Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lepidopteran hosts

Academic literature on the topic 'Lepidopteran hosts'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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Shrestha, Bhushan, Eiji Tanaka, Min Woo Hyun, Jae-Gu Han, Chang Sun Kim, Jong Won Jo, Sang-Kuk Han, Junsang Oh, and Gi-Ho Sung. "Coleopteran and Lepidopteran Hosts of the Entomopathogenic Genus Cordyceps sensu lato." Journal of Mycology 2016 (February 22, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7648219.

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Entomophthoralean and ascomycetous fungi are the two major groups known to parasitize arthropods in almost every terrestrial habitat of the earth. Within Ascomycota, Cordyceps sensu lato is a large genus with more than 400 spp. described on numerous orders of Arthropoda. Among the hosts of Cordyceps, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera are the two major orders. Out of the estimated 200 Cordyceps spp. recorded on coleopteran and lepidopteran hosts, we have documented 92 spp. based on the available information of their host species. Among coleopteran hosts, Scarabaeidae and Elateridae are the two major families. Similarly, among lepidopterans, Hepialidae is the largest host family. Cordyceps militaris shows the widest host range, extending to 2 orders, 13 families, and 32 spp. We hope such accumulative work will be useful as a quick reference for interested biologists, forest ecologists, biocontrol researchers, and fungal and insect taxonomists to apprehend host range and host specificities of Cordyceps fungi.
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Gasmi, Laila, Edyta Sieminska, Shohei Okuno, Rie Ohta, Cathy Coutu, Mohammad Vatanparast, Stephanie Harris, et al. "Horizontally transmitted parasitoid killing factor shapes insect defense to parasitoids." Science 373, no. 6554 (July 29, 2021): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb6396.

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Interkingdom competition occurs between hymenopteran parasitoids and insect viruses sharing the same insect hosts. It has been assumed that parasitoid larvae die with the death of the infected host or as result of competition for host resources. Here we describe a gene family, parasitoid killing factor (pkf), that encodes proteins toxic to parasitoids of the Microgastrinae group and determines parasitism success. Pkfs are found in several entomopathogenic DNA virus families and in some lepidopteran genomes. We provide evidence of equivalent and specific toxicity against endoparasites for PKFs found in entomopoxvirus, ascovirus, baculovirus, and Lepidoptera through a mechanism that elicits apoptosis in the cells of susceptible parasitoids. This highlights the evolutionary arms race between parasitoids, viruses, and their insect hosts.
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Gudin, Filipe Macedo, and Isabela Maciel Monteiro Carneiro. "An overview of hosts of the New World genus Leschenaultia (Diptera: Tachinidae), with a new record for L. bicolor in Halysidota pearsoni (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Brazil." Canadian Entomologist 152, no. 6 (September 8, 2020): 734–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2020.46.

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AbstractSpecimens of the New World genus Leschenaultia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitise a wide range of lepidopteran hosts, including economically important pests. The female flies are attracted to volatile compounds released by host plants in response to the herbivory of caterpillars. They deposit microtype eggs on the leaves, which are then ingested by the hosts. We record a new host for L. bicolor (Macquart), obtained from Halysidota pearsoni Watson (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The record is described herein and a comparative diagnosis for the identification of this parasitoid is provided, with discussion on similar species of the genus. The male and female terminalia of L. bicolor are fully described and illustrated for the first time. We also review and update the host records for Leschenaultia in an annotated host catalogue. At least nine species of Leschenaultia are recorded from 53 species of Lepidoptera, including the families Apatelodidae, Erebidae, Lasiocampidae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Saturniidae, and Sphingidae. Finally, we provide an overview of host use and host associations.
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Querino, Ranyse Barboa, Nadja Nara Pereira da Silva, and Roberto Antonio Zucchi. "Natural parasitism by Trichogramma spp. in agroecosystems of the Mid-North, Brazil." Ciência Rural 46, no. 9 (May 17, 2016): 1521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20151352.

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ABSTRACT: The micro-hymenopterans of genus Trichogramma are eggs parasitoids used in the biological control of lepidopteran pests. The objectives of this study was to record the interaction of species of Trichogramma and their hosts on crops in the Mid-North, in the states of Maranhão and Piauí, Brazil. Lepidopteran eggs were sampled on crops and non-crops. Trichogramma atopovirilia , T. manicobai , T. galloi and T. pretiosum occur naturally in eggs of eight lepidopteran species. Natural parasitism shown by Trichogramma species reveals the importance of these parasitoids as agents for biological control in the Mid-North region.
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Hiroyoshi, Satoshi, Jeffrey A. Harvey, Yutaka Nakamatsu, Hisashi Nemoto, Jun Mitsuhashi, Takayuki Mitsunaga, and Toshiharu Tanaka. "Potential Host Range of the Larval Endoparasitoid Cotesia vestalis (=plutellae) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." International Journal of Insect Science 9 (January 1, 2017): 117954331771562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179543317715623.

