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1
Paukku, E. (Eelis). "Productization of legal services." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201908212782.
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Abstract. The goal of my research was to find out how to productize legal services. This study includes analyzing previous literature about productization of expert services and finding out special issues related to legal services. The goal of the study is to create a conceptual model for productization of legal service. The study includes literature review, regulation review, survey and interviews, which all are combined to find out, what is essential in legal services and how to productize them and successfully turn productized services to business models.
Several key points were recognized in the literature review. There is a process to productize an expert service. Main points of this process are recognizing the value creation to customer, understanding the service structure and making service phases more repeatable and modular. There were also some special features related to legal services that must be taken account when productizing these services. There were also major issues about earning model in these productized services. Some issues were related to law, others to Finnish bar association rules and others to court processes. Main findings of this review were that it is possible to productize legal services and create an earning model around these services, but in field of legal services there are limitations to that.
In the empirical part of the study there are two different methods: survey and interviews. Survey was related to acceptable costs in courts. The results of this survey were that it is currently difficult to create earning model around productized and automatized legal services that are related to litigation as there is no clear line whether these costs are accepted in courts. In interviews several productization experts with background of productizing legal services were interviewed as well as representatives of Ministry of justice, Finnis bar association and Finnish lawyers’ association. These interviews revealed some other key points related to productization of legal services. Main points were that some customers are looking for other value than just the documents or litigation, for example certainty and that there are major differences between productability of different fields of law. Two main points for preventing productization and automatization were recognized: reluctance to change processes in private businesses and in courts as well as current court process.
It was possible to create conceptual model for productizing and automatizing legal services. The concept derives from model for productizing expert services, but it does also take account special features of legal services. Main phases of the model are recognizing the value created to customer, understanding the services structure, analyzing the earning models, analyzing scalability of service phases, restructuring services in order to make some service phases modular, analyzing the regulation and finally automatizing phases that are suitable for automatization in the viewpoints of regulation and value creation.
Most important finding of the study are the main restrictions and limitations for how to productize legal service, as it differs from productizing expert services in general. Other main finding of the study is the conceptual model how to productize legal service. The model can be used in most law firms to restructure their business and create new productized legal services as well as turn them into profitable business. This model can be used in law firms, but also in other firms offering legal services or willing to do so. The study added previous research on productization of expert services by expanding it more in the field of law and specially in certain country. The results of the study can be used in future business and productization studies related to law firms, as well as productization of expert services. The results on limitations and requirements can be directly applied only in Finland, but conceptual model can be used regardless of nation.Lakipalvelun tuotteistaminen. Tiivistelmä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten lakipalvelut voidaan tuotteistaa. Tutkimus kattaa kirjallisuuskatsauksen asiantuntijapalveluiden tuotteistamisesta sekä lakipalveluiden erityispiirteistä. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on luoda konsepti lakipalvelun tuotteistamiseksi. Tutkimuksen vaiheet ovat: kirjallisuuskatsaus, sääntelykatsaus, kyselytutkimus ja haastattelut. Näiden tulosten perusteella todetaan, mitkä ovat olennaiset seikat lakipalveluiden tuotteistamisessa, mikä on prosessi tuotteistamiseen ja miten luoda onnistuneita ansaintamalleja tuotteistettujen lakipalveluiden ympärille.
Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tunnistetaan useita avainseikkoja lakipalveluiden tuotteistamiseksi. Kirjallisuudessa on jo aiemmin käsitelty prosessia asiantuntijapalvelun tuotteistamiseksi. Tässä tärkeimpinä seikkoina ovat olleet arvonluonnin ymmärtäminen, palvelun rakenteen hahmottaminen sekä palvelun vaiheiden muuttaminen modulaarisemmaksi ja toistettavammaksi. Lakipalveluista tunnistetaan myös erityispiirteitä, mitkä täytyy huomioida niiden tuotteistamisessa. Merkittävimmät seikat liittyvät olemassa olevaan sääntelyyn eli lakeihin, Suomen asianajajaliiton sääntöihin sekä oikeuslaitoksen ja viranomaisen prosesseihin. Tämän vaiheen päälöydökset ovat, että on mahdollista tuotteistaa lakipalvelu ja luoda ansaintamalli tuotteistettujen palveluiden avulla, mutta lakipalveluiden osalta tähän on tiettyjä rajoituksia.
Tutkimuksen empiriaosiossa käytetään kahta erilaista metodia: kyselytutkimusta ja haastatteluita. Kysely liittyy hyväksyttäviin kuluihin oikeudessa. Tämän kyselyn tuloksena on, että on haastavaa kehittää ansaintamalleja tuotteistettujen ja automatisoitujen lakipalveluiden ympärille, koska näistä aiheutuvien kulujen laskuttamisesta ei ole olemassa selkeää linjaa. Haastattelujen kohteena on sekä useita lakipalveluiden tuotteistamisen asiantuntijoita että edustajia oikeusministeriöistä, Suomen lakimiesliitosta ja Suomen asianajajaliitosta. Haastatteluiden perusteella tunnistetaan muita avaintekijöitä lakipalveluiden tuotteistamisessa. Yksi tällainen seikka on, että useat asiakkaat hakevat dokumenttien ja oikeudenkäyntipalvelun lisäksi varmuutta siitä, että asia on hoidettu. Toinen havaittu avaintekijä oli, että eri oikeudenalojen palveluiden välillä on merkittäviä eroja tuotteistamisen mahdollisuuksissa. Haastatteluissa havaittiin myös kaksi olennaista seikkaa, jotka estävät lakipalveluiden tuotteistamista: muutosvastarinta sekä yksityisellä että julkisella puolella ja nykyiset viranomaisprosessit.
Näiden vaiheiden perusteella voidaan luoda konsepti lakipalvelun tuotteistamiseen ja automatisointiin. Konsepti johdetaan asiantuntijapalvelun tuotteistamisen konseptista, mutta siinä huomioidaan myös lakipalvelun erityispiirteet. Tämän mallin pääasialliset vaiheet ovat arvonluonnin tunnistaminen, palvelun rakenteen ymmärtäminen, ansaintamallin pohtiminen, skaalattavuuden analysointi, palvelun uudelleenjärjestely modulaarisuuden ja skaalattavuuden lisäämiseksi, sääntelyn analysointi ja lopulta automatisaatio. Malli huomioi automatisointikohteita valittaessa sekä sääntelyn että arvonluonnin näkökulmat.
Tutkimuksen tärkein tulos on lakipalveluiden tuotteistamiseen liittyvät merkittävimmät rajoitukset ja esteet. Tämä löydös on merkittävä, koska lakipalvelun tuotteistaminen eroaa asiantuntijapalvelun tuotteistamisesta. Toinen merkittävä tulos on konsepti lakipalvelun tuotteistamiseen. Mallia voidaan käyttää useimmissa lakitoimistoissa liiketoiminnan uudelleenjärjestelyyn ja uusien tuotteistettujen lakipalveluiden ja niihin liittyvien ansaintamallien kehittämiseen. Mallia voidaan käyttää laki- ja asianajotoimistojen lisäksi myös muissa lakipalveluita tarjoavissa yrityksissä. Tutkimus tuotti uutta tietoa aiempaan tuotteistamista koskevaan tutkimukseen laajentamalla sitä lakialalle sekä kohdentamalla sitä tietylle maantieteelliselle alueelle. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan käyttää tulevissa lakialaa koskevissa liiketoimintaa ja tuotteistamiseen käsittelevissä tutkimuksissa. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voidaan käyttää myös tutkittaessa asiantuntijapalveluiden tuotteistamista pidemmälle. Osa tuloksista koskee vain Suomea johtuen sääntelyjen eroista eri valtioissa, mutta konsepti lakipalvelun tuotteistamiseen on yleismaailmallinen.
