Relevant bibliographies by topics / Left ventricle scar

Academic literature on the topic 'Left ventricle scar'

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Published: 7 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Left ventricle scar":

1

Afzal, N., and N. S. Dhalla. "Differential changes in left and right ventricular SR calcium transport in congestive heart failure." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 262, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): H868—H874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.262.3.h868.

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To examine the status of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) with respect to Ca2+ transport in congestive heart failure due to myocardial infarction, the left coronary artery in rats was ligated for 4, 8, and 16 wk. The left heart function was assessed with an intraventricular pressure transducer, and SR membrane fractions from the right ventricle and the viable left ventricle were isolated for measuring the ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake activities. In comparison to sham-operated controls, SR Ca2+ uptake activity was decreased in viable left ventricle of the experimental animals at 4, 8, and 16 wk. On the other hand, SR Ca2+ uptake activity in the right ventricle was increased at 4 and 8 wk, but no change was apparent at 16 wk of coronary occlusion. The decrease in SR Ca2+ uptake in left ventricle and increase in right ventricle were associated with corresponding changes in maximal velocity values without any alterations in the affinity for Ca2+. These opposite changes in the right and left ventricles were dependent on the scar size as well as time after inducing the myocardial infarction. The SR Ca(2+)-stimulated adenosinetriphosphatase activity was decreased in left ventricle and increased in the right ventricle from 4 wk experimental animals. The results suggest differential remodeling of the SR membranes with respect to Ca(2+)-pump mechanisms in left and right ventricles during the development of congestive heart failure.
2

Ostroumov, E. N., E. V. Migunova, E. D. Kotina, E. B. Leonova, I. M. Kuzmina, M. V. Parkhomenko, S. Yu Kambarov, and M. A. Sagirov. "Right ventricular visualization at SPECT perfusion imaging before and after revascularization in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis." Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation 15, no. 2 (June 21, 2023): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.23873/2074-0506-2023-15-2-200-215.

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Aim. To evaluate the intersystemic (between the myocardium of the left coronary artery system and the right coronary artery system redistribution mechanisms of perfusion in the myocardium after revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease with focal cardiosclerosis using gated single photon emission computed tomography. Сardiosclerosis foci were initially identified by magnetic resonance imaging. Material and Methods. The study included 17 patients with coronary artery disease with multivessel coronary disease and large-focal cardiosclerosis according to the results of magnetic resonance imaging with contrast; the diagnosis of left ventricular aneurysm was established in 14 patients, the focal subendocardial cardiosclerosis was diagnosed in 3 patients. For various reasons, all patients underwent myocardial revascularization without the left ventricle reconstruction (coronary artery bypass grafting in 10 patients, percutaneous coronary intervention in 7 patients). Magnetic resonance imaging was used as the gold standard for focal cardiosclerosis before revascularization. All patients before and after revascularization underwent gated single photon emission computed tomography with MIBI scan. During the initial analysis of peaks on the profile slices of coronal and transversal midsections passing along the lateral walls of the left and right ventricles, we did not notice a clear visualization of in 8 patients (group 1), while an increased MIBI scan accumulation in the right ventricle myocardium was clearly visualized in 9 patients (group 2). Based on the peaks height of profile curves, we compared changes in the maxima of radiopharmaceutical accumulation before and after revascularization in the lateral walls of the left ventricle and right ventricle. All studies were performed using the original Cardiac Functional Imaging medical program in order to obtain quantitative information about the myocardial function of both the left ventricle, and also the right ventricle. This program made it possible to highlight the right ventricle area even in the case of its weak visualization through the initial formation of parametric images, where the right ventricle area was visualized. Results. When comparing the revascularization results of the two groups, we noted that the left ventricle ejection fraction increased significantly only in patients without initial visualization of the right ventricular myocardium. Left ventricle ejection fraction did not change after revascularization in patients with initially increased accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the right ventricle. Globally, only an improvement in the diastolic function of the left and right ventricles was noted in the latter group of patients. In addition, an increase in the right ventricular uptake level was noted for patients with focal cardiosclerosis and the initially increased uptake in the right ventricle after the maximum possible complete myocardial revascularization, which may indicate a redistribution of perfusion in favor of a more intact right ventricular myocardium. Conclusions. 1. In patients without signs of increased visualization of the right ventricle (group 1) after revascularization, we revealed a statistically significant increase in the left ventricle ejection fraction (p-value=0.024), a decrease in the end-systolic volume (p-value=0.024), an increase in the motion in segments corresponding to the peri-infarct scar zone (p-value=0.016), and a change in systolic thickening in the segment of the basal parts of the anterolateral wall (p-value=0.046). 2. Initially increased visualization of the right ventricle in patients with extensive focal cardiosclerosis in the myocardium of the left ventricle suggests the absence of the left ventricle ejection fraction increase after myocardial revascularization. 3. An increase in the visualization of the right ventricle after complete myocardial revascularization indicates an intersystemic redistribution of perfusion in favor of the preserved myocardium of this part of the heart.
3

