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1
Guerini, Federica. "APPUNTI PER UNA EDIZIONE DEL GLOSSARIO BERGAMASCO MEDIOEVALE DI ANTONIO TIRABOSCHI." Italiano LinguaDue 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 589–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/17150.
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Il presente contribuito descrive la struttura e i contenuti del Glossario Bergamasco Medioevale di Antonio Tiraboschi, attualmente conservato presso la Biblioteca Civica Angelo Mai di Bergamo, e costituito da quattro quaderni manoscritti e inediti, all’interno dei quali sono registrati oltre 2000 lemmi organizzati alfabeticamente. Si descrivono le fonti, edite e inedite, dalle quali Tiraboschi attinge i frammenti citati all’interno di ciascun lemma e si propone una classificazione delle annotazioni di cui il Glossario si compone in tre sottogruppi:
note di carattere dialettologico, riguardanti gli esiti di forme latine o proto-romanze in italiano e nei dialetti gallo-italici (bergamasco, in primis) o relative alle particolari sfumature semantiche osservabili nel lessico del bergamasco;
annotazioni di natura linguistica sulla comparsa di costruzioni romanze in sostituzione delle costruzioni latine, e sulle innovazioni semantiche romanze ravvisabili all’interno dei frammenti citati ad esemplificazione di ciascun lemma;
osservazioni di carattere onomastico, relative a toponimi, microtoponimi e – più raramente – nomi personali.
L’analisi condotta rappresenta un passo preliminare alla realizzazione di una edizione digitale (consultabile in modalità Open access a partire dalla home page della Biblioteca Civica Angelo Mai) dei preziosi materiali linguistici di cui il Glossario si compone e di una corrispondente edizione cartacea, che favoriscano valorizzazione e la fruizione del lavoro svolto dallo studioso bergamasco.
Notes for an edition of Glossario Bergamasco Medioevale by Antonio Tiraboschi
This paper describes the structure and the content of Antonio Tiraboschi's Glossario Bergamasco Medioevale, currently preserved at the Biblioteca Civica Angelo Mai in Bergamo, consisting of four manuscripts and unpublished notebooks containing more than 2000 alphabetically organized headwords. The sources, both published and unpublished, from which Tiraboschi drew the fragments cited as part of each lemma are described and a classification of the annotations into three subgroups is proposed:
notes of a dialectological nature, concerning either Latin or proto-Roman forms in Italian as well as in the Gallo-Italic dialects (Bergamasque, in primis) or relating to particular semantic nuances observable in the lexicon of Bergamasque;
linguistic notes on the appearance of Romance constructions replacing Latin constructions and questionable Romance semantic innovations in the fragments cited as examples of each lemma;
onomastic observations, concerning toponyms, microtoponyms and - more rarely - personal names.
This analysis is preliminary step towards creating a digital edition (available in Open access mode from the home page of the Biblioteca Civica Angelo Mai) of the precious linguistic materials which compose the Glossary and a corresponding paper edition, which will favor the valorization and fruition of the work carried out by the Bergamasque scholar.
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Lewandowski, Sharon M., W. R. Bushnell, and C. Kent Evans. "Distribution of Mycelial Colonies and Lesions in Field-Grown Barley Inoculated with Fusarium graminearum." Phytopathology® 96, no. 6 (June 2006): 567–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-96-0567.
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External surfaces of barley florets have thick-walled epidermal cells resistant to direct penetration by the head blight pathogen, Fusarium graminearum. Surfaces within the floral cavity have thin-walled, susceptible cells. How the fungus gains access to the floral cavity, causing head blight, has not been determined. To investigate pathways of entry, field-grown plants were sprayed with macroconidial inoculum after heads emerged from the flag leaf sheath and then were mist irrigated daily in the morning and evening. On selected days, 1 to 8 days after inoculation (DAI), 80 to 190 florets per day were harvested, dissected, and examined for presence and location of mycelial colonies. At 1 to 12 DAI, 57 to 100 florets likewise were examined for lesions. Patterns of colonization indicated that the fungus entered florets principally through crevices between the overlapping lemma and palea or through the apical floret mouth. The crevices were open for entry until ≈8 days after heads emerged. Most florets had mycelial colonies on the external surface in a sheltered pocket near the base of the ventral furrow of the palea. Mycelia spread laterally from the furrow to the crevice between lemma and palea. Anther colonization had only a minor role in invasion of florets. Hyphal penetration of stomates was not seen. Lesions usually developed first within 3 mm of the floret apex or 3 mm of the floret base. Within florets, lesions often were contiguous between lemma and palea, palea and caryopsis, or in all three floret parts. However, lesions in the caryopsis developed later and were fewer in number than in the lemma and palea and always were associated with lesions in the palea. The results show the importance of initial mycelial colonization of floret outer surfaces, pathways of entry via lemma or palea crevices or floret mouth, and spread of lesions within the floret at interfaces between lemma, palea, and caryopsis.
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Luef, Eva Maria, and Jong-Seung Sun. "Wordform-specific frequency effects cause acoustic variation in zero-inflected homophones." Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 711–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psicl-2020-0024.
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Abstract The frequency with which a word appears in the lexicon has implications for its pronunciation. Numerous studies have shown that high-frequency lemma are characterized by more phonetic reduction than lower-frequency lemma. These findings have proven to be particularly useful in the study of homophones where frequency-related reduction processes can give insights into lexical access theories. The majority of research on homophones and frequency effects has focused on heterographic and semantically unrelated homophones (e.g., English time – thyme) or investigated zero-derived homophones (e.g., English the cut, noun – to cut, verb). Here, zero inflection in German pluralization (e.g., ein Würfel ‘one die’– zwei Würfel ‘two dice’) was investigated to determine if and how frequency effects impact on the acoustic realization of the homophonous singular-plural word pairs. The findings indicate that the number-specified wordforms show acoustic variation related to wordform frequency and the relative frequency of the singular to plural inflected forms. Results differ for durations of wordforms, stem vowels, and final phonemes. Our findings have implications for lexical access theories and can inform about ‘frequency inheritance’ across the singular and plural homophones of the zero-inflected plurals.
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Ma, Chao, Haiying Gao, and Duo Wei. "A CP-ABE Scheme Supporting Arithmetic Span Programs." Security and Communication Networks 2020 (March 16, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3265871.
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Attribute-based encryption achieves fine-grained access control, especially in a cloud computing environment. In a ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) scheme, the ciphertexts are associated with the access policies, while the secret keys are determined by the attributes. In recent years, people have tried to find more effective access structures to improve the efficiency of encryption systems. This paper presents a ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme that supports arithmetic span programs. On the composite-order bilinear group, the security of the scheme is proven by experimental sequence based on the combination of composite-order bilinear entropy expansion lemma and subgroup decision (SD) assumption. And, it is an adaptively secure scheme with constant-size public parameters.
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de Bot, Kees, T. Sima Paribakht, and Marjorie Bingham Wesche. "TOWARD A LEXICAL PROCESSING MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF SECOND LANGUAGE VOCABULARY ACQUISITION." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 19, no. 3 (September 1997): 309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263197003021.
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A major requirement for theory development in L2 vocabulary acquisition is an adequate model of L2 lexical organization and processing. At present, there is no widely accepted model of this kind, but recent research has demonstrated the potential usefulness of Levelt's (1989, 1993) L1 speech processing model (de Bot & Schreuder, 1993; Green, 1993; Poulisse, 1993). This paper explores the relevance of the model as adapted for L2 lexical processing of written texts, with particular attention to its mental lexicon components (concepts, lemmas, and lexemes) and organization. The model is first discussed in terms of its relevance to L2 lexical access, retrieval, and acquisition processes. Findings of an introspective L2 vocabulary study follow, detailing how university ESL learners reported dealing with unfamiliar words while carrying out L2 reading tasks. The information provided on their lexical inferencing strategy and varied knowledge sources used in the process provide support for the lexical components and organization proposed by Levelt. It is argued in this paper that the process of inferring the features of unknown words in a reading passage can be described in terms of lemma construction, as defined in the model.
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Sivaeva, O. "SEMANTIC PROSODY OF THE LEMMA VACCINE IN THE MEDIA TEXTS." Studia Philologica 1, no. 16 (2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2021.166.
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This paper discusses the results of the corpus-based analysis of the semantic prosody of collocations with VACCINE in the broadsheet ‘The Guardian’. The corpus has been processed with the help of Sketch Engine. Text passages containing collocations with VACCINE have been interpreted in order to state the prosody mode of the collocation in the context. The study mostly pays attention to the nouns modified by VACCINE as most frequently used in the media texts. The dictionary definition of VACCINE defines it as a word with positive semantic prosody. The discourse analysis demonstrates that collocations containing the lemma VACCINE can have positive, negative or neutral semantic colouring, which depends on the contextual meaning of the analyzed passage and which is also based on the semantic prosody mode of other words in the passage, which actually designates and presupposes the mode of the collocations in question. The nouns supply, safety, mask, uptake, access, protection, production, certification used in ‘The Guardian’ articles, having positive semantic prosody in the pattern noun + VACCINE, in general create a positive metaphorical image and defense from Covid-19. However, the nouns hesitancy, misinformation, availability and skepticism possessing negative semantic prosody, are mostly used to describe people’s unwillingness to get vaccinated and their doubts about the effectiveness of the procedure. Collocations with type, mechanism, distribution, usage and VACCINE have a neutral semantic prosody, which shows that such collocations are used in text passages in the surrounding of neither positive nor negative words and the whole passage serves as a statement of some facts without being evaluated.
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NiCastro, J. R. A. J. "Study of Two-Sided Similarity Methods Using a Radiation “Switch on” Imploding Shock in a Magnetic Field." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2018 (June 24, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9701268.
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This paper explores aspects of two-sided similarity modeling using cylindrical geometry for radiating shock waves embedded in a medium with a magnetic field. Two-sided similarity solution techniques may be used to link states influenced by long range near instantaneous fields that continually modify the pre- and postshock zones. Emergent radiation scaling relations are immediately available from consistent homologies. For both small angle and large angle measurements, an approximate analytic technique in the vicinity of luminous fronts together with the high symmetry implications delineated in Lemma provides direct access to the homology parameters. The parameters obtained using this process can augment the constraint relations and contribute to establishing relevant similarity homologies.
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GOÑI, JOSÉ M., JOSÉ C. GONZÁLEZ, and ANTONIO MORENO. "ARIES: A lexical platform for engineering Spanish processing tools." Natural Language Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 1997): 317–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324997001812.
