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Journal articles on the topic 'Legal advocacy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Riyanto, Yayan, Made Warka, and Hufron Hufron. "Malpractice Advocate Profession in Indonesia." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 8 (September 5, 2020): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i8.1949.

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Juridically, there is no clear and firm regulation related to the understanding and qualifications of malpractice advocates in Indonesia (there is a legal vacuum), but theoretically there have been many concepts and doctrines relating to legal malpractice, especially advocacy malpractice. In a sociological perspective, there have been many cases of advocacy malpractice that have emerged in the implementation of advocate practices in Indonesia. Meanwhile, in the perspective of legal philosophy, advocates as a noble legal profession (officium nobile) have no fair and certain formula for handling and settlement, both for clients who receive bad service from advocates and for advocates themselves as law enforcement officers. Based on the juridical, sociological, theoretical and philosophical reasons above, it is considered important to discuss the qualifications of an act including the malpractice of the Advocate profession and the forms of accountability of the advocate profession for advocacy malpractice cases. Therefore, this research uses normative legal research. Based on the results of the discussion, this study has the conclusion that the qualifications or parameters of the malpractice act of an advocate, if it meets the following requirements: (1) The existence of legal services provided by an advocate (rights and obligations); (2) Legal services are provided in: (a) below the applicable professional standards; (b) awarded in violation of the "fiduciary" obligation of the advocate; (c) defaults on contracts for providing legal services, or; (d) provided in a manner contrary to applicable law and code of conduct; (3) The advocate's actions take the form of acts against the law (intentional or negligence); (4) There are losses to the client; and (5) The loss is caused by the act of providing legal services by the advocate. There are three forms of advocacy accountability, namely ethical responsibility, juridical responsibility and disciplinary responsibility.

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2

Audi, Robert. "The Ethics of Advocacy." Legal Theory 1, no. 3 (September 1995): 251–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325200000276.

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Nearly everyone is at times an advocate. By professional role, some people act quite regularly as advocates: lawyers, legislators, executives, merchants, and, in many contexts, educators. Lawyers often consider themselves obligated to maintain a special “zeal” toward their clients' interests, and there are many laws and principles of legal ethics that govern advocacy by attorneys. This article concerns the ethics of advocacy, not its legal aspects. Indeed, I cannot even address the full range of moral issues raised by advocacy; I focus mainly on an area rarely addressed by writers in legal ethics and insufficiently examined in the genral literature of ethics. It is the domain of individual conscience, the arena of internal states and processes, such as desires, beliefs, and thoughts. I am particularly interested in how moral standards apply to the use of reasons in the practice of advocacy. My broadest thesis is that advocacy needs an ethics of reasons, and not just of external behavior.

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3

Volodina, S. I. "Current stage of Russian advocacy development." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 11 (January 14, 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2020.75.11.027-036.

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The paper considers the present time status of the Russian advocacy, the progress in digitalization of the legal profession and plans for the future development, as well as advocacy’s challenging issues and solu- tions. The article reviews criteria for division of advocacy’s challenging issues. The paper refers to the creation of a commemorative medal in honor of the 30th anniversary of the FSAR (Russian Federal Lawyers Union).The role in the integration of the legal profession of the famous attorney and the former head of the department of advocacy of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University (MSAL) A. V. Kligman, in whose honor the medal was created, is described. Also, the article highlights the “Pashayev eff ect” as the legal profession antihero and shows the negative consequences to which his behavior led. Moreover, attention is paid to the Concept of the development of the legal aid market and the tasks of the legal profession. Besides topics discovered, the Author analyzes the problems of protecting the professional rights of attorneys, the example of violation of the rights is provided by the case of attorney Diana Tsipinova in 2020 and the advocacy’s attempts to achieve a positive result. The problem of creating a specialized advocacy is revealed. The question of the mandatory internship for the purpose to acquire the status of an attorney is discussed. Defenсe standards and Standards of proof are observed. An example of the successful practice in the fi eld of people’s mental health of attorney Y. L. Ershov and his role in changing the law enforcement in mentioned area is given. The role of professional development of advocacy is shown.

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4

Mellinger, Marcela Sarmiento. "Beyond Legislative Advocacy: Exploring Agency, Legal, and Community Advocacy." Journal of Policy Practice 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15588742.2013.855887.

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5

Olena, MOZHAIKINA. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF ADVOCACY." Foreign trade: economics, finance, law 110, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/zt.knute.2020(110)03.

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6

Diesfeld, Kate. "New Development in Legal Advocacy." Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 6, no. 5 (December 1996): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1298(199612)6:5<409::aid-casp392>3.0.co;2-i.

