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Journal articles on the topic 'Lebanese'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Bourdeanu, Laura, Manal Alatrash, Nayiri Ketchedjian, and Barbara Pate. "Perceived Fears, Barriers, and Benefits Regarding Breast Cancer Screening: A Comparison of Lebanese and Lebanese-American Women." JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (September 2020): 1200–1210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00019.

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Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among Lebanese women, and nearly half of these women are age < 50 years at diagnosis. Despite the current screening guidelines in Lebanon to start mammograms at 40 years of age, monthly self-breast examination, and yearly clinical breast examination, compliance with these recommendations remains low in both Lebanese and Lebanese-American women. This study aimed to examine different factors associated with breast cancer screening compliance in Lebanese and Lebanese-American women and determine and compare factors that predict breast cancer screening for these 2 groups. A cross-sectional study design was used to examine the factors associated with breast cancer screening compliance in Lebanese and Lebanese-American women. A total of 250 Lebanese women and 105 Lebanese-American women completed the questionnaires. Of these, 74.3% of Lebanese-American women and 72.5% of Lebanese women had ever had a mammogram, and 58.4% of Lebanese women had had a clinical breast examination, compared with 84.8% of Lebanese-American women. In both groups, health care provider recommendation was a predictor of having had a mammogram. Although the breast cancer screening practices of both groups are higher than previously reported, they continue to fall below the recommended rate of 81% according to the Healthy People Project. Given the susceptibility of Lebanese women age > 40 years to develop breast cancer, promotional breast cancer screening campaigns must emphasize the importance of adhering to screening guidelines for both Lebanese and Lebanese-American women.

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2

Scholz, Norbert. "Lebanese Conflicts." Journal of Palestine Studies 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2537793.

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3

Turner, Harriet. "Lebanese Villagers." History of Photography 11, no. 2 (April 1987): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03087298.1999.10443905.

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4

Livingston, David. "Lebanese Cinema." Film Quarterly 62, no. 2 (2008): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2008.62.2.34.

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Abstract A survey of the history of cinema in Lebanon from its faltering beginnings in the mid-1950s, through a period of great vitality, to its recent sporadic state. Particular attention is paid to the way in which genre films have dramatized a range of sectarian viewpoints.

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5

Abdallah, Ali, Thomas Fletcher, and Kevin Hannam. "Lebanese food, ‘Lebaneseness’ and the Lebanese diaspora in London." Hospitality & Society 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/hosp.9.2.145_1.

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6

Humphrey, Michael. "The Lebanese war and Lebanese immigrant cultures: A comparative study of Lebanese in Australia and Uruguay." Ethnic and Racial Studies 9, no. 4 (October 1986): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.1986.9993545.

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7

Almawi, Wassim Y., Saria F. Wakim-Ghorayeb, Mona R. Arekat, Pierre Najm, Sose H. Keleshian, Nasreen Al-Sayed, Bruno Blanchon, Hanady R. Samaha, and Noha Irani-Hakime. "Association of Selective HLA Class II Susceptibility-Conferring and Protective Haplotypes with Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Bahrain and Lebanon." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 13, no. 11 (September 20, 2006): 1296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00206-06.

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ABSTRACT The association of HLA class II with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was investigated in Bahraini and Lebanese subjects. DRB1*070101 (Lebanese and Bahraini) and DQB1*0201 (Lebanese) were susceptibility-conferring alleles, and unique susceptibility-conferring/protective haplotypes were found in both patient groups. Regression analysis confirmed that DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 (Bahraini) and DRB1*110101-DQB1*0201 (Lebanese) were susceptibility-conferring haplotypes.

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8

Yun, Elisheva. "The Lebanese Blogosphere." Cornell Internation Affairs Review 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2008): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37513/ciar.v2i1.342.

