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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Leptin signaling

Academic literature on the topic 'Leptin signaling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Leptin signaling"

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Panić, Anastasija, Sanja Soskić, and Esma Isenović. "Leptin and its mechanism of action." Medicinska istrazivanja 49, no. 3 (2015): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/medist1502036p.

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Leptin is a hormone produced by the adipose tissue, which has effects on the central nervous system. Leptin is bound to its Ob receptor on hypo-thalamic neurons to inhibit feeding behavior and to increase sympathetically-mediated thermogenesis. In addition to anorexia and thermogenesis, leptin also has direct peripheral and central nervous system-mediated effects on the endocrine, vascular, hematopoietc, immune and musculoskeletal systems. Leptin accomplishes its effects using distributed network of leptin receptors and differential molecular signaling pathways. Leptinemia is increased in obesity because of increased adipocyte mass, but obese subjects exhibit resistance to the anorexic and metabolic effects of leptin. However, multiple studies have shown that leptin can increase sympathetic nerve activity to non-thermogenic tissues in rodents causing obesity-related hypertension. One potential explanation of this paradox is selective leptin resistance. Compared with large and persuasive number of studies on the sympathetic and blood pressure effects of leptin in experimental animals, relatively little attention was given to these effects of leptin in humans. This review article presents recent findings related to leptin and its mechanism of action, and also the role of leptin in patophysiological conditions.

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Ahima, Rexford S., and Suzette Y. Osei. "Leptin signaling." Physiology & Behavior 81, no. 2 (April 2004): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.014.

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Zhou, Yingjiang, and Liangyou Rui. "Leptin signaling and leptin resistance." Frontiers of Medicine 7, no. 2 (April 12, 2013): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11684-013-0263-5.

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Wauman, Joris. "Leptin receptor signaling: pathways to leptin resistance." Frontiers in Bioscience 16, no. 1 (2011): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/3885.

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Yang, Ronghua, and Lili A. Barouch. "Leptin Signaling and Obesity." Circulation Research 101, no. 6 (September 14, 2007): 545–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.107.156596.

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Foley, J. F. "ROCK Mediates Leptin Signaling." Science Signaling 5, no. 244 (October 2, 2012): ec254-ec254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.2003656.

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Tian, Hai-feng, Qiao-mu Hu, Yan Meng, and Han-bing Xiao. "Molecular cloning, characterization and evolutionary analysis of leptin gene in Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus." Open Life Sciences 12, no. 1 (November 23, 2017): 406–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2017-0048.

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AbstractLeptin is an important hormone possessing diverse physiological roles in mammals and teleosts. However, it has been characterized only in a few amphibian species, and its evolutions are still under debate. Here, the full length of the leptin (Adlep) cDNA of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus), an early diverging amphibian species, is characterized and according to the results of the primary sequence analysis, tertiary structure reconstruction and phylogenetic analysis is confirmed to be an ortholog of mammalian leptin. An intron was identified between the coding exons of A. davidianus leptin, which indicated that the leptin is present in the salamander genome and contains a conserved gene structure in vertebrates. Adlep is widely distributed but expression levels vary among different tissues, with highest expression levels in the muscle. Additionally, the leptin receptor and other genes were mapped to three known leptin signaling pathways, suggesting that the leptin signaling pathways are present in A. davidianus. Phylogenetic topology of leptins are consistent with the generally accepted evolutionary relationships of vertebrates, and multiple leptin members found in teleosts seem to be obtained through a Cluopeocephala-specific gene duplication event. Our results will lay a foundation for further investigations into the physiological roles of leptin in A. davidianus.

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Saranac, Ljiljana, Bojko Bjelakovic, Hristina Stamenkovic, and Borislav Kamenov. "Orexitropic Signaling Proteins in Obese Children." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.218.