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Many parasitoid wasps are highly specialized in nature, attacking only one or a few species of hosts. Host range is often determined by a range of biological and ecological characteristics of the host including diet, growth potential, immunity, and phylogeny. The solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis, mainly parasitizes diamondback moth (DBM) larvae in the field, although it has been reported that to possess a relatively wide lepidopteran host range. To better understand the biology of C vestalis as a potential biological control of hosts other than the DBM, it is necessary to determine suitability for potential hosts. In this study, the potential host range of the wasp and its developmental capacity in each host larva were examined under laboratory conditions using 27 lepidopteran species from 10 families. The wasp was able to parasitize 15 of the 27 species successfully. Some host species were not able to exclude C vestalis via their internal physiological defenses. When parasitization was unsuccessful, most hosts killed the parasitoid at the egg stage or early first-instar stage using encapsulation, but some host species disturbed the development of the parasitoid at various stages. No phylogenetic relationships were found among suitable and unsuitable hosts, revealing that host range in some endoparasitoids is not constrained by relatedness among hosts based on immunity.
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Massarolli, Angélica, Ana Regina Lucena Hoffmann, Bruna Magda Favetti, and Alessandra Regina Butnariu. "Ichneumonids (Hymenoptera) and Tachinid Flies (Diptera) Associated to Leptidopterans in Soybean Crops." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 7 (June 8, 2018): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n7p167.

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Studies on natural enemies are important to find new species and to develop management strategies to preserve them to help control pests in biological control programs. For the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, which comprises the Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal biomes, few studies have been conducted on the diversity of these parasitoids, possible endemic and/or new species, as well as their potential as natural enemies. Thus, the present study was aimed at describing the diversity of parasitoids of the families Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) and Tachinidae (Diptera) associated with pest lepidopterans in soybean crops. Weekly sampling of pest lepidopterans was carried out during four soybean seasons (2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013). Parasitoid larvae were observed in the main lepidopteran pest species of soybean during the four soybean seasons. Three genera of the Ichneumonidae family, belonging to the genera Microcharops Roman, Ophionellus Westwood, and Podogaster Brullé. Six genera of the Tachinidae family occur in the state of Mato Grosso in soybean fields. The following genera were recorded: Archytas spp. Jaennicke, Phorocera spp. Robineau-Desvoidy, Gymnocarcelia spp. Townsend, Lespesia spp. Robineau-Desvoidy, Eucelatoria spp. Townsend, Chetogena spp. Rondani. These parasitoids were found parasitizing caterpillars of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera), in species that had not yet been reported as hosts for the Neotropical region. Further studies are needed on the beneficial entomofauna and their preservation in agricultural environments.
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Barrett, J. W., T. R. Ladd, M. J. Primavera, A. Retnakaran, S. S. Sohi, and S. R. Palli. "NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS PATHOLOGY IN SPRUCE BUDWORM LARVAE." Canadian Entomologist 132, no. 5 (October 2000): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent132581-5.

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AbstractChoristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (CfMNPV) expressing green fluorescent protein was used to study aspects of nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in the spruce budworm. The temporal and spatial distribution of fluorescence indicated that the virus infected the midgut, entered the tracheal system, and traveled to the epidermis, fat body, and muscles. In contrast to Autographa californica (Speyer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) infection, hemocytes from infected C. fumiferana did not exhibit fluorescence until after CfMNPV had passed from the midgut into the tracheae. Therefore the role of hemocytes may be limited during CfMNPV infection. Also the fluorescence pattern spread from the tracheolar cells to tracheal epithelial cells throughout the tracheal system. Our results indicate that the temporal and spatial events involved in CfMNPV infection of C. fumiferana larvae are consistent with those observed in other lepidopteran hosts infected with AcMNPV Minor deviations between these two systems may be attributed to differences in virulence, infection rate, and possibly host range of the virus.
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PASTORI, PATRIK LUIZ, FABRICIO FAGUNDES-PEREIRA, GILBERTO SANTOS-ANDRADE, ROBSON OLIVEIRA-SILVA, JOSÉ COLA-ZANUNCIO, and ALEXANDRE ÍGOR AZEVEDO-PEREIRA. "Reproduction of Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in pupae of two lepidopterans defoliators of eucalypt." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 38, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v38i1.8927.