Pojar, Marek, Jan Harrer, Nedal Omran, and Martin Vobornik. "Surgical Cryoablation of Drug Resistant Ventricular Tachycardia and Aneurysmectomy of Postinfarction Left Ventricular Aneurysm." Case Reports in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/207851.

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Heart failure is usually associated with left ventricle remodelling, wall thickening, and worsening of the systolic function. Ventricular tachycardia is a common and a negative prognostic factor in patients with endocardial scarring following myocardial infarction and aneurysm formation. The authors present a case of a 51-year-old man with ischemic heart disease, who suffered myocardial infarction four years ago. The patient was admitted to the hospital with sustained ventricular tachycardia despite maximal pharmacotherapy and also underwent unsuccessful percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the right ventricle. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed left ventricle dysfunction with ejection fraction of 25%, aneurysm of the apex of the left ventricle with thrombus formation inside the aneurysm. Surgical therapy consisted of the cryoablation applied at the transitional zone of the scar and viable tissue and the resection of the aneurysm. The patient remained free of any ventricular tachycardia four months later.
4

Gaertner, Roger, Fabrice Prunier, Monique Philippe, Liliane Louedec, Jean-Jacques Mercadier, and Jean-Baptiste Michel. "Scar and pulmonary expression and shedding of ACE in rat myocardial infarction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 283, no. 1 (July 1, 2002): H156—H164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00848.2001.

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We examined the topology of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA expression, activity, and shedding in myocardial infarction-induced heart failure and sought to elucidate the source of the increased plasma ACE activity in this model. Three months after coronary ligature, lung, scar, and remaining viable left ventricular tissues were analyzed for ACE mRNA expression as well as tissue and solubilized ACE activity. ACE mRNA expression increased in the scar with respect to infarct severity, decreased in the lung, and remained unchanged in the left ventricle. ACE activity decreased in the lung and increased in the scar tissue and plasma. Shedding of ACE remained constant in the lung and increased in the scar. This study shows that ACE expression and activity is shifted from the pulmonary endothelium to the infarct scar tissue and that constancy of shedding in the lung and its increase in the scar are the source of the increased plasma ACE in congestive heart failure.
5

Mattesi, Giulia, Alberto Cipriani, Barbara Bauce, Ilaria Rigato, Alessandro Zorzi, and Domenico Corrado. "Arrhythmogenic Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Genotype-Phenotype Correlations and New Diagnostic Criteria." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102212.

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Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart muscle disease characterized by loss of ventricular myocardium and fibrofatty replacement, which predisposes to scar-related ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, particularly in the young and athletes. Although in its original description the disease was characterized by an exclusive or at least predominant right ventricle (RV) involvement, it has been demonstrated that the fibrofatty scar can also localize in the left ventricle (LV), with the LV lesion that can equalize or even overcome that of the RV. While the right-dominant form is typically associated with mutations in genes encoding for desmosomal proteins, other (non-desmosomal) mutations have been showed to cause the biventricular and left-dominant variants. This has led to a critical evaluation of the 2010 International Task Force criteria, which exclusively addressed the right phenotypic manifestations of ACM. An International Expert consensus document has been recently developed to provide upgraded criteria (“the Padua Criteria”) for the diagnosis of the whole spectrum of ACM phenotypes, particularly left-dominant forms, highlighting the use of cardiac magnetic resonance. This review aims to offer an overview of the current knowledge on the genetic basis, the phenotypic expressions, and the diagnosis of left-sided variants, both biventricular and left-dominant, of ACM.
6

Reusswig, Friedrich, Amin Polzin, Meike Klier, Matthias Achim Dille, Aysel Ayhan, Marcel Benkhoff, Celina Lersch, et al. "Only Acute but Not Chronic Thrombocytopenia Protects Mice against Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Acute Myocardial Infarction." Cells 11, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 3500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213500.