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We present a lexical platform that has been developed for the Spanish language. It achieves portability between different computer systems and efficiency, in terms of speed and lexical coverage. A model for the full treatment of Spanish inflectional morphology for verbs, nouns and adjectives is presented. This model permits word formation based solely on morpheme concatenation, driven by a feature-based unification grammar. The run-time lexicon is a collection of allomorphs for both stems and endings. Although not tested, it should be suitable also for other Romance and highly inflected languages. A formalism is also described for encoding a lemma-based lexical source, well suited for expressing linguistic generalizations: inheritance classes, lemma encoding, morpho-graphemic allomorphy rules and limited type-checking. From this source base, we can automatically generate an allomorph indexed dictionary adequate for efficient retrieval and processing. A set of software tools has been implemented around this formalism: lexical base augmenting aids, lexical compilers to build run-time dictionaries and access libraries for them, feature manipulation libraries, unification and pseudo-unification modules, morphological processors, a parsing system, etc. Software interfaces among the different modules and tools are cleanly defined to ease software integration and tool combination in a flexible way. Directions for accessing our e-mail and web demonstration prototypes are also provided. Some figures are given, showing the lexical coverage of our platform compared to some popular spelling checkers.
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Deundyak, Vladimir M., and Denis V. Zagumennov. "On the Properties of Algebraic Geometric Codes as Copy Protection Codes." Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems 27, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1818-1015-2020-1-22-38.
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Traceability schemes which are applied to the broadcast encryption can prevent unauthorized parties from accessing the distributed data. In a traceability scheme a distributor broadcasts the encrypted data and gives each authorized user unique key and identifying word from selected error-correcting code for decrypting. The following attack is possible in these schemes: groups of c malicious users are joining into coalitions and gaining illegal access to the data by combining their keys and identifying codewords to obtain pirate key and codeword. To prevent this attacks, classes of error-correcting codes with special c-FP and c-TA properties are used. In particular, c -FP codes are codes that make direct compromise of scrupulous users impossible and c -TA codes are codes that make it possible to identify one of the aackers. We are considering the problem of evaluating the lower and the upper boundaries on c, within which the L-construction algebraic geometric codes have the corresponding properties. In the case of codes on an arbitrary curve the lower bound for the c-TA property was obtained earlier; in this paper, the lower bound for the c-FP property was constructed. In the case of curves with one infinite point, the upper bounds for the value of c are obtained for both c-FP and c-TA properties. During our work, we have proved an auxiliary lemma and the proof contains an explicit way to build a coalition and a pirate identifying vector. Methods and principles presented in the lemma can be important for analyzing broadcast encryption schemes robustness. Also, the c-FP and c-TA boundaries monotonicity by subcodes are proved.
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Alshehri, Amira Abdullah. "The L1 Semantic Retrieval of L2 Words: Evidence from Advanced L2 Learners’ Reaction Times." World Journal of English Language 12, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n1p334.
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According to the first language (L1) lemma mediation hypothesis, second language learners, regardless of their level of second language (L2) proficiency, access the meaning of L2 words via their first language (Jiang, 2004). To test this hypothesis, a semantic judgment task was conducted on 30 advanced Arab speakers of English, in which they were presented with 86 pairs of English words and had to decide whether each pair was semantically related. Some semantically related pairs are classified as same translation pairs because their members share the same L1 translation, whereas others are semantically related but do not share the same L1 translation, hence they are classified as different translation pairs. Two instruments were used to record the reaction times and determine accuracy: DMDX and Gorilla. The results revealed that the highly proficient L2 speakers rated same translation pairs as semantically related significantly faster than their responses to different translation pairs. When compared with the 28 native speakers’ results, there was a significant difference in the reaction times of the two groups. This provides evidence that the underlying processes of L1 and L2 vocabulary acquisition is substantially different: L2 learners rely on their well-established conceptual system to access the meaning of L2 words.
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Sun, Yanchao, Guangfu Ma, Liangming Chen, and Pengyu Wang. "Neural network-based distributed adaptive configuration containment control for satellite formations." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 12 (June 23, 2017): 2349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410017714008.
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Considering unknown perturbations and model uncertainties, this paper investigates the configuration containment control for satellite formations based on directed communication topologies. We consider that there are multiple leader satellites with constant relative velocities, while only a subset of follower satellites have access to the leaders. First, a distributed velocity observer is proposed for each follower to obtain velocity information of the leaders. Then, a distributed adaptive configuration containment control algorithm is proposed in which the model nonlinear uncertainties are approximated and compensated through neural networks, while the perturbations and approximation errors are compensated by adaptive gain technique. Furthermore, subject to the chattering caused by sign functions, an improved continuous containment strategy is developed. We use graph theory, Lyapunov theory, and Barbalat lemma to demonstrate that both proposed methods can make all the follower satellites converge to the convex hull spanned by the leader satellites. Numerical examples and comparisons are provided to show the effectiveness and performances of the proposed control strategies.
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Turan, Erhan, and Umut Orhan. "Confidence Indexing of Automated Detected Synsets: A Case Study on Contemporary Turkish Dictionary." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469724.
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In this study, a novel confidence indexing algorithm is proposed to minimize human labor in controlling the reliability of automatically extracted synsets from a non-machine-readable monolingual dictionary. Contemporary Turkish Dictionary of Turkish Language Association is used as the monolingual dictionary data. First, the synonym relations are extracted by traditional text processing methods from dictionary definitions and a graph is prepared in Lemma-Sense network architecture. After each synonym relation is labeled by a proper confidence index, synonym pairs with desired confidence indexes are analyzed to detect synsets with a spanning tree-based method. This approach can label synsets with one of three cumulative confidence levels (CL-1, CL-2, and CL-3). According to the confidence levels, synsets are compared with KeNet which is the only open access Turkish Wordnet. Consequently, while most matches with the synsets of KeNet is determined in CL-1 and CL-2 confidence levels, the synsets determined at CL-3 level reveal errors in the dictionary definitions. This novel approach does not find only the reliability of automatically detected synsets, but it can also point out errors of detected synsets from the dictionary.
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Scheepers, Marion. "Finite powers of strong measure zero sets." Journal of Symbolic Logic 64, no. 3 (September 1999): 1295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2586631.
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AbstractIn a previous paper—[17]—we characterized strong measure zero sets of reals in terms of a Ramseyan partition relation on certain subspaces of the Alexandroff duplicate of the unit interval. This framework gave only indirect access to the relevant sets of real numbers. We now work more directly with the sets in question, and since it costs little in additional technicalities, we consider the more general context of metric spaces and prove:1. If a metric space has a covering property of Hurewicz and has strong measure zero, then its product with any strong measure zero metric space is a strong measure zero metric space (Theorem 1 and Lemma 3).2. A subspace X of a σ-compact metric space Y has strong measure zero if, and only if, a certain Ramseyan partition relation holds for Y (Theorem 9).3. A subspace X of a σ-compact metric space Y has strong measure zero in all finite powers if, and only if, a certain Ramseyan partition relation holds for Y (Theorem 12).Then 2 and 3 yield characterizations of strong measure zeroness for σ-totally bounded metric spaces in terms of Ramseyan theorems.
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Schilder, A. M. C., and G. C. Bergstrom. "Infection of wheat seed by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 510–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-069.
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The seed infection process of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, incitant of tan spot of wheat, was investigated, as were several influencing factors. Following inoculation of the wheat spike, P. tritici-repentis gained access to the seed by first colonizing the glume, lemma, or palea. Seed infection was first observed 3 d after inoculation, and infection incidence increased with time and with inoculum concentration. Wheat seeds were susceptible to infection by this fungus throughout most of their development, although inoculation at the milk stage resulted in the highest percentage of infected seeds. Susceptibility to foliar infection by P. tritici-repentis was not a good predictor of susceptibility to seed infection in four wheat cultivars tested in a glasshouse experiment, except perhaps in ‘BR 8’, which was significantly less susceptible than the other cultivars at early and late stages of seed development. In a field experiment, wheat seed infection by P. tritici-repentis occurred primarily after the early dough stage and was positively correlated with tan spot severity on the flag leaf shortly after anthesis. Key words: wheat, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Drechslera tritici-repentis, tan spot, seed infection, New York.
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Tudor, Nicoleta Liviana. "Optimization of Queries with Conjunction of Predicates." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2007.3.2361.
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<p>A method to optimize the access at the objects of a relational database is through the optimization of the queries. This article presents an approach of the cost model used in optimization of Select-Project-Join (SPJ) queries with conjunction of predicates and proposes a join optimization algorithm named System RO-H (System Rank Ordering Heuristic). The System RO-H algorithm for optimizing SPJ queries with conjunction of predicates is a System R Dynamic Programming algorithm that extends optimal linear join subplans using a rank-ordering heuristic method as follows: choosing a predicate in ascending order according to the h-metric, where the h-metric depends on the selectivity and the cost per tuple of the predicate, using an expression with heuristic constants.<br />The System Rank-Ordering Heuristic algorithm finds an optimal plan in the space of linear left deep join trees. The System RO-H algorithm saves not a single plan, but multiple optimal plans for every subset, one for each distinct such order, termed interesting order. In order to build an optimal execution plan for a set S of i relations, the optimal plan for each subset of S, consisting of i-1 relations is extended, using the Lemma based on a h-metric for predicates. Optimal plans for subsets are stored and reused. The optimization algorithm chooses a plan of least cost from the execution space.</p>
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Cheng, Leixiao, Fei Meng, Xianmeng Meng, and Qixin Zhang. "AKC-Based Revocable ABE Schemes from LWE Assumption." Security and Communication Networks 2020 (November 16, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8834872.
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The emergence of quantum computing threatens many classical cryptographic schemes, leading to the innovations in public-key cryptography for postquantum cryptography primitives and protocols that resist to quantum attacks. Lattice-based cryptography is considered to be one of the promising mathematical approaches to achieving security resistant to quantum attacks, which could be built on the learning with errors (LWE) problem and its variants. The fundamental building blocks of protocols for public-key encryption (PKE) and key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) submitted to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) based on LWE and its variants are called key consensus (KC) and asymmetric key consensus (AKC) by Jin et al. They are powerful tools for constructing PKE schemes. In this work, we further demonstrate the power of KC/AKC by proposing two special types of PKE schemes, namely, revocable attribute-based encryption (RABE). To be specific, on the basis of AKC and PKE/KEM protocols submitted to the NIST based on LWE and its variants, combined with full-rank difference, trapdoor on lattices, sampling algorithms, leftover hash lemma, and binary tree structure, we propose two directly revocable ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (DR-ABE) schemes from LWE, which support flexible threshold access policies on multivalued attributes, achieving user-level and attribute-level user revocation, respectively. Specifically, the construction of the ciphertext is derived from AKC, and the revocation list is defined and embedded into the ciphertext by the message sender to revoke a user in the user-level revocable scheme or revoke some attributes of a certain user in the attribute-level revocable scheme. We also discuss how to outsource decryption and reduce the workload for the end user. Our schemes proved to be secure in the standard model, assuming the hardness of the LWE problem. The two schemes imply the versatility of KC/AKC.