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Adipose tissue is not only the main organ for energy storage, but it also has endocrine properties, producing “adipokines” responsible for energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. Leptin, produced by adipocytes, is the key hormone in appetite regulation and suppression of orexigenic, hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY). We wanted to establish and compare levels of leptin and NPY in different obesity types in childhood, and to investigate their correlations with auxological parameters. Twenty-one obese children (seven girls and 14 boys), divided into two groups, were compared with 14 controls. The mean age of the study group was 10.81 ± 3.69 years and the mean puberty stage was 2.21. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 32.80 kg/m2(range 23.30– 47.02) and the mean overweight 30.73 kg (range 8.00–74.00). The mean leptin level was higher in boys and in the group with central obesity, but was not significant. Leptin/NPY ratio and leptin/BMI ratio was also higher in the central obesity group and there was a more significant difference compared with controls. We found significant correlation of the leptin level with body mass (BM), body mass excess (BME), and BMI (p < 0.05). The mean leptin level in obese children was very high (36.39 ng/ml). Leptin and NPY levels showed inverse values in two different obesity types. Results are suggestive for leptin resistance rather than leptin deficiency in our group of obese children. Orexitropic signaling proteins correlated significantly with auxological parameters. Determination of the leptin and NPY concentrations provided evidence that obesity represents disease with neuroendocrine dysfunction and high leptin/NPY ratio, which could be a useful marker for central obesity.

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Metlakunta, Anantha S., Maitrayee Sahu, Hideo Yasukawa, Sandeep S. Dhillon, Denise D. Belsham, Akihiko Yoshimura, and Abhiram Sahu. "Neuronal suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 deficiency enhances hypothalamic leptin-dependent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 300, no. 5 (May 2011): R1185—R1193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00794.2010.

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Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) is thought to be involved in the development of central leptin resistance and obesity by inhibiting STAT3 pathway. Because phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays an important role in transducing leptin action in the hypothalamus, we examined whether SOCS3 exerted an inhibition on this pathway. We first determined whether leptin sensitivity in the hypothalamic PI3K pathway was increased in brain-specific Socs3-deficient (NesKO) mice. In NesKO mice, hypothalamic insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1)-associated PI3K activity was significantly increased at 30 min and remained elevated up to 2 h after leptin intraperitoneal injection, but in wild-type (WT) littermates, the significant increase was only at 30 min. Hypothalamic p-STAT3 levels were increased up to 5 h in NesKO as opposed to 2 h in WT mice. In food-restricted WT mice with reduced body weight, leptin increased hypothalamic PI3K activity only at 30 min, and p-STAT3 levels at 30–120 min postinjection. These results suggest increased leptin sensitivity in both PI3K and STAT3 pathways in the hypothalamus of NesKO mice, which was not due to a lean phenotype. In the next experiment with a clonal hypothalamic neuronal cell line expressing proopiomelanocortin, we observed that whereas leptin significantly increased IRS1-associated PI3K activity and p-JAK2 levels in cells transfected with control vector, it failed to do so in SOCS3-overexpressed cells. Altogether, these results imply a SOCS3 inhibition of the PI3K pathway of leptin signaling in the hypothalamus, which may be one of the mechanisms behind the development of central leptin resistance and obesity.

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Groba, Claudia, Steffen Mayerl, Alies A. van Mullem, Theo J. Visser, Veerle M. Darras, Andreas J. Habenicht, and Heike Heuer. "Hypothyroidism Compromises Hypothalamic Leptin Signaling in Mice." Molecular Endocrinology 27, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2012-1311.

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Abstract The impact of thyroid hormone (TH) on metabolism and energy expenditure is well established, but the role of TH in regulating nutritional sensing, particularly in the central nervous system, is only poorly defined. Here, we studied the consequences of hypothyroidism on leptin production as well as leptin sensing in congenital hypothyroid TRH receptor 1 knockout (Trhr1 ko) mice and euthyroid control animals. Hypothyroid mice exhibited decreased circulating leptin levels due to a decrease in fat mass and reduced leptin expression in white adipose tissue. In neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, hypothyroid mice showed increased leptin receptor Ob-R expression and decreased suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 transcript levels. In order to monitor putative changes in central leptin sensing, we generated hypothyroid and leptin-deficient animals by crossing hypothyroid Trhr1 ko mice with the leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Hypothyroid Trhr1/ob double knockout mice showed a blunted response to leptin treatment with respect to body weight and food intake and exhibited a decreased activation of phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 as well as a up-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 upon leptin treatment, particularly in the arcuate nucleus. These data indicate alterations in the intracellular processing of the leptin signal under hypothyroid conditions and thereby unravel a novel mode of action by which TH affects energy metabolism.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Leptin signaling"