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Remmertz, Frank R. "Scope and limits of the German legal services act for legal tech service providers." Universität Leipzig, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21217.
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In contrast to as in other jurisdictions, such as the United States or the UK, out-of-court
legal services in Germany are strictly regulated by a statute, the Legal Services Act, which
came into force nearly a decade ago and superseded the former Legal Counsel Act (Rechtsberatungsgesetz).
According to this act, out-of-court legal services must be expressly permitted
and are, in principle, reserved to lawyers. Consequently, there are certain legal restrictions
for tech providers offering legal services in Germany that must be observed. The
following article deals with the scope and limits for offering legal services by legal tech providers
in Germany according to the German Legal Services Act. The author explains why
some legal tech business solutions offering legal services may be in conflict with this act,
which is a significant issue of compliance for both legal tech start-ups and their investors.
Entrepreneurs, stakeholders of legal tech start-ups and capital investors should weigh the
economic opportunities and legal risks carefully before placing a legal tech start-up on the
German market.
3
Richards, Tanya Krystine. "Legal regulations of internet services providers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36871/1/36871_Richards_2001.pdf.
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The objective of this thesis work is to establish the legal regulations of Internet service providers and establish that there is in fact a body of regulations in existence now for their regulation. While at this time there is feeling in the marketplace that there is insufficient legal regulation of Internet service providers, this thesis has uncovered an existing statutory regime of regulations and obligations. In addition to this existing statutory regime there is further emerging regulations and obligations currently in progress and it can be expected that it will continue to emerge with the industry emergency.
Form a commercial perspective it has been shown that the telecommunications, information technology, communications and entertainment industries are converging with the Internet as a mutual channel for delivery of their existing services. This emergence of a merged industry places the Internet service provider in an interesting position from a regulatory perspective. The Internet service provider is in fact regulated not only by a number of legislative pieces, but also by a number oflegislative bodies.
The term Internet service provider is not an easily defined term. The legal definition is found in the legislation based upon the commercial decisions that the Internet service provider makes, and the term itself is only used in the Broadcasting Services Act. The definition from a layperson point of view is less defined and in many instances does not contain significant correlation with the laypersons expectation of the definition of the term. The life span of the term Internet service provider is questionable. It is difficult to ascertain how long the term will be in common use with the rapid emergence of technology, and if it is still in common usage, if it will have the same meaning as it does at the time of this thesis.
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Romo, Labisch Rodrigo. "Liberalization of trade on legal services." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111183.
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Memoria (magister en derecho internacional)The work will analyze the provisions relating to legal and professional services contained in each of them, as well as their approach to liberalization. After that, it will point out the implications of each of these approaches, adopted by the two types of agreements: positive list approach, adopted by the GATS-like agreements, and the negative list approach, adopted by NAFTA-like agreements. Chapter II will use an example of each of these agreements that Chile has signed: the Free Trade Agreement between Chile and the United States, and the Protocol on Trade in Services between Chile and Mercosur. The first one adopts the NAFTA model and the second one the GATS model. In both cases the Chapter will analyze the specific provisions related to legal services contained in them, and afterwards it will review the commitments that in the case of the Protocol signed with Mercosur each if its countries have made towards Chile, and in the case of the Free Trade Agreement with the United States, will analyze the Annexes I and II, containing reservations on the obligations. Both agreements are just examples of agreements that adopt one model or the other. The Free Trade Agreement with the United States is a landmark in the international commercial relations of Chile, and a good example of the policies adopted by Chile in the context of its international insertion. In the case of Mercosur, it is an agreement Chile has recently negotiated for trade in services. It has not been approved yet by the Congresses of the countries involved. The first section of Chapter III will review the main obstacles to trade on legal services. These obstacles are related with national treatment, market access and domestic regulation. The next section will show the results of a series of interviews made to lawyers who form part of different Chilean well known legal firms. Guided by certain questions, the interviews look to build a point of view on how the international Chilean legal services market works: what are the types of services traded, to which countries these services are being provided, in which modes are they being supplied, etc. Finally, the work will assess if the agreements signed by Chile to liberalize services, are useful for the Chilean legal services providers, namely big national law firms. Knowing the characteristics of the Chilean legal services market, and the obstacles that usually trade in legal services faces, it will intend to assess if the agreements are useful, and eventually what provision should be revised to get the most out of them.
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Miller, Benjamin. "Theorizing Legal Needs: Towards a Caring Legal System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35204.
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Care ethics is primarily about responding to needs. Yet, surprisingly, attempts to apply the ethics of care in the domain of law have paid almost no attention to the concept of legal needs. This study fills that gap by systematically defining legal needs. It does this by revising current understandings of legal need through a unified conceptual framework for the philosophy of needs and a comparative analysis of legal action, and its major alternatives in dispute resolution and prevention. The conception of legal need that results is both more sensitive to preventative functions of the law and opens the door to a much wider range of policy options beyond legal aid. Legal needs are found to be a special case of institutional needs, i.e. needs that cannot be satisfied without an institution. I argue that the existence of institutional needs means institutions, rather than any particular actor within them, can be caregivers, but not all conceptions of the ethics of care are compatible with this kind of need. Joan Tronto’s conception of care is found to be the most accommodating and is used as a framework for a series of policy recommendations to move us towards a caring legal system.
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Burns, Christine Vanda Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Online legal services - a revolution that failed?" Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Law, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32468.
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In the late 1990s a number of law firms and other organisations began to market online products which "package" legal knowledge. Unlike spreadsheets, word processing software and email, these products are not designed to provide efficiency improvements. Rather, online legal knowledge products, which package and apply the law, were and are viewed by many as having the potential to make major changes to legal practice. Many used the term &quitrevolution" to describe the anticipated impact. Like any new technology development, many intersecting factors contributed to their development. In many ways they built on existing uses of technology in legal practice. The various information technology paradigms which underpin them - text retrieval, expert systems/artificial intelligence, document automation, computer aided instruction (CAI) and hypertext - were already a part of the "computerisation of law". What is new about online legal knowledge products is that as well as using technology paradigms such as expert systems or document automation to package and apply the law, they are developed using browser-based technologies. In this way they leverage the comparative ease of development and distribution capabilities of the Internet (and/or intranets). There has been particular interest in the impact of online legal knowledge products on the legal services provided to large commercial organisations. With the increasing burden of corporate compliance, expanding role of the in-house lawyer and pressure to curb costs, online legal knowledge products should flourish in commercial organisations and many have been adamant that they will. However, there is no convincing evidence that anything like a "revolution" has taken place. Success stories are few and far between. Surprisingly few have asked whether this "revolution" has failed, or seriously analysed whether it lies ahead. If it does lie ahead, what factors, if any, need to taken into account in order for it to take place? If there is to be no revolution, what value should be placed on online legal knowledge products? In this dissertation I use the findings of my own empirical work, supported by a literature survey, to demonstrate that the impact of online legal knowledge products has been modest. I argue that in order to build successful online legal knowledge products it is necessary to appreciate that a complex system of interacting factors underpins their development and use,and address those factors. I propose a schematic representation of the relationships involved in producing an online legal knowledge product and use the findings of some empirical work, together with a review the literature in related fields, to identify the factors relevant to the various components of this framework. While there are many interacting factors at play, four sets of considerations emerge from my research as particularly important: integrating different technology paradigms, knowledge acquisition, usability, and implementation. As a practical matter, the implication of these findings is that some online legal knowledge products are more likely to be successful than others, and that there are other technology applications that may represent a better investment of the limited in-house technology budget than many online legal knowledge products. I also argue that while most of the challenges involved in integrating different technology paradigms, improving usability, and effective implementation can be addressed with varying levels of effort, the problem of the knowledge acquisition bottleneck is intractable. New approaches to knowledge acquisition are required to overcome the knowledge acquisition bottleneck. I identify some potential approaches that emerge from my research: automation, collaboration and coalition, phasing and simple solutions.