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Bongaerts, Theo. "Niet-Intentioneel Gebruik van de Eerste Taal in Mondelinge Tweede-Taalproduktie." Taalproduktie 48 (January 1, 1994): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.48.03bon.
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The results are presented of a study of unintentional switches to the L1 in L2 speech production, and the relevance of the findings for current views on bilingual speech production is discussed. The data for the study are 771 unintentional switches to Dutch at the word level in a 140,000 word corpus of L2 speech produced by 45 Dutch learners of English at three different proficiency levels. The learners' use of switches to the L1 appeared to be related to their L2 proficiency level. Function words were more often involved in unintentional codeswitching than content words, particularly in the case of the less advanced L2 learners. These findings are interpreted as providing support for current spreading activation accounts of lexical access in bilingual speech production in which the relative frequency of L1 and L2 words in the learner's repertoire plays an important role. Following Levelt (1993), it is assumed that the frequency effect plays a role at the lexeme or word form level rather than at the lemma level. Arguments are advanced that the unintentional use of L1 words in L2 production can be viewed as the result of errors, or slips, in lexical access at the lexeme level. Most switches were not in any way adapted to the L2 system, but there were a few instances of morphological (12) and phonological (10) adaptation to the L2. The cases of morphological adaptation all involved the use of a Dutch base form (stem) without the appropriate Dutch inflectional morpheme. In all cases the unintentionally used Dutch words were adapted to English in the sense that, in accordance with the rules of English, no inflectional morphemes were added to the stem. The absence of Dutch inflections offers support for Myers-Scotton's (1993) Matrix Language Frame Model, which predicts that in L2 + L1 constituents, in which L2 is the matrix language and L1 the embedded language, inflectional morphemes are supplied by the L2. Finally, on the basis of the occurrence of certain adaptations in the data and the absence of certain other adaptations, it is, be it tentatively, concluded that inflected words must be stored in the mental lexicon both fully and in decomposed form and that there is a checking device which intercepts forms that are not represented in the mental lexicon.
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Johansson, Marjut, Jarmo H. Jantunen, Anne Heimo, Mirka Ahonen, and Veronika Laippala. "Verkkokeskustelujen kansa." Sananjalka 60, no. 60. (December 17, 2018): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.30673/sja.69963.
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People 'kansa' in digital discourses.
Corpus-assisted discourse analysis on Suomi24 discussion forum.
In this paper, our objective is to analyze how participants use the word kansa 'people' on the largest discussion forum in Finland, called Suomi24 (Finland 24). Our main research questions are the following: 1) What kinds of discourses the forum participants relate to kansa 'people' and 2) what kinds of representations the writers attach to kansa and what kinds of meanings they construct for the term on the discussion forum.
Our theoretical and methodological approach is based on corpus-assisted discourse analysis and on digital discourse analysis. Studying the data from two different perspectives with two different methods will give two complementary views on the discourses of kansa. In the first part of the study, we analyzed the 2,4-billion-token Suomi24 data in its entirety applying corpus-assisted discourse studies and keyword analysis in order to analyze the discourses and representations that the discussion participants attach to kansa. To this end, we extracted all paragraphs were the lemma kansa was used. Alltogether, the data contain about 829 000 occurrences of the lemma.
In the second phase, we executed qualitative digital discourse analysis in which we focused on the positioning of the word kansa (people) by examining the type of linguistic action in the utterances where it was used, what kind of relation and agreement/isagreement writers expressed in relation to the topic and object of talk they were writing about.
The first analysis showed that the most frequent discourses attached to kansa were religion, politics and power, ethnicity and society. In particular, these indicate that kansa is often represented through religion and that the discourses relate kansa strongly to nation-state, that is, independence, government and ethnic groups. Furthermore, kansa is often associated with inequality in the society, where parts of the kansa are seen as disfavoured.
The second analysis, based on digital discourse analysis, reveals that the word people is used in the following five ways. First, kansa is positioned as either in the biblical sense or as religious people who blames others. Second, writers describe stupid people and they complain and blame while showing their disregard towards people. Third, people was described as victim, betrayed, and oppressed without access to power. Here, the writers complain and accuse. Forth, the people was described as social actor through the use of cognitive verbs and speech act verbs showing intelligence of this people to which the writers belonged. The last category was a mixed one that contained people as representative of a nation or described with some quality, such as sisukas kansa (persistent people, or people with guts).
The results show that kansa (people) are used in very familiar and stereotypical ways. This word functions as part of an ideological discourse in the discussions in this forum that allow writers to build their self-image, distinguish themselves from the people or in order to legitimate their own position in a way that other writers recognize the shared and reproduced representation of people. In this way, this representation is part of this new kind of public vernacular discourse in various platforms of social media produced by ordinary people. However, these representations of the kansa (people) did not present any novel ways of understanding people.
Avainsanat: verkkokeskustelu, korpusavusteinen diskurssintutkimus, avainsana-analyysi, digitaalinen diskurssianalyysi, representaatio
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Tiffany, Rafael, and Susan Moffat. "Monumental Hydraulics." Boom 6, no. 3 (2016): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2016.6.3.40.
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Water system infrastructure and the monuments that commemorate it in California and Mexico are evidence of similarities in their cultures’ water regimes. Mexico’s Lerma Waterworks site argues the importance of reliable water provision for Mexico City’s modern identity. The mid-20th c. architecture and the murals designed by Diego Rivera, entitled “Agua, Origen de la Vida,” narrate the journey of water as it flows continuously from the indigenous past and into the modern present. Along the way, Rivera represents water as bridging distinct locations, cultures, and social classes. This mythic rendering, however, does not account for today’s disparity in water access in the city today.
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Myers, James. "Chinese as a natural experiment." Mental Lexicon 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2010): 421–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.5.3.09mye.
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The Chinese lexicon is characterized by its typologically unique one-to-one-to-one mapping of morphemes, syllables, and orthographic characters. This architecture poses practical difficulties for the psycholinguist wanting to study lexical processing in Chinese. More seriously, seen as a natural experiment, Chinese challenges assumptions that processing models traditionally make about the roles of phonemes, morphemes, lemmas, and words in lexical access. It is argued that cross-linguistic variation in lexical processing cannot be accommodated by simply modifying lexical processing models, but instead what is needed is a universal learning model. Suggestions are given for how such a model could be tested empirically by extending methods already used for testing language-specific lexical processing.
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Erjavec, Tomaž. "The IJS-ELAN Slovene-English Parallel Corpus." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 7, no. 1 (October 18, 2002): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.7.1.01erj.
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The paper presents an annotated parallel Slovene-English corpus developed in the scope of the EU ELAN project. The IJS-ELAN corpus was compiled to be a widely distributable dataset for language engineering and for translation and terminology studies. The corpus contains 1 million words from fifteen recent terminology-rich texts. The corpus is sentence aligned and word-tagged with context disambiguated morphosyntactic descriptions and lemmas. These descriptions model simple feature structures, the structure of which is shared between Slovene and English. The corpus is encoded according to the Guidelines for Text Encoding and Interchange and is freely available on the Web for downloading. Additionally, access to IJS-ELAN is available via a powerful Web concordancer.
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Lu 盧慧娟, Hui-Chuan, Cai-Yu Song 宋采育, and An Chung Cheng 鄭安中. "The Spanish Collocation Tool and Its Application in Corpus-Based Study of Spanish for Teaching and Learning." Círculo de Lingüística Aplicada a la Comunicación 85 (January 19, 2021): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/clac.73731.
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The purpose of this paper is to introduce a developed software program called the “Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT)” and its application in related corpus-based studies. The Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT) was designed to assist with the research and analysis of Spanish collocation. The SCT allows searches of collocated elements not limited to words, but also parts of speech and lemmas. Furthermore, it can compare two collocation lists to detect any significant differences between them. In this study, this collocation tool, SCT, and a constructed L3 Taiwanese learners’ written corpus of Spanish called CEATE were combined to create efficient access to results in a systematic approach. Furthermore, by using the SCT, the pedagogical implications of the search results for the development of on-line multimedia material for learning Spanish collocations are discussed in the end.
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Oyarzun R., Pablo. "Suceso y teleología. Un indicio sobre la "lectura" de Kant en Kleist." Ideas y Valores 66, no. 163 (January 1, 2017): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ideasyvalores.v66n163.61802.
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Se aborda la llamada Kantkrise de Heinrich von Kleist, entendida como el colapso epistemológico de toda posibilidad de acceso a la cosa en sí debido a su carácter radicalmente indecidible. Sin embargo, tal imposibilidad sigue conservando una vigencia negativa, como una brecha que adquiere para Kleist el carácter del suceso y, por consiguiente, de la soberanía de la contingencia. Esta se convierte en el principio fundamental de la producción literaria (dramatúrgica, narrativa y ensayística) de Kleist, reconocible en el lema “el frágil ordenamiento del mundo”, en la frágil constitución del sujeto y la inminencia constante de su destitución.
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Pliego Alvarado, Esmeralda, and Gloria Jovita Guadarrama Sánchez. "Gobernanza y derecho al agua: Prácticas comunes y particularidades de los comités comunitarios de agua potable." Sociedad y Ambiente, no. 20 (July 1, 2019): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31840/sya.v0i20.1992.
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El artículo explora las particularidades en la gestión de la provisión de agua en México, mediante el examen de los arreglos de gobernanza en los que intervienen actores gubernamentales, privados y sociales. El análisis se sustenta en investigación documental y de campo en dos casos de estudio de municipios en la región del alto Lerma: Xalatlaco y Santiago Tianguistenco. Parte de la idea de que los procesos de inclusión y exclusión al derecho al agua están condicionados por la forma en que se asumen los arreglos de gobernanza con las organizaciones comunitarias que participan en la gestión del recurso. La exploración muestra que las organizaciones comunitarias son actores que determinan el acceso al agua en las poblaciones.
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Patiño-Loira, Javier. "“Meddling with Royal Hearts”: Interiority and Privanza (1598-1643)." Culture & History Digital Journal 6, no. 2 (November 29, 2017): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2017.017.