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Biological control of lepidopteran defoliators using parasitoids is a promising alternative. The objective of this work was to evaluate the reproduction of Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in pupae of the eucalypt defoliators Thyrinteina arnobia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and Hylesia paulex (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Host pupae were individualized in glass tubes (14 x 2.2 cm) with six parasitoid females for 24 h under controlled conditions [25 ± 2ºC; 70 ± 10% (RH) and 14 h photo phase]. T. diatraeae parasitized 95.8 ± 2.85% pupae of T. arnobia and 79.2 ± 6.72% of H. paulex, with an emergence rate of 89.6 ± 5.03% and 69.8 ± 6.13%, respectively. However, H. paulex pupae yielded large parasitoid progenies. No difference in the parasitoid sex ratio, adult size and longevity were observed between both hosts. The successful parasitism and development of T. diatraeae in pupae of T. arnobia and H. paulex suggest that this parasitoid can be an alternative for the biological control of these defoliators in eucalyptus plantations.
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Zhang, Xiancui, Fan Zhang, and Xingmeng Lu. "Diversity and Functional Roles of the Gut Microbiota in Lepidopteran Insects." Microorganisms 10, no. 6 (June 16, 2022): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061234.

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Lepidopteran insects are one of the most widespread and speciose lineages on Earth, with many common pests and beneficial insect species. The evolutionary success of their diversification depends on the essential functions of gut microorganisms. This diverse gut microbiota of lepidopteran insects provides benefits in nutrition and reproductive regulation and plays an important role in the defence against pathogens, enhancing host immune homeostasis. In addition, gut symbionts have shown promising applications in the development of novel tools for biological control, biodegradation of waste, and blocking the transmission of insect-borne diseases. Even though most microbial symbionts are unculturable, the rapidly expanding catalogue of microbial genomes and the application of modern genetic techniques offer a viable alternative for studying these microbes. Here, we discuss the gut structure and microbial diversity of lepidopteran insects, as well as advances in the understanding of symbiotic relationships and interactions between hosts and symbionts. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the function of the gut microbiota, including in host nutrition and metabolism, immune defence, and potential mechanisms of detoxification. Due to the relevance of lepidopteran pests in agricultural production, it can be expected that the research on the interactions between lepidopteran insects and their gut microbiota will be used for biological pest control and protection of beneficial insects in the future.
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Endara, María-José, Phyllis D. Coley, Gabrielle Ghabash, James A. Nicholls, Kyle G. Dexter, David A. Donoso, Graham N. Stone, R. Toby Pennington, and Thomas A. Kursar. "Coevolutionary arms race versus host defense chase in a tropical herbivore–plant system." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 36 (August 21, 2017): E7499—E7505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707727114.

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Coevolutionary models suggest that herbivores drive diversification and community composition in plants. For herbivores, many questions remain regarding how plant defenses shape host choice and community structure. We addressed these questions using the tree genus Inga and its lepidopteran herbivores in the Amazon. We constructed phylogenies for both plants and insects and quantified host associations and plant defenses. We found that similarity in herbivore assemblages between Inga species was correlated with similarity in defenses. There was no correlation with phylogeny, a result consistent with our observations that the expression of defenses in Inga is independent of phylogeny. Furthermore, host defensive traits explained 40% of herbivore community similarity. Analyses at finer taxonomic scales showed that different lepidopteran clades select hosts based on different defenses, suggesting taxon-specific histories of herbivore–host plant interactions. Finally, we compared the phylogeny and defenses of Inga to phylogenies for the major lepidopteran clades. We found that closely related herbivores fed on Inga with similar defenses rather than on closely related plants. Together, these results suggest that plant defenses might be more evolutionarily labile than the herbivore traits related to host association. Hence, there is an apparent asymmetry in the evolutionary interactions between Inga and its herbivores. Although plants may evolve under selection by herbivores, we hypothesize that herbivores may not show coevolutionary adaptations, but instead “chase” hosts based on the herbivore’s own traits at the time that they encounter a new host, a pattern more consistent with resource tracking than with the arms race model of coevolution.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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McMullen, John George II. "Comparative Phenotypic and Genomics Approaches Provide Insight into the Tripartite Symbiosis of Xenorhabdus bovienii with Steinernema Nematode and Lepidopteran Insect Hosts." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596124.

