted erotic and pornographic literature long before homosexuality was ‘‘invented’’ (Foucault) by psychiatric medicine in the third quarter of the nineteenth century.This paper deals with the representation of the “lesbian” in Portuguese fin-de-siècle literature. Those lesbians, created by and intended for a male audience, are the result and the product of a ‘‘straight mind’’ (Wittig) that fantasizes the relations between women while obliterating reality: the possibility of a true love between women. Nevertheless, at the turn of the century, some of them will come out the closet, more or less forced, giving a ‘‘face’’ to the invisible Portuguese lesbian.
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Matthews, Connie R., Peggy Lorah, and Jaime Fenton. "Treatment Experiences of Gays and Lesbians In Recovery from Addiction: A Qualitative Inquiry." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 28, no. 2 (March 30, 2006): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.28.2.9m35re2aj9l28j47.

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The literature has suggested that addiction treatment programs are not addressing the unique recovery needs of gays and lesbians. This qualitative study examined gay men's and lesbian women's experiences with addiction treatment and recovery. Ten themes emerged to define their experiences. These themes are described, along with implications for mental health counselors working with this population.
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Irwin, Catherine. "Dispossession and the 1970s Trans-Genre: A Reading of Judy Grahn’s “The Psychoanalysis of Edward the Dyke”." Contemporary Women's Writing 13, no. 1 (March 2019): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cww/vpz010.

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Abstract While Judy Grahn’s 1978 prose poem “The Psychoanalysis of Edward the Dyke” has been examined through a cisgendered lesbian feminist lens, this essay argues that Grahn’s poem is more productively interpreted as a satirical trans-genre that critiques not just the clinical treatment of lesbians, but the clinical treatment of trans persons as well. Through a close reading, this essay analyzes the various social and medical encounters in “Edward the Dyke” to address how transphobic and homophobic discourses of this historical period are parodied and used as satirical elements to critique the clinical establishment. A reading of Grahn’s work as trans-genre contributes to a body of work that illustrates the dispossession of both gender variant lesbians and trans subjectivities and the historical intersections of non-normative genders and sexualities in literature.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

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Siesing, Gina Michellle. "Fictional democracies : the formation of lesbian-feminist literary publics /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Steffensen, Jyanni. "Queering Freud : textual (re)configurations of lesbian desire and sexuality /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs8174.pdf.

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Linné, Robert Andrew. "Alternative reading lists : personal literacy histories of gays and lesbians /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Hernandez, Lisa Justine. "Chicana feminist voices in search of Chicana lesbian voices from Aztlán to cyberspace /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037497.

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Smith, Jenna. "Spectacular lesbians : visual histories in Winterson, Waters, and Humphreys." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99392.

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As many theorists have pointed out, queer history is often erased within traditional, heteronormative historiography. Consequently, historians cannot recount the gay and lesbian past by conventional techniques of evidence and documentation. Instead they recuperate and reinvent queer history using strategies normally associated with the writing of fiction. This thesis examines three works of late twentieth century lesbian historical fiction that rewrite the past in order to render visible queer intimacy, sexuality, and desire. Jeanette Winterson's The Passion (1987), Sarah Waters' Tipping the Velvet (1998), and Helen Humphreys' Leaving Earth (1997) employ spectacularly visible lesbian heroines who symbolically reverse lesbian invisibility in mainstream historical narratives by displaying themselves as public figures or stage performers. There are ongoing debates in contemporary queer theory and historiography about the extent to which it is politically useful to privilege highly visible individuals when recovering the marginalized gay and lesbian past. Winterson's, Waters', and Humphreys' novels enact this debate, and exemplify a trend in contemporary lesbian historical fiction in which lesbian heroines are empowered by their ability to control their own visibility and to ensure the perpetuation of their history.
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Rogers, Donna Ann. "Elizabeth Bishop and her women countering loss, love, and language through Bishop's homosocial continuum /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002044.

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Winkelmann, Cathrin. "The limits of representation? : the expression and repression of desire in 20th-century German lesbian narratives." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38437.

