Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Legume seed'
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Di, Lollo Antonio B. "Thermal and surface properties of crystalline and non-crystalline legume seed proteins." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59973.
Full textGlucose and mannose were the major sugars found in the isolates. Bipyramidal and spheroidal microstructures with higher protein contents generally had greater mannose content and lower glucose content. Differences in enthalpy of denaturation $( Delta$H), surface tension decay curves, surface hydrophobicities, and foam expansions were observed with isolates of different microstructures. Corresponding differences in molecular structure were not, however, detected by FT-IR spectroscopy. Using statistical analysis, a relationship between foam expansion and the $ Delta$H, solubility, surface hydrophobicity and surface tension of the isolates was obtained. Preliminary results suggest that the removal of carbohydrate influenced the physico-chemical properties of the protein.
Holland, David. "Glycosylhydrolases and the control of mannose/galactose ratio in legume-seed galactomannan." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322061.
Full textAtif, Rana Muhammad. "Dissecting the factors controlling seed development in the model legume Medicago truncatula." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS117/document.
Full textLegumes are not only indispensible for sustainable agriculture but are also a rich source of protein in food and feed for humans and animals, respectively. However, major proteins stored in legume seeds are poor in sulfur-containing amino acids, and may be accompanied by anti-nutritional factors causing low protein digestibility problems. In this regard, Medicago truncatula serves as a model legume to study legume seed development especially the phase of seed storage protein accumulation. As developing legume seeds are complex structures, a thorough knowledge of the morphogenesis of the seed and the characterization of regulatory mechanisms underlying the embryo development and seed filling of legumes is essential. Mutant studies have identified a DOF1147 (DNA-binding with One Finger) transcription factor belonging to the Zn-Finger family which was expressed in the endosperm at the transition period between embryogenesis and seed filling phase. During my PhD work, a number of transgene constructs were successfully generated for expression analysis of DOF1147 gene as well as the DOF1147 protein. A successful transformation protocol was also established for stable genetic transformation of M. truncatula. Subcellular localization studies have demonstrated that DOF1147 is a nuclear protein. A phylogenetic tree revealed different groups of DOF transcription factors with conserved domains in their protein sequence. In silico promoter analysis of putative target genes of DOF1147 identified cis-regulatory elements of various transcription factors along with auxin responsive elements (AuxREs) suggesting a possible role of auxin during seed development. A study of in vitro seed development under different hormone regimes has demonstrated the positive effect of auxin on kinetics of seed development in terms of gain in seed fresh weight and size, with NAA having a stronger effect than IBA. Using the cytomic approach, we further demonstrated the effect of auxin on the onset of endoreduplication in such seeds, which is the cytogenetic imprint of the transition between the cell division phase and the accumulation of storage products phase during seed development. As a whole, this work highlighted that the auxin treatments modulate the transition between mitotic cycles and endocycles in M. truncatula developing seeds by favouring sustained cell divisions while simultaneously prolonging endoreduplication
Sublett, Jacob D. "Effects of seed coat variation and population on plant-microbial interactions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467569697.
Full textParolari, A. "LEGUME PROTEINS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC DISEASES:HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND DIABETES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/245903.
Full textRapp, Graeme George. "The value of Indian mustard in cereal and legume crop sequences in northwest NSW." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18504.
Full textOldham, Michelle. "Goatsrue (Galega officinalis) Seed Biology, Control, and Toxicity." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/235.
Full textDowling, Christopher W. "Seed and Seedling Tolerance of Cereal, Oilseed, Fibre and Legume Crops to Injury from Banded Ammonium Fertilizers." Thesis, Griffith University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366485.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
Full Text
Eldredge, Sean D. "Beneficial Fungal Interactions Resulting in Accelerated Germination of Astragalus utahensis, a Hard-Seeded Legume." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1231.
Full textMeitzel, Tobias [Verfasser]. "Signaling pathways in legume seed development : evidence for a crosstalk between trehalose 6-phosphate and auxin ; [kumulative Dissertation] / Tobias Meitzel." Halle, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180387953/34.
Full textJeffery, Douglas. "The effect of dry heat on the seed germination of two indigenous and two alien legume species in South Africa." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26714.
Full textNorth, Helen Mary. "Pea seed lipoxygenase variants." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253646.
Full textRossi, Rubiana Falopa 1986. "Towards understanding the influence of seed maturation on physiological seed quality in legumes /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144406.
Full textCoorientador: Olivier Henri Leon Leprince
Banca: José Marcio Rocha Faria
Banca: Julia Buitink.
Banca: Nathalie Nesi
Resumo: Durante a maturação da semente, a germinação, a tolerância à dessecação e a longevidade são adquiridos sequencialmente. A maturação da semente termina com a fase de dessecação que traz o embrião a um estado de repouso. Na cadeia de produção de sementes, o estádio de maturação no momento da colheita é o primeiro fator que influencia a longevidade das sementes e estabelecimento da cultura. Após a colheita, as sementes são normalmente secas para um teor de água compatível com os tratamentos pós-colheita e armazenamento a longo prazo. No entanto, há uma falta de compreensão de como a longevidade das sementes é adquirida durante a maturação da semente e qual o impacto da secagem prematura na longevidade e na retomada das atividades celulares durante a embebição. Esta questão foi abordada aqui, comparando alterações transcriptoma associados com a secagem maturação e embebição de sementes de soja e Medicago truncatula, colhidos em um estádio imaturo e estádio seco maturo. A fase imatura correspondeu final de enchimento de grãos, quando a longevidade não foi adquirida enquanto outros traços de vigor foram adquiridos. A caracterização do transcriptoma de soja revelou que a secagem forçada não era semelhante à maturação de secagem na planta, o que estimulou a degradação da clorofila e síntese de chaperones de proteção. Oitenta e nove % dos genes diferencialmente expressos durante um período de 18 horas de embebição mostrou um padrão similar entre as sementes imaturos e maduros, consist... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: During seed maturation, germination, desiccation tolerance and longevity are acquired sequentially. Seed maturation is terminated by a desiccation phase that brings the embryo to a quiescent state. In the seed production chain, the stage of maturity at harvest is the first factor that influences seed longevity and crop establishment. After harvest, seeds are usually dried to water content compatible with long term storage and post-harvest treatments. However, there is a lack of understanding of how seed longevity is acquired during seed maturation and how premature drying impacts longevity and resumption of cellular activities during imbibition. This was addressed here by comparing transcriptome changes associated with maturation drying and imbibition of seeds of soybean and Medicago truncatula, harvested at an immature stage and mature dry stage. The immature stage corresponded to end of seed filling when longevity was not acquired while other vigor traits were acquired. Transcriptome characterization in soybean revealed that enforced drying was not similar to maturation drying in planta, which stimulated degradation of chlorophyll and synthesis of protective chaperones. Eighty-nine % of the differentially expressed genes during a 18h-imbibition period showed a similar pattern between immature and mature seeds, consistent with a comparable germination between stages. An analysis of the 147 transcripts that increased during imbibition of mature seeds but not in immature seeds... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumen: Pendant la maturation des graines, la germination, tolérance à la dessication et longévité sont acquises de manière séquentielle. La maturation s'achève par la dessication qui amène l'embryon à l'état de quiescence. Au cours de leur production, la maturité des graines à la récolte est le premier facteur qui influence la longévité et l'établissement de la culture lors du semis. Les graines récoltées sont ensuite séchées à une teneur en eau permettant leur conservation. On ne comprend pas comment la longévité est installée pendant la maturation et comment un séchage prématuré influence la longévité et la reprise des activités cellulaires pendant l'imbibition. L'objectif de la thèse était de répondre à ces questions en comparant les transcriptomes de graines immatures et matures de soja et Medicago truncatula pendant la dessication et l'imbibition. Les graines immatures furent récoltées après le remplissage avant la dessiccation, lorsque la longévité n'est pas encore acquise. Chez le soja, la comparaison des transcriptomes des graines immatures et matures montre que le séchage forcé n'est pas identique à la dessication in planta qui se caractérise par la synthèse de protéines chaperones. Plus de 89% des gènes différentiellement exprimés après 18 h d'imbibition présentent des profils d'expression identiques dans les graines immatures et matures, en accord avec la germination comparable de celles-ci. L'analyse des transcrits dont la teneur augmente uniquement pendant l'imbibition... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo)
Doutor
Nasar-Abbas, Syed Muhammad. "Investigation of environmental staining and storage on discolouration and cooking quality in Faba bean (Vicia faba L.)." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0219.