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Nematodes are highly diverse animals capable of interacting with almost every other form of life on Earth from general trophic interactions to intimate and persistent symbiotic associations. Much of their recognition originates from their various parasitic lifestyles. From an agricultural standpoint, plant parasitic nematodes are widely known for the destruction they can cause to crop plants, such as the case of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, or livestock animals, like the Trichinella spiralis, which infects pigs and other animals. From a human health perspective, nematodes can cause many debilitating diseases, for example Wuchereria bancrofti, which is a causative agent of lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis. However, not all parasitic nematodes have bad implications for human health. For instance, the diverse interactions of insect parasitic nematodes can be used to our benefit. Many of these species have been considered as biological control alternatives to different insect pests that wreak havoc on human, animal, and plant health. There still remain many questions surrounding their evolution, ecology, and physiological capabilities. Many of these taxa are hard to cultivate in the lab due to their complex and intimate lifestyles. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are of great interest in agriculture because they vector insect pathogenic bacteria, which are capable of causing death to an insect host within 48 hours post-infection. Much of the molecular underpinnings in this system still remain to be discovered, from understanding the basic ability of these two organisms to associate with one another to genetically engineering more robust and host specific pathogens for application in the field. The focus of the research presented herein is on Steinernematidae nematodes and their bacterial symbionts. Specifically, it focused on the relationship between Xenorhabdus bovienii and its Steinernema hosts. Bioassays were designed to investigate insect virulence of X. bovienii alone in two Lepidoptera insect species with known differential susceptibility to Steinernema-Xenorhabdus pairs. A comparative genomic analysis was performed to compare different Xenorhabdus bovienii strains with observed variation in insect virulence. Results from this analysis demonstrated that virulent strains possess a type VI secretion system (T6SS) locus that is completely absent in strains with attenuated virulence. Bacterial competition assays between T6SS+ and T6SS- strains suggest this locus is involved in bacterial competition. Additionally, symbiont preference assays were carried out to investigate whether Steinernema hosts are able to discern between virulent and attenuated X. bovienii strains. Results from these assays revealed that Steinernema nematodes are able to distinguish between cognate and non-cognate X. bovienii symbionts, giving preference to virulent strains over those with attenuated virulence. Altogether these results provide further evidence that supports the notion that symbiont-switching events have occurred over the Steinernema-Xenorhabdus co-evolutionary history. Specifically, the competitive virulence of certain X. bovienii strains may have conferred them the ability to be selected by different Steinernema hosts, therefore contributing to the success of the nematode-bacterium partnership in being pathogenic to diverse insect hosts.
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Hauxwell, Irene Caroline. "Evaluation of potential baculovirus insecticides : studies of the infection process and host susceptibility." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312316.

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Allen, Geoffrey Rowland. "Behaviour and ecology of the primary parasitoids Cotesia urabae and Dolichogenidia eucalypti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and their host Uraba lugens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Title page, contents and preface only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha425.pdf.

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Hatcher, P. E. "Host plants and nutrition in conifer-feeding Lepidoptera." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234738.

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Engler, Helene Sari. "Chemical ecology of passion vine butterflies : sequestration of cyanogenic glycosides and patterns of host plant specialization by Heliconius butterflies /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Hicks, Joseph Paul. "The ecology of host-parasitoid-pathogen interactions in natural lepidopteran populations." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11447/.

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Understanding population dynamics and the biotic and abiotic processes that drive and influence them is one the most fundamental issues in ecology, and is vital for successful ecological management of populations in the face of global environmental change. Species interactions influence population processes, and natural enemies in particular can have important impacts on vital rates, and are thought to be capable of population regulation. This thesis investigated the host-natural enemy interactions and spatio-temporal dynamics of two Lepidoptera-parasitoid-pathogen communities, which were used as model systems in which to explore these issues. Using multi-year field data, potentially regulatory delayed density-dependent pathogen mortality was demonstrated in both the cyclical Operophtera brumata, but also unexpectedly in the non-cyclical Abraxas grossulariata. In addition, there was evidence that increasing temperature-related climatic conditions negatively influenced the interactions of O. brumata and its pathogen. Immune functioning was investigated in wild populations of the non-cyclical A. grossulariata, and unexpectedly found to be influenced by population density. Evidence consistent with trans-generational immune costs from defence against parasitism were also found. Scale-dependent effects of habitat fragmentation were investigated in the A. grossulariata-natural enemy community, and were found to have direct negative effects on host density at both small and large spatial scales, indirect negative effects on virus mortality at the largest scale, and, unexpectedly, direct positive effects on parasitism at small and medium scales. Finally, it was found that spatial population synchrony in O. brumata at the scale of Britain may be due to spatially correlated environmental processes, but that unlike O. brumata populations within mainland Europe there was no evidence for travelling waves in abundance within British populations, either driven by the mainland European travelling waves or occurring separately. The significance of these findings is discussed in the context of current research, and potential areas for future research are also addressed.
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Drès, Michele Anne. "Gene flow between host races of the larch budmoth (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249462.

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Nygren, Georg H. "Latitudinal patterns in butterfly life history and host plant choice /." Stockholm : Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-631.

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Davis, A. J. "The host finding behaviour of the parasitoids of lepidopteran Larvae feeding on stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.)." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380290.

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Nelson, Abigail J. "Host Densities and Parasitism Rates in a Forest Defoliator Across a Rural-Urban Landscape." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4483.

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Fall cankerworm (FCW) outbreaks have recently increased in frequency and intensity in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States, especially around cities of Charlotte, NC and Richmond, VA. This study evaluated the effects of two landscape features associated with urbanization, impervious surface and forest cover, on population patterns of FCW and its parasitoids across eastern Virginia. Forest cover was positively related to parasitism rates while impervious surface was positively related to FCW abundance, suggesting that FCW outbreaks may be amplified in urban areas. FCW abundance declined over the two-year period of this study, but parasitism rate increased at most sites. Parasitism was highest at sites that experienced FCW outbreaks first, indicating that parasitoid populations are responding to moth abundances. It remains to be seen whether this outbreak was an aberrant occurrence, or represents a regime shift to more frequent defoliation in Virginia, similar to that in North Carolina urban areas.
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Books on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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Matthews, D. L. Larval hostplants of the Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae). Gainesville, FL: American Entomological Institute, 2005.

