Relevant bibliographies by topics / LEMS

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'LEMS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "LEMS"

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Sitcheran, Raquel, Roger Emter, Anastasia Kralli, and Keith R. Yamamoto. "A Genetic Analysis of Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling: Identification and Characterization of Ligand-Effect Modulators in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 156, no. 3 (November 1, 2000): 963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/156.3.963.

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Abstract To find novel components in the glucocorticoid signal transduction pathway, we performed a yeast genetic screen to identify ligand-effect modulators (LEMs), proteins that modulate the cellular response to hormone. We isolated several mutants that conferred increased glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity in response to dexamethasone and analyzed two of them in detail. These studies identify two genes, LEM3 and LEM4, which correspond to YNL323w and ERG6, respectively. LEM3 is a putative transmembrane protein of unknown function, and ERG6 is a methyltransferase in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway. Analysis of null mutants indicates that LEM3 and ERG6 act at different steps in the GR signal transduction pathway.
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Gilhus, Nils Erik. "Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome; Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy." Autoimmune Diseases 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/973808.

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Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is a rare disease with a well-characterized pathogenesis. In 50% of the patients, LEMS is a paraneoplastic manifestation and caused by a small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Both LEMS patients with SCLC and those without this tumour have in 85% of cases pathogenetic antibodies of very high LEMS specificity against voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in the cell membrane of the presynaptic motor nerve terminal. Better understanding of LEMS pathogenesis has lead to targeted symptomatic therapy aimed at the neuromuscular junction and to semispecific immuno-suppression. For SCLC LEMS, tumour therapy is essential.
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Lipka, Alexander F., Marion I. Boldingh, Erik W. van Zwet, Marco W. J. Schreurs, Jan B. M. Kuks, Chantal M. Tallaksen, Maarten J. Titulaer, and Jan J. G. M. Verschuuren. "Long‐term follow‐up, quality of life, and survival of patients with Lambert‐Eaton myasthenic syndrome." Neurology 94, no. 5 (December 12, 2019): e511-e520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000008747.

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ObjectiveTo study survival and to characterize long-term functional impairments and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS).MethodsIn this observational study, survival of patients with LEMS, separately for nontumor (NT) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), was compared to that of the Dutch general population and patients with SCLC. Disease course in patients with LEMS was recorded retrospectively. Several scales for functional impairments and health-related quality of life were assessed.ResultsWe included 150 patients with LEMS. Survival was similar to that of the general population in 65 patients with NT-LEMS. Tumor survival was significantly longer in 81 patients with SCLC-LEMS compared to patients with non-LEMS SCLC (overall median survival 17 vs 7.0 months, p < 0.0001). At diagnosis, 39 (62%) of 63 patients with complete follow-up data were independent for activities of daily living, improving to 85% at the 1-year follow-up. The physical HRQOL composite score (55.9) was significantly lower than in the general population (76.3, p < 0.0001) and comparable to that of patients with myasthenia gravis (60.5). The mental HRQOL composite score was 71.8 in patients with LEMS, comparable to that of the general population (77.9, p = 0.19) and patients with myasthenia gravis (70.3).ConclusionsThis study shows that patients with NT-LEMS have normal survival. Patients with SCLC-LEMS have an improved tumor survival, even after correction for tumor stage. A majority of patients with LEMS report a stable disease course and remain or become independent for self-care after treatment.
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Mengelkamp, Esther, Julius Diesing, and Christof Weinhardt. "Tracing local energy markets: A literature review." it - Information Technology 61, no. 2-3 (April 24, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itit-2019-0016.

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Abstract We conduct a structured literature review on the concept of local energy markets (LEMs). LEMs have gained increasing attention in the last two decades. Yet, a holistic definition and clear demarcation of LEMs is still missing. The review shows current works to shift their focus from conceptual implementation and design to increasingly realistic applications of LEMs. Secure access to (near) real-time smart meter data is a prerequisite for LEMs. Current research gaps, e. g. the inclusion of network constraints, agent-centric LEM designs or a comparison of market mechanisms, are identified.
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Sprekeler, Henning. "On the Relation of Slow Feature Analysis and Laplacian Eigenmaps." Neural Computation 23, no. 12 (December 2011): 3287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00214.

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The past decade has seen a rise of interest in Laplacian eigenmaps (LEMs) for nonlinear dimensionality reduction. LEMs have been used in spectral clustering, in semisupervised learning, and for providing efficient state representations for reinforcement learning. Here, we show that LEMs are closely related to slow feature analysis (SFA), a biologically inspired, unsupervised learning algorithm originally designed for learning invariant visual representations. We show that SFA can be interpreted as a function approximation of LEMs, where the topological neighborhoods required for LEMs are implicitly defined by the temporal structure of the data. Based on this relation, we propose a generalization of SFA to arbitrary neighborhood relations and demonstrate its applicability for spectral clustering. Finally, we review previous work with the goal of providing a unifying view on SFA and LEMs.
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Maddison, Paul, Paul Gozzard, Matthew J. Grainge, and Bethan Lang. "Long-term survival in paraneoplastic Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome." Neurology 88, no. 14 (March 1, 2017): 1334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003794.