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Background: Platelets are major players of thrombosis and inflammation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The impact of thrombocytopenia on platelet-induced cellular processes post AMI is not well defined. Methods: The left anterior descending artery was ligated in C57/Bl6 mice and in two thrombocytopenic mouse models to induce AMI. Results: Platelets from STEMI patients and from C57/Bl6 mice displayed enhanced platelet activation after AMI. This allows platelets to migrate into the infarct but not into the remote zone of the left ventricle. Acute thrombocytopenia by antibody-induced platelet depletion resulted in reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function 24 h and 21 days post AMI. This was due to reduced platelet-mediated inflammation after 24 h and reduced scar formation after 21 days post AMI. The collagen composition and interstitial collagen content in the left ventricle were altered due to platelet interaction with cardiac fibroblasts. Acute inflammation was also significantly reduced in Mpl−/− mice with chronic thrombocytopenia, but cardiac remodeling was unaltered. Consequently, left ventricular function, infarct size and scar formation in Mpl−/− mice were comparable to controls. Conclusion: This study discovers a novel role for platelets in cardiac remodeling and reveals that acute but not chronic thrombocytopenia protects left ventricular function post AMI.
7

Mele, Donato, Eustachio Agricola, Alessandro Dal Monte, Maurizio Galderisi, Antonello D'Andrea, Fausto Rigo, Rodolfo Citro, et al. "Pacing transmural scar tissue reduces left ventricle reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy." International Journal of Cardiology 167, no. 1 (July 2013): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.12.006.

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Awang Damit, Dayang Suhaida, Siti Noraini Sulaiman, Muhammad Khusairi Osman, Noor Khairiah A. Karim, and Samsul Setumin. "Automated DeepLabV3+ based model for left ventricle segmentation on short-axis late gadolinium enhancement-magnetic cardiac resonance imaging images." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 3 (June 1, 2024): 3362. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp3362-3371.

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Accurate segmentation of myocardial scar tissue on late gadolinium enhancement-magnetic cardiac resonance imaging (LGE-CMR) is exceptionally vital for clinical applications, enabling precise diagnosis and effective treatment of various cardiac diseases, such as myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathies. However, the ventricle (LV) variations in the size and shape, artifacts, and image resolution of LGE-CMR has made automatic segmentation of myocardial scar tissue more challenging. While many existing approaches delineate the LV myocardium region using multi-modal segmentation, these models may be computationally complex and suffer from misalignment. Therefore, this study proposed an automatic dual-stage DeepLabV3+ based approach tailored for myocardial scar segmentation on short-axis LGE-MRI exclusively. To segment myocardial scar tissue, the second stage employs the segmented LV chamber from the previous stage. The encoder part of the framework utilizes a MobileNetV2 and ResNet50 backbone for the first and second segmentation, respectively, aiming for optimal resolution of feature maps. Both stages tailor an improved Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling module in the DeepLabV3+ model with fine-tuned dilated atrous rates to effectively extract the LV chamber and myocardial scar from the complex LGE-MRI background. Based on the results, the proposed dual-stage network recorded an outstanding segmentation performance, with mean Dice score of 96.02% for LV chamber segmentation and 68.01% for scar tissue extraction.
9

Lajoie, Claude, Viviane El-Helou, Cindy Proulx, Robert Clément, Hugues Gosselin, and Angelino Calderone. "Infarct size is increased in female post-MI rats treated with rapamycin." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 87, no. 6 (June 2009): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y09-031.

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Rapamycin represents a recognized drug-based therapeutic approach to treat cardiovascular disease. However, at least in the female heart, rapamycin may suppress the recruitment of putative signalling events conferring cardioprotection. The present study tested the hypothesis that rapamycin-sensitive signalling events contributed to the cardioprotective phenotype of the female rat heart after an ischemic insult. Rapamycin (1.5 mg/kg) was administered to adult female Sprague–Dawley rats 24 h after complete coronary artery ligation and continued for 6 days. Rapamycin abrogated p70S6K phosphorylation in the left ventricle of sham rats and the noninfarcted left ventricle (NILV) of 1-week postmyocardial-infarcted (MI) rats. Scar weight (MI 0.028 ± 0.006, MI+rapamycin 0.064 ± 0.004 g) and surface area (MI 0.37 ± 0.08, MI+rapamycin 0.74 ± 0.03 cm2) were significantly larger in rapamycin-treated post-MI rats. In the NILV of post-MI female rats, rapamycin inhibited the upregulation of eNOS. Furthermore, the increased expression of collagen and TGF-β3 mRNAs in the NILV were attenuated in rapamycin-treated post-MI rats, whereas scar healing was unaffected. The present study has demonstrated that rapamycin-sensitive signalling events were implicated in scar formation and reactive fibrosis. Rapamycin-mediated suppression of eNOS and TGF-β3 mRNA in post-MI female rats may have directly contributed to the larger infarct and attenuation of the reactive fibrotic response, respectively.
10