Full textSquella, Fernando. "Ecological significance of seed size in mediterranean annual pasture legumes." Adelaide Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, Department of Plant Science, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21647.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, 1992
Smith, Thomas M. "Seed Priming and Smoke Water Effects on Germination and Seed Vigor of Selected Low-Vigor Forage Legumes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36162.
Full textA commercial solid matric priming method and an osmotic priming method were used to measure seed priming responses of birdsfoot trefoil, kura clover, and sericea lespedeza. Differences were not observed using standard germination tests, but both priming methods show potential for increased germination rate (P>0.05). Conflicting results for matric and osmotic priming were found in terms of seed storage potential after priming, with matric primed seeds showing higher (P<0.05) germination after accelerated aging and osmotic primed seeds showing significant lower germination(P<0.01). Birdsfoot trefoil benefited from priming, but responses varied by priming treatment, while kura clover showed less response to both priming treatments. In a field study comparing matric primed vs. unprimed seedling emergence, matric priming effects were small and these data suggest that solid matrix priming may be unlikely to improve the field establishment of either species.
Aqueous smoke solutions were also tested for effect on seed germination. Differences in final germination percent due to solution type (after exposure to liquid smoke solutions for 10- or 45-min) were not observed. Highest concentration of the 10-min solution treatment reduced (P<0.05) birdsfoot trefoil germination. Greater germination was observed only for 'Perfect Fit' kura clover treated with low or intermediate concentrations of either solution. High concentrations of 10-min smoke water increased time to 50% germination (T50) for all seeds, but some reduction in T50 occurred for kura clovers treated with low (5%) solution concentrations. The 45-min treatments had little effect on germination rates. Applying aqueous smoke solution to seeds at germination did not improve germination responses of these forage legume species.
Master of Science
Kamboozia, Jafar. "Seedling vigour in winter grain legumes." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk152.pdf.
Full textAl-Helal, Ali A. "The use of isoenzymes in the study of germination, development and breeding of legumes." Thesis, Durham University, 1985. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7881/.
Full textLaw, Ho-ying, and 羅浩盈. "Structure-function study of vicilins from two indigenous Chinese legumes, Dolichos lablab and Phaseolus calcaratus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245560.
Full textRobert, Laurian S. "The expression of seed storage proteins in oat, other cereals and in legumes." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4615.
Full textEldredge, Sean D. "Beneficial fungal interactions resulting in accelerated germination of Astragalus utahensis, a hard-deeded legume /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2206.pdf.
Full textRossi, Rubiana. "Contribution à la compréhension de l'effet de maturation des graines sur leur qualité physiologique chez les légumineuses." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARI077/document.
Full textDuring seed maturation, germination, desiccation tolerance and longevity are acquired sequentially. Seed maturation is terminated by a desiccation phase that brings the embryo to a quiescent state. Seed maturity at harvest in¿ uences seed longevity and crop establishment. After harvest, seeds are usually dried to water content compatible with long term storage and post-harvest treatments. However, there is a lack of understanding of how seed longevity is acquired during seed maturation and how premature drying impacts longevity and resumption of cellular activities during imbibition. This was addressed here by comparing transcriptome changes associated with maturation drying and imbibition of seeds of soybean and Medicago truncatula, harvested at an immature stage and mature dry stage.The immature stage corresponded to end of seed ¿ lling when longevity was not acquired while other vigor traits were acquired. Transcriptome characterization in soybean revealed that enforced drying was not similar to maturation drying in planta, which stimulated degradation of chlorophyll and synthesis of protective chaperones. Eighty-nine % of the differentially expressed genes during a 18h-imbibition period showed a similar pattern between immature and mature seeds, consistent with a comparable germination between stages. An analysis of the 147 transcripts that increased during imbibition of mature seeds but not in immature seeds suggested an activation of processes associated with shoot meristem development and DNA repair. These data were compared with imbibing immature and mature seeds
Butler, Elizabeth Ann. "Legumes in antiquity : a micromorphological investigation of seeds of the Vicieae." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1990. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317540/.
Full textBalzotti, Marie Renee Barrett. "Identification, Sequencing, Expression and Evolutionary Relationships of the 11S Seed Storage Protein Gene in Chenopodium quinoa Willd." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1494.pdf.
Full textCully, Julia. "Aspects of structure and functionality in legumin and vicilin from Vicia faba seeds." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6713/.
Full textSalam, Kawsar Parveen. "Improving the fit of new annual pasture legumes in Western Australian farming systems: experience from Cadiz and Casbah." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1953.