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Stoffel, Wilhelm. "Legal aspects of aeronautical mobile satellite services." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56634.
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This thesis deals with the technical and legal aspects arising out of the envisaged implementation of Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Services (AMSS) for civil aviation purposes, such as communication, navigation and surveillance.After a short introduction to the subject, Part A of this thesis will deal with the technical side of the subject and will introduce the reader to the current CNS/ATM-concept and its deficiencies (Chapter 1), and to the future CNS/ATM-concept and its benefits (Chapter 2).
Part B will discuss the legal aspects of the implementation of AMSS for civil aviation purposes. Starting from the legal aspects of AMSS with respect ot the law of outer space (Chapter 3), it will explain the current regime of telecommunications developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and its impact on AMSS (Chapter 4). Then, the legal aspects of AMSS with respect to international public air law (Chapter 5) will be examined and some predominant issues with respect to the appropriate institutional framework to implement AMSS will be discussed (Chapter 6). Finally, the findings will be summarized in a conclusion.
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Hodges, Silvia. "Marketing legal services to medium-sized companies." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2009. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/237/.
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This thesis examines marketing and buying of legal services in the context of medium-sized companies from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The theoretical foundations for the market of legal services are laid by studying the particularities of services and their intrinsic challenges for marketing. Different ways to segment the legal market are examined, including client-led segmentation, which includes segmentation by client size, such as medium-sized companies. After studying the theoretical foundations of legal marketing, this thesis examines forces in the macro- and micro-environment responsible for driving or hindering the development of strategic marketing initiatives in law firms. Taking the standpoint of medium-sized companies as corporate buyers of legal services, the thesis also examines purchasing behaviour in the different stages of the organisational buying process. The empirical research considers both marketing and buying perspectives. Managing partners and marketing directors were interviewed regarding marketing in their organisations. The interviews covered such matters as marketing organisation, marketing information, policies, as well as strategies and tactics. Mirroring the literature review, the purchasing behaviour of decision-makers in medium-sized companies was also studied empirically.
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Billings, Dr Donald G. "Disruptive Innovation Within the Legal Services Ecosystem." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7119.
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Most law firms have done little to address the opportunities and threats related to potentially disruptive technology (DT), such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that law firm leaders in the United States used to address the potentially detrimental influences of DT, such as AI and ML, on their organizations. The systems approach to management was employed as the conceptual framework. Data were collected from 6 participants at 2 international law firms with offices in California using semistructured interviews and organizational artifacts. Data were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana's data analysis method, resulting in 4 themes: recognizing the legal ecosystem and legal firms are open systems, but organizational subsystems often function as semiclosed systems; acknowledging that while DT represents the most significant potential challenge in the near future, the immediate challenge is improving technology, which requires organizational adjustments; recognizing the need for firms to invest more heavily in innovation generation activities; and realizing the need for increased utilization of augmenting technologies, such as AI or ML, to streamline nonadvisory outputs. The findings of this study might support best practices for addressing DT and contribute to social change by outlining ways in which firms can lower costs to clients while increasing access to legal services for those in underserved communities.
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Norrgård, I. (Isadora). "Consumer buying behaviour in online legal services." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201911223154.
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Abstract. Online legal services refer to electronic or digital legal services (in the form of software, apps, web pages, etc.) that can increase common people understanding of legal issues, access to legal information and social participation in legal related matters. By automating tasks traditionally performed only by lawyers and by making legal services available on the Internet, online legal services make the access to justice more affordable and accessible to all. In this modern context, where common consumers have the opportunity buy and use legal services completely on the internet and without the help of a traditional lawyer, it is necessary to investigate how consumers behave when they shop for legal services online.
In accordance, the purpose of the research is to understand the consumer buying behaviour in online legal services, based on empirical research, contributing to the literature about online legal services; and to provide managerial implications for legal services companies about how to improve their marketing strategies and build their consumer relationships, based on the empirical findings. Therefore, the study delves into the minds of consumers to uncover their needs, motivations and intentions about online legal services, and it is the first study to investigate the consumer buying behaviour in online legal services.
The research is planned focusing on the theories of consumer buying behaviour, technology acceptance and on prior research of online legal services. The empirical research is conducted using a survey questionnaire, employing a mixed-method approach. Brazil was chosen as the field for the research, because it is the world’s fifth-largest country by area and the fifth most populous, where legal services are highly demanded and where online legal services have potential to be widely utilized, although not much is known about the consumer behaviour towards them. The sample studied is 419 potential consumers of online legal services. To process the data, the author makes statistical analysis of each quantitative reply, qualitative thematic content analysis for each qualitative answer, and deeply analyse the final results of the research, developing a framework for the consumer buying behaviour in online legal services.
The empirical findings show that the consumers of online legal services behave motivated by Price, Legal problem-solving capability, Convenience (Perceived ease of use), Speed, Safety, Quality and Trustability and that consumers have an overall positive attitude about online legal services, even though negative attitudes were also identified. Utilitarian needs and motivations, behavioural intention, attitude, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, information search, evaluation of alternatives, social influence, facilitating conditions, trust, perceived risk, and price value; influence and characterize the buying behaviour in online legal services and lead to the consequent consumer purchase decision. Furthermore, the buying process in online legal services follows the Five-stage buying process, but the consumer might deviate during it, because of, among other reasons, social influence and the lack of trust.
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Sarrocco, Claudia. "Legal aspects of the mobile satellite telecommunications services." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31173.