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This paper studies how seventeenth-century writers in Spain elaborated different conceptions of interiority in connection with the intimacy they imagined between the king and his favorite or privado. Authors in the days of Lerma, Uceda and Olivares portrayed the relation between king and privado in terms that generally relied on inherited notions of ideal friendship, which nonetheless would clash with concerns about the ubiquity of deceit, simulation and dissimulation at the court. This seemed to set boundaries to the unlimited transparency and trust expected between friends. I will address three issues. First, the way writers imagine the favorite’s access to the king’s secrets, as well as the nature of these secrets. Second, the space of intimacy and shared loneliness in which they conceive the friendship of king and privado to materialize. Third, the transformations that take place in the favorite’s interiority as a result of his relation with the king and his position at the court.
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FLORIAN, RADU, SILVIU CUCERZAN, CHARLES SCHAFER, and DAVID YAROWSKY. "Combining Classifiers for word sense disambiguation." Natural Language Engineering 8, no. 4 (December 2002): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324902002978.
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Classifier combination is an effective and broadly useful method of improving system performance. This article investigates in depth a large number of both well-established and novel classifier combination approaches for the word sense disambiguation task, studied over a diverse classifier pool which includes feature-enhanced Naïve Bayes, Cosine, Decision List, Transformation-based Learning and MMVC classifiers. Each classifier has access to the same rich feature space, comprised of distance weighted bag-of-lemmas, local ngram context and specific syntactic relations, such as Verb-Object and Noun-Modifier. This study examines several key issues in system combination for the word sense disambiguation task, ranging from algorithmic structure to parameter estimation. Experiments using the standard SENSEVAL2 lexical-sample data sets in four languages (English, Spanish, Swedish and Basque) demonstrate that the combination system obtains a significantly lower error rate when compared with other systems participating in the SENSEVAL2 exercise, yielding state-of-the-art performance on these data sets.
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Aguirre Chávez, Felipe. "Editorial." Revista EDUCA UMCH, no. 20 (December 26, 2022): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.35756/educaumch.202220.248.
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Los contextos históricos sociales tienen por sí rostros genuinos e irrepetibles y, por eso, cada generación, cada ser humano ubicado en su época y situación ha enfrentado sus propios problemas y sueños.
El contexto de pandemia, desde una mirada optimista, además de sus días negros, nos ha traído luces; detrás de sus gigantescas dificultades, aparentemente insalvables, también nos ha regalado perspectivas; ha reconfigurado nuestra forma de ver la vida y nuestros planes y también ha fortalecido nuestra fe en ese amor reconfortante y salvador que nuestra comunidad universitaria expresa en su lema institucional Super petram aedificabo, es decir, mientras se construya la casa sobre la roca de un Dios vivo y amoroso, toda aspiración humana positiva será sólida ante cualquier día negro y turbulento.
Nuestra Revista EDUCA UMCH, adherida a la iniciativa de Budapest para el acceso abierto, publicado en el 2002, asume el acceso abierto, sin restricciones a su contenido bajo el principio de que el trabajo colaborativo contribuye al intercambio global y producción del conocimiento al servicio del desarrollo de todos.
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Mejía, Sylvia, and Carlos Ospina Bozzi. "SINCRONÍA EN EL ESPACIO TIEMPO." Revista Palobra, "palabra que obra" 4, no. 4 (April 29, 2016): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/2346-2884-vol.4-num.4-2003-935.
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La propuesta de Vídeo-Transformación y el Programa Orígenes son dos proyectos alternativos para el uso del medio audiovisual que se desarrollaron en forma paralela en distintas regiones geográficas colombianas. No obstante, estas dos iniciativas comparten varias características y principios en su concepción, entre las cuales se destaca la ruptura con la comunicación vertical y la búsqueda de nuevos lenguajes. El artículo analiza esta convergencia de “sincronía en el espacio tiempo”, en la que bajo el lema "la gente le habla a la gente", Orígenes da acceso a grupos de la población para la producción de televisión y la Video Transformación, utiliza diversas metodologías como herramienta para el empoderamiento personal y comunitario, ambas con el propósito de mejorar las condiciones de vida potenciando el desarrollo comunitario participativo y haciendo uso de los medios como poderosos instrumentos de cambio social.
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Becerril-Sánchez, Teresa, José Juan Méndez-Ramírez, and Adrián Orozco-Hernández. "Vinculación entre estructura y equipamiento urbano con la accesibilidad del adulto mayor en Toluca, Metepec y Lerma, México." Quivera Revista de Estudios Territoriales 24, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36677/qret.v24i2.19428.
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La dinámica demográfica que enfrenta hoy en día nuestras ciudades demanda una organización y estructura urbana que responda a los nuevos requerimientos, esto es, que responda a las necesidades de un sector cada vez más visible como lo es la atención de la población adulta mayor. Cada vez este sector demográfico se amplía, es decir, existe un mayor número de población adulta mayor en nuestras ciudades, por ende, los requerimientos en cuanto a estructura y organización de las ciudades son más específicos, tal es el caso de una estructura urbana y distribución de equipamiento urbano especializado que permita su fácil acceso a este sector vulnerable de la población. En este trabajo se tiene como objetivo analizar si la actual estructura y equipamiento urbanos especializado en la ciudad de Toluca, Metepec y Lerma satisface las necesidades de accesibilidad de la población adulta mayor y si esto incide en la calidad de vida de este sector de población vulnerable a fin de que pueda ser replicado en otras ciudades con características similares. Para lograrlo se recurre a una caracterización urbana en torno a indicadores como estructura urbana, equipamiento urbano especializado, población adulta mayor, desplazamientos, motivo de traslado, interacción espacial, entre otros. Dicha caracterización parte de información estadística, documental, y de campo. Todo ello se constituye en el insumo y soporte de este trabajo.
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Sanchez, Melisa Ruth, and María Cecilia Johnson. ""Niñas, no madres"." Ciencias Sociales y Religión/Ciências Sociais e Religião 22 (September 2, 2020): e020021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/csr.v22i00.13511.
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En el presente trabajo se propone analizar el caso de Lucía, una niña argentina obligada a parir mediante cesárea, en febrero 2019 en la provincia de Tucumán. A partir de este caso se busca comprender los procesos de imbricación de diversos dispositivos de poderes conservadores. El trabajo –anclado en una perspectiva feminista e interseccional – se realiza a partir de recuperar fuentes de medios gráficos de comunicación de acceso virtual y presenta sus resultados mediante tres secciones. Primero, se analiza la noción de “madre” y cómo opera de forma prescriptiva y disciplinante sobre el cuerpo de Lucía. Luego, se examinan las formas en cómo operan los discursos conservadores tanto desde dispositivos religiosos, institucionales del sistema de salud, como científicos en la experiencia de Lucía. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre quiénes se articulan a favor de los derechos sexuales y (no) reproductivos de Lucía, disputando los sentidos de maternidad y niñez, bajo el lema “#Niñas, No Madres”.
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Atkočiūnienė, Zenona. "Mokslo komunikacija: Lietuvos mokslo žurnalai mokslo komunikacijos kaitos požiūriu." Informacijos mokslai 49 (January 1, 2009): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2009.0.3319.
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Šiandieną mokslas yra transformuojamas sparčiai besivystančių technologijų, o mokslininkai bei mokslinėje erdvėje veikiantys asmenys turi prisitaikyti prie kintamos aplinkos. Mokslo rezultatų sklaida, vykusi įvairiais komunikacijos kanalais, suskaitmeninama, todėl atsiranda efektyvesnio mokslininkų bendradarbiavimo, mokslinių tinklų plėtros, mokslo rezultatų sklaidos prielaidų, taip pat žinioms visuomenėje plisti. Mokslo komunikacijoje matoma rinkos ekonomikos sąlygota vartojomosios mokslo komunikacijos sampratos apibrėžtis, kai mokslo rezultatai lemia ne tik mokslo populiarinimą, bet ir valstybės remiamą mokslo žurnalų finansavimą. Atviras mokslo kūrinių pateikimas visuomenei, naudojant skaitmeninėmis informacijos ir komunikacijos technologijomis grįstą mokslo komunikacijos infrastruktūrą, yra nulemtas tiek demokratinės visuomenės pagrindų suformuoto viešo intereso žinoti, tiek komercinių mokslo komunikacijos modelių kaitos.Straipsnio tikslas – susisteminti ir išanalizuoti informaciją apie mokslo komunikaciją, mokslo žurnalus, kaip formalios dokumentinės komunikacijos priemonę mokslo komunikacijos kaitos kontekste. Straipsnyje pristatomas tyrimas apie mokslininkų, Lietuvos valstybės lėšomis finansuojamų mokslo žurnalų vyriausiųjų redaktorių požiūrį į mokslo komunikaciją bei atvirąją prieigą prie elektroninių mokslo kūrinių.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: mokslas, mokslo komunikacija, mokslo kūriniai, formali dokumentinė mokslo komunikacija, mokslo žurnalai, mokslo komunikacijos kaita, atviroji prieiga.Scientific Communication: Lithuanian scientific journals of science communication in terms of changeZenona Atkočiūnienė SummaryThe aim of the article is to analyze traditional formal science communication models and typical functions. Modern technologies create a new type of information resources which can be converted to electronic forms. New forms of publishing, communication with scholars take place and are approved by scientific community all over the world. Open Access movement which promotes and supports a free distribution Summaryof scholar production is essential to scholarship in the digital age.The study was aimed to clarify the Lithuanian state budget-funded scientific journal editors’ approach to the situation of scientific journals in Lithuania number, financial assessment and to investigate the Lithuanian state budget-funded scientific journals’ chief editors’ approach to scientific journals and their free access.
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Gamoń, Filip, Mariusz Tomaszewski, and Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska. "Ecotoxicological study of landfill leachate treated in the ANAMMOX process." Water Quality Research Journal 54, no. 3 (February 11, 2019): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2019.042.
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Abstract The exacerbated production of solid residues represents a major problem in the management and handling of urban wastes. The by-product of stored municipal and industrial solid waste production is landfill leachate. Leachate is characterized by a high concentration of organic compounds, ammonia, and the presence of heavy metals. Because of its composition, this kind of wastewater can cause serious environmental pollution and should be treated to reduce its toxic effects. Increasingly, the interest is directed to the application of the ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process for the landfill leachate treatment. In this study, for the first time, the effect of treatment with the ANAMMOX process on the toxicity of leachate was investigated. Based on the research performed in this study, it could be stated that the untreated landfill leachate from the municipal landfill and the influent of the ANAMMOX reactor present phytotoxicity to Lemna minor, due to a correlation of high concentrations of organic compounds, heavy metals, such as Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and the presence of an unionized form of ammonia (NH3). The results of the Allium cepa test demonstrated that the treatment was not efficient in eliminating the genotoxic substances that are responsible for the mutagenic potential in the effluent. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
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Martínez-Mendoza, Abigail, and Alondra Mendoza-Nuñez. "Percepción social del servicio de agua potable en México. Un análisis al diseño institucional de un organismo operador municipal." Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío 34, S5 (December 20, 2022): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33975/riuq.vol34ns5.1126.