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Over a decade after the close of the fifteen-year Lebanese Civil War, the cultural and political landscape of sectarianism has shifted significantly in Lebanon. Circumstances of uncertainty and upheaval in the past couple of years—Prime Minister Rafik al-Hariri’s assassination in 2005, the subsequent Cedar Revolution that spurred Syria’s withdrawal from Lebanese territory, a string of assassinations of anti-Syrian politicians, the Israel-Hizbullah War of 2006, anti-government protests and Hizbullah’s seizure of sections of Beirut in May 2008—have both fed into and arose from tensions between religious groups. Recent events suggest the centrality of sectarianism to questions about Lebanon’s stability. The momentous political changes that Lebanon has witnessed have raised questions as to the changing nature of sectarianism as well. In particular, given that sectarianism has fed into significant conflict, is it appropriate or productive to maintain sectarianism as the guiding principle for the political system? How have new avenues of discussion influenced Lebanon’s experience of sectarianism? Blogs, collectively referred to as the blogosphere, have provided an increasingly popular means of expression in Lebanon. Blogging has become more prominent through moments of conflict, namely the Cedar Revolution in 2005 and the Israel-Hizbullah conflict in the summer of 2006. As the Lebanese blogosphere virulently debates the unfolding events and the role of sectarianism in Lebanon, blogs offer an illuminating lens as to whether the Lebanese population deems sectarianism to be an appropriate organizing principle for its government.

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9

Davidson, Lawrence. "Lebanese Political History." Journal of Palestine Studies 15, no. 4 (1986): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2536624.

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10

Khalil, As'ad Abu. "Rewriting Lebanese History." Journal of Palestine Studies 18, no. 3 (1989): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2537355.

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11

Saade, Gladys. "Lebanese television archives." Electronic Library 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02640470410533399.

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Technological advances in the information and communication industry have changed many other sectors as well. Written, visual or oral, digital information is transmitted instantly, distributed around the world, stored, examined and sold. It thus acquires a commercial value that overlaps with the historical value of the information, which is a part of the collective memory of a country. This paper examines the information archives of Lebanese television stations from a technical and an intellectual point of view and discusses how they treat news and other television programmes and whether television information is considered a commercial product. It is argued that it is evident that an institution concerned with public interest (as opposed to commercial interests) looks after the conservation of the national patrimony and the collective memory, by forming a legal deposit system and respecting the authors' rights. Such an attitude could play a role in the frame of a national information policy.

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12

Naji Oueijan. "Lebanese Byron Society." Byron Journal 37, no. 1 (2009): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/byr.0.0043.

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13

Goihman-Yahr, Mauricio. "The Lebanese crisis." Lancet 368, no. 9546 (October 2006): 1493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69633-5.

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14

Kebbi. "The Lebanese Rooster." Storytelling, Self, Society 15, no. 2 (2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.13110/storselfsoci.15.2.0141.

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15

Allouche, Sabiha. "Love, Lebanese Style." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 157–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15525864-7490953.

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Abstract This article draws on a year of fieldwork conducted in Lebanon to highlight the paradoxical entanglement of power with romantic love in Lebanon, evident in the intricate gendered, aged, classed, and sect-related negotiations that accompany courtship periods. In addition, the article highlights the inclusive and relational qualities that external kin relations conduce. Kin approval ought not be seen as either/or divisive/conditional. For many of the couples interviewed, kin relations constitute an arena in which they can disseminate their affective bond. Such analysis is threefold. In addition to embracing the multiple subjectivity of the interlocutors, it moves beyond the standard political-economic approach that generally informs marriage studies in the Middle East and dismantles monolithic perceptions of Middle Eastern kin networks.

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16

van Creveld, Martin. "Israel's Lebanese war." RUSI Journal 151, no. 5 (October 2006): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071840608522872.

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17

Sarabiev, Aleksei V. "LEBANESE “KINGCHESS” INTRIGUE." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 1 (19) (2022): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2022-1-50-66.

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18

Yehya, Fouad. "Creative thinking skills in the Lebanese schools from secondary physics teachers’ perspectives." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 12, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v12i2.4718.

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This paper examines the degree of enhancing creative thinking skills in the physics curriculum in Lebanese secondary schools from the physics teachers’ perspectives. It is realistic based study adopted the descriptive quantitative method to collect data by questioner from 141 Lebanese secondary physics teachers from different Lebanese districts. Furthermore, an open-ended interview with many physics teachers was used to triangulate the survey obtained data. Results of both descriptive and inferential statistics indicated that the degree of using creative thinking in the Lebanese secondary schools and curricula is low and insufficient. Moreover, the results showed no statistically significant differences in the level of physics teachers’ perceptions about the role of the Lebanese curriculum and secondary schools of enhancing creative thinking skills among physics teachers’ gender, qualification and years of experience. Physics teachers must improve their divergent methods of teaching. Furthermore, professional development for teachers and appropriate training for learners on different learning strategies and the integration of well-designed activities in the curricula are a must to improve learners’ creative thinking skills. Keywords: Creative thinking skills, Lebanese physics curriculum, Lebanese secondary schools

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19

Habir, Elwathig El, Keith Marriage, Lyn Littlefield, and Kelly Pratt. "Teachers' Perceptions of Maladaptive Behaviour in Lebanese Refugee Children." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 28, no. 1 (March 1994): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679409075850.