Acar, Emine, Ayşegül Aksu, Gökmen Akkaya, and Gamze Çapa Kaya. "Prevalence and Localization of Hibernating Myocardium Among Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction." Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews 15, no. 9 (October 16, 2019): 884–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405615666190701110620.

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Objective: This study evaluated how much of the myocardium was hibernating in patients with left ventricle dysfunction and/or comorbidities who planned to undergo either surgical or interventional revascularization. Furthermore, this study also identified which irrigation areas of the coronary arteries presented more scar and hibernating tissue. Methods: At rest, Tc-99m MIBI SPECT and cardiac F-18 FDG PET/CT images collected between March 2009 and September 2016 from 65 patients (55 men, 10 women, mean age 64±12) were retrospectively analyzed in order to evaluate myocardial viability. The areas with perfusion defects that were considered metabolic were accepted as hibernating myocardium, whereas areas with perfusion defects that were considered non-metabolic were accepted as scar tissue. Results: Perfusion defects were observed in 26% of myocardium, on average 48% were associated with hibernation whereas other 52% were scar tissue. In the remaining Tc-99m MIBI images, perfusion defects were observed in the following areas in the left anterior descending artery (LAD; 31%), in the right coronary artery (RCA; 23%) and in the Left Circumflex Artery (LCx; 19%) irrigation areas. Hibernation areas were localized within the LAD (46%), LCx (54%), and RCA (64%) irrigation areas. Scar tissue was also localized within the LAD (54%), LCx (46%), and RCA (36%) irrigation areas. Conclusion: Perfusion defects are thought to be the result of half hibernating tissue and half scar tissue. The majority of perfusion defects was observed in the LAD irrigation area, whereas hibernation was most often observed in the RCA irrigation area. The scar tissue development was more common in the LAD irrigation zone.
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Journal articles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Left ventricle scar":

1

Lecesne, Erwan. "Planification et assistance par fusion d'images multimodales pour l'optimisation de gestes de réparation tissulaire en insuffisance cardiaque." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS001.

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Les travaux de cette thèse s’inscrivent dans le contexte clinique visant à optimiser le geste lors des interventions endoventriculaires cardiaques. Cette recherche se concentre principalement sur le guidage en vue du diagnostic et du traitement des affections endoventriculaires à l’aide de cathéters. L’intervention considérée est la biopsie endoventriculaire utilisée pour diagnostiquer les patients atteints de sarcoïdose cardiaque. En effet, le cathéter doit être guidé avec précision vers la zone de fibrose. Cependant, l’absence d’informations visuelles précises sur la localisation de la fibrose pendant l’intervention accroît le risque de faux négatifs pour les échantillons prélevés. De plus, il existe un risque de complications telles que la perforation myocardique, également appelée tamponnade cardiaque. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont articulés en deux parties distinctes :La première partie, préopératoire, consiste à élaborer un modèle 3D du cœur, englobant le ventricule gauche, le ventricule droit et le myocarde. Ce modèle est construit à partir de segmentations d’images d’IRM, notamment des séquences ciné pour les structures principales et LGE pour localiser les zones de fibrose. Les méthodes de segmentation développées reposent sur l’apprentissage profond, et la méthode de segmentation de la fibrose fait l’objet d’une publication en cours. La seconde partie, peropératoire, vise à assis- ter la procédure en fournissant des informa- tions précises sur l’anatomie et la localisation de la zone fibrosée. Cela permet d’optimiser le positionnement du cathéter en périphérie de cette zone fibrosée, contribuant ainsi à améliorer la précision et l’efficacité de l’intervention. Enfin, l’ensemble de la chaîne de traitement a été expérimenté avec succès sur trois patients, procurant ainsi un retour d’expérience du clinicien. Ces avancées visent à réduire les risques liés à la biopsie endoventriculaire et à accroître la précision du diagnostic de la sarcoïdose cardiaque, ouvrant ainsi la voie à des progrès significatifs dans la prise en charge de cette pathologie
The research in this thesis is situated in the clinical context aimed at optimizing procedures during cardiac endoventricular interventions. This study primarily focuses on guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of endoventricular conditions using catheters. The specific intervention under consideration is the endoventricular biopsy used for diagnosing patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Indeed, the catheter must be precisely guided to the fibrotic zone. However, the lack of precise visual information on the location of fibrosis during the intervention increases the risk of false negatives for the collected samples. Additionally, there is a risk of complications such as myocardial perforation, also known as cardiac tamponade. The objectives of this thesis are articulated in two distinct parts: The first part, preoperative, involves developing a 3D model of the heart, encompassing the left ventricle, right ventricle, and myocardium. This model is constructed from segmentations of MRI images, including cine sequences for the main structures and late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) images to locate fibrotic zones. The segmentation methods developed rely on deep learning, and the fibrosis segmentation method is the subject of an ongoing publication. The second part, intraoperative, aims to assist the procedure by providing precise information about the anatomy and location of the fibrotic zone. This optimizes the positioning of the catheter on the periphery of this fibrotic zone, thereby contributing to improving the precision and efficiency of the intervention. Finally, the entire processing pipeline has been successfully tested on three patients, providing valuable feedback for clinicians. These advancements aim to reduce the risks associated with endoventricular biopsy and enhance the precision of cardiac sarcoidosis diagnosis, paving the way for significant progress in the management of this pathology
2