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This study investigates the expression and repression of desire in four 20th-century German-language lesbian prose texts. I examine in chronological order three novels and one novella: Der Skorpion (1919) by Anna Elisabet Weirauch; Lyrische Novelle (1933) by the Swiss author Annemarie Schwarzenbach; Der Schlachter empfiehlt noch immer Herz (1976) by Margot Schroeder; and, finally, Bilder von ihr (1996) by Karen-Susan Fessel. While not concentrating on any single literary work, the excursus on texts from the period between the Third Reich and the Second Feminist Movement in Germany provides a brief analysis of the (lack of) lesbian literary developments during this time.
Drawing on diverse lesbian-feminist and queer strains of criticism, this study provides a close examination of the narrative elements, strategies, and styles used to inscribe lesbian desire into the literary works selected for analysis. The investigation explores how these texts utilize narrative conceptualizations of lesbian desire, critiques of heterophallocentric language and representation, and strategies to create lesbian narrative spaces that challenge the heterosexual presumptions and trajectories which traditionally underlie conventional Western romance narratives. The constructions of "lesbian" identity presented in the texts are fundamentally connected to the creation and operation of these narrative spaces. Thus, in order to contextualize my interpretations and literary analyses, I situate the texts in the respective socio-historical and political contexts in which they were written and received.
The unresolved problems, prevailing tensions, and their individual differences notwithstanding, the narratives examined here collectively contribute to a lesbian counterdiscourse to the 20th-century German literary establishment. By exploring the strategies invoked in these texts to represent a desiring textual lesbian subjectivity, this study hopes to make visible a tradition of Germanlanguage lesbian literature---a fragmented and often marginalized literature---over the last century and to offer German literary studies insights from the periphery of the dominant heterosexual culture. However, this investigation simultaneously and paradoxically also contests the very positioning of German lesbian literature and criticism at the margins by proposing their strategic integration into the German literary canon.
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Shaw, Patricia M. "Lesbian women and AIDS : a literature review and discussion group for lesbian women on sexual health and safer sex education for prevention of HIV infection." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=118289.

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Research on AIDS and women is recent and focuses almost exclusively on the heterosexual population. Despite research on the sexual behavior of young women which asserts that lesbians are at low risk for exposure to HTV, many lesbians engage in high risk practices and are therefore at risk for infection. In order for AIDS education for this population to be effective, it must be designed spedfically to meet identified needs. [...]
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Hawkins, Damaris. ""They say she is veiled": A rhetorical analysis of Judy Grahn's poetry." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2941.

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Lobdell, Bambi Lyn. "A man in all that the name implies reclassification of Lucy Ann/Joseph Israel Lobdell /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.

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Books on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

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Tratnik, Suzana. Lezbična zgodba: Literarna konstrukcija seksualnosti. Ljubljana: Škuc, 2004.

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Lillian, Faderman, ed. Chloe plus Olivia: An anthology of lesbian literature from the seventeenth century to the present. New York: Viking, 1994.

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Lillian, Faderman, ed. Chloe plus Olivia: An anthology of lesbian literature from the seventeenth century to the present. New York: Penguin Books, 1995.

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Terry, Castle, ed. The literature of lesbianism: A historical anthology from Ariosto to Stonewall. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003.

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Sharon, Malinowski, Pendergast Tom, and Pendergast Sara, eds. Gay & lesbian literature. Detroit: St. James Press, 1994.

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1953-, Ramos Juanita, ed. Compañeras: Latina lesbians (an anthology) = Lesbianas latinoamericanas (expandido en español). 3rd ed. New York: Latina Lesbian History Project, 2004.

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Cathie, Dunsford, and Hawthorne Susan, eds. The exploding frangipani: Lesbian writing from Australia and New Zealand. Auckland, N.Z: Women's Press, 1990.

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Hyde, Margaret O. Know about gays and lesbians. Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press, 1994.

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B, Duberman Martin, ed. Lesbians and gays and sports. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1995.

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Kirsanov, Vladimir. Lesbiĭska︠i︡a proza - 2008. Moskva: Kvir, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

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Gilhuly, Kate. "Lesbians are not from Lesbos 1." In Erotic Geographies in Ancient Greek Literature and Culture, 91–116. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. |: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315182667-6.

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Velasco, Sherry. "Listening to Lesbians in Early Modern Spain." In The Routledge Hispanic Studies Companion to Early Modern Spanish Literature and Culture, 584–600. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351108713-43.