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Research on the psychological status of children who are refugees from war has led to varying results. Children from war conditions or who have been subject to evacuation have been shown to have relatively low levels of disturbed behaviour, have internalising symptoms of anxiety or depression, display behaviour with aggressive features, and suffer slight psychological disturbance, depending on their caretakers' response to the stressful experience. Based on the contrasting evidence and observations within an inner Melbourne Muslim school, this study aimed to determine whether more behaviour problems existed in Muslim children from Lebanese families. Compared with other war refugee Muslim immigrant children, Lebanese children were not found to be more aggressive, but were more anxious. Lebanese males displayed more inattentive behaviour at school than non-Lebanese males. Sex differences were found in adaptive functioning within Lebanese and non-Lebanese groups. Differences in school performance and adaptive functioning were found between Lebanese and normative samples when males and females were analysed separately. These results are discussed in the context of teacher expectations and perceptions of culturally acceptable behaviour.

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20

Tlais, Sami, Hayat Omairi, Ali Al Khatib, and Hassan HajjHussein. "Compliance of Lebanese Pickling Industry with Lebanese and International Standards." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 7 (August 1, 2020): 1559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i7.1559-1563.3447.

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In light of recent news reporting the use of banned colorants in Lebanese-made pickled turnips exported to the European Union (EU) by the Rapid Alert System of Food and Feed (RASFF), The Lebanese Consumer Protection Association tested samples of pickled turnips being sold to the public and confirmed the use of rhodamine B. Many products were pulled off the market and were replaced with new products that were supposed to be free of any banned colorants. We selected 5 different brands of pickled turnips and tested them for pH, salinity, nitrites, and colorants. We tested the salinity using two methods: evaporation and titration. The concentration of nitrites was tested by absorbency method. The presence of colorants was determined using TLC and absorbency method. We determined that the newly released pickled turnips comply with the rules and regulations adopted by the Lebanese Standards Institution (LIBNOR) and the international standards according to the Codex Alimentarius.

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21

Maktabi, Rania. "The Lebanese census of 1932 revisited. Who are the Lebanese?" British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 26, no. 2 (November 1999): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530199908705684.

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22

Khashan, Hilal. "THE LEBANESE STATE: LEBANESE UNITY AND THE SUNNI MUSLIM POSITION." International Sociology 7, no. 1 (March 1992): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026858092007001005.

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23

Muhammad, Taha Khalaf, and Heba khalaf Hamad Al jubory. "The Status of Education in Lebanon under the French Colonialism 1920-1943." Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 29, no. 8, 2 (August 24, 2022): 190–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.29.8.2.2022.11.

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The study aims to shed light on the conditions of Lebanese education under the French colonialism 1920-1943 and to examine the situation of the Lebanese student and how colonialism affected the educational path in Lebanon, as well as researching the impact on educational curricula and control over the Lebanese encyclopedia, especially the great role of education in influencing society. The Lebanese and how colonialism exploited this factor in changing society and controlling the largest group of it by entering it through the path of education and modernity and an explanation of the change and difference that this path brought about among the groups of Lebanese society.

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24

Ahmed, Zafar U., and Craig C. Julian. "International Entrepreneurship in Lebanon." Global Business Review 13, no. 1 (January 17, 2012): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097215091101300102.

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This article provides a review of Lebanese entrepreneurial business practices since the 1920s. The characteristics of Lebanese culture are covered with special reference to the value systems inherent within Lebanese management practices. The historical development of Lebanese business in the context of management, culture and practices; innovation; individualism and collectivism; the role of government; indigenous entrepreneurs; education and training; and internationalization of Lebanese business is also reviewed via the literature and selected case studies. It is clear that the historical development of domestic business in Lebanon is unique and has been influenced by the civil war to a large extent and Lebanon’s previous trading relationships with its Arab neighbours.

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25

Leichtman, Mara A. "MIGRATION, WAR, AND THE MAKING OF A TRANSNATIONAL LEBANESE SHIʿI COMMUNITY IN SENEGAL." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 2 (April 13, 2010): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074381000005x.