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Miller, James Stuart. Generic revision of the Dioptinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Notodontidae). [New York]: American Museum of Natural History, 2009.

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Parra, José Roberto Postali, Leandro Delalibera Geremias, Aline Bertin, Yelitza Colmenarez, and Aloisio Coelho Jr., eds. Small-scale rearing of Anagasta kuehniella for Trichogramma production. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248951.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 4 chapters focusing on techniques for small-scale rearing of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma spp. in the factitious host Anagasta kuehniella [Ephestia kuehniella]. These parasitoids are among the most widely used natural enemies in the world, and in Brazil are used to control lepidopteran pests in a wide variety of crops.
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Parra, José Roberto Postali, Leandro Delalibera Geremias, Aline Bertin, Yelitza Colmenarez, and Aloisio Coelho Jr., eds. Small-scale rearing of Anagasta kuehniella for Trichogramma production. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 4 chapters focusing on techniques for small-scale rearing of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma spp. in the factitious host Anagasta kuehniella [Ephestia kuehniella]. These parasitoids are among the most widely used natural enemies in the world, and in Brazil are used to control lepidopteran pests in a wide variety of crops.
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Stone, Stephen E. Foodplants of world saturniidae. [S.l.]: Lepidopterists' Society, 1991.

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Stone, Stephen E. Foodplants of world Saturniidae. [Los Angeles, Calif.]: Lepidopterists' Society, 1991.

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Patrick, Brian. Lepidoptera of small-leaved divaricating Olearia in New Zealand and their conservation priority. Wellington, N.Z: Dept. of Conservation, 2000.

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S, Sugoni͡a︡ev E., ed. Khozi͡a︡ino-parazitnye otnoshenii͡a︡ cheshuekrylykh (Lepidoptera) -- vrediteleĭ risa i ikh parazitov (Hymenoptera, Apocrita) vo Vʹetname. Sankt-Peterburg: Rossiĭskai͡a︡ akademii͡a︡ nauk, Zoologicheskiĭ in-t, 1992.

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Chukhriĭ, M. G. An atlas of the ultrastructure of viruses of lepidopteran pests of plants. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1988.

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Chukhriĭ, M. G. An atlas of the ultrastructure of viruses of lepidopteran pests of plants. Edited by Tarasevich L. M, Vsesoi͡u︡znyĭ nauchno-issledovatelʹskiĭ institut biologicheskikh metodov zashchity rasentiĭ (Soviet Union), and United States. Dept. of Agriculture. New Delhi: Amerind Pub. Co., 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Food webs and simple graphics." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 326–31. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0028.

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Abstract Food webs are fundamental in much of ecology and there has been a steady increase in studying their structure and properties over the past 50 years, nowadays often utilizing molecular methods too. First, this chapter will create code to draw a food web, then it will introduce the package cheddar. The reason for learning how to produce your own is not just to improve programming skill and logical thinking, it also means you are in a position to customize your diagrams in ways that perhaps are not available in pre-written packages. A parasitoid foodweb example is given. In this example from Thailand, 22 braconid parasitoid wasps, representing a total of 9 species were associated with 22 lepidopteran hosts representing a total of 11 species using DNA barcoding.
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Quicke, Donald L. J., Buntika A. Butcher, and Rachel A. Kruft Welton. "Food webs and simple graphics." In Practical R for biologists: an introduction, 326–31. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245349.0326.

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Abstract Food webs are fundamental in much of ecology and there has been a steady increase in studying their structure and properties over the past 50 years, nowadays often utilizing molecular methods too. First, this chapter will create code to draw a food web, then it will introduce the package cheddar. The reason for learning how to produce your own is not just to improve programming skill and logical thinking, it also means you are in a position to customize your diagrams in ways that perhaps are not available in pre-written packages. A parasitoid foodweb example is given. In this example from Thailand, 22 braconid parasitoid wasps, representing a total of 9 species were associated with 22 lepidopteran hosts representing a total of 11 species using DNA barcoding.
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Zerova, Marina D., Hassan Ghahari, Victor N. Fursov, Gary A. P. Gibson, and Mikdat Doğanlar. "Family Eurytomidae Walker, 1832." In Chalcidoidea of Iran (Insecta: Hymenoptera), 225–54. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248463.0010.