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Buo, Carrie L. "ON LEPTIN AND LEARNING: INVESTIGATING THE INTERACTION OF LEPTINA SIGNALING AND LEARNING IN ZEBRAFISH." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron162428966535721.

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Vauthier, Virginie. "Etude des Endospanines, une nouvelle famille de protéines régulatrices des fonctions du récepteur de la leptine." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T097.

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Le traitement de l’obésité est devenu un problème majeur de santé publique aussi bien dans les pays industrialisés que dans les pays en voie de développement. La leptine est une hormone clé dans le contrôle de l’homéostasie énergétique et glucidique en agissant au niveau du noyau arqué de l’hypothalamus (ARC). La résistance à la leptine au niveau de ce noyau hypothalamique contribue au développement de l’obésité. Par conséquent, prévenir son installation et lever cette résistance constitue un enjeu thérapeutique majeur. Notre laboratoire à récemment mis en évidence que la protéine Endospanine 1 est un régulateur négatif des fonctions du récepteur de la leptine (OB-R). En effet, cette protéine, exprimée à partir du même gène qu’OB-R, est capable d’interagir avec ce récepteur et de le retenir dans le compartiment intracellulaire. L’extinction d’Endospanine 1 spécifiquement au niveau de l’ARC prévient l’installation d’une obésité induite par un régime gras. Ces données démontrent donc, in vivo, l’importance de cette protéine dans la régulation des fonctions d’OB-R. Suite a ces résultats prometteurs, l’objectif premier de ma thèse a été d’approfondir nos connaissances sur le rôle joué, in vitro et in vivo, par Endospanine 1, ainsi que par son homologue Endospanine 2, dans la régulation des fonctions d’OB-R. Le second objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d’identifier de nouveaux composés capables de sensibiliser la réponse à la leptine chez les individus obèses. Ce travail a permis de montré que des souris rendues obèses par un régime gras présentaient une surexpression d’Endospanine 1 dans l’ARC suggérant ainsi une potentielle implication de cette protéine dans le développement de la résistance à la leptine. D’autre part, nous avons démontré que l’extinction d’Endospanine 1, dans l’ARC, permet de prévenir l’installation d’une obésité et de la corriger chez des souris obèses et conduit à une altération de la sécrétion d’insuline par le pancréas. Cet effet double sur le poids corporel et sur la glycémie pourrait être expliqué par l’effet différentiel de l’extinction d’Endospanine 1 sur l’activation des voies STAT3 et PI3K/AKT. En effet, en absence d’Endospanine 1 la voie STAT3 est suractivée tandis que la voie PI3K est inhibée. De façon surprenante, l’extinction d’Endospanine 2, second membre de la famille des Endospanines, inhibe de façon drastique l’activation de la voie STAT3 suggérant que ces protéines pourraient jouer des rôles différents dans la régulation des fonctions d’OB-R. Ce travail a également permis de décrire, pour la première fois, les conséquences d’une déficience en Endospanine 1 chez l’Homme. Nos données suggèrent qu’Endospanine 1 ne régule pas les fonctions d’autres protéines, définissant ainsi Endospanine 1 comme une cible thérapeutique hautement spécifique dans la correction de la signalisation leptine.La dernière partie de cette étude a consisté en l’identification de nouveaux composés capables d’activer OB-R ou d’augmenter son expression de surface. Deux tests de criblages ont permis d’identifier de telles molécules. Après validation et caractérisation, de tels composés pourraient être utilisés comme outils thérapeutique afin de restaurer la sensibilité à la leptine perdue chez les individus obèses
Obesity is one of the greatest current public health challenges, not only in industrialized countries but also in developing countries. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) is a major integration centre for energy and glucose homeostasis that responds to peripheral hormones such as leptin. Resistance to leptin in the ARC is an important component of obesity development and its prevention or reversal represents a major therapeutic goal. Our laboratory recently described endospanin 1 as a negative regulator of the leptin receptor (OB-R) that by interacting with OB-R retains the receptor inside the cell. Interestingly, both proteins are expressed from the same promoter. Silencing of endospanin 1 in the ARC prevented the development of diet-induced obesity demonstrating the importance of this protein on OB-R in vivo function.Based on these encouraging findings the first aim of this thesis was to extend our understanding of the in vitro and in vivo role of endospanin 1 and its homologue, endospanin 2, on OB-R function. The second aim consisted in the identification of chemical compounds able to sensitize the leptin response in obese patients. We show here that endospanin 1 is up-regulated in the ARC of obese mice suggesting a potential contribution of this protein to the development of leptin resistance. Its silencing in the ARC of naïve and obese mice reverses obesity development and impairs pancreatic insulin secretion. This dual effect correlates with the differential effect of endospanin 1 on OB-R signaling, inhibition of the STAT3 pathway and activation of the AKT pathway. Intriguingly, endospanin 2, the second member of the endospanin family, promotes efficient STAT3 activation suggesting differential roles of both endospanins on OB-R function.We characterized an obese patient carrying a homozygous deletion in the chromosomal 1p31.3 region coding for endospanin 1. This is the first report defining the consequences of endospanin 1-deficiency in humans. Our data suggest that endospanin 1 has no major OB-R-independent functions thus defining endospanin 1 as an attractive and highly specific therapeutic target for the improvement of impaired leptin signaling.In the last part of the thesis two screening assays were developed to identify compounds that either activate OB-R or promote its cell surface expression. Primary screens were successfully performed for both assays and positive hits identified. Validated hits might be useful to resensitize the impaired leptin response in obese patients