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The July 2006 Lebanon war was an important turning point for West African Lebanese. For the first time since their formation as a community, the Lebanese in Senegal organized a demonstration in Dakar displaying solidarity with Lebanon. This protest illuminates the dynamics between global forces and local responses. Hizbullah's effectiveness in winning the international public opinion of both Sunni and Shiʿi Muslims in the war against Israel led to a surge in Lebanese diaspora identification, even among communities who had not been similarly affected by previous Lebanese wars. By analyzing the role of a Lebanese shaykh in bringing religious rituals and a Lebanese national identity to the community in Senegal, this article explores how members of the community maintain political ties to Lebanon even when they have never visited the “homeland” and sheds new light on the relationship among religion, migration, and (trans)nationalism.

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26

Malik Ashmoon, Аbou Zahr Diaz, and Аbou Zahr Diaz Montaser Hamed. "PRACTICES OF SOLIDARITY OF THE LEBANESE DIASPORA IN THE WORLD DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 4-5 (2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2021-4-5-03.

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The article examines the Lebanese diaspora, its relations with the Lebanese society and the situation in the world. The data is analyzed and the location of Lebanese diasporas in different parts of the world is considered. Lebanese immigrant communities around the world make up the largest groups of Arab immigrants. As a diaspora, Lebanese communities have historical roots in almost every corner of the world. A more significant fact of the migration of Lebanese society is considered to be the beginning of the second half of the 19th century, the Lebanese immigrated to America, Africa and Northern Europe. Many factors have contributed to the spread of Lebanese society around the world. Lebanon has a free market economy and a strong commercial tradition of non-interference. The government does not restrict foreign investment, but the investment climate suffers from bureaucracy, corruption, arbitrary licensing decisions, complex customs procedures, high taxes, tariffs and fees, archaic legislation, and inadequate protection of intellectual property rights [4. Р. 143]. The idea of a diaspora-a dispersed ethnic group spanning national borders-has been revived by the intensity of global processes over the past few decades towards understanding the immigrant experience. In its Greek origin, the term diaspora means the scattering of seeds and thus means an association with migration and colonization, implying acculturation and assimilation while preserving an ingrained tradition. Also, the diaspora captures much of our analytical and popular imagination and requires explanatory power in describing the presence and conditions of the immigrant population. Understanding their position as a product of global economic, political and cultural dynamics, Lebanese immigrants demonstrate forms of identification, social ties and ways of cultural expression that take into account the global diaspora consciousness [2. Р. 82]. The diaspora, on the other hand, provides an entry into the study of the global situation and the dynamics of the economy. It should be noted that the Lebanese diaspora is an important group for studying the dynamics of immigration and how immigrants are affected by global economic, political and cultural processes.

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Wiśniewski, Rafał. "Lebanese Experiences and the Challenges of Everyday Live in Poland." Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe 2020(41), no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21852/sem.2020.4.08.

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The article addresses the issue of pluralism in the axiological and normative area which affects Polish-Lebanese relations. It presents the findings of a research on the Lebanese community in Poland. The research gives insight into Lebanese citizens' motivations for moving to Poland and their opinions on everyday life in this country.

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Abouchedid, Kamal, and Ramzi Nasser. "ATTRIBUTIONS OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR POVERTY AMONG LEBANESE AND PORTUGUESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.1.25.

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This study examines poverty attitudes among Portuguese and Lebanese students (n=372) along Feagin's fatalistic, individualistic, and structuralistic dimensions. Results show that class and nationality are important variables for predicting the causes of poverty in cross-cultural terms. Lebanese students had higher agreements on the fatalistic dimension of poverty than did Portuguese. Significant differences were found between the middle-class Portuguese and Lebanese students on the individualistic and fatalistic dimensions. Middle-class Lebanese students were significantly more fatalistic than their Portuguese counterparts. Furthermore, middle-class Lebanese students documented greater individualistic interpretations of poverty than did Portuguese. MANCOVA test, which used class crossed with nationality on the poverty dimensions, and gender as a covariate did not yield significant differences between means. Wilks' Lambda regression coefficient showed a significant interaction between-class and nationality on the fatalistic dimension. Although the results portray different scores of poverty from those in previous studies, Lebanese students' structuralistic attributions are explained by the present economic and social crises of their country which transcend a strong orientation of system blame. Recommendations are offered for future crosscultural research on poverty.