Full textUrquiza, Nazareth Guedes 1975. "Morfoanatomia de frutos e sementes, germinação e mobilização de reservas em Abarema brachystachya (DC.) Barneby & Grimes, Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze e Mimosa scabrella Benth. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315562.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A família Leguminosae possui elevada representatividade entre os elementos do estrato arbóreo da Mata Atlântica. Diversas características da biologia das leguminosas têm contribuído para o seu sucesso ecológico e evolutivo entre elas a expressiva variação morfológica nos tipos de frutos e sementes. Essas variações são em grande parte relacionadas às estratégias de dispersão e de germinação. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar aspectos morfoanatomicos, de três espécies florestais Leguminosae da Mata Atlântica (Abarema brachystachya (DC.) Barneby & Grimes, Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze e M. scabrella Benth.), bem como analisar as características da germinação e as potenciais mudanças nas rotas bioquímicas ligadas ao metabolismo primário (carboidratos, lipídios e proteínas). Todas as espécies apresentam estrutura bastante uniforme, tanto no pericarpo quanto na semente. No pericarpo, foram observados aspectos comuns às leguminosas, sendo destacadas características como cutícula espessa, presença de tricomas no exocarpo, células comuns com paredes anticlinais retas, presença de cristais de oxalato de cálcio e calotas de fibras gelatinosas externas aos feixes dorsais e ventrais além de acúmulo de compostos fenólicos e segmentação pericárpica. Na semente, também foram observadas características comuns à família, como o caráter bitegumentado e a testa de estrutura padrão, com paliçada bem diferenciada. Os resultados dos ensaios de germinação mostraram que as espécies, mesmo apresentando alta germinabilidade apresentaram diferenças no percentual, tempo e velocidade de germinação, sugerindo que fatores endógenos podem influenciar a germinação dessas espécies. A quantificação de carboidratos, proteínas e lipídeos, bem como a determinação dos padrões protéicos e o perfil dos ácidos graxos confirmaram que as espécies apresentam diferenças entre si tanto na quantidade de compostos orgânicos estocados quanto na mobilização dessas reservas. Esses resultados permitiram concluir que as sementes das espécies estudadas exibiram teor quantitativo e qualitativo diferenciado entre si e que estes se alteram ao longo do processo germinativo, principalmente, as reservas mais energéticas como os carboidratos e os lipídios, fazendo com que a germinação aconteça de forma mais rápida
Abstract: The family Leguminosae contains high representation among the elements of the arboreal stratum of the Atlantic Forest. Several features of the biology of legumes have contributed to their ecological and evolutionary success, including the significant morphological variation in the types of fruits and seeds. These variations are largely related to the strategies of dispersal and germination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the morpho-anatomical aspects of species of the Atlantic Forest (Abarema brachystachya, Mimosa bimucronata and M. scabrella); including the analysis of the germination characteristics and potential changes in biochemical pathways linked to primary metabolism (carbohydrate, lipids and proteins). Species have very uniform structure both in the seed and pericarp. In the pericarp, common legumes aspects were observed, the xeromorphic features (thick cuticle, presence of trichomes in the ovarian epidermis and the exocarp, common cells with straight anticlinal walls, hypodermis, presence of calcium oxalate crystals and gelatinous fiber caps external to the dorsal and ventral bundles) and the anti-herbivory features (accumulation of phenolic compounds and pericarp segmentation) were highlighted. In the seed, common characteristics to the family were also found, as the character bitegmic and standard testa structure, with well-differentiated palisade cells. The results of germination tests showed that the species, even presenting high germination, showed differences in the percentage, time and speed of germination, suggesting that endogenous factors can influence the germination of these species. The quantification of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, as well as the determination of protein patterns and fatty acid profile, confirmed that the species differ from each other on both the quantity of stored organic compounds and in the mobilization of these reserves. These results showed that the seeds of the studied species displayed quantitative and qualitative differential content between themselves and that these contents change throughout the germination process, especially the most energy reserves as carbohydrates and lipids, causing that the germination occurs more quickly
Doutorado
Biologia Vegetal
Doutor em Biologia Vegetal
Altfuldisch, Rainer. "Haftung und Entschädigung nach Tankerunfällen auf See : Bestandsaufnahme, Rechtsvergleich und Überlegungen de lege ferenda /." Berlin : Springer, 2007. http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=197043.
Full textFIOCCA, MATTEO CARMINE. "«Non veni solvere legem, sed implere». Lo ius regium tra riformismo e consolidazioni normative nella Napoli del Settecento." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1055477.
Full textCaccere, Rodrigo. "Caracterização bioquímica e histo-estrutural de embriões de Inga vera Willd. Subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. durante a maturação e após secagem." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317723.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Inga vera Pennington produz sementes com alta sensibilidade à dessecação, o que dificulta seu armazenamento. Diversos mecanismos estão relacionados tolerância à dessecação, dentre eles o acúmulo de reservas insolúveis e de moléculas protetoras, redução do metabolismo e dobramento da parede celular. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o comportamento de eixos embrionários e cotilédones de I. vera com respeito a seus teores e composição de açúcares solúveis, de reserva e de parede celular e quanto à ultra-estrutura durante a maturação e após a secagem. Eixos embrionários e cotilédones de I. vera durante a maturação, acumulam altos níveis de amido e armazenam também outras substâncias como compostos fenólicos. O acúmulo de massa seca e o processo de vacuolização durante todo o desenvolvimentos dos embriões desta espécie indicam alta atividade metabólica até o momento da dispersão. Além disso, as paredes celulares de eixos embrionários e cotilédones acumulam galactanos que podem lhe conferir maior rigidez. Embriões de I. vera secos até 35% de teor de água apresentaram redução da capacidade germinativa. Esta desidratação parcial provocou um estímulo metabólico, evidenciado pela mobilização de reservas e deposição de material nas paredes celulares, além de intensa atividade do retículo endoplasmático rigoso, observada nos eixos embrionários. A secagem severa (17% de teor de água) provocou rompimento das membranas resultando no aparecimento de células completamente colapsadas. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que embriões I. vera mantém o metabolismo ativo durante a desidratação até que os processos de injúria comecem a ocorrer.
Abstract: Inga vera Pennington produces recalcitrant seeds, characterized by desiccation sensibility and short post-harvest life span, no longer than one mouth. Mechanisms proposed to explain the ability of organisms to survive desiccation include accumulation of insoluble reserves and protective molecules, metabolic "switch off" and cell wall folding, among others. The aim of the present study was to analyze the behavior of I.vera embryos (axes and cotyledons) with respect to sugar content, cell wall composition and ultrastructure during different stages of development and after desiccation. Axes and cotyledons accumulate starch and phenolic compounds and also showed vacuolization all over development, suggesting high metabolic activity up to the end of the maturation period. Moreover, cell walls of axes and cotyledons cantain polysaccharides, like galactans, that can provide more rigidity to the cell wall. Mature I.vera seeds were dried 35% or 17% and seed variability was skilghtly reduced due to drying to 35% of water content, but no seeds survived to severe desiccation (17% water content). Starch mobilization, increase in the cell wall thickness in axes and cotyledons, and high degree of development of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in axes suggest that drying to 35% of water content enhanced metabolic activity. Severe desiccation resulted in membrane breaking leading to collapsed protoplasm. Therefore we can conclude that I.vera embryos keep high metabolic activity during desiccation until damage processes start.
Mestrado
Biologia Celular
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Bau, Richard Hwei-Ming. "Les constituants biochimiques de quelques graines d'oleagineux et de légumineuses : Étude des propriétés physico-chimiques fonctionnelles et nutritionnelles. Traitements d'amélioration par voies chimique, enzymatique et biologique." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10270.
Full textN'Dzondzi-Bokouango, Gabriel. "Étude de l'influence de la germination sur la composition physicochimique et la valeur nutritionnelle des graines de féverole." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10304.
Full textWalker, Jennifer A. "Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb) seed production and establishment in Alberta." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/823.
Full textPlant Science
Prata, Diogo Manuel Carvalho. "Functional analysis of MiRNAs involved in the development of legume seeds." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/120627.