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7

Cole, Clare, Sally Wellard, and Jane Mummery. "Problematising autonomy and advocacy in nursing." Nursing Ethics 21, no. 5 (January 7, 2014): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733013511362.

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Customarily patient advocacy is argued to be an essential part of nursing, and this is reinforced in contemporary nursing codes of conduct, as well as codes of ethics and competency standards governing practice. However, the role of the nurse as an advocate is not clearly understood. Autonomy is a key concept in understanding advocacy, but traditional views of individual autonomy can be argued as being outdated and misguided in nursing. Instead, the feminist perspective of relational autonomy is arguably more relevant within the context of advocacy and nurses’ work in clinical healthcare settings. This article serves to highlight and problematise some of the assumptions and influences around the perceived role of the nurse as an advocate for patients in contemporary Western healthcare systems by focusing on key assumptions concerning autonomy inherent in the role of the advocate.

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8

Soloviova, Yu I. "Analysis of the experience of regulating the legal status of advocate in the Federal Republic of Germany from the perspective of its possible use in the Russian Federation." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 11 (January 14, 2021): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2020.75.11.224-233.

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The article substantiates the need to use foreign experience in regulating an advocate’s status as an important source of resources for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation. The formation of advocacy is influenced by many factors: the level of legal awareness and legal culture in society, the political situation, the social structure of society, economic aspects, lawmaking, law and order, and many others. According to the author, it is very important that the state belongs to a certain legal family. The author believes that the legal advocate’s status has significant specifics in each country, and it is possible to better understand the goals and objectives of the Institute of advocacy and predict its development, including on the basis of research on the systems of advocacy in foreign countries. The article is attempt to conside a question about further improvement of the Institute of an advocate’s status in the present legal system of the Russian Federation taking into account the legislative experience of the Federal Republic of Germany.The author explores such aspects as: getting education by representatives of legal professions, admission to the profession of advocate; rights, duties and responsibilities of advocate, restrictions and prohibitions in the activity of advocate; ethical requirements for the practice of law, and trends in the development of the legal profession. Special attention is paid to identifying a progressive legislative approach. By the author formulated a number of proposals to improve legislation on the advocate’s status in Russian Federation.

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9

Khakimjanovich., Davlyatov Valisher. "Legal Status Of A Legal Consultation Office In The Development Of The Institute Of Advocacy." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 04 (April 26, 2020): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue04-04.

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10

Mahlin, Margaret. "Individual patient advocacy, collective responsibility and activism within professional nursing associations." Nursing Ethics 17, no. 2 (February 25, 2010): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733009351949.

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The systemic difficulties of health care in the USA have brought to light another issue in nurse—patient advocacy — those who require care yet have inadequate or non-existent access. Patient advocacy has focused on individual nurses who in turn advocate for individual patients, yet, while supporting individual patients is a worthy goal of patient advocacy, systemic problems cannot be adequately addressed in this way. The difficulties nurses face when advocating for patients is well documented in the nursing literature and I argue that, through collective advocacy, professional nursing associations ought to extend the reach of individual nurses in order to address systemic problems in health care institutions and bureaucracies.

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Thacker, Karen S. "Nurses' Advocacy Behaviors in End-of-Life Nursing Care." Nursing Ethics 15, no. 2 (March 2008): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007086015.

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Nursing professionals are in key positions to support end-of-life decisions and to advocate for patients and families across all health care settings. Advocacy has been identified as the common thread of quality end-of-life nursing care. The purpose of this comparative descriptive study was to reveal acute care nurses' perceptions of advocacy behaviors in end-of-life nursing practice. The 317 participating nurses reported frequent contact with dying patients despite modest exposure to end-of-life education. This study did not confirm an overall difference in advocacy behaviors among novice, experienced and expert nurses; however, it offered insight into the supports and barriers nurses at different skill levels experienced in their practice of advocacy.

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12

Harrington, J. Drew, J. A. Crook, and F. Robinson. "Legal Advocacy in the Roman World." Classical World 91, no. 5 (1998): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4352123.

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13

Lim, Richard, and J. A. Crook. "Legal Advocacy in the Roman World." American Historical Review 101, no. 5 (December 1996): 1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2170194.

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14

Greene, M. A. "Diabetes Legal Advocacy Comes of Age." Diabetes Spectrum 19, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.19.3.171.

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15

Gleason, Timothy W. "Legal Advocacy and the First Amendment." American Journalism 3, no. 4 (October 1986): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1986.10731079.

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16

Gorczynska, Teresa. "The first legal right to advocacy." Working with Older People 11, no. 1 (March 2007): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13663666200700005.