Doost, Ata. "Micro-CT scan with virtual dissection of Left Ventricle is a non-destructive, reproducible alternative to dissection and weighing for Left Ventricular size." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/257134.

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Cardiac hypertrophy is a common condition and carries a substantial risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While there have been notable successes in the identification of monogenic diseases causing severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the genes responsible for population variation in cardiac size have not been identified. Strategies to identify causative genes by genome wide-association studies have been implemented worldwide, but these studies are extensive with a vast cost. That makes an alternative, simpler and more practical approach that narrows the potential genes needing intensive evaluation appealing. Model systems such as inbred recombinant strains of mice provide such an alternate approach to identify a genetic basis for underlying susceptibility to common diseases. However, significantly reduced mouse cardiovascular structure presents a technical challenge when attempting to visualise anatomic features such as congenital defects or left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Histological analysis of sectioned soft tissues has been traditionally recognised as the gold standard in identification of cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless histology only provides a two-dimensional view of a sectioned sample, requires intensive manual handling, and is prone to artefacts in sample processing and preparation. X-ray absorption micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan has recently attracted great attention in in-vivo and ex-vivo visualisation of small animal models and provides high resolution 3-Dimensional (3D) data, at a micrometre scale. The acquired images can be presented in multiple imaging planes and rapidly reconstructed thereby allowing a detailed assessment of cardiac anomalies without sample destruction. This technique is non-invasive and can be conducted without compromising the ability to further pursue downstream histological analysis. In this study we compared two common micro-CT scan staining agents for enhancement of soft tissues and their application for investigation of post-natal murine cardiac structures as part of a project on identifying genes that contribute to the left ventricular hypertrophy in the Collaborative Cross (CC) mice. The ability to study the CC strains using fixed tissue allows access to more strains at a greatly reduced cost compared to shipping live animals. Using micro-CT, we were able to show that it is technically feasible to do high-resolution and 3D visualisation of the whole murine heart with contrast staining without having to dissect and section them. Our data demonstrated that iodine staining compared to Phosphotungstic Acid (PTA) is easier and quicker to facilitate contrast enhancement of mouse cardiac tissue. Most importantly, stained samples are preserved for future histopathology and genotyping experiments. Virtual dissection of micro-CT 3D images provides non-destructive measurement of left-ventricular tissue volume allowing both secondary uses and repeated measurements neither of which are possible with physical dissection. We compared estimated LV mass with the directly measured LV mass after dissection as this has been the common comparator in many imaging studies. Although, for small volumes, histomorphometry has occasionally been used. Our results support the use of micro-CT to estimate LV tissue mass, particularly in circumstances where it is desirable to leave the preserved specimen intact for other subsequent use. Combining this technique with phenotypic information could provide a new, efficient way to identify genetic cardiac hypertrophic anomalies.

Books on the topic "Left ventricle scar":

1

Alonso Salinas, Gonzalo Luis, Marina Pascual Izco, Covadonga Fernández-Golfín, Luigi P. Badano, and José Luis Zamorano. Ischaemic heart disease: acute coronary syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0029.