Full textPara alimentar a população mundial que continua em crescimento, tem de se encontrar novas estratégias que melhorem as técnicas usadas na agricultura. Nos continentes Sul americano, Asiático e Africano, o uso de leguminosas é prevalente, nomeadamente a soja (Glycine max) e o feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris). Para melhorar o desempenho destas culturas, é necessário ter um melhor entendimento de como as sementes se desenvolvem e neste trabalho o foco será determinar o efeito da expressão do microRNA (miRNA) miR408 em diferentes estados de desenvolvimento das sementes de Medicago truncatula (M. truncatula), bem como criar novas plantas transformantes. Em P. vulgaris foram identificados vários miRNAs que actuam no desenvolvimento da semente, nomeadamente o pvu-miR399a e pvu-miR166a. Em M. truncatula, já existe informação de que miR408 influencia o número de sementes por vagem. Como ponto de partida, uma análise foi feita para determinar os equivalentes de miR399a e miR166a de P. vulgaris e os seus potenciais alvos em M. truncatula assim como os potenciais alvos de miR408 de M. truncatula. Os resultados desta análise mostraram que os alvos previstos dos três miRNAs estão de acordo com a bibliografia. Usando uma planta previamente transformada (Mtr-MIM408) com um mimic de miR408 (MIM408), um transcrito complementar ao miRNA que diminui a expressão desse, os níveis de expressão de miR408 foram medidos. Dado que as amostras usadas para controlo apresentavam ter expressão de MIM408 não foi possível tirar conclusões. Relativamente à transformação de plantas, os fragmentos com MIM166a e MIM399a foram clonados com sucesso, mas a inserção destes num vector binário para transformar M. truncatula não foi possível. Finalmente, as plantas transformadas (Mtr-MIM408) mostraram floração tardia e continham menos sementes por vagem, semelhante ao que se encontra na bibliografia. Em suma, este trabalho contribuirá para futuros estudos relativos ao impacto que estes miRNAs tem no desenvolvimento das sementes.
Song, Youhong. "Genetic regulation of embryo development and formation of seed storage products in the legume model Medicago truncatula." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1036769.
Full textLegumes are increasingly recognised as playing a critical role in addressing the food crisis and meeting growing demands for bioenergy in a framework of sustainable cropping. M. truncatula is a widely used model to study legume biology particularly for legume-specific developmental questions such as nodulation. Accordingly, rich genetic sequencing information and extensive databases with bioinformatic analyses are made available by the legume community. This facilitates the use of M. truncatula as a model to study legume seed biology. A global picture of proteomics and transcriptomics of M. truncatula seed filling has been explored. However, there is still limited information available for M. truncatula as a legume model for studying seed biology and seed filling. This study in the thesis characterised M. truncatula embryo development from embryo sac to protein and oil body formation using histological, biochemical and molecular methods. A multicellular hypophysis, suspensor development and a clear procambial connection between shoot and root apical meristems are featured. TEM images clearly show a specific oil body arrangement aligning the protein bodies and plasma membrane. Gene expression during early seed development and the accumulation of storage protein and oil was profiled, with a focus on transcription factors. Embryogenesis establishes the embryonic pattern that acts as the centre for growth after germination and develops the cotyledons that are a repository for protein bodies and oil bodies in legumes. Early embryogenesis with a series of complex development events is completed in 6-8 days and is tightly regulated by a network of transcription factors. Early embryogenesis is characterised by three distinctive expression patterns, with MtSERF1 and MtWOX9 expression associated with embryo growth, connecting the early and late embryo development. Medicago orbicularis was chosen to compare the accumulation of seed storage products with M. truncatula because of its lower seed protein and oil. Further biochemical and histology studies clearly showed a contrasting seed nutritional spectrum in terms of protein, oil, starch and cell wall between M. truncatula and M. orbicularis, which provides a pair of close species to investigate genetic mechanisms of seed storage accumulation. The major regulators of seed maturation and seed filling are LEC1/L1l, LEC2, FUS3 and ABI3 in Arabidopsis while in Medicago only L1L and ABI3 are shown to be possible equivalent regulators. The expression of selected pathway genes further confirmed the transcriptional regulation. Reduced oil content in M. orbicularis is also associated with increased seed coat mucilage and cotyledon cell wall material, and gene expression of associated biosynthetic pathways. The storage compounds can potentially be influenced by modifying carbon flow (e.g. the mucilage biosynthesis pathway), or modifying regulatory genes (e.g. L1L). Apart from the biosynthesis of protein and oil, the process of packing protein and oil is also important for the final storage in the cotyledons. A highly efficient plant transformation system is essential for gene functional analysis and creating transgenic lines. Accordingly, an improved transformation procedure was developed using a new hormonal combination of ABA+GA (an unusual synergism) imposed from the beginning of tissue culture. In essence, the study in this thesis completed a detailed examination of morphological, cellular and molecular aspects of embryogenesis in M. truncatula, providing a legume perspective to complement studies in Arabidopsis embryogenesis. By comparing the cellular, biochemical and molecular basis of seed storage between M. truncatula and M. orbicularis, these species were found to be a promising pair for investigating mechanisms of regulating partitioning of legume seed storage compounds. The improvement of transformation efficiency further facilitates the genetic modification of specific genes of interest in M. truncatula in this context. Therefore, this thesis lays a foundation for further studies in legume seed biology and the regulation of seed filling and storage partitioning.
Dibley, Katherine. "The functional characterisation of novel sucrose transporters." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/937218.