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Thanks to the use of satellite technology, mobile personal telecommunications systems are able to provide communications simultaneously anywhere on the Earth's surface. The implementation of such systems raises several regulatory issues: after a brief explanation of the technical characteristics of different satellite systems in the first chapter, the second chapter will introduce the principles of space law relevant to satellite communications, with particular attention to the provisions which the development of global satellite telecommunication system could infringe. In the third chapter, there will be place for further analysis of international regulations established in the framework of the International Telecommunication Union and the World Trade Organisation, dealing more specifically with satellite telecommunications. The discipline established by the former organisation aims to the optimal management of the orbit and spectrum resources, particularly controversial because of the divergence of interests and exigencies of the member countries, whereas the latter intervened in the liberalisation of the telecommunication services, with the purpose to create an open environment for their diffusion. Furthermore, telecommunication activities are subjected to national regulation. The domestic discipline pertaining to global mobile satellite telecommunication services will be analysed in the fourth chapter, with particular attention to the U.S. Federal Communication Commission regulations and to the developments of Italian legislation in the light of the recent European initiatives in the field. National authorisation requirement conditions, in spite of the international effort toward regulatory harmonisation and liberalisation, are the key elements in the deployment of global mobile telecommunications services. National authorities should not continue to function solely on the basis of their national considerations, but be more flexible and open to cooperation, a
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Jackson, Sarah. "Comparative legal frameworks for payments for ecosystem services." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2018. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/97061758-c1d2-4101-97b1-3f90b0ed55c4.
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In recent decades, the concept of ecosystem services has deepened our appreciation of the myriad benefits provided by ecosystems, and the risks to human societies posed by ecosystem degradation. There is a growing realisation that problems traditionally considered to be outside the environmental policy arena are in truth strongly connected to the environment: ecosystems underlie issues spanning climate, energy, food, water, urban planning, human health, economic development, social justice, and national security. Payments for ecosystem services (PES) create positive financial incentives for the protection and restoration of ecosystems, and represent one way to better represent the value of ecosystem services across a range of sectors. PES schemes are gaining traction in climate mitigation and biodiversity protection strategies, and most of all in the water sector. PES is complementing traditional approaches to water management and helping to address deteriorating water quality, declining water flows, and flooding. This thesis takes a legal perspective, examining the role of legal frameworks in the design and administration of PES. It focuses on PES aimed at protecting freshwater ecosystem services, and considers how legal frameworks can incorporate PES into strategies for drinking water provision. It examines an emerging body of law relating directly to PES, and provides an opportunity to consider some of the leading examples of the ES concept being reflected in law. It distinguishes three broad categories of legal frameworks that establish, regulate or enable PES. A comparative methodology is applied to an analysis of case studies of legal frameworks for PES from: Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, New York, England and Ontario. This analysis draws out conclusions about how the law relates to key policy issues around ES and PES, and different approaches to developing legal frameworks to guide PES, depending on different contexts and policy objectives.
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Stokeld, Susan. "The role of legal and managerial competences in the delivery of professional legal services." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16847.
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This thesis addresses the performance and delivery of professional legal services. Previous research has focused on the shape of professional services and the organisation of professional service firms. This study extends the scope of research into professional services and provides understanding on how opportunities to shape and deliver professional services in new, creative and innovative ways are identified. The empirical research examined the management and delivery of professional legal services across private law firms and in-house legal groups in the UK. Across the UK radical measures proposed for the provision of legal services under new business models suggest a transition towards dual activity and services across the professional institutions and organisational settings providing legal services. As lawyers face demands to deliver services that are increasingly driven by commercially focused strategic aims the professional dimension to their services is being subjected to increased scrutiny. Lawyers are facing demands to strategise and introduce innovation across their services that are diminishing the professionalism of their role and services but not significantly so. Increasing heterogeneity across the legal profession and the consequences for the professionalism of lawyers has seen lawyers diversifying their services and introducing innovation to their role both by adapting their existing skills and acquiring new skills A theoretical framework draws on three theoretical approaches to inform this research. The co-existence of firms and professions and the interdependencies between and interconnections across these two structures are examined. Resource theory (in the tradition of Penrose 1959) is used to understand not only the relationship between resources and services but also the level of strategic interaction across the processes combining resources. A resource approach to the strategic management of firms (Foss and Ishikawa 2007) is developed by explaining the management of the complex interconnections between firms and professions in the delivery of professional legal services. This research examines the influence of processes across these two social structures in driving innovation across the delivery of professional legal services. Specifically, process theory (Langley 1999, Van de Ven and Poole 2005) is used to develop ideas about the relationship between resources and services and to explain the relationship between the dual contexts of professions and organisations in order to understand how the processes of combining resources are influential in driving innovation in the delivery of a service. This exploratory research study was inductive in its approach and used a grounded theory methodology to address the research aims. The ontological, interpretivist view of grounded theory is appropriate to understand the complex social phenomena of this research.
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Hrivnak, Megan, Don Coble, and Rebekah Byrd. "Cybercounseling: Legal and Ethical Considerations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/890.
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With the advent of computer systems, our lives have become increasingly digitized. Once it took months for a letter to travel overseas, now a few clicks can pull up a videoconference from one’s home. Many face-to-face interactions are being supplemented with their digital counterparts. Counseling is no exception. This paper will define cybercounseling, review new ethical guidelines and concerns, contrast benefits and challenges, and provide some recommendations for those interested in exploring counseling’s online counterpart.
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Francis, Andrew Milne. "Lawyers, legal executives and competing claims for professional jurisdiction : a study of professional organisations and occupational roles within a legal marketplace in transition." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2000. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/lawyers-legal-executives-and-competing-claims-for-professional-jurisdiction-a-study-of-professional-organisations-and-occupational-roles-within-a-legal-marketplace-in-transition(4d7b44ad-3f7d-47f5-8ab4-6574b2cc5d0e).html.
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This thesis considers the relationship that solicitors maintain with their auxiliary profession - legal executives, and the strategies the professional associations seek to invoke to enable them to keep abreast of a changing legal marketplace. Recent years have seen considerable changes in the way that legal services are delivered and who delivers them. These shifts have taken place because of pressure from two powerful forces; the state and the market. Socio-legal research in the past has tended to focus on the traditional legal profession (and in particular solicitors), however external changes within any professional jurisdiction (such as legal service delivery) can prompt shifts in that system of professions. This changed situation within contemporary legal practice has presented legal executives with significant opportunities to further their, freshly energised, professional project. This thesis will examine how far ILEX has been able to take advantage of these opportunities and exploit them. The changes in legal services that have occurred, represent considerable challenges to the vision of a lead profession with strong homogeneity, powerful autonomy over its jurisdiction, a settled and independent relationship with the state and exclusive rights to use its knowledge base. The way in which the Law Society and ILEX respond to these challenges will be important in helping us understand the role of a professional association within an increasingly fluid legal marketplace. Furthermore, the thesis is seeking to address the relevance of the 'power theories' to explain the position of a legal profession stripped of many of the traditional strategies available to classic professions.
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Sinnamon, Timothy E. "The public interest and the Legal Services Act 2007." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606809.