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Se revisa el caso del Organismo Público Descentralizado para la Prestación de los Servicios de Agua Potable en un municipio mexicano que se caracteriza por su complejidad hídrica, al contar con los dos sistemas más importantes de extracción de agua en el país, por que en su territorio operan dos organismos operadores de agua, y porque se encuentra sobre la segunda cuenca más importante, la cuenca del Alto Lerma. El enfoque teórico es el diseño institucional planteado desde del nuevo institucionalismo económico. El estudio se realiza desde el enfoque cualitativo para analizar la percepción de los usuarios del servicio de agua potable, a través de un cuestionario que retoma los principios del diseño institucional de revisión, solidez, sensibilidad y viabilidad y los articula con los aspectos que marca la normativa de universalidad, disponibilidad, calidad y accesibilidad. Los resultados muestran una percepción negativa en todos los principios evaluados, cabe resaltar que se obtuvo mayor participación de la región con más rezago social y en donde el acceso al servicio no se cumple con apego al derecho humano al agua. Se propone cambiar la figura del usuario del agua por el de corresponsable del agua, esto se inscribe en la visión de los bienes naturales y se aleja de la perspectiva económica de los recursos naturales.
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Smyatskaya, Yulia, Arina Kosheleva, and Elena Taranovskaya. "Sorption properties of materials based on residual biomass." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 18005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824518005.
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In this paper, we consider the possibility of using inexpensive and effective sorption materials based on plant raw materials, such as fruit rind, vegetable waste, fallen leaves, and the use of phytosorbents for the purification of sewage containing heavy metals and petroleum products. The use of vegetable waste for the manufacture of sorbents is a priority for solving environmental problems. It is suggested to use residual biomass as a sorption material, which is formed after extraction of lipids from C. sorokiniana microalgae and duckweed Lemna minor. To increase the sorption capacity, it was proposed to thermally modify the residual biomass. The optimum heat treatment conditions were 450 °C for 20 minutes with limited access to oxygen. The obtained biomass allows one to extract ions of heavy metals with efficiency of 91-93% for ions of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper. To increase the sorption capacity (A, mg/g) of the residual biomass, heat treated waste from the agro-industrial complex and chitosan were proposed as additives. The addition of chitosan makes it possible to obtain a sorption material in the form of granules, which is convenient to use. For the sorption materials obtained, microstructural studies were carried out, which allowed us to substantiate the sorption properties of the materials. The physical and mechanical properties of sorbents, such as abrasion, grindability, allow us to offer new materials for use on an industrial scale. In the article, a technological scheme for obtaining sorption materials from residual biomass is given.
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Tolchinsky, Liliana, Maria Antònia Martí, and Anna Llaurado. "The growth of the written lexicon in Catalan." Written Language and Literacy 13, no. 2 (July 30, 2010): 206–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.13.2.02tol.
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The lexicon, a complex storage device of units of language use, is a central component of linguistic knowledge closely tied to grammar and has a strong influence on demanding cognitive tasks and academic achievement. This study aims at tracking the growth of the Catalan written lexicon of children and adolescents throughout compulsory schooling, a time when the lexicon is assumed to experience an exponential growth. 2,436 participants from 5 to 16 years attending compulsory school in Catalonia took part in the study. They were asked to write as many linguistic expressions as possible in five different semantic fields: Food, Clothing, Leisure activities, Personality traits, and Natural phenomena. Although both the task and the provided examples primed the production of single words, participants produced a variety of constructions. The 242,404 lexical forms that were produced were lemmatized into 8,498 different lemmas and coded according to different linguistic dimensions. The size and the conceptual underpinning of the lexicon grow significantly throughout compulsory school and show an increase in the use of correct Catalan forms, a reduction in deviant forms, and a steady use of words and constructions in other languages. The use of multiword constructions as a mechanism for word generation questions the separability between lexicon and syntax. The corpus, which is of public access (http://clic.ub.edu/es/cesca), provides a picture of the state of a language developing in a multilingual environment in terms of frequency of use of words and constructions and range of orthographic and linguistic variants in five semantic fields.
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Del Pino, Sandra, and Susana Gómez. "Construyendo salud intercultural en América Latina. Avanzando hacia la equidad." REVISTA ELECTRONICA IBEROAMERICANA 16, no. 2 (December 14, 2022): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/reib.2022.7393.
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En América Latina se han venido impulsando importantes esfuerzos para lograr la equidad en salud y hacer frente a las desigualdades que enfrentan los pueblos indígenas de la región. Existen numerosos compromisos internacionales y regionales, incluida la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y su lema de “no dejar a nadie atrás”, que sirven como marco de referencia para avanzar hacia la eliminación de las inequidades en salud. Sin embargo, ha sido importante fomentar el reconocimiento por parte de los países de la necesidad de adoptar enfoques diferenciados que contemplen le pertenencia étnica, no solo desde un plano de determinantes sociales de la salud, sino también desde el valor de la cultura, los conocimientos y las tradiciones para avanzar la situación de salud de los pueblos indígenas.
Las desigualdades han quedado aún más visibilizadas con la llegada de la COVID-19 y sus devastadoras consecuencias para los pueblos indígenas, entre otros grupos. A través de los diálogos de saberes, se puede contribuir a los avances en el logro del acceso y de la cobertura universal en salud. Desde la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) se están promoviendo esfuerzos para implementar esta metodología en el ámbito de la salud y generar mínimos interculturales para avanzar hacia la equidad.
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Montoya-Lerma, James. "Editorial." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 45, no. 1 (August 30, 2019): e7817. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v45i0.7817.
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Estimado lector,
En la RCdE estamos comprometidos con mejorar e innovar pues en la investigación lo único constante es el cambio. Es por ello que gradualmente vamos implementando modificaciones en nuestra revista.En esta oportunidad, a partir de la fecha, se estrenan nuevos aspectos: primero, las publicaciones tienen un nuevo formato de presentación que incluye la información más relevante del documento y sus autores (como es el caso del ORCID). Segundo, la edición de cada número de la revista se hará de manera continua, es decir, en la medida que un manuscrito sea aprobado, se publicará sin esperar a la compilación total del número. Tercero, contamos con una nueva sección, “Ensayos entomológicos”, cuya apertura corre por cuenta del Dr. Alejandro Farji-Brener, reconocida autoridad en el campo de la ecología de insectos. Le invitamos a presentar sus puntos de vista y compartir así sus intereses y conocimientos.Por otra parte, invitamos a la comunidad a ser parte de los cambios que estamos haciendo, visitando http://revistacolombianaentomologia.univalle.edu.co/, donde tendrá libre acceso a las publicaciones nuevas y antiguas, todas con su asignación de DOI. Como de costumbre, el presente número incluye un variado menú de temas que corresponden a la actualidad de la investigación entomológica nacional e internacional.Esperamos que estos cambios sean positivos y del agrado de todos; sus aportes y observaciones serán bienvenidos.
James Montoya-Lerma, Ph. D.
Editor general
Revista Colombiana de Entomología
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Carreño Flórez, Edgar Farid, and Carlos Vladimir Ronquillo Villamil. "Tendencias tecnológicas en la transformación de la cultura organizacional a través del entendimiento del Cuadro de Mando Integral en una empresa prestadora de servicios públicos de energía." HAMUT'AY 9, no. 1 (May 28, 2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/hamu.v9i1.2374.
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El Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) en la organización Centrales Eléctricas del Norte de Santander S.A. E.S.P. se ha utilizado bajo la perspectiva de masificar el acceso y conocimiento de su información a grupos de interés externos e internos, al aprovechar el creciente auge de la transformación digital. Se estudió el contexto actual de los responsables en los niveles directivos, líderes y profesionales P2, en relación a la divulgación, conocimiento, confiabilidad de la información, e implementación de acciones derivadas del CMI mediante una encuesta de percepción; se evaluaron las disyuntivas de las que se desprenden las principales causas de la necesidad abordada y se diseñó un programa de estrategias metodológicas para la transformación cultural. Como la empresa se encuentra en estado de transición en relación a las estrategias encaminadas a la cultura corporativa se sugirió la aplicación de instrumentos digitales gráficos, audiovisuales, influencers y disruptivos a los modos de gestión comunicacional actualmente implementados, en consistencia con el 58% de aceptación obtenido, en conjunto con actividades de socialización cuya información fue validada con un 45% de certeza. Se propuso un programa en el ciclo Deming para el desarrollo de una óptima gestión que tuvieron el propósito de garantizar la articulación y consolidación de fuentes fidedignas de información para la masificación, divulgación, aporte de conocimiento y realimentación a priori de los diversos niveles de la organización, en la que se exalta el lema CMI PARA TODOS
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Hernández, Celestino. "Sistema de alerta temprana para la reducción de riegos de inundaciones, utilizando tecnología Arduino y comunicación con redes de datos para el área de la cuenca media del Río Lempa." Revista de Investigación 9, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/revunivo.v9i9.11374.
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El Salvador es uno de los países más vulnerables a riesgos en el mundo, según informe presentado por el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN, 2017). El 88.7% del territorio se considera zona de riesgo, superficie en la que se asienta el 95.4% de la población. Según estadísticas, entre los años 1990 a 2014 se han dado el 86 % de pérdidas económicas y 40 % de muertes por terremotos, el 10 % de pérdidas y el 27 % de muertes han sido por inundaciones, 26 % de muertes han sido por deslizamientos, 3 % por tormentas eléctricas y 4 % por otro tipo de desastres (Mendoza, Laguan, & Rivas, 2017). Por esta razón, es necesario disponer de un sistema de alerta temprana para mejorar la capacidad de respuesta ante estos fenómenos y que alerten a los centros de monitoreo ante cualquier emergencia. La propuesta consiste en diseñar, un prototipo de sistema de alerta temprana para la reducción de riegos de inundaciones, desde un primer análisis del estado actual, especificación y diseño, hasta llegar a la implementación, esto permitirá que, en esta zona, se tenga acceso a una estación que indique constantemente el nivel del río por medio de una interfaz simple y amigable. Por tanto, el producto final es un sistema de seguridad que permite producir una alerta, activando una señal acústica, generando una notificación a través de redes de comunicación de datos SMS, a la entidad encargada de monitorear la zona de resguardo.
