Books: 'LED heat management'

1

Lead from the heart: Transformational leadership for the 21st century. Bloomington: Balboa Press, 2011.

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Christine, Muhlke, ed. On the line: The heart and soul of a four-star restaurant. New York, NY: Artisan, 2008.

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Crisis in organizations: Managing and communicating in the heat of chaos. Cincinnati: South-Western Pub. Co., 1993.

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You can hear me now: How microloans and phones are connecting the world's poor to the global economy. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2007.

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Committee, New Jersey Legislature General Assembly Regulatory Oversight. Committee meeting of Assembly Regulatory Oversight Committee: Testimony concerning activities of the Budget Efficiency Savings Team Commission; testimony concerning public access to individual state trooper records; and testimony addressing regulations dealing with head injury victims. Trenton, N.J: Office of Legislative Services, Public Information Office, Hearing Unit, 2002.

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Crowley, Mark C. Lead from the Heart. Hay House, Incorporated, 2022.

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Crowley, Mark C. Lead from the Heart : : Transformational Leadership for the 21St Century. Balboa Press, 2011.

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Gartland, Tom. Lead with Heart: Transform Your Business Through Personal Connection. BenBella Books, 2018.

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Morris, Rhiain. Psychological management of coronary heart disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0123.

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Both anxiety and depression have been found to increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and lead to exacerbation of cardiac symptoms, with the latter subsequently impacting recovery/rehabilitation (e.g. leading to an increased number of readmissions to hospital, and an increased mortality risk following myocardial infarction (MI)). This may be due to pathophysiologic effects, such as vascular inflammation and autonomic dysfunction, and poor lifestyle/behavioural patterns, including non-attendance at cardiac rehabilitation classes; and/or poor treatment adherence. Psychosocial factors such as stress, hostility, social isolation, socio-economic status, and psychological defensiveness can also affect the course of cardiac illness.

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10

Roques, Tom. Oncological management of head and neck cancer III. Edited by John Phillips and Sally Erskine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834281.003.0053.

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This chapter discusses Pignon, le Maître, Maillard, and Bourhis’s paper on meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer including the design of the study (outcome measures, results, conclusions, and a critique).

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11

Beng, Ooi Kee, Toshio Egawa, and Ako Egawa. Criteria for Those Who Reach the Top: To Lead with Mind and Heart. ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute, 2018.

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12

Learning to lead in the secondary school: Becoming an effective head of department. London: RoutledgeFalmer, 2003.

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13

Brundrett, Mark. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. RoutledgeFalmer, 2003.

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14

Whittle, Ian. Head injury. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0589.

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Head injury or traumatic brain injury is a ubiquitous phenomenon in all societies and affects up to 2 per cent of the population per year (Bullock et al. 2006). Although the causes of head injury and its distribution within populations vary, it can have devastating consequences both for the patient and family (Tagliaferri et al. 2006). In some countries severe traumatic brain injury is the commonest cause of death in people under 40 years (Lee et al. 2006), and it is estimated that the sequelae of head injury cost societies billions of dollars per year. Understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management have all improved dramatically in the last few decades (Steudel et al. 2005). However within western society, perhaps one of the greatest benefits has been the reduction in severe craniocerebral injuries following motor vehicle accidents. This has arisen because of increased safety in car design, seat-belt legislation, the introduction of air-bags, enforcement of speed limits, and the societal conformity to drink-driving legislation. For instance, because of these changes, in the last 15 years the number of severe head injuries managed in the Clinical Neuroscience unit in Edinburgh has decreased by around 66 per cent. Unfortunately in some developing countries one legacy of increased traffic, particularly of motor cycles, is an epidemic of head injuries amongst young adults (Lee et al. 2006). With the number of severe head injuries declining in many countries the challenge will be to provide better care for patients with minor head injury, about 10 times more common than severe injury (Steudel et al. 2005).Ageing patients who tend to fall over, falls associated with increased alcohol consumption, and domestic or social assaults probably now contribute to the majority of head injuries (Flanagan et al. 2005; Steudel et al. 2005; Tagliaferri et al. 2006). Sporting injuries are fortunately uncommon as a cause of severe craniocerebral injury, although horse riding accidents can sometimes be devastating particularly in teenage girls. In some countries injuries from hand guns and other missiles are common (Aryan et al. 2005), but in European countries many such injuries are self-inflicted. Prompt management of intracranial haematoma, which occurs in 25–45 per cent of severe head injuries, 3–12 per cent of moderate injuries, and 0.2 per cent of minor injuries, and the rehabilitation of patients with head injury are now important areas in clinical neuroscience (Flanagan et al. 2005; Bullock et al. 2006b, c).