Full textSucrose is the predominant form in which photosynthetically-fixed carbon is transported over long distances in many plant species. Sucrose moves in the plant from regions of net photosynthetic fixation of carbon or storage (source organs) to sinks, where active growth and/or storage product accumulation occurs. The phloem serves as the long-distance transport conduit. One or more symplasmic discontinuities may occur along the pathway from source to sink, invoking plasma membrane transport steps. For instance, phloem unloading of nutrients includes an apoplasmic step in a number of physiologically important sinks such as developing seeds and fleshy fruits. The uptake of sucrose into plant cells has been well described, and is mediated by sucrose/proton symporter proteins (SUTs). In contrast, little is known about the molecular identity of membrane transporters contributing to sucrose efflux in apoplasmic phloem loading and unloading. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise novel sucrose transporters involved in sucrose efflux. Seed coats of pea and bean were selected as source material, as they are functionally committed to sucrose efflux. Cloning by homology to known SUT sequences, five genes were isolated from legume seed coats - three from pea (including the previously described PsSUT1) and two from French bean. Complementation of the yeast strain, SUSY7, demonstrated that each gene encodes a functional sucrose transporter. When functionally expressed in yeast, three of the five transporters studied exhibited pH- and energy-independent sucrose transport that was shown to be bi-directional. These transport properties, together with counter transport, are consistent with a sucrose facilitator (SUF) function. In addition, and unlike H+-coupled SUTs, their transport function was insensitive to diethylpyrocarbonate and did not bind maltose. Kinetically the SUFs functioned as low-affinity, high-capacity sucrose transporters. The physiological significance of these novel SUFs in mediating release of sucrose from coats to the seed apoplasm in developing pea and bean seeds is discussed. Cellular and subcellular localisation studies were also carried out to determine whether SUFs are present at putative sites of sucrose efflux. The cellular and subcellular localisation of PsSUT1, PsSUF1 and PsSUF4, cloned from pea, was carried out to determine their potential contribution to phloem loading and unloading of sucrose in planta. Transient expression of GFP-tagged protein showed that all three transporters were plasma membrane localised. Thus, the likely function of the two facilitators is to mediate sucrose movement into or out of cells down a sucrose concentration gradient. In contrast, the sucrose symporter PsSUT1 would be expected to mediate sucrose retrieval from the source leaf or seed apoplasms. Immunolocalisation studies in seed coat tissues revealed that PsSUF1 and PsSUF4 are present in the inner layers of parenchyma, the putative site of sucrose release in developing seed coats. In contrast, PsSUT1 was restricted to the seed coat vascular bundles, suggesting a role in the retrieval of leaked sucrose along the delivery pathway. PsSUF4 was also present within the vascular bundles, and its function is less apparent, given the polarity of the sucrose gradient and the transporter functions as a facilitator. In pea, phloem loading of leaf minor veins follows an apoplasmic pathway (Wimmers and Turgeon, 1991). As such, two transport events- efflux from the mesophyll symplasm and subsequent uptake by collection phloem- occur in series. Thus, source leaf minor veins were investigated as another region of symplasmic discontinuity and hence a site of sucrose efflux. SUFs were not located in putative efflux cells (bundle sheath or phloem parenchyma cells), but were present, along with PsSUT1, on the plasma membranes of sieve elements. In addition, another sucrose transporter, of unknown identity, was established to be located on plasma membranes of companion cells using a generic SUT1 antibody. To further understand the mechanisms of sucrose efflux, the need to access and study the cytoplasmic face of the SUFs was recognised. A system was developed to enable this by utilising the sec6-4 mutation in yeast, which results in the production of inside-out plasma membrane vesicles. When the transporter gene of interest is transformed into the yeast mutant and transporter protein is incorporated into inside-out vesicles, the cytoplasmic face of the membrane protein is exposed for study. Rapid, real time evaluation of sucrose transporter activity of the membrane vesicles can be monitored using stopped-flow fluorimetry. The technology achieves this outcome by measuring changes in light scattering as membrane vesicles osmotically shrink or swell in response to sucrose transport into or from the vesicles respectively. To make this system suitable for studies of sucrose transport, the endogenous yeast invertase and maltose transporters, which also transport sucrose, needed to be removed from the yeast genome. Initial attempts to remove the invertase gene were carried out in yeast harbouring the sec6-4 mutation, relying on homologous recombination-mediated gene disruption. However, multiple attempts at disruption indicated that more than one invertase gene was present in sec6-4 yeast. A different strategy was adopted which involved incorporating the vesicle accumulation mutation into a suitable (invertase and maltose transporter free) yeast strain. The resultant yeast strain developed, s6s7, successfully accumulated inside-out membrane vesicles, and when combined with the appropriate expression plasmid, offers a new system to functionally characterise sucrose transporters from their cytoplasmic face. Overall, the work presented in this thesis has increased our knowledge of the mechanisms of sucrose efflux in plants. We have demonstrated that the SUT gene family includes novel sucrose facilitators (SUFs) in addition to the sucrose/proton symporters previously reported. These plasma membrane SUFs are localised (but not restricted) to regions supporting high sucrose fluxes, including seed coats and the minor veins of source leaves. In developing seed coats, the contribution of SUFs (relative to other, as yet unidentified, energised transporters) to sucrose efflux may vary across seed development. The engineering of the s6s7 strain of yeast for sucrose transporter characterisation provides the opportunity to investigate the kinetics of the cytoplasmic face of sucrose transporters, including SUFs, SUTs and non-SUT family transporters. This will allow sucrose efflux to be better understood in planta.
"Biochemical composition, protein quality and hypocholesterolemic effect of mature seeds of a pigmented Vigna sinensis cultivar." 1999. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889823.
Full textThesis submitted in: August 1998.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-100).
Abstract also in Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Proximate Composition --- p.4
Chapter 1.2 --- Amino Acid Composition --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.11
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Trypsin Inhibitors --- p.12
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Phytate --- p.13
Chapter 1.3.3 --- Tannins --- p.14
Chapter 1.3.4 --- Lectins --- p.15
Chapter 1.4 --- Two Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.17
Chapter 1.5 --- Protein Digestibility --- p.19
Chapter 1.6 --- Protein Quality --- p.22
Chapter 1.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic Effects --- p.24
Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.36
Chapter 2.1 --- Plant Material --- p.36
Chapter 2.2 --- Sample preparation --- p.36
Chapter 2.3 --- Proximate composition --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Protein --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Fat --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Carbohydrate --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Fiber --- p.38
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Mineral --- p.39
Chapter 2.3.6 --- Moisture --- p.39
Chapter 2.4 --- Amino acid composition --- p.40
Chapter 2.5 --- Antinutrients --- p.41
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Trypsin inhibitors --- p.41
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Tannins --- p.42
Chapter 2.5.3 --- Phytate --- p.43
Chapter 2.5.4 --- Lectins --- p.43
Chapter 2.6 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.45
Chapter 2.6.1 --- Protein extraction --- p.45
Chapter 2.6.2 --- IEF gel --- p.45
Chapter 2.6.3 --- SDS gel --- p.46
Chapter 2.7 --- Protein digestibility --- p.48
Chapter 2.7.1 --- In vitro Protein digestibility --- p.48
Chapter 2.7.2 --- True Protein digestibility --- p.49
Chapter 2.8 --- Protein quality --- p.51
Chapter 2.9 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.52
Chapter 2.10 --- Statistical analysis --- p.55
Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.56
Chapter 3.1 --- Proximate composition --- p.56
Chapter 3.2 --- Amino acid composition --- p.56
Chapter 3.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.56
Chapter 3.4 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.60
Chapter 3.5 --- Protein digestibility --- p.60
Chapter 3.6 --- Protein quality --- p.60
Chapter 3.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.62
Chapter 3.7.1 --- Growth rate against day --- p.62
Chapter 3.7.2 --- Health indexes --- p.64
Chapter 3.7.3 --- Cholesterol content --- p.64
Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.67
Chapter 4.1 --- Proximate composition --- p.67
Chapter 4.2 --- Amino acid composition --- p.70
Chapter 4.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.74
Chapter 4.4 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.77
Chapter 4.5 --- Protein digestibility --- p.79
Chapter 4.6 --- Protein quality --- p.81
Chapter 4.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.82
Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.88
References --- p.89
Masingi, Nkateko Nhlalala. "Isolation and characterisation of a galactose-specific lectin from maturing seeds of lonchocarpus capassa and molecular cloning of the lectin gene." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1355.