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Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a non-invasive and accessible tool that should be widely used in the evaluation of patients with suspected or known acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Its role is crucial in the management of patients with suspected ACS without electrocardiographic changes or elevation of cardiac markers, allowing the formulation of differential diagnosis between cardiac and extracardiac aetiologies. If the ACS is confirmed, initial assessment of regional and global left and right ventricle contractile function is fundamental in establishing the management strategy and may help in the risk stratification of these patients. TTE can also characterize the ischaemic myocardium in the acute phase, exposing any myocardial regional wall motion abnormalities. Furthermore, TTE is an excellent tool for the initial assessment of the aetiology of cardiogenic shock. It provides additional information regarding the haemodynamic status of the patient, including filling pressures and stroke volume, and it may rule out other causes of shock; thus, immediate TTE, or transoesophageal echocardiography if necessary, should be performed when cardiogenic shock is suspected. In the chronic phase, TTE plays an important role in characterizing myocardial infarction scar and its extent. TTE can accurately differentiate viable myocardium from scar tissue, and may guide revascularization if needed, improving patient care.

Book chapters on the topic "Left ventricle scar":

1

Razumov, A. A., and K. S. Ushenin. "The Influence of Left Ventricle Wall Thickness and Scar Fibrosis on Pseudo-ECG." In Mathematical Analysis With Applications, 289–300. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42176-2_28.

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Fadil, Hakim, John J. Totman, and Stephanie Marchesseau. "Deep Learning Segmentation of the Left Ventricle in Structural CMR: Towards a Fully Automatic Multi-scan Analysis." In Statistical Atlases and Computational Models of the Heart. Atrial Segmentation and LV Quantification Challenges, 40–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12029-0_5.

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Castelvecchio, Serenella, Raffaella Molfetta, Andrea Garatti, and Lorenzo Menicanti. "Coronary artery bypass grafting with surgical ventricular reconstruction." In State of the Art Surgical Coronary Revascularization, edited by Naresh Trehan and Yasir Abu-Omar, 431–34. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758785.003.0074.

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The increase in left ventricular volume after a myocardial infarction is a component of the remodelling process leading to heart failure and it is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Hence, the current management strategy for ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction has been aimed to reverse the remodelling process by medical therapy, devices and/or surgical strategies. Surgical ventricular reconstruction, usually combined with myocardial revascularization, has been introduced as an optional therapeutic strategy aimed to reduce the left ventricle through the exclusion of the scar tissue. Surgical ventricular reconstruction is recommended in selected heart failure patients, especially if a postoperative left ventricular end-systolic volume index less than 70 mL/m2 can be predictably achieved, because a smaller residual volume is associated with improved survival. This chapter briefly discusses the rationale to surgically reverse left ventricular remodelling, the technique, and the indications to the best of the authors’ knowledge, coming from one of the centres with the most experience in SVR worldwide.

Conference papers on the topic "Left ventricle scar":

1

Singh, Yashbir, S. Deepa, Wathiq Mansoor, and Weichih Hu. "Geometrical evaluation of the Scar in Left ventricle using TDA." In 2021 IEEE 11th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccwc51732.2021.9376058.

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Lee, Chien-Yi, Yashbir Singh, and Wei Chih Hu. "Detection of low wall motion and comparison study with scar tissue using 4D left ventricle cardiac images." In 2018 7th International Symposium on Next Generation Electronics (ISNE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isne.2018.8394714.

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Udin, Michael H., Ciprian N. Ionita, Saraswati Pokharel, and Umesh C. Sharma. "Automation of ischemic myocardial scar detection in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of the left ventricle using machine learning." In Computer-Aided Diagnosis, edited by Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Karen Drukker, Maciej A. Mazurowski, Hongbing Lu, Chisako Muramatsu, and Ravi K. Samala. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2612234.

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Tang, Dalin, Chun Yang, Tal Geva, Glenn Gaudette, and Pedro J. del Nido. "Regenerated Contracting Myocardium May Improve Post-Surgery Right Ventricle Function: Patch Comparison Using MRI-Based Two-Layer Anisotropic Models of Human Right and Left Ventricles." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19067.