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The Legal Services Act 2007 brings about radical changes to both the regulatory structure of the legal profession in England and Wales and the way in which legal services can be provided to clients. For nearly 40 years successive Governments sought to bring about changes to the regulation of the legal profession. Changes were achieved with only limited success. Following an Office of Fair Trading report in 2001 and a Government consultation titled 'In the Public Interest?' in 2002, the legal profession was given the time and opportunity to bring about changes themselves. With the advent of Lord Falconer as Lord Chancellor, a major review of legal services was announced in 2003. The report on the review produced by Sir David Clementi was used as the basis for a Government White Paper which, contrary to the 2002 ‘In the Public Interest?' consultation, made no reference to the public interest. Following this White Paper a Draft Legal Services Bill was presented to Parliament in 2006. It made no reference to the public interest. The absence of any reference to the 'public interest' was identified when the Draft Bill received pre- legislative scrutiny by a Joint Select Committee. Reacting to the Committee's report, the Government included three references to the public interest in the Bill presented to Parliament for debate. These limited and discrete references to the public interest were not accepted as satisfactory by the House of Lords and the marginalisation of the public interest fuelled a prolonged debate. Calls were made for the public interest to be included as a regulatory objective of the legislation. These calls were sustained by the Government's very public commitment to the consumer interest. The Government eventually conceded and a regulatory objective of 'protecting and promoting the public interest' was inserted into the legislation. This thesis examines the inclusion of the regulatory objective of 'protecting and promoting the public interest' in an attempt to discover whether, in the hands of regulators, it is capable of realising the legislative intention which underpinned its inclusion in the Legal Services Act 2007. It examines the term 'public interest' and how it is difficult both to define and to integrate it into decision making processes. Difficulties experienced by regulators are considered. A range of public interest theories are examined. It is argued that one public interest theory presents an opportunity to overcome some of the difficulties associated with understanding the public interest. It is suggested that this particular theory, coupled with a proposed methodology for its integration into policy and regulatory decision making processes, enables the regulatory objective of ‘protecting and promoting the public interest' to more systematically and realistically achieve the legislative intention which underpinned its insertion in the Legal Services Act 2007.
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Qiao, Yue. "Funding arrangements in the modern market for legal services." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843758/.
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This thesis uses theoretical models to study the effects of recent developments in the funding of civil litigation in England and Wales. This involves a form of contingency payment (conditional fees), a legal expenses insurance that can be purchased either before or after an accident has taken place and the combination of them. The issue revolves around the implications of litigants' choices and lawyers' effort decision. More recently, policy discussion has raised the possibility of legal service being delivered in new organisational structures. We first use a model to analyse the combined effects of the insurance and the fee arrangements on settlement probabilities, settlement amount, care levels and litigants' welfare. After that, we extend our model to consider the role of risk aversion in litigation and the timing of settlement. Then, we examine the effects of law firm's organisational structure and ownership changes on its legal effort provision in a property rights framework. Our results show that plaintiffs generally benefit from an organisational structure which allows law firms to provide legal insurance services. Efficiencies and welfare effects of other potential business structures are also examined. Other issues such as the three-way relationship between a client, his lawyer and an insurer and comparisons between health care insurance and legal expenses insurance are also discussed in this thesis. This thesis differs from other contributions in this area for two reasons. First, it recognises the complementarity between fee reform and structural developments. Second, it considers the effects of these arrangements on lawyer effort.
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Byrd, Rebekah J. "Legal and Ethical Issues in School Counseling." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/894.
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Yuta, González Maria del Carmen. "The Electronic Contracting of Financial Services: Characteristics and Main Legal Implications." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117728.
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The first part of the article seeks to highlight the importance that increasingly electronic trading experience in the field of financial services, and as a result of that the new expressions that arise in providing financial transactions through a conceptual distinction of services and financial channels. In this context, new challenges for the industry players requiring them continuing specialization and innovation in product design, in order to satisfy the current demands ofconsumers who have configured one profile increasingly informed, sophisticated technology in making their consumption decisions.In the second part of the article, I will describe the local regulation which applies to electronic contracting in comparison with the regulation that applies to the traditional contracting which use printed information and oral presentations. This section identifies also the main regulatory implications for the consumer and the industry, with reference of compared experiences that may be interesting to comment on the formulation of considerations if applicable.En la primera parte del artículo se propone destacar la importancia que crecientemente experimenta la contratación electrónica en el ámbito de los servicios financieros, y como consecuencia de ello, las nuevas expresiones que surgen en la prestación de operaciones financieras pasando por una distinciónconceptual de servicios y canales financieros. En este contexto, se configuran nuevos retos para los actores de la industria de este tipo de servicios que les exige continua especialización e innovación en el diseño de productos, de modo que éstos estén en grado de satisfacer las exigencias actuales de consumidores que cuentan con un perfil cada vez más informado, sofisticado y tecnológico en la adopción de sus decisiones de consumo.En la segunda parte del artículo se describirá el tratamiento regulatorio local aplicable a la contratación electrónica de servicios financieros, destacando aquellos aspectos regulatorios que la distinguen respecto de la contratación tradicional, esto es, la contratación presencial por medios escritos. En esta sección se identificará a su vez las principales implicancias regulatoriasde cara al consumidor y a la industria, tomando como referencia experiencias regulatorias a nivel comparado que puedan resultar interesantes de comentar en la formulación de consideraciones a que hubiera lugar.
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Álvarez, Carranza Ricardo. "Digging into Dirty Laundry: e-Standardization of Legal Services Procurement." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38925.
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The purpose of this thesis is to propose a standardization model for the purchase process of legal professional services leveraging e-Procurement and to validate the benefits brought by the implementation of both, an e-Procurement tool and a new procurement process. The hypotheses of this thesis are applicable to the procurement of legal professional services of large companies with a central legal department in charge of managing the relations with different legal firms (legal services suppliers). The information presented was gathered in a large global manufacturing company with strong presence in Europe. The procurement of legal professional services throughout the entire organization was analyzed and validated by central legal department based in the headquarters. An innovative model for the procurement of the legal services has been proposed based on different findings in the current literature. Also, a model developed by Ronchi et al. was leveraged to quantitatively measure the benefits brought by the implementation of e-Procurement. The model was implemented in the organization with the help of central purchasing and legal departments. The results showed it is possible to standardize the operative procurement of legal professional services for end-users to perceive the same process as the one used for direct purchases of office supplies. In order to accomplish this, some roles and an important transformation within the organization must be carried out. A general model to implement a comprehensive procurement process leveraging e-Procurement is presented in this study. The conclusions are that the specialized procurement literature focuses very little on service procurement standardization and even less in legal professional services or process standardization through e-Procurement, and thus this study and the model introduced might work as a starting point for professional practitioners or academic researchers alike. Further research topics are suggested at the end of this study to continue research on this topic.
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Kayser, Valérie. "Legal aspects of private launch services in the United States." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60462.
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The last decade has witnessed the development of a private launch industry. Under international space law, in particular the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, States shall supervise and authorize the activities of their nationals, including private launch companies, in Outer Space. In the United States, a substantial set of regulations has been elaborated to exercise this control over the activities of the private launch industry. This thesis analyzes, in a first chapter, the evolution which led to these regulations. The Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984 and the subsequent regulations issued by the Office of Commercial Space Transportation, regarding the licensing process are dealt with in the second chapter. The third chapter examines the most important practical legal issue relating to private launch services, namely liability and insurance.
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Ortega, Manuel, and Paulina López. "Unidad de negocio -cobranza judicial e incautaciones legal shared services." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168234.