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Objective:To establish whether improved tumor survival in patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) was due to known prognostic risk factors or an effect of LEMS independently, perhaps as a result of circulating factors.Methods:We undertook a prospective observational cohort study of patients with LEMS attending Nottingham University Hospitals, UK, or via the British Neurological Surveillance Unit. In parallel, patients with a new diagnosis of biopsy-proven SCLC were enrolled, examined for neurologic illness, and followed up until death or study end.Results:Between May 2005 and November 2014, we recruited 31 patients with LEMS and SCLC and 279 patients with SCLC without neurologic illness. Allowing for known SCLC survival prognostic factors of disease extent, age, sex, performance status, and sodium values, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of LEMS with SCLC conferred a significant survival advantage independently of the other prognostic variables (hazard ratio 1.756, 95% confidence interval 1.137–2.709, p = 0.011).Conclusions:Improved SCLC tumor survival seen in patients with LEMS and SCLC may not be due solely to lead time bias, given that survival advantage remains after allowing for other prognostic factors and that the same degree of survival advantage is not seen in patients with paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes other than LEMS presenting before SCLC diagnosis.
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Shimizu, Fumitaka, Yukio Takeshita, Yasuteru Sano, Yuka Hamamoto, Hirokazu Shiraishi, Takuya Sato, Shunsuke Yoshimura, et al. "GRP78 antibodies damage the blood–brain barrier and relate to cerebellar degeneration in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome." Brain 142, no. 8 (June 24, 2019): 2253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz168.

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Abstract Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction caused by autoantibodies binding to P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Breakdown of the blood–brain barrier and diffusion of cerebellar granule/Purkinje cell-reactive autoantibodies into the CNS are critical for the pathogenesis of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. We recently found evidence that glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) autoantibodies in the plasma of patients with neuromyelitis optica promote the CNS access of AQP4 autoantibodies. In the present study, we investigated whether the GRP78 autoantibodies in PCD-LEMS IgG boost the brain uptake of cerebellar cell-reactive antibodies across the blood–brain barrier and facilitate cerebellar dysfunction. We first evaluated the effects of purified IgG from PCD-LEMS or PCD patients on the blood–brain barrier function in human brain microvascular endothelial cells using a high content imaging system with nuclear factor κB p65 and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) immunostaining. Next, we identified GRP78 autoantibodies causing blood–brain barrier permeability in PCD-LEMS IgG by co-immunoprecipitation and the living cell-based antibody binding assays. Exposure of brain microvascular endothelial cells to IgG from PCD-LEMS patients induced nuclear factor κB p65 nuclear translocation, ICAM1 upregulation, reduced claudin-5 expression, increased permeability and increased autocrine IL-1β and IL-8 secretion; the IgG from patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome did not have these effects. We detected GRP78 autoantibodies in the IgG of LEMS-PCD (83.3%, n = 18), but observed fewer in patients with LEMS (6.6%, n = 15) and none were observed in the control subjects (n = 8). The depletion of GRP78 autoantibodies reduced the biological effect of LEMS-PCD IgG on brain microvascular endothelial cells. These findings suggest that GRP78 autoantibodies play a role beyond neuromyelitis optica and that they have direct implications in the phenotypic differences between PCD-LEMS and LEMS.
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Nakatani, Yuki, Natsuki Tanaka, Tomomi Enami, Seigo Minami, Tomoko Okazaki, and Kiyoshi Komuta. "Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Caused by Nivolumab in a Patient with Squamous Cell Lung Cancer." Case Reports in Neurology 10, no. 3 (December 5, 2018): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494078.

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Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a representative paraneoplastic neurological syndrome. Recently, nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death 1 inhibitor, has been approved for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Careful attention should be paid to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including neurotoxicity. We herein report a 73-year-old woman with LEMS that occurred during nivolumab treatment for pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. After the 20th week of nivolumab, she experienced various neurological symptoms such as ptosis, lower limb weakness, and photophobia. Findings from a nerve conduction study and a positive anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody made a diagnosis of LEMS. Pyridostigmine and 3,4-diaminopyridine temporarily improved her symptoms. This was the first case of LEMS as a neurological irAE. LEMS should be considered as a possible neurological irAE.
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Li, Dan, Jiazhe Chen, An Wang, and Xiaoyun Wang. "Analysis of Software Implemented Low Entropy Masking Schemes." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7206835.

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Low Entropy Masking Schemes (LEMS) are countermeasure techniques to mitigate the high performance overhead of masked hardware and software implementations of symmetric block ciphers by reducing the entropy of the mask sets. The security of LEMS depends on the choice of the mask sets. Previous research mainly focused on searching balanced mask sets for hardware implementations. In this paper, we find that those balanced mask sets may have vulnerabilities in terms of absolute difference when applied in software implemented LEMS. The experiments verify that such vulnerabilities certainly make the software LEMS implementations insecure. To fix the vulnerabilities, we present a selection criterion to choose the mask sets. When some feasible mask sets are already picked out by certain searching algorithms, our selection criterion could be a reference factor to help decide on a more secure one for software LEMS.
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Kohler, Siegfried, and Andreas Meisel. "The Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome — an Overview." Neurology International Open 02, no. 01 (January 2018): E40—E45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-118274.