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Patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), a congenital heart defect which includes a ventricular septal defect and severe right ventricular outflow obstruction, account for the majority of cases with late onset RV failure. The current surgical approach, which includes pulmonary valve replacement/insertion (PVR), has yielded mixed results. One reason for the unpredictable results is that the PVR surgery only addresses pulmonary regurgitation. New surgical options including scar tissue reduction and RV remodeling have been proposed in order to improve RV function recovery [1]. Various RV reconstruction techniques are being investigated, including patch design (materials, sizes, and shapes) and myocardium regeneration techniques which have the potential that viable myocardium may be regenerated or placed in the patch area [2,4]. Wald and Geva et al. investigated effects of regional dysfunction on global RV function in patients with repaired ToF and reported that localized dysfunction in the region of the RV outflow tract patch adversely affects global RV function and regional measures, and may have important implications for patient management [5]. Recent advances in computational modeling have made it possible for computer-simulated procedures (virtual surgery) to be used in clinical decision-making process to replace empirical and often risky clinical experimentation to examine the efficiency and suitability of various reconstructive procedures and patch design in diseased hearts [4]. In this paper, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)-based two-layer active anisotropic models of human right and left ventricles (RV/LV) were constructed to compare three different patch materials and investigate the potential improvement of regenerated contracting myocardium on RV function after PVR surgery: Patch 1 – Dacron scaffold; Patch 2 – pericardium treated with gluteraldehyde; Patch 3 – viable contracting myocardium (not currently available but represents future direction). The 3D CMR-based RV/LV/Patch combination models were solved to obtain 3D ventricular deformation and stress/strain distributions for accurate assessment of RV mechanical conditions and function. The computational models were validated by CMR data and then used to assess the effect of patch material properties with the ultimate goal of improving recovery of RV function after surgery.
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Dokuchaev, Arsenii, Svyatoslav Khamzin, Daria Mangileva, Tatiana Chumarnaya, and Olga Solovyova. "Impact of the Transmural Dimension of Infarction Scar on the Dynamics of Spiral Waves in Realistic Models of the Human Heart's Left Ventricle." In 2019 Ural Symposium on Biomedical Engineering, Radioelectronics and Information Technology (USBEREIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usbereit.2019.8736650.

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Trubelja, Alen, John W. MacArthur, Joseph J. Sarver, Jeffrey E. Cohen, Yasuhiro Shudo, Alexander S. Fairman, Jay Patel, William Hiesinger, Pavan Atluri, and Y. Joseph Woo. "Bioengineered SDF-1a Analogue Delivered as an Angiogenic Therapy Significantly Normalizes Elastic and Viscoelastic Material Properties of Infarcted Cardiac Muscle." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14602.

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Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, and coronary heart disease causes 1 of every 6 deaths in the United States [1]. Following a myocardial infarction, scar tissue gradually replaces myocardium that is lost through a process of collagen deposition and an increase in tensile strength of the tissue [2]. This leads to infarct expansion, adverse ventricular remodeling and dysfunction, and ultimately heart failure. Dilation of the left ventricle (LV) leads to increased LV wall stress and is ultimately responsible for adverse ventricular remodeling. LV dilation causes stretching and thereby increased wall stress, prohibiting cardiomyocytes from effectively contracting, which leads to further dilation, and ultimately a decrease in cardiac pump efficiency [3]. Previously, it has been shown that using a tissue filler to modify the material properties of an infarct limits the process of ventricular remodeling [4]. Angiogenesis is another mechanism by which adverse ventricular remodeling can be limited. Previously, our group developed engineered stromal cell-derived factor-1α (ESA), a computationally designed analog of an established endothelial progenitor cell chemokine, SDF-1α, and demonstrated that ESA injection enhances LV function by promoting angiogenesis and retains the native properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [5] [6]. In this study, we propose that injection of ESA to infarcted cardiac muscle improves the tensile strength and viscoelastic properties of ventricular muscle.
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Van Der Smissen, Benjamin, Tom E. Claessens, Ernst R. Rietzschel, Marc L. De Buyzere, Dirk De Bacquer, Thierry C. Gillebert, Peter Van Ransbeeck, Pascal R. Verdonck, and Patrick Segers. "Noninvasive Assessment of Diastolic Intraventricular Pressure Gradients in a Large General Population (the Asklepios Study)." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19328.