Full textA 29 kDa lectin that shows specificity for galactose was isolated from Lonchocarpus capassa seeds by a combination of ammonium sulphate precipitation and affinity chromatography on a galactose-sepharose column. The 29 kDa lectin subunit co-purified with a 45 kDa subunit. The N-terminal sequence of the 29 kDa subunit showed homology to other legume lectins while that of 45 kDa subunit was capped. A 360 bp fragment was amplified using degenerate primers designed from internal protein sequences of the 29 kDa subunit and a 5´ RACE system primer. The cDNA fragment was cloned into pTz57R/Tvector and transformed into E. coli. The partial amino acid sequence of the lectin subunit was deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the clone. The 360 bp fragment consisted of 342 bp sequence coding for the start codon, leader sequence, N-Terminal sequence and sequences of the 79 amino acids from N-terminus. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with other legume lectins showed regions of sequence homology with precursor sequences of Robinia pseudoacacia Bark lectin, a non seed lectin from Pisum sativum (pea), and the galactose specific peanut agglutinin (PNA) from Arachis hypogaea. Alignment of these sequences showed conserved regions including the metal binding sites found in all legume lectins. The 5´ end DNA sequence was used to design locus-specific primers which were used with genome walking cassette primers in an attempt to amplify the full L. capassa lectin gene. The cassette primers were designed from restriction enzyme sites on the cassette. Of all the restriction enzymes on the cassette Hind III and the L. capassa gene-specific primers amplified 288 bp of the 342 bp sequence already obtained from sequencing of the cDNA sequence with minor amino acid differences. Although the full lectin sequence was not obtained the study confirmed the presence of a galactose-specific lectin in L. capassa seeds.
Borthakur, Alip. "Studies on Lipoxygenenases in Legume seeds." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1838.
Full textSutcliffe, Michelle Anne. "Physiological factors affecting the germination of Cyclopia seed." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10731.
Full textSeed dormancy in Cyclopia spp. (Fabaceae) was investigated using seed from the seeder C. subternata and the resprouter C. intermedia obtained from the Southern Cape region. Seed of both species exhibited seed coat imposed dormancy which could be broken by scarification of the seed coat. However, in addition to an impermeable seed coat, seeds from C. intermedia also exhibit an embryo imposed dormancy which could be broken by cold treatment. Treatment of the seeds with gibberellic acid (GA3 ) , cytokinin (BA) and ethylene could be substituted for the cold treatment. The ethylene sensitivity of the seeds could be enhanced with short-chain saturated fatty acids (octanoic acid) which further stimulated germination. The effect of plant-derived smoke was also investigated and it appears that, in combination, ethylene and short-chain saturated fatty acids present in the smoke stimulate germination of the seeds. Treatment of the seeds with norbornadiene (NBD) before the above treatments resulted in the inhibition of germination, indicating that germination of the seeds of Cyclopia spp. is primarily controlled by the action of ethylene. The interaction between cold treatment, GA3 , BA and ethylene during germination of the seeds will be discussed.
"Ecological significance of seed size in mediterranean annual pasture legumes." Adelaide Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, Department of Plant Science, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ph/09phs7728.pdf.
Full textGesinde, Folashade. "Structural and functional characterization of ferritin (iron-binding proteins) isolated from manitoba legume seeds." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31842.
Full textOctober 2016
"Establishment of cell culture and characterization of seed coat pigments of vigna sinensis." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890532.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-102).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgments --- p.i
List of abbreviations --- p.ii
Abstract --- p.iii
Table of Contents --- p.vi
List of tables --- p.x
List of figures --- p.xii
Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Plant of interest --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Literature review --- p.2
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Anthocyanins-natural pigments in plants --- p.2
Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Sources and biosynthesis --- p.2
Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Chemical properties --- p.2
Chapter 1.2.1.3 --- Biological effects --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Characterization of anthocyanins --- p.4
Chapter 1.2.3 --- Plant tissue and cell cultures --- p.6
Chapter 1.2.4 --- Induction of anthocyanins in plant tissue culture --- p.7
Chapter 1.2.5 --- Factors affecting anthocyanin production --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.5.1 --- Plant hormones --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.5.2 --- Nutrients --- p.9
Chapter 1.2.5.2.1 --- Phosphate --- p.9
Chapter 1.2.5.2.2 --- Nitrogen --- p.9
Chapter 1.2.5.3 --- Osmoticums --- p.10
Chapter 1.2.5.3.1 --- Sucrose --- p.10
Chapter 1.2.5.3.2 --- Other factors --- p.10
Chapter 1.3 --- Research objectives --- p.12
Chapter 2. --- Materials and methods --- p.16
Chapter 2.1 --- Plant materials --- p.16
Chapter 2.2 --- Study of pigment formation at different developmental stages --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Cultivation of Vigna sinensis --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Sample collection --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.3 --- HPLC analysis of pigmented vegetative tissues --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.4 --- HPLC analysis of seed coats at different developmental stages --- p.17
Chapter 2.3 --- Characterization of seed coat pigments --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Extraction of seed coats pigments --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Acid hydrolysis of anthocyanins --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.3 --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- HPLC system --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Analytical conditions --- p.18
Chapter 2.4 --- Establishment of tissue culture system --- p.19
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Aseptic plant stocks --- p.19
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Shoot-tip cultures --- p.19
Chapter 2.4.3 --- Callus initiation --- p.19
Chapter 2.4.3.1 --- From seed coats --- p.20
Chapter 2.4.3.2 --- From vegetative tissues --- p.20
Chapter 2.4.3.3 --- Light and dark --- p.20
Chapter 2.4.4 --- Optimization of callus growth --- p.21
Chapter 2.4.4.1 --- Basal medium --- p.21
Chapter 2.4.4.2 --- Combination of various plant hormones --- p.21
Chapter 2.4.4.3 --- Basal salt --- p.21
Chapter 2.5 --- Studies of anthocyanin production in hypocotyl callus cultures --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Effects of nutrients --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- Nitrogen --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.1.2 --- Phosphate --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Osmotic stress --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.2.1 --- Sucrose --- p.22
Chapter 2.5.2.2 --- Mannitol --- p.23
Chapter 2.5.2.3 --- Sodium chloride --- p.23
Chapter 2.5.2.4 --- Polyethylene glycol --- p.23
Chapter 2.6 --- Studies of anthocyanin production in cell suspension cultures --- p.23
Chapter 2.6.1 --- Effects of nutrients --- p.24
Chapter 2.6.1.1 --- Nitrogen --- p.24
Chapter 2.6.1.2 --- Phosphate --- p.24
Chapter 2.6.2 --- Osmotic stress --- p.25
Chapter 2.6.2.1 --- Sucrose --- p.25
Chapter 2.6.2.2 --- Polyethylene glycol --- p.25
Chapter 2.6.3 --- Effects of other factors --- p.25
Chapter 2.6.3.1 --- Riboflavin --- p.25
Chapter 2.6.3.2 --- pH --- p.26
Chapter 2.7 --- Measurement of cell growth --- p.26
Chapter 2.8 --- Estimation of anthocyanins --- p.26
Chapter 2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.27
Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.30
Chapter 3.1 --- Study of pigment formation at different developmental stages --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.1 --- General description --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.2 --- HPLC analysis of developing seed coats and other vegetative tissues --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.3 --- The relationship between pigment formation and seed development --- p.30
Chapter 3.2 --- Characterization of seed coat pigments --- p.31
Chapter 3.3 --- Establishment of tissue culture system --- p.43
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Callus initiations from seed coats --- p.43
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Callus initiations from vegetative tissues --- p.43
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Optimization of callus growth --- p.43
Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Effects of NAA and BA --- p.43
Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Effects of basal medium and combinations of plant hormones --- p.44
Chapter 3.3.3.3 --- Effects of basal salt --- p.44
Chapter 3.4 --- Studies of anthocyanin production in hypocotyl callus culture --- p.54
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of nutrients --- p.54
Chapter 3.4.1.1 --- Effects of total nitrogen --- p.54
Chapter 3.4.1.2 --- Effects of phosphate --- p.54
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of plant hormones --- p.55
Chapter 3.4.3 --- Osmotic stress --- p.55
Chapter 3.5 --- Establishment of suspension culture system --- p.64