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Abstract Species of Eurytomidae are associated with many communities of phytophagous insects, many being phytophagous (gall inducers, inquilines or seed feeders) and causing different types of injury to plants, others being entomophagous, including parasitoids of a wide range of insect hosts in the orders Coleoptera, Diptera (mainly Cecidomyiidae), Hymenoptera (Aculeata) and Lepidoptera, and even some being recorded from spider (Araneae) and cicada (Hemiptera) eggs. This chapter provides a checklist for the family Eurytomidae. It provides information on species diversity, host records, distribution records by province in Iran, as well as world distribution. Comparison of the eurytomid fauna with adjacent countries indicates that the fauna of Iran (127 species) is most diverse, followed by Turkey (98 species), Russia (74 species), Kazakhstan (60 species), Turkmenistan (33 species), Iraq (11 species), Azerbaijan (10 species), Armenia (nine species), Afghanistan and United Arab Emirates (both with four species) and Pakistan and Saudi Arabia (both with two species). No species have been recorded from Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman or Qatar. However, 150 eurytomid species were reported from the former USSR, indicating that the fauna was relatively well studied, though several species were recorded without indication of exact region within this large area. Of the countries adjacent to Iran, Turkey shares the highest number of known species with Iran (58 species), followed by Kazakhstan and Russia (both with 25 species), Turkmenistan (17 species), Azerbaijan (seven species), Iraq (six species), Armenia (four species) and Afghanistan (two species).
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Zerova, Marina D., Hassan Ghahari, Victor N. Fursov, Gary A. P. Gibson, and Mikdat Doğanlar. "Family Eurytomidae Walker, 1832." In Chalcidoidea of Iran (Insecta: Hymenoptera), 225–54. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248463.0225.

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Abstract Species of Eurytomidae are associated with many communities of phytophagous insects, many being phytophagous (gall inducers, inquilines or seed feeders) and causing different types of injury to plants, others being entomophagous, including parasitoids of a wide range of insect hosts in the orders Coleoptera, Diptera (mainly Cecidomyiidae), Hymenoptera (Aculeata) and Lepidoptera, and even some being recorded from spider (Araneae) and cicada (Hemiptera) eggs. This chapter provides a checklist for the family Eurytomidae. It provides information on species diversity, host records, distribution records by province in Iran, as well as world distribution. Comparison of the eurytomid fauna with adjacent countries indicates that the fauna of Iran (127 species) is most diverse, followed by Turkey (98 species), Russia (74 species), Kazakhstan (60 species), Turkmenistan (33 species), Iraq (11 species), Azerbaijan (10 species), Armenia (nine species), Afghanistan and United Arab Emirates (both with four species) and Pakistan and Saudi Arabia (both with two species). No species have been recorded from Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman or Qatar. However, 150 eurytomid species were reported from the former USSR, indicating that the fauna was relatively well studied, though several species were recorded without indication of exact region within this large area. Of the countries adjacent to Iran, Turkey shares the highest number of known species with Iran (58 species), followed by Kazakhstan and Russia (both with 25 species), Turkmenistan (17 species), Azerbaijan (seven species), Iraq (six species), Armenia (four species) and Afghanistan (two species).
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Casacci, Luca Pietro, Magdalena Witek, Francesca Barbero, Dario Patricelli, Gaetano Solazzo, Emilio Balletto, and Simona Bonelli. "Habitat preferences of Maculinea arion and its Myrmica host ants: implications for habitat management in Italian Alps." In Lepidoptera Conservation in a Changing World, 163–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1442-7_16.

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Endara, María-José, Dale Forrister, James Nicholls, Graham N. Stone, Thomas Kursar, and Phyllis Coley. "Impacts of Plant Defenses on Host Choice by Lepidoptera in Neotropical Rainforests." In Fascinating Life Sciences, 93–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86688-4_4.

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Doddabasappa, B., K. R. M. Bhanu, and S. Subhash. "Host Plant Relationships of the Shoot and Fruit Borer, Conogethes spp. (Crambidae: Lepidoptera): Mechanisms and Determinants." In The Black spotted, Yellow Borer, Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée and Allied Species, 279–305. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0390-6_20.

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Terrado, Mailyn, Govardhana R. Pinnelli, Jürgen Sanes, and Erika Plettner. "Binding Interactions, Structure-Activity Relationships and Blend Effects in Pheromone and Host Olfactory Detection of Herbivorous Lepidoptera." In Olfactory Concepts of Insect Control - Alternative to insecticides, 265–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05165-5_11.

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Shashank, P. R., B. Doddabasappa, Vasudev Kammar, A. K. Chakravarthy, and Hiroshi Honda. "Molecular Characterization and Management of Shoot and Fruit Borer Conogethes punctiferalis Guenee (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) Populations Infesting Cardamom, Castor and Other Hosts." In New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management, 207–27. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2089-3_20.

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Beck, John J., and Bradley S. Higbee. "Plant- or Fungal-Produced Conophthorin as an Important Component of Host Plant Volatile-Based Attractants for Agricultural Lepidopteran Insect Pests." In ACS Symposium Series, 111–27. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1204.ch009.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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Sparks, Michael E. "Host-level molecular responses toChromobacterium subtsugaeinfection in a lepidopteran." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114954.