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AbstractThe Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) has a prevalence of around 5/100 0000 and is around 10–20 times rarer than myasthenia gravis (MG). Although LEMS does have a number of similarities to MG, there are important differences. The syndrome is characterized by a mostly proximally localised exercise induced muscle weakness that can lead to respiratory failure often accompanied by autonomous dysfunction. Disease symptoms are caused by autoantibodies directed against P/Q type voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC) that are expressed in the presynaptic motoric nerve terminals. The diagnosis of LEMS is based on the detection of the pathogenic anti-VGCC antibodies as well as the observation of an increment of at least 60% in the electrophysiological examination of an affected muscle. An increment is defined by an increase of the at rest reduced compound muscle action potential (CMAP) either after voluntary maximal innervation or after high frequent (≥20 Hz) stimulation. In almost one third LEMS is of paraneoplastic origin. Therefore an intensive tumor screening is necessary after diagnosis.There are some differences in the clinical presentation between paraneoplastic (pLEMS) and the exclusively autoimmune (aiLEMS) form of LEMS. With respect to this the DELTA-P-Score and the detection of SOX1-antibody are important. The most frequent tumor associated with LEMS is small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Therapy is based on the initial distinction between paraneoplastic and autoimmune ethiology. pLEMS necessitates therapy of underlying neoplasia. Usually, aiLEMS- as well as pLEMS patients respond well to 3,4 diaminopyridine (3,4 DAP) often augmented by pyridostigmine. Similar to treatment of myasthenia gravis long-term immunosuppressive treatment is usually required to control symptoms effectively. Myasthenic crisis in LEMS can be controlled by intensive care and immunoglobulins, plasmaphereses or immunoadsorption. Based on case reports more specific immunomodulatory treatment approaches such as the B-cell depleting therapeutic antibody rituximab should be considered in therapy refractory courses of LEMS. Long-term prognosis of autoimmune LEMS with respect to clinical stabilization with (pharmacological) remission is good, although in around 75% of patients significant reductions in quality of life remain. Prognosis of tumor-associated LEMS is largely determined by the tumor and its effective therapy. Curative treatment of the tumour as well as complete remission of pLEMS are possible.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "LEMS"

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Wilding, Samuel E. "Expanding Lamina Emergent Mechanism (LEM) Capabilities: Spherical LEMs, LEM Joints, and LEM Applications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2903.

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Lamina Emergent Mechanisms (LEMs) are a class of compliant mechanisms that can be manufactured from sheet goods and possess motion out of the plane of fabrication. LEMs can be designed to perform sophisticated motions. This thesis expands LEM understanding and increases the ability to utilize them in applications by introducing the fundamentals of spherical LEMs, creating joints suitable for LEMs, and providing an example of a LEM application. In this thesis, the fundamentals of spherical LEMs are developed. This includes classification of all possible spherical 4R LEMs and a discussion of the motion characteristics of the various mechanisms. The motion characteristics associated with spherical 4R LEMs are then used to predict the motion of spherical 6R LEMs and arrays of spherical LEMs. Multiple spherical LEM prototypes are shown and discussed. A common difficulty of working with compliant mechanisms, especially LEMs, is creating suitable joints. There is often a trade off between flexibility in the desired direction of deflection, and stiffness in directions of undesired deflection. For this thesis, LEM joints that possess higher off-axis stiffness, especially in tension and compression, than previous designs were developed: the I-LET, the T-LET, and the IT-LET. Joint geometries were optimized and then modeled in commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software capable of nonlinear analysis. These models were used to predict the bending of tensile/compressive stiffnesses of the joints. As a benchmark, lamina emergent torsional (LET) joints were modeled and optimized for maximum tension and compression loading while maintaining the same bending stiffness as the joint being compared. Mechanisms that utilized the new joints were created and are briefly discussed. The use of these joints allows for minimized parasitic motion under tension and compression loads and expands the capability of LEM joints. The Lens Lift™ was developed to demonstrate an application of LEMs. The Lens Lift™ is a LEM device that allows for easier and more sterile use of disposable contact lenses. It possesses a monolithic structure and can be fabricated using simple manufacturing processes. As the contact lens user opens the blister pack used to store the lens, the lens is lifted out of the pack and presented to the user. The user can then lift the lens with one touch and place it in the eye. A provisional patent has been filed for the device and the device currently being evaluated by a major contact lens manufacturer for further development.
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Villanueva, Marta Janer. "A population study of genetic susceptibility to the autoimmune myasthenias." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294378.

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Brady, John Joseph. "VAPORIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES USING INTENSE, ULTRAFAST LASERS: MECHANISM AND APPLICATION TO PROTEIN CONFORMATION." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/211496.