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Accurate assessment of diastolic (dys)function by non-invasive techniques has important therapeutic and prognostic implications but remains a challenge to the cardiologist. A promising parameter to evaluate diastolic (dys)function more accurately is the early diastolic intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPGe) which is considered representative of the active relaxation of the left ventricle. It has been shown that IVPGe can be estimated non-invasively by measuring blood velocities along a base-to-apex scan line using color M-mode Doppler (CMD) echography [1]. Although this technique is known for about 20 years, IVPGe is still not used in daily clinical practice because its approach is complicated and too laborious [2].
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Rajabzadeh, Hamid Reza, Bahar Firoozabadi, Mohammad Said Saidi, Salman Sohrabi, and Seyyed Mahdi Nemati Mehr. "Numerical Modeling of Pulsating Inflow to the Pulmonary Arteries in TCPC Morphology Using FSI Approach." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63776.

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The Fontan surgery is performed on patients with a single ventricle heart defect to prevent the combination of highly-oxygenated and poorly-oxygenated blood. Blood flow in total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) which culminates an ordinary Fontan operation is practically steady-state but this flow is not appropriate for respiratory systems. This article investigates an approach in Fontan surgery that has been recently proposed in order to make the pulmonary blood flow pulsating. Moreover, for investigating the compliance of vessels and its effects on blood flow in TCPC, we have used the FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) method as well as rigid wall assumption for comparison purposes. Our TCPC model structure has obtained from CT Angiography (CTA) scan of a single ventricle patient who has undergone a normal Fontan surgery. In this new procedure, pulmonary stenosis (PS), containing high pressure and pulsating flow, has been added to the original geometry for pulsating the main flow and then its effect on the general flow in left and right pulmonary arteries has been studied by increasing the inlet velocity to PS. In overall, our results show that this new approach increases the pulsations of pulmonary flow.
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Peelukhana, Srikara Viswanath, Kranthi K. Kolli, Hanan Kerr, Mohamed Effat, Imran Arif, Mariano Fernandez-Ulloa, and Rupak K. Banerjee. "Improved Assessment of Coronary Flow Impairment Using N-13 Ammonia Positron Emission Tomography." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14351.

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Non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is achieved using rest and stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) techniques. Currently, the MPI technique that is a standard of care is the Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). However, comparatively accurate and reliable MPI diagnostic test known as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is also available and gaining increasing popularity. In this study, a comparison is made between the impairments and left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) reported by SPECT and PET. In addition, using PET data, flow defects were quantified using coronary flow reserve (CFR: ratio of flow at stress to the rest) in four coronary territories, left ventricle (LV), left circumflex (LCX), right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending (LAD). Three patients with previous SPECT and suspected CAD were consented and further assessed with a PET cardiac N-13 ammonia scan according to the study protocol. The comparisons of the two imaging modalities showed discordance for patients 1 and 2 while they concurred for the patient 3. More importantly, quantification of the extent of defect showed an abnormal CFR value (< 2) of 1.67 (LCX) and 1.57 (RCA) for the patient 1 and 1.67 (LAD) and 1.75 (RCA) for patient 2. For the third patient, CFR value was abnormal at 0.85 for the RCA. Therefore, in contrast to SPECT, quantification of flow impairment using PET MPI in individual coronary territories will aid in better diagnosis of CAD.
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Caliari, Vitória de Ataide, Herika Negri, Claudio vidal, Bruno lobo, Dhyego lacerda, and Débora de Moura Muniz. "Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma of the Posterior Fossa in Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.025.

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Context: Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) are a rare but very aggressive subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas. They represent only 4% of primary central nervous system lesions and are more common in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas, who are HIV positive. Moreover, PCNSL, usually presents as intraparenchymal supratentorial expansive lesions, while secondary CNS lymphomas tend to present as metastases in the leptomeninges. Although they are more common in immunocompromised patients, their incidence has increased with advancing age. Due to its uniqueness in findings, rarity, and severity of the case, we present an immunocompetent elderly patient with a primary lesion of the posterior fossa. Case report: A 85-year-old female was admitted to the emergency room with incoercible vomiting for 48 hours. Initial clinical examination showed dysmetry, and dysbasia. There was no clinical history compatible with immunosuppression. The initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed two non-enhancing contrast lesions in T1 and hyperintense in T2/Flair in the left caudate nucleus, and at the right cerebellar hemisphere near the fourth ventricle and a third parafalcine lesion with homogenous contrast-enhancing on T1 compatible with an incidental meningioma. PET scan, thyroid and breast ultrasonography, and abdominal MRI were done to rule out metastasis, and all results were negative. The histopathological analysis after a stereotactic biopsy performed on the caudate nucleus lesion confirmed the presence of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Conclusions: The pattern of PCNSL is changing due to aging. Knowing this is indispensable for the correct diagnosis and management.

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