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Danna, Daniela. "Beauty and the Beast: Lesbians in Literature and Sexual Science from the Nineteenth to the Twentieth Centuries." In Queer Italia, 117–32. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403982599_8.

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Taylor, Yvette. "Reviewing the Literature: An Introduction." In Working-Class Lesbian Life, 1–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230592384_1.

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Harker, Jaime. "Lesbian South." In The Routledge Companion to Literature of the U.S. South, 317–20. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003009924-80.

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Palko, Abigail L. "The Lesbian Daughter." In Imagining Motherhood in Contemporary Irish and Caribbean Literature, 147–83. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60074-5_5.

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Palko, Abigail L. "The Lesbian Mother." In Imagining Motherhood in Contemporary Irish and Caribbean Literature, 185–220. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60074-5_6.

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Gall, Amy. "Out There: The Lesbian in Literature." In Mapping Queer Space(s) of Praxis and Pedagogy, 127–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64623-7_7.

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Björklund, Jenny. "Introduction." In Lesbianism in Swedish Literature, 1–11. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137364968_1.

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Björklund, Jenny. "The Political Scene of Love." In Lesbianism in Swedish Literature, 13–55. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137364968_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

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Garcia-Ramirez, Grisel, and Sabrina Islam. "Patterns of marijuana use and sexual violence among sexual minority high school students: Perspectives from the California Healthy Kids Survey." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.50.

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Background: Sexual minority students are at risk for adverse outcomes associated with substance use and violence. The vast majority of research literature, however, has focused on university students and alcohol consumption. There is an increased need to understand the distinct vulnerabilities of youth who have a non-heterosexual sexual orientation, and marijuana use as more state legalize and normalize the recreational use of marijuana in various forms. This study examines marijuana use and sexual victimization among high school students by sexual minority status. Methods: We analyzed data from 9th (n=50,973) and 11th (n=41,692) graders who participated in the California Healthy Kids Survey during the 2018-2019 school year. Students were asked to report their sexual identity and orientation (‘straight,’ ‘gay/lesbian,’ ‘bisexual,’ ‘something else,’ ‘I am not sure yet’, ‘decline to respond’), whether they had ever been sexually assaulted, marijuana use in their lifetime and past 30 days, and demographic characteristics. We conducted multi-level logistic regression analysis to assess relationships between lifetime and past-30-day marijuana use, sexual minority status and sexual victimization (SV). Analyses were performed using Stata, version 15.1. Results: The initial model indicated that the interaction terms for sexual minority status and sexual assault were not significantly associated with lifetime and past 30-day marijuana use. Analyses without the interaction terms suggest that students who identify as gay or lesbian, and who selected ‘I am not sure yet’ and ‘something else’ had higher odds of reporting past-30-day marijuana use than their ‘straight’ peers (OR=1.50 p<0.01 95%CI: 1.15, 1.96; OR=1.34 p<0.01 95%CI: 1.20, 1.50; OR=2.33 p<0.01 95%CI: 2.11, 2.59). Results also suggested that students who identified as gay or lesbian, bisexual, and students who selected ‘something else’ as their sexual orientation had higher odds to report lifetime marijuana use than their ‘straight’ peers (OR=1.90 p<0.01 95%CI: 1.43, 2.52; OR=1.45 p<0.05 95%CI: 1.03, 2.04; OR=1.57 p<0.01 95%CI: 1.29, 1.92). However, students who declined to respond about their sexuality are less likely to report lifetime marijuana use than their ‘straight’ peers (OR=0.82 p<0.05 95%CI: .68, .99) Additionally, students who reported sexual assault have almost six times higher odds of reporting lifetime and past-30-day and lifetime marijuana use (OR=6.68 p<0.01 95%CI: 3.99, 11.20; OR=6.03 p<0.01 95%CI: 3.80, 9.56). Overall, students who are in 11th grade, are male, and Hispanic have higher odds of reporting marijuana use. Conclusion: Overall, risks of marijuana use tend to be more pronounced among sexual minority students who have experienced sexual violence. Our findings suggest that students who identified as ‘something else’ may be at particular risk. These results are congruent with prior research on college populations that have identified undergraduate students who are bisexual and unsure of their sexual identity at heightened risk for SA. Greater efforts are needed to examine the intersection of substance use and sexual victimization and the disproportionate burden facing adolescents across multiple categories of sexual orientation.
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Ings, Welby. "Beyond the Ivory Tower: Practice-led inquiry and post-disciplinary research." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.171.