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15

Sobol, Julia, and Jack Louro. Obstructive Shock. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0012.

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In the perioperative period, various mechanisms can lead to the development of shock. The type of shock needs to be rapidly elucidated and initial management steps initiated to minimize the time of tissue hypoperfusion. Obstructive shock is caused by physical obstruction of circulation either into or out of the heart. The mechanisms that lead to obstructive shock either prevent blood from entering the right heart during diastole such as a tension pneumothorax or pericardial tamponade, or prevent the heart from ejecting the blood due to a physical obstruction, as in the case of pulmonary embolism or left ventricular outflow obstruction. While supportive care with volume resuscitation and inotropes to maintain cardiac output is crucial, early determination of the cause with prompt treatment is needed to prevent circulatory collapse. This chapter reviews the pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to obstructive shock and management steps to stabilize the patient and treat the underlying cause.

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16

Mark, Brundrett, and Terrell Ian, eds. Learning to lead in the secondary school: Becoming an effective head of department. London: RoutledgeFalmer, 2004.

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17

Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2003.

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18

Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2003.

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19

Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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20

Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2003.

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Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2003.

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22

Brundrett, Mark, and Ian Terrell. Learning to Lead in the Secondary School: Becoming an Effective Head of Department. Taylor & Francis Group, 2003.

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23

Barton, Laurence. Crisis in Organizations: Managing and Communicating in the Heat of Chaos. South-Western Educational Publishing, 1992.

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24

Barnard, Matthew, and Nicola Jones. Intensive care management after cardiothoracic surgery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0368.

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Management of the post-cardiothoracic surgical patient follows general principles of intensive care, but incorporates certain unique considerations. In cardiac surgical patients peri-operative ischaemia, arrhythmias and ventricular dysfunction mandate specific monitoring requirements, and individual pharmacological and mechanical support. Suspicion of myocardial ischaemia should not only lead to pharmacological treatment, but also consideration of urgent angiography to exclude coronary graft occlusion. Ventricular dysfunction may be pre-existing or attributable to intra-operative myocardial ‘stunning’. Catecholamines and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are the mainstay of therapy. Rarely, intra-aortic balloon pumping or ventricular assist devices are required. Significant bleeding (with potential cardiac tamponade), respiratory compromise, acute kidney injury, neurological injury, and deep sternal wound infection each occur in ~2–3% of cardiac surgical patients. Each of these has individual risk factors and specific management considerations. General guidelines for patients who have undergone thoracic surgery include early extubation, fluid restriction, effective analgesia, and protective lung ventilation. Thoracic patients are at risk of atelectasis, respiratory infection, bronchial air leak, and right ventricular failure. Positive pressure ventilation is avoided whenever possible particularly after pneumonectomy, but is sometimes necessary in compromised patients. Air leaks are common. Alveolopleural fistulae usually improve with conservative management,whereas bronchopleural fistulae are more likely to require surgical intervention. Lung surgery is high risk for patients with ischaemic heart disease. Patients with pre-existing elevated pulmonary vascular resistance may exhibit right ventricular dysfunction and may fail to cope with a further increase in pulmonary vascular resistance consequent to lung resection. Lung collapse and infection are constant risks throughout the entire post-operative period.

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25

Deen, Jason F., and Karen K. Stout. Causes and diagnosis of valvular problems. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0158.

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While valvular heart disease encountered in developing countries is primarily rheumatic in aetiology, in industrialized countries it is largely comprised of degenerative valvular disease. Although less prevalent than ischaemic heart disease, its prevalence increases with older age and increased life expectancy, and therefore represents significant disease burden in aging populations. Transthoracic echocardiography remains the imaging modality of choice for timely delineation of the anatomy and severity of the lesion,although, once identified, may not correlate with symptoms due to clinical latency of disease onset to disease manifestation. Variations of disease severity, which may not meet criteria for intervention, lead to chronicity of disease, while clinically silent lesions may remain undiagnosed—both of these situations may lead to acute illness requiring intensive care management. Stabilization through medical intervention may be required, although many patients with severe disease will need emergent surgical repair, therefore collaborative involvement between intensivists, cardiologists, and cardiovascular surgeons is needed to minimize patient mortality and morbidity.