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Chemistry
Ph.D.
This dissertation details the design and implementation of a state-of-the-art ambient trace analysis technique known as laser electrospray mass spectrometry. This novel technique utilizes an intense, nonresonant femtosecond laser pulse to transfer nonvolatile, fragile molecules into the gas phase from various substrates. The vaporized analyte is subsequently captured, solvated and ionized in an electrospray plume enabling mass analysis. Laser electrospray mass spectrometry is capable of analyzing samples in the liquid or solid states, mass spectral imaging of adsorbed molecules and detecting low vapor pressure analytes remotely. Experiments with biomolecules and pharmaceuticals, such as vitamin B12 and oxycodone, have demonstrated that the nonresonant femtosecond laser pulse allows for coupling into and vaporization of all molecules. This implies that sample preparation (elution, mixing with matrix and choosing samples with a particular electronic or vibrational transition) is not necessary, thus creating a universal mass analysis technique. Investigations using low vapor pressure molecules, such as lipids and proteins, led to the discovery that unfragmented molecules are transferred into the gas phase via a nonthermal mechanism. The laser electrospray mass spectrometry technique has allowed for the nonresonant femtosecond laser vaporization and mass analysis of trace amounts of a nitro-based explosive from a metal surface. The vaporization of unfragmented explosive molecules from a surface facilitates the identification of the explosive, reducing the probability of false positives and false negatives. In addition, this "soft" vaporization of molecules using nonresonant femtosecond laser pulses allows for protein to be transferred from the condensed phase into the gas phase without altering the molecule's structure, enabling ex vivo conformational analysis and possible disease typing.
Temple University--Theses
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Cotte, Philippe. "Le projet WA105 : un prototype de chambre à projection temporelle à argon liquide diphasique utilisant des détecteurs LEMs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS246/document.

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Le projet WA105/ProtoDUνE-DP est une expérience de prototypage qui a pour objectif de tester la technologie de Chambre à Projection Temporelle à Argon Liquide Diphasique (DLArTPC) à grande échelle dans le but de l'utiliser dans la future expérience de physique des neutrinos DUνE. Prévue fin 2026 aux USA, DUνE vise à déterminer l'ordre des masses des neutrinos ainsi que la violation de CP dans le secteur leptonique. Le travail de cette thèse s'oriente dans un premier temps autour des tests et simulations effectués sur les éléments de détection et d'amplification des détecteurs de WA105. Dans un second temps, la thèse s'oriente autour de l'analyse des traces de muons cosmiques vues par un premier prototype de 4t, opéré en 2017 au CERN. La technologie DLArTPC est une variante de la technologie LArTPC permettant une amplification des électrons extraits de la phase liquide à la phase gazeuse. Les amplificateurs d'électrons (LEMs) sont des plaques de PCB de 50x50cm² épais de 1mm, percés de 400k trous de 500 microns de diamètre, recouvertes de chaque côté par une mince couche de cuivre. Une différence de potentiel de l'ordre de 3kv permet d'atteindre un gain supérieur à 10. Une partie du travail de cette thèse a consisté à simuler la dérive des électrons à travers ces LEMs afin d'étudier les efficacités de collection de charge. Une autre partie de cette thèse a consisté à mesurer les caractéristiques importantes (épaisseur, tenue en tension) des amplificateurs destinés au démonstrateur de 300t de WA105, dont la mise en route a été effectuée fin août 2019 au CERN. Le gain est une des caractéristiques principales d'une DLArTPC, et il a été étudié dans le prototype de 4t grâce à la détection de muons cosmiques. Des comparaisons sont effectuées avec les résultats d'un prototype de 3L datant de 2014, et un programme de reconstruction de trace dédié a été développé pour traiter certains événements bruités. Le travail effectué dans cette thèse a permis de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement des DLArTPCs, notamment en ce qui concerne l'aspect multiplication et dérive des électrons. Ces connaissances seront importantes lors de l'opération du démonstrateur de 300t au CERN, ainsi que lors de l'exploitation du module DLArTPC de DUνE
The WA105/ProtoDUνE-DP project is a prototyping experiment which goal is to test the Double Phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (DLArTPC) technology at large scale, to use it in the future neutrinos physics experiment DUνE. Scheduled for the end of 2026 in the USA, DUνE aims at measuring the neutrinos mass ordering and the leptonic CP symetry violation. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to tests and simulations of the detection and amplification elements of the WA105 detectors. The second part is focused on the analysis of cosmic muon tracks seen by a first prototype of 4t, operated at CERN in 2017. The DLArTPC technology is a variation of the LArTPC technology allowing for the amplification of the electrons extracted from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The Large Electron Amplifiers (LEMs) are 50x50cm² PCB plates with a thickness of 1mm, pierced by 400k holes of 500 microns diameter, covered on each side by a thin layer of copper giving a gain superior to 10. Part of this thesis work is about the simulation of electrons drifting through those LEMs to study the charge collection efficiencies. Another part of this thesis is about the measurement of important caracteristics (thickness, voltage stability) of the LEMs that are used in the 300t demonstrator of WA105, which commissionning was done in the end of August 2019. The gain is one of the main caracteristics of a DLArTPC, and it has been studied in the 4t prototype by detecting cosmic muons. Comparisons are done with previous results from 2014 from a smaller prototype of 3L, and a dedicated reconstruction program was created to analyse noisy events. The work done in the thesis allowed for a better understanding of DALrTPCs, mainly on the multiplication and drift of electrons. This knowledge will be important during the operation of the 300t demonstrator at CERN, and during the operationg of the DLArTPC module of DUνE
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Greenberg, Holly. "The Application of Origami to the Design of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms (LEMs) with Extensions to Collapsible, Compliant and Flat-Folding Mechanisms." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3210.