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Dupuis, Lisa. "Molecular mechanisms of leptin receptor signaling in ovarian granulosa cells." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114600.

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Extreme deviations from what is considered normal body weight, from anorexia to obesity, have been linked to reduced reproductive function in females. Discovered in 1994, leptin is a signaling hormone released from adipose tissue to mediate satiety effects in the hypothalamus. Leptin secretion is directly proportional to amount of body fat and evidence has accumulated that leptin and its receptor (Lepr) are found in a variety of tissues including granulosa cells (GCs) of the ovary. Thus, leptin through its receptor may play a role in reproductive function in females. Many studies have examined the effects of Lepr in GCs and the ovary, however the results are contradictory and all have been in vitro. Here we present the first in vivo study to examine the role of Lepr in GCs during follicular development and ovulation. Immature superovulated mice were used in all studies and GCs collected by follicle puncture. We first determined the expression profiles of Lepr isoforms (LeprA, LeprB) during follicular and luteal development along with leptin-related signaling molecules and targets. We also analyzed transcription factors potentially regulating Lepr expression in GCs. To examine the response of GCs to leptin in vivo, leptin hormone was administered at various times of follicular and luteal development. Lastly, we blocked Lepr action using a Lepr antagonist (SMLA) and determined its effects on ovulation. LeprA and LeprB were upregulated at 4h post- human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) with LeprA being the most abundant isoform showing a 23-fold increase from 0 to 4h post-hCG. Leptin was upregulated at the same time and Lepr signaling molecules: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3), were upregulated just after Lepr induction at 7 and 12h post-hCG, respectively. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (Cebpb), which was induced at 1h post-hCG, was shown to associate with the Lepr promoter and thus regulate Lepr expression. Early growth response protein 1 (Egr1) protein and mRNA data revealed it to be another potential regulatory transcription factor with upregulation at 1h post-hCG, just prior to Lepr upregulation. Thus, the mRNA profiles of genes examined provide evidence of a role for Lepr during the periovulatory period. This was further confirmed as the in vivo response of GCs to a physiological dose of leptin was enhanced at 6h post-hCG evidenced by phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (Mapk) and Stat3 proteins; however showed no change during the early follicular or luteal periods. Leptin treatment also increased expression of ovulation genes: a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 (Adamts1), programmed cell death 1 (Pdcd1), and Egr1. Antagonizing Lepr action reduced ovulation rate by 60% in SMLA-treated animals. This reduction appeared, at least in part, to be due to deregulated gene expression of Adamts10, Adamts19, Hyaluronan synthase 2 (Has2), amphiregulin (Areg), Pentraxin-related protein (Ptx3), and Forkhead box protein O1 (Foxo1). Overall, the results of this study provide molecular mechanisms for Lepr induction and signaling in GCs. In addition, it provides evidence that leptin and Lepr play a positive role during ovulation and are thus essential for optimal female fertility.