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Aparicio Chofré, Lucía, Lupe Bohorques Marchori, Carla De Paredes Gallardo, Cristina Escamilla Robla, Elisa Giménez Fita, and José María Quilez Moreno. "Los ODS como instrumento de aprendizaje: una experiencia multidisciplinar en los estudios universitarios." Revista de Educación y Derecho, no. 1 Extraordinario (February 14, 2022): 307–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/reyd2021.1ext.37706.
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La aprobación de la Agenda 2030 y de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) representa una ambiciosa hoja de ruta para intentar dar respuesta a los desafíos globales y existenciales a los que se enfrenta a la humanidad. Bajo el lema de “No dejar a nadie a atrás” sus 17 objetivos comprenden cuestiones trascendentales que van desde la erradicación de la pobreza a la acción climática, pasando por el acceso a energías asequibles, fiables, sostenibles y modernas o el crecimiento económico sostenido, inclusivo y sostenible y terminando con la reducción de las desigualdades entre países o la promoción de sociedades pacíficas e inclusivas. En este contexto las Universidades, como el resto de los actores, están llamadas a desempeñar un papel crucial debido a su importante función como generadores y transmisores de conocimiento. Precisamente esta es la finalidad del presente proyecto de innovación educativa en el que nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje se utilizan para contribuir a este propósito. Se trata de una experiencia innovadora y multidisciplinar implantada durante varios cursos académicos en cuatro grados diferentes en la Universidad Europea de Valencia. Más de un centenar de estudiantes han tenido la oportunidad de participar en el proyecto obteniendo unos resultados altamente satisfactorios y una mejora evidente de sus conocimientos y competencias. Un proyecto, basado en alianzas y que posibilita que los estudiantes, en su condición de futuros líderes y gestores, no sólo conozcan y sean capaces de dar respuesta a estos importantes retos, sino que también adquieran una serie de competencias, las denominadas soft skills, que en la actualidad resultan imprescindibles.
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Stonkienė, Marija, Zenona Atkočiūnienė, and Renata Matkevičienė. "Mokslo komunikacijos kaita." Informacijos mokslai 48 (January 1, 2009): 46–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2009.0.3331.
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Straipsnyje tiriamos šiuolaikinės mokslo komunikacijos kaitos kryptys, lemiamos tiek tradicinės mokslo komunikacijos nepajėgumo (dėl mokslo komunikacijos subjektų disfunkcijos) užtikrinti mokslo visuomenės poreikius atitinkančią mokslinės informacijos sklaidą, tiek informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų teikiamų naujų mokslinės informacijos, mokslo kūrinių sklaidos galimybių. Išanalizavus tradicinės formaliosios mokslo komunikacijos modelį, šios komunikacijos vyksmo informacijos grandine ypatumus, įvertinus mokslo periodikos krizę mokslo komunikacijos kontekste, nagrinėjamas informacijos ir ryšių technologijų poveikis mokslo komunikaci jos subjektų veiklai, aptariamas naujo mokslo komunikacijos modelio – mokslo komunikacijos tinklo – radimasis. Supažindinama su dar vienos mokslo komunikacijos kaitos krypties, kuriai būdingas atviros prieigos prie mokslo kūrinių suteikimas, klostymusi, kurį lemia informacinių ir ryšių technologijų sukelti visuomenės informaciniai mokslinės informacijos poreikiai, dėl šių technologijų poveikio pakitę informacinių, žinių produktų gamybos būdai.Reikšminiai žodžiai: mokslo komunikacija, formalioji mokslo komunikacija, mokslo periodikos krizė, pilkieji mokslo kūriniai, skaitmeninės talpyklos, atviroji prieiga, saviarchyvavimas.Change of scientific communicationMarija Stonkienė, Zenona Atkočiūnienė, Renata Matkevičienė SummaryThe aim of the present work was to investigate the tendencies in changes of the scientific communication Scientist to Scientist. Scientific communication is very important for the approval of the status of a scientist, for scientific researches and for data priority reference. Estimation of the importance of the formal communication Scientist to Scientist in the paper is presented within a scientific communication research analyzing changes in scientific communication. The following issues are discussed: contemporary tendencies in scientific communication change, determined by inability of traditional scientific communication (dysfunction of scientific communication subjects) to ensure the spread of scientific information that is in demand of scientific society, to use information and relations technologies for spreading new scientific information and capacities for spreading scientific works. In the paper the traditional formal model of scientific communication and the communication process in the information chain are presented, the impact of information technologies on scientific communication subjects’ activities is demonstrated. A new model of scientific communication – the scientific communication network – is presented.Key words: scientific communication, formal scientific communication, science journal crisis, pree print, digital repositories, self archyving, open access.
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Gallez, Caroline, and Benjamin Motte-Baumvol. "Inclusive Mobility or Inclusive Accessibility? A European Perspective." Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto, no. 56 (April 30, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ced-56-2017pp79-104.
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<p>“La movilidad inclusiva” es parte de las prioridades políticas definidas por numerosos países europeos para referirse a la dimensión social del transporte o las políticas de movilidad cotidiana. De forma general, la inclusión se refiere a la cohesión social, que ha sido uno de los objetivos declarados de la Unión Europea desde el inicio de los años 2000. Como mecanismo para facilitar el acceso a las oportunidades (empleo, comercio, servicios, etc.), la movilidad individual es actualmente considerada un prerrequisito necesario para la participación de las personas en las actividades sociales. En contraste, la inmovilidad o “ausencia de movilidad” sería un factor de exclusión social. Sin embargo, en razón de la ambigüedad de la movilidad, que puede considerarse un recurso esencial (facilitador de acceso a oportunidades en el contexto de una dispersión mayor de las actividades) o un coste (monetario, medioambiental, físico); un derecho básico o un precepto político para movilidad (los objetivos políticos de la movilidad pueden esconder algunas contradicciones). Este artículo se concentra en diferentes problemáticas en relación a la movilidad inclusiva en Europa. Para empezar, presentamos cómo el lema de la “movilidad inclusiva” es utilizado en los documentos oficiales de la Comisión Europea. Posteriormente, se analiza cómo la cuestión de la movilidad inclusiva ha emergido en Francia y en el Reino Unido, en relación a la generalización del problema de la exclusión social. Se completará esta visión de políticas públicas ofreciendo un panorama de las desigualdades sociales en relación a la movilidad cotidiana en diferentes países europeos. Finalmente, se argumenta la necesidad de evolucionar desde una prioridad política de la movilidad inclusiva hacia la accesibilidad inclusiva, considerando que las políticas de movilidad, como elemento favorecedor de la dispersión de las actividades, pueden incrementar la presión sobre los grupos sociales desfavorecidos para ser móviles.</p><p><strong>Recibido</strong>: 09 enero 2017<br /><strong>Aceptado</strong>: 06 marzo 2017<br /><strong>Publicación en línea</strong><span>: 02 mayo 2017</span></p>
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Brazdeikis, Vaino. "Elektroninio portfolio taikymas vertinant pedagogo informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų kompetenciją." Informacijos mokslai 42, no. 43 (January 1, 2008): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2008.0.3447.
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Portfolio mokytojų veiklai vertinti labiausiai paplitęs JAV, Jungtinėje Karalystėje, šiomis edukacinėmis technologijomis aktyviai domisi ir Suomijos universitetai, Katalonija, Nyderlandai, kitos šalys. El. portfolio, kaip portfolio atmaina, vis labiau populiarėja, nes daugelis mokytojų veiklos rezultatų sukuriami elektroniniu formatu, o rezultatai interneto duomenų bazių sistemomis tampa nesunkiai prieinami ir valdomi. Toks įvairių šalių susidomėjimas el. portfolio technologija ir esamos internetogalimybės paskatino detaliau pažvelgti į el. portfolio perspektyvas, panagrinėti jo taikymo galimybes vertinant pedagogų IKT kompetenciją. Išnagrinėjus mokslinę literatūrą galima teigti, jog el. portfolio vertinant pedagogų IKT kompetenciją galima laikyti plačiu ir reprezentatyviu multimedijinių pedagogo IKT taikymo įrodymų archyvu. Pedagogo IKT kompetencijos vertinimo tikslai lemia du el. portfolio tipus: formuojamąjį ir suminį. Straipsnyje detaliau apžvelgiami el. portfolio rengimo modeliai, jo taikymovertinimui nauda, probleminiai aspektai. Pateikiama keletas atliktų el. portfolio taikymo bandymų. Daroma išvada jog el. portfolio gali būti taikomas pedagogo IKT kompetencijos atveju, tačiau skirtingi tikslai (suminis, formuojamasis) gali lemti nuosavybės (institucija, asmuo), požiūrio (pozityvistinis, konstruktyvistinis), naudojamos programinės įrangos (taikomosios programos, informacinės sistemos) problemas, kurios rodo, kad reikia detalesnių el. portfolio nagrinėjimų ir jis neturėtų būti taikomas praktikoje be bandomųjų ir metodologinių mokslinių tyrimų.Using e-portfolio in evaluation of educators ICT competenceVaino Brazdeikis SummaryE-portfolio in teachers’ education is used in USA, UK. Some countries (Finland, Holland) are interested in this education technology too. E-portfolio, as one of portfolio type, is more attractive because teachers are making a lot of electronic documents, Internet data base allows to access this document very easy. That reasons are the motive to look in e-portfolio more detailed and specific in some topics. Article looks on possibilities using e-portfolio in evaluation of the competence of the ICT teachers. Method of scientist literature was chosen for that work.E-portfolio in educators ICT competence could be the aim of the representative multimedia evidences for formative or summative evaluation. E-portfolio allows creating hyperlinks between fact, goal and reflection.The author looks deeper to stages of e-portfolio creation, possibilities and limitations of e-portfolio. The e-portfolio was chosen in some experimental cases.Issue that portfolio could be used for educators ICT competence was done. But different goals (formative, summative) could be reasons for different approach (positive, constructive), different software (information system, application software). It does create needs to analyze e-portfolio possibilities more deeply and to organize some pilot research project for this topic.
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Campuzano de Rolón, Ana. "¿Como vivimos en esta Pandemia?" Pediatría (Asunción) 49, no. 1 (April 7, 2022): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31698/ped.49012022001.