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Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a subset of compliant mechanisms which are fabricated from planar materials; use compliance, or flexibility of the material, to transfer energy; and have motion that emerges out of the fabrication plane. LEMs provide potential design advantages by reducing the number of parts, reducing cost, reducing weight, improving recyclability, increasing precision, and eliminating assembly, to name a few. However, there are inherent design and modeling challenges including complexities in large, non-linear deflections, singularities that exist when leaving the planar state, and the coupling of material properties and geometry in predicting mechanism behavior. This thesis examines the planar and spherical LEMs and their relation to origami. Origami, the art of paper folding, is used to better understand spherical LEMs and flat-folding mechanisms in general. All single-layer planar four-bar LEMs are given with their respective layouts. These are all change-point pinned mechanisms (i.e. no slider cranks). Graph representations are used to show the similarities between action origami and mechanisms. Origami principles of flat-folding are shown to be analogous to principles of mechanisms including rules for assembly and motion.
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Albrechtsen, Nathan Bryce. "Identifying Potential Applications for Lamina Emergent Mechanisms and Evaluating Their Suitability for Credit-Card-Sized Products." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2361.

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Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a maturing technology that is prepared for commercial implementation into new products. LEMs are defined by three functional characteristics; they (1) are compliant, (2) are fabricated from planar materials, and (3) emerge from a flat initial state. Advantages, design challenges, and design tools are described for each of the functional characteristics. Opportunities for LEMs are discussed, namely disposable LEMs, novel arrays of LEMs, scaled LEMs, LEMs with surprising motion, shock absorbing LEMs, and deployable LEMs. Technology push product development processes were employed to select applications for LEMs. LEM technology was characterized. In a LEM workshop, eighteen industry professionals then helped identify over 200 potential applications for the technology. The applications were evaluated, and the most promising ideas that were identified for each LEM opportunity are described with graphics of possible product embodiments. Of the various product opportunities enabled by LEMs, deployable mechanisms – particularly in the credit card size – are among the most viable. The compactness and portability of credit-card-sized products create a strong motivation for their development. Expanding the capabilities of credit-card-sized mechanisms to include more sophisticated motions and a broader range of tasks may dramatically increase their market potential. A review of the current state-of-the-art in credit-card-sized mechanisms reveals two primary classes of mechanisms most commonly used in this form factor: rigid-body mechanisms and in-plane compliant mechanisms. The limitations of each and corresponding LEM advantages are described. Criteria for determining whether a product is a suitable candidate for using LEM technology to create or improve a credit-card-sized product are established. The advantages of LEMs in credit-card-sized products are illustrated through an example product: a compact lancing device that could be used as a main component for a highly portable epinephrine syringe.
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Fazio, Walter C. "Mechanical Properties and MEMS Applications of Carbon-Infiltrated Carbon Nanotube Forests." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3224.

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This work explores the use of carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotube (CI-CNT) forests as a material for fabricating compliant MEMS devices. The impacts of iron catalyst layer thickness and carbon infiltration time are examined. An iron layer of 7nm or 10nm with an infiltration time of 30 minutes produces CI-CNT best suited for compliant applications. Average maximum strains of 2% and 2.48% were observed for these parameters. The corresponding elastic moduli were 5.4 GPa and 4.1 GPa, respectively. A direct comparison of similar geometry suggested CI-CNT is 80% more flexible than single-crystal silicon. A torsional testing procedure provided an initial shear modulus of about 5 GPa for the 7-nm, 30-min CI-CNT. The strain and elastic modulus values were used to design numerous functional devices which were then fabricated in CI-CNT. A series of compliant cell restraint mechanisms were developed, assessed, and revised. A passive restraint with no moving parts was found to be both the most effective design and the easiest design to produce economically. A refined version of the passive restraint has been released commercially. Another series of designed devices successfully demonstrates the implementation of CI-CNT LEM designs.
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Le, Mellisa A. "Application of well log tomography to the Dundee and Rogers City Limestones, Michigan Basin, USA /." Available online. Click here, 2004. http://sunshine.lib.mtu.edu/ETD/THESIS/lema/mellisale%5Fthesis.pdf.

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Gómez, Calderón Jaime Alfonso. "Prototipo Virtual 2HMI Radio." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2011. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lem/gomez_c_ja/.