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17

Arifin, Ridwan. "Legal Services and Advocacy in the Industrial Revolution 4.0: Challenges and Problems in Indonesia." Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services 1, no. 2 (January 3, 2020): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijals.v1i2.36488.

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THE INDUSTRIAL revolution 4.0 had a significant influence in various sectors, including the law enforcement sector. Law enforcement, legal aid, legal services and advocacy in the industrial revolution 4.0 era have their own characteristics of challenges. This edition of the Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services raises the theme of Legal Services and Advocacy in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the hope of providing a new picture, discourse, and treasury in the provision of services and legal assistance, advocacy and community assistance.

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18

O’Connor, Tom, and Billy Kelly. "Bridging the Gap: a study of general nurses’ perceptions of patient advocacy in Ireland." Nursing Ethics 12, no. 5 (September 2005): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733005ne814oa.

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Advocacy has become an accepted and integral attribute of nursing practice. Despite this adoption of advocacy, confusion remains about the precise nature of the concept and how it should be enacted in practice. The aim of this study was to investigate general nurses’ perceptions of being patient advocates in Ireland and how they enact this role. These perceptions were compared with existing theory and research on advocacy in order to contribute to the knowledge base on the subject. An inductive, qualitative approach was used for this study. Three focus group interviews with a total of 20 practising nurses were conducted with a sample representing different grades in a general hospital setting. Data analysis was carried out using elements of Strauss and Corbins’ approach to concept development. The findings indicate that the principal role of the nurse advocate is to act as an intermediary between the patient and the health care environment. The results highlight that advocacy did, however, result in nurses becoming involved in conflict and confrontation with others and that it could be detrimental to nurses both professionally and personally. It was also clear that when enacting advocacy, nurses distinguished between ‘clinical advocacy’ (acting directly for patients in the clinical environment) and organizational advocacy (acting on an organizational level for one or more patients).

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19

Nurumov, D. "Role And Importance Of Advocacy In Legal Support Of Business Entities." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 02, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume02issue12-18.

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The article considers the role of attorneys in assisting business development and their importance in legal protection of entrepreneurs. The author emphasizes a set of features of advocacy and advantages of attorney over in-staff lawyer of an enterprise

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20

Vilchyk, Tetiana, Alla Sokolova, and Tetiana Demchyna. "Regulation of advocacy profession: global trends." Cuestiones Políticas 39, no. 69 (July 17, 2021): 689–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.43.

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The objective of the article is to analyze the regulation of the legal profession and its global trends. There are many different types of regulators globally, and many different sources and methods of regulation. There is no simple approach to setting goals for regulating the legal profession in different legal systems. Although self-regulation of the legal profession is considered the basis for adhering to the standard of its independence, at the same time, academics recognize the existence of the theory of the management of the legal profession. To study these problems, the authors conducted a comparative study of the regulatory models of the legal profession in the world in terms of compliance with international standards of legal independence in different legal jurisdictions and made some suggestions to improve the legal regulation of the legal profession in Ukraine. Empirical sources for scientific research were international documents, court decisions, national legislation of Great Britain, Canada, the United States, Ireland, Scotland, Australia and others, and the work of scientists. The article uses general scientific methods - dialectic, analysis, synthesis, analogy, etc., and special methods, particularly legal, historical, and formal comparative law.

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Toda, Yumiko, Masayo Sakamoto, Akira Tagaya, Mimi Takahashi, and Anne J. Davis. "Patient advocacy." Nursing Ethics 22, no. 7 (September 22, 2014): 765–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014547971.

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Background: Advocacy is an important role of psychiatric nurses because their patients are ethically, socially, and legally vulnerable. This study of Japanese expert psychiatric nurses’ judgments of interventions for patient advocacy will show effective strategies for ethical nursing practice and their relationship with Japanese culture. Objectives: This article explores Japanese psychiatric nurses’ decision to intervene as a patient advocate and examine their ethical, cultural, and social implications. Research design: Using semi-structured interviews verbatim, themes of the problems that required interventions were inductively summarized by a qualitative analysis and their contexts and nursing judgments were examined. Participants and research context: The participants were 21 nurses with 5 or more years of experience in psychiatric nursing. Ethical considerations: The research was approved by Institutional Review Board of research site and study facilities. The participants gave written informed consent. Findings: Analysis of 45 cases showed that nurses decided to intervene when (a) surrounding people’s opinions impeded patients’ safety, (b) healthcare professionals’ policies impeded patients’ decision-making, (c) own violent behaviors impeded treatment and welfare services for patients, (d) own or families’ low acceptance of illness impeded patients’ self-actualization, (e) inappropriate treatment or care impeded patients’ liberty, and (f) their families abused patients’ property. Discussion: To solve conflicts between patients and their surrounding people, the nurses sought reconciliation between them, which is in accordance with Japanese cultural norms respecting harmony. When necessary, however, they protected patients’ rights against cultural norms. Therefore, their judgments cannot be explained by cultural norms alone. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the nurses’ judgments were based on respect for patients’ rights apart from cultural norms, and they first sought solutions fitting the cultural norms before other solutions. This seems to be an ethical, effective strategy if advocates know the culture in depth.