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29

Bou Serhal, R., P. Salameh, N. Wakim, C. Issa, B. Kassem, L. Abou Jaoude, and N. Saleh. "A New Lebanese Medication Adherence Scale: Validation in Lebanese Hypertensive Adults." International Journal of Hypertension 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3934296.

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Background. A new Lebanese scale measuring medication adherence considered socioeconomic and cultural factors not taken into account by the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Objectives were to validate the new adherence scale and its prediction of hypertension control, compared to MMAS-8, and to assess adherence rates and factors. Methodology. A cross-sectional study, including 405 patients, was performed in outpatient cardiology clinics of three hospitals in Beirut. Blood pressure was measured, a questionnaire filled, and sodium intake estimated by a urine test. Logistic regression defined predictors of hypertension control and adherence. Results. 54.9% had controlled hypertension. 82.4% were adherent by the new scale, which showed good internal consistency, adequate questions (KMO coefficient = 0.743), and four factors. It predicted hypertension control (OR = 1.217; p value = 0.003), unlike MMAS-8, but the scores were correlated (ICC average measure = 0.651; p value < 0.001). Stress and smoking predicted nonadherence. Conclusion. This study elaborated a validated, practical, and useful tool measuring adherence to medications in Lebanese hypertensive patients.

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30

Koch, Anne. "Hizbullah, Libanon und Israel." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 36, no. 144 (September 1, 2006): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v36i144.550.

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This paper looks at the recent military confrontation between Israel and Hezbollah in the Lebanese-Israeli border region. It describes the constitution of Hezbollah as a consequence of the regional and Lebanese context and points at the impossibility of disarming Hezbollah by external forces. There exist a number of unsolved issues in this contentious frontier area, i.e. the Israeli claim for the Lebanese water resources or the occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights. These issues have to be solved in advance to prepare the ground for an internal national Lebanese dialogue and consensus regarding the disarming of Hezbollah.

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Gustafson, Scott. "The Lebanese Evangelical Church’s Response to the Syrian Crisis: The Shaping of Identity." International Bulletin of Mission Research 45, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396939320968007.

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The Lebanese church has experienced unprecedented challenges as Syrian refugees began flooding the country in 2011. This article attempts to discern the approaches to identity, strategy, and partnership that evolved for Lebanese evangelicals as the church found itself in the epicenter of Muslim emigration from war-torn neighbors. It discusses how the history of the Lebanese church prepared it for the most recent crisis and led to the development of unique outreach strategies and the intentional cultivation of robust partnerships. Finally, it demonstrates how these developments have contributed to the Lebanese evangelical church’s explosive growth in the last decade.

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32

González Fernández, Borja W. "Building Bridges: Michel Chiha and the Construction of Modern Lebanon." Revista de Estudios Internacionales Mediterráneos, no. 34 (June 26, 2023): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/reim2023.34.007.

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For almost three decades, the banker, journalist—and occasional poet—Michel Chiha (1891-1951) constructed, through the pages of his newspaper, Le Jour, a possibilist approach to Lebanese nationhood that was directly influential in the configuration of the National Pact and, ultimately, Lebanese independence. However, and despite the prominent role his thought played in the construction of the ‘Lebanese formula’, his work has been sorely overseen and misunderstood by scholarship. Analyzing Chiha’s editorial production, this paper will underline how this author’s cosmopolitan philosophy came to define the Lebanese self-perceptions of identity, defining constitutional practices until the present.

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Abrach, Dalia, and Khalil Feghali. "EXAMINATION OF ETHICAL AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF LEBANESE EXTERNAL AUDITORS." Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting 12, no. 1 (December 17, 2023): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/cjfa.2023.001.

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This article proposes to analyze the ethical reasoning of Lebanese external auditors with regard to the extent of their compliance with the code of professional conduct. As part of a positivist epistemological format, a quantitative methodology was employed. The data were collected using semi-directive survey that was sent to 250 Lebanese external auditors. The final sample consisted of 207 Lebanese external auditors for which we used correlation and logistic regression. The results reveal that because of an economic dependance on their clients, Lebanese external auditors demonstrate an inability to remain independent. This limits compliance with the code of professional conduct and thus negatively affects the quality of audit work. This study adds to the sparse literature found in developing countries that highlight the behavior of Lebanese external auditors with respect to professional conduct, which has always been considered sensitive and complex.

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Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed M., and Najwa El-Yahfoufi. "Wealth is Associated with Lower Anxiety in a Sample of Lebanese Students." Psychological Reports 96, no. 2 (April 2005): 542–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.2.542-544.