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En la actualidad las empresas automotrices centran sus esfuerzos en la realización de productos enfocados en el rendimiento y confort y que es ofrecido a los usuarios. Debido a esto, es necesario incluir dispositivos que brinden al usuario la capacidad de configurar estos mismos, y por ende, permitan el control del funcionamiento del dispositivo basado en los requerimientos actuales del operador. Las interfaces Humano-Máquina (HMI) tienen como objetivo capturar como base las indicaciones recibidas por un operador humano el cual ingresa cierto tipo de parámetros al dispositivo y éste realiza acciones como respuestas a los deseos del usuario. Los radios de reproducción de audio implementados en los automóviles tienen como función principal de operación el entretenimiento de los pasajeros a bordo del carro, realizando la reproducción de varios formatos de audio en las bocinas propias  del vehículo con la premisa principal de eliminar cualquier tipo de distracción al conductor generada por la operación manual del radio. Para lograr este objetivo, las empresas utilizan varias formas de evaluación del producto con el fin de perfeccionar los sistemas que harán parte de un automóvil teniendo en cuenta la opinión de los posibles usuarios.
(cont.) Una de estas técnicas de evaluación utiliza la simulación de prototipos físicos en aplicaciones virtuales, las cuales ofrecen al interesado  características similares a las presentadas por los dispositivos en tiempo real. La simulación de autoestéreos permite conocer las respuestas de operación, entregadas por el radio, al realizar procedimientos de  selección de modos de reproducción, búsqueda de estaciones de radio o canciones, reconocimiento y reproducción de dispositivos externos de almacenamiento de audio, etc. El uso de la herramienta RapidPLUS como interfaz de simulación permite elaborar aplicaciones compactas que en cierto modo recrean el entorno grafico de la aplicación y el funcionamiento básico del radio. Esta tesis plantea la elaboración de varias aplicaciones virtuales por medio de este software que simulen las operaciones y modos incluidos en el manual de funcionamiento del radio proporcionado por la empresa Volkswagen de México..
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Martínez, López Miguel Ángel. "Diseño y simulación de un sistema para detección de intrusos en redes de comunicaciones utilizando OMNET++." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2010. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lem/martinez_l_ma/.

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La seguridad en las redes de comunicación se ha convertido en un factor de suma importancia debido a la presencia constante de intrusos en la red ya que son elementos que afectan la Calidad de Servicio y que se define como un parámetro para establecer el óptimo funcionamiento de la red a través de protocolos establecidos tal como el TCP (). Dicho protocolo está orientado a crear conexiones lógicas entre los nodos o equipos que integran a la red para comunicarse entre ellos a través del flujo de datos. Debido al crecimiento exponencial de usuarios en el Internet, éste se ha convertido en un medio importante e indispensable para la comunicación puesto que la mayoría de usuarios hacen uso de la red con el fin de efectuar sus operaciones. Esto obliga a los proveedores de Internet a emplear sistemas de seguridad que ofrezcan protección a los clientes para mantener la disponibilidad de los recursos y servicios en la red. El trabajo reportado en esta tesis tiene como objetivo realizar el diseño y simulación de un sistema de detección de intrusos para redes de comunicaciones utilizando OMNET++
(cont.) A través de simulaciones se detectarán los ataques o amenazas que afecten el desempeño de los elementos sobre la red diseñada. OMNET++ es una herramienta de simulación para redes de comunicaciones, el cual permite modelar protocolos, sistemas multiprocesadores o redes de telecomunicaciones. Para realizar el diseño del IDS () fueron considerados cinco ataques: DoS (), DDoS (), Ping of Death, XSS () y el MiTM (). Los ataques mencionados se emplearon por el desempeño que tienen en un ambiente real siendo amenazas que causan la denegación de servicios a clientes legítimos en una red. En la simulación se utilizaron estos ataques como las principales amenazas en la red diseñada afectando el ancho de banda de ciertos elementos, ya que es un recurso importante para la comunicación entre ellos. Posteriormente se obtuvieron resultados que muestran el daño provocado en las ?víctimas? por los ataques utilizados. Para la simulación inicialmente se emplearon como parámetros el ancho de banda de los elementos en la red, el cual fue de 250 Mbps () para los servidores y 80 Mbps para las PCs
(cont.) Estos valores fueron establecidos en función a la generación de tráfico de paquetes y ataques sobre la red, la cual es de 250 ms () para el tráfico de ataques y 100 ms para datos que no afectan como ataques a los elementos de la red considerados, tal como el correo eléctrónico o simples paquetes de texto. Finalmente los resultados obtenidos representan el desempeño del IDS diseñado ante los ataques utilizados. Durante su detección se presentaron los falsos negativos siendo tomados como parámetros para mostrar la eficiencia dicho sistema. En la ejecución de la simulación se programaron ciertos ataques que los IDS pueden detectar de manera que se pudiera observar el paso de algunos de estos ataques a través de los sistemas de seguridad y afectar a ciertas víctimas en el escenario simulado, representando así a los falsos negativos. En la simulación presentada en este trabajo de tesis, la eficiencia del sistema de seguridad compuesto por los IDS en la red se basó en el registro de los ataques que afectaron a ciertas víctimas y los que fueron detectados por el mismo sistema durante la simulación, siendo de un 93 % efectivo
(cont.) Cabe recordar que en la programación de la simulación este desempeño puede variar de acuerdo a la activación para la detección de los ataques en los IDS. .
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Books on the topic "LEMS"

1

Gräfrath, Bernd. Lems Golem: Parerga und Paralipomena. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1996.

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Jarzębski, Jerzy. Zufall und Ordnung: Zum Werk Stanisław Lems. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.