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22

Gazarian, Priscilla K., Lauren M. Fernberg, and Kelly D. Sheehan. "Effectiveness of narrative pedagogy in developing student nurses’ advocacy role." Nursing Ethics 23, no. 2 (December 10, 2014): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014557718.

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Background: The literature and research on nursing ethics and advocacy has shown that generally very few nurses and other clinicians will speak up about an issue they have witnessed regarding a patient advocacy concern and that often advocacy in nursing is not learned until after students have graduated and begun working. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of narrative pedagogy on the development of advocacy in student nurses, as measured by the Protective Nursing Advocacy Scale. Design: We tested the hypothesis that use of a narrative pedagogy assignment related to ethics would improve student nurse’s perception of their advocacy role as measured by the Protective Nursing Advocacy Scale using a quasi-experimental nonrandomized study using a pre-test, intervention, post-test design. Data collection occurred during class time from October 2012 to December 2012. The Protective Nursing Advocacy Scale tool was administered to students in class to assess their baseline and was administered again at the completion of the educational intervention to assess whether narrative pedagogy was effective in developing the nursing student’s perception of their role as a patient advocate. Ethical considerations: Students were informed that their participation was voluntary and that the data collected would be anonymous and confidential. The survey was not a graded assignment, and students did not receive any incentive to participate. The institutional review board of the college determined the study to be exempt from review. Setting: School of Nursing at a small liberal arts college in the Northeastern United States. Participants: A consecutive, nonprobability sample of 44 senior-level nursing students enrolled in their final nursing semester was utilized. Findings: Results indicated significant differences in student nurse’s perception of their advocacy role related to environment and educational influences following an education intervention using an ethics digital story. Conclusion: Using the Protective Nursing Advocacy Scale, we were able to measure the effectiveness of narrative pedagogy on nursing student’s perception of the nurse’s advocacy role.

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Watson, Chanel L., and Tom O’Connor. "Legislating for advocacy: The case of whistleblowing." Nursing Ethics 24, no. 3 (September 4, 2015): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015600911.

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Background: The role of nurses as patient advocates is one which is well recognised, supported and the subject of a broad body of literature. One of the key impediments to the role of the nurse as patient advocate is the lack of support and legislative frameworks. Within a broad range of activities constituting advocacy, whistleblowing is currently the subject of much discussion in the light of the Mid Staffordshire inquiry in the United Kingdom (UK) and other instances of patient mistreatment. As a result steps to amend existing whistleblowing legislation where it exists or introduce it where it does not are underway. Objective: This paper traces the development of legislation for advocacy. Conclusion: The authors argue that while any legislation supporting advocacy is welcome, legislation on its own will not encourage or enable nurses to whistleblow.

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Berman, Micah L., Elizabeth Tobin-Tyler, and Wendy E. Parmet. "The Role of Advocacy in Public Health Law." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47, S2 (2019): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110519857308.

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This article discusses how advocacy can be taught to both law and public health students, as well as the role that public health law faculty can play in advocating for public health. Despite the central role that advocacy plans in translating public health research into law, policy advocacy skills are rarely explicitly taught in either law schools or schools of public health, leaving those engaged in public health practice unclear about whether and how to advocate for effective policies. The article explains how courses in public health law and health justice provide ideal opportunities to teach advocacy skills, and it discusses the work of the George Consortium, which seeks to engage public health law faculty in advocacy efforts.

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Шкурко, Владислав Игоревич. "Legal regulation of financial monitoring in advocacy." Problems of Legality, no. 147 (December 9, 2019): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.147.181073.

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26

Jacobs, Susan L. "Legal Advocacy in a Time of Plague." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 21, no. 3-4 (1993): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1993.tb01265.x.

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27

Ashenafi, Meaza. "Advocacy for Legal Reform for Safe Abortion." African Journal of Reproductive Health 8, no. 1 (April 2004): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583310.

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28

Westman, Jack C. "The Child Advocacy Team in Legal Actions." Psychiatric Services 49, no. 2 (February 1998): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.49.2.225.