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A sample of 160 Lebanese students in the American University at Beirut (a relatively wealthy sample) had a significantly lower mean score on the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale than a sample of 639 Lebanese students in the Lebanese University (a less wealthy sample). Sex differences in anxiety scores were not significant in the first sample, but were in the second.

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35

Salem, Abdel Halim, Alaeddin Yaqoob, Muhalab Ali, Shailandra Handu, Raouf Fadel, Marwan Abu-Hijleh, and Wassim Almawi. "Genetic Polymorphism of the Glutathione S-Transferase M1 and T1 Genes in Three Distinct Arab Populations." Disease Markers 31, no. 5 (2011): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/796520.

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Deletion polymorphisms for the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene are associated with increased risk of cancer, and are implicated in detoxifying mutagenic electrophilic compounds. GST Polymorphic variants were reported for different populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequencies ofGSTM1andGSTT1null genotypes among Bahraini, Lebanese and Tunisian Arabs. GST genotyping was done by multiplex PCR-based methods. Study subjects comprised 167 Bahrainis, 141 Lebanese and 186 Tunisians unrelated healthy individuals.GSTM1deletion homozygosity of 49.7%, 52.5% and 63.4% were recorded for Bahraini, Lebanese and Tunisians, respectively. Among Bahrainis, the prevalence ofGSTT1null homozygotes was 28.7%, while in higher rates were seen in Lebanese (37.6%) and Tunisians (37.1%). Our results indicate that there are no major differences in allelic distribution ofGSTM1and GSTT1 genes between the three Arab populations investigated except between Bahrainis and Tunisians regarding the allelic distribution ofGSTM1gene (P= 0.013). Combined analysis of both genes revealed that 14.4% of Bahrainis, 16.3% of Lebanese and 21.0% of Tunisians harbor the deleted genotype of both genes. This is the first study that addressesGSTgene polymorphism in Bahraini and Lebanese Arabs, and will help genetic studies on the association ofGSTM1andGSTT1polymorphisms with disease risks and drug effects in Arab populations.

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Aoun-Bacha, Zeina, Wajdy Abi Saleh, and Micheline Bou Khalil. "Statement of the Lebanese Pulmonary Society, the Lebanese Society of Critical Care Medicine and the Lebanese Society of Anesthesiology." Lebanese Medical Journal 68, no. 1-2 (June 2020): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0057445.

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37

Louis, Sasha G., and Rana N. Khoudary. "Lebanese conversational style and cultural values." Intercultural Pragmatics 18, no. 5 (October 21, 2021): 571–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2021-5001.

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Abstract This paper investigates the Lebanese conversational style in relation to Lebanese cultural values. The study adopts a discourse analysis approach based on interactional sociolinguistic methodology for the analysis of audio-recordings and semi-structured interviews involving Lebanese nationals (multi-active culture) and members of linear-active cultures, in addition to participant observation. Four distinctive linguistic features characterizing the Lebanese conversational style are identified: topic (focus on personal topics and abrupt topic shift), pacing (overlap and fast pace), expressive phonology and intonation, and formulaic language. The findings of this study reveal that the Lebanese have a high-involvement conversational style as a result of their cultural values which reflect those of high-context, multi-active and collectivist cultures. Furthermore, a connection is made between cultural and communicative differences which can account for instances of stereotyping and misunderstandings between members of the two cultural groups.

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El Sayed, Moaz. "Framing the Role of Regional Actors in the Lebanese Sunni Politics: Perspectives from Sunni Groupings and Leaders." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2023): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1012.15967.

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The aim of this article is to understand how Lebanese Sunni political actors construct their narratives on the role of Iran, Syria, and Saudi Arabia in the Lebanese Sunni politics and how those narratives are framed and counter framed. The article adopts Max Weber’s interpretivist or Verstehen research approach which emphasises that reality is a social construct. Using a case study research design with qualitative approach, the data is collected from the field employing interviews (semi-structured) and documents analysis. A purposive sampling technique was operationalised to choose 23 research participants including Sunni grouping leaders or representatives, politicians, Lebanese ministers, and members of Parliament (MPs) from various sides within the Lebanese Sunni political spectrum. The findings suggest that Iran appealed to various Sunnis by amplifying the frames of supporting Palestine, resisting Israel and countering western imperialism. Yet, some Sunnis frame Iran as deconstructing the Sunni politics and creating intra-Sunni friction. Syria’s role was framed by some Sunnis as 'divide-and-rule', claiming that Syria categorised Sunnis based on their association or lack thereof with them. Pro-Syrian Sunnis amplifies Syria’s perceived ‘pan-Arabism’ credential and contribution to ending Lebanese civil war. Saudi Arabia’s role in Lebanon is understood in the context of unifying Sunnis and integrating them into the Lebanese politics. The research recommends the Lebanese Sunnis to think globally and act locally in ways that will reestablish genuine democracy and development, placing the interest of Lebanon as the top priority.