Les écarts extrêmes de poids par rapport à ce qui est considéré comme un poids normal, telles que l'anorexie et l'obésité, sont liées à des problèmes de la fonction reproductrice chez la femme. Découverte en 1994, la leptine est une hormone sécrétée par le tissu adipeux dans le but d'informer l'hypothalamus sur l'état de satiété de l'organisme. La libération de leptine est directement proportionnelle à la quantité de tissu adipeux et la présence de l'hormone et de son récepteur (Lepr) a été montrée dans différents tissus incluant les cellules de la granulosa des ovaires. Par conséquent, la leptine, via son récepteur, joue un rôle dans la fonction reproductrice de la femme. De nombreuses études ont étudié les effets de Lepr dans les cellules de la granulosa et dans l'ovaire, mais elles ont toutes été réalisées in vitro et les résultats sont contradictoires. Nous présentons ici la première étude in vivo dans le but d'examiner le rôle de Lepr dans les cellules de la granulosa pendant le développement folliculaire et l'ovulation. Des souris immature produisant un grand nombre d'ovocytes ont été utilisées dans toutes nos expériences et les cellules de la granulosa ont été collectées par ponction folliculaire. Les profils d'expression des isoformes de Lepr (LeprA et LeprB) durant les développements folliculaire et lutéal ont été d'abord déterminés, ainsi que ceux des molécules de la voie de signalisation de la leptine et leurs cibles. Les facteurs de transcription régulant potentiellement l'expression de Lepr dans les cellules de la granulosa ont aussi été analysés. Pour évaluer la réponse des cellules de la granulosa à la leptine in vivo, l'hormone leptine a été administrée à différents moments des développements folliculaire et lutéal. Enfin, le récepteur Lepr a été bloqué grâce à l'utilisation d'un antagoniste de Lepr (SMLA) et les effets de ce blocage sur l'ovulation ont été analysés. L'expression de LeprA et LeprB ont augmenté 4h après administration d'hCG, LeprA étant l'isoforme la plus abondante et présentant une expression 23 fois plus importante de 0 à 4h post-hCG. L'expression de la leptine a augmenté durant le même temps ainsi que celle des molécules de la voie de signalisation de Lepr, Stat3 et Socs3, juste après l'induction de Lepr, respectivement 7h et 12h post-hCG. Cebpb, qui a été induit 1h post-hCG, a été identifié comme étant associé au promoteur de Lepr et donc comme étant un régulateur de l'expression de Lepr. Les données concernant la protéine Egr1 et ses ARNm suggèrent qu'il peut s'agir d'un autre potentiel facteur de transcription régulant l'expression de Lepr, notamment en raison d'une augmentation de son expression 1h post-hCG, juste avant l'augmentation de l'expression de Lepr. Les profils d'ARNm des gènes examinés ont donc fourni la preuve du rôle de Lepr durant la période périovulatoire. Ceci a été ensuite confirmé par l'augmentation de la réponse des cellules de la granulosa in vivo suite à une dose physiologique de leptine 6h post-hCG , mise en évidence par la phosphorylation des protéines Mapk et Stat3. Le traitement avec la leptine a aussi accru l'expression des gènes impliqués dans l'ovulation Adamts1, Pdcd1 et Egr1. Le blocage de l'action de Lepr a réduit le taux d'ovulation de 60% chez les animaux traités avec SMLA. Cette réduction apparaît être due, au moins en partie, à la dérégulation de l'expression des gènes de Adamts10, Adamts19, Has2, Areg, Ptx3, et Foxo1. En conclusion, les résultats de cette étude éclairent les mécanismes moléculaires de l'induction du récepteur Lepr ainsi que de la voie de signalisation qui lui est associée dans les cellules de la granulosa. Pour finir, cette étude fournit des preuves concernant le rôle positif joué par la leptine et Lepr durant l'ovulation, ce qui est essentiel pour optimiser la fertilité de la femme.