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Pierce, Jennifer L., and Herbert M. Kritzer. "Legal Advocacy: Lawyers and Nonlawyers at Work." Contemporary Sociology 29, no. 3 (May 2000): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2653953.

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30

Harrell-Bond, Barbara. "Building the Infrastructure for the Observance of Refugee Rights in the Global South." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 25, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.26028.

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Refugees in the Global South face many serious violations of their rights. Several major host states have failed to ratify both the Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol. However, even among those states that have ratifi ed one or both, few have enacted the domestic legislation to implement the provisions, and no state in the South has made a serious effort to bring domestic law in other subjects—immigration, health, labour, education—into harmony with the rights of refugees and their international commitments. This article presents a multi-faceted proposal, a guide to building a new global infrastructure for the protection of refugees. An important precursor is the rapid expansion in the teaching and studying of refugee law. Today’s studentsof refugee issues are tomorrow’s researchers, lawyers, and scholars, all of which are desperately needed to help refugees navigate the process of status determination and resettlement, to advocate more generally for the rights of refugees, and to monitor states’ compliance with international obligations. Also, human rights NGOs need to embrace the fact that refugees are human beings, and refugee rights are human rights. Furthermore, advocacy groups, legal aid organizations, and other NGOs need to understand that advocacy, legal assistance, and research must go hand in hand: the provision of legal assistance to individual refugees not only makes the use of their life stories for research and advocacy more ethical, it improves the quality of the research and advocacy as well. Perhaps most importantly, all the groups working with refugees throughout the South must communicate with and assist each other. In an eff ort to facilitate this crucial networking and communication, sixteen refugee advocacy and legal aid NGOs from the South attended a fi ve-day workshop in Nairobi in January 2007. Th e group decided to form the Southern Refugee Legal Aid Network, and to produce a charter for membership. I have been acting as the group’s moderator informally since that time. In the coming months, SRLAN will attach itself to Fahamu, an advocacy NGO that publishes Africa’s largest circulation magazine and has a proven track record of facilitating emerging advocacy networks. Fahamu will do fearless advocacy, oft en too dangerous for individual NGOs, and the SRLAN will facilitate the communication and co-operation necessary to begin the construction of the new global infrastructure for the protection of refugees. Working together, as a network of organizations throughout the South, we truly can transform this broken and unjust system.

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Valisher, Davlyatov. "TOPICAL ISSUES OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF ADVOCACY STRUCTURES." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 06 (June 23, 2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue06-03.

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Kvach, Irina. "International legal standards of advocacy in Russian environmental legislation." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 12005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124412005.

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The article deals with conceptual questions of the role and place that international standards of advocacy take in the system of sources of advocacy in Russia. The author, relying on the decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Russian Federation, points out the priority importance of international standards and rules in matters of legal regulation of legal proceedings. Considering a significant array of international documents adopted within the framework of international organizations, including the Council of Europe, the author singles out those containing international standards of advocacy. The study of Russian national legislation through the prism of international standards of advocacy makes it possible to conclude that, as a result of prolonged legal reforms, the main fundamental provisions of national legislation have been brought into line with the requirements of international standards, but work in this direction has not yet been over. As a result, the author points out the conceptual role of international treaties as sources of advocacy. The findings became the basis for further author’s research of international standards, as a legal basis for the regulation of advocacy to protect the rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples of the north in the development of oil and gas fields on their ancestral lands.

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Reed, Frances M., Les Fitzgerald, and Melanie R. Bish. "District nurse advocacy for choice to live and die at home in rural Australia." Nursing Ethics 22, no. 4 (June 29, 2014): 479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014538889.

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Background: Choice to live and die at home is supported by palliative care policy; however, health resources and access disparity impact on this choice in rural Australia. Rural end-of-life home care is provided by district nurses, but little is known about their role in advocacy for choice in care. Objectives: The study was conducted to review the scope of the empirical literature available to answer the research question: What circumstances influence district nurse advocacy for rural client choice to live and die at home?, and identify gaps in the knowledge. Method: Interpretive scoping methodology was used to search online databases, identify suitable studies and select, chart, analyse and describe the findings. Results: 34 international studies revealed themes of ‘the nursing relationship’, ‘environment’, ‘communication’, ‘support’ and ‘the holistic client centred district nursing role. Discussion: Under-resourcing, medicalisation and emotional relational burden could affect advocacy in rural areas. Conclusion: It is not known how district nurses overcome these circumstances to advocate for choice in end-of-life care. Research designed to increase understanding of how rural district nurses advocate successfully for client goals will enable improvements to be made in the quality of end-of-life care offered.

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Abbasinia, Mohammad, Fazlollah Ahmadi, and Anoshirvan Kazemnejad. "Patient advocacy in nursing: A concept analysis." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 1 (May 20, 2019): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019832950.