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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓNOrtega, Manuel, [Parte I], López, Paulina, [Parte II]
Scania, una empresa líder en la industria del transporte, ofrece camiones y buses con sus respectivos servicios. Dentro de los resultados de la financiera en Chile se evidencian altos niveles de incobrabilidad y provisiones de malas deudas en los últimos 2 años; que no está en línea con los buenos resultados del grupo en el extranjero, debiendo entonces crear una estrategia para atacar esta situación, utilizando de la mejor forma posible los recursos con los que cuenta el grupo. Se observó que la estrategia de cobranza está siendo modificada para estar más alineada con la estrategia de Scania Finance Chile, sin embargo, las actividades asociadas como cobranza judicial e incautaciones, que hoy se encuentran externalizadas, no logran abarcar el volumen que requiere incautar la financiera, teniendo casi 100 vehículos en proceso todavía sin resultados. Los honorarios por incautación podrían reducirse si el propósito de la cobranza judicial fuese llegar a un acuerdo, en vez de una incautación del vehículo. Se propone como objetivo del proyecto mejorar, transparentar e internalizar los procesos de Cobranza judicial e incautación, mediante la creación de una unidad de negocios que permita poseer mayor control sobre estos procesos y dar más valor a la financiera utilizando los recursos con los que ya cuenta el grupo para reducir tiempos y aumentar la probabilidad de recuperación voluntaria. Para lograr estos objetivos se utilizará como fianza la propiedad de la casa central Scania para facilitar los procesos legales. Por su monto, permitirá conducir un mayor número de juicios dado su alto valor. También se utilizará la tecnología con la que cuenta Scania para ubicar los vehículos (FMS) y la información de su red de sucursales para identificar los movimientos del vehículo, apoyando a los incautadores construyendo así la ventaja competitiva de la empresa. La compañía espera resultados positivos a partir del segundo año, alcanzando al año 6 su estabilidad con resultados operativos sobre el 23% de sus ingresos. El proyecto entonces se predice rentable con una tasa de un 16.8% que genera un VAN de $117.895.247 a 10 años y una TIR de 29%. El payback estimado se recupera en 4.5 años y su valor terminal resulta en $842.575.464.
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Allen, Pauline Wanda Louise. "Legal and economic aspects of contracts in the National Health Service internal market." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312841.
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Stewart, Heather Margaret. "The evaluation of legal services by commercial and corporate clients : implications for service design and delivery." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521595.
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Vanson, Sally Anne. "Aligning identity in legal services firms : do senior partners in legal services firms possess the core characteristics of identity to work in alignment within the firm?" Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2011. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/aligning-identity-in-legal-services-firms(6a8dc41a-2dc3-4a5d-904c-de63a8f0e13a).html.
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This exploratory study used grounded theory to discover whether senior partners in legal services firms in the UK held the core characteristics of identity to work in alignment in the changing context. Using a combination of participant interviews and secondary analysis of published material, knowledge was generated to review some changes resulting from the Legal Services Act, the components of identity, and individual and peer alignment in these senior partners. The term ‘alignment’ is used in this study to describe both a state and a process. The study suggests that senior partners do not currently display many of the attributes to take their firms into a successful future. Senior partners reported living a facade, having difficulties with boundaries and the complex role of partner. They seem to focus on eliminating problems rather than striving to achieve goals, and are more interested in ‘I’ than ‘we’. All of this presents huge challenges for a successful response by the firms to deregulation. There was little evidence of simultaneous identification with the firm and the profession, and this with other findings left a gap between the individual and the collective as well as a gap between the role and core identities of the individual. More positively, there is some evidence of identity negotiation and where participants were doing some personal change work, this was driven by the hindrances to, and supporting beliefs about, the required behaviour at work, and possibly informed by an imagined image of best ‘self’ or ‘group member’. The findings support a practitioner model; ‘CONTRIBUTIONS’ which is useful for coaching and facilitation of individuals and teams. The study offers original contributions to academic knowledge including; building on the ‘identification’ literature, linking in the concept of ‘secondary gain’, specific evidence from the legal partner group against generic concepts of identity literature.
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Silver, Richard. "The Right to English health and social services in Quebec : a legal and political analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/MQ46796.pdf.
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Bernauw, Kristiaan C. A. "The legal aspects of international air courier and air express services /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66039.
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Knippel, Asher. "Legal aspects of the provision of financial services through the internet." Thesis, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499100.
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Ogiamien, Tony Bestman Emokpae. "The legal aspects and implications of artificial conception services in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235790.
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Crust, Louis. "Challenging Nonprofit Legal Services: Four Cases from New Orleans, 1970 - 2004." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/583.
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During the past century, lawyers in New Orleans created a number of organizations to provide legal services for the poor, as lawyers did throughout the country. Most of those organizations provided routine service directly to individual clients and received quiet acceptance within the city and the state. However, more aggressive lawyers in other legal services offices engaged in law reform or challenged politically powerful interests. These offices found themselves embroiled in controversy and facing impediments that were placed in the way of their work. This dissertation introduces nonprofit legal services in New Orleans, but focuses on and investigates the experiences of four organizations – the New Orleans Legal Assistance Corporation, the Tulane Environmental Law Clinic, the Louisiana Capital Assistance Center, and the Advocacy Center – that were involved in controversies. This investigation differs from most prior studies of legal assistance in several ways. First, it discusses a variety of local legal service organizations rather than concentrating on the legal aid movement of the first half of the twentieth century, or the later Legal Services Program and its successor Legal Services Corporation. Secondly, it provides detailed discussion of several New Orleans legal services, which had previously been limited to scrutiny of the Tulane Environmental Law Clinic. Most importantly, it goes beyond description to provide causal explanation for the controversies by reference to social structure, and the social mechanisms and social processes at work. The dissertation presents access to law by the poor as being a form of "largesse" or charity or gift, which is granted when it is convenient for the powerful, but withheld when it is inconvenient for the powerful. From this perspective, the controversies resulted from the opposing interests of the two major social classes in modern capitalist society, with the politically powerful objecting to certain legal victories or gains achieved by the poor. In addition to the New Orleans cases, the dissertation refers to other legal services offices throughout the country that experienced similar problems. This demonstrates that the underlying issues are not limited to the city of New Orleans or the state of Louisiana, but are national in scope.
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Naicker, Prian. "Adoption of online legal services by law firms in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64893.
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The legal profession is in the midst of a disruption that has been ignited by technology
and fanned by legal entrepreneurs. The fate of todays law firms, lie in their ability to
escape from the confines of the Òpractical artÓ that has existed for centuries. Conflicted
by the trade-off between efficiency and revenue generation, the jury is still out on the
adoption of online legal services by law firms.
Academics have not paid much attention into low innovation industries. The legal
industry is one such industry that is relatively understudied from a technology adoption
perspective. This research study used the technology-organisation-environment (TOE)
framework to identify six factors which were posited to influence the adoption of online
legal services within the legal industry in South Africa.
Data collected from an online survey targeted at lawyers currently employed or
associated with law firms operating in South Africa yielded a total of 120 usable
responses. The study found perceived compatibility to be the only adoption factor
which significantly influences the adoption of online legal services in South Africa.
The versatility of the TOE framework was demonstrated by its ability to understand
technology adoption in a new context. The study concluded that the TOE framework
can be improved upon if it took into account the maturity level of the technology being
studied. The findings are positioned to help practitioners gain a better understanding of
the state of online legal services adoption in South Africa and the offers practical
suggestions on how law firms can survive in a virtual world in demand of commoditised
legal services.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
nk2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Van, Huyssteen Nina. "A legal analysis of the emergency medical services in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60108.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in South Africa from a legal point of view. The researcher has practical experience in the EMS and this has given her insight as to how the EMS operates, the grey areas in this unique profession and how the EMS is regulated by the South African law.