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26

Acee, Anna M. WHAT IS THE HEAD NURSES' LEADERSHIP STYLE AND EFFECTIVENESS IN SELF-REPORTS AND REPORTS BY STAFF AS MEASURED BY HERSEY AND BLANCHARD'S LEAD INSTRUMENT AND HUMAN SYNERGISTIC'S MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS PROFILE SYSTEM (NURSES). 1990.

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27

Deen, Jason F., and Karen K. Stout. Therapeutic strategy in valvular problems. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0159.

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Valvular heart disease constitutes considerable disease burden in the elderly and surgery remains the definitive treatment. Most valve dysfunction is chronic in nature and may not meet sufficient criteria for surgical consideration; however, additional stressors such as hypovolaemia, arrhythmia, or infection may lead to cardiovascular symptoms and haemodynamic compromise, necessitating intensive care unit management. Acute valve dysfunction is typically a surgical emergency, and medical therapy is selectively used to bridge to more definitive therapy. Some situations, such as mitral stenosis, may be effectively medically managed to delay a surgical procedure, but the majority of acute valve dysfunction that requires intensive care will eventually come to surgery.

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28

Pearce Laanela, Therese. Special Voting Arrangements: Between the Convenience of Voting and the Integrity of Elections. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.56.

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Forms of special voting arrangements (SVAs) conventionally include early, postal, online, proxy voting and use of mobile ballot boxes. Some of these SVAs involve voting within supervised voting stations and some enable voting without/outside polling stations. Over the past years, a growing number of countries across the globe, and in Europe, have utilised alternatives, with early, postal and proxy voting becoming more common. In the past months, the COVID-19 pandemic has led many governments and electoral management bodies to increasingly consider adopting new or scaling up these SVAs to avoid crowded voting on an election day. For in-person voting, examples of elections held in recent weeks in countries such as South Korea offer useful insights on what measures can be adopted to mitigate risks of disease contagion while voters assemble to cast their ballots at polling stations. This lecture and paper by Therese Pearce Laanela, Head of Electoral Processes of International IDEA, discusses the tension between providing convenience for voters by offering different ways of casting their votes and the need to ensure the elections are held with integrity.

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29

AlJaroudi, Wael. Risk Assessment Before Noncardiac Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0014.

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Perioperative risk assessment is essential in screening patients before noncardiac surgery. Cardiovascular complications such as fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), ventricular arrhythmia, pulmonary edema, and stroke are important in-hospital causes of morbidity and mortality intra and post-operatively. The optimal approach is to identify patients at increased risk so that appropriate testing and therapeutic interventions are undertaken a priori to minimize such risk. The initial preoperative evaluation includes identification of surgery-specific risk, patient exercise functional capacity and clinical risk profile. Patients with major predictors of events such as acute coronary syndromes, recent MI, unstable arrhythmia, and severe valvular disease warrant further management and optimization that often lead to delaying surgery. Those with three or more predictors (history of ischemic heart disease, compensated heart failure, diabetes, renal insufficiency, or history of cerebrovascular disease) undergoing high- risk surgery often require stress testing. Although data from randomized prospective trials are lacking, numerous studies have demonstrated the utility of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for determination of perioperative cardiac risk. The goal of this chapter is to review the use of MPI for preoperative risk assessment and the recommendations from the current guidelines. The focus will be on short-term and long-term prognosis including special groups such as after coronary stenting and before vascular surgery, liver and renal transplantation.

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30

Paro, John A. M., and Geoffrey C. Gurtner. Pathophysiology and assessment of burns. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0346.

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Burn injury represents a complex clinical entity with significant associated morbidity and remains the second leading cause of trauma-related death. An understanding of the local and systemic pathophysiology of burns has led to significant improvements in mortality. Thermal insult results in coagulative necrosis of the skin and the depth or degree of injury is classified according to the skin layers involved. First-degree burns involve only epidermis and heal quickly with no scar. Second-degree burns are further classified into superficial partial thickness or deep partial thickness depending on the level of dermal involvement. Damage in a third-degree burn extends to subcutaneous fat. There is a substantial hypermetabolic response to severe burn, resulting in significant catabolism and untoward effects on the immune, gastrointestinal, and renal systems. Accurate assessment of the extent of burn injury is critical for prognosis and initiation of resuscitation. Burn size, measured in total body surface area, can be quickly estimated using the rule of nines or palmar method. A more detailed sizing system is recommended once the patient has been triaged. Appropriate diagnosis of burn depth will be important for later management. First-degree burns are erythematous and painful, like a sunburn; third-degree burns are leathery and insensate. Differentiating between second-degree burn types remains difficult. There are a number of formalized criteria during assessment that should prompt transfer to a burn centre.