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Background: The concept of patient advocacy is still poorly understood and not clearly conceptualized. Therefore, there is a gap between the ideal of patient advocacy and the reality of practice. In order to increase nursing actions as a patient advocate, a comprehensive and clear definition of this concept is necessary. Research objective: This study aimed to offer a comprehensive and clear definition of patient advocacy. Research design: A total of 46 articles and 2 books published between 1850 and 2016 and related to the concept of patient advocacy were selected from six databases and considered for concept analysis based on Rodgers’ evolutionary approach. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Tarbiat Modares University. Findings: The attributes of patient advocacy are safeguarding (track medical errors, and protecting patients from incompetency or misconduct of co-workers and other members of healthcare team), apprising (providing information about the patient’s diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, suggesting alternatives of healthcare, and providing information about discharge program), valuing (maintaining self-control, enabling patients to make decisions freely, maintaining individualization and humanity, maintaining patient privacy, and acting in the patients’ values, culture, beliefs, and preferences), mediating (liaison between patients, families, and healthcare professionals, being patients’ voice, and communicate patient preferences and cultural values to members of the healthcare team), and championing social justice in the provision of healthcare (confronting inappropriate policies or rules in the healthcare system, identifying and correcting inequalities in delivery of health services, and facilitating access to community health services and health resources). Discussion and conclusion: The analysis of this concept can help to develop educational or managerial theories, design instruments for evaluating the performance of nurses in patient advocacy, develop strategies for enhancing patient advocacy, and improve the safety and quality of nursing care in the community and healthcare system.

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Bennetts, Wanda, Christopher Maylea, Brian McKenna, and Helen Makregiorgos. "The 'Tricky Dance' of Advocacy: A study of non-legal Mental Health Advocacy." International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 2018, no. 24 (October 25, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v2018i24.746.

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<p align="LEFT">Advocacy in compulsory mental health settings is complex and contested, incorporating legal, non-legal, representational and best interests advocacy. This paper presents an approach to non-legal representational advocacy used by Independent Mental Health Advocacy (IMHA), in Victoria, Australia, drawing on in-depth qualitative interviews with advocates and other key stakeholders. After outlining the Victorian context and the IMHA model, this paper shows how IMHA privileges the consumer voice using representational advocacy, which is rights-based and works for systemic change. Using a supported decision-making model, the paper highlights the enablers and challenges which exist, before discussing the implications in terms of rights, power, capacity building and systemic change. The participants saw IMHA as working to address one of the most troubling tensions in mental health care, between the perceived need for coercion and the need to support people to make their own decisions. Representational advocacy provides a clear, easily transferable and tested framework for engaging in supported decision-making processes with people in the mental health system.</p>

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Morozov, A. V., S. P. Zhdanov, L. I. Krasavchikova, A. O. Biankina, and V. S. Kalinovskaya. "The Psychology of Advocacy Work." Psychology and Law 9, no. 2 (2019): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2019090206.

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Advocacy work is one of the most complicated activity rom the standpoint of psychology of legal profession distinguished by a variety of professional tasks and their considerable intellectual and emotional intensity. The article is devoted to the research of psychological characteristics of the advocacy work with an emphasis on the practicing lawyers as well as on overcoming crisis psycho-emotional situations at work. The authors conducted an anonymous survey among legal advisers of several regions of the Russian Federation to identify the most stressful aspects of their work as well as an anonymous survey among the heads of legal practices that demonstrates their awareness about psycho-emotional state of their subordinates. Data from foreign and local studies of certain aspects of advocacy work were analysed. The authors make a conclusion about psycho-emotional aspects of advocacy work and lawyers qualities supporting more productive activity. The practical recommendations that minimise work stress level is developed and articulated.

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Hartono, M. Rudi, and Radi Candra. "Analisis Hukum terhadap Hak Imunitas Advokat Dalam Beracara Memberikan Bantuan Hukum." Wajah Hukum 5, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v5i1.350.

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The existence of advocates as justice seekers at this time is very much needed and important in the life of the community and nation as well as increasing legal awareness and the complexity of legal problems in society. Advocacy is a profession that provides legal services to the public or its clients who face legal problems, both those related to criminal, civil and state affairs. Legal services provided by Advocates can be in the form of legal consultations, legal assistance, legal advice providers, exercising power, representing, assisting, defending, and performing other legal actions for and on behalf of clients. In providing these legal services, an Advocate can carry out it through a prodeo (Free of charge) or obtain an honorarium or payment for services from the client. In general, the position of an advocate is equal to that of other law enforcers such as the judges, prosecutors, and the police. : "Thus, advocates also play an important role in upholding and protecting the law for the community. The proper role of an advocate has been regulated in Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning "Advocates.