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This address considers relationships between professional and postdisciplinary practices as they relate to practice-led design research. When viewed through territorial lenses, the artefacts and systems that many designers in universities develop can be argued as hybrids because they draw into their composition and contexts, diverse disciplinary fields. Procedurally, the address moves outwards from a discussion of the manner in which disciplinary designations, that originated in the secularisation of German universities during the beginning of the nineteenth century, became the template for how much knowledge is currently processed inside the academy. The paper then examines how these demarcations of thought, that included non-classical languages and literatures, social and natural sciences and technology, were disrupted in the 1970s and 1980s, by identity-based disciplines that grew inside universities. These included women’s, lesbian and gay, and ethnic studies. However, of equal importance during this period was the arrival of professional disciplines like design, journalism, nursing, business management, and hospitality. Significantly, many of these professions brought with them values and processes associated with user-centred research. Shaped by the need to respond quickly and effectively to opportunity, practitioners were accustomed to drawing on and integrating knowledge unfettered by disciplinary or professional demarcation. For instance, if a design studio required the input of a government policymaker, a patent attorney and an engineer, it was accustomed to working flexibly with diverse realms of knowledge in the pursuit of an effective outcome. In addition, these professions also employed diverse forms of practice-led inquiry. Based on high levels of situated experimentation, active reflection, and applied professional knowing, these approaches challenged many research and disciplinary conventions within the academy. Although practice-led inquiry, argued as a form of postdisciplinarity practice, is a relatively new concept (Ings, 2019), it may be associated with Wright, Embrick and Henke’s (2015, p. 271) observation that “post-disciplinary studies emerge when scholars forget about disciplines and whether ideas can be identified with any particular one: they identify with learning rather than with disciplines”. Darbellay takes this further. He sees postdisciplinarity as an essential rethinking of the concept of a discipline. He suggests that when scholars position themselves outside of the idea of disciplines, they are able to “construct a new cognitive space, in which it is no longer merely a question of opening up disciplinary borders through degrees of interaction/integration, but of fundamentally challenging the obvious fact of disciplinarity” (2016, p. 367). These authors argue that, postdisciplinarity proposes a profound rethinking of not only knowledge, but also the structures that surround and support it in universities. In the field of design, such approaches are not unfamiliar. To illustrate how practice-led research in design may operate as a postdisciplinary inquiry, this paper employs a case study of the short film Sparrow (2017). In so doing, it unpacks the way in which knowledge from within and beyond conventionally demarcated disciplinary fields, was gathered, interpreted and creatively synthesised. Here, unconstrained by disciplinary demarcations, a designed artefact surfaced through a research fusion that integrated history, medicine, software development, public policy, poetry, typography, illustration, and film production.
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Ings, Welby. "Más allá de la Torre de Marfil: Investigación dirigida por la práctica e investigación posdisciplinaria." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.171.g319.