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31

Sidhu, Kulraj S., Mfonobong Essiet, and Maxime Cannesson. Cardiac and vascular physiology in anaesthetic practice. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0001.

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This chapter discusses key components of cardiovascular physiology applicable to clinical practice in the field of anaesthesiology. From theory development to ground-breaking innovations, the history of cardiac and vascular anatomy, as well as physiology, is presented. Utilizing knowledge of structure and function, parameters created have allowed adequate patient clinical assessment and guided interventions. A review of concepts reveals the impact of multiple physiological variables on a patient’s haemodynamic state and the need for more accurate and efficient measurements. In particular, it is noted that a more reliable index of ventricular contractility is the end-systolic elastance rather than the ejection fraction. Constant direct preload assessment has not yet been achieved but continues to be determined through surrogate variables, and continuous cardiac output monitoring for oxygen delivery, although advancing, has limitations. Considering the effect of compound factors perioperatively, especially heart failure, modifies the goals and interventions of anaesthetists to achieve improved outcomes. Therefore, medical management prior to surgery and complete assessment through history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests are a priority. This chapter also details the expectations following volume expansion to augment haemodynamics during surgery, the concept of functional haemodynamic monitoring, and limitations to the parameters applied in assessing fluid responsiveness. Challenging the accuracy of conventional indices to predict volume status led to the use of goal-directed therapy, reducing morbidity and minimizing length of hospital stay. The mainstay of this chapter is to reinforce the relevance of advances in haemodynamic monitoring and homeostasis optimization by anaesthetists during surgery, using fundamental concepts of cardiovascular physiology.

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32

Ralston, Stuart H. Paget’s disease of bone. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0144.

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Paget's disease of bone (PDB) affects up to 1% of people of European origin aged 55 years and above. It is characterized by focal abnormalities of bone remodelling which disrupt normal bone architecture, leading to expansion and reduced mechanical strength of affected bones. This can lead to various complications including deformity, fracture, nerve compression syndromes, and osteoarthritis, although many patients are asymptomatic. Genetic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of PDB. This seems to be mediated by a combination of rare genetic variants which cause familial forms of the disease and common variants which increase susceptibility to environmental triggers. Environmental factors which have been suggested to predispose to PDB include viral infections, calcium and vitamin D deficiency, and excessive mechanical loading of affected bones. The diagnosis can be made by the characteristic changes seen on radiographs, but isotope bone scans are helpful in defining disease extent. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels can be used as a measure of disease activity. Inhibitors of bone resorption are the mainstay of medical management for PDB and bisphosphonates are regarded as the treatment of choice. Bisphosphonates are highly effective at reducing bone turnover in PDB and have been found to heal osteolytic lesions, and normalize bone histology. Although bisphosphonates can improving bone pain caused by elevated bone turnover, most patients require additional therapy to deal with symptoms associated with disease complications. It is currently unclear whether bisphosphonate therapy is effective at preventing complications of PDB.

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33

Ralston, Stuart H. Paget’s disease of bone. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0144_update_001.

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Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) affects up to 1% of people of European origin aged 55 years and above. It is characterized by focal abnormalities of bone remodelling which disrupt normal bone architecture, leading to expansion and reduced mechanical strength of affected bones. This can lead to various complications including deformity, fracture, nerve compression syndromes, and osteoarthritis, although many patients are asymptomatic. Genetic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of PDB. This seems to be mediated by a combination of rare genetic variants which cause familial forms of the disease and common variants which increase susceptibility to environmental triggers. Environmental factors which have been suggested to predispose to PDB include viral infections, calcium and vitamin D deficiency, and excessive mechanical loading of affected bones. The diagnosis can be made by the characteristic changes seen on radiographs, but isotope bone scans are helpful in defining disease extent. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels can be used as a measure of disease activity. Inhibitors of bone resorption are the mainstay of medical management for PDB and bisphosphonates are regarded as the treatment of choice. Bisphosphonates are highly effective at reducing bone turnover in PDB and have been found to heal osteolytic lesions, and normalize bone histology. Although bisphosphonates can improving bone pain caused by elevated bone turnover, most patients require additional therapy to deal with symptoms associated with disease complications. It is currently unclear whether bisphosphonate therapy is effective at preventing complications of PDB.