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Estamos viviendo tiempos difíciles, inéditos y de gran incertidumbre a nivel mundial, incluyendo una guerra con elementos bélicos tenebrosos, con el eventual uso de armas nucleares tan o más mortíferas que el coronavirus, de resultados no dimensionados y profundas consecuencias económicas para todo el mundo. Hoy la humanidad se ha dado cuenta de que, a pesar de la buena o mala educación recibida en la vida, muchas personas han actuado de manera irresponsable. En esta pandemia hemos sido testigos de aglomeraciones y otras conductas tales como tocar superficies sin lavarse las manos, toser y estornudar sin tener consideración de la persona que se tiene al lado. Hoy es sabido que, salvo excepciones, no está desarrollada la capacidad de aplicar conocimientos evidentes de las pandemias pasadas. Existe la certeza que no estábamos capacitados para enfrentar a un virus, que nos tomó por sorpresa y que nos ha enseñado que éramos más ignorantes de lo que pensábamos. Por ahora, quizás las personas están más consientes y saben que aquellos que trabajamos en el sector de la salud somos seres humanos, que también sentimos temor cuando nos dan el resultado de un examen positivo y que nos morimos más fácilmente que el resto de la población, sin importar el conocimiento acumulado que poseamos, los títulos universitarios, la buena voluntad y el amor que tengamos hacia los pacientes. Esta pandemia nos enseñó que no basta la riqueza y el poder de los países en el mundo para estar protegido contra los nuevos patógenos, y que los malos ejemplos de los líderes pueden tener consecuencias graves sobre la población. Aprendimos a extrañar las horas de clases en la facultad y las horas de trabajo en el hospital, el laboratorio o la oficina; en pocas palabras, a extrañar nuestra labor diaria. Aprendimos también a valorar a nuestros seres queridos, que y que de ingresar uno de ellos a un hospital, era mejor despedirse a tiempo que no despedirse jamás. Comprendimos que deberíamos estar más unidos, el personal de salud, de limpieza, el policía, el comerciante, los empresarios, para trabajar en conjunto contra el virus. En este contexto no cabe duda alguna de que una de las dos medidas sanitarias que mayores beneficios ha aportado a la humanidad han sido las vacunas y el agua potable, como afirmara el famoso vacunólogo Stanley Plotkin(1). Las vacunas previenen enfermedades que antes eran responsables de grandes y letales epidemias contra las que no teníamos medidas efectivas(2,3). Además, digan lo que digan los fanáticos movimientos antivacunas, es indiscutible que la vacunación ha beneficiado tanto a las personas vacunadas como a las no vacunadas y susceptibles que viven en su entorno(3). Doscientos años atrás, los padres se habrían sorprendido al pensar que las generaciones de estos últimos cien años podríamos proteger a nuestros hijos de muchas de las enfermedades infectocontagiosas muy graves de la niñez. Entre el conjunto de enfermedades a destacar, para las que existen inmunizaciones hoy en día, se encuentran la difteria, el tétanos, la pertussis, la tuberculosis, la rabia, las fiebres tifoidea y amarilla, la poliomielitis, el sarampión, las ocasionadas por el H Influenzae, el neumococo, la rubéola, la Neisseria meningitidis, el rotavirus y las paperas(4). Cada una de ellas conlleva una historia brillante de investigación, persistencia y esfuerzo. Hubo una época, durante los años de 1920, en que la difteria era una de las enfermedades infantiles más temidas. En los años de 1940 y 1950, la poliomielitis paralizó e incluso mató a miles de niños a lo largo del mundo. Afortunadamente, los tiempos han cambiado. Aun así, las vacunas son de un desarrollo relativamente reciente, que se remonta a no más de 200 años. Mientras llega el momento de mejores vacunas ANTICOVID, y coincidiendo con los 45 años de la erradicación de la viruela en 1977, aprendamos un poco más sobre la historia de este hito médico que ha salvado la vida de millones de personas desde su origen y lo continuará haciendo en el futuro. En la actualidad, las vacunas constituyen una de las historias de éxito de la medicina moderna. Hoy el mundo especta con impaciencia más avances de la vacuna contra la COVID-19, pudiéndose afirmar que todas las vacunas reguladas han mostrado ser efectivas y seguras, ya que previamente han completado las tres fases establecidas en los ensayos clínicos. Esto significa que antes de comenzar las campañas de vacunación, decenas de miles de personas ya han recibido la vacuna durante los ensayos clínicos. La principal incógnita que queda por despejar, como consecuencia de la celeridad con la que se han llevado a cabo los ensayos clínicos, es durante cuánto tiempo van a ofrecer protección estas vacunas. Datos recientes muestran que la protección contra infección y síntomas disminuye al cabo de 4 a 6 meses tras la segunda dosis(5). Los coronavirus representan una verdadera amenaza para la salud global debido a su amplia distribución geográfica, la cantidad de reservorios animales y su facilidad para infectar humanos. En los últimos 20 años la OMS relata que han ocurrido tres graves brotes por beta coronavirus previamente desconocidos: el de SARS (en 2002-2003), el de MERS (desde el 2012) y el de COVID-19 (desde 2019). Por lo tanto, desarrollar una vacuna universal que nos proteja, no solo contra todas las variantes de SARS-CoV-2, sino también contra otros coronavirus que podrían causar futuros brotes, se ha convertido en una prioridad (OMS)(5). Entre las vacunas de la COVID-19 ya aprobadas o todavía en desarrollo, existen varios tipos, según la tecnología que usan: las vacunas "clásicas" inoculan el virus entero inactivado o bien proteínas virales, mientras que las vacunas más innovadoras introducen una secuencia génica para que sea nuestro propio organismo el que sintetice la proteína viral en cuestión(6). No sabemos con exactitud cuándo esto va a finalizar, por lo cual es muy importante y trascendental el lema de la alianza COVAX: “Nadie estará a salvo a menos que todo el mundo lo esté”, una iniciativa impulsada al inicio de la pandemia por diversos actores públicos y privados con el objetivo de asegurar un acceso equitativo a las vacunas contra la COVID-19(7,8). Como resultado de estos acontecimientos que afectan al mundo global, existe en todos los sectores de la sociedad un deber sagrado, cual es amortiguar las consecuencias de la COVID-19 en la salud y el bienestar de la población infantil, porque de la salud mental y física de los niños depende el futuro, y lo que todos sabemos es que inexorablemente lo debemos enfrentar con unión, fuerza e inteligencia por el bien de toda la humanidad. Correspondencia: Ana Campuzano de Rolón Correo: campuzanorolon@gmail.com Recibido: 24/04/2022 Aceptado: 26/03/2022
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Izeta, Andrés D. "Editorial." Revista del Museo de Antropología 12, no. 2 (August 24, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31048/1852.4826.v12.n2.25256.
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<p>En esta oportunidad presentamos el segundo número correspondiente al volumen 12 de la serie iniciada en el año 2008. La preparación de este número coincidió con dos eventos de relevancia para la arqueología Argentina. Por un lado el desarrollo del XVI Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes de Arqueología que se realizó en la ciudad de Córdoba, en la sede del Colegio Manuel Belgrano, dependiente de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. El evento se realizó durante los días 12 y 14 de Julio y convocó a un buen número de estudiantes de diversas geografías nacionales interesados en el desarrollo de esta disciplina. Por otro lado, se realizó la edición vigésima de los congresos nacionales de arqueología (XXCNAA). Este se desarrolló entre los días 15 y 19 de julio de 2019 en la Ciudad Universitaria dependiente de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Bajo el lema “50 años de arqueologías” se fueron sucediendo durante estos días la presentación de trabajos orales y posters en mesas regionales, simposios temáticos, y mesas redondas. Estos espacios, más de 40 en total, trataron sobre temáticas generales de la arqueología y cuestiones más específicas dirigidas hacia la relación de los arqueólogos con las comunidades así como nuevas líneas de investigación que se encuentran en pleno desarrollo como la arqueología digital. Junto con esto se realizaron diversos conversatorios que permitieron la discusión de diferentes temáticas de importancia para la arqueología contemporánea. En cuanto a la asistencia, no obstante el actual desfinanciamiento de la ciencia y técnica a nivel nacional, fue interesante observar qué en términos generales fue similar a la de otros congresos nacionales desarrollados en contextos económicos más favorables. En ambos eventos pudo demostrarse la vitalidad de la arqueología desarrollada desde Córdoba y demostrando que la arqueología como parte de la antropología se encuentra en un momento de gran desarrollo a nivel local y que a través de sus distintas formas y medios de comunicación como lo son el Museo de Antropología, o las diversas carreras de grado y posgrado, o esta misma revista, pretende aportar a una construcción de una sociedad más crítica e inclusiva.</p><p>A continuación y cómo en cada número desarrollaremos el contenido que se presenta en esta oportunidad. Ahora presentamos catorce artículos originales y dos introducciones a un Dossier que se suman a una cada vez más extensa colección de trabajos antropológicos y museológicos desde una perspectiva social. Seis corresponden a la Sección Arqueología; tres a Antropología Social y cinco a Museología, con sus introducciones.</p><p>En el primer trabajo de la Sección Arqueología tenemos el trabajo de Rodrigo Cabrera que tiene como objetivo el análisis de la espacialidad funeraria durante la tercera dinastía de Ur en la baja Mesopotamia. Este es uno de los primeros trabajos que publicamos en esta revista en relación con la arqueología de una de las áreas clásicas en la disciplina. Continúa el trabajo de Adolfo Gil, Nuria Sugrañes, Agustín Acevedo, Gustavo Neme, Laura Salgán, Miguel Giardina, Hugo Tucker, Danae Fiore, Viviana Seitz, María de la Paz Pompei y Miriam Ayala. Los autores intentan aportar al conocimiento de la biogeografía humana en ambientes áridos y las fases de poblamiento en relación con las trayectorias demográficas humanas en un ecosistema particular como lo es el del monte ubicado en el sur Mendocino y la región norpatagónica. El próximo trabajo de Anderson Marques Garcia nos presenta una discusión sobre las particularidades de una forma arqueológica relativamente común en el sur de Brasil en el Uruguay y en las tierras bajas de Argentina denominada Cerritos. En este sentido el objetivo del trabajo es tratar de comprender las particularidades de estas construcciones ubicadas en la región costera y en el interior del estado de Río Grande do Sul en Brasil. Posteriormente, Andrés Laguens y Benjamín Alberti presentan una interpretación del primer poblamiento del centro de la República Argentina a través de una ontología particular situada, denominada perspectivismo sudamericano.</p><p>Marcos Quesada, Enrique Moreno y Soledad Meléndez por otro lado presentan resultados de prospecciones realizadas en el valle de El Bolsón en la provincia de Catamarca. Y por último, cerrando la sección, Romina Vázquez presenta los resultados de los análisis tafonómicos realizados a conjuntos de restos óseos humanos del departamento Chos Malal en la provincia de Neuquén.</p><p>Dentro de la Sección de Antropología Social tenemos tres trabajos. El primero de Isabelle Combès nos introduce al estudio de un diario de viaje realizado durante la exploración del Río Pilcomayo en 1844. Luego, Rolando Silla presenta un comentario sobre dos trabajos del antropólogo Marcelo Bórmida relacionado con el desarrollo teórico de la antropología en la década de 1950. Por último, Candela Heredia a través de su trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado en un hospital público pediátrico de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, nos introduce al estudio de la antropología sobre los medicamentos.</p><p>Cierra este número un Dossier dedicado a la discusión sobre una Nueva Museología - Museología Social. Esto es el resultado de un congreso de Museología Social del Movimiento Internacional para la Nueva Museología (MINOM), realizada en Córdoba en octubre de 2017.Olga Bartolomé, Leonardo Casado, Verónica Jeria y Mariela Zabala realizan una introducción general del Dossier y nos introducen a los trabajos qué lo componen. Junto con esta introducción se presenta lo que se ha denominado “Declaración de Córdoba de la XVIII conferencia internacional de MINOM: la museología qué no sirve para la vida, no sirve para nada. Siguiendo este concepto continúa la introducción realizada por Mario de Souza Chagas y Marcele Pereira en relación con el movimiento internacional para una nueva museología.</p><p>En el mencionado Dossier María Clara Martins Cavalcanti presenta los resultados de un proyecto realizado en el Museo del Mañana de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro denominado Proyecto 10: construcción de niñas del mañana. Leonardo Renzo Mellado González, Mauricio Geovanni Soldavino Rojas, Pablo Soto González y Marcela Torres Hidalgo nos presentan algunos de los servicios que los museos pueden ofrecer a aquellos que por diversas razones no pueden acercarse a esos espacios físicos, en el marco de un programa denominado “El Museo sale del Museo”. Daniel Delfino, Sabine Dupuy y Gustavo Pisani discuten sobre la utilidad social de la producción del conocimiento científico y arqueológico en Laguna Blanca, un área de la provincia de Catamarca. Pedro Pereira Leite presentan ejemplos sobre procesos de museología social en Portugal. Por último Fabio López Suárez presenta la importancia de los museos como agentes de transformación social que ayuden a despertar el pensamiento crítico y disponer de herramientas necesarias para generar ambientes de cambio y transformación social.</p><p>Con esto cerramos esta editorial invitando, como es usual, a disfrutar de la lectura crítica de este material que ponemos a disposición de los interesados y como siempre invitando a la comunidad a compartir sus producciones en el espacio de acceso abierto de la RMA.</p><p>Córdoba, 24 de Agosto de 2019</p>
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Alderete, John, Melissa Baese-Berk, Adrian Brasoveanu, and Jess Law. "Failures of Lemma Access: Do Synonym and Subsumative Speech Errors Exist?" SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4303223.