Chapter 3.6 --- Studies of anthocyanin production in seed coat suspension cultures --- p.64
Chapter 3.6.1 --- Nutrient effects on suspension cultures --- p.64
Chapter 3.6.2 --- Osmotic stress on suspension cultures --- p.65
Chapter 3.6.3 --- Effects of phosphate with high nitrogen --- p.65
Chapter 3.6.4 --- Effects of riboflavin with high nitrogen --- p.66
Chapter 3.6.5 --- Influence of pH with high nitrogen --- p.66
Chapter 4. --- Discussion --- p.79
Chapter 4.1 --- Anthocyanin in vegetative tissues and seed coats of Vigna sinensis --- p.79
Chapter 4.2 --- Factors affecting callus initiation in Vigna sinensis --- p.81
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Explant types --- p.81
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Plant hormones --- p.82
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Basal medium --- p.82
Chapter 4.3 --- Factors affecting anthocyanin production in callus cultures derived from hypocotyls --- p.83
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Nutrients --- p.83
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Osmotic stress --- p.85
Chapter 4.4 --- Factors affecting anthocyanin production in suspension culture derived from seed coats --- p.86
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Nutrients --- p.86
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Osmotic stress --- p.87
Chapter 4.5 --- Comparison of anthocyanin production from natural source and plant tissue cultures of V.sinensis --- p.89
Chapter 4.6 --- Further studies --- p.89
Chapter 5. --- Conclusions --- p.91
References --- p.93
"The antiproliferative activity of hakmeitau bean (Vigna sinensis) extract." 2004. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892192.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-149).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgements --- p.i
Abstract --- p.ii
Abstract (Chinese version) --- p.iv
Table of Contents --- p.vi
List of Tables --- p.x
List of Figures --- p.xii
List of Abbreviations --- p.xiv
Chapter Chapter One: --- An overview of Vigna sinensis seeds
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Food and functional food --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Edible legumes as an important food --- p.4
Chapter 1.4 --- Nutritional an extra-nutritional values of V. sinensis seeds --- p.5
Chapter Chapter Two: --- Purification of phenolic antioxidants from V. sinensis seeds
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.11
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants --- p.12
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Phenolic flavonoids --- p.15
Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Chemicals and reagents --- p.24
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Plant material --- p.25
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Optimization and extraction of V. sinensis seeds constituents --- p.25
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Chromatographic separation of phenolic components --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Determination of phenolic contents --- p.27
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Determination of free radical scavenging ability using trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay --- p.28
Chapter 2.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.29
Chapter 2.3 --- Results and Discussion
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Optimization on the extraction of V. sinensis seeds --- p.30
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Extraction and fractionation of V. sinensis seeds constituents --- p.31
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Yield of various V sinensis seed fractions --- p.31
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Phenolic contents in various V. sinensis seed fractions --- p.32
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Free radical scavenging abilities of various V sinensis seed fractions --- p.33
Chapter Chapter Three: --- Effect of V. sinensis seed extract on high fat and cholesterol - feeding mice
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.41
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Cholesterol in bloodstream circulation --- p.42
Chapter 3.1.2 --- "Relationship between LDL oxidation, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease" --- p.43
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Diet supplements with beneficial effects on preventing coronary heart disease --- p.44
Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.47
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Chemicals and reagents --- p.47
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Preparation of diets --- p.48
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Animals --- p.48
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Feeding experiments --- p.49
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Post-feeding analysis --- p.50
Chapter 3.2.5.1 --- Caecal content and health indices --- p.50
Chapter 3.2.5.2 --- Serum triglycerides --- p.51
Chapter 3.2.5.3 --- Serum total cholesterol --- p.52
Chapter 3.2.5.4 --- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol --- p.53
Chapter 3.2.5.5 --- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol --- p.54
Chapter 3.2.5.6 --- Hepatic lipid and cholesterol --- p.55
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Statistical analysis --- p.55
Chapter 3.3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.56
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Food intakes and body weights of animals --- p.56
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Caecal contents and health indices --- p.56
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effects of V sinensis seed extract on serum and hepatic levels of triglycerides and cholesterol --- p.57
Chapter Chapter Four: --- Antiproliferative activities of V. sinensis seed extracts
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.66
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Cancer and antioxidant --- p.67
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Dietary cancer prevention agents --- p.68
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.71
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Chemicals and reagents --- p.71
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Cell lines --- p.71
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Maintenance of cell lines --- p.72
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Antiproliferation assays --- p.73
Chapter 4.2.4.1 --- MTT assay --- p.73
Chapter 4.2.4.2 --- BrdU assay --- p.73
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Cytotoxic activity determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay --- p.77
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Time-course assay --- p.79
Chapter 4.2.7 --- Determination of IC50 --- p.79
Chapter 4.2.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.79
Chapter 4.3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.80
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Antiproliferative activities of V. sinensis seed extracts on HepG2 cells --- p.80
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Cytotoxic activities of V. sinensis seed extracts on HepG2 cells --- p.82
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Antiproliferative activities of phenolic fraction on MCF-7cells --- p.83
Chapter 4.3.4 --- Cytotoxic activity of phenolic fraction on MCF-7 cells --- p.84
Chapter 4.3.5 --- Time-course study of antiproliferative activities of phenolic fraction on cancer cells --- p.85
Chapter 4.3.6 --- Effect of phenolic fraction on normal cells --- p.86
Chapter Chapter Five: --- Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of selected content flavonoids from V. sinensis seeds
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.93
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Cell cycle progression and regulation --- p.94
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Bioavailability of plant flavonoids --- p.96
Chapter 5.1.3 --- Characterization of flavonoids in V. sinensis seed --- p.98
Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.102
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Chemicals and reagents --- p.102
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Determination of free radical scavenging ability of identified flavonoids from V sinensis seeds using trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay --- p.103
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Antiproliferation assays --- p.104
Chapter 5.2.4 --- Cytotoxicity assay --- p.104
Chapter 5.2.5 --- Time-course assay --- p.104
Chapter 5.2.6 --- Determination of cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry --- p.105
Chapter 5.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.106
Chapter 5.3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.107
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Free radical scavenging abilities of identified flavonoids from V sinensis seeds --- p.107
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Antiproliferative activities of selected flavonoids on cancer cells --- p.109
Chapter 5.3.3 --- Cytotoxic activities of selected flavonoids on cancer cells --- p.111
Chapter 5.3.4 --- Time -course study of antiproliferative activities on cancer cells --- p.112
Chapter 5.3.5 --- Cytotoxic activities of selected flavonoids on normal cells --- p.114
Chapter 5.3.6 --- Determination of the effects of cyanidin on cancer cells by analyzing cell cycle pattern --- p.115
Chapter Chapter Six: --- Conclusion --- p.128
References --- p.131
Chang, Jen. "Studies of cytokinin metabolism and translocation in relation to leaf senescence and seed development of leguminous plants." Phd thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142255.