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Grammatikov, Valentin V. "Problems of deformation of professional legal consciousness in modern Russia (as exemplified in advocacy)." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (February 21, 2020): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.29.

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Purpose: The article aims to establish the causes of deformation of professional legal consciousness. The quality and level of development of legal consciousness of an advocate are determined by the degree of protection of human rights and freedoms, as well as by the state of legality and legal order. In view of the above, the fight against the manifestations of deformation of professional legal consciousness is an accute problem of building a legal and social state. Prevention and elimination of professional deformation of an advocate is impossible without establishing the reasons for its occurrence. Methods: The author relied on general methods of cognition, as well as such private scientific methods as structural and systemic, functional, comparative and legal, statistical, study of empirical material: disciplinary and law enforcement practices. Results: Some aspects of the nature of the deformation of legal consciousness of an advocate have been investigated, external and internal factors contributing to its appearance have been revealed, as well as the reasons for the formation of this negative phenomenon of legal reality, which have been implemented by example, including the advocacy. Conclusions: It is noted that circumstances leading to distortions in the professional legal consciousness affect representatives of the legal community equally or almost equally, but only a smaller proportion of them violate the requirements of legal norms and corporate ethics. A natural question arises as to the reasons why the said "anomalies" of the structure of legal consciousness arise in some cases and not in others. The following conclusion is grounded: the "trigger" of professional deformation of both an advocate and any other person is the degradation of the moral structure of the person - individually formed notions of conscience, shame, justice, the measure allowed and so on.

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Costello, John, and Alesha Durfee. "Survivor-Defined Advocacy in the Civil Protection Order Process." Feminist Criminology 15, no. 3 (December 4, 2019): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085119891250.

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This study examines how lay legal advocates meet petitioners’ extralegal and legal needs during the protection order process using survivor-defined advocacy. We conducted interviews with 20 lay legal advocates and identified four ways in which advocates provided services consistent with survivor-defined advocacy, including court accompaniment, safety planning, meeting petitioners’ extralegal needs, and centering the survivor as the decision-maker. We discuss our results in light of previous research on survivor-defined advocacy and describe the implications in the context of current domestic violence law and policy, including the need to enhance lay legal advocates’ ability to provide survivor-defined approaches in their services.

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Trunov, I. L. "Russia Need Reform Advocacy." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls17965.

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This article analyzes the reform of the legal services market and the advocacy profession on the basis of the state program«Justice». Criticism accumulated over the past 12 years, challenges and proposals for reforming and improving the advocacy profes-sion, based on international experience and domestic mistakes and miscalculations.

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Kukhnyuk, D., and B. Shylenko. "DISCIPLINARY LIABILITY FOR VIOLATION OF LEGAL ETHICS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 111 (2019): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2019/4.111-6.

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The article is devoted to the research of legal ethics and disciplinary liability of the lawyer for their violation, the necessity and expediency of such liability. It has been discovered that the legal community is a part of the modern Ukrainian society, which stands guard over the protection of its interests. The appropriate constitutional status and responsibilities imposed on the advocacy cause the society's acute attention to the moral and ethical component of the activity of the advocacy in general and each lawyer in particular. It concerns both daily activities in real life and legal activities in social networks, which have become a significant part of our reality due to their total dissemination in personal and professional life of the individual. Such increased public attention to advocacy determines the need to ensure appropriate quality control over the specified professional activity, which is carried out by specialized structural divisions of the advocacy as an autonomous and self-governing institute in Ukraine. The results of such control are the disciplinary liability of the lawyer. The definition of disciplinary liability of a lawyer is a special type of legal liability applicable to a lawyer based on the results of a disciplinary proceeding carried out by a qualification and disciplinary commission of the advocacy for committing a disciplinary offensce. The content of the Legal Ethics Rules has been researched and found to be rather extensive and contains only imperative obligations and prohibitions but does not contain specific guidance on the use of clearly defined sanctions for violation of a particular Rule. And the adherence of the lawyer to the Rules of Legal Ethics, the admissibility of their actions and statements in real life, as well as their activities in social networks are is determined on the basis of appraisal concepts and depends on the discretion of the authorities with the right of official interpretation of the Rules of Legal Ethics in the process of disciplinary proceedings and, as a result, disciplinarypenalties.

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Вільчик, Т. Б. "Constitutional and legal status of advocacy of Ukraine." Theory and practice of jurisprudence 2, no. 8 (March 17, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2225-6555.2015.2.63588.