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34

Erdkamp, Paul, Koenraad Verboven, and Arjan Zuiderhoek, eds. Capital, Investment, and Innovation in the Roman World. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841845.001.0001.

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Investment in capital, both physical and financial, and innovation in its uses are often considered the linchpins of modern economic growth, while credit and credit markets now seem to determine the wealth—as well as the fate—of nations. This book asks whether it always thus, and whether the Roman economy—large, complex, and sophisticated as it was— looked anything like today’s economies in terms of its structural properties. Through consideration of the allocation and uses of capital and credit and the role of innovation in the Roman world, the contributors to this volume go to the heart of the matter. How was capital in its various forms generated, allocated, and employed in the Roman economy? Did the Romans have markets for capital goods and credit? Did investment in capital lead to innovation and productivity growth? The authors consider multiple aspects of capital use in agriculture, water management, trade, and urban production, and of credit provision, finance, and human capital in different periods of Roman history, in Italy and elsewhere in the Roman world. Using many different types of written and archaeological evidence, and employing a range of modern theoretical perspectives and methodologies, the contributors, an international team of historians and archaeologists, have produced the first book-length contribution to focus exclusively on (physical and financial) capital in the Roman world, a volume that is aimed at experts in the field as well as at economic historians and archaeologists specializing in other periods and places.

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35

Empson, Laura. Leading Professionals. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744788.001.0001.

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This book analyses the complex power dynamics and interpersonal politics that lie at the heart of leadership in professional organizations, such as accounting, law, and consulting firms, investment banks, hospitals, and universities. It is based on scholarly research into many of the world’s leading professional organizations across a range of sectors, including interviews with over 500 senior professionals in sixteen countries. Drawing on the latest academic theory to analyse exactly how professionals in organizations come together to create ‘leadership’, it provides new insights into how leaders lead when there is no traditional hierarchy to support them, their own authority is contingent, and they must constantly renegotiate relationships with relatively autonomous professional peers. It explores how leaders persuade highly intelligent, educated, and opinionated professionals to work together; how change happens within professional organizations; and why leaders so often fail. Part I introduces the concept of plural leadership, analysing how leaders establish and maintain their positions within leadership constellations, and the implications for governance in the context of collective or distributed leadership. Part II examines the complex, challenging relationships between professionals as they seek to influence their organizations, including the phenomena of leadership dyads, insecure overachievers, social control, and the rise of the management professional. Part III examines the shifts in the locus of power as professional organizations grow, adapt, and react to external stimuli such as mergers and acquisitions and economic crises. The conclusion identifies the paradoxes inherent in professional organizations and examines the role of leaders in attempting to reconcile them.

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36

Golper, Thomas A., Andrew A. Udy, and Jeffrey Lipman. Drug dosing in acute kidney injury. Edited by William G. Bennett. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0364.

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Drug dosing in acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the broadest topics in human medicine. It requires an understanding of markedly altered and constantly changing physiology under many disease situations, the use of the drugs to treat those variety of diseases, and the concept of drug removal during blood cleansing therapies. Early in AKI kidney function may be supraphysiologic, while later in the course there may be no kidney function. As function deteriorates other metabolic pathways are altered in unpredictable ways. Furthermore, the underlying disorders that lead to AKI alter metabolic pathways. Heart failure is accompanied by vasoconstriction in the muscle, skin and splanchnic beds, while brain and cardiac blood flow proportionally increase. Third spacing occurs and lungs can become congested. As either kidney or liver function deteriorates, there may be increased or decreased drug sensitivity at the receptor level. Acidosis accompanies several failing organs. Protein synthesis is qualitatively and quantitatively altered. Sepsis affects tissue permeability. All these abnormalities influence drug pharmacokinetics and dynamics. AKI is accompanied by therapeutic interventions that alter intrinsic metabolism which is in turn complicated by kidney replacement therapy (KRT). So metabolism and removal are both altered and constantly changing. Drug management in AKI is exceedingly complex and is only beginning to be understood. Thus, we approach this discussion in a physiological manner. Critically ill patients pass through phases of illness, sometimes rapidly, other times slowly. The recognition of the phases and the need to adjust medication administration strategies is crucial to improving outcomes. An early phase involving supraphysiologic kidney function may be contributory to therapeutic failures that result in the complication of later AKI and kidney function failure.

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Books on the topic 'LED heat management'

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