Full textLi, Bing-Hong, and 李炳宏. "Studies on the constituents of the legume (seeds, arils, pods) and flowersof Cassia Fistula L." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79936755229418299419.
Full textCodeço, Sara Cristina Queirós Magalhães Sá. "Promoting grain legume seeds in animal feeding: unveiling the nutritive value and phytochemicals of European varieties." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108943.
Full textCodeço, Sara Cristina Queirós Magalhães Sá. "Promoting grain legume seeds in animal feeding: unveiling the nutritive value and phytochemicals of European varieties." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108943.
Full textMashifane, Dipoo Charity. "The effect of chemomutagenesis on root nodulation and seed protein in tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1147.
Full textDepartment of Plant Production
Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) is an important food legume originating from South America and the South-western parts of the United States. The crop is produced in many countries worldwide including South Africa. It is highly tolerant to drought and the seed contains a wide range of vitamins, minerals and protein of high nutritional quality. The genetic base of tepary bean is narrow but can be widened by chemical mutagenesis. However, there are no reports on the impact of chemical mutagenesis on the root nodulation and seed storage proteins in tepary bean. Therefore, this study was designed to examine root nodulation attributes and seed storage proteins of three tepary bean genotypes in the early mutagenic generations (M2 to M4) derived through treatment with varying doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 v/v) of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The experiment on root nodulation attributes was laid out as a 3 x 5 x 3 (genotypes x EMS doses x mutant generations) factorial design replicated three times. At harvest, shoot height (SHT), primary root length (PRL), dry weights (shoot, root and nodule), number of nodules per plant (NNP) and grain yield components such as the number of pods per plant (NPP) and number of seeds per pod (NSP) were measured. Highly significant (P≤0.01) dose effects were observed for SHT, PRL, shoot dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW). Highly significant (P≤0.01) interaction effects of mutant generation x genotype x dose were observed for NSP. A highly significant (P≤0.01) positive linear relationship was observed between the NNP and nodule dry weight (NDW). Increase in the PRL suggested that tepary bean mutants could be important in drought tolerance. EMS treatment led to an enhanced partitioning of dry matter (assimilates) to the shoots and roots. There was a three fold increase in most of the root nodulation traits at the 0.5% EMS dose.The Kjeldahl method was used for crude protein determination whereas the sodium dodecyl sulphate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) was utilized in determining the protein banding patterns of the bean. There were highly significant (P≤0.01) differences among the genotypes in crude protein accumulation. Highly significant (P≤0.01) mutant generation x genotype x dose were observed for seed protein accumulation. ‘Genotype 3’ attained the highest protein content (24.23%) at 1.5% EMS dose in the M4 generation. EMS doses ≥0.5% positively stimulated protein accumulation in all genotypes but high EMS doses (2.0%) depressed protein content. There were significant variations in seed storage protein profiles among the genotypes and mutant generations. ‘Genotype 6’ showed a distinct 15.0kDa protein fragment which was absent in the majority of the remaining genotypes. The presence of distinct protein subunits in the three genotypes could be used in varietal
NRF
"Evaluation of antioxidant activities and protective effects on oxygen-radical-generated DNA damage of selected legume seeds." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890538.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-109).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgements --- p.i
Abstract --- p.ii
List of Abbreviations --- p.v
List of Tables --- p.vi
List of Figures --- p.vii
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- "Free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidants" --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Free radical and ROS --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Oxidative stress --- p.6
Chapter 1.1.3 --- Antioxidants --- p.8
Chapter 1.2 --- Plant as a source of antioxidants --- p.13
Chapter 1.2.1 --- Common food sources of antioxidants --- p.13
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Legume seeds as antioxidant sources --- p.15
Chapter 1.3 --- Methods used to evaluate the antioxidant activity --- p.16
Chapter 1.3.1 --- β-carotene bleaching method --- p.17
Chapter 1.3.2 --- DPPH. scavenging method --- p.17
Chapter 1.3.3 --- High-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) --- p.18
Chapter 1.3.4 --- Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) --- p.20
Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives of the study --- p.22
Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.23
Chapter 2.1 --- Plant materials and chemicals --- p.23
Chapter 2.2 --- Sample preparation --- p.23
Chapter 2.3 --- Determination of antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching method --- p.24
Chapter 2.4 --- Evaluation of free radical scavenging ability --- p.26
Chapter 2.5 --- HPLC separation of seed extract --- p.27
Chapter 2.6 --- Evaluation of protective effects of legumes on the DNA damage using the comet assay --- p.28
Chapter 2.6.1 --- Preparation of reagents --- p.28
Chapter 2.6.2 --- Blood sample --- p.29
Chapter 2.6.3 --- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment --- p.29
Chapter 2.6.4 --- Ethidium bromide-acridine orange (Et-Ac) viability determination --- p.31
Chapter 2.6.5 --- Slide preparation --- p.31
Chapter 2.6.6 --- Alkaline comet assay --- p.31
Chapter 2.6.7 --- Quantification of DNA damage --- p.33
Chapter 2.6.8 --- Statistical analysis --- p.33
Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.40
Chapter 3.1 --- General description of 24 selected legume seeds --- p.40
Chapter 3.1 --- Determination of antioxidant activity using β-carotene bleaching method --- p.40
Chapter 3.2 --- Evaluation of free radical scavenging ability --- p.43
Chapter 3.3 --- Evaluation of protective effects of legumes on the DNA damage using the comet assay --- p.45
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Optimal assay conditions --- p.46
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Protective effects of seed extract and vitamin C --- p.47
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effects of heat treatment on the protective effect --- p.48
Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.84
Chapter 4.1 --- Methanolic extraction --- p.84
Chapter 4.2 --- Antioxidant activities determined with β-carotene bleaching method and DPPH' scavenging method --- p.84
Chapter 4.3 --- Evaluation of protective effects of legumes on the DNA damage using the comet assay --- p.93
Chapter 4.3.1 --- H202-mediated DNA damage --- p.93
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Protective effects of seed extracts and vitamin C --- p.94
Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.98
References --- p.100