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Gammon, Don B. "Characterization of virus-lepidopteran host interactions using aLymantria disparmodel system." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93814.

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Larsson, Mattias. "Functional, molecular, and evolutionary aspects of lepidopteran host plant olfaction." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93246.

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Goldstein, Paul Z. "Beach plum (Prunus maritima) (Rosaceae) as an overlooked lepidopteran host: Life histories of the dune noctuid (Sympistis riparia) and the coastal heathland cutworm (Abagrotis nefascia) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111508.

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Moreira, Gilson. "On the diversity and host relations of galling lepidopterans in South America." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92669.

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Ingber, David A. "Bt susceptibility and oviposition preferences of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) host strains." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112039.

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Nagasawa, Atsuhiko. "Host alternation by the mother of pearl moth,Patania ruralis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114145.

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Saeed, Qamar. "Growth and development ofSpodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on alternate hosts with reference to integrated pest management." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114196.

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Meng, Xiang. "Transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanism ofConopomorpha sinensisBradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) preference for host-plant." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108185.

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Bueno, Vanda H. P. "New South American mirid predators attack important lepidopteran pests and whiteflies, but also the host plant." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92206.

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Reports on the topic "Lepidopteran hosts"

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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Suzanne M. Thiem. Isolation of Baculoviruses with Expanded Spectrum of Action against Lepidopteran Pests. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586457.bard.

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Our long-term goal is to learn to control (expand and restrict) the host range of baculoviruses. In this project our aim was to expand the host range of the prototype baculovirus Autographa cali/arnica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) towards American and Israeli pests. To achieve this objective we studied AcMNPV infection in the non-permissive hosts L. dispar and s. littoralis (Ld652Y and SL2 cells, respectively) as a model system and the major barriers to viral replication. We isolated recombinant baculoviruses with expanded infectivity towards L. dispar and S. littoralis and tested their infectivity towards other Lepidopteran pests. The restricted host range displayed by baculoviruses constitutes an obstacle to their further implementation in the control of diverse Lepidopteran pests, increasing the development costs. Our work points out that cellular defenses are major role blocks to AcMNPV replication in non- and semi-permissive hosts. Therefore a major determinant ofbaculovirus host range is the ability of the virus to effectively counter cellular defenses of host cells. This is exemplified by our findings showing tliat expressing the viral gene Ldhrf-l overcomes global translation arrest in AcMNPV -infected Ld652Y cells. Our data suggests that Ld652Y cells have two anti-viral defense pathways, because they are subject to global translation arrest when infected with AcMNPV carrying a baculovirus apoptotic suppressor (e.g., wild type AcMNPV carryingp35, or recombinant AcMNPV carrying Opiap, Cpiap. or p49 genes) but apoptose when infected with AcMNPV-Iacking a functional apoptotic suppressor. We have yet to elucidate how hrf-l precludes the translation arrest mechanism(s) in AcMNPV-infected Ld652Y cells. Ribosomal profiles of AcMNPV infected Ld652Y cells suggested that translation initiation is a major control point, but we were unable to rule-out a contribution from a block in translation elongation. Phosphorylation of eIF-2a did not appear to playa role in AcMNPV -induced translation arrest. Mutagenesis studies ofhrf-l suggest that a highly acidic domain plays a role in precluding translation arrest. Our findings indicate that translation arrest may be linked to apoptosis either through common sensors of virus infection or as a consequence of late events in the virus life-cycle that occur only if apoptosis is suppressed. ~ AcMNPV replicates poorly in SL2 cells and induces apoptosis. Our studies in AcMNPV - infected SL2ceils led us to conclude that the steady-state levels of lEI (product of the iel gene, major AcMNPV -transactivator and multifunctional protein) relative to those of the immediate early viral protein lEO, playa critical role in regulating the viral infection. By increasing the IEl\IEO ratio we achieved AcMNPV replication in S. littoralis and we were able to isolate recombinant AcMNPV s that replicated efficiently in S. lifforalis cells and larvae. Our data that indicated that AcMNPV - infection may be regulated by an interaction between IE 1 and lED (of previously unknown function). Indeed, we showed that IE 1 associates with lED by using protein "pull down" and immunoprecipitation approaches High steady state levels of "functional" IE 1 resulted in increased expression of the apoptosis suppressor p35 facilitating AcMNPV -replication in SL2 cells. Finally, we determined that lED accelerates the viral infection in AcMNPV -permissive cells. Our results show that expressing viral genes that are able to overcome the insect-pest defense system enable to expand baculovirus host range. Scientifically, this project highlights the need to further study the anti-viral defenses of invertebrates not only to maximi~e the possibilities for manipulating baculovirus genomes, but to better understand the evolutionary underpinnings of the immune systems of vertebrates towards virus infection.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Bruce A. Webb. Potentiation of Pest Control by Insect Immunosuppression. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592113.bard.