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Ramirez, Oscar. "Implication for the role leptin-induced signaling as a negative regulator of dendritic cell function." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Vaughan, Tamisha Y. "Novel Mechanisms Underlying the Inflammatory Effects of Leptin and Low Dose Endotoxin." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28013.

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Obesity over the last several has become a major health concern in our country as well as the world. Obesity is also one of the risk factors which lead to several inflammatory complications such as diabetes, artherosclerosis, etc. Two leading factors involved in the causes of inflammatory complications include leptin and low dose endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the mechanism underlying the involvement of these two mediators is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanism underlying inflammatory complications caused by leptin and low dose endotoxin most recently coined metabolic endotoxemia. Interleukin-Receptor Associated Kinase 1 (IRAK-1) is an intracellular signaling component shown to activate NFÎºB which leads to the induction of proinflammatory mediators. Deletion of IRAK-1 in mice has beneficial effects in alleviating inflammatory complications and human variations in IRAK-1 gene are correlated with higher risks for inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that IRAK-1 is critically involved for the induction of proinflammatory mediators induced by leptin and low dose LPS. IL-6 mRNA levels were measured in THP-1 (human monocytic cells) and wild type and IRAK-deficient bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) challenged with different combinations of leptin and LPS. Data shows that leptin alone will not induce inflammatory mediators. However, increased induction of IL-6 was observed in a synergistic manner involving both LPS and leptin in an IRAK-1 dependent manner causing a robust inflammatory response. With regard to the effect of low dose LPS, we observed that human monocytic cells treated with low concentrations of LPS showed a mild yet sustained induction of proinflammatory cytokines, which is contrast to the robust and transient induction of cytokines by a high dose LPS. To further determine the molecular mechanisms, we measured several key signaling molecules that include IRAK-1, IKKepsilon, and C/EBPdelta. Our study revealed a novel mechanism that appears to be distinct from the traditional NFï «B pathway responsible for the effect of low dose LPS.
Ph. D.

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Dalman, Mark R. "Characterization of Leptin Signaling in the Developing Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Using Molecular, Physiological, and Bioinformatic Approaches." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1418039468.

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Kuri, Rodríguez Paola Sofía [Verfasser], and Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Leptin. "Teleost fish models for the in vivo study of inflammasome signaling / Paola Sofía Kuri Rodríguez ; Betreuer: Maria Leptin." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1178008215/34.

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Schumacher, Michael Andrew. "Placental Signaling Mechanisms Linking Maternal Obesity, High-Fat Diet, and Adiponectin Levels During Pregnancy to Fetal Overgrowth." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243013168.

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Faßhauer, Martin [Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Buettner, Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Raddatz, and Blanche [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwappach. "The role of leptin and insulin signaling in the hypothalamic control of liver metabolism / Martin Faßhauer. Gutachter: Dirk Raddatz ; Blanche Schwappach. Betreuer: Christoph Buettner." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044870028/34.

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Ronveaux, Charlotte. "Mécanisme des hormones anorexigènes régulant la prise alimentaire au niveau du nerf vague." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0002/document.