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Weltprothesen und Prothesenwelten: Zu den technischen Prognosen Arno Schmidts und Stanislaw Lems. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1991.

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Stanisa︡w Lems Prognose des Epochenendes: Die Bedrohung der menschlichen Kultur durch Wissenschaft, Technologie und Dogmatismus. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2000.

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Tęcza, Zygmunt. Das Wortspiel in der Übersetzung: Stanisław Lems Spiele mit dem Wort als Gegenstand interlingualen Transfers. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1997.

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Ein zerebraler Schriftsteller und Philosoph namens Lem: Zur Rekonstruktion von Stanisław Lems Autoren- und Werkbild im deutschen Sprachraum anhand von Fallbeispielen. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2003.

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1983-, Salmieri Daniel, ed. Around the world on eighty legs (more or less). New York: Scholastic Press, 2010.

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Nahma, Sandrow, Engquist Richard, and Goldfaden Abraham 1840-1908, eds. Kuni-Leml: Based on Avrom Goldfadn's "The Two Kuni-Lemls". New York: S. French, 1986.

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Krueger, Carol. Legs, legs, legs. Boulton Road, Stevenage: Badger, 1993.

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V, Alatalo Rauno, ed. Leks. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "LEMS"

1

Braun-Falco, Markus, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Markus Braun-Falco, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber, et al. "P-LEMS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1656. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6013.

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Froehlich, Stephan J., Carlo A. Lackerbauer, Guenter Rudolph, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Werner J. Heppt, Annette Cryer, et al. "NP-LEMS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1500–1501. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6017.

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Jordan, Berit, and Stephan Zierz. "Lambert-Eaton-Myastheniesyndrom (LEMS)." In Klinische Neurologie, 431–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60676-6_42.

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Fischer, Paul. "Russia and its Competitor LEMs." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 356–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_12.

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Hertel, K., and S. Zierz. "Erkrankungen der neuromuskulären Synapse — Myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton-myasthenes-Syndrom (LEMS)." In Immunglobuline in der klinischen Neurologie, 97–115. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93716-3_5.

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Vyvey, K., G. Neyens, D. L. Balabanski, S. Ternier, N. Coulier, S. Teughels, G. Georgiev, and R. Coussement. "Measuring Quadrupole Moments in a Recoil-Shadow Geometry Using the Lems Method." In The Nucleus, 457–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4257-5_61.

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Li, Kwai Hei. "1-μm Micro-Lens Array on Flip-Chip LEDs." In Nanostructuring for Nitride Light-Emitting Diodes and Optical Cavities, 81–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48609-2_5.

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Malhotra, Isha, and Ghanshyam Singh. "Highly Directive Lens-Less Photoconductive Dipole Array for Applications." In Terahertz Antenna Technology for Imaging and Sensing Applications, 187–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68960-5_7.

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Hanks, Laura Hourston. "Louvre-Lens, Lens, France." In New Museum Design, 125–38. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429435591-7.

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Ketring, Kerry L., and Mary Belle Glaze. "Lens." In Atlas of Feline Ophthalmology, 105–11. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704714.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "LEMS"

1

Albrechtsen, Nathan B., Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "Identifying Potential Applications for Lamina Emergent Mechanisms Using Technology Push Product Development." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28531.

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The maturation of lamina emergent mechanism (LEM) technology allows for incorporation into new products. LEMs are defined by three basic, functional characteristics: they (1) are compliant; (2) are fabricated from planar materials; and (3) emerge from a flat initial state. The associated advantages, design challenges, and design tools of each of these characteristics are described. A discussion of opportunities for LEMs that are enabled by the advantages of the functional characteristics is also included. Technology push product development processes were employed in a LEM workshop where seventeen industry professionals helped identify over 200 potential applications for the technology. The most promising ideas are described for disposable LEMs, novel arrays of LEMs, scaled LEMs, LEMs with surprising motion, shock absorbing LEMs, and deployable LEMs.
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Gollnick, Paul S., Justin D. Black, Emily E. Savage, Landen A. Bowen, Lifang Qiu, Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "A Preliminary Study of Actuation Approaches for Lamina Emergent Mechanisms." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48350.

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Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are made from sheet materials and have motion that emerges out of the fabrication plane. LEMs can be more compact, more cost effective, and more easily manufactured than many traditional mechanisms. Single-layer and multi-layer LEM designs could greatly benefit from suitable actuation techniques that are consistent with the advantages of these mechanisms. Bulky actuators may not be good choices for use with LEMs. This paper classifies forces and moments applicable to LEMs, shows how multi-layer LEMs can achieve emergent motion in simplified ways, and studies actuation methods for the macro scale. Shape memory alloys, piezo-electrics, and dielectric elastomers are explored as possible ways of setting LEMs into motion.
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Cao, Yi, Qiang Wang, Gui-lan Chen, and You-lei Qin. "Structural synthesis of LEMs based on planar kinematic chains." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Technology in Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems (CYBER). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cyber.2015.7288012.

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Guo, Fuping, and Jixin Pan. "Network Courses: Current Status, Prob-lems and Future Development." In 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET-2013). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icibet.2013.162.