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The restricted host range of many baculoviruses, highly pathogenic to Lepidoptera and non-pathogenic to mammals, limits their use to single or few closely related Lepidopteran species and is an obstacle to extending their implementation for pest control. The insect immune response is a major determinant of the ability of an insect pathogen to efficiently multiply and propagate. We have developed an original model system to study the Lepidopteran antiviral immune response based on Spodoptera littoralis resistance to AcMNPV (Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus) infection and the fascinating immunosuppressive activity of polydnaviruses .Our aim is to elucidate the mechanisms through which the immunosuppressive insect polydnaviruses promote replication of pathogenic baculoviruses in lepidopteran hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to virus- replication. In this study we : 1- Assessed the extent to which and the mechanisms whereby the immunosuppressive Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus (CsV) or its genes enhanced replication of a well-characterized pathogenic baculovirus AcMNPV, in polydnavirus-immunosuppressedH. zea and S. littoralis insects and S. littoralis cells, hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to AcMNPV. 2- Identified CsV genes involved in the above immunosuppression (e.g. inhibiting cellular encapsulation and disrupting humoral immunity). We showed that: 1. S. littoralis larvae mount an immune response against a baculovirus infection. 2. Immunosuppression of an insect pest improves the ability of a viral pathogen, the baculovirus AcMNPV, to infect the pest. 3. For the first time two PDV-specific genes of the vankyrin and cystein rich-motif families involved in immunosuppression of the host, namely Pvank1 and Hv1.1 respectively, enhanced the efficacy of an insect pathogen toward a semipermissive pest. 4. Pvank1 inhibits apoptosis of Spodopteran cells elucidating one functional aspect of PDVvankyrins. 5. That Pvank-1 and Hv1.1 do not show cooperative effect in S. littoralis when co-expressed during AcMNPV infection. Our results pave the way to developing novel means for pest control, including baculoviruses, that rely upon suppressing host immune systems by strategically weakening insect defenses to improve pathogen (i.e. biocontrol agent) infection and virulence. Also, we expect that the above result will help to develop systems for enhanced insect control that may ultimately help to reduce transmission of insect vectored diseases of humans, animals and plants as well as provide mechanisms for suppression of insect populations that damage crop plants by direct feeding.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Bruce A. Webb. Potentiation of pest control by insect immunosuppression. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7587236.bard.

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Our original aims were to elucidate the mechanisms through which the immunosuppressive insect virus, the Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus (CsV) promotes replication of a well-characterized pathogenic virus, the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) in hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to virus replication. According to the BARD panels criticism we modified our short-term goals (see below). Thus, in this feasibility study (one-year funding) we aimed to show that: 1. S. littoralis larvae mount an immune response against a baculovirus infection. 2. Immunosuppression of an insect pest improves the ability of a viral pathogen (a baculovirus) to infect the pest. 3. S. littoralis cells constitute an efficient tool to study some aspects of the anti- viral immune response. We achieved the above objectives by: 1. Finding melanized viral foci upon following the baculoviral infection in S . littoralis larvae infected with a polyhedra - positive AcMNPV recombinant that expressed the GFP gene under the control of the Drosophila heat shock promoter. 2. Studying the effect of AcMNPV-infection in S . littoralis immunosuppressed by parasitation with the Braconidae wasp Chelonus inanitus that bears the CiV polydna virus, that resulted in higher susceptibility of S. littoralis to AcMNPV- infection. 3. Proving that S. littoralis hemocytes resist AcMNPV -infection. 4. Defining SL2 as a granulocyte-like cell line and demonstrating that as littoralis hemocytic cell line undergoes apoptosis upon AcMNPV -infection. 5. Showing that some of the recombinant AcMNPV expressing the immuno-suppressive polydna virus CsV- vankyrin genes inhibit baculoviral-induced lysis of SL2 cells. This information paves the way to elucidate the mechanisms through which the immuno- suppressive polydna insect viruses promote replication of pathogenic baculoviruses in lepidopteran hosts that are mildly or non-permissive to virus- replication by: - Assessing the extent to which and the mechanisms whereby the immunosuppressive viruses, CiV and CsV or their genes enhance AcMNPV replication in polydnavirus- immunosuppressed H. zea and S. littoralis insects and S. littoralis cells. - Identifying CiV and CsV genes involved in the above immunosuppression (e.g. inhibiting cellular encapsulation and disrupting humoral immunity). This study will provide insight to the molecular mechanisms of viral pathogenesis and improve our understanding of insect immunity. This knowledge is of fundamental importance to controlling insect vectored diseases of humans, animals and plants and essential to developing novel means for pest control (including baculoviruses) that strategically weaken insect defenses to improve pathogen (i.e. biocontrol agent) infection and virulence.
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