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Ed.D., Linda Crismon,, Mary Helou, Ph.D., and Christopher Crismon. "The Synergy between John Dewey’s Educational Democracy and Levant’s Lebanon Educational Reforms." World Journal of Educational Research 9, no. 3 (June 2, 2022): p55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjer.v9n3p55.

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This study examines the impact of John Dewey’s democratic educational principles on the reforms of the Lebanese educational system using data collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, with open-ended questions, as part of case studies designed for this purpose. The participants in this study are all academics, facilitators, intellectuals and scholars of a Lebanese decent (n=30), undertaking full-time and part-time academic posts, involving learning and teaching activities at universities and other higher educational institutions/providers in Lebanon and in the diaspora (United States of America and Australia). As part of the case studies, the individual, personal, and professional teaching and learning journeys of the educators are sketched in details in relation to John Dewey’s four (4) key democratic educational reformative principles. Moreover, the current research study finally concludes by providing a realistic response to the following question that currently lingers in every academic Lebanese mind and on every Lebanese, scholar’s lips, namely, given Lebanon’s current liberal and relatively democratic educational system, are the Lebanese intellectual reformers truly given the opportunity to create a positive and constructive future vision for Lebanon through its educational system. The current chapter further provides a realistic and clear-cut description of the hurdles facing the current Lebanese educational system, including the scholars, intellectuals, and academics, residing in both Lebanon and in the diaspora. The current study further provides an elaboration on how such hurdles to actual and realistic reforms in Lebanon are impacting on the country’s brain drain phenomenon, as witnessed during the unfortunate latest Lebanese crisis (1975-1991), and post-crisis (1992-present) periods, which, in itself, act as a vicious circle, heavily contributing to the continuously deteriorating state of the current public Lebanese educational system.

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Al-Tannir, Mohamad, Samer Kobrosly, Taha Itani, Mariam El-Rajab, and Sawsan Tannir. "Prevalence of Physical Activity Among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 6, no. 3 (May 2009): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.6.3.315.

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Background:This survey aims to assess the prevalence of physical activity among adult Lebanese, and to report the relationship between sociodemographic variables and physical activity behavior, highlighting the correlates discouraging people to carry out physical activity.Methods:A cross-sectional study using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire was conducted on 346 adults from four Lebanese districts. Demographic characteristics, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and medical history were obtained.Results:Prevalence of physical activity among Lebanese adults was 55.5% (192/346). Age, BMI, marital status, medical history, occupation, educational level, and smoking were significantly associated with physical activity (P < .05). Inactive obese participants were about three times more likely to report hypertension and diabetes than inactive normal weight participants (P = .013). BMI was significantly higher among inactive participants (P = .014).Conclusion:Physical activity among Lebanese adults was comparable to other populations. Married, non–office workers, and smokers were the main correlates of physical inactivity in Lebanese adulthood.

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El-Mousawi, Dr Hasan, and Dr Ibrahim Fakih. "Extent of Commitment of Lebanese Banks to Principles of Governance (An Empirical Study)." Research in Economics and Management 4, no. 4 (November 12, 2019): p215. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rem.v4n4p215.

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The novel inclination towards applying principles of governance in banks constitutes a great challenge to banks around the world, especially in developing countries. It is especially challenging for Lebanese banks to apply principles of governance because its economy is passing through a very delicate period. This paper aims at studying the extent of commitment of Lebanese banks to principles of governance according to Basel Committee. It is of great importance that Lebanese banks should be committed to these principles to be able to face present and future challenges since applying principles of governance enhances trust of investors, shareholders and other related parties in addition to related international organizations which are closely watching the Lebanese economy. The researchers utilized a five-point Likert Style questionnaire which includes 56 items and asked employees of 10 banks operating in Lebanon to respond to them. Among those employees were board members, executives, internal auditors and heads of departments. The research reached some important findings, most importantly that Lebanese banks are totally committed to principles of governance. This enables Lebanese banks to have a positive impact on investors, shareholders and other parties, which might enhance the bank’s competitive position and attract a greater number of investors, depositors and stockholders.