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Le tractus gastro-intestinal, interface initiale pour la détection, la digestion et l'absorption des nutriments, joue un rôle critique dans la régulation de l'homéostasie énergétique. Les signaux qui proviennent du tractus gastro-intestinal sont nécessaires au contrôle de la fonction intestinale et de la régulation de la prise alimentaire. Les neurones afférents vagaux (NAV) sont une voie importante via laquelle les informations sur les nutriments ingérés atteignent le système nerveux central pour influencer ces deux fonctions. Les NAVs expriment les récepteurs pour la plupart des peptides régulateurs libérés par l'intestin impliqués dans la régulation de la prise alimentaire et du poids corporel. Cette thèse porte sur le rôle de deux peptides de l'intestin, la leptine et le glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), qui agissent au niveau des NAVs pour inhiber la prise alimentaire. Tout d'abord, nous expliquons le mécanisme d'action du GLP-1 sur les NAVs. La satiété induite par le GLP-1 nécessite un état post-prandial ; les données confirment que le statut nutritionnel régule la localisation du GLP-1R du cytoplasme vers la membrane des cellules neuronales. De plus, la ghréline et son récepteur GHSR1, exprimés par les NAVs, sont impliqués dans la régulation de la translocation du GLP-1R. Deuxièmement, ’utilisation de souris knockout pour le recepteur a la leptine sur les NAVs nous a permis de montrer l’importance de ce recepteur dans la physiopathologie de l’obésité et de l’hyperhagie. En effet, ces souris KO présentent un phénotype obésogène. L'obésité et ses conséquences sur la santé sont des problèmes majeurs de santé dans le monde entier. Les traitements efficaces de prévention ou de l'obésité sont limités. Nos résultats ont apporté des connaissances sur le mécanisme du GLP-1 et sur la signalisation de la leptine au niveau es NAVs. Comprendre la physiologie de la régulation de la prise alimentation est impératif dans le développement des traitements non-invasifs contre l’obésité
As the initial interface for nutrient sensing, digestion and absorption, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a critical role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Information that arises from the GI tract is key to normal physiological responses controlling gut function and regulating food intake. Vagal afferent neurons (VAN) are a major pathway by which information about ingested nutrients reaches the central nervous system to influence GI function and food intake behavior. VAN express receptors for many of the regulatory peptides released from the gut that are involved in regulation of food intake and body weight. This dissertation addresses the role of two gut peptides, leptin and glucagon-like peptide-1, acting at the level of VAN, to inhibit food intake. First, the mechanism of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on VAN is addressed. GLP-1-induced satiation requires a postprandial state; the data support that feeding changes the localization of GLP-1Rs from the cytoplasm to the neuronal cell membrane. Further, ghrelin and its receptor GHSR1 expressed by VAN is involved in regulating GLP-1 receptor translocation. Second, the importance of leptin receptor expression by VAN in the development of hyperphagia and obesity was demonstrated by selective knockout of the leptin receptor (LepR) in VAN; mice express an obesogenic phenotype. Obesity and its resultant health consequences are a major worldwide health problem. Effective or preventative treatments for obesity are limited. Our findings have filled the gap in our knowledge of the mechanism of GLP-1 and leptin signaling on VAN. Understanding the physiology regulating feeding behavior is imperative in developing non-invasive anti-obesity treatments

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Book chapters on the topic "Leptin signaling"

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Zabeau, Lennart, Frank Peelman, and Jan Tavernier. "Leptin and Leptin Receptor." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 2839–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101679.

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Zabeau, Lennart, Frank Peelman, and Jan Tavernier. "Leptin and Leptin Receptor." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_101679-1.

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Liu, Jiarui, Xiaoning Yang, Siwang Yu, and Ruimao Zheng. "The Leptin Signaling." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 123–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1286-1_7.

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Shimizu, Hiroyuki. "Leptin Signaling Pathway." In Signal Transduction: Pathways, Mechanisms and Diseases, 143–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02112-1_8.

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Münzberg, Heike. "Leptin-Signaling Pathways and Leptin Resistance." In Frontiers in Eating and Weight Regulation, 123–32. Basel: KARGER, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000264400.