A brief background of the EMS is given as well as how the system operates now and what EMS providers deal with on a day-to-day basis. This provides a clear picture of how diverse and unpredictable the EMS profession truly is. How the law regulates the EMS is discussed and all the grey areas from a medico-legal point of view are pointed out and analysed. During this discussion, the researcher makes use of her practical experience to explain why certain situations EMS providers have to deal with on a regular basis are so complex and why the EMS is in need of a better regulatory framework. The grounds of justification in medical law are also discussed and applied to the pre-hospital environment.
The researcher made use of the EMS of the United States of America (USA) and the EMS of Australia in the comparative section, analysed how their respective EMS systems operates and how it is regulated by the law. This is ultimately compared to the EMS of South Africa and recommendations were made as to how the regulation of the EMS system, as a whole, can improve in the future.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Strasser, Sheryl M., Megan Smith, Scott Weaver, Shimin Zheng, and Yan Cao. "Screening for Elder Mistreatment among Older Adults Seeking Legal Assistance Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/60.
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Introduction: The aging population is a rapidly growing demographic in the United States. Isolation, limited autonomy, and declining physical and mental health render many older adults vulnerable to elder mistreatment (EM). The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of EM among a sample of older adults using legal assistance services in Atlanta, Georgia.
Methods: Researchers administered surveys to consenting older adults (aged 60þ) in 5 metro Atlanta community centers that hosted legal assistance information sessions as part of the Elderly Legal Assistance Program. The surveys screened for risk factors and prevalence of EM risk using valid and reliable measures and included additional questions regarding demographics characteristics and healthcare use behaviors.
Results: Surveys were completed by 112 participants. Findings reveal that 32 (28.6%) respondents met the criteria for elder abuse / neglect risk; 17 (15.2%) respondents met criteria for depression; and 105 (93.7%) had visited a healthcare provider during the past 6 months.
Conclusion: The rates of EM risk in this sample were higher than those previously reported in research. Findings support continued examination of unique risks that may be present among older adults who may be possibly facing legal issues. Additionally, the reported frequency of healthcare visits among participants reveals a promising opportunity to examine development of a more widespread EM screening approach to be conducted in non-emergency settings. Interdisciplinary collaboration is required to inform screening approaches that account for complexities that EM cases present. [West J Emerg Med. 2013;14(4):309–315.]
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Griesedieck, Christopher G. "The Right to Counsel in Boston, 1963-1983: The Legal Services Movement from Gideon to the Committee for Public Counsel Services." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1973.
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Thesis advisor: Alan RogersIt was not until relatively recently in United States history that the right to counsel for the accused, embodied in the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, was interpreted as a government responsibility. When the Supreme Court of the United States announced in 1963 that the states had to provide attorneys to indigent defendants in most serious criminal cases, state and local governments struggled to fund and coordinate the effort. Simultaneously, a legal services movement had reemerged for the civil legal needs of poor populations. This thesis provides a history of the progress of legal representation in both the criminal and civil contexts in Boston, Massachusetts from 1963 to 1983. It documents and examines the role of the state legislature, the Supreme Judicial Court, the Boston Bar Association, and gives special emphasis to the indispensable contributions by national entities and federally-funded legal service providers
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History Honors Program
Discipline: History
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Remley, Theodore P., and Cassandra G. Pusateri. "Ethical and Legal Issues for Counselor Educators." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5564.
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Working with students requires you to know laws and ethics related to teaching. The content of this chapter orients students with FERPA, ADA, and IDEA. It includes a review of the ACA ethical guidelines and CACREP standards related to the roles and functions of Counselor Educators and Supervisors. Though the use of case study examples, readers have the opportunity to develop applied understanding of the ethical and legal guidelines related to the role of being an instructor and gatekeeper of the profession.
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Byrd, Rebekah J. "Legal and Ethical Issues in School Counseling: A Review of Important Concepts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/904.
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Korčeková, Andrea. "Product placement and its legal aspects." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17010.
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The thesis deals with analysis of legal aspects of product placement. First, it looks at product placement from a general point of view. The work explains past legal framework where product placement was a part of "unfair competition" both in EU and Czech Republic. Then, it analyzes particular articles of directive 2007/65/EC which regulates the term product placement as the first in the history. The analyses showed that there are a lot of vague and disputable terms, e. g. "significant value", provision "free of charge", or ensuring that viewers are "clearly informed" about existence of product placement. Further, the work analyzes an implementation of the directive to the czech law and its comparison with Slovakia. Product placement was translated into czech law as "umístění produktu". The implementation is reflected in the "on-demand audiovisual media services Act" but also in the amendment of Act Nr. 231/2001 Sb. By contrast, Slovakia did not create a new special Act for non-linear audiovisual media services, just amended Act Nr. 308/2000 Z.z. and some other affecting laws. Finally, the work confronts the legal theory with praxis. This is done by a survey. The most important result of the survey showed that almost a half of the respondents think that product placement is not a commercial practice. This fact highlights the importance of ensuring that viewers are "clearly informed" about the existence of product placement and also the provision of consumer protection.
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Abdalla, Abusif Zarrug. "Electronic banking services in the United Kingdom : legal infrastructures versus technological outgrowth." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU123140.
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This thesis examines the development of banking law against the expeditious development of the technology used in banking systems. Therefore, this study traces and compares the development relating to electronic banking in two different perspectives: first it examines the ongoing development in terms of technology; second it investigates the practical and proposed legal techniques of controlling this rapidly changing field. The thesis traces the development of technical issues that influence banking transactions (including debit and credit cards) and other newly authorised services (like EFTPOS; ATM Home banking; Internet banking and digital cash). The thesis also identifies the existing risks associated with electronic funds transfer (such as fraud; error and system malfunction) and presents the need for security not only at the technological level but also at the organisational and legislative levels as well. In the United Kingdom the law has developed considerably in response to the development of technology in the banking sector and more developments are imminent. For example: - Regulations were introduced in 1996 to allow the extension of cheque truncation; - The Theft (Amendment) Act 1996 was approved as a result of case law development; - The Data Protection Act 1998 was enacted as a result of the EC Data Protection Directive 1995; - The Civil Evidence Act 1995 removes two obstacles to the admissibility of computer records namely, Hearsay Rule and the Best Evidence Rule; - The Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations (1994 & 1999) which will guard against unreasonable and unfair terms. - Banking Code (revised edition was published in 1998) aims to set out the standards for banking practice to be observed by banks and card issuers when dealing with personal customers. These and other developments have had an important impact on the law relating to consumer protection. The thesis gives an up-to-date account of legal measures relevant to electronic banking services.