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Samaha, Hala, Nathalie Chahine, Anatoly Petrovich Sobolev, Luigi Menghini, and Hassane Makhlouf. "1H-NMR Metabolic Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Saffron (Crocus sativus) Cultivated in Lebanon." Molecules 26, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 4906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164906.

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Despite the beneficial health properties shown by Lebanese saffron, its qualitative and quantitative composition has never been investigated before. In the present study, NMR spectroscopy, together with antioxidant activity assays, were applied to evaluate the chemical composition of saffron samples of different geographical origins (Lebanon, Italy, Iran, and India) and to categorize the Lebanese saffron for the first time. The distinction between Lebanese saffron and that produced in other countries was attributed to its higher linolenic and linoleic fatty acids, glucose and picrocrocin contents. Moreover, spices produced in three different regions of the Lebanese territory have been clearly differentiated. Saffron cultivated in the Qaa region displayed a high glucose, fatty acids and polyphenols content, whereas Hermel saffron exhibited the largest rate of picrocrocin and glycosylated carotenoids. Finally, samples from Baalbeck showed lower rates for the majority of metabolites. Moreover, Lebanese saffron showed a high antioxidant activity in ABTS and DPPH assays. A low dose of saffron extract (10 µg/mL) inhibited the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma cells, probably due to the high polyphenolic content. This study highlights the quality and peculiarity of Lebanese saffron cultivated in Northern Beqaa district and allows for a good discrimination between spices produced in relatively close territory.

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Harb, Atef, Mira Thoumy, and Michel Yazbeck. "Customer satisfaction with digital banking channels in times of uncertainty." Banks and Bank Systems 17, no. 3 (August 11, 2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(3).2022.03.

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The unprecedented Lebanese economic crisis and the global COVID-19 pandemic have taken their toll on the Lebanese banking sector. This led to the need to investigate this sector in times of dire uncertainty by highlighting six digital banking channels offered by Lebanese banks. This study reveals how the banking industry has adapted to this novel situation by embracing dynamic technological changes to attain higher levels of customer satisfaction with digital banking channels (DBCs). Consequently, the study investigates the extent of DBC adoption, their usage benefits, the resulting service quality, and their aggregate impact on overall customer satisfaction with DBCs. The study measures customer satisfaction with digital technologies implemented in Lebanese banks during the most unstable period of Lebanese history. This study supported the deductive approach generating significantly interesting results by analyzing Spearman’s correlations regarding DBC adoption and investigating customer satisfaction levels with DBCs showing satisfactory results such as high correlation for mobile banking adoption (0.544), internet banking (0.533), transactional call center (0.528) followed by ATM (0.455). A multiple linear regression study found a positive relationship between DBC adoption in Lebanese banks and overall customer satisfaction with DBCs with an adjusted R-squared value of 0.454 for DBC benefits and an adjusted R-squared value of 0.802 for DBC service quality in Lebanese banks on their customer satisfaction.The final conclusion is that banks should invest in DBCs and develop them as they are the major determinants leading to improved customer satisfaction through higher adoption/diversification rates, improved service quality levels and greater benefits.

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Joseph, Suad. "Geographies of Lebanese Families." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 5, no. 3 (2009): 120–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/mew.2009.5.3.120.

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Yassine, Selim. "House-cleaning Lebanese style." Index on Censorship 21, no. 4 (April 1992): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064229208535336.

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Ajami, Joseph. "Lebanese Elections 2005 Version." American Behavioral Scientist 49, no. 4 (December 2005): 634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764205283554.

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Tahan, Lina Gebrail. "Redefining the Lebanese Past." Museum International 57, no. 3 (September 2005): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.2005.00533.x.

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Humphrey, Michael. "Conference on “Lebanese emigration”." Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 13, no. 3 (April 1990): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539008712643.

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Shaheen, Kareem. "The Lebanese Security Quagmire." Journal of Palestinian Refugee Studies 4-5, no. 2-1 (2015): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0014076.

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Abdulkhalek, Youssef Hussein. "Lebanese National Debt and Its Impact on Lebanese Economy and Currency Value." Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 6, no. 11 (July 2017): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0039076.

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