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Jensen, Robin E. "Reimagining Advocacy: Rhetorical Education in the Legal Clinic." Quarterly Journal of Speech 105, no. 2 (March 2019): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00335630.2019.1582173.

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Denison, Madeline. "Reimagining advocacy: rhetorical education in the legal clinic." Argumentation and Advocacy 55, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511431.2018.1528123.

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Bosler, Barbara. "Non-Legal Advocacy to Improve Quality of Care." Home Healthcare Now 34, no. 4 (April 2016): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nhh.0000000000000379.

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Errickson, Eve L. "The Culture in Cultural Property: Expanding Legal Advocacy." Heritage & Society 8, no. 2 (July 3, 2015): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2159032x.2015.1126116.

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Gaylord, Nan, and Pamela Grace. "Nursing Advocacy: an Ethic of Practice." Nursing Ethics 2, no. 1 (March 1995): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309500200103.

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Advocacy is an important concept in nursing practice; it is frequently used to describe th nurse-client relationship. The term advocacy, however, is subject to ambiguity of interpretation. Such ambiguity was evidenced recently in criticisms levelled at the nursing profession by hospital ethicist Ellen Bernal. She reproached nursing for using 'patient rights advocate' as a viable role for nurses. We maintain that, for nursing, patient advocacy may encompass, but is not limited to, patient rights advocacy. Patient advocacy is not merely the defence of infringements of patient rights. Advocacy for nursing stems from a philosophy of nursing in which nursing practice is the support of an individual to promote his or her own well-being, as understood by that individual. It is an ethic of practice. La défense des malades joue un grand rôle dans la pratique des infirmiers/ères. Le terme est souvent utilisé pour définir les rapports entre malades et soignants. Le mot 'defénse' pourtant, peut être mal compris. Une ambiguïté était évidente récemment dans la critique de la profession infirmière faite par la philosophe éthique Ellen Bernal. Elle reproche à la profession d'utiliser le terme 'avocat des droits des malades' pour désigner le rôle primordial des infirmiers/ères. Nous croyons que pour les soignants, la défense des malades peut comprendre le rôle 'd'avocat des droits des malades' mais elle ne s'y borne pas. La défense n'est pas limitée à la défense des infractions des droits des malades. La défense dans la profession infirmière est basée sur une philosophie où la pratique infirmière est le soutien des malades dans leur quête de promouvoir leur propre bien-être. Die Fürsprache spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Krankenpflege. Sie wird oft als kennzeichnend für die Beziehung zwischen Patient und Pflegepersonal beschrieben. Der Ausdruck 'Fürsprache' kann aber auch mehrdeutig interpretiert werden. Das wurde letzthin in der Kritik der Ethikerin Ellen Bernal an der Krankenpflege sichtbar. Sie machte den Pflegenden den Vorwurf, dass sie sich die Rolle des 'Rechts-Advokat des Patienten' aneignen. Wir sind der Meinung, dass es die Aufgabe des Pflegepersonals ist, auch die Rechte der Patienten zu vertreten, aber dass das nur ein Teil der Fürsprache ist. Sie ist nicht nur Verteidignung von verletzten Patientenrechten. Die Fürsprache in der Krankenpflege stammt von einer Philosophie, deren Ausübung die Unterstützung der Patienten für ihr Wohlergehen zum Ziel hat, so wie die Patienten selbst ihr Wohlergehen verstehen. Sie ist eine Ethik der Tat.

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Ryan, Caitlin C., and Mona J. Rowe. "AIDS: Legal and Ethical Issues." Social Casework 69, no. 6 (June 1988): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948806900601.

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The AIDS crisis challenges social workers to reaffirm their profession's traditional values of advocacy, community service, respect for differences, and commitment to social change. The authors discuss current and future legal and ethical issues with respect to the AIDS crisis.

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LEWIS, ANDREW R. "Representing the Faithful in Legal Advocacy? Evaluating the Congruence in Baptist Church-State Advocacy." Politics & Policy 39, no. 3 (May 26, 2011): 441–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00298.x.

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Little, Janine. "Tracks to Advocacy." Asia Pacific Media Educator 24, no. 2 (December 2014): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1326365x14555287.

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This article considers the role of animal rights-based journalism and its connection to teaching media law and ethics to undergraduate students in an Australian university arts faculty. An anecdotal discussion of a reflective practice informing the teaching of an undergraduate course in a journalism major relates questions of ethics and law to broader considerations of the role of advocacy in and around journalism, and media practice. It is argued that animal rights-related stories have a role in training media professionals, and also in inspiring journalists to envision their own work as part of the democratic mechanisms of social and legal reform in Australia.

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