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Cookro, Nicholas A. "Divorce Mediation in Northeast Ohio: Perceptions of Legal and Social Services Professionals." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1248100212.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Akron, School of Family and Consumer Sciences-Child and Family Development, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 11/11/2009) Advisor, Pamela A. Schulze; Faculty Readers, Gary Rosen, David Witt; School Director, Sue Rasor-Greenhalgh; Dean of the College, James M. Lynn; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Antonuccio, Phillip. "Operatively closed systems theory and the operation of the postmodern legal system in Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1925.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, 2006.Title from title screen (viewed 13th February, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Law, University of Sydney. Degree awarded 2006. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Antonuccio, Phillip. "Operatively closed systems theory and the operation of the postmodern legal system in Australia." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1925.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Faculty of Law, University of Sydney, 2006.Title from title screen (viewed 13th February, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Law, University of Sydney. Degree awarded 2006. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Bernard, Julia M., A. N. Manick, and Maike Klein. "Ethics, Legal and Professional Issues in Mediation and Parent Coordination." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/929.
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Book Summary:Ethics and Professional Issues in Couple and Family Therapy, Second Edition builds upon the strong foundations of the first edition. This new edition addresses the 2015 AAMFT Code of Ethics as well as other professional organizations’ codes of ethics, and includes three new chapters: one on in-home family therapy, a common method of providing therapy to clients, particularly those involved with child protective services; one chapter on HIPAA and HITECH Regulations that practicing therapists need to know; and one chapter on professional issues, in which topics such as advertising, professional identity, supervision, and research ethics are addressed. This book is intended as a training text for students studying to be marriage and family therapists.
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Lancaster, Colin. "Break with tradition : the impact of the legal profession and the dominant paradigms of legal practice, legal needs and legal services on the development of law centres in Strathclyde and the West Midlands." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10537.
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This thesis takes as its starting point the proposition that the restricted development of law centres in the United Kingdom has been a result of the exercise of power by the legal profession. This was based on the evidence of the legal profession's influence on the initial development of public legal services policy and the profession's active opposition to the emergence of the first law centres in the United Kingdom. However, law centres remained on the margins of public legal services policy, despite the retreat of the profession from its original position. Thus, it was suggested that the key issue was not simply the power of the profession, but also the power of the dominant paradigms of legal practice, legal needs and legal services. This is reflected in the private practice and casework orientation of the legal aid system. Law centres challenge the dominant paradigms in many ways. They offer a multi-faceted approach to the resolution of the legal and socio-economic problems of the poor and do so in a not-for-profit, community-controlled and often collectivist context. Through quantitative and qualitative techniques employed in a multiple case study setting, this study sought to test the 'power hypothesis' empirically. Focusing on all of the law centres operating at any time between 1974 and 1997 in Strathclyde and the West Midlands, detailed accounts of significant events and periods in each centre's birth, life and, where appropriate, death were constructed. The thesis provides for the first time a social historical narrative of the development of law centres in these two locations. These accounts reveal that the profession and the dominant paradigms have had an impact on law centres in many significant ways. However, several of the greatest difficulties faced by law centres cannot be explained by reference to this conceptual framework. Accordingly, the thesis concludes that a wider theoretical framework is required to explain the development of law centres. This wider framework must draw on several existing traditions. It should recognise the importance of community, local and ethnic politics; social exclusion and ethnicity; and organisational and change management. However, it must also recognise the power of the legal profession and the dominant paradigms, as the additional challenges this brings distinguish the experience of law centres from that of other radical, community organisations.
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Clark, Andrew Gerald. "Advances in information technology and the growth of para-legal services in Britain." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387424.
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Mezmur, Benyam Dawit. "Intercountry adoption in an African context: A legal perspective." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6934_1378888793.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this research is the experiences of patients with regard to social and health services factors that contribute to delays in seeking treatment for tuberculosis. The goal of this
research study was to do an explorative study in order to establish the experiences of patients with regard to social and health services factors that contribute to delays in seeking treatment for Tuberculosis. The objectives to meet the goal were an exploration and description of patients&rsquo
experiences with regards to social and health service factors contributing to delays in seeking
treatment for Tuberculosis. Another goal was to make recommendations on social and health service factors that contribute to patients&rsquo
delays in seeking treatment based on the findings. The research study had been of a qualitative nature exploring patients&rsquo
experiences of social and health services factors that contribute to delays in seeking treatment for Tuberculosis. Qualitative
research was used in this study using semi-structured interviews with an interview guide. Data analysis was done according to the eight steps as recorded in Tesch in Creswell (1994: 155). The
findings of this research were or include social factors contributing to patients&rsquo
delays in seeking treatment for TB. There were four categories related to social factors namely socio-economic,
substance abuse, psycho-social and interpersonal relations factors. The findings also indicated that there were health service factors contributing to patients&rsquo
delay in seeking treatment for TB.
These include quality of health care services, attitudes of medical staff and other medical conditions treatment. It was concluded that social and health services, as mentioned indeed contribute to patients&rsquo
delays in seeking treatment for Tuberculosis. Recommendations for practice included better case detection, treatment and health education. In order to address the various social
factors as described above it is necessary to treat TB holistically and include a social worker as part of the multidisciplinary team.
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Lee, Danielle. "Enhancing national security by strengthening the legal immigration system." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FLee_Danielle.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Bach, Robert; Joyce, Nola. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), immigration, benefit, fraud, terrorism, border security, watch list, immigration reform. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-91). Also available in print.
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Byrd, Rebekah J., and Emily Donald. "Legal and Ethical Imperatives for Supporting Trans and Gender Expansive Youth." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2603.
Full textAbstract:
Counselors are legally and ethically called to provide affirmative services to trans and gender-expansive youth. Counselors, whether working in schools, agencies or private practices, must affirm all clients. This presentation will provide counselors with legal and ethical information and resources for honing skills for supporting gender-expansive youth.
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Sebastian, Lucia Villa. "Principals' knowledge of legal issues related to the delivery of health services in Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618664.
Full textAbstract:
Schools have derived their legal powers to regulate student health services through an evolutionary process. Statutory law generally provides the authority for school boards to hire medical personnel to provide health services. In addition, the legal power to provide health services has evolved from the police powers of the states, through the fourteenth amendment guarantee to property rights, and in response to societal needs and expectations.;The present study was conducted to investigate the current status of health services in public schools in the Commonwealth of Virginia, and to determine the level of knowledge of legal issues related to the delivery of health services in schools by public school principals.;The study involved responses from surveys received from 208 principals (58% of the 360 randomly sampled elementary, middle, and high school principals in small, medium, and large Virginia schools). In response to the research question regarding minimal competency in principals' knowledge of law related to the delivery of health services in Virginia, data revealed that only six out of 208 were minimally competent. No statistical differences were found based on schools with or without licensed health care providers. Recommendations are made for future research.
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Shyian, Yu V. "Theoretical-legal aspects of state’s informational policy." Thesis, Прінт-копі-центр "Вектор", 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45702.
Full textAbstract:
Today, Ukraine is making the transition from industrial to information society. Unfortunately, at the present stage no law has been adopted that would define the concept of state information policy of Ukraine.
Accordingly, there is no single plan, single state position or strategy for the development of the information industry in the country. At the same time, it belongs to the strategic interests of any country and needs
special attention, so today the study of the information policy of the state is relevant.
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Ding, Xiaoyong. "The impact of the WTO legal instruments for basic telecommunications services on China's telecommunications regulation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490986.
Full textAbstract:
The development of China's telecommunications services sector has been remarkable. For less than thirty years, the country has turned the rudimentary telecommunications infrastructure into the world largest network with state-of-art technology. Yet, there is still room for growth, creating a strong initiative for foreign investors to enter the market.