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Esta dirección considera las relaciones entre las prácticas profesionales y posdisciplinarias en lo que respecta a la investigación de diseño dirigida por la práctica. Cuando se ven a través de lentes territoriales, los artefactos y sistemas que desarrollan muchos diseñadores en las universidades pueden argumentarse como híbridos, porque atraen en su composición y contextos diversos campos disciplinarios. Desde el punto de vista procedimental, el discurso se mueve hacia afuera de una discusión sobre la manera en que las designaciones disciplinarias, que se originaron en la secularización de las universidades alemanas a principios del siglo XIX, se convirtieron en el modelo de cuanto conocimiento se procesa actualmente dentro de la academia. Luego, el artículo examina cómo estas demarcaciones de pensamiento, que incluían lenguas y literaturas no clásicas, ciencias sociales y naturales y tecnología, fueron interrumpidas en las décadas de 1970 y 1980 por disciplinas basadas en la identidad que crecieron dentro de las universidades. Estas incluían estudios de mujeres, lesbianas, gays y estudios étnicos. Sin embargo, de igual importancia durante este período fue la llegada de disciplinas profesionales como el diseño, el periodismo, la enfermería, la gestión empresarial y la hotelería. Es significativo que muchas de estas profesiones hayan traído consigo valores y procesos asociados con la investigación centrada en el usuario. Moldeados por la necesidad de responder rápida y eficazmente a las oportunidades, los profesionales estaban acostumbrados a aprovechar e integrar el conocimiento sin restricciones por la demarcación disciplinaria o profesional. Por ejemplo, si un estudio de diseño requería el aporte de un legislador gubernamental, un abogado de patentes y un ingeniero, estaba acostumbrado a trabajar de manera flexible con diversos ámbitos de conocimiento en la búsqueda de un resultado efectivo. Además, estas profesiones también empleaban diversas formas de indagación guiada por la práctica. Basados en altos niveles de experimentación situada, reflexión activa y conocimiento profesional aplicado, estos enfoques desafiaron muchas investigaciones y convenciones disciplinarias dentro de la academia. Aunque la investigación guiada por la práctica, argumentada como una forma de práctica posdisciplinar, es un concepto relativamente nuevo (Ings, 2019), puede asociarse con la observación de Wright, Embrick y Henke (2015, p. 271) de que “surgen estudios posdisciplinarios cuando los académicos se olvidan de las disciplinas y, si las ideas se pueden identificar con alguna en particular, se identifican con el aprendizaje más que con las disciplinas”. Darbellay va más allá. Para él, la posdisciplinariedad es un replanteamiento esencial del concepto de disciplina. Sugiere que, cuando los académicos se posicionan fuera de la idea de disciplinas, son capaces de “construir un nuevo espacio cognitivo en el que ya no se trata simplemente de abrir fronteras disciplinarias a través de grados de interacción/integración, sino de desafiar fundamentalmente el hecho evidente de la disciplina” (2016, p. 367). Estos autores sostienen que la posdisciplinariedad propone un replanteamiento profundo no solo del conocimiento, sino también de las estructuras que lo rodean y sustentan en las universidades. En el campo del diseño estos enfoques no son desconocidos. Para ilustrar cómo la investigación basada en la práctica en diseño puede operar como una investigación posdisciplinaria, este artículo emplea un estudio de caso del cortometraje Sparrow (2017). Al hacerlo, desvela la forma en que se recopiló, interpretó y sintetizó creativamente el conocimiento de dentro y más allá de los campos disciplinarios demarcados convencionalmente. Aquí, sin restricciones por demarcaciones disciplinarias, surgió un artefacto diseñado a través de una fusión de investigación que integró historia, medicina, desarrollo de software, políticas públicas, poesía, tipografía, ilustración y producción cinematográfica.
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Reports on the topic "Lesbians in literature"

1

Bolton, Laura. Donor Support for the Human Rights of LGBT+. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.100.

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This rapid review synthesises evidence on the bilateral and multilateral donors promoting and protecting the human rights of LGBT+ people on a global scale. It focusses on those donors that have policies, implementation plans and programmes on LGBT+ rights. This review also examines the evidence on the impact of their work. The bilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, +) communities in 2017-18 are the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), UK Department for International Development (DFID), The Netherlands Development Cooperation, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), and the European Commission (EC). Whilst the multilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ are the UN and World Bank. The United Nations (UN) is doing a huge amount of work on LGBT+ rights across the organisation which there was not scope to fully explore in this report. The UN Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (UNOCHR) in particular is doing a lot on this theme. They publish legal obligation information, call attention to rights abuses through general assembly resolutions. The dialogue with governments, monitor violations and support human rights treaties bodies. The work of the World Bank in this area focuses on inclusion rather than rights. A small number of projects were identified which receive funding from bilateral and multilateral donors. These were AMSHeR, International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA), and Stonewall. This rapid review focused on identifying donor support for LGBT+ rights, therefore, searches were limited to general databases and donor websites, utilising non-academic and donor literature. Much of the information comes directly from websites and these are footnoted throughout the report. Little was identified in the way of impact evaluation within the scope of this report. The majority of projects found through searches were non-governmental and so not the focus of this report.
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