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Winder, Brian G., Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "A Study of Joints Suitable for Lamina Emergent Mechanisms." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49914.

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One way to save space and reduce cost in a competitive environment is to use ortho-planar compliant mechanisms which can be made from sheets of material, or lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs). One major challenge associated with LEM design, however, is creating joints with the desired motion characteristics, especially where complex spatial mechanism topologies are required. This paper presents some important considerations for designing joints for LEMs. A technique commonly used in robotics, using serial chains of revolute and prismatic joints to approximate the motion of complex joints, is presented for use in lamina emergent mechanisms. Important considerations such as linkage configuration and simple prototyping are also discussed.
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Jacobsen, Joseph O., Larry L. Howell, and Spencer P. Magleby. "Components for the Design of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42311.

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This paper presents components for lamina emergent mechanism (LEM) that can be used as building blocks to create mechanisms capable of more complex motion. As the name suggests, lamina emergent mechanisms are fabricated out of planar materials (the lamina) but their motion is out of that plane (emergent). Lamina emergent mechanisms can provide benefits that include reduced manufacturing costs and minimal volume when in the planar state. The compact initial state of LEMs is beneficial in reducing shipping costs, especially in volume critical applications. LEMs also exhibit the potential benefits of compliant mechanisms, namely increased precision, reduced weight, reduced wear, and part count reduction. Due to the deflection of their members, compliant mechanisms have the ability to store energy, and the resulting effect can be used to perform the function of springs. The LEM components presented in this paper include flexible segments, and mechanisms with behaviors similar to planar change-point four-bar and six-bar mechanisms, and spherical change-point mechanisms.
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Albrechtsen, Nathan B., Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "Using Lamina Emergent Mechanisms to Develop Credit-Card-Sized Products." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48420.

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The compactness and portability of credit-card-sized products create a strong motivation for their development. This paper proposes that lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) provide a means for expanding the capabilities of credit-card-sized mechanisms. LEMs are a type of compliant mechanism that is fabricated from sheet goods with motion that emerges from the sheet. A review of the current state-of-the-art in credit-card-sized mechanisms reveals that there are two primary types of mechanisms most commonly used in this form factor: rigid-body mechanisms and in-plane compliant mechanisms. The challenges of each of these mechanism areas and the LEM advantage corresponding to each challenge are described. Criteria are developed for determining if a product is a suitable candidate for using LEM technology to create a credit-card-sized mechanism. The credit-card-sized LEM advantages and suitability criteria are illustrated through an example product—a compact lancing device that could be used as a main component for a more portable epinephrine syringe.
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Li, Yanlin, Lifang Qiu, Jinglin Wang, and Zhongtian Xie. "Design and Comprehensive Performance Analysis of IS-LEJ Hinges." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85517.

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The lamina emergent torsional (LET) joint is one of the most important components in lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs), which can play a key role in its movement performance. This paper summarizes the existing hinges and compares their performance. Based on this, eight new flexure hinges are designed and the finite element analysis (FEA) models are created. Their bending properties, tension and compression resistant properties are analyzed respectively. In order to achieve the preliminary judgment of flexible hinge properties, comprehensive performance parameters q1 and q2 are proposed. The comprehensive performance of the eight hinges is compared according to the calculation results of q1 and q2. The theoretical formula of hinge with best performance is deduced and verified. Finally, the effect of length on the comprehensive performance of the eight hinges are analyzed. The result shows that the structure meets the design requirement of lifting comprehensive performance of hinges.
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Chaves, Julio, Juan C. Minano, and Pablo Benitez. "Afocal video-pixel lens for tricolor LEDs." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Roland Winston and R. John Koshel. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.620148.

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Ueda, Naoki, Masaru Sasago, Akio Misaka, Hisao Kikuta, Hiroaki Kawata, and Yoshihiko Hirai. "Built-in lens mask lithography: challenge for high definition lens-less lithography." In Photomask Japan 2014, edited by Kokoro Kato. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2065251.

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Reports on the topic "LEMS"

1

Brunner, Eric, Stephen Ross, and Ebonya Washington. Does Less Income Mean Less Representation? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16835.

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Krider, J. Lithium Lens Interlocks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/948901.

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Huckfeldt, Peter, and Christopher Knittel. Pharmaceutical Use Following Generic Entry: Paying Less and Buying Less. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17046.

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Wright, Richard, Erdal Tekin, Volkan Topalli, Chandler McClellan, Timothy Dickinson, and Richard Rosenfeld. Less Cash, Less Crime: Evidence from the Electronic Benefit Transfer Program. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19996.

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Primas, Lori Ellen. SQS Fiber Lens Array. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1482901.

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Fritsch, F. N. The LEOS Interpolation Package. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005830.

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Mallett, Michael Wesley. Lens of Eye Dosimetry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1209275.

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Birge, Noah Watson, and Verena Geppert-Kleinrath. MixIT LDRD Lens Design. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1633554.

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Author, Not Given. LEDS GP Success Story: Fostering Coordinated LEDS Support in Kenya (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1127275.

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Nowlan, G. S., and T. P. Poulton. Les fossiles. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/225322.

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