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Oliver, L. Kathleen, Timmie Li, Jonathan J. Harley, and Karin R. Humphreys. "Neither Cue Familiarity nor Semantic Cues Increase the Likelihood of Repeating a Tip-of-the-Tongue State." Collabra: Psychology 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/collabra.200.
Full textAbstract:
Psycholinguistic and metacognition researchers mostly disagree on what constitutes a tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state. Psycholinguists argue that TOT states occur when there is a transmission of activation failure between the lemma and phonology levels of word production (e.g., Burke, MacKay, Worthley, & Wade, 1991). Metacognition researchers argue that the TOT state is better described as a subjective experience caused by a mechanism that assesses the likelihood of recall from memory. One sub-hypothesis of the metacognitive account of TOT states is the cue familiarity hypothesis, which suggests that a TOT state may occur when cues elicit a feeling of familiarity (Metcalfe, Schwartz, & Joaquim, 1993). We conducted three experiments to evaluate the cue familiarity hypothesis of TOT state etiology. Experiment 1 included a test-retest TOT task with identical definitions (i.e., cues that should elicit familiarity) versus alternative definitions. TOTs were as likely to repeat for alternative definitions across test and retest as identical definitions, which is inconsistent with the cue familiarity hypothesis. Experiment 2 included the same task layout as Experiment 1, but we used very different cues (pictures versus descriptions for famous people). Again, we found that TOTs tended to repeat regardless of whether or not prompts were identical. In Experiment 3, we presented either a picture and description simultaneously or a description only on the first test, followed by a description only on retest. We found that giving participants an extra semantic cue did not change the probability of repeating a TOT state. These findings suggest that repeated TOT states do not occur due to cue familiarity nor is the locus of the TOT state at the semantic level of the word production/word recall system. Therefore, we argue that the results point towards a success of lemma access, but then failure of the lemma-to-phonology mappings.
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du Plessis, André H. "Innoverende toegangsroetes in selfoonwoordeboeke." Lexikos, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5788/32-3-1731.
Full textAbstract:
Innovative Access Structures in Mobile Dictionaries. The access structure of any dictionary is an important one. It provides the user with a means to obtain the required data or to extract valuable information. This dictionary structure mostly overlaps with other structures such as the macro-, micro- and mediostructure, which in turn creates different access routes a dictionary user can follow to try and satisfy his or her lexicographic needs. In printed dictionaries, the access structure can already be found on the cover, while in electronic or online dictionaries this structure is usually visible on the home or landing page (Du Plessis 2015: 51-52). Gouws and Prinsloo (2005: 64) differentiate between two types of access structures: the outer access structure, which relates to the access or search routes that lead a user to the lemma sign, and the inner access structure, which, among other things, involves the search routes and zones within a dictionary article. The traditional functions and uses of dictionary structures are adapted for the online and mobile medium in order to better satisfy user needs. The disadvantage of this, however, is that it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between different dictionary structures (Müller-Spitzer 2013: 368-369). Fortunately, e-dictionaries have the freedom to provide new and innovative ways for users to access lexicographic material. The goal of this article is to highlight and evaluate some of these innovative access routes, particularly in mobile dictionaries. This is done to determine which access routes deserve further investigation or should be considered as a standard practice in mobile and other e-dictionaries. Keywords: access routes, access structure, cellphone dictionaries, dictionary structures, electronic dictionaries, e-lexicography, inner access structure, mobile applications, mobile dictionaries, mobile lexicography, outer access structure, search routes, smart phones
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Weerakoon, Shyama, and Seneviratne Somaratne. "Development of a core collection from Sri Lankan traditional rice (Oryza sativa) varieties for phenotypic and genetic diversity." Nusantara Bioscience 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n130109.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Weerakoon SR, Somaratne S. 2021. Development of a core collection from Sri Lankan traditional rice (Oryza sativa) varieties for phenotypic and genetic diversity. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 61-67. A collection of over 2000 traditional rice varieties are conserved at Gene Bank, Plant Genetics Resource Center, Sri Lanka. Oryza sativa varieties grown in Sri Lanka from ancient times to the middle of the last century are known as traditional rice. These varieties show adaptability to biotic and abiotic stresses and, an important component of biodiversity of Sri Lanka. A detailed understanding of the diversity of traditional rice varieties is essential for effective utilization of rice genetic resources and identification of potential parents possessing valuable genetic traits for future crop improvement. Study objectives were phenotypic and molecular characterization of one-hundred traditional rice varieties and to identify a core collection for phenotypic and genetic diversity. Rice varieties were grown in a plant house following RCBD with 4 replicates and 5 plants per replicate. Thirty-two agro-morphological characters were observed/collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from 20-days-old seedlings. Thirty?three microsatellite (Simple Sequence Repeat-SSR) primer pairs were used to assay genetic variation and PCR products were subjected to fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis. Descriptive statistics and basic inferential statistical analyses were performed to access variation of agro-morphological characters among rice varieties. Cluster analysis and Multidimensional scaling produced 07 groups which were further analyzed using Classification and Regression Analysis to extract the diagnostic agro-morphological features. Groups of rice varieties were characterized by lemma palea color, awn color at maturity, seedling height, and flag-leaf angle. Traditional varieties represent distant clusters on agro-morphological features. Molecular analyses revealed all 33 loci displayed polymorphism (66.7-96.9%) among 100 traditional rice varieties with a total of 387 alleles identified with an average of 11.72 alleles per variety. All varieties were genetically structured into fifteen well-separated groups. UPGMA analysis based on Jaccard's similarity separated varieties into 05 major clusters. Genetic diversity information is useful in the efficient use of Sri Lankan rice germplasm and managing in situ and ex situ germplasm collections in conserving traditional rice varieties.
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Weerakoon, Shyama, and Seneviratne Somaratne. "Development of a core collection from Sri Lankan traditional rice (Oryza sativa) varieties for phenotypic and genetic diversity." Nusantara Bioscience 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n130109.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Weerakoon SR, Somaratne S. 2021. Development of a core collection from Sri Lankan traditional rice (Oryza sativa) varieties for phenotypic and genetic diversity. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 61-67. A collection of over 2000 traditional rice varieties are conserved at Gene Bank, Plant Genetics Resource Center, Sri Lanka. Oryza sativa varieties grown in Sri Lanka from ancient times to the middle of the last century are known as traditional rice. These varieties show adaptability to biotic and abiotic stresses and, an important component of biodiversity of Sri Lanka. A detailed understanding of the diversity of traditional rice varieties is essential for effective utilization of rice genetic resources and identification of potential parents possessing valuable genetic traits for future crop improvement. Study objectives were phenotypic and molecular characterization of one-hundred traditional rice varieties and to identify a core collection for phenotypic and genetic diversity. Rice varieties were grown in a plant house following RCBD with 4 replicates and 5 plants per replicate. Thirty-two agro-morphological characters were observed/collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from 20-days-old seedlings. Thirty?three microsatellite (Simple Sequence Repeat-SSR) primer pairs were used to assay genetic variation and PCR products were subjected to fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis. Descriptive statistics and basic inferential statistical analyses were performed to access variation of agro-morphological characters among rice varieties. Cluster analysis and Multidimensional scaling produced 07 groups which were further analyzed using Classification and Regression Analysis to extract the diagnostic agro-morphological features. Groups of rice varieties were characterized by lemma palea color, awn color at maturity, seedling height, and flag-leaf angle. Traditional varieties represent distant clusters on agro-morphological features. Molecular analyses revealed all 33 loci displayed polymorphism (66.7-96.9%) among 100 traditional rice varieties with a total of 387 alleles identified with an average of 11.72 alleles per variety. All varieties were genetically structured into fifteen well-separated groups. UPGMA analysis based on Jaccard's similarity separated varieties into 05 major clusters. Genetic diversity information is useful in the efficient use of Sri Lankan rice germplasm and managing in situ and ex situ germplasm collections in conserving traditional rice varieties.