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Gouilleux, Fabrice. "Erythropoietin, Thrombopoietin and Leptin Receptors." In Hormone Signaling, 145–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3600-7_8.

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Karmazyn, Morris, Daniel M. Purdham, Venkatesh Rajapurohitam, and Asad Zeidan. "Leptin Signaling in the Cardiovascular System." In Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System in Health and Disease, 377–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09552-3_20.

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Barrios, Vicente, Emma Burgos-Ramos, and Jesús Argente. "Insulin-Leptin Signaling in the Brain." In Metabolic Syndrome and Neurological Disorders, 75–84. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118395318.ch4.

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Saxena, Neeraj K., and Dipali Sharma. "Leptin-Signaling Pathways as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer." In Adipocytokines, Energy Balance, and Cancer, 67–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41677-9_4.

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Gómez, Rodolfo, Javier Conde, Morena Scotece, and Oreste Gualillo. "Chapter 3. One Receptor for Multiple Pathways: Focus on Leptin Signaling." In Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling, 44–56. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849733434-00044.

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Conference papers on the topic "Leptin signaling"

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Battle, Monica, Corey Gillespie, Tanisha McGlothen, Marta Torroella-Kouri, and Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez. "Abstract 1400: Obesity induced leptin-notch signaling axis in breast cancer." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-1400.

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Endo, Hiroki, Kunihiro Hosono, Takashi Uchiyama, Hirokazu Takahashi, Masahiko Inamori, and Atsushi Nakajima. "Abstract 2479: Leptin signaling regulates colorectal tumor growth through Stat3 signaling: Tumor growth induced by dietary intake." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-2479.

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McGlothen, TZ, C. Gillespie, L. Colbert, D. Blaylock-Hogans, S. Guo, and Perez RR Gonzalez-. "P5-06-10: Leptin Signaling Impacts Notch and Wnt Crosstalk in Breast Cancer." In Abstracts: Thirty-Fourth Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 6‐10, 2011; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p5-06-10.

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Lipsey, Crystal C., Adriana Harbuzariu, Courtney Dill, and Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez. "Abstract B96: Tackling obesity-related cancer health disparity, new inhibitors of leptin signaling." In Abstracts: Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, Georgia. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp15-b96.

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Guo, Shanchun, Miles Fuller, and Ruben R. Gonzalez-Perez. "Abstract LB-365: Regulation of VEGFR-2 by leptin-Notch signaling crosstalk in mammary cancer cells." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-lb-365.

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Souza Torsoni, Adriana, and Debora Cristina Gustavo VitorÉli. "IMPLICATIONS OF MATERNAL HIGH-FAT DIET ON CENTRAL LEPTIN SIGNALING IN NEWLY WEANED OFFSPRING OF MICE." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-37181.

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Chang, MC, M. Ennis, RJO Dowling, V. Stambolic, and PJ Goodwin. "Abstract P6-02-03: Leptin receptor (OB-R) in breast carcinoma tissue: Ubiquitous expression and correlation with leptin-mediated signaling, but not with systemic markers of obesity." In Abstracts: 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 6-10, 2016; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-02-03.

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Talati, M., N. Fortune, E. Hornsby, J. D. West, and A. Hemnes. "Leptin Modulates Insulin Signaling Protein Intermediates Involved in Fatty Acid Metabolism in Cultured Cardiomyocytes with BMPR2 Mutation." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2798.

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Gillespie, Corey, Shanchun Guo, Weiqiang Zhou, and Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. "Abstract 825: Leptin signaling disruption prevents DMBA-induced mammary tumors in lean and diet-induced-obesity (DIO) mice." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-825.

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Watanabe, K., M. Suzukawa, K. Kobayashi, H. Tashimo, A. Hebisawa, S. Tohma, T. Nagase, and K. Ohta. "Leptin Enhances Inflammatory Mediator Production by Normal Human Lung Fibroblasts Via the Leptin Receptor, P38 MAPK and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway and May Contribute to Worsening of Asthma in Obesity." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4425.

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Reports on the topic "Leptin signaling"

